Chemical Substance
| Documentation: |
| Comment: A collection of collections and a specialization of #$TangibleStuffCompositionType. Each instance of #$ChemicalSubstanceType is a specialization of #$PartiallyTangible whose instances are defined only by their chemical composition -- not by their physical state or any other property. Instances of #$ChemicalSubstanceType can be of two varieties: <p> (1) Collections whose instances are completely uniform with each other in terms of chemical composition; this includes (a) the chemical elements -- such as Carbon, Oxygen, and Hydrogen -- which are instances of ElementStuffTypeByNumberOfProtons (thus, the latter is a specialization of #$ChemicalSubstanceType), and (b) chemical compounds constituted of more than one substance chemically bonded, e.g., Water, Caffeine, and IronOxide, which are instances of ChemicalCompoundTypeByChemicalSpecies <br> (2) Substances which have a general chemical specification, that is, whose instances do not have exactly the same chemical composition but fall within certain specifications, e.g., DNAStuff . <p> Note that collections that are not instances of #$ChemicalSubstanceType include collections of substances which have some component which is of overriding significance in some context, so that in everyday language such substances are frequently referred to by the name of their important component (e.g., "penicillin" applied to a tablet containing penicillin), but which have significant admixtures of other substances. Thus, Penicillin is an instance of #$ChemicalSubstanceType, but the collection of tablets containing penicillin and including other ingredients is not. Also, specializations of Mixture, such as Lemonade, are not instances of #$ChemicalSubstanceType, because mixtures are determined by their physical state rather than solely by their chemical composition. |
| Miscellaneous: |
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| Chemical substances are the topic of chemistry. Chemical synthesis creates some chemical substance. Every chemical plant is located in some chemical substance. |
| Some chemical plant organizations make some chemical substance. |