(#$comment #$AbandoningSomething "The collection of events in which some #$Agent deliberately gives up possession of something, without giving it to another.") (#$genls #$AbandoningSomething #$Individual) (#$genls #$AbandoningSomething #$LosingUserRights) (#$genls #$AbandoningSomething #$PurposefulAction) (#$isa #$AbandoningSomething #$TemporalObjectType) (#$comment #$Abbreviation "A shortened version of a written word or phrase. An #$Acronym is a specific type of abbreviation.") (#$genls #$Abbreviation #$Individual) (#$genls #$Abbreviation #$ProperNameString) (#$isa #$Abbreviation #$ObjectType) (#$comment #$Abhorrence "Extreme repugnance felt towards a person or thing, typically resulting in strenuous efforts to avoid it.") (#$genls #$Abhorrence #$Disgust) (#$genls #$Abhorrence #$Dissatisfaction) (#$genls #$Abhorrence #$Hate) (#$isa #$Abhorrence #$AtemporalNecessarilyEssentialCollectionType) (#$isa #$Abhorrence #$FeelingType) (#$comment #$Ablation "A collection of events. In an #$Ablation, a (usually relatively thin) layer of material is removed from the surface of an object.") (#$genls #$Ablation #$Individual) (#$genls #$Ablation #$RemovingSomething) (#$genls #$Ablation #$Separation-Complete) (#$isa #$Ablation #$DefaultDisjointScriptType) (#$isa #$Ablation #$TemporalStuffType) (#$siblingDisjointExceptions #$Ablation #$BodyMovementEvent) (#$siblingDisjointExceptions #$Ablation #$PhysicalContactEvent) (#$siblingDisjointExceptions #$Ablation #$Sliding-Generic) (#$siblingDisjointExceptions #$Ablation #$VoluntaryBodyMovement) (#$arg1Format #$ableToAffect #$openEntryFormatInArgs) (#$arg1Isa #$ableToAffect #$Agent) (#$arg1Isa #$ableToAffect #$Agent) (#$arg2Format #$ableToAffect #$openEntryFormatInArgs) (#$arg2Isa #$ableToAffect #$TemporalThing) (#$arg2Isa #$ableToAffect #$TemporalThing) (#$argFormat #$ableToAffect 1 #$openEntryFormatInArgs) (#$argFormat #$ableToAffect 2 #$openEntryFormatInArgs) (#$argIsa #$ableToAffect 1 #$Agent) (#$argIsa #$ableToAffect 1 #$Agent) (#$argIsa #$ableToAffect 1 #$Agent) (#$argIsa #$ableToAffect 2 #$TemporalThing) (#$argIsa #$ableToAffect 2 #$TemporalThing) (#$argIsa #$ableToAffect 2 #$TemporalThing) (#$arity #$ableToAffect 2) (#$comment #$ableToAffect "'(#$ableToAffect AGENT THING)' means that AGENT is capable of causing some change in THING. This does not imply that AGENT ever actually does cause any change in THING, but that THING is within AGENT's 'zone of influence'. For instance, I am able to affect the ceiling panel above my head, even though I've never done anything to it. In contrast, I cannot affect the moon. This is an inherently vague notion, since one's ability to influence objects tends to diminish as they grow larger--or smaller--and farther away. However, it's an important common sense concept, since we must learn what we can and cannot affect in order to understand our capabilities and limitations and plan actions accordingly.") (#$genlPreds #$ableToAffect #$temporallyIntersects) (#$isa #$ableToAffect #$CotemporalObjectsSlot) (#$isa #$ableToAffect #$ReflexiveBinaryPredicate) (#$arg1Isa #$ableToControl #$Agent) (#$arg1Isa #$ableToControl #$Agent) (#$arg2Format #$ableToControl #$SetTheFormat) (#$arg2Isa #$ableToControl #$TemporalThing) (#$arg2Isa #$ableToControl #$TemporalThing) (#$argFormat #$ableToControl 2 #$SetTheFormat) (#$argIsa #$ableToControl 1 #$Agent) (#$argIsa #$ableToControl 1 #$Agent) (#$argIsa #$ableToControl 1 #$Agent) (#$argIsa #$ableToControl 2 #$TemporalThing) (#$argIsa #$ableToControl 2 #$TemporalThing) (#$argIsa #$ableToControl 2 #$TemporalThing) (#$arity #$ableToControl 2) (#$comment #$ableToControl "A predicate that relates an agent to some cotemporal thing s/he is able to control. More precisely, (#$ableToControl AGENT THING) means that AGENT is in a position of being able to either (i) influence (i.e. prohibit, enable, or constrain) some significant set of behaviors (or actions or functionings) of THING or (ii) influence some significant set of behaviors of other agents with respect to THING. For example, Wilbur Post might be able to control some range of his horse Ed's actions in virtue of having the (physical and legal) power to force Ed to walk down this bridle path, stay in that corral, and so on; and Wilbur might also be able to control Ed in the sense of deciding who has access to him (e.g. deciding who may see Ed and who may ride him). The controlled THING might be a non-living possession of AGENT's or, as in the above example, another _agent_. Since one's ability to control something is rarely comprehensive, (#$ableToControl AGENT THING) can hold despite the fact there are many behaviors/actions/functionings of THING's that are beyond AGENT's control. Thus, although Wilbur might be able to control which paths Ed is ridden on, where he sleeps, and what he eats, Wilbur might not be able to control such things as Ed's breathing rate, tail swishing, or what he does in the privacy of his stall. Note that AGENT's being #$ableToControl THING does not entail that AGENT actually exercises this ability. Note also that AGENT's merely being able to influence _some_ behavior of THING (or some behavior of another agent's with respect to THING) is not sufficient for her being #$ableToControl THING; AGENT must be able to influence a significant set or range of THING's behaviors (or of other agents' behaviors with respect to THING) in order to be able to control THING. (Unavoidably, the notions of being \"able\" to do something and of a \"significant range\" of a thing's behaviors/actions/functionings are both rather vague.) For describing events in which an agent actually wields control over something, consider using #$ControllingSomething and #$objectControlled.") (#$genlPreds #$ableToControl #$ableToAffect) (#$genlPreds #$ableToControl #$positiveVestedInterest) (#$genlPredsWRTTypes #$ableToControl #$influencesAgent #$Agent #$Agent) (#$isa #$ableToControl #$CotemporalObjectsSlot) (#$arg1Isa #$abnormal #$SubLList) (#$arg2Isa #$abnormal #$CycLAssertion) (#$argIsa #$abnormal 2 #$CycLAssertion) (#$argIsa #$abnormal 2 #$CycLAssertion) (#$argIsa #$abnormal 1 #$SubLList) (#$argIsa #$abnormal 1 #$SubLList) (#$arity #$abnormal 2) (#$comment #$abnormal "Every default rule in our system P(x1,...,xn) => Q(x1,...,xn) is implicitly treated as (not(abnormal(x1,...,xn)) and P(x1,...,xn) => Q(x1,...,xn) This allows rules without exceptions to never have to incur the overhead of default reasoning. Exceptions to rules are written like so: (#$exceptWhen R(x1,...,xn) Rule001) and get canonicalized into rules concluding abnormal like so: R(x1,...,xn) => (#$abnormal(x1,....,xn) Rule001) Since a different 'abnormality' predicate is needed for every default rule in the system, we instead handle this uniqueness requirement by having a single #$abnormal predicate which takes the rule in question as an argument. Also, the variables over which abnormality is computed is given as a single list. This allows #$abnormal to be binary rather than arbitrary arity. ") (#$isa #$abnormal #$BinaryPredicate) (#$isa #$abnormal #$CoreImplementationConstant) (#$isa #$abnormal #$DefaultMonotonicPredicate) (#$sharedNotes #$abnormal #$MetaAssertionsForPolyCanonicalizingAssertions) (#$sharedNotes #$abnormal #$NoteAboutStatingExceptionsInCycL) (#$minimizeExtent #$abnormal) (#$arg1Format #$above-Directly #$SetTheFormat) (#$arg1Isa #$above-Directly #$SpatialThing-Localized) (#$arg2Format #$above-Directly #$SetTheFormat) (#$arg2Isa #$above-Directly #$SpatialThing-Localized) (#$argFormat #$above-Directly 1 #$SetTheFormat) (#$argFormat #$above-Directly 2 #$SetTheFormat) (#$argIsa #$above-Directly 1 #$SpatialThing-Localized) (#$argIsa #$above-Directly 1 #$SpatialThing-Localized) (#$argIsa #$above-Directly 2 #$SpatialThing-Localized) (#$argIsa #$above-Directly 2 #$SpatialThing-Localized) (#$arity #$above-Directly 2) (#$comment #$above-Directly "(#$above-Directly ABOVE BELOW) means either that (1) the volumetric center of ABOVE is directly above some point of BELOW, if ABOVE is smaller than BELOW; or that (2) some point of ABOVE is directly above the volumetric center of BELOW, if ABOVE is larger than, or equal in size to, BELOW.") (#$genlPreds #$above-Directly #$above-Generally) (#$isa #$above-Directly #$AsymmetricBinaryPredicate) (#$isa #$above-Directly #$SpatialPredicate) (#$negationInverse #$above-Directly #$above-Directly) (#$arg1Format #$above-Generally #$openEntryFormatInArgs) (#$arg1Isa #$above-Generally #$SpatialThing-Localized) (#$arg2Format #$above-Generally #$openEntryFormatInArgs) (#$arg2Isa #$above-Generally #$SpatialThing-Localized) (#$argFormat #$above-Generally 1 #$openEntryFormatInArgs) (#$argFormat #$above-Generally 2 #$openEntryFormatInArgs) (#$argIsa #$above-Generally 1 #$SpatialThing-Localized) (#$argIsa #$above-Generally 1 #$SpatialThing-Localized) (#$argIsa #$above-Generally 2 #$SpatialThing-Localized) (#$argIsa #$above-Generally 2 #$SpatialThing-Localized) (#$arity #$above-Generally 2) (#$comment #$above-Generally "(#$above-Generally OBJ1 OBJ2) means that the #$SpatialThing-Localized OBJ1 is more or less above the #$SpatialThing-Localized OBJ2. To be more precise: if OBJ1 is within a cone-shaped set of vectors within about 45 degrees of #$Up-Directly pointing up from OBJ2 (see #$Up-Generally), then (#$above-Generally OBJ1 OBJ2) holds. This is a more general predicate than #$above-Directly (q.v.), but it is a more specialized predicate than #$above-Higher (q.v.). It probably most closely conforms to the English word \"above.\"") (#$genlPreds #$above-Generally #$above-Higher) (#$isa #$above-Generally #$AsymmetricBinaryPredicate) (#$isa #$above-Generally #$SpatialPredicate) (#$negationInverse #$above-Generally #$above-Generally) (#$comment #$AboveGroundLevelInAConstruction "#$AboveGroundLevelInAConstruction is a specialization of #$LevelOfAConstruction. Each instance of #$AboveGroundLevelInAConstruction is at or above ground level. See also #$BasementLevelInAConstruction and #$BalconyLevelInAConstruction.") (#$disjointWith #$AboveGroundLevelInAConstruction #$BasementLevelInAConstruction) (#$genls #$AboveGroundLevelInAConstruction #$Individual) (#$genls #$AboveGroundLevelInAConstruction #$LevelOfAConstruction) (#$isa #$AboveGroundLevelInAConstruction #$ExistingObjectType) (#$arg1Format #$above-Higher #$openEntryFormatInArgs) (#$arg1Isa #$above-Higher #$SpatialThing-Localized) (#$arg2Format #$above-Higher #$openEntryFormatInArgs) (#$arg2Isa #$above-Higher #$SpatialThing-Localized) (#$argFormat #$above-Higher 1 #$openEntryFormatInArgs) (#$argFormat #$above-Higher 2 #$openEntryFormatInArgs) (#$argIsa #$above-Higher 1 #$SpatialThing-Localized) (#$argIsa #$above-Higher 1 #$SpatialThing-Localized) (#$argIsa #$above-Higher 2 #$SpatialThing-Localized) (#$argIsa #$above-Higher 2 #$SpatialThing-Localized) (#$arity #$above-Higher 2) (#$comment #$above-Higher "(#$above-Higher OBJ-A OBJ-B) means that OBJ-A is at a greater altitude (from some common reference point) than OBJ-B. In terrestrial contexts (see #$TerrestrialFrameOfReferenceMt), (#$above-Higher OBJ-A OBJ-B) typically means that OBJ-A is at a greater altitude above sea level (see the predicate #$altitudeAboveSeaLevel) than OBJ-B.") (#$genlPreds #$above-Higher #$spatiallyDisjoint) (#$isa #$above-Higher #$AsymmetricBinaryPredicate) (#$isa #$above-Higher #$CotemporalObjectsSlot) (#$isa #$above-Higher #$SpatialPredicate) (#$isa #$above-Higher #$TransitiveBinaryPredicate) (#$negationInverse #$above-Higher #$above-Higher) (#$arg1Format #$above-Overhead #$SetTheFormat) (#$arg1Isa #$above-Overhead #$SpatialThing-Localized) (#$arg2Format #$above-Overhead #$SetTheFormat) (#$arg2Isa #$above-Overhead #$SpatialThing-Localized) (#$argFormat #$above-Overhead 1 #$SetTheFormat) (#$argFormat #$above-Overhead 2 #$SetTheFormat) (#$argIsa #$above-Overhead 1 #$SpatialThing-Localized) (#$argIsa #$above-Overhead 1 #$SpatialThing-Localized) (#$argIsa #$above-Overhead 2 #$SpatialThing-Localized) (#$argIsa #$above-Overhead 2 #$SpatialThing-Localized) (#$arity #$above-Overhead 2) (#$comment #$above-Overhead "(#$above-Overhead ABOVE BELOW) means that ABOVE is directly above BELOW (see the predicate #$above-Directly), all points of ABOVE are higher than all points of BELOW, and ABOVE and BELOW do _not_ touch.") (#$genlPreds #$above-Overhead #$above-Directly) (#$isa #$above-Overhead #$AsymmetricBinaryPredicate) (#$isa #$above-Overhead #$SpatialPredicate) (#$negationInverse #$above-Overhead #$above-Overhead) (#$negationPreds #$above-Overhead #$touches) (#$arg1Isa #$above-Touching #$PartiallyTangible) (#$arg1Isa #$above-Touching #$PartiallyTangible) (#$arg2Isa #$above-Touching #$PartiallyTangible) (#$arg2Isa #$above-Touching #$PartiallyTangible) (#$argIsa #$above-Touching 1 #$PartiallyTangible) (#$argIsa #$above-Touching 1 #$PartiallyTangible) (#$argIsa #$above-Touching 1 #$PartiallyTangible) (#$argIsa #$above-Touching 2 #$PartiallyTangible) (#$argIsa #$above-Touching 2 #$PartiallyTangible) (#$argIsa #$above-Touching 2 #$PartiallyTangible) (#$arity #$above-Touching 2) (#$comment #$above-Touching "(#$above-Touching ABOVE BELOW) means that ABOVE is located over BELOW and they are touching. More precisely, it implies both (#$above-Directly ABOVE BELOW) and that ABOVE #$touches BELOW. Examples: a person sitting on a chair; coffee in a cup; a boat on water; a hat on a head. (Note that not every point of ABOVE must be higher than every point of BELOW.)") (#$genlPreds #$above-Touching #$above-Directly) (#$genlPreds #$above-Touching #$touches) (#$isa #$above-Touching #$AsymmetricBinaryPredicate) (#$isa #$above-Touching #$SpatialPredicate) (#$negationInverse #$above-Touching #$above-Directly) (#$negationInverse #$above-Touching #$above-Touching) (#$comment #$AbradingSomething "A collection of events. In an #$AbradingSomething event, the surface of some object is gradually worn away by scraping or similar physical contact involving friction. Devices used in elements of #$AbradingSomething include files and sand paper; elements of #$AbradingSomething would include the event in which Howard Hughes sanded down the Spruce Goose for the last time, the event in which Lucy Ricardo filed her fingernails just before her singing debut at Rickie's club, etc.") (#$genls #$AbradingSomething #$Ablation) (#$genls #$AbradingSomething #$Individual) (#$genls #$AbradingSomething #$Rubbing) (#$isa #$AbradingSomething #$DefaultDisjointScriptType) (#$comment #$AbsoluteValueComputation "An algorithm for computing the absolute value function on a numerical value.") (#$isa #$AbsoluteValueComputation #$Algorithm) (#$isa #$AbsoluteValueComputation #$FunctionalAlgorithm) (#$isa #$AbsoluteValueComputation #$Individual) (#$arg1Isa #$AbsoluteValueFn #$ScalarInterval) (#$argIsa #$AbsoluteValueFn 1 #$ScalarInterval) (#$argIsa #$AbsoluteValueFn 1 #$ScalarInterval) (#$arity #$AbsoluteValueFn 1) (#$comment #$AbsoluteValueFn "#$AbsoluteValueFn is the unary mathematical function that returns the absolute value of its argument; e.g., (#$AbsoluteValueFn -2) returns 2, and (#$AbsoluteValueFn 2) returns 2.") (#$isa #$AbsoluteValueFn #$CoreConstant) (#$isa #$AbsoluteValueFn #$EvaluatableFunction) (#$isa #$AbsoluteValueFn #$FunctionFromQuantitiesToQuantities) (#$isa #$AbsoluteValueFn #$UnaryFunction) (#$resultIsa #$AbsoluteValueFn #$NonNegativeScalarInterval) (#$resultIsa #$AbsoluteValueFn #$NonNegativeScalarInterval) (#$comment #$AbstractInformationalThing "A specialization of #$IntangibleIndividual and #$InformationStore. #$AbstractInformationalThing is a heterogeneous collection of abstract repositories of information. #$AbstractInformationalThing is a generalization not only of #$Proposition, but also the collections #$Sentence, #$CharacterString, #$AtomicSymbol-Abstract, #$Microtheory, #$PropositionalInformationThing, and #$ConceptualWork. Each instance of #$AbstractInformationalThing is an abstract individual and most instances of this collection can have multiple concrete \"embodiments\". For example, a single instance of #$Sentence can be written on several pieces of paper (see #$instantiationOfAIS); a #$PropositionalInformationThing may be the content of several concrete documents, such as several instances of #$BookCopy (see #$containsInfoPropositional-IBT); and several distinct events, such as spoken utterances, may have a certain unique #$Proposition as their content (see #$containsInformation). Note that some instances of #$AbstractInformationalThing have temporal extent. Examples include all instances of #$DevisedPracticeOrWork, such as the instances of #$Novel-CW and #$Movie-CW. Other specializations of #$AbstractInformationalThing are disjoint with #$TemporalThing. Examples include all instances of #$Character-Abstract and #$Proposition.") (#$disjointWith #$AbstractInformationalThing (#$GroupFn #$PurposefulAction)) (#$genls #$AbstractInformationalThing #$Individual) (#$genls #$AbstractInformationalThing #$InformationStore) (#$genls #$AbstractInformationalThing #$IntangibleIndividual) (#$genls #$AbstractInformationalThing (#$CollectionUnionFn (#$TheSet #$AttributeValue #$AbstractInformationalThing))) (#$isa #$AbstractInformationalThing #$StuffType) (#$comment #$AbstractInformationStructure "A specialization of #$AbstractInformationalThing. Each instance of #$AbstractInformationStructure is an abstract individual comprising abstract symbols and relations between them. Important specializations of this collection include #$CharacterString and #$Sentence. #$AbstractInformationStructure also includes abstract diagrams, graphs, and bit strings. The collection can be more precisely defined as follows: Each #$AbstractInformationStructure is such that each of its physical instantiations (see #$instantiationOfAIS) consists of instantiations of instances of #$AtomicSymbol-Abstract, arranged in a certain way. For example, the abstract sentence 'The pig flies' is an #$AbstractInformationStructure. Each written instantiation of it consists of an instantiation of the words (symbols) 'The', 'pig' and 'flies', written in that order. (If the #$AbstractInformationStructure 'The pig flies' were spoken, the same words would appear in the same order, i.e. 'The' first, etc., but the sequence would be determined by the arrangement of the spoken words in time, rather than space.) Likewise with abstract diagrams, graphs, etc. Each of these is such that its physical instantiations consist of arrangements of instantiations of instances of #$AtomicSymbol-Abstract. A hard copy of a wiring diagram consists of a group of concrete symbols representing various circuit components, in which these symbols are spatially arranged in a certain in way. The arrangement of the concrete symbols in an instantiation of an #$AbstractInformationStructure is not always a simple matter of arrangement in space or time. The sequence of symbols '0010010111011001' can be instantiated in written, spoken, or electronic forms. In the last case, the order of the symbols is determined by conventions concerning the electronic medium in which it is stored, rather than by any common criterion for precedence or subsequence in space or time.") (#$genls #$AbstractInformationStructure #$AbstractInformationalThing) (#$genls #$AbstractInformationStructure #$Individual) (#$isa #$AbstractInformationStructure #$Collection) (#$isa #$AbstractInformationStructure #$FirstOrderCollection) (#$comment #$AbstractProgrammingLanguage "A specialization of #$ComputerLanguage, #$AbstractProgrammingLanguage is the collection of languages invented for the purpose of composing computer programs (i.e., instances of #$ComputerProgram-CW), as opposed to merely facilitating interaction between pieces of software or indicating how to represent pieces of text. Thus, #$ComputerLanguages such as #$Lisp are instances of #$AbstractProgrammingLanguage, whereas #$ComputerLanguages such as #$HypertextMarkupLanguage are not.") (#$genls #$AbstractProgrammingLanguage #$ComputerLanguage) (#$genls #$AbstractProgrammingLanguage #$Individual) (#$isa #$AbstractProgrammingLanguage #$ConventionalClassificationType) (#$isa #$AbstractProgrammingLanguage #$ObjectType) (#$comment #$AbstractShapeType "A collection of collections. An instance SHAPE of #$ShapeType (q.v.) is also an instance of #$AbstractShapeType if and only if SHAPE is a specialization of #$GeometricThing-Abstract. Since all of the instances of a given instance of #$AbstractShapeType are abstract, the collection #$AbstractShapeType is disjoint with #$GenericShapeType (q.v.), which is the collection of those collections that are instances of #$ShapeType, some of whose instances are abstract, and some of whose instances are localized (note that there is no collection `LocalizedShapeType').") (#$disjointWith #$AbstractShapeType #$GenericShapeType) (#$genls #$AbstractShapeType #$ShapeType) (#$isa #$AbstractShapeType #$CollectionType) (#$isa #$AbstractShapeType #$SecondOrderCollection) (#$typeGenls #$AbstractShapeType #$GeometricThing-Abstract) (#$typeGenls #$AbstractShapeType #$GeometricThing-Abstract) (#$genls (#$AbstractShapeTypeFn #$Circle) #$Circle) (#$genls (#$AbstractShapeTypeFn #$CylinderShape) #$CylinderShape) (#$genls (#$AbstractShapeTypeFn #$Circle) #$GeometricallyDescribableThing) (#$genls (#$AbstractShapeTypeFn #$CylinderShape) #$GeometricallyDescribableThing) (#$genls (#$AbstractShapeTypeFn #$Rectangular3DShape) #$GeometricallyDescribableThing) (#$genls (#$AbstractShapeTypeFn #$Sphere) #$GeometricallyDescribableThing) (#$genls (#$AbstractShapeTypeFn #$Circle) #$GeometricThing-Abstract) (#$genls (#$AbstractShapeTypeFn #$CylinderShape) #$GeometricThing-Abstract) (#$genls (#$AbstractShapeTypeFn #$Rectangular3DShape) #$GeometricThing-Abstract) (#$genls (#$AbstractShapeTypeFn #$Sphere) #$GeometricThing-Abstract) (#$genls (#$AbstractShapeTypeFn #$Circle) #$Individual) (#$genls (#$AbstractShapeTypeFn #$CylinderShape) #$Individual) (#$genls (#$AbstractShapeTypeFn #$Rectangular3DShape) #$Individual) (#$genls (#$AbstractShapeTypeFn #$Sphere) #$Individual) (#$genls (#$AbstractShapeTypeFn #$Rectangular3DShape) #$Rectangular3DShape) (#$genls (#$AbstractShapeTypeFn #$Sphere) #$Sphere) (#$isa (#$AbstractShapeTypeFn #$Circle) #$AbstractShapeType) (#$isa (#$AbstractShapeTypeFn #$CylinderShape) #$AbstractShapeType) (#$isa (#$AbstractShapeTypeFn #$Rectangular3DShape) #$AbstractShapeType) (#$isa (#$AbstractShapeTypeFn #$Sphere) #$AbstractShapeType) (#$isa (#$AbstractShapeTypeFn #$Circle) #$ShapeType) (#$isa (#$AbstractShapeTypeFn #$CylinderShape) #$ShapeType) (#$isa (#$AbstractShapeTypeFn #$Rectangular3DShape) #$ShapeType) (#$isa (#$AbstractShapeTypeFn #$Sphere) #$ShapeType) (#$arg1Genl #$AbstractShapeTypeFn #$GeometricallyDescribableThing) (#$arg1Genl #$AbstractShapeTypeFn #$GeometricallyDescribableThing) (#$arg1Isa #$AbstractShapeTypeFn #$GenericShapeType) (#$arg1Isa #$AbstractShapeTypeFn #$GenericShapeType) (#$argGenl #$AbstractShapeTypeFn 1 #$GeometricallyDescribableThing) (#$argGenl #$AbstractShapeTypeFn 1 #$GeometricallyDescribableThing) (#$argGenl #$AbstractShapeTypeFn 1 #$GeometricallyDescribableThing) (#$argIsa #$AbstractShapeTypeFn 1 #$GenericShapeType) (#$argIsa #$AbstractShapeTypeFn 1 #$GenericShapeType) (#$argIsa #$AbstractShapeTypeFn 1 #$GenericShapeType) (#$arity #$AbstractShapeTypeFn 1) (#$comment #$AbstractShapeTypeFn "An instance of #$CollectionDenotingFunction and #$UnaryIntersectionFunction. This function returns an instance of #$AbstractShapeType (hence a specialization of #$GeometricThing-Abstract) when applied to specializations of #$GeometricallyDescribableThing that are instances of #$GenericShapeType. The range of this function includes collections of abstract circles, squares, cubes, lines, points and other objects that are traditionally studied in the field of pure geometry. Note that #$Circle is not a specialization of #$GeometricThing-Abstract, but of #$GeometricallyDescribableThing, so that the circles that are the objects of study of geometry are instances of (#$AbstractShapeTypeFn #$Circle).") (#$isa #$AbstractShapeTypeFn #$CollectionDenotingFunction) (#$isa #$AbstractShapeTypeFn #$CollectionDenotingFunction) (#$isa #$AbstractShapeTypeFn #$UnaryIntersectionFunction) (#$resultGenl #$AbstractShapeTypeFn #$GeometricallyDescribableThing) (#$resultGenl #$AbstractShapeTypeFn #$GeometricallyDescribableThing) (#$resultGenl #$AbstractShapeTypeFn #$GeometricThing-Abstract) (#$resultGenl #$AbstractShapeTypeFn #$Individual) (#$resultGenlArg #$AbstractShapeTypeFn 1) (#$resultGenlArg #$AbstractShapeTypeFn 1) (#$resultIsa #$AbstractShapeTypeFn #$AbstractShapeType) (#$resultIsa #$AbstractShapeTypeFn #$ShapeType) (#$comment #$AcademicOrganizationVocabularyMt "The #$VocabularyMicrotheory for #$AcademicOrganizationMt.") (#$genlMt #$AcademicOrganizationVocabularyMt #$BaseKB) (#$genlMt #$AcademicOrganizationVocabularyMt #$HumanSocialLifeMt) (#$isa #$AcademicOrganizationVocabularyMt #$VocabularyMicrotheory) (#$comment #$AcademicProfessional "A subcollection of #$PersonWithOccupation. Each instance of #$AcademicProfessional is a person whose job is to educate and/or perform research as an affiliate of an academic institution. This includes members of the teaching and/or research staffs of schools, colleges, universities, and research institutes.") (#$genls #$AcademicProfessional #$Individual) (#$genls #$AcademicProfessional #$PersonWithOccupation) (#$isa #$AcademicProfessional #$PersonTypeByOccupation) (#$siblingDisjointExceptions #$AcademicProfessional #$Scientist) (#$comment #$AcademicQuarter "Each instance of this collection is a #$TimeInterval defined by some educational institution: one quarter of their #$AcademicYear. Since the start dates, end dates, and duration may all vary depending on the institution, the year, etc., instances of this collection must unfortunately be time intervals like StanfordSpringQuarter1991.") (#$disjointWith #$AcademicQuarter #$TimePoint) (#$genls #$AcademicQuarter #$Individual) (#$genls #$AcademicQuarter #$TimeInterval) (#$isa #$AcademicQuarter #$TemporalObjectType) (#$comment #$AcademicSemester "A specialization of #$TimeInterval. Each instance of #$AcademicSemester is one of two semesters in some educational institution's academic year (see the collection #$AcademicYear). Instances of #$AcademicSemester include Boston University's 1989 Spring Semester and the University of Texas at Austin's 1998 Fall Semester.") (#$disjointWith #$AcademicSemester #$AcademicYear) (#$disjointWith #$AcademicSemester #$CalendarHalfCentury) (#$disjointWith #$AcademicSemester #$CalendarYear) (#$disjointWith #$AcademicSemester #$FiscalYear) (#$genls #$AcademicSemester #$Individual) (#$genls #$AcademicSemester #$TimeInterval) (#$isa #$AcademicSemester #$TemporalObjectType) (#$comment #$AcademicTrimester "Each instance of this collection is a #$TimeInterval defined by some educational institution: one third of their #$AcademicYear. Since the start dates, end dates, and duration may all vary depending on the institution and year, instances of this collection must unfortunately be time intervals like UCLASpringTrimester1990-91.") (#$genls #$AcademicTrimester #$Individual) (#$genls #$AcademicTrimester #$TimeInterval) (#$isa #$AcademicTrimester #$TemporalObjectType) (#$comment #$AcademicYear "Each instance of this collection is an annually recurring #$TimeInterval defined by an educational institution. Since the start dates, end dates, and duration may all vary depending on the institution, the year, etc., instances of this collection must unfortunately be time intervals like Stanford1989-90AcademicYear.") (#$genls #$AcademicYear #$Individual) (#$genls #$AcademicYear #$TimeInterval) (#$isa #$AcademicYear #$TemporalObjectType) (#$comment #$Acceleration "Acceleration is the change in speed of an object per unit time. It is a measurable physical quantity, measured in units such as MilesPerHourPerSecond.") (#$genls #$Acceleration #$Rate) (#$isa #$Acceleration #$AtemporalNecessarilyEssentialCollectionType) (#$isa #$Acceleration #$DerivedNumericScalarIntervalType) (#$arg1Isa #$accessibleFromInSystem #$Thing) (#$arg1Isa #$accessibleFromInSystem #$Thing) (#$arg2Isa #$accessibleFromInSystem #$Thing) (#$arg2Isa #$accessibleFromInSystem #$Thing) (#$arg3Isa #$accessibleFromInSystem #$Semi-DirectedPathSystem) (#$arg3Isa #$accessibleFromInSystem #$Semi-DirectedPathSystem) (#$argIsa #$accessibleFromInSystem 3 #$Semi-DirectedPathSystem) (#$argIsa #$accessibleFromInSystem 3 #$Semi-DirectedPathSystem) (#$argIsa #$accessibleFromInSystem 3 #$Semi-DirectedPathSystem) (#$argIsa #$accessibleFromInSystem 1 #$Thing) (#$argIsa #$accessibleFromInSystem 1 #$Thing) (#$argIsa #$accessibleFromInSystem 1 #$Thing) (#$argIsa #$accessibleFromInSystem 2 #$Thing) (#$argIsa #$accessibleFromInSystem 2 #$Thing) (#$argIsa #$accessibleFromInSystem 2 #$Thing) (#$arity #$accessibleFromInSystem 3) (#$comment #$accessibleFromInSystem "(#$accessibleFromInSystem X Y SYS) means that X is accessible from Y in the #$Semi-DirectedPathSystem SYS, which in turn means that either X = Y or there is a path PATH from Y to X in SYS, i.e., (#$pathFromToInSystem PATH Y X SYS) holds. Note that if we fix a #$Semi-DirectedPathSystem SYS, the relation #$accessibleFromInSystem is reflexive and transitive (i.e., a quasi-order). If we fix a #$BidirectedPathSystem SYS, this relation is an equivalence relation, the same as #$connectedInSystem.") (#$genlPreds #$accessibleFromInSystem #$connectedInSystem) (#$isa #$accessibleFromInSystem #$PathSystemCycLConstant) (#$isa #$accessibleFromInSystem #$TernaryPredicate) (#$comment #$AccessingAnIBT "A specialization of both #$InformationTransferEvent and #$PurposefulAction. Each instance of #$AccessingAnIBT is an action by which an agent accesses the content of some instance(s) of #$InformationBearingThing. Examples include (getting information from) reading a newspaper, watching a film, listening to a musical performance, decoding an encrypted message, seeing a traffic police officer wave one on, or hearing one's roommate ask one to take out the trash.") (#$genls #$AccessingAnIBT #$Individual) (#$genls #$AccessingAnIBT #$InformationTransferEvent) (#$genls #$AccessingAnIBT #$PurposefulAction) (#$genls #$AccessingAnIBT #$TransferIn) (#$isa #$AccessingAnIBT #$DefaultDisjointScriptType) (#$isa #$AccessingAnIBT #$TemporalObjectType) (#$siblingDisjointExceptions #$AccessingAnIBT #$BodyMovementEvent) (#$siblingDisjointExceptions #$AccessingAnIBT #$GenerationOrConversionEvent) (#$siblingDisjointExceptions #$AccessingAnIBT #$Hearing) (#$siblingDisjointExceptions #$AccessingAnIBT #$InformationGathering) (#$siblingDisjointExceptions #$AccessingAnIBT #$Talking) (#$siblingDisjointExceptions #$AccessingAnIBT #$Transaction) (#$comment #$AccessingScriptType "A collection of collections. Each instance of #$AccessingScriptType is a type (i.e., a collection) of actions by which an agent may come to possess, or gain user rights to, some tangible thing. Instances of #$AccessingScriptType include the collections #$Buying, #$Renting, and #$BorrowingSomething.") (#$disjointWith #$AccessingScriptType #$MicrotheoryType) (#$genls #$AccessingScriptType #$TemporalObjectType) (#$isa #$AccessingScriptType #$CollectionType) (#$isa #$AccessingScriptType #$CollectionType) (#$isa #$AccessingScriptType #$SecondOrderCollection) (#$isa #$AccessingScriptType #$SiblingDisjointCollectionType) (#$typeGenls #$AccessingScriptType #$GeneralizedTransfer) (#$comment #$AccessNumber "A specialization of #$PhoneNumber. Each instance of #$AccessNumber is a string that a user with #$Internet connections uses to connect to his/her #$InternetServiceProvider.") (#$genls #$AccessNumber #$List) (#$genls #$AccessNumber #$PhoneNumber) (#$isa #$AccessNumber #$IDStringType) (#$isa #$AccessNumber #$ObjectType) (#$comment #$Account "An instance of #$ObjectType and a specialization of #$LegalAgreement. Each instance of #$Account is a recorded obligation (of some particular type) between specified parties, consisting of \"funds\" (not necessarily monetary funds) which typically can be added to and drawn upon. Positive examples include instances of #$RetirementAccount, #$TravelExpenseAccount, and of the many types of #$FinancialAccount. Note that the contents of an account need not be monetary; for example, the contents may be amounts of time, as in the specializations #$VacationAccount and #$SickLeaveAccount. #$Account does not include debt obligations of fixed face value that cannot be increased or reduced (such as instances of #$Bond-Agreement).") (#$disjointWith #$Account #$Visa-Permit) (#$genls #$Account #$AuthorizedAgreement) (#$genls #$Account #$LegalAgreement) (#$genls #$Account #$PropositionalInformationThing) (#$isa #$Account #$AccountType) (#$isa #$Account #$TemporalStuffType) (#$arg1Format #$accountAdministrator #$openEntryFormatInArgs) (#$arg1Isa #$accountAdministrator #$Account) (#$arg1Isa #$accountAdministrator #$Account) (#$arg2Format #$accountAdministrator #$singleEntryFormatInArgs) (#$arg2Isa #$accountAdministrator #$Agent) (#$arg2Isa #$accountAdministrator #$Agent) (#$argFormat #$accountAdministrator 1 #$openEntryFormatInArgs) (#$argFormat #$accountAdministrator 2 #$singleEntryFormatInArgs) (#$argIsa #$accountAdministrator 1 #$Account) (#$argIsa #$accountAdministrator 1 #$Account) (#$argIsa #$accountAdministrator 1 #$Account) (#$argIsa #$accountAdministrator 2 #$Agent) (#$argIsa #$accountAdministrator 2 #$Agent) (#$argIsa #$accountAdministrator 2 #$Agent) (#$arity #$accountAdministrator 2) (#$comment #$accountAdministrator "The predicate #$accountAdministrator identifies the agent who administers a particular account (i.e. recorded obligation of some particular type between specified parties). (#$accountAdministrator ACCT AGENT) means that the #$Account ACCT is administered by the individual or organization (often a bank) AGENT. See also #$AccountManager.") (#$functionalInArgs #$accountAdministrator 2) (#$genlInverse #$accountAdministrator #$usesObject) (#$genlPreds #$accountAdministrator #$temporallyIntersects) (#$isa #$accountAdministrator #$BinaryPredicate) (#$isa #$accountAdministrator #$FunctionalPredicate) (#$isa #$accountAdministrator #$IntangibleObjectPredicate) (#$negationPreds #$accountAdministrator #$accountHolder) (#$arg1Isa #$accountBalance #$FinancialAccount) (#$arg2Format #$accountBalance #$IntervalEntry) (#$arg2Isa #$accountBalance #$MonetaryValue) (#$argFormat #$accountBalance 2 #$IntervalEntry) (#$argIsa #$accountBalance 1 #$FinancialAccount) (#$argIsa #$accountBalance 1 #$FinancialAccount) (#$argIsa #$accountBalance 2 #$MonetaryValue) (#$argIsa #$accountBalance 2 #$MonetaryValue) (#$arity #$accountBalance 2) (#$comment #$accountBalance "The predicate #$accountBalance is used to indicate the balance of a particular account. (#$accountBalance ACCT BAL) means that the #$FinancialAccount ACCT has the balance BAL; BAL is the amount of #$MonetaryValue either owed by, or available to, the #$accountHolder (depending upon the type of account).") (#$functionalInArgs #$accountBalance 2) (#$isa #$accountBalance #$BinaryPredicate) (#$isa #$accountBalance #$IntervalBasedQuantitySlot) (#$arg1Isa #$accountHolder #$Account) (#$arg1Isa #$accountHolder #$Account) (#$arg2Format #$accountHolder #$SetTheFormat) (#$arg2Isa #$accountHolder #$Agent) (#$arg2Isa #$accountHolder #$Agent) (#$argFormat #$accountHolder 2 #$SetTheFormat) (#$argIsa #$accountHolder 1 #$Account) (#$argIsa #$accountHolder 1 #$Account) (#$argIsa #$accountHolder 1 #$Account) (#$argIsa #$accountHolder 2 #$Agent) (#$argIsa #$accountHolder 2 #$Agent) (#$argIsa #$accountHolder 2 #$Agent) (#$arity #$accountHolder 2) (#$comment #$accountHolder "A binary predicate which relates instances of #$Agent to instances of #$Account. (#$accountHolder ACCT AGENT) means that the account ACCT is held by the individual or organization AGENT; thus, money (or some other valuable such as vacation leave) is owed to or from AGENT in the amount shown in the account (see #$accountBalance), and can be added to or drawn upon.") (#$genlInverse #$accountHolder #$awareOf) (#$genlInverse #$accountHolder #$positiveVestedInterest) (#$isa #$accountHolder #$CotemporalObjectsSlot) (#$comment #$AccountSystem "#$AccountSystem is a specialization of #$ComputerNetwork. Each instance of #$AccountSystem is a computational system which is such that users must log on to it to make use of it. Instances of #$AccountSystem can consist of one or many nodes (i.e. computers). Each node in an #$AccountSystem shares a given set of accounts with any other nodes in that #$AccountSystem (such that someone with an account can log in at any node). See also #$nodeInAccountSystem, #$accountForSystem, and #$ComputerAccount.") (#$genls #$AccountSystem #$ComputerNetwork) (#$genls #$AccountSystem #$Individual) (#$isa #$AccountSystem #$ExistingObjectType) (#$arg1Isa #$accountSystemOnNetwork #$AccountSystem) (#$arg1Isa #$accountSystemOnNetwork #$AccountSystem) (#$arg2Isa #$accountSystemOnNetwork #$ComputerNetwork) (#$arg2Isa #$accountSystemOnNetwork #$ComputerNetwork) (#$argIsa #$accountSystemOnNetwork 1 #$AccountSystem) (#$argIsa #$accountSystemOnNetwork 1 #$AccountSystem) (#$argIsa #$accountSystemOnNetwork 1 #$AccountSystem) (#$argIsa #$accountSystemOnNetwork 2 #$ComputerNetwork) (#$argIsa #$accountSystemOnNetwork 2 #$ComputerNetwork) (#$argIsa #$accountSystemOnNetwork 2 #$ComputerNetwork) (#$arity #$accountSystemOnNetwork 2) (#$comment #$accountSystemOnNetwork "A binary predicate that relates instances of #$AccountSystem to instances of #$ComputerNetwork. (#$accountSystemOnNetwork SYSTEM NETWORK) means that SYSTEM is an instance of #$AccountSystem such that either (#$nodeInSystem SYSTEM NETWORK) holds or (#$subNetwork NETWORK SYSTEM) holds.") (#$genlPreds #$accountSystemOnNetwork #$temporallyIntersects) (#$isa #$accountSystemOnNetwork #$IrreflexiveBinaryPredicate) (#$comment #$AccountType "A collection of collections and a specialization of #$ObjectType. Each instance of #$AccountType is a collection of financial accounts of the same type. Instances of #$AccountType include #$SavingsAccount, #$CreditCardAccount, #$RetirementAccount, #$SocialSecurityAccount, and #$TravelExpenseAccount.") (#$genls #$AccountType #$ObjectType) (#$isa #$AccountType #$AtemporalNecessarilyEssentialCollectionType) (#$isa #$AccountType #$CollectionType) (#$isa #$AccountType #$CollectionType) (#$isa #$AccountType #$SecondOrderCollection) (#$isa #$AccountType #$SiblingDisjointCollectionType) (#$arg1Isa #$acknowledgedAct #$Acknowledging-CommunicationAct) (#$arg1Isa #$acknowledgedAct #$Acknowledging-CommunicationAct) (#$arg2Isa #$acknowledgedAct #$CommunicationAct-Single) (#$arg2Isa #$acknowledgedAct #$CommunicationAct-Single) (#$argIsa #$acknowledgedAct 1 #$Acknowledging-CommunicationAct) (#$argIsa #$acknowledgedAct 1 #$Acknowledging-CommunicationAct) (#$argIsa #$acknowledgedAct 1 #$Acknowledging-CommunicationAct) (#$argIsa #$acknowledgedAct 2 #$CommunicationAct-Single) (#$argIsa #$acknowledgedAct 2 #$CommunicationAct-Single) (#$argIsa #$acknowledgedAct 2 #$CommunicationAct-Single) (#$arity #$acknowledgedAct 2) (#$comment #$acknowledgedAct "(#$acknowledgedAct ACKACT COMACT) means that the #$CommunicationAct-Single COMACT is acknowledged and replied-to by the responsive #$Acknowledging-CommunicationAct ACKACT. Particular acceptances or rejections of a particular project proposal would involve examples of this predicate, as would a person responding to a wedding invitation, or a court responding to a motion. See also #$acknowledgementOf which refers to the abstract content of the communication.") (#$genlInverse #$acknowledgedAct #$postEvents) (#$genlPreds #$acknowledgedAct #$startsAfterStartingOf) (#$isa #$acknowledgedAct #$AntiTransitiveBinaryPredicate) (#$isa #$acknowledgedAct #$AsymmetricBinaryPredicate) (#$negationInverse #$acknowledgedAct #$acknowledgedAct) (#$relationAllExists #$acknowledgedAct #$Acknowledging-CommunicationAct #$CommunicationAct-Single) (#$comment #$Acknowledging-CommunicationAct "A specialization of #$CommunicationAct-Single. Each instance of this collection is an action that conveys information to the effect that the performing agent has received some prior #$CommunicationAct-Single (which was performed by another agent). An example is Joan saying, `I hear you' in response to Bette's exclaiming, `What a dump!'") (#$genls #$Acknowledging-CommunicationAct #$CommunicationAct-Single) (#$genls #$Acknowledging-CommunicationAct #$Individual) (#$isa #$Acknowledging-CommunicationAct #$DefaultDisjointScriptType) (#$isa #$Acknowledging-CommunicationAct #$TemporalObjectType) (#$subEventTypes #$Acknowledging-CommunicationAct #$IBTGeneration-Original) (#$arg1Format #$acquaintedWith #$SetTheFormat) (#$arg1Isa #$acquaintedWith #$IndividualAgent) (#$arg1Isa #$acquaintedWith #$IndividualAgent) (#$arg2Format #$acquaintedWith #$SetTheFormat) (#$arg2Isa #$acquaintedWith #$IndividualAgent) (#$arg2Isa #$acquaintedWith #$IndividualAgent) (#$argFormat #$acquaintedWith 1 #$SetTheFormat) (#$argFormat #$acquaintedWith 2 #$SetTheFormat) (#$argIsa #$acquaintedWith 1 #$IndividualAgent) (#$argIsa #$acquaintedWith 1 #$IndividualAgent) (#$argIsa #$acquaintedWith 1 #$IndividualAgent) (#$argIsa #$acquaintedWith 2 #$IndividualAgent) (#$argIsa #$acquaintedWith 2 #$IndividualAgent) (#$argIsa #$acquaintedWith 2 #$IndividualAgent) (#$arity #$acquaintedWith 2) (#$comment #$acquaintedWith "This predicate relates an agent to other agents with whom s/he is acquainted. (#$acquaintedWith AGENT1 AGENT2) means that AGENT1 is acquainted with AGENT2 in the sense that AGENT1 has met, has knowingly come into physical contact with, or has knowingly communicated (bi-directionally) with AGENT2. Typically, this means that AGENT1 is aware of some facts about AGENT2 and can recognize AGENT2 by appearance, voice, or some other physical characteristic. Note that #$acquaintedWith is _not_ symmetric: it is possible for AGENT1 to be #$acquaintedWith AGENT2 and not vice versa. This would be the case (e.g.) if AGENT2 is nonsentient (cf. #$SentientAnimal) or comatose, and thus incapable of recognizing AGENT1. Another (arguable) example of asymmetric acquaintance is where AGENT1 is \"introduced\" to AGENT2 while (the former is) in disguise and using a faked identity.") (#$genlInverseWRTTypes #$acquaintedWith #$acquaintedWith #$IntelligentAgent #$IntelligentAgent) (#$genlPreds #$acquaintedWith #$awareOf) (#$genlPreds #$acquaintedWith #$temporallyIntersects) (#$isa #$acquaintedWith #$BinaryPredicate) (#$isa #$acquaintedWith #$CotemporalObjectsSlot) (#$isa #$acquaintedWith #$ReflexiveBinaryPredicate) (#$comment #$Action "The collection of #$Events (q.v.) that are carried out by some \"doer\" (see #$doneBy). Instances of #$Action include any event in which one or more actors effect some change in the (tangible or intangible) state of the world, typically by an expenditure of effort or energy. Note that it is not required that any tangible object be moved, changed, produced, or destroyed for an action to occur; the effects of an action might be intangible (such as a change in a bank balance or the intimidation of a subordinate). Note also that the doer of an action, though typically an #$Agent (q.v.), need not be (e.g. a falling rock that dents a car's roof). Depending upon the context, doers of actions might be animate or inanimate, conscious or nonconscious. For actions that are intentional, see #$PurposefulAction and #$performedBy.") (#$genls #$Action #$Event) (#$genls #$Action #$Individual) (#$isa #$Action #$AnimalCapabilityType) (#$isa #$Action #$TemporalObjectType) (#$arg1Isa #$actionExpressesFeeling #$Action) (#$arg2Genl #$actionExpressesFeeling #$FeelingAttribute) (#$arg2Isa #$actionExpressesFeeling #$FeelingType) (#$argGenl #$actionExpressesFeeling 2 #$FeelingAttribute) (#$argGenl #$actionExpressesFeeling 2 #$FeelingAttribute) (#$argIsa #$actionExpressesFeeling 1 #$Action) (#$argIsa #$actionExpressesFeeling 1 #$Action) (#$argIsa #$actionExpressesFeeling 2 #$FeelingType) (#$argIsa #$actionExpressesFeeling 2 #$FeelingType) (#$arity #$actionExpressesFeeling 2) (#$comment #$actionExpressesFeeling "(#$actionExpressesFeeling ACT EMOTYPE) means that the particular action ACT actually expresses the doer's feeling of EMOTYPE. Note: additional complications arise in using this in inference, as people can `fake' actions such as laughing, crying, etc., to mislead other people. See also #$actionExpressesFeelingToward. If one wishes to make statements about tendencies rather than actual expressions, e.g. ``smiling tends to express happiness'', see #$actionTypeExpressesFeeling.") (#$isa #$actionExpressesFeeling #$BinaryPredicate) (#$comment #$ActionOnObject "A specialization of both #$Action and #$PhysicalEvent; the collection of physical events in which some doer acts on an object. Each instance of #$ActionOnObject is an action in which both the roles of #$doneBy and #$objectActedOn (qq.v.) are filled. Examples include someone typing on a keyboard and a tornado destroying a building. Non-examples include a person dancing and wind blowing.") (#$genls #$ActionOnObject #$Action) (#$genls #$ActionOnObject #$Individual) (#$genls #$ActionOnObject #$PhysicalEvent) (#$isa #$ActionOnObject #$TemporalObjectType) (#$requiredArg1Pred #$ActionOnObject #$objectActedOn) (#$comment #$ActionPredicate "A specialization of #$EventPredicate (q.v.). Each instance of #$ActionPredicate is a predicate used to make an assertion about an action performed intentionally by an agent. The first argument to each instance of #$ActionPredicate will be the \"agentive force\" of the action, and the remaining arguments will be \"objects\" that the agentive force interacts with in some way. The representation of actions in terms of #$ActionPredicates is an alternative to the Davidsonian-style representation of actions in which the \"participants\" in actions are related to the reified individual actions in which they participate (for that alternative, see #$Role and #$ActorSlot). Important specializations of #$ActionPredicate include #$SimpleActionPredicate and #$ComplexActionPredicate (qq.v.).") (#$genls #$ActionPredicate #$EventPredicate) (#$genls #$ActionPredicate #$Predicate) (#$isa #$ActionPredicate #$AtemporalNecessarilyEssentialCollectionType) (#$isa #$ActionPredicate #$PredicateCategory) (#$arg1Isa #$actionSequence #$List) (#$argIsa #$actionSequence 1 #$List) (#$argIsa #$actionSequence 1 #$List) (#$arity #$actionSequence 1) (#$comment #$actionSequence "(#$actionSequence (#$TheList FORM_1 FORM_2 ... FORM_n)) means that the actions described by the action formulas FORM_i were performed in the order indicated. Each FORM_i should be an atomic formula whose predicate is an instance of #$ActionPredicate.") (#$genlPreds #$actionSequence #$eventSequence) (#$isa #$actionSequence #$UnaryPredicate) (#$comment #$ActivityTypeFocusGroup "#$ActivityTypeFocusGroup is a specialization of #$Organization. Each instance of #$ActivityTypeFocusGroup is an organization which focuses on some type of activity, such as stamp collecting or sailing.") (#$disjointWith #$ActivityTypeFocusGroup #$Court-Judicial) (#$disjointWith #$ActivityTypeFocusGroup #$FinancialOrganization) (#$disjointWith #$ActivityTypeFocusGroup #$FoodAndBeverageOrganization) (#$disjointWith #$ActivityTypeFocusGroup #$InsuranceOrganization) (#$disjointWith #$ActivityTypeFocusGroup #$ManufacturingOrganization) (#$disjointWith #$ActivityTypeFocusGroup #$TransportationOrganization) (#$disjointWith #$ActivityTypeFocusGroup #$TravelOrganization) (#$genls #$ActivityTypeFocusGroup #$Individual) (#$genls #$ActivityTypeFocusGroup #$Organization) (#$isa #$ActivityTypeFocusGroup #$ExistingObjectType) (#$arg1Format #$actorPartsAffected #$SetTheFormat) (#$arg1Isa #$actorPartsAffected #$Event) (#$arg1Isa #$actorPartsAffected #$Event) (#$arg2Format #$actorPartsAffected #$SetTheFormat) (#$arg2Isa #$actorPartsAffected #$AnimalBodyPart) (#$arg2Isa #$actorPartsAffected #$AnimalBodyPart) (#$arg2Isa #$actorPartsAffected #$OrganismPart) (#$arg2Isa #$actorPartsAffected #$OrganismPart) (#$argFormat #$actorPartsAffected 1 #$SetTheFormat) (#$argFormat #$actorPartsAffected 2 #$SetTheFormat) (#$argIsa #$actorPartsAffected 2 #$AnimalBodyPart) (#$argIsa #$actorPartsAffected 2 #$AnimalBodyPart) (#$argIsa #$actorPartsAffected 2 #$AnimalBodyPart) (#$argIsa #$actorPartsAffected 1 #$Event) (#$argIsa #$actorPartsAffected 1 #$Event) (#$argIsa #$actorPartsAffected 1 #$Event) (#$argIsa #$actorPartsAffected 2 #$OrganismPart) (#$argIsa #$actorPartsAffected 2 #$OrganismPart) (#$argIsa #$actorPartsAffected 2 #$OrganismPart) (#$arity #$actorPartsAffected 2) (#$comment #$actorPartsAffected "(#$actorPartsAffected ACT PART) means that PART is an #$objectActedOn in ACT, and it is one of the #$anatomicalParts of the organism which is #$bodilyActedOn in ACT. For example, during a man's morning shave, his #$Beard is an #$actorPartsAffected, but the hand with which he shaves is not, because his beard is changed, but his hand is not changed (`acted on') in any significant way.") (#$genlPreds #$actorPartsAffected #$nonDeliberateActors) (#$genlPreds #$actorPartsAffected #$objectActedOn) (#$isa #$actorPartsAffected #$ActorSlot) (#$relationAllExists #$actorPartsAffected #$Surgery #$AnimalBodyPart) (#$arg1Format #$actorPartsInvolved #$SetTheFormat) (#$arg1Isa #$actorPartsInvolved #$Event) (#$arg1Isa #$actorPartsInvolved #$Event) (#$arg2Format #$actorPartsInvolved #$SetTheFormat) (#$arg2Isa #$actorPartsInvolved #$OrganismPart) (#$arg2Isa #$actorPartsInvolved #$OrganismPart) (#$argFormat #$actorPartsInvolved 1 #$SetTheFormat) (#$argFormat #$actorPartsInvolved 2 #$SetTheFormat) (#$argIsa #$actorPartsInvolved 1 #$Event) (#$argIsa #$actorPartsInvolved 1 #$Event) (#$argIsa #$actorPartsInvolved 1 #$Event) (#$argIsa #$actorPartsInvolved 2 #$OrganismPart) (#$argIsa #$actorPartsInvolved 2 #$OrganismPart) (#$argIsa #$actorPartsInvolved 2 #$OrganismPart) (#$arity #$actorPartsInvolved 2) (#$comment #$actorPartsInvolved "(#$actorPartsInvolved ACT PART) means that PART is one of the parts (see the predicate #$anatomicalParts) of an organism that is playing an active role (see the predicate #$doneBy and its specializations) in the event ACT, and, moreover, that PART is somehow involved in the event ACT. Some examples of #$actorPartsInvolved include: the eyes of someone who is sneezing (or crying); the left foot of someone playing in a football game; the right hand of someone who is shaking hands; the claws of a cat who is scratching someone. As a negative example, consider a person's hair when that person is getting a haircut. The hair is not an #$actorPartsInvolved, because the person is passive in that event; it is, however, an #$actorPartsAffected (q.v.) in that event.") (#$genlPreds #$actorPartsInvolved #$nonDeliberateActors) (#$genlPreds #$actorPartsInvolved #$preActors) (#$isa #$actorPartsInvolved #$ActorSlot) (#$relationAllExists #$actorPartsInvolved #$Hearing #$Ear) (#$relationAllExists #$actorPartsInvolved #$VisualPerception #$Eye) (#$relationAllExistsCount #$actorPartsInvolved #$DigestionEvent #$DigestiveSystem 1) (#$minimizeExtent #$actorPartsInvolved) (#$arg1Isa #$actors #$Event) (#$arg2Format #$actors #$SetTheFormat) (#$arg2Isa #$actors #$SomethingExisting) (#$argFormat #$actors 2 #$SetTheFormat) (#$argIsa #$actors 1 #$Event) (#$argIsa #$actors 1 #$Event) (#$argIsa #$actors 2 #$SomethingExisting) (#$argIsa #$actors 2 #$SomethingExisting) (#$arity #$actors 2) (#$comment #$actors "The most general instance of #$ActorSlot (q.v.): all other actor slots are specializations of this predicate. Thus #$actors is a broad relation that holds between a given event and any contemporary existing thing (see #$SomethingExisting) that is meaningfully involved in the event. (#$actors EVENT ACTOR) means that ACTOR is somehow saliently (directly or indirectly) involved in EVENT during EVENT. An object's merely being cotemporal (see #$cotemporal) with an event is obviously not sufficient for being an actor in it, nor is participating (however centrally) in a representation or re-enactment of the event. But note that being an \"actor\" in the sense is _not_ restricted to things that play \"active\" (as opposed to passive or instrumental) roles in a given event.") (#$genlPreds #$actors #$constituentInSituation) (#$genlPreds #$actors #$temporallyIntersects) (#$isa #$actors #$ActorSlot) (#$isa #$actors #$BinaryPredicate) (#$relationAllExists #$actors #$AtLeastPartiallyMentalEvent #$IntelligentAgent) (#$relationAllExists #$actors #$Event #$SomethingExisting) (#$relationAllExists #$actors #$Event #$SomethingExisting) (#$minimizeExtent #$actors) (#$comment #$ActorSlot "A collection of binary predicates; a specialization of #$Role. Each instance of #$ActorSlot relates some instance of #$Event to a temporal thing involved in that event (here called a \"participant\", although the thing in question might not be playing an active role in the event). The first argument of every instance of #$ActorSlot is constrained to be an instance of some specialization of #$Event, and the second argument is constrained to be an instance of some specialization of #$SomethingExisting. All instances of #$ActorSlot have #$actors as their #$genlPreds, directly or indirectly, so that the actor slots form a kind of hierarchy. Each specialized actor slot indicates _how_ its participant participates in the event, i.e., in what role (e.g., #$inputs, #$outputs, #$doneBy). Actor slots are _not_ used to indicate the time of an event's occurrence, external representations of the event, and other more remotely related things that are not directly or indirectly \"involved\" in the occurrence of the event. Time and other quantities are relevant to events but are not instances of #$SomethingExisting; thus, they are related to events by some non-#$ActorSlot predicate. Things which are remotely related to the event -- for instance, someone who is affected by the event but doesn't exist when the event occurs -- may be related using some instance of #$Role that does not belong to #$ActorSlot, such as #$affectedAgent. See also #$Role.") (#$commonGenlPreds #$ActorSlot #$actors) (#$genls #$ActorSlot #$BinaryRolePredicate) (#$isa #$ActorSlot #$AtemporalNecessarilyEssentialCollectionType) (#$isa #$ActorSlot #$PredicateCategory) (#$comment #$ActorUseTypeSlot "Instances of #$ActorUseTypeSlot are actor slots which give information about the fate of the actor - whether it is destroyed, unchanged, temporarily changed, etc. Which #$ActorUseTypeSlot an actor appears on affects whether or not the same actor will act in the same role in the same kind of event in the future. ") (#$genls #$ActorUseTypeSlot #$ActorSlot) (#$isa #$ActorUseTypeSlot #$PredicateCategory) (#$comment #$ActsCommonlyConsideredCriminal "A collection of actions. Instances of #$ActsCommonlyConsideredCriminal are actions which are commonly considered illegal, i.e., in most legal systems. The primary purpose of this collection is to group together types of actions such as #$Murder and #$Stealing-Generic, which are almost universally considered criminal. However, individual instances of this collection are not necessarily instances of #$CriminalAct in every context or under every #$GovernmentCOC.") (#$genls #$ActsCommonlyConsideredCriminal #$HumanActivity) (#$genls #$ActsCommonlyConsideredCriminal #$Individual) (#$isa #$ActsCommonlyConsideredCriminal #$FirstOrderCollection) (#$keWeakSuggestionPreds #$ActsCommonlyConsideredCriminal #$maleficiary) (#$comment #$Address-LocationDesignator "A specialization of #$ContactInfoString. Each instance of #$Address-LocationDesignator is a string that describes the relatively permanent location of an individual or organization. For example: \"President Bill Clinton, White House, 1600 Pennsylvania Avenue, Washington, DC\". Addresses that provide an address suitable for delivery of mail are instances of the specialization, #$MailingAddress.") (#$genls #$Address-LocationDesignator #$ContactInfoString) (#$genls #$Address-LocationDesignator #$List) (#$isa #$Address-LocationDesignator #$ObjectType) (#$arg1Isa #$addressText #$ContactLocation) (#$arg1Isa #$addressText #$ContactLocation) (#$arg2Isa #$addressText #$Address-LocationDesignator) (#$argIsa #$addressText 2 #$Address-LocationDesignator) (#$argIsa #$addressText 2 #$Address-LocationDesignator) (#$argIsa #$addressText 1 #$ContactLocation) (#$argIsa #$addressText 1 #$ContactLocation) (#$argIsa #$addressText 1 #$ContactLocation) (#$arity #$addressText 2) (#$comment #$addressText "The predicate #$addressText relates an instance of #$ContactLocation to an instance of #$Address-LocationDesignator. (#$addressText LOC ADDRESS) means that the #$ContactLocation LOC has the #$Address-LocationDesignator ADDRESS.") (#$isa #$addressText #$FunctionalSlot) (#$arg1Format #$adjacentPathsAtJunction #$SetTheFormat) (#$arg1Isa #$adjacentPathsAtJunction #$JunctionOfPaths) (#$arg1Isa #$adjacentPathsAtJunction #$JunctionOfPaths) (#$arg2Format #$adjacentPathsAtJunction #$SetTheFormat) (#$arg2Isa #$adjacentPathsAtJunction #$Path-Generic) (#$arg2Isa #$adjacentPathsAtJunction #$Path-Generic) (#$argFormat #$adjacentPathsAtJunction 1 #$SetTheFormat) (#$argFormat #$adjacentPathsAtJunction 2 #$SetTheFormat) (#$argIsa #$adjacentPathsAtJunction 1 #$JunctionOfPaths) (#$argIsa #$adjacentPathsAtJunction 1 #$JunctionOfPaths) (#$argIsa #$adjacentPathsAtJunction 1 #$JunctionOfPaths) (#$argIsa #$adjacentPathsAtJunction 2 #$Path-Generic) (#$argIsa #$adjacentPathsAtJunction 2 #$Path-Generic) (#$argIsa #$adjacentPathsAtJunction 2 #$Path-Generic) (#$arity #$adjacentPathsAtJunction 2) (#$comment #$adjacentPathsAtJunction "(adjacentPathsAtJunction JUNCT PATH) means that the #$JunctionOfPaths JUNCT has PATH as one of the paths (instances of #$Path-Generic) joining it. A junction may connect many paths (it must connect at least three distinct paths), and a path may pass through many junctions, and may end at a junction. Examples: all the streets meeting at a certain #$Intersection-Street, the particular #$Trachea and both primary bronchi meeting at the #$TracheobronchialJunction between a certain person's #$Lungs, and three #$LongitudeLines intersecting at the #$SouthPole. Neither PATH nor JUNCTION need be instances of #$PartiallyTangible, #$TemporalThing, or #$SpatialThing; however if PATH is, JUNCTION must also be.") (#$interArgIsa2-1 #$adjacentPathsAtJunction #$PartiallyTangible #$PartiallyTangible) (#$interArgIsa2-1 #$adjacentPathsAtJunction #$SpatialThing #$SpatialThing) (#$interArgIsa2-1 #$adjacentPathsAtJunction #$TemporalThing #$TemporalThing) (#$isa #$adjacentPathsAtJunction #$AsymmetricBinaryPredicate) (#$isa #$adjacentPathsAtJunction #$CustomaryPathCycLConstant) (#$negationInverse #$adjacentPathsAtJunction #$adjacentPathsAtJunction) (#$negationInverse #$adjacentPathsAtJunction #$adjacentPathsAtJunction) (#$arg1Format #$adjacentTo #$SetTheFormat) (#$arg1Isa #$adjacentTo #$SpatialThing) (#$arg1Isa #$adjacentTo #$SpatialThing) (#$arg2Format #$adjacentTo #$SetTheFormat) (#$arg2Isa #$adjacentTo #$SpatialThing) (#$arg2Isa #$adjacentTo #$SpatialThing) (#$argFormat #$adjacentTo 1 #$SetTheFormat) (#$argFormat #$adjacentTo 2 #$SetTheFormat) (#$argIsa #$adjacentTo 1 #$SpatialThing) (#$argIsa #$adjacentTo 1 #$SpatialThing) (#$argIsa #$adjacentTo 1 #$SpatialThing) (#$argIsa #$adjacentTo 2 #$SpatialThing) (#$argIsa #$adjacentTo 2 #$SpatialThing) (#$argIsa #$adjacentTo 2 #$SpatialThing) (#$arity #$adjacentTo 2) (#$comment #$adjacentTo "(#$adjacentTo OBJ1 OBJ2) means that OBJ1 and OBJ2 are touching, and that their region of contact is (at least for practical purposes, relative to the objects' dimensions and shapes) a line (i.e. the contact region is not a point, though the \"line\" of contact might actually have some height). Moreover, OBJ1 is neither mostly above nor mostly below OBJ2. Positive examples: adjacent squares on a chessboard, bordering countries, a connected pair of puzzle pieces. Negative examples: diagonally touching squares on a chessboard, a geographical region and the air directly above it, one block stacked on top of another.") (#$genlInverse #$adjacentTo #$adjacentTo) (#$genlInverse #$adjacentTo #$adjacentTo) (#$genlPreds #$adjacentTo #$touches) (#$isa #$adjacentTo #$CotemporalObjectsSlot) (#$isa #$adjacentTo #$PhysicalFeatureDescribingPredicate) (#$isa #$adjacentTo #$SpatialPredicate) (#$isa #$adjacentTo #$SymmetricBinaryPredicate) (#$negationInverse #$adjacentTo #$above-Generally) (#$negationPreds #$adjacentTo #$above-Generally) (#$comment #$Adjective "The collecton of all adjectives. Adjectives are words which can modify nouns. Many adjectives have comparative and superlative forms. Example: `red'.") (#$genls #$Adjective #$Individual) (#$genls #$Adjective #$OpenClassWord) (#$isa #$Adjective #$SpeechPart) (#$comment #$AdministrativeStaffPerson "A specialization of #$DeskWorker. Each instance of #$AdministrativeStaffPerson is a worker whose primary job responsibilities are administrative and/or managerial tasks. Such jobs can be at any level in an organization's hierarchy, from receptionist/secretary to executive assistant to manager.") (#$genls #$AdministrativeStaffPerson #$DeskWorker) (#$genls #$AdministrativeStaffPerson #$Individual) (#$isa #$AdministrativeStaffPerson #$PersonTypeByOccupation) (#$isa #$AdministrativeStaffPerson #$PersonTypeByPositionInOrg) (#$comment #$Administrator "A specialization of #$AdministrativeStaffPerson. Each instance of #$Administrator is an employee of an organization who is responsible for managing its organizational affairs. Instances of #$Administrator may or may not also be required to manage people. If so, then they are also #$Managers (q.v.).") (#$genls #$Administrator #$AdministrativeStaffPerson) (#$genls #$Administrator #$Individual) (#$isa #$Administrator #$PersonTypeByOccupation) (#$comment #$Admiration "A feeling of strong approval. An intense positive attitude towards another person(s) or group. May be accompanied by emulation. #$Admiration is different than #$Respect (qv). This is a collection --- see #$Happiness for an explanation. Some more specialized #$FeelingTypes than #$Admiration are #$Wonder-Admiration, #$Adulation, #$Awe, etc. ") (#$genls #$Admiration #$Respect) (#$isa #$Admiration #$AtemporalNecessarilyEssentialCollectionType) (#$isa #$Admiration #$FeelingType) (#$arg1Genl #$admittedAllArgument #$Thing) (#$arg1Isa #$admittedAllArgument #$Collection) (#$arg2Isa #$admittedAllArgument #$NonNegativeInteger) (#$arg3Isa #$admittedAllArgument #$Relation) (#$argGenl #$admittedAllArgument 1 #$Thing) (#$argGenl #$admittedAllArgument 1 #$Thing) (#$argIsa #$admittedAllArgument 1 #$Collection) (#$argIsa #$admittedAllArgument 1 #$Collection) (#$argIsa #$admittedAllArgument 2 #$NonNegativeInteger) (#$argIsa #$admittedAllArgument 2 #$NonNegativeInteger) (#$argIsa #$admittedAllArgument 3 #$Relation) (#$argIsa #$admittedAllArgument 3 #$Relation) (#$arity #$admittedAllArgument 3) (#$comment #$admittedAllArgument "This predicate is used to state that the instances of a given collection each meet the argument-type constraints on a given argument-place of a given relation. (#$admittedAllArgument COL ARGNUM RELN) means that the instances of COL satisfy all of the (single-argument) argument-type constraints (see #$ArgIsaPredicate and #$ArgGenlPredicate) for the ARGNUMth argument position of RELN. For example, (#$admittedAllArgument #$FemalePerson 1 #$spouse) and (#$admittedAllArgument #$PersonTypeByActivity 1 #$JuvenileFn) both hold. See also #$admittedArgument.") (#$isa #$admittedAllArgument #$CoreConstant) (#$isa #$admittedAllArgument #$MetaRelation) (#$isa #$admittedAllArgument #$TernaryPredicate) (#$arg1Format #$admittedArgument #$openEntryFormatInArgs) (#$arg1Isa #$admittedArgument #$Thing) (#$arg2Format #$admittedArgument #$openEntryFormatInArgs) (#$arg2Isa #$admittedArgument #$NonNegativeInteger) (#$arg3Format #$admittedArgument #$openEntryFormatInArgs) (#$arg3Isa #$admittedArgument #$Relation) (#$argFormat #$admittedArgument 1 #$openEntryFormatInArgs) (#$argFormat #$admittedArgument 2 #$openEntryFormatInArgs) (#$argFormat #$admittedArgument 3 #$openEntryFormatInArgs) (#$argIsa #$admittedArgument 2 #$NonNegativeInteger) (#$argIsa #$admittedArgument 2 #$NonNegativeInteger) (#$argIsa #$admittedArgument 3 #$Relation) (#$argIsa #$admittedArgument 3 #$Relation) (#$argIsa #$admittedArgument 1 #$Thing) (#$argIsa #$admittedArgument 1 #$Thing) (#$arity #$admittedArgument 3) (#$comment #$admittedArgument "This predicate is used to state that a given thing meets the argument-type constraints on a given argument-place of a given relation. (#$admittedArgument THING ARGNUM RELN) means that THING satisfies all of the (single-argument) argument-type constraints (see #$ArgIsaPredicate and #$ArgGenlPredicate) for the ARGNUMth argument position of RELN. For example, (#$admittedArgument #$AbrahamLincoln 1 #$wife) and (#$admittedArgument #$Cougar 1 #$JuvenileFn) both hold. See also #$admittedSentence.") (#$isa #$admittedArgument #$CoreConstant) (#$isa #$admittedArgument #$MetaRelation) (#$isa #$admittedArgument #$TernaryPredicate) (#$completeExtentKnown #$admittedArgument) (#$arg1Isa #$admittedNAT #$CycLNonAtomicTerm) (#$argIsa #$admittedNAT 1 #$CycLNonAtomicTerm) (#$argIsa #$admittedNAT 1 #$CycLNonAtomicTerm) (#$arity #$admittedNAT 1) (#$comment #$admittedNAT "(#$admittedNAT NAT) states that NAT is a #$CycLNonAtomicTerm which is both syntactically and semantically well-formed wrt arg constraints. For example, (#$admittedNAT (#$MotherFn #$Muffet)) is true precisely in those mts in which #$Muffet satisfies all the applicable arg1 constraints imposed by #$MotherFn. See also #$admittedSentence.") (#$isa #$admittedNAT #$CoreConstant) (#$isa #$admittedNAT #$Relation) (#$isa #$admittedNAT #$UnaryPredicate) (#$arg1Isa #$admittedSentence #$ELSentence-Assertible) (#$argIsa #$admittedSentence 1 #$ELSentence-Assertible) (#$argIsa #$admittedSentence 1 #$ELSentence-Assertible) (#$arity #$admittedSentence 1) (#$comment #$admittedSentence "(#$admittedSentence SENTENCE) states that SENTENCE is a #$CycLSentence which is both syntactically and semantically well-formed with respect to argument constraints only. For example, (#$admittedSentence (#$bordersOn #$Canada #$France)) is true in #$WorldGeographyDualistMt, but not in #$WorldGeographyMt, since #$Canada and #$France are known to be instances of #$GeographicalRegion in the former microtheory, but not in the latter microtheory. See also #$admittedArgument.") (#$isa #$admittedSentence #$CoreConstant) (#$isa #$admittedSentence #$Relation) (#$isa #$admittedSentence #$UnaryPredicate) (#$negationPreds #$admittedSentence #$rejectedSentence) (#$genls #$Adulation #$Admiration) (#$isa #$Adulation #$AtemporalNecessarilyEssentialCollectionType) (#$isa #$Adulation #$FeelingType) (#$comment #$AdultAnimal "A specialization of #$Animal. The collection of all adult animals (including adult humans): animals that are at least mature enough to bear offspring. Cf. #$JuvenileAnimal.") (#$disjointWith #$AdultAnimal #$JuvenileAnimal) (#$genls #$AdultAnimal #$Animal) (#$genls #$AdultAnimal #$AnimalBLO) (#$genls #$AdultAnimal #$Individual) (#$isa #$AdultAnimal #$AnimalTypeByMaturity) (#$isa #$AdultAnimal #$ExistingObjectType) (#$comment #$AdultFemalePerson "The collection of all women; i.e., #$Persons who are adult and female.") (#$genls #$AdultFemalePerson #$FemalePerson) (#$genls #$AdultFemalePerson #$HumanAdult) (#$isa #$AdultFemalePerson #$Collection) (#$isa #$AdultFemalePerson #$ExistingObjectType) (#$comment #$AdultMalePerson "The collection of all men, i.e., #$Persons who are adult and male.") (#$genls #$AdultMalePerson #$HumanAdult) (#$genls #$AdultMalePerson #$MalePerson) (#$isa #$AdultMalePerson #$Collection) (#$isa #$AdultMalePerson #$ExistingObjectType) (#$comment #$Adverb "The collection of all adverbs. Adverbs are words which can modify adverbs, verbs, or adjectives. Many adverbs are morphologically derived from adjectives. Example: `slowly'.") (#$genls #$Adverb #$Individual) (#$isa #$Adverb #$SpeechPart) (#$comment #$Advertising "A collection of #$CommunicationAct-Singles. In an #$Advertising event, someone is communicating, to potential customers of an #$Agent, the desire of that agent to do business with those customers (either to `do business' in general or to sell them something specific.") (#$genls #$Advertising #$BusinessEvent) (#$genls #$Advertising #$CommunicationAct-Single) (#$genls #$Advertising #$IBTGeneration) (#$genls #$Advertising #$Individual) (#$genls #$Advertising #$MarketingActivity) (#$isa #$Advertising #$TemporalObjectType) (#$subEventTypes #$Advertising #$IBTGeneration-Original) (#$comment #$AdvocacyOrganization "#$AdvocacyOrganization is a specialization of #$Organization. Each instance of #$AdvocacyOrganization is an #$Organization that lobbies or engages in activities with the purpose of advocating a particular position on social, economic, political, environmental matters. Many instances of #$IdeologicalOrganization are also instances of #$AdvocacyOrganization. Examples of #$AdvocacyOrganization include #$AmericanAssociationOfRetiredPersons, #$SierraClub, #$AmericanMedicalAssociation, and #$StateBarOfTexas.") (#$genls #$AdvocacyOrganization #$Individual) (#$genls #$AdvocacyOrganization #$Organization) (#$isa #$AdvocacyOrganization #$ExistingObjectType) (#$isa #$AdvocacyOrganization #$OrganizationTypeByActivityType) (#$isa #$AFew-Quant #$PositiveIntegerExtent) (#$comment #$Affection "A feeling of fondness for someone or something. Sympathy, liking, warmth, tenderness. This is a #$Collection --- for an explanation of that, see #$Happiness. Some more specialized #$FeelingTypes than #$Affection are #$Love, #$Passion, etc.") (#$genls #$Affection #$GoodWill) (#$isa #$Affection #$AtemporalNecessarilyEssentialCollectionType) (#$isa #$Affection #$FeelingType) (#$arg1Format #$affiliatedWith #$SetTheFormat) (#$arg1Isa #$affiliatedWith #$Agent) (#$arg2Format #$affiliatedWith #$SetTheFormat) (#$arg2Isa #$affiliatedWith #$Agent) (#$argFormat #$affiliatedWith 1 #$SetTheFormat) (#$argFormat #$affiliatedWith 2 #$SetTheFormat) (#$argIsa #$affiliatedWith 1 #$Agent) (#$argIsa #$affiliatedWith 1 #$Agent) (#$argIsa #$affiliatedWith 2 #$Agent) (#$argIsa #$affiliatedWith 2 #$Agent) (#$arity #$affiliatedWith 2) (#$comment #$affiliatedWith "(#$affiliatedWith AGENT1 AGENT2) means that AGENT1 and AGENT2 are somehow affiliated. This is a broad relation, involving at least the voluntary entry into an understood formal or semi-formal relationship, which entails certain rights and obligations, on the part of at least one of the affiliated agents. For example, the agents might be business partners, kin, employer/employee, parent-company/subsidiary, or organization/member.") (#$genlInverse #$affiliatedWith #$affiliatedWith) (#$genlPreds #$affiliatedWith #$temporallyIntersects) (#$isa #$affiliatedWith #$BinaryPredicate) (#$isa #$affiliatedWith #$CotemporalObjectsSlot) (#$isa #$affiliatedWith #$IrreflexiveBinaryPredicate) (#$isa #$affiliatedWith #$SymmetricBinaryPredicate) (#$arg1Format #$after #$openEntryFormatInArgs) (#$arg1Isa #$after #$TimePoint) (#$arg2Format #$after #$openEntryFormatInArgs) (#$arg2Isa #$after #$TimePoint) (#$argFormat #$after 1 #$openEntryFormatInArgs) (#$argFormat #$after 2 #$openEntryFormatInArgs) (#$argIsa #$after 1 #$TimePoint) (#$argIsa #$after 1 #$TimePoint) (#$argIsa #$after 2 #$TimePoint) (#$argIsa #$after 2 #$TimePoint) (#$arity #$after 2) (#$comment #$after "A #$PrimitiveTemporalPredicate that relates two points in time. (#$after LATER EARLIER) means #$TimePoint LATER is after (occurs later in time than) #$TimePoint EARLIER.") (#$genlPreds #$after #$startsAfterEndingOf) (#$isa #$after #$AsymmetricBinaryPredicate) (#$isa #$after #$ObjectPredicate) (#$isa #$after #$PrimitiveTemporalPredicate) (#$isa #$after #$TransitiveBinaryPredicate) (#$negationInverse #$after #$after) (#$negationPreds #$after #$temporalBoundsIntersect) (#$typedGenlPreds #$after #$startsAfterEndingOf) (#$arg1Isa #$afterAdding #$Predicate) (#$arg1Isa #$afterAdding #$Predicate) (#$arg2Format #$afterAdding #$SetTheFormat) (#$arg2Isa #$afterAdding #$SubLSymbol) (#$arg2Isa #$afterAdding #$SubLSymbol) (#$argFormat #$afterAdding 2 #$SetTheFormat) (#$argIsa #$afterAdding 1 #$Predicate) (#$argIsa #$afterAdding 1 #$Predicate) (#$argIsa #$afterAdding 1 #$Predicate) (#$argIsa #$afterAdding 2 #$SubLSymbol) (#$argIsa #$afterAdding 2 #$SubLSymbol) (#$argIsa #$afterAdding 2 #$SubLSymbol) (#$arity #$afterAdding 2) (#$arity #$afterAdding 2) (#$comment #$afterAdding "Whenever a source is added to a gaf use of a predicate, each of that predicate's #$afterAdding functions is called on that source.") (#$isa #$afterAdding #$BinaryPredicate) (#$isa #$afterAdding #$BookkeepingPredicate) (#$isa #$afterAdding #$CycInferenceDescriptorPredicate) (#$isa #$afterAdding #$InferenceRelatedBookkeepingPredicate) (#$isa #$afterAdding #$LogicalTruthImplementationConstant) (#$isa #$afterAdding #$PossibleDefinitionalPredicate) (#$isa #$afterAdding #$Predicate) (#$comment #$Afternoon "An #$Afternoon is the daily #$Event where the #$Sun moves from its `highest' position in the daily cycle and `sets' or becomes a #$MidnightSun, i.e from noon till #$Sunset or #$MidnightSun. A #$Midday overlaps the start of an #$Afternoon, and an #$Evening is #$contiguousAfter an #$Afternoon (except when there is a #$MidnightSun in which case a #$Morning is contiguously after the #$Afternoon). Each #$Afternoon is #$temporallyFinishedBy a #$Sunset or #$MidnightSun.") (#$genls #$Afternoon #$Individual) (#$genls #$Afternoon #$QualitativeTimeOfDay) (#$isa #$Afternoon #$TemporalObjectType) (#$temporallySubsumes-TypeType #$Afternoon #$Sunset) (#$arg1Isa #$afterRemoving #$Predicate) (#$arg1Isa #$afterRemoving #$Predicate) (#$arg2Isa #$afterRemoving #$SubLSymbol) (#$arg2Isa #$afterRemoving #$SubLSymbol) (#$argIsa #$afterRemoving 1 #$Predicate) (#$argIsa #$afterRemoving 1 #$Predicate) (#$argIsa #$afterRemoving 1 #$Predicate) (#$argIsa #$afterRemoving 2 #$SubLSymbol) (#$argIsa #$afterRemoving 2 #$SubLSymbol) (#$argIsa #$afterRemoving 2 #$SubLSymbol) (#$arity #$afterRemoving 2) (#$arity #$afterRemoving 2) (#$comment #$afterRemoving "Whenever a source is removed from a gaf use of a predicate, each of that predicate's #$afterRemoving functions is called on that source.") (#$isa #$afterRemoving #$BinaryPredicate) (#$isa #$afterRemoving #$BookkeepingPredicate) (#$isa #$afterRemoving #$CycInferenceDescriptorPredicate) (#$isa #$afterRemoving #$InferenceRelatedBookkeepingPredicate) (#$isa #$afterRemoving #$LogicalTruthImplementationConstant) (#$isa #$afterRemoving #$Predicate) (#$arg1Format #$age #$SetTheFormat) (#$arg1Isa #$age #$SomethingExisting) (#$arg2Format #$age #$IntervalEntry) (#$arg2Isa #$age #$Time-Quantity) (#$argFormat #$age 2 #$IntervalEntry) (#$argFormat #$age 1 #$SetTheFormat) (#$argIsa #$age 1 #$SomethingExisting) (#$argIsa #$age 1 #$SomethingExisting) (#$argIsa #$age 2 #$Time-Quantity) (#$argIsa #$age 2 #$Time-Quantity) (#$arity #$age 2) (#$comment #$age "This predicate relates an existing thing to its current age, expressed as a quantity of time (see #$Time-Quantity). (#$age THING AMOUNT-OF-TIME) means that THING has been in existence for a total of AMOUNT-OF-TIME. THING can be a person, a galaxy, or any other existing thing (see #$SomethingExisting). Note, however, that the truth-value of a sentence about the age of something is dependent upon the temporal context in which the sentence is used. For example, in most contexts (see #$Microtheory) it would be a mistake to assert (#$age AlbertEinstein (#$YearsDuration 50)), because that sentence is only true in contexts restricted to the year-long interval in which Einstein had that age. So the above sentence should only be asserted in a microtheory that is temporally qualified to that year (roughly 1929) or some part or it. Alternatively, one can temporally qualify the sentence itself using #$holdsIn (q.v.). Thus (#$holdsIn (#$QuarterFn 2 (#$YearFn 1929)) (#$age AlbertEinstein (#$YearsDuration 50)), which means that Einstein is a 50-year-old during the entire second quarter of 1929, is true -- regardless of the temporal context.") (#$functionalInArgs #$age 2) (#$isa #$age #$BinaryPredicate) (#$isa #$age #$IntervalBasedQuantitySlot) (#$comment #$Agent "The collection of #$Agent-Generics (q.v.) that are not tangible artifacts (cf. #$AgentiveArtifact). #$Agent includes all naturally-occurring agents (e.g. #$Persons and #$Animals), any #$SupernaturalBeings (q.v.), and #$Organizations.") (#$disjointWith #$Agent #$Artifact) (#$disjointWith #$Agent #$FluidTangibleThing) (#$disjointWith #$Agent #$InorganicStuff) (#$genls #$Agent #$Agent-Generic) (#$genls #$Agent #$CompositeTangibleAndIntangibleObject) (#$genls #$Agent #$Individual) (#$isa #$Agent #$ExistingObjectType) (#$comment #$Agent-Generic "A specialization of #$SomethingExisting. Each instance of #$Agent-Generic is a being that has desires and intentions, and the ability to act on those desires and intentions. Instances of #$Agent-Generic may be individuals (see the specialization #$IndividualAgent) or they may consist of several #$Agent-Generics operating together (see the specialization #$MultiIndividualAgent). Notable specializations of #$Agent-Generic include #$Agent and #$AgentiveArtifact.") (#$disjointWith #$Agent-Generic #$Corner-2or3d) (#$disjointWith #$Agent-Generic #$OrganismPart) (#$disjointWith #$Agent-Generic #$Place-NonAgent) (#$disjointWith #$Agent-Generic (#$FoodOrDrinkForFn #$Person)) (#$genls #$Agent-Generic #$Individual) (#$genls #$Agent-Generic #$PartiallyIntangibleIndividual) (#$genls #$Agent-Generic #$SomethingExisting) (#$genls #$Agent-Generic (#$CollectionUnionFn (#$TheSet #$Agent-Generic (#$GroupFn #$Agent-Generic)))) (#$genls #$Agent-Generic (#$CollectionUnionFn (#$TheSet #$InformationBearingThing #$Agent-Generic))) (#$isa #$Agent-Generic #$ExistingObjectType) (#$partitionedInto #$Agent-Generic (#$ThePartition #$IndividualAgent #$MultiIndividualAgent)) (#$comment #$AgentGMt "The #$Microtheory that defines the concept of #$Agent and properties of agents.") (#$genlMt #$AgentGMt #$AgentGVocabularyMt) (#$genlMt #$AgentGMt #$BaseKB) (#$genlMt #$AgentGMt #$BaseKB) (#$genlMt #$AgentGMt #$CapabilitiesMt) (#$genlMt #$AgentGMt #$MovementMt) (#$genlMt #$AgentGMt #$NaiveSpatialMt) (#$isa #$AgentGMt #$GeneralMicrotheory) (#$isa #$AgentGMt #$TheoryMicrotheory) (#$comment #$AgentGVocabularyMt "The #$VocabularyMicrotheory for #$AgentGMt.") (#$genlMt #$AgentGVocabularyMt #$BaseKB) (#$genlMt #$AgentGVocabularyMt #$CapabilitiesVocabularyMt) (#$genlMt #$AgentGVocabularyMt #$MovementVocabularyMt) (#$genlMt #$AgentGVocabularyMt #$NaiveSpatialVocabularyMt) (#$isa #$AgentGVocabularyMt #$VocabularyMicrotheory) (#$comment #$AgentiveArtifact "#$AgentiveArtifact is the collection of all artifacts (created by instances of #$Agent) that commonly possess (at least) the apparent ability to make decisions and commence actions more or less independently of those agents. The distinction here is conventional; a certain functional sophistication possessed by instances of #$Artifact that are 'not really living agents' seems to mirror that possessed by 'living agents'. This sense of agency derives from ability or function the artifact possesses, namely the ability to commence actions, independently of agents, based on some internal calculation or deliberation. Subcollections include #$SoftwareAgent and #$Enclave-Computer.") (#$genls #$AgentiveArtifact #$Agent-Generic) (#$genls #$AgentiveArtifact #$Artifact-Generic) (#$genls #$AgentiveArtifact #$Individual) (#$isa #$AgentiveArtifact #$ExistingObjectType) (#$comment #$AgentiveNoun "A specialization of #$DeVerbalNoun. Each instance of #$AgentiveNoun is a noun in the agentive form. Agentive nouns usually denote the `doer' or `performer' of some action, and often end in `-er' or `-or'. Example: `runner'.") (#$genls #$AgentiveNoun #$Individual) (#$isa #$AgentiveNoun #$SpeechPart) (#$comment #$AgentiveRole "A subcollection of #$ActorSlot. Each instance ROLE of #$AgentiveRole must be an #$ActorSlot that satisfies the following conditions: (i) ROLE specifies what an agent does (in the strict sense) in an #$Event rather than describing what happens to the agent in the #$Event. That is to say, (ROLE AGT EVENT), when true, must describe agency rather than a mere happening. Thus, each #$ActorSlot that does not describe agency, such as #$objectActedOn, #$victim, #$instrument-Generic, #$bodilyDoer, #$fromLocation and #$motionPathway-Partial etc., is not an instance of #$AgentiveRole. (ii) ROLE must be specific enough to distinguish itself from other instances of #$AgentiveRole. This means, roughly, that if SLOT is a generalization of both SLOT1 and SLOT2, where SLOT1 is different from SLOT2, then SLOT is not an instance of #$AgentiveRole if both SLOT1 and SLOT2 are. Thus, #$interviewee is an instance of #$AgentiveRole while #$socialParticipants is not.") (#$genls #$AgentiveRole #$ActorSlot) (#$isa #$AgentiveRole #$PredicateCategory) (#$comment #$AgentPredicate "A collection of predicates that are used to ascribe characteristics or properties (taken in a very broad sense) to individual agents. As such, each instance of #$ObjectPredicate has an #$arity of 2 or greater and has at least one argument place (often including the first) constrained (see #$argIsa) to instances of #$Agent-Generic or some subcollection thereof. Examples include #$likesAsFriend and #$beliefs.") (#$genls #$AgentPredicate #$ObjectPredicate) (#$isa #$AgentPredicate #$PredicateCategory) (#$sharedNotes #$AgentPredicate #$NoteAboutPredicateCategories) (#$comment #$AgentTypeByEmotionalState "A collection of collections of #$IntelligentAgents. Instances are collections of agents characterized by being in certain emotional state. Examples include #$Angry, #$Excited, and #$Hopeful.") (#$genls #$AgentTypeByEmotionalState #$FirstOrderCollection) (#$isa #$AgentTypeByEmotionalState #$CollectionType) (#$isa #$AgentTypeByEmotionalState #$SecondOrderCollection) (#$typeGenls #$AgentTypeByEmotionalState #$IntelligentAgent) (#$arg1Format #$agreeingAgents #$SetTheFormat) (#$arg1Isa #$agreeingAgents #$Agreement) (#$arg1Isa #$agreeingAgents #$Agreement) (#$arg2Format #$agreeingAgents #$SetTheFormat) (#$arg2Isa #$agreeingAgents #$Agent) (#$arg2Isa #$agreeingAgents #$Agent) (#$argFormat #$agreeingAgents 1 #$SetTheFormat) (#$argFormat #$agreeingAgents 2 #$SetTheFormat) (#$argIsa #$agreeingAgents 2 #$Agent) (#$argIsa #$agreeingAgents 2 #$Agent) (#$argIsa #$agreeingAgents 2 #$Agent) (#$argIsa #$agreeingAgents 1 #$Agreement) (#$argIsa #$agreeingAgents 1 #$Agreement) (#$argIsa #$agreeingAgents 1 #$Agreement) (#$arity #$agreeingAgents 2) (#$comment #$agreeingAgents "The predicate #$agreeingAgents relates a particular agreement to the agents who made, or who are making, the agreement. (#$agreeingAgents AGREE PARTY) means that the #$Agreement AGREE has the #$Agent PARTY among its agreeing parties. If an #$Agreement AGREE and an #$Agent PARTY are related via #$agreeingAgents, they may also be related by more specialized versions of #$agreeingAgents, such as #$agreeingBuyer or #$agreeingSeller, #$insuringAgent or #$policyHolder, #$employedAgent or #$employingAgent. Note that if (#$agreeingAgents AGREE PARTY) holds, the #$Agent PARTY will be mentioned in the #$Agreement AGREE.") (#$genlInverse #$agreeingAgents #$vestedInterest) (#$genlPreds #$agreeingAgents #$propositionalInfoAbout) (#$interArgIsa1-2 #$agreeingAgents #$LegalAgreement #$LegalAgent) (#$isa #$agreeingAgents #$CotemporalObjectsSlot) (#$isa #$agreeingAgents #$InterActorSlot) (#$relationAllExistsMin #$agreeingAgents #$Agreement #$Agent 2) (#$sharedNotes #$agreeingAgents #$AgreementNote) (#$comment #$Agreement "A specialization of #$PropositionalInformationThing and #$Artifact-Intangible. Each instance of this collection involves two or more parties who agree that certain propositions (which correspond to a small #$Microtheory -- see the shared note #$AgreementNote) should be true. Making the propositions true may require some action or commitment of resources on the part of one or more of the #$agreeingAgents. Thus, instances of #$Agreement will usually involve some instances of #$Obligation. Instances of #$Agreement and #$Obligation differ, however, in that an #$obligatedAgent is responsible for the truth of all of the propositions over which the obligation holds. In an #$Agreement some agents may not be so responsible. For example, in a loan agreement, the borrower agrees to give the lender back the money, but the borrower is the only #$obligatedAgent for the repayment. Note that #$obligatedAgents need not be among the #$agreeingAgents in the agreement that involves or generates the obligation. Moreover, #$agreeingAgents aren't always #$obligatedAgents; e.g., Wanda and Paul may agree that Paul alone is obligated to do some task. Notable specializations of #$Agreement include #$PeaceAccord, #$LegalAgreement, #$InformalAgreement, #$BusinessPartnershipAgreement, #$WorkAgreement, #$MaintenanceAgreement, #$Reservation and #$Appointment. For assertions about what is \"supposed to be\" true, given some #$Agreement, see #$ist-Agreement.") (#$disjointWith #$Agreement #$Proposal) (#$genls #$Agreement #$Artifact-Intangible) (#$genls #$Agreement #$IntangibleExistingThing) (#$genls #$Agreement #$PropositionalInformationThing) (#$genls #$Agreement #$SupposedToBeMicrotheory) (#$isa #$Agreement #$ObjectType) (#$sharedNotes #$Agreement #$AgreementNote) (#$arg1Isa #$agreementForbids #$Agreement) (#$arg1Isa #$agreementForbids #$Agreement) (#$arg2Isa #$agreementForbids #$Agent) (#$arg2Isa #$agreementForbids #$Agent) (#$arg3Genl #$agreementForbids #$Event) (#$arg3Genl #$agreementForbids #$Event) (#$arg3Isa #$agreementForbids #$Collection) (#$arg3Isa #$agreementForbids #$Collection) (#$arg4Isa #$agreementForbids #$Role) (#$arg4Isa #$agreementForbids #$Role) (#$argGenl #$agreementForbids 3 #$Event) (#$argGenl #$agreementForbids 3 #$Event) (#$argGenl #$agreementForbids 3 #$Event) (#$argIsa #$agreementForbids 2 #$Agent) (#$argIsa #$agreementForbids 2 #$Agent) (#$argIsa #$agreementForbids 2 #$Agent) (#$argIsa #$agreementForbids 1 #$Agreement) (#$argIsa #$agreementForbids 1 #$Agreement) (#$argIsa #$agreementForbids 1 #$Agreement) (#$argIsa #$agreementForbids 3 #$Collection) (#$argIsa #$agreementForbids 3 #$Collection) (#$argIsa #$agreementForbids 3 #$Collection) (#$argIsa #$agreementForbids 4 #$Role) (#$argIsa #$agreementForbids 4 #$Role) (#$argIsa #$agreementForbids 4 #$Role) (#$arity #$agreementForbids 4) (#$comment #$agreementForbids "This quaternary predicate is used to indicate a type of action that a particular agent is forbidden to play a particular role in under the terms of a particular agreement. (#$agreementForbids AGREEMENT AGENT ACTTYPE ROLE) means that AGREEMENT forbids AGENT to play ROLE in any instance of ACTTYPE. For example, if a peace accord ACCORD forbids its signatories to wage war against one another, and SIGNER is one such signatory, then (#$agreementForbids ACCORD SIGNER #$WagingWar #$performedBy) holds. Similarly, a business contract may forbid one agent to compete with another after s/he sells rights to a product, design, or practice to a second agent.") (#$interArgReln1-2 #$agreementForbids #$agreeingAgents) (#$isa #$agreementForbids #$QuaternaryPredicate) (#$sharedNotes #$agreementForbids #$AgreementNote) (#$transitiveViaArg #$agreementForbids #$genlPreds 4) (#$comment #$AgreementNote "Instances of #$Agreement (and of its specializations) are #$Microtheory instances containing propositions representing what some number of parties have agreed upon. An #$Agreement may contain a set of #$Obligations on the part of one or more of the parties. An #$Agreement may also be just a set of beliefs that the parties have decided to share. To indicate which propositions are true in an #$Agreement, regardless of whether they are true in reality, use #$ist-Agreement. (#$ist-Agreement AGREEMENT PROP) means that PROP is a #$ELSentence-Assertible expressing something that was agreed upon in AGREEMENT. Other relevant vocabulary: (#$agreeingAgents AGREEMENT AGENT) means that AGENT is one of the parties agreeing to AGREEMENT. (#$subAgreements AGREEMENT1 AGREEMENT2) means that AGREEMENT2 is a part of (is included in) AGREEMENT1. (#$governedByAgreement ACTION AGREEMENT) means that ACTION is governed by the terms of AGREEMENT. (#$agreementForbids AGREEMENT AGENT ACTION-TYPE ROLE) means that AGREEMENT forbids AGENT to play ROLE in instances of ACTION-TYPE. (#$agreementPeriod AGREEMENT TIME) means that AGREEMENT is considered to be true during the time period TIME.") (#$isa #$AgreementNote #$List) (#$isa #$AgreementNote #$SharedNote) (#$arg1Isa #$agreementPeriod #$Agreement) (#$arg2Format #$agreementPeriod #$SingleEntry) (#$arg2Isa #$agreementPeriod #$TimeInterval) (#$argFormat #$agreementPeriod 2 #$SingleEntry) (#$argIsa #$agreementPeriod 1 #$Agreement) (#$argIsa #$agreementPeriod 1 #$Agreement) (#$argIsa #$agreementPeriod 2 #$TimeInterval) (#$argIsa #$agreementPeriod 2 #$TimeInterval) (#$arity #$agreementPeriod 2) (#$comment #$agreementPeriod "The predicate #$agreementPeriod is used to indicate the period of time during which a particular agreement is in force. (#$agreementPeriod AGREE TIME) means that the #$Agreement AGREE holds during the #$TimeInterval TIME. TIME may or may not begin at the moment that AGREE is created; e.g., a person may sign an employment contract on the very day she begins working or several weeks before, to begin on a specified future date. An #$agreementPeriod could even begin before the agreement was made, e.g., when an agent agrees to pay disputed royalties retroactively.") (#$isa #$agreementPeriod #$StrictlyFunctionalSlot) (#$sharedNotes #$agreementPeriod #$AgreementNote) (#$strictlyFunctionalInArgs #$agreementPeriod 2) (#$arg1Format #$agreementRequires #$openEntryFormatInArgs) (#$arg1Isa #$agreementRequires #$Agreement) (#$arg1Isa #$agreementRequires #$Agreement) (#$arg2Format #$agreementRequires #$openEntryFormatInArgs) (#$arg2Isa #$agreementRequires #$Agent) (#$arg2Isa #$agreementRequires #$Agent) (#$arg3Format #$agreementRequires #$openEntryFormatInArgs) (#$arg3Genl #$agreementRequires #$Event) (#$arg3Genl #$agreementRequires #$Event) (#$arg3Isa #$agreementRequires #$Collection) (#$arg3Isa #$agreementRequires #$Collection) (#$arg4Format #$agreementRequires #$openEntryFormatInArgs) (#$arg4Isa #$agreementRequires #$Role) (#$arg4Isa #$agreementRequires #$Role) (#$argFormat #$agreementRequires 1 #$openEntryFormatInArgs) (#$argFormat #$agreementRequires 2 #$openEntryFormatInArgs) (#$argFormat #$agreementRequires 3 #$openEntryFormatInArgs) (#$argFormat #$agreementRequires 4 #$openEntryFormatInArgs) (#$argGenl #$agreementRequires 3 #$Event) (#$argGenl #$agreementRequires 3 #$Event) (#$argGenl #$agreementRequires 3 #$Event) (#$argIsa #$agreementRequires 2 #$Agent) (#$argIsa #$agreementRequires 2 #$Agent) (#$argIsa #$agreementRequires 2 #$Agent) (#$argIsa #$agreementRequires 1 #$Agreement) (#$argIsa #$agreementRequires 1 #$Agreement) (#$argIsa #$agreementRequires 1 #$Agreement) (#$argIsa #$agreementRequires 3 #$Collection) (#$argIsa #$agreementRequires 3 #$Collection) (#$argIsa #$agreementRequires 3 #$Collection) (#$argIsa #$agreementRequires 4 #$Role) (#$argIsa #$agreementRequires 4 #$Role) (#$argIsa #$agreementRequires 4 #$Role) (#$arity #$agreementRequires 4) (#$comment #$agreementRequires "This quaternary predicate is used to indicate that a particular agent is required to play a particular role in a particular kind of action under the terms of a particular agreement. (#$agreementRequires AGREEMENT AGENT ACT-TYPE ROLE) means that the #$Agreement AGREEMENT specifies that the #$Agent AGENT is required to play the #$Role ROLE in some event that is an instance of the subcollection of #$Event ACT-TYPE. For example, a peace accord #$agreementRequires the signatories to withdraw their troops behind specified boundaries.") (#$interArgReln1-2 #$agreementRequires #$agreeingAgents) (#$isa #$agreementRequires #$QuaternaryPredicate) (#$sharedNotes #$agreementRequires #$AgreementNote) (#$transitiveViaArg #$agreementRequires #$genlPreds 4) (#$comment #$AilmentCondition "The most general collection of ailment events; a subcollection of both #$PhysiologicalCondition and #$Malfunction. An instance of #$AilmentCondition is a dynamic state of sickness, injury, or physiological impairment. The rationale for construing ailments in this way is the obvious fact that to have an ailment is to undergo an event: an individual ailment has temporal features, it progresses dynamically, and so on. It is not just a matter of being in some static state of \"unwellness\". Subcollections of #$AilmentCondition include #$RespiratoryAilment, #$HeartCondition, #$Cancer, #$MotionSickness, #$Poisoning, #$Infection, and #$InjuryCondition. If a particular person has an infection, that event is an instance of #$AilmentCondition. An #$AilmentCondition does not begin before there is an actual, developed sickness or impairment, and thus does not include the event of getting sick or becoming impaired. Also note that each type of ailment, such as #$Infection, is the collection of all \"cases\" or \"instances\" of individuals suffering from that condition. See also #$DiseaseType.") (#$genls #$AilmentCondition #$Individual) (#$genls #$AilmentCondition #$Malfunction) (#$genls #$AilmentCondition #$PhysiologicalCondition) (#$isa #$AilmentCondition #$PhysiologicalConditionType) (#$keStrongSuggestionPreds #$AilmentCondition #$ailmentConditionAffects) (#$arg1Isa #$ailmentConditionAffects #$AilmentCondition) (#$arg2Isa #$ailmentConditionAffects #$Organism-Whole) (#$argIsa #$ailmentConditionAffects 1 #$AilmentCondition) (#$argIsa #$ailmentConditionAffects 1 #$AilmentCondition) (#$argIsa #$ailmentConditionAffects 2 #$Organism-Whole) (#$argIsa #$ailmentConditionAffects 2 #$Organism-Whole) (#$arity #$ailmentConditionAffects 2) (#$comment #$ailmentConditionAffects "(#$ailmentConditionAffects AILMENT ORGANISM) means that the #$Organism-Whole ORGANISM suffers from the #$AilmentCondition AILMENT. See also #$ailmentTypeAffects.") (#$genlPreds #$ailmentConditionAffects #$maleficiary) (#$genlPreds #$ailmentConditionAffects #$physiologicalConditionAffects) (#$isa #$ailmentConditionAffects #$BinaryRolePredicate) (#$relationAllExists #$ailmentConditionAffects #$AilmentCondition #$PartiallyTangible) (#$typedGenlPreds #$ailmentConditionAffects #$maleficiary) (#$typedGenlPreds #$ailmentConditionAffects #$physiologicalConditionAffects) (#$comment #$AilmentMt "This #$TheoryMicrotheory is intended to be the most general microtheory for axiomatizing knowledge about ailment conditions and diseases (see #$AilmentCondition and its specs). It allows reference to microorganisms and rather general biological knowledge. For describing features of an ailment condition specific to human beings (#$Person), or if knowledge about human physiology is needed to support an assertion, consider using #$HumanAilmentMt.") (#$genlMt #$AilmentMt #$AilmentVocabularyMt) (#$genlMt #$AilmentMt #$BaseKB) (#$genlMt #$AilmentMt #$BaseKB) (#$genlMt #$AilmentMt #$EcologyMt) (#$genlMt #$AilmentMt #$MicrobiologyMt) (#$genlMt #$AilmentMt #$PerceptionMt) (#$genlMt #$AilmentMt #$VertebratePhysiologyMt) (#$isa #$AilmentMt #$GeneralMicrotheory) (#$isa #$AilmentMt #$TheoryMicrotheory) (#$comment #$AilmentVocabularyMt "The #$VocabularyMicrotheory for #$AilmentMt.") (#$genlMt #$AilmentVocabularyMt #$BaseKB) (#$genlMt #$AilmentVocabularyMt #$BaseKB) (#$genlMt #$AilmentVocabularyMt #$EcologyVocabularyMt) (#$genlMt #$AilmentVocabularyMt #$PerceptionVocabularyMt) (#$genlMt #$AilmentVocabularyMt #$VertebratePhysiologyVocabularyMt) (#$isa #$AilmentVocabularyMt #$VocabularyMicrotheory) (#$comment #$Air "A specialization of #$GaseousTangibleThing. Each instance of #$Air is one `piece' among all the portions of the atmosphere of the Earth, considered as a substance present in various places, in various quantities, under various pressures, etc. Examples: the AirInAustin; the stuffy air in my office; the thin air atop Annapurna. See also #$TheAtmosphereQuaSinglePieceOfStuff, which is all ambient #$Air on the planet taken as a single object.") (#$genls #$Air #$GaseousTangibleThing) (#$genls #$Air #$Individual) (#$genls #$Air #$Mixture) (#$isa #$Air #$TangibleStuffStateType) (#$isa #$Air #$TemporalStuffType) (#$comment #$AirBreathingVertebrate "#$AirBreathingVertebrate is a specialization of #$Vertebrate and an instance of #$OrganismClassificationType. Each instance of #$AirBreathingVertebrate is a vertebrate that usually respires by breathing #$Air during adult life. Includes individual #$Mammals, #$Birds, #$Reptiles, and most #$Amphibians. Most #$AirBreathingVertebrates are #$TerrestrialOrganisms, but some #$AquaticOrganisms breathe air (#$Whales, etc.). All #$AirBreathingVertebrates have #$Lungs and #$RespiratoryTracts.") (#$genls #$AirBreathingVertebrate #$Individual) (#$genls #$AirBreathingVertebrate #$Vertebrate) (#$isa #$AirBreathingVertebrate #$ExistingObjectType) (#$isa #$AirBreathingVertebrate #$OrganismClassificationType) (#$comment #$AirForce "A subcollection of #$BranchOfMilitaryService. Each instance of #$AirForce is a modern military organization composed mainly of airborne forces (such as bombers, fighters, torpedo planes, parachute troops, surveillance aircraft, etc.) and which has the function of defending or attacking air space, ships, or ground targets.") (#$genls #$AirForce #$BranchOfMilitaryService) (#$genls #$AirForce #$Individual) (#$genls #$AirForce #$ModernMilitaryOrganization) (#$isa #$AirForce #$ExistingObjectType) (#$comment #$AirForcePersonnel "A specialization of #$MilitaryPerson. Each instance of #$AirForcePersonnel is a person who is a member of some instance of #$AirForce.") (#$genls #$AirForcePersonnel #$Individual) (#$genls #$AirForcePersonnel #$MilitaryPerson) (#$isa #$AirForcePersonnel #$PersonTypeByOccupation) (#$comment #$AirlineCompany "#$AirlineCompany is a specialization of #$TransportationCompany-Provider, #$CommercialServiceOrganization, and #$Business. Each instance of #$AirlineCompany is a business that operates airplanes to transport goods or people in exchange for money.") (#$genls #$AirlineCompany #$Business) (#$genls #$AirlineCompany #$CommercialServiceOrganization) (#$genls #$AirlineCompany #$Individual) (#$genls #$AirlineCompany #$TransportationCompany-Provider) (#$isa #$AirlineCompany #$ExistingObjectType) (#$comment #$Airplane "A subcollection of #$FixedWingAircraft, each instance of which is a heavier-than-air, self-powered flying machine (other than a cruise missile) that gets its lift while flying from #$AirplaneWings. #$Helicopters are thus excluded because their lift is created by rotors. A near-borderline (positive) case is a plane that takes-off vertically using a turbojet engine, since its initial lift is not due to its wings. In flight, however, such a plane needs its wings to stay aloft.") (#$disjointWith #$Airplane #$ConsumableProduct) (#$disjointWith #$Airplane #$Spacecraft) (#$genls #$Airplane #$FixedWingAircraft) (#$genls #$Airplane #$Individual) (#$isa #$Airplane #$ExistingObjectType) (#$isa #$Airplane #$ProductType) (#$comment #$AirplaneRunway "#$AirplaneRunway is a specialization of #$PathForWheeledVehicles. Each instance of #$AirplaneRunway is an airstrip at an airport, on an aircraft carrier, or in some field where airplanes taxi, take off, and land.") (#$disjointWith #$AirplaneRunway #$Railway) (#$genls #$AirplaneRunway #$Individual) (#$genls #$AirplaneRunway #$PathForWheeledVehicles) (#$genls #$AirplaneRunway #$SpatialThing) (#$isa #$AirplaneRunway #$ExistingObjectType) (#$comment #$AirportOrganization "#$AirportOrganization is a specialization of #$TravelOrganization. Each instance of #$AirportOrganization is an organization that manages and controls particular airports and their appurtenant facilities; e.g., #$LaGuardiaAirport-Organization.") (#$genls #$AirportOrganization #$Individual) (#$genls #$AirportOrganization #$TravelOrganization) (#$isa #$AirportOrganization #$ExistingObjectType) (#$comment #$Airport-Physical "A specialization of both #$FixedStructure and #$TransportFacility. Each instance of #$Airport-Physical is a facility which includes at least one runway where airplanes can take off and land. Instances of #$Airport-Physical may also have terminals and an air control tower, in addition to having a runway. See also the related collection #$AirportOrganization.") (#$disjointWith #$Airport-Physical #$Dock) (#$disjointWith #$Airport-Physical #$RailroadStation-Physical) (#$disjointWith #$Airport-Physical #$Roadway) (#$genls #$Airport-Physical #$FixedStructure) (#$genls #$Airport-Physical #$Individual) (#$genls #$Airport-Physical #$TransportFacility) (#$isa #$Airport-Physical #$ExistingObjectType) (#$isa #$Airport-Physical #$TemporalStuffType) (#$comment #$AirRespiration "A collection of activities constituting a natural #$PhysiologicalFunction; #$AirRespiration is the collection of all #$Respiration events in which an organism trades some of the carbon dioxide in its tissues for oxygen from the atmosphere.") (#$genls #$AirRespiration #$Individual) (#$genls #$AirRespiration #$PhysiologicalFunction) (#$genls #$AirRespiration #$Respiration) (#$isa #$AirRespiration #$DefaultDisjointScriptType) (#$isa #$AirRespiration #$TemporalStuffType) (#$comment #$AirTransportationDevice "A specialization of #$TransportationDevice. Each instance of #$AirTransportationDevice is a device used for transporting either people or cargo through the air. Specializations of #$AirTransportationDevice include the collections #$Airplane, #$Helicopter, #$HotAirBalloon, and #$GroundToOrbitVehicle.") (#$disjointWith #$AirTransportationDevice #$FluidReservoir) (#$disjointWith #$AirTransportationDevice #$LandTransportationDevice) (#$disjointWith #$AirTransportationDevice #$Water) (#$disjointWith #$AirTransportationDevice #$WaterTransportationDevice) (#$genls #$AirTransportationDevice #$Individual) (#$genls #$AirTransportationDevice #$TransportationDevice) (#$isa #$AirTransportationDevice #$ExistingObjectType) (#$isa #$AirTransportationDevice #$ProductType) (#$comment #$Alertness "#$Alertness is an #$AnimalPhysiologicalAttribute which specifies how sleepy or alert an animal is. Levels of #$Alertness include #$Asleep, #$Sleepy, and #$Awake.") (#$genls #$Alertness #$AnimalPhysiologicalAttribute) (#$genls #$Alertness #$ScalarInterval) (#$isa #$Alertness #$AtemporalNecessarilyEssentialCollectionType) (#$isa #$Alertness #$LinearOrderAttributeType) (#$comment #$Algorithm "A specialization of #$MathematicalOrComputationalThing. An instance of #$Algorithm is a particular finite sequence of operations that constitutes an effective, or strictly mechanical, procedure for completing some task, computing some function, or simply performing a number of unrelated operations. Instances of #$ComputerProgram-CWIS use algorithms (see #$programAlgorithms), and some instances of #$Instructions (e.g. some instances of its specializations #$Recipe-CW and #$DirectionsToGetSomewhere), if sufficiently explicit, involve algorithms. An algorithm can be viewed as a specific way of computing a particular instance of #$Function-MathematicalObject, i.e. a way determining the value of the function for any argument in the function's domain (see #$algorithmComputes).") (#$disjointWith #$Algorithm #$Language) (#$genls #$Algorithm #$AbstractInformationalThing) (#$genls #$Algorithm #$Individual) (#$genls #$Algorithm #$MathematicalOrComputationalThing) (#$isa #$Algorithm #$ObjectType) (#$arg1Isa #$AlgorithmFunctionFn #$FunctionalAlgorithm) (#$arg1Isa #$AlgorithmFunctionFn #$FunctionalAlgorithm) (#$arg2Isa #$AlgorithmFunctionFn #$ProgramIdentifier) (#$arg2Isa #$AlgorithmFunctionFn #$ProgramIdentifier) (#$argIsa #$AlgorithmFunctionFn 1 #$FunctionalAlgorithm) (#$argIsa #$AlgorithmFunctionFn 1 #$FunctionalAlgorithm) (#$argIsa #$AlgorithmFunctionFn 1 #$FunctionalAlgorithm) (#$argIsa #$AlgorithmFunctionFn 2 #$ProgramIdentifier) (#$argIsa #$AlgorithmFunctionFn 2 #$ProgramIdentifier) (#$argIsa #$AlgorithmFunctionFn 2 #$ProgramIdentifier) (#$arity #$AlgorithmFunctionFn 2) (#$comment #$AlgorithmFunctionFn "An individual denoting function. (#$AlgorithmFunctionFn ALGORITHM NAME) denotes an instance of #$ProgramFunction identified by NAME which instantiates ALGORITHM with the context of a single #$ComputerCode-Source.") (#$isa #$AlgorithmFunctionFn #$BinaryFunction) (#$isa #$AlgorithmFunctionFn #$IndividualDenotingFunction) (#$resultIsa #$AlgorithmFunctionFn #$Individual) (#$resultIsa #$AlgorithmFunctionFn #$ProgramFunction) (#$comment #$AlgorithmInput1 "An input for the algorithm #$AbsoluteValueComputation.") (#$isa #$AlgorithmInput1 #$IndexicalConcept) (#$isa #$AlgorithmInput1 #$Individual) (#$isa #$AlgorithmInput1 #$SoftwareParameter) (#$isa #$AlgorithmOutput1 #$IndexicalConcept) (#$isa #$AlgorithmOutput1 #$Individual) (#$isa #$AlgorithmOutput1 #$SoftwareParameter) (#$isa (#$AlgorithmSequenceFn #$MaxElementComputation 0) #$Individual) (#$isa (#$AlgorithmSequenceFn #$MaxElementComputation 0) #$ProgramStepSequence) (#$arg1Isa #$AlgorithmSequenceFn #$Algorithm) (#$arg1Isa #$AlgorithmSequenceFn #$Algorithm) (#$arg2Isa #$AlgorithmSequenceFn #$Thing) (#$arg2Isa #$AlgorithmSequenceFn #$Thing) (#$argIsa #$AlgorithmSequenceFn 1 #$Algorithm) (#$argIsa #$AlgorithmSequenceFn 1 #$Algorithm) (#$argIsa #$AlgorithmSequenceFn 1 #$Algorithm) (#$argIsa #$AlgorithmSequenceFn 2 #$Thing) (#$argIsa #$AlgorithmSequenceFn 2 #$Thing) (#$argIsa #$AlgorithmSequenceFn 2 #$Thing) (#$arity #$AlgorithmSequenceFn 2) (#$comment #$AlgorithmSequenceFn "An individual denoting function. (#$AlgorithmSequenceFn ALGORITHM ID) denotes the #$ProgramStepSequence of ALGORITHM that is identified by ID. For example, (#$AlgorithmSequenceFn #$AbsoluteValueComputation 2) would denote Step Sequence 2 of the algorithm #$AbsoluteValueComputation.") (#$isa #$AlgorithmSequenceFn #$BinaryFunction) (#$isa #$AlgorithmSequenceFn #$IndividualDenotingFunction) (#$isa #$AlgorithmSequenceFn #$ReifiableFunction) (#$resultIsa #$AlgorithmSequenceFn #$Individual) (#$resultIsa #$AlgorithmSequenceFn #$ProgramStepSequence) (#$arg1Isa #$algorithmStartStep #$Algorithm) (#$arg1Isa #$algorithmStartStep #$Algorithm) (#$arg2Isa #$algorithmStartStep #$ProgramStep) (#$arg2Isa #$algorithmStartStep #$ProgramStep) (#$argIsa #$algorithmStartStep 1 #$Algorithm) (#$argIsa #$algorithmStartStep 1 #$Algorithm) (#$argIsa #$algorithmStartStep 1 #$Algorithm) (#$argIsa #$algorithmStartStep 2 #$ProgramStep) (#$argIsa #$algorithmStartStep 2 #$ProgramStep) (#$argIsa #$algorithmStartStep 2 #$ProgramStep) (#$arity #$algorithmStartStep 2) (#$comment #$algorithmStartStep "(#$algorithmStartStep ALGORITHM PROGRAM-STEP) means that PROGRAM-STEP is the first step of ALGORITHM.") (#$isa #$algorithmStartStep #$BinaryPredicate) (#$isa (#$AlgorithmStepFn #$AbsoluteValueComputation 0) #$Individual) (#$isa (#$AlgorithmStepFn #$MaxElementComputation 0) #$Individual) (#$isa (#$AlgorithmStepFn #$AbsoluteValueComputation 0) #$ProgramStep) (#$isa (#$AlgorithmStepFn #$MaxElementComputation 0) #$ProgramStep) (#$isa (#$AlgorithmStepFn #$MaxElementComputation 1) #$Individual) (#$isa (#$AlgorithmStepFn #$MaxElementComputation 1) #$ProgramStep) (#$arg1Isa #$AlgorithmStepFn #$Algorithm) (#$arg1Isa #$AlgorithmStepFn #$Algorithm) (#$arg2Isa #$AlgorithmStepFn #$Thing) (#$arg2Isa #$AlgorithmStepFn #$Thing) (#$argIsa #$AlgorithmStepFn 1 #$Algorithm) (#$argIsa #$AlgorithmStepFn 1 #$Algorithm) (#$argIsa #$AlgorithmStepFn 1 #$Algorithm) (#$argIsa #$AlgorithmStepFn 2 #$Thing) (#$argIsa #$AlgorithmStepFn 2 #$Thing) (#$argIsa #$AlgorithmStepFn 2 #$Thing) (#$arity #$AlgorithmStepFn 2) (#$comment #$AlgorithmStepFn "An individual denoting function. (#$AlgorithmStepFn ALGORITHM ID) denotes the #$ProgramStep of ALGORITHM that is identified by ID. For example, (#$AlgorithmStepFn #$AbsoluteValueComputation 2) would denote Step 2 of the algorithm #$AbsoluteValueComputation.") (#$isa #$AlgorithmStepFn #$BinaryFunction) (#$isa #$AlgorithmStepFn #$IndividualDenotingFunction) (#$isa #$AlgorithmStepFn #$ReifiableFunction) (#$resultIsa #$AlgorithmStepFn #$Individual) (#$resultIsa #$AlgorithmStepFn #$ProgramStep) (#$arg1Isa #$aligned #$SpatialThing) (#$arg1Isa #$aligned #$SpatialThing) (#$arg2Isa #$aligned #$SpatialThing) (#$arg2Isa #$aligned #$SpatialThing) (#$argIsa #$aligned 1 #$SpatialThing) (#$argIsa #$aligned 1 #$SpatialThing) (#$argIsa #$aligned 1 #$SpatialThing) (#$argIsa #$aligned 2 #$SpatialThing) (#$argIsa #$aligned 2 #$SpatialThing) (#$argIsa #$aligned 2 #$SpatialThing) (#$arity #$aligned 2) (#$comment #$aligned "(#$aligned OBJ1 OBJ2) means that the two objects are aligned so as to be oriented in the same way. Specifications of this would be #$alignedAlong to specify that the two objects are side-by-side, and #$alignedEndToEnd to specify that the two objects share a common length axis as well. See also a related predicate #$parallelObjects.") (#$genlInverse #$aligned #$aligned) (#$genlInverse #$aligned #$aligned) (#$genlInverse #$aligned #$spatiallyRelated) (#$interArgIsa1-2 #$aligned #$SpatialThing-Localized #$SpatialThing-Localized) (#$interArgIsa2-1 #$aligned #$SpatialThing-Localized #$SpatialThing-Localized) (#$isa #$aligned #$SpatialPredicate) (#$isa #$aligned #$SymmetricBinaryPredicate) (#$arg1Isa #$alignedAlong #$SpatialThing) (#$arg1Isa #$alignedAlong #$SpatialThing) (#$arg2Isa #$alignedAlong #$SpatialThing) (#$arg2Isa #$alignedAlong #$SpatialThing) (#$argIsa #$alignedAlong 1 #$SpatialThing) (#$argIsa #$alignedAlong 1 #$SpatialThing) (#$argIsa #$alignedAlong 1 #$SpatialThing) (#$argIsa #$alignedAlong 2 #$SpatialThing) (#$argIsa #$alignedAlong 2 #$SpatialThing) (#$argIsa #$alignedAlong 2 #$SpatialThing) (#$arity #$alignedAlong 2) (#$comment #$alignedAlong "(#$alignedAlong OBJ1 OBJ2) means that the two objects are adjacent and aligned so as to be oriented in the same way.") (#$genlInverse #$alignedAlong #$alignedAlong) (#$genlInverse #$alignedAlong #$alignedAlong) (#$genlPreds #$alignedAlong #$aligned) (#$genlPreds #$alignedAlong #$near) (#$interArgIsa1-2 #$alignedAlong #$SpatialThing-Localized #$SpatialThing-Localized) (#$interArgIsa2-1 #$alignedAlong #$SpatialThing-Localized #$SpatialThing-Localized) (#$isa #$alignedAlong #$IrreflexiveBinaryPredicate) (#$isa #$alignedAlong #$SpatialPredicate) (#$isa #$alignedAlong #$SymmetricBinaryPredicate) (#$arg1Isa #$alignedAlongSurface #$SpatialThing) (#$arg1Isa #$alignedAlongSurface #$SpatialThing) (#$arg2Isa #$alignedAlongSurface #$SpatialThing) (#$arg2Isa #$alignedAlongSurface #$SpatialThing) (#$argIsa #$alignedAlongSurface 1 #$SpatialThing) (#$argIsa #$alignedAlongSurface 1 #$SpatialThing) (#$argIsa #$alignedAlongSurface 1 #$SpatialThing) (#$argIsa #$alignedAlongSurface 2 #$SpatialThing) (#$argIsa #$alignedAlongSurface 2 #$SpatialThing) (#$argIsa #$alignedAlongSurface 2 #$SpatialThing) (#$arity #$alignedAlongSurface 2) (#$comment #$alignedAlongSurface "(#$alignedAlongSurface OBJ1 OBJ2) means that the surface of OBJ1 #$touches OBJ2 over a significant extent of OBJ2 (either area-wise or linearly).") (#$genlPreds #$alignedAlongSurface #$alignedAlong) (#$genlPreds #$alignedAlongSurface #$touches) (#$interArgIsa1-2 #$alignedAlongSurface #$SpatialThing-Localized #$SpatialThing-Localized) (#$interArgIsa2-1 #$alignedAlongSurface #$SpatialThing-Localized #$SpatialThing-Localized) (#$isa #$alignedAlongSurface #$IrreflexiveBinaryPredicate) (#$isa #$alignedAlongSurface #$SpatialPredicate) (#$isa #$AlimentaryCanal #$UniqueAnatomicalPartType) (#$comment #$AllEnglishLexicalMicrotheoryPSC "The context for inferences involving all and only english lexical mts. Note that the #$CommonEnglishMisspellingsMt and the #$WebLexicalNonExactMappingMt are not visible from this mt.") (#$genlMt #$AllEnglishLexicalMicrotheoryPSC #$AmericanEnglishCompositionalPhrasesLexicalMt) (#$genlMt #$AllEnglishLexicalMicrotheoryPSC #$AmericanEnglishMt) (#$genlMt #$AllEnglishLexicalMicrotheoryPSC #$AustralianEnglishMt) (#$genlMt #$AllEnglishLexicalMicrotheoryPSC #$BaseKB) (#$genlMt #$AllEnglishLexicalMicrotheoryPSC #$BritishEnglishMt) (#$genlMt #$AllEnglishLexicalMicrotheoryPSC #$CanadianEnglishMt) (#$genlMt #$AllEnglishLexicalMicrotheoryPSC #$CommonEnglishMisspellingsMt) (#$genlMt #$AllEnglishLexicalMicrotheoryPSC #$CommonWealthEnglishCompositionalPhrasesLexicalMt) (#$genlMt #$AllEnglishLexicalMicrotheoryPSC #$CommonWealthEnglishMt) (#$genlMt #$AllEnglishLexicalMicrotheoryPSC #$ComputereseLexicalMt) (#$genlMt #$AllEnglishLexicalMicrotheoryPSC #$CyclishMt) (#$genlMt #$AllEnglishLexicalMicrotheoryPSC #$DiseaseLexicalMt) (#$genlMt #$AllEnglishLexicalMicrotheoryPSC #$EnglishCompositionalPhrasesLexicalMt) (#$genlMt #$AllEnglishLexicalMicrotheoryPSC #$EnglishLexiconMt) (#$genlMt #$AllEnglishLexicalMicrotheoryPSC #$EnglishMt) (#$genlMt #$AllEnglishLexicalMicrotheoryPSC #$EnglishParaphraseMt) (#$genlMt #$AllEnglishLexicalMicrotheoryPSC #$GeneralEnglishMt) (#$genlMt #$AllEnglishLexicalMicrotheoryPSC #$GeneralMilitaryLexicalMt) (#$genlMt #$AllEnglishLexicalMicrotheoryPSC #$GeneralScientificLexicalMt) (#$genlMt #$AllEnglishLexicalMicrotheoryPSC #$IrishEnglishMt) (#$genlMt #$AllEnglishLexicalMicrotheoryPSC #$NameLexicalMt) (#$genlMt #$AllEnglishLexicalMicrotheoryPSC #$NeedsOELexicalMt) (#$genlMt #$AllEnglishLexicalMicrotheoryPSC #$NewLatinLexicalMt) (#$genlMt #$AllEnglishLexicalMicrotheoryPSC #$NewZealandEnglishMt) (#$genlMt #$AllEnglishLexicalMicrotheoryPSC #$NonAmericanEnglishMt) (#$genlMt #$AllEnglishLexicalMicrotheoryPSC #$RelationParaphraseMt) (#$genlMt #$AllEnglishLexicalMicrotheoryPSC #$ScottishEnglishMt) (#$genlMt #$AllEnglishLexicalMicrotheoryPSC #$SouthAfricanEnglishMt) (#$genlMt #$AllEnglishLexicalMicrotheoryPSC #$TechnicalEnglishLexicalMt) (#$genlMt #$AllEnglishLexicalMicrotheoryPSC #$TemporaryEnglishMt) (#$isa #$AllEnglishLexicalMicrotheoryPSC #$ProblemSolvingCntxt) (#$comment #$AllEnglishTemplateMt "This Mt contains genlMt links to all English-specific template Mts, and as such it should reference all English parsing templates.") (#$genlMt #$AllEnglishTemplateMt #$AnthraxTemplateMt) (#$genlMt #$AllEnglishTemplateMt #$BaseKB) (#$genlMt #$AllEnglishTemplateMt #$DeepCoverageTemplateMt) (#$genlMt #$AllEnglishTemplateMt #$EnglishTemplateMt) (#$genlMt #$AllEnglishTemplateMt #$RelativeClausesTemplateMt) (#$isa #$AllEnglishTemplateMt #$Microtheory) (#$isa #$AllEnglishTemplateMt #$TemplateParsingMicrotheory) (#$comment #$AllEnglishValidatedLexicalMicrotheoryPSC "A problem solving context in which all english lexical assertions which have either been reviewed or made by a lexicographer are visible.") (#$genlMt #$AllEnglishValidatedLexicalMicrotheoryPSC #$AmericanEnglishCompositionalPhrasesLexicalMt) (#$genlMt #$AllEnglishValidatedLexicalMicrotheoryPSC #$AmericanEnglishMt) (#$genlMt #$AllEnglishValidatedLexicalMicrotheoryPSC #$AustralianEnglishMt) (#$genlMt #$AllEnglishValidatedLexicalMicrotheoryPSC #$BaseKB) (#$genlMt #$AllEnglishValidatedLexicalMicrotheoryPSC #$BritishEnglishMt) (#$genlMt #$AllEnglishValidatedLexicalMicrotheoryPSC #$CanadianEnglishMt) (#$genlMt #$AllEnglishValidatedLexicalMicrotheoryPSC #$CommonEnglishMisspellingsMt) (#$genlMt #$AllEnglishValidatedLexicalMicrotheoryPSC #$CommonWealthEnglishCompositionalPhrasesLexicalMt) (#$genlMt #$AllEnglishValidatedLexicalMicrotheoryPSC #$CommonWealthEnglishMt) (#$genlMt #$AllEnglishValidatedLexicalMicrotheoryPSC #$CyclishMt) (#$genlMt #$AllEnglishValidatedLexicalMicrotheoryPSC #$DiseaseLexicalMt) (#$genlMt #$AllEnglishValidatedLexicalMicrotheoryPSC #$EnglishCompositionalPhrasesLexicalMt) (#$genlMt #$AllEnglishValidatedLexicalMicrotheoryPSC #$EnglishLexiconMt) (#$genlMt #$AllEnglishValidatedLexicalMicrotheoryPSC #$EnglishMt) (#$genlMt #$AllEnglishValidatedLexicalMicrotheoryPSC #$EnglishParaphraseMt) (#$genlMt #$AllEnglishValidatedLexicalMicrotheoryPSC #$GeneralEnglishMt) (#$genlMt #$AllEnglishValidatedLexicalMicrotheoryPSC #$GeneralMilitaryLexicalMt) (#$genlMt #$AllEnglishValidatedLexicalMicrotheoryPSC #$GeneralScientificLexicalMt) (#$genlMt #$AllEnglishValidatedLexicalMicrotheoryPSC #$IrishEnglishMt) (#$genlMt #$AllEnglishValidatedLexicalMicrotheoryPSC #$NameLexicalMt) (#$genlMt #$AllEnglishValidatedLexicalMicrotheoryPSC #$NewLatinLexicalMt) (#$genlMt #$AllEnglishValidatedLexicalMicrotheoryPSC #$NewZealandEnglishMt) (#$genlMt #$AllEnglishValidatedLexicalMicrotheoryPSC #$NonAmericanEnglishMt) (#$genlMt #$AllEnglishValidatedLexicalMicrotheoryPSC #$RelationParaphraseMt) (#$genlMt #$AllEnglishValidatedLexicalMicrotheoryPSC #$ScottishEnglishMt) (#$genlMt #$AllEnglishValidatedLexicalMicrotheoryPSC #$SouthAfricanEnglishMt) (#$genlMt #$AllEnglishValidatedLexicalMicrotheoryPSC #$TechnicalEnglishLexicalMt) (#$isa #$AllEnglishValidatedLexicalMicrotheoryPSC #$ProblemSolvingCntxt) (#$comment #$AllergicReaction "A collection of dynamic, physiological states. An instance of #$AllergicReaction is an event in which an organism which is exposed to a particular substance (e.g., pollen, mold) develops some abnormality or impairment of its physiological condition as a result of interacting with the substance. Allergic reactions to some types of substances occur widely in members of a species; e.g., #$PoisonIvyPoisoning in humans. But other allergic reactions affect only a small proportion of a species, such as human allergies to penicillin. This concept is the collection of events in which allergic reactions are `taking place', not abstract unrealized potential situations such as `John is allergic to milk.' I.e., if John were allergic to milk, and he drank some, and then proceeded to have a whopping bad allergic reaction, that latter event would be an instance of #$AllergicReaction.") (#$genls #$AllergicReaction #$AilmentCondition) (#$genls #$AllergicReaction #$Individual) (#$isa #$AllergicReaction #$PhysiologicalConditionType) (#$genlMt #$AllLanguageLexicalNonParaphraseMicrotheoryPSC #$AmericanEnglishCompositionalPhrasesLexicalMt) (#$genlMt #$AllLanguageLexicalNonParaphraseMicrotheoryPSC #$AmericanEnglishMt) (#$genlMt #$AllLanguageLexicalNonParaphraseMicrotheoryPSC #$AustralianEnglishMt) (#$genlMt #$AllLanguageLexicalNonParaphraseMicrotheoryPSC #$BaseKB) (#$genlMt #$AllLanguageLexicalNonParaphraseMicrotheoryPSC #$BritishEnglishMt) (#$genlMt #$AllLanguageLexicalNonParaphraseMicrotheoryPSC #$CanadianEnglishMt) (#$genlMt #$AllLanguageLexicalNonParaphraseMicrotheoryPSC #$CommonWealthEnglishMt) (#$genlMt #$AllLanguageLexicalNonParaphraseMicrotheoryPSC #$EnglishCompositionalPhrasesLexicalMt) (#$genlMt #$AllLanguageLexicalNonParaphraseMicrotheoryPSC #$EnglishLexiconMt) (#$genlMt #$AllLanguageLexicalNonParaphraseMicrotheoryPSC #$EnglishMt) (#$genlMt #$AllLanguageLexicalNonParaphraseMicrotheoryPSC #$EnglishTemplateMt) (#$genlMt #$AllLanguageLexicalNonParaphraseMicrotheoryPSC #$IrishEnglishMt) (#$genlMt #$AllLanguageLexicalNonParaphraseMicrotheoryPSC #$NewZealandEnglishMt) (#$genlMt #$AllLanguageLexicalNonParaphraseMicrotheoryPSC #$NonAmericanEnglishMt) (#$genlMt #$AllLanguageLexicalNonParaphraseMicrotheoryPSC #$ScottishEnglishMt) (#$genlMt #$AllLanguageLexicalNonParaphraseMicrotheoryPSC #$SouthAfricanEnglishMt) (#$isa #$AllLanguageLexicalNonParaphraseMicrotheoryPSC #$ProblemSolvingCntxt) (#$comment #$AllLexicalMicrotheoryPSC "A problem solving context in which all lexical assertions in the entire KB are visible. This context can be used for NL testing. See spec Mt's such as #$KBIT-GenPhraseWithNoParsingAssertion for examples of such.") (#$genlMt #$AllLexicalMicrotheoryPSC #$AmericanEnglishCompositionalPhrasesLexicalMt) (#$genlMt #$AllLexicalMicrotheoryPSC #$AmericanEnglishMt) (#$genlMt #$AllLexicalMicrotheoryPSC #$AustralianEnglishMt) (#$genlMt #$AllLexicalMicrotheoryPSC #$BaseKB) (#$genlMt #$AllLexicalMicrotheoryPSC #$BritishEnglishMt) (#$genlMt #$AllLexicalMicrotheoryPSC #$CanadianEnglishMt) (#$genlMt #$AllLexicalMicrotheoryPSC #$CommonEnglishMisspellingsMt) (#$genlMt #$AllLexicalMicrotheoryPSC #$CommonWealthEnglishCompositionalPhrasesLexicalMt) (#$genlMt #$AllLexicalMicrotheoryPSC #$CommonWealthEnglishMt) (#$genlMt #$AllLexicalMicrotheoryPSC #$ComputereseLexicalMt) (#$genlMt #$AllLexicalMicrotheoryPSC #$CyclishMt) (#$genlMt #$AllLexicalMicrotheoryPSC #$CyclishParaphraseMt) (#$genlMt #$AllLexicalMicrotheoryPSC #$DiseaseLexicalMt) (#$genlMt #$AllLexicalMicrotheoryPSC #$EnglishCompositionalPhrasesLexicalMt) (#$genlMt #$AllLexicalMicrotheoryPSC #$EnglishLexiconMt) (#$genlMt #$AllLexicalMicrotheoryPSC #$EnglishMt) (#$genlMt #$AllLexicalMicrotheoryPSC #$EnglishParaphraseMt) (#$genlMt #$AllLexicalMicrotheoryPSC #$EnglishParaphraseMt) (#$genlMt #$AllLexicalMicrotheoryPSC #$GeneralEnglishMt) (#$genlMt #$AllLexicalMicrotheoryPSC #$GeneralMilitaryLexicalMt) (#$genlMt #$AllLexicalMicrotheoryPSC #$GeneralMilitaryLexicalMt) (#$genlMt #$AllLexicalMicrotheoryPSC #$GeneralScientificLexicalMt) (#$genlMt #$AllLexicalMicrotheoryPSC #$IrishEnglishMt) (#$genlMt #$AllLexicalMicrotheoryPSC #$NameLexicalMt) (#$genlMt #$AllLexicalMicrotheoryPSC #$NeedsOELexicalMt) (#$genlMt #$AllLexicalMicrotheoryPSC #$NewLatinLexicalMt) (#$genlMt #$AllLexicalMicrotheoryPSC #$NewZealandEnglishMt) (#$genlMt #$AllLexicalMicrotheoryPSC #$NonAmericanEnglishMt) (#$genlMt #$AllLexicalMicrotheoryPSC #$RelationParaphraseMt) (#$genlMt #$AllLexicalMicrotheoryPSC #$ScottishEnglishMt) (#$genlMt #$AllLexicalMicrotheoryPSC #$SouthAfricanEnglishMt) (#$genlMt #$AllLexicalMicrotheoryPSC #$TechnicalEnglishLexicalMt) (#$genlMt #$AllLexicalMicrotheoryPSC #$TechnicalEnglishLexicalMt) (#$genlMt #$AllLexicalMicrotheoryPSC #$TemporaryEnglishMt) (#$genlMt #$AllLexicalMicrotheoryPSC #$TemporaryEnglishParaphraseMt) (#$genlMt #$AllLexicalMicrotheoryPSC #$TemporaryLexicalAssertions-GuessedMt) (#$genlMt #$AllLexicalMicrotheoryPSC #$TemporaryLexicalAssertionsMt) (#$isa #$AllLexicalMicrotheoryPSC #$ProblemSolvingCntxt) (#$comment #$AllLexicalNonParaphraseMicrotheoryPSC "The context from which all lexical microtheories which are not also instances of #$ParaphraseMicrotheory are visible.") (#$genlMt #$AllLexicalNonParaphraseMicrotheoryPSC #$AmericanEnglishCompositionalPhrasesLexicalMt) (#$genlMt #$AllLexicalNonParaphraseMicrotheoryPSC #$AmericanEnglishMt) (#$genlMt #$AllLexicalNonParaphraseMicrotheoryPSC #$AustralianEnglishMt) (#$genlMt #$AllLexicalNonParaphraseMicrotheoryPSC #$BaseKB) (#$genlMt #$AllLexicalNonParaphraseMicrotheoryPSC #$BritishEnglishMt) (#$genlMt #$AllLexicalNonParaphraseMicrotheoryPSC #$CanadianEnglishMt) (#$genlMt #$AllLexicalNonParaphraseMicrotheoryPSC #$CommonEnglishMisspellingsMt) (#$genlMt #$AllLexicalNonParaphraseMicrotheoryPSC #$CommonWealthEnglishCompositionalPhrasesLexicalMt) (#$genlMt #$AllLexicalNonParaphraseMicrotheoryPSC #$CommonWealthEnglishMt) (#$genlMt #$AllLexicalNonParaphraseMicrotheoryPSC #$ComputereseLexicalMt) (#$genlMt #$AllLexicalNonParaphraseMicrotheoryPSC #$CyclishMt) (#$genlMt #$AllLexicalNonParaphraseMicrotheoryPSC #$DiseaseLexicalMt) (#$genlMt #$AllLexicalNonParaphraseMicrotheoryPSC #$EnglishCompositionalPhrasesLexicalMt) (#$genlMt #$AllLexicalNonParaphraseMicrotheoryPSC #$EnglishLexiconMt) (#$genlMt #$AllLexicalNonParaphraseMicrotheoryPSC #$EnglishMt) (#$genlMt #$AllLexicalNonParaphraseMicrotheoryPSC #$GeneralEnglishMt) (#$genlMt #$AllLexicalNonParaphraseMicrotheoryPSC #$GeneralMilitaryLexicalMt) (#$genlMt #$AllLexicalNonParaphraseMicrotheoryPSC #$GeneralScientificLexicalMt) (#$genlMt #$AllLexicalNonParaphraseMicrotheoryPSC #$IrishEnglishMt) (#$genlMt #$AllLexicalNonParaphraseMicrotheoryPSC #$NameLexicalMt) (#$genlMt #$AllLexicalNonParaphraseMicrotheoryPSC #$NeedsOELexicalMt) (#$genlMt #$AllLexicalNonParaphraseMicrotheoryPSC #$NewLatinLexicalMt) (#$genlMt #$AllLexicalNonParaphraseMicrotheoryPSC #$NewZealandEnglishMt) (#$genlMt #$AllLexicalNonParaphraseMicrotheoryPSC #$NonAmericanEnglishMt) (#$genlMt #$AllLexicalNonParaphraseMicrotheoryPSC #$ScottishEnglishMt) (#$genlMt #$AllLexicalNonParaphraseMicrotheoryPSC #$SouthAfricanEnglishMt) (#$genlMt #$AllLexicalNonParaphraseMicrotheoryPSC #$TechnicalEnglishLexicalMt) (#$genlMt #$AllLexicalNonParaphraseMicrotheoryPSC #$TemporaryEnglishMt) (#$genlMt #$AllLexicalNonParaphraseMicrotheoryPSC #$TemporaryLexicalAssertions-GuessedMt) (#$genlMt #$AllLexicalNonParaphraseMicrotheoryPSC #$TemporaryLexicalAssertionsMt) (#$isa #$AllLexicalNonParaphraseMicrotheoryPSC #$ProblemSolvingCntxt) (#$comment #$AllowGenericArgVariables "A canonicalizer directive which directs the #$CycCanonicalizer to allow generic arg variables, e.g. :ARG1, :ARG2, and treat them as #$CycLVariables.") (#$isa #$AllowGenericArgVariables #$CanonicalizerDirective) (#$isa #$AllowGenericArgVariables #$CoreImplementationConstant) (#$comment #$AllowKeywordVariables "A canonicalizer directive which directs the #$CycCanonicalizer to allow keyword variables, e.g. :NOUN or :ARG1, and treat them as #$CycLVariables. Keyword variables are like meta-variables.") (#$isa #$AllowKeywordVariables #$CanonicalizerDirective) (#$isa #$AllowKeywordVariables #$CoreImplementationConstant) (#$comment #$AlphaProcessorArchitecture "An instance of #$ComputerArchitectureAttribute. #$AlphaProcessorArchitecture is a type of RISC computer processor architecture, produced by #$CompaqInc. An early 64-bit architecture, it lost much of its market after Microsoft announced that Windows wouldn't support it.") (#$isa #$AlphaProcessorArchitecture #$AttributeValue) (#$isa #$AlphaProcessorArchitecture #$ComputerArchitectureAttribute) (#$arg1Isa #$altitudeAboveSeaLevel #$SpatialThing) (#$arg2Format #$altitudeAboveSeaLevel #$IntervalEntry) (#$arg2Format #$altitudeAboveSeaLevel #$IntervalEntry) (#$arg2Isa #$altitudeAboveSeaLevel #$Distance) (#$argFormat #$altitudeAboveSeaLevel 2 #$IntervalEntry) (#$argFormat #$altitudeAboveSeaLevel 2 #$IntervalEntry) (#$argIsa #$altitudeAboveSeaLevel 2 #$Distance) (#$argIsa #$altitudeAboveSeaLevel 2 #$Distance) (#$argIsa #$altitudeAboveSeaLevel 1 #$SpatialThing) (#$argIsa #$altitudeAboveSeaLevel 1 #$SpatialThing) (#$arity #$altitudeAboveSeaLevel 2) (#$comment #$altitudeAboveSeaLevel "(#$altitudeAboveSeaLevel OBJECT ALTITUDE) means that ALTITUDE is the vertical distance between the bottom of an arbitrary object and sea level. #$Altimeters measure ALTITUDE. See also #$altitudeAboveGround and #$distanceAboveSeaLevel (the latter applies only to #$GeographicalRegions.") (#$functionalInArgs #$altitudeAboveSeaLevel 2) (#$functionalInArgs #$altitudeAboveSeaLevel 2) (#$isa #$altitudeAboveSeaLevel #$BinaryPredicate) (#$isa #$altitudeAboveSeaLevel #$IntervalBasedQuantitySlot) (#$isa #$altitudeAboveSeaLevel #$ObjectPredicate) (#$relationAllExists #$altitudeAboveSeaLevel #$PartiallyTangible #$Distance) (#$relationInstanceExists #$altitudeAboveSeaLevel (#$GenericInstanceFn #$Dog) #$Distance) (#$relationInstanceExists #$altitudeAboveSeaLevel (#$GenericInstanceFn #$Dog) #$Distance) (#$relationInstanceExists #$altitudeAboveSeaLevel (#$GenericInstanceFn #$Dog) #$Distance) (#$relationInstanceExists #$altitudeAboveSeaLevel (#$GenericInstanceFn #$Dog) #$Distance) (#$comment #$Always-TimeInterval "The interval of time which encompasses all time. In more general MTs we remain agnostic as to whether this time interval has either a beginning or an end, but if it does, #$Always-TimeInterval begins when time itself begins and ends only when time ends completely. Every other instance of #$TimeInterval is a #$timeSlices of #$Always-TimeInterval. ") (#$isa #$Always-TimeInterval #$Individual) (#$isa #$Always-TimeInterval #$TimeInterval) (#$comment #$AmbientConditionsMt "Microtheory of what it feels like in a place, from the point of view of an observer who might be there. This includes temperature, air quality, etc. This is how what weather feels like locally is described. To specify the ambient conditions at a given locale, use #$AmbientConditionsDataMt. See also #$WeatherProcessMt.") (#$genlMt #$AmbientConditionsMt #$AmbientConditionsVocabularyMt) (#$genlMt #$AmbientConditionsMt #$BaseKB) (#$genlMt #$AmbientConditionsMt #$BaseKB) (#$genlMt #$AmbientConditionsMt #$EcologyMt) (#$genlMt #$AmbientConditionsMt #$TerrestrialFrameOfReferenceMt) (#$genlMt #$AmbientConditionsMt #$WeatherMt) (#$isa #$AmbientConditionsMt #$GeneralMicrotheory) (#$isa #$AmbientConditionsMt #$TheoryMicrotheory) (#$comment #$AmbientConditionsVocabularyMt "The #$VocabularyMicrotheory for #$AmbientConditionsMt.") (#$genlMt #$AmbientConditionsVocabularyMt #$BaseKB) (#$genlMt #$AmbientConditionsVocabularyMt #$EcologyVocabularyMt) (#$genlMt #$AmbientConditionsVocabularyMt #$TerrestrialFrameOfReferenceVocabularyMt) (#$genlMt #$AmbientConditionsVocabularyMt #$WeatherVocabularyMt) (#$isa #$AmbientConditionsVocabularyMt #$VocabularyMicrotheory) (#$arg1Isa #$ambientTemperature #$PartiallyTangible) (#$arg1Isa #$ambientTemperature #$PartiallyTangible) (#$arg2Format #$ambientTemperature #$IntervalEntry) (#$arg2Format #$ambientTemperature #$IntervalEntry) (#$arg2Isa #$ambientTemperature #$Temperature) (#$arg2Isa #$ambientTemperature #$Temperature) (#$argFormat #$ambientTemperature 2 #$IntervalEntry) (#$argFormat #$ambientTemperature 2 #$IntervalEntry) (#$argIsa #$ambientTemperature 1 #$PartiallyTangible) (#$argIsa #$ambientTemperature 1 #$PartiallyTangible) (#$argIsa #$ambientTemperature 1 #$PartiallyTangible) (#$argIsa #$ambientTemperature 2 #$Temperature) (#$argIsa #$ambientTemperature 2 #$Temperature) (#$argIsa #$ambientTemperature 2 #$Temperature) (#$arity #$ambientTemperature 2) (#$comment #$ambientTemperature "A #$PhysicalAttributeDescriptionSlot. The predicate #$ambientTemperature is used to indicate the average temperature in the free space around a particular object. (#$ambientTemperature OBJ TEMP) means that the space around the tangible object OBJ is at the #$Temperature TEMP. Used with #$holdsIn (q.v.), #$ambientTemperature expresses the surrounding temperature for a given object at some point in time. For the temperature of the object itself, use #$temperatureOfObject (q.v.).") (#$functionalInArgs #$ambientTemperature 2) (#$functionalInArgs #$ambientTemperature 2) (#$genlPreds #$ambientTemperature #$hasAttributes) (#$isa #$ambientTemperature #$IntervalBasedQuantitySlot) (#$transitiveViaArg #$ambientTemperature #$genlAttributes 2) (#$comment #$Ambulance "#$Ambulance is a specialization of #$RescueVehicle, #$EmergencyVehicle, and #$SpecialPurposeVehicle. Each instance of #$Ambulance is a road vehicle equipped primarily for transporting wounded, injured, or sick persons.") (#$disjointWith #$Ambulance #$Motorcycle) (#$genls #$Ambulance #$EmergencyVehicle) (#$genls #$Ambulance #$HumanlyOccupiedSpatialObject) (#$genls #$Ambulance #$Individual) (#$genls #$Ambulance #$RoadVehicle-GasolineEngine) (#$isa #$Ambulance #$ExistingObjectType) (#$isa #$Ambulance #$ProductType) (#$isa #$Ambulance #$RoadVehicleTypeByUse) (#$siblingDisjointExceptions #$Ambulance #$Automobile) (#$comment #$Ambulation "The collection of all locomotion events on solid surfaces in which the locomotor moves by lifting its feet, moving them through the air, and setting them down in a new location. Includes walking, running, skipping, trotting, etc.") (#$genls #$Ambulation #$BodyMovementEvent) (#$genls #$Ambulation #$Individual) (#$genls #$Ambulation #$LocomotionProcess-Animal) (#$genls #$Ambulation #$Locomotion-SolidSurface) (#$genls #$Ambulation #$SingleDoerAction) (#$isa #$Ambulation #$TemporalStuffType) (#$comment #$AmericanEnglishCompositionalPhrasesLexicalMt "The mt for semantic mappings between Cyc terms and english phrases specific to american english (see #$AmericanEnglishMt and #$CommonWealthEnglishMt for more on the national standards) that can be understood compositionally.") (#$genlMt #$AmericanEnglishCompositionalPhrasesLexicalMt #$AmericanEnglishMt) (#$genlMt #$AmericanEnglishCompositionalPhrasesLexicalMt #$BaseKB) (#$genlMt #$AmericanEnglishCompositionalPhrasesLexicalMt #$BaseKB) (#$genlMt #$AmericanEnglishCompositionalPhrasesLexicalMt #$EnglishCompositionalPhrasesLexicalMt) (#$genlMt #$AmericanEnglishCompositionalPhrasesLexicalMt #$GeneralLexiconMt) (#$isa #$AmericanEnglishCompositionalPhrasesLexicalMt #$EnglishLexicalMicrotheory) (#$isa #$AmericanEnglishCompositionalPhrasesLexicalMt #$Language-SpecificMicrotheory) (#$isa #$AmericanEnglishCompositionalPhrasesLexicalMt #$Microtheory) (#$comment #$AmericanEnglishMt "The mt for semantic mappings between Cyc terms and english words or phrases peculiar to American English. Example: (#$denotation #$Trash-TheWord #$MassNoun 0 #$Garbage-Generic). This mt also includes pos information peculiar to American English. Example: (#$massNumber #$Color-TheWord \"color\"). See the comment on #$EnglishLexiconMt for more on this and on the other english national standards represented in our lexicon.") (#$genlMt #$AmericanEnglishMt #$BaseKB) (#$genlMt #$AmericanEnglishMt #$BaseKB) (#$genlMt #$AmericanEnglishMt #$EnglishMt) (#$genlMt #$AmericanEnglishMt #$GeneralLexiconMt) (#$isa #$AmericanEnglishMt #$EnglishLexicalMicrotheory) (#$isa #$AmericanEnglishMt #$Language-SpecificMicrotheory) (#$isa #$AmericanEnglishMt #$Microtheory) (#$comment #$AmericanProfessionalSportsMt "A #$Microtheory for describing North American professional sports and teams.") (#$genlMt #$AmericanProfessionalSportsMt #$BaseKB) (#$genlMt #$AmericanProfessionalSportsMt #$BaseKB) (#$genlMt #$AmericanProfessionalSportsMt #$JobMt) (#$genlMt #$AmericanProfessionalSportsMt #$NameStringDefinitionMt) (#$genlMt #$AmericanProfessionalSportsMt #$NameStringDefinitionMt) (#$genlMt #$AmericanProfessionalSportsMt #$SportsMt) (#$genlMt #$AmericanProfessionalSportsMt #$UnitedStatesGeographyMt) (#$genlMt #$AmericanProfessionalSportsMt #$WorldGeographyDualistMt) (#$isa #$AmericanProfessionalSportsMt #$DataMicrotheory) (#$isa #$AmericanProfessionalSportsMt #$GeneralMicrotheory) (#$comment #$AmorphousThing "A specialization of #$SpatialThing. Each instance of #$AmorphousThing is a spatial object that has no well-defined shape. Of course, what counts as a \"well-defined shape\" can vary from context to context. Contrast with #$ShapedThing.") (#$disjointWith #$AmorphousThing #$ShapedThing) (#$genls #$AmorphousThing #$Individual) (#$genls #$AmorphousThing #$SpatialThing) (#$isa #$AmorphousThing #$ShapeType) (#$arg1Isa #$amountOfSalesByToDuring #$Agent) (#$arg2Isa #$amountOfSalesByToDuring #$Agent) (#$arg3Isa #$amountOfSalesByToDuring #$TimeInterval) (#$arg4Genl #$amountOfSalesByToDuring #$Product) (#$arg4Isa #$amountOfSalesByToDuring #$ProductType) (#$arg5Isa #$amountOfSalesByToDuring #$MonetaryValue) (#$argGenl #$amountOfSalesByToDuring 4 #$Product) (#$argGenl #$amountOfSalesByToDuring 4 #$Product) (#$argIsa #$amountOfSalesByToDuring 1 #$Agent) (#$argIsa #$amountOfSalesByToDuring 1 #$Agent) (#$argIsa #$amountOfSalesByToDuring 2 #$Agent) (#$argIsa #$amountOfSalesByToDuring 2 #$Agent) (#$argIsa #$amountOfSalesByToDuring 5 #$MonetaryValue) (#$argIsa #$amountOfSalesByToDuring 5 #$MonetaryValue) (#$argIsa #$amountOfSalesByToDuring 4 #$ProductType) (#$argIsa #$amountOfSalesByToDuring 4 #$ProductType) (#$argIsa #$amountOfSalesByToDuring 3 #$TimeInterval) (#$argIsa #$amountOfSalesByToDuring 3 #$TimeInterval) (#$arity #$amountOfSalesByToDuring 5) (#$comment #$amountOfSalesByToDuring "The predicate #$amountOfSalesByToDuring is used to indicate how much of a certain product was sold by a particular seller to a particular buyer. (#$amountOfSalesByToDuring SELLER BUYER TIMEPD PRODTYPE REVENUE) means that, during the #$TimeInterval TIMEPD, SELLER (an #$Agent) sold to BUYER (another #$Agent) some amount of the #$ProductType PRODTYPE, worth the total amount of #$MonetaryValue REVENUE. For example, to say that a restaurant, #$Threadgills, sold $3000 worth of their pumpkin pies to a local grocery store in November, we would say: (#$amountOfSalesByToDuring #$Threadgills HEBAt2222 (#$MonthFn #$November (#$YearFn 1996)) #$PumpkinPie (#$Dollar-UnitedStates 3000)).") (#$functionalInArgs #$amountOfSalesByToDuring 5) (#$isa #$amountOfSalesByToDuring #$FunctionalPredicate) (#$isa #$amountOfSalesByToDuring #$QuintaryPredicate) (#$argIsa #$Ampere 0 #$SubLRealNumber) (#$argsIsa #$Ampere #$SubLRealNumber) (#$argsIsa #$Ampere #$SubLRealNumber) (#$argsIsa #$Ampere #$SubLRealNumber) (#$arityMax #$Ampere 2) (#$arityMax #$Ampere 2) (#$arityMin #$Ampere 1) (#$arityMin #$Ampere 1) (#$comment #$Ampere "The standard unit of measure of electrical current, equivalent to a 1-#$Coulomb flow of current, or 1 #$Volt across a resistance of 1 #$Ohm.") (#$isa #$Ampere #$MKSUnitOfMeasure) (#$isa #$Ampere #$StandardUnitOfMeasure) (#$isa #$Ampere #$UnitOfCurrent) (#$isa #$Ampere #$UnitOfMeasureNoPrefix) (#$resultIsa #$Ampere #$ElectricalCurrentLevel) (#$resultIsa #$Ampere #$ElectricalCurrentLevel) (#$resultIsa #$Ampere #$Rate) (#$resultIsa #$Ampere #$ScalarInterval) (#$resultIsa #$Ampere #$ScalarInterval) (#$comment #$Amphibian "A specialization of #$Poikilotherm and #$Vertebrate. Each instance of #$Amphibian isa a cold-blodded and smooth-skinned vertebrate that hatches from an egg to form an aquatic larva (see #$Larva), which then metamorphoses into an air-breathing adult (see #$AirBreathingVertebrate). Important subcollections include #$Frog and #$Salamander.") (#$genls #$Amphibian #$Individual) (#$genls #$Amphibian #$Poikilotherm) (#$genls #$Amphibian #$Vertebrate) (#$isa #$Amphibian #$BiologicalClass) (#$isa #$Amphibian #$ExistingObjectType) (#$isa #$Amphibian #$OrganismClassificationType) (#$arg1Isa #$amplitudeOfSignal #$WavePropagation) (#$arg1Isa #$amplitudeOfSignal #$WavePropagation) (#$arg2Format #$amplitudeOfSignal #$IntervalEntry) (#$arg2Format #$amplitudeOfSignal #$IntervalEntry) (#$arg2Isa #$amplitudeOfSignal #$Distance-Absolute) (#$arg2Isa #$amplitudeOfSignal #$Distance-Absolute) (#$argFormat #$amplitudeOfSignal 2 #$IntervalEntry) (#$argFormat #$amplitudeOfSignal 2 #$IntervalEntry) (#$argIsa #$amplitudeOfSignal 2 #$Distance-Absolute) (#$argIsa #$amplitudeOfSignal 2 #$Distance-Absolute) (#$argIsa #$amplitudeOfSignal 2 #$Distance-Absolute) (#$argIsa #$amplitudeOfSignal 1 #$WavePropagation) (#$argIsa #$amplitudeOfSignal 1 #$WavePropagation) (#$argIsa #$amplitudeOfSignal 1 #$WavePropagation) (#$arity #$amplitudeOfSignal 2) (#$comment #$amplitudeOfSignal "(#$amplitudeOfSignal WAVE AMP) means the distance from the average to the extremes of the signal WAVE is AMP.") (#$functionalInArgs #$amplitudeOfSignal 2) (#$functionalInArgs #$amplitudeOfSignal 2) (#$isa #$amplitudeOfSignal #$IntervalBasedQuantitySlot) (#$comment #$Amusement-Feeling "The emotion experienced when one finds something funny. Usually people laugh when they are amused.") (#$genls #$Amusement-Feeling #$Entertained-Emotion) (#$isa #$Amusement-Feeling #$AtemporalNecessarilyEssentialCollectionType) (#$isa #$Amusement-Feeling #$FeelingType) (#$arg1Format #$analogousFeelings #$SetTheFormat) (#$arg1Genl #$analogousFeelings #$FeelingAttribute) (#$arg1Isa #$analogousFeelings #$FeelingType) (#$arg2Format #$analogousFeelings #$SetTheFormat) (#$arg2Genl #$analogousFeelings #$FeelingAttribute) (#$arg2Isa #$analogousFeelings #$FeelingType) (#$argFormat #$analogousFeelings 1 #$SetTheFormat) (#$argFormat #$analogousFeelings 2 #$SetTheFormat) (#$argGenl #$analogousFeelings 1 #$FeelingAttribute) (#$argGenl #$analogousFeelings 1 #$FeelingAttribute) (#$argGenl #$analogousFeelings 2 #$FeelingAttribute) (#$argGenl #$analogousFeelings 2 #$FeelingAttribute) (#$argIsa #$analogousFeelings 1 #$FeelingType) (#$argIsa #$analogousFeelings 1 #$FeelingType) (#$argIsa #$analogousFeelings 2 #$FeelingType) (#$argIsa #$analogousFeelings 2 #$FeelingType) (#$arity #$analogousFeelings 2) (#$comment #$analogousFeelings "(#$analogousFeelings EMOTYPE1 EMOTYPE2) means that a feeling of the type EMOTYPE1 is analogous to a feeling of the type EMOTYPE2. In part, this means that there is a high probability that an agent having an emotion of one type is also feeling an emotion of the other type. Often the two feelings differ only in degree, context, etc. E.g., (#$analogousFeelings #$Irritation #$Anger) and (#$analogousFeelings #$Irritation #$Impatience).") (#$genlInverse #$analogousFeelings #$analogousFeelings) (#$genlPreds #$analogousFeelings #$conceptuallyRelated) (#$isa #$analogousFeelings #$CoEquivalenceBinaryPredicate) (#$isa #$analogousFeelings #$CollectionPredicate) (#$isa #$analogousFeelings #$IrreflexiveBinaryPredicate) (#$isa #$analogousFeelings #$SymmetricBinaryPredicate) (#$arg1Format #$anatomicallyCapableOf #$SetTheFormat) (#$arg1Isa #$anatomicallyCapableOf #$Animal) (#$arg1Isa #$anatomicallyCapableOf #$Animal) (#$arg2Format #$anatomicallyCapableOf #$SetTheFormat) (#$arg2Genl #$anatomicallyCapableOf #$AnimalActivity) (#$arg2Genl #$anatomicallyCapableOf #$AnimalActivity) (#$arg2Isa #$anatomicallyCapableOf #$FirstOrderCollection) (#$arg2Isa #$anatomicallyCapableOf #$FirstOrderCollection) (#$arg3Format #$anatomicallyCapableOf #$SetTheFormat) (#$arg3Isa #$anatomicallyCapableOf #$BinaryRolePredicate) (#$arg3Isa #$anatomicallyCapableOf #$BinaryRolePredicate) (#$argFormat #$anatomicallyCapableOf 1 #$SetTheFormat) (#$argFormat #$anatomicallyCapableOf 2 #$SetTheFormat) (#$argFormat #$anatomicallyCapableOf 3 #$SetTheFormat) (#$argGenl #$anatomicallyCapableOf 2 #$AnimalActivity) (#$argGenl #$anatomicallyCapableOf 2 #$AnimalActivity) (#$argGenl #$anatomicallyCapableOf 2 #$AnimalActivity) (#$argIsa #$anatomicallyCapableOf 1 #$Animal) (#$argIsa #$anatomicallyCapableOf 1 #$Animal) (#$argIsa #$anatomicallyCapableOf 1 #$Animal) (#$argIsa #$anatomicallyCapableOf 3 #$BinaryRolePredicate) (#$argIsa #$anatomicallyCapableOf 3 #$BinaryRolePredicate) (#$argIsa #$anatomicallyCapableOf 3 #$BinaryRolePredicate) (#$argIsa #$anatomicallyCapableOf 2 #$FirstOrderCollection) (#$argIsa #$anatomicallyCapableOf 2 #$FirstOrderCollection) (#$argIsa #$anatomicallyCapableOf 2 #$FirstOrderCollection) (#$arity #$anatomicallyCapableOf 3) (#$comment #$anatomicallyCapableOf "The predicate #$anatomicallyCapableOf indicates that an agent is anatomically able to play a certain role in a certain type of situation or event. (#$anatomicallyCapableOf AGENT SIT-TYPE ROLE) means that an individual #$Animal AGENT has the anatomical prerequisites (natural or prosthetic) needed to play ROLE in normal instances of SIT-TYPE.") (#$isa #$anatomicallyCapableOf #$CapabilityPredicate-InstanceLevel) (#$isa #$anatomicallyCapableOf #$SituationTypeTernaryPredicate) (#$isa #$anatomicallyCapableOf #$TernaryPredicate) (#$arg1Isa #$anatomicalPartOfType #$Animal) (#$arg1Isa #$anatomicalPartOfType #$Animal) (#$arg2Format #$anatomicalPartOfType #$SingleEntry) (#$arg2Isa #$anatomicalPartOfType #$UniqueAnatomicalPartType) (#$arg2Isa #$anatomicalPartOfType #$UniqueAnatomicalPartType) (#$arg3Format #$anatomicalPartOfType #$SingleEntry) (#$arg3Isa #$anatomicalPartOfType #$AnimalBodyPart) (#$arg3Isa #$anatomicalPartOfType #$AnimalBodyPart) (#$argFormat #$anatomicalPartOfType 2 #$SingleEntry) (#$argFormat #$anatomicalPartOfType 3 #$SingleEntry) (#$argIsa #$anatomicalPartOfType 1 #$Animal) (#$argIsa #$anatomicalPartOfType 1 #$Animal) (#$argIsa #$anatomicalPartOfType 1 #$Animal) (#$argIsa #$anatomicalPartOfType 3 #$AnimalBodyPart) (#$argIsa #$anatomicalPartOfType 3 #$AnimalBodyPart) (#$argIsa #$anatomicalPartOfType 3 #$AnimalBodyPart) (#$argIsa #$anatomicalPartOfType 2 #$UniqueAnatomicalPartType) (#$argIsa #$anatomicalPartOfType 2 #$UniqueAnatomicalPartType) (#$argIsa #$anatomicalPartOfType 2 #$UniqueAnatomicalPartType) (#$arity #$anatomicalPartOfType 3) (#$comment #$anatomicalPartOfType "(#$anatomicalPartOfType ANIMAL TYPE PART) means that the #$AnimalBodyPart PART is an anatomical part (see the predicate #$anatomicalParts) of the #$Animal ANIMAL, and is an instance of the #$UniqueAnatomicalPartType TYPE.") (#$isa #$anatomicalPartOfType #$ObjectPredicate) (#$isa #$anatomicalPartOfType #$StrictlyFunctionalPredicate) (#$isa #$anatomicalPartOfType #$TernaryPredicate) (#$strictlyFunctionalInArgs #$anatomicalPartOfType 2) (#$strictlyFunctionalInArgs #$anatomicalPartOfType 3) (#$arg1Format #$anatomicalParts #$SingleEntry) (#$arg1Isa #$anatomicalParts #$Organism-Whole) (#$arg2Format #$anatomicalParts #$SetTheFormat) (#$arg2Isa #$anatomicalParts #$OrganismPart) (#$argFormat #$anatomicalParts 2 #$SetTheFormat) (#$argFormat #$anatomicalParts 1 #$SingleEntry) (#$argIsa #$anatomicalParts 2 #$OrganismPart) (#$argIsa #$anatomicalParts 2 #$OrganismPart) (#$argIsa #$anatomicalParts 1 #$Organism-Whole) (#$argIsa #$anatomicalParts 1 #$Organism-Whole) (#$arity #$anatomicalParts 2) (#$comment #$anatomicalParts "(#$anatomicalParts ORGANISM PART) means that the #$OrganismPart PART is an anatomical part of the #$Organism-Whole ORGANISM. One should use the predicate #$physicalParts (q.v.), rather than #$anatomicalParts, to relate an instance of #$OrganismPart (for example, a hand) to other #$OrganismParts (for example, the fingers of the hand) that are part of it.") (#$genlPreds #$anatomicalParts #$physicalParts) (#$interArgIsa1-2 #$anatomicalParts #$Animal #$AnimalBodyPart) (#$interArgIsa1-2 #$anatomicalParts #$Plant #$PlantPart) (#$interArgIsa2-1 #$anatomicalParts #$AnimalBodyPart #$Animal) (#$interArgIsa2-1 #$anatomicalParts #$AnimalBodyRegion #$Animal) (#$interArgIsa2-1 #$anatomicalParts (#$FruitFn #$CerealPlant) #$CerealPlant) (#$interArgIsa2-1 #$anatomicalParts #$PlantPart #$Plant) (#$interArgIsa2-1 #$anatomicalParts #$Plant #$PlantPart) (#$isa #$anatomicalParts #$BinaryPredicate) (#$isa #$anatomicalParts #$CotemporalObjectsSlot) (#$isa #$anatomicalParts #$FunctionalPredicate) (#$isa #$anatomicalParts #$PhysicalPartPredicate) (#$relationAllExists #$anatomicalParts #$Vertebrate #$Appendage-AnimalBodyPart) (#$relationAllExists #$anatomicalParts #$Primate #$Arm) (#$relationAllExists #$anatomicalParts #$Animal #$DigestiveSystem) (#$relationAllExists #$anatomicalParts #$Person #$Finger) (#$relationAllExists #$anatomicalParts #$Primate #$Foot-AnimalBodyPart) (#$relationAllExists #$anatomicalParts #$Primate #$Hand) (#$relationAllExists #$anatomicalParts #$Vertebrate #$Head-Vertebrate) (#$relationAllExists #$anatomicalParts #$Arthropod #$Leg) (#$relationAllExists #$anatomicalParts #$Primate #$Leg) (#$relationAllExists #$anatomicalParts #$Vertebrate #$Mouth) (#$relationAllExists #$anatomicalParts #$Mammal #$Nose) (#$relationAllExists #$anatomicalParts #$Animal #$ReproductiveSystem) (#$relationAllExists #$anatomicalParts #$Vertebrate #$Skin) (#$relationAllExists #$anatomicalParts #$Vertebrate #$Trunk-BodyCore) (#$relationAllExistsCount #$anatomicalParts #$Primate #$Arm 2) (#$relationAllExistsCount #$anatomicalParts #$Bird #$Leg 2) (#$relationAllExistsCount #$anatomicalParts #$CanineAnimal #$Leg 4) (#$relationAllExistsMax #$anatomicalParts #$Organism-Whole #$AlimentaryCanal 1) (#$relationAllExistsMax #$anatomicalParts #$Organism-Whole #$Brain 1) (#$relationAllExistsMax #$anatomicalParts #$Organism-Whole #$Brain 1) (#$relationAllExistsMax #$anatomicalParts #$Organism-Whole #$Brain 1) (#$relationAllExistsMax #$anatomicalParts #$Organism-Whole #$Chest-BodyPart 1) (#$relationAllExistsMax #$anatomicalParts #$Organism-Whole #$Chest-BodyPart 1) (#$relationAllExistsMax #$anatomicalParts #$Organism-Whole #$CirculatorySystem 1) (#$relationAllExistsMax #$anatomicalParts #$Organism-Whole #$CirculatorySystem 1) (#$relationAllExistsMax #$anatomicalParts #$Organism-Whole #$FaceOfAnimal 1) (#$relationAllExistsMax #$anatomicalParts #$Organism-Whole #$FaceOfAnimal 1) (#$relationAllExistsMax #$anatomicalParts #$Organism-Whole #$FaceOfAnimal 1) (#$relationAllExistsMax #$anatomicalParts #$Organism-Whole #$Head-AnimalBodyPart 1) (#$relationAllExistsMax #$anatomicalParts #$Organism-Whole #$Head-AnimalBodyPart 1) (#$relationAllExistsMax #$anatomicalParts #$Organism-Whole #$Head-Vertebrate 1) (#$relationAllExistsMax #$anatomicalParts #$Organism-Whole #$Head-Vertebrate 1) (#$relationAllExistsMax #$anatomicalParts #$Organism-Whole #$Heart 1) (#$relationAllExistsMax #$anatomicalParts #$Organism-Whole #$Heart 1) (#$relationAllExistsMax #$anatomicalParts #$Organism-Whole #$Liver 1) (#$relationAllExistsMax #$anatomicalParts #$Organism-Whole #$Liver 1) (#$relationAllExistsMax #$anatomicalParts #$Organism-Whole #$Mouth 1) (#$relationAllExistsMax #$anatomicalParts #$Organism-Whole #$NervousSystem 1) (#$relationAllExistsMax #$anatomicalParts #$Organism-Whole #$NervousSystem 1) (#$relationAllExistsMax #$anatomicalParts #$Organism-Whole #$Nose 1) (#$relationAllExistsMax #$anatomicalParts #$Organism-Whole #$Nose 1) (#$relationAllExistsMax #$anatomicalParts #$Organism-Whole #$RespiratorySystem 1) (#$relationAllExistsMax #$anatomicalParts #$Organism-Whole #$RespiratorySystem 1) (#$relationAllExistsMax #$anatomicalParts #$Organism-Whole #$SkeletalSystem 1) (#$relationAllExistsMax #$anatomicalParts #$Organism-Whole #$SkeletalSystem 1) (#$relationAllExistsMax #$anatomicalParts #$Organism-Whole #$Stomach 1) (#$relationAllExistsMax #$anatomicalParts #$Organism-Whole #$Stomach 1) (#$relationAllExistsMax #$anatomicalParts #$Organism-Whole #$Torso 1) (#$relationAllExistsMax #$anatomicalParts #$Organism-Whole #$Torso 1) (#$relationAllExistsMax #$anatomicalParts #$Organism-Whole #$Trunk-BodyCore 1) (#$relationAllExistsMax #$anatomicalParts #$Organism-Whole #$Trunk-BodyCore 1) (#$relationAllExistsMax #$anatomicalParts #$Organism-Whole #$Trunk-BodyCore 1) (#$relationExistsAll #$anatomicalParts #$Animal #$AnimalBodyPart) (#$relationExistsAll #$anatomicalParts #$Organism-Whole #$OrganismPart) (#$relationInstanceExists #$anatomicalParts (#$GenericInstanceFn #$Dog) #$Appendage-AnimalBodyPart) (#$relationInstanceExists #$anatomicalParts (#$GenericInstanceFn #$Dog) #$DigestiveSystem) (#$relationInstanceExists #$anatomicalParts (#$GenericInstanceFn #$Dog) #$Head-Vertebrate) (#$relationInstanceExists #$anatomicalParts (#$GenericInstanceFn #$Dog) #$Mouth) (#$relationInstanceExists #$anatomicalParts (#$GenericInstanceFn #$Dog) #$Nose) (#$relationInstanceExists #$anatomicalParts (#$GenericInstanceFn #$Dog) #$ReproductiveSystem) (#$relationInstanceExists #$anatomicalParts (#$GenericInstanceFn #$Dog) #$Skin) (#$relationInstanceExists #$anatomicalParts (#$GenericInstanceFn #$Dog) #$Trunk-BodyCore) (#$strictlyFunctionalInArgs #$anatomicalParts 1) (#$typedGenlPreds #$anatomicalParts #$physicalParts) (#$arg1Isa #$anatomicalPartTypeAffected #$AnimalActivity) (#$arg1Isa #$anatomicalPartTypeAffected #$AnimalActivity) (#$arg2Format #$anatomicalPartTypeAffected #$SetTheFormat) (#$arg2Genl #$anatomicalPartTypeAffected #$AnimalBodyPart) (#$arg2Genl #$anatomicalPartTypeAffected #$AnimalBodyPart) (#$arg2Genl #$anatomicalPartTypeAffected #$Thing) (#$arg2Genl #$anatomicalPartTypeAffected #$Thing) (#$arg2Isa #$anatomicalPartTypeAffected #$Collection) (#$arg2Isa #$anatomicalPartTypeAffected #$Collection) (#$argFormat #$anatomicalPartTypeAffected 2 #$SetTheFormat) (#$argGenl #$anatomicalPartTypeAffected 2 #$AnimalBodyPart) (#$argGenl #$anatomicalPartTypeAffected 2 #$AnimalBodyPart) (#$argGenl #$anatomicalPartTypeAffected 2 #$AnimalBodyPart) (#$argGenl #$anatomicalPartTypeAffected 2 #$Thing) (#$argGenl #$anatomicalPartTypeAffected 2 #$Thing) (#$argGenl #$anatomicalPartTypeAffected 2 #$Thing) (#$argIsa #$anatomicalPartTypeAffected 1 #$AnimalActivity) (#$argIsa #$anatomicalPartTypeAffected 1 #$AnimalActivity) (#$argIsa #$anatomicalPartTypeAffected 1 #$AnimalActivity) (#$argIsa #$anatomicalPartTypeAffected 2 #$Collection) (#$argIsa #$anatomicalPartTypeAffected 2 #$Collection) (#$argIsa #$anatomicalPartTypeAffected 2 #$Collection) (#$arity #$anatomicalPartTypeAffected 2) (#$comment #$anatomicalPartTypeAffected "(#$anatomicalPartTypeAffected ACT BODYPARTTYPE) means that body parts of the #$AnimalBodyPartType BODYPARTTYPE are affected by the action ACT. For example, if BRUSHING is a #$TeethCleaning event, then (#$anatomicalPartTypeAffected BRUSHING #$SetOfTeeth).") (#$isa #$anatomicalPartTypeAffected #$BinaryPredicate) (#$isa #$anatomicalPartTypeAffected #$TypePredicate) (#$relationAllInstance #$anatomicalPartTypeAffected #$PuttingOnAClothingItem #$AnimalBodyPart) (#$relationAllInstance #$anatomicalPartTypeAffected #$TakingOffAClothingItem #$AnimalBodyPart) (#$transitiveViaArg #$anatomicalPartTypeAffected #$genls 2) (#$arg1Format #$anatomicalResourceRequired #$SetTheFormat) (#$arg1Isa #$anatomicalResourceRequired #$AnimalActivity) (#$arg1Isa #$anatomicalResourceRequired #$AnimalActivity) (#$arg2Format #$anatomicalResourceRequired #$SetTheFormat) (#$arg2Genl #$anatomicalResourceRequired #$AnimalBodyPart) (#$arg2Genl #$anatomicalResourceRequired #$AnimalBodyPart) (#$arg2Isa #$anatomicalResourceRequired #$ExistingObjectType) (#$arg2Isa #$anatomicalResourceRequired #$ExistingObjectType) (#$arg3Format #$anatomicalResourceRequired #$SetTheFormat) (#$arg3Isa #$anatomicalResourceRequired #$NonNegativeInteger) (#$arg3Isa #$anatomicalResourceRequired #$NonNegativeInteger) (#$argFormat #$anatomicalResourceRequired 1 #$SetTheFormat) (#$argFormat #$anatomicalResourceRequired 2 #$SetTheFormat) (#$argFormat #$anatomicalResourceRequired 3 #$SetTheFormat) (#$argGenl #$anatomicalResourceRequired 2 #$AnimalBodyPart) (#$argGenl #$anatomicalResourceRequired 2 #$AnimalBodyPart) (#$argGenl #$anatomicalResourceRequired 2 #$AnimalBodyPart) (#$argIsa #$anatomicalResourceRequired 1 #$AnimalActivity) (#$argIsa #$anatomicalResourceRequired 1 #$AnimalActivity) (#$argIsa #$anatomicalResourceRequired 1 #$AnimalActivity) (#$argIsa #$anatomicalResourceRequired 2 #$ExistingObjectType) (#$argIsa #$anatomicalResourceRequired 2 #$ExistingObjectType) (#$argIsa #$anatomicalResourceRequired 2 #$ExistingObjectType) (#$argIsa #$anatomicalResourceRequired 3 #$NonNegativeInteger) (#$argIsa #$anatomicalResourceRequired 3 #$NonNegativeInteger) (#$argIsa #$anatomicalResourceRequired 3 #$NonNegativeInteger) (#$arity #$anatomicalResourceRequired 3) (#$comment #$anatomicalResourceRequired "(#$anatomicalResourceRequired ACT BODYPARTTYPE NUM) means that the successful doer of ACT must have at least this many (NUM) of the #$AnimalBodyPartType BODYPARTTYPE. For example, if VOLANT is an instance of #$Flying-FlappingWings, then (#$anatomicalResourceRequired VOLANT #$Wing-AnimalBodyPart 2).") (#$isa #$anatomicalResourceRequired #$Predicate) (#$isa #$anatomicalResourceRequired #$TernaryPredicate) (#$comment #$AnatomicalVessel "The collection of all anatomical vessels in #$Animals. Instances of this collection are tubular animal tissue which acts as a conduit for body fluids or substances passing into or out of the body.") (#$genls #$AnatomicalVessel #$AnimalBodyPart) (#$genls #$AnatomicalVessel #$CordlikeObject) (#$genls #$AnatomicalVessel #$Individual) (#$genls #$AnatomicalVessel #$InternalAnatomicalPart) (#$genls #$AnatomicalVessel #$Pipe-GenericConduit) (#$isa #$AnatomicalVessel #$AnimalBodyPartType) (#$siblingDisjointExceptions #$AnatomicalVessel #$InternalOrgan) (#$arg1Format #$ancestors #$SetTheFormat) (#$arg1Format #$ancestors #$SetTheFormat) (#$arg1Isa #$ancestors #$Organism-Whole) (#$arg1Isa #$ancestors #$Organism-Whole) (#$arg1Isa #$ancestors #$Organism-Whole) (#$arg2Format #$ancestors #$SetTheFormat) (#$arg2Format #$ancestors #$SetTheFormat) (#$arg2Isa #$ancestors #$Organism-Whole) (#$arg2Isa #$ancestors #$Organism-Whole) (#$arg2Isa #$ancestors #$Organism-Whole) (#$argFormat #$ancestors 1 #$SetTheFormat) (#$argFormat #$ancestors 1 #$SetTheFormat) (#$argFormat #$ancestors 2 #$SetTheFormat) (#$argFormat #$ancestors 2 #$SetTheFormat) (#$argIsa #$ancestors 1 #$Organism-Whole) (#$argIsa #$ancestors 1 #$Organism-Whole) (#$argIsa #$ancestors 1 #$Organism-Whole) (#$argIsa #$ancestors 1 #$Organism-Whole) (#$argIsa #$ancestors 2 #$Organism-Whole) (#$argIsa #$ancestors 2 #$Organism-Whole) (#$argIsa #$ancestors 2 #$Organism-Whole) (#$argIsa #$ancestors 2 #$Organism-Whole) (#$arity #$ancestors 2) (#$comment #$ancestors "This predicate relates an organism to any of its ancestors. (#$ancestors YOUNGER OLDER) means that OLDER is one of the biological ancestors of YOUNGER. That is, OLDER is either one of YOUNGER's biological parents, one of its biological grandparents, one of its biological great-grandparents, or so on. #$ancestors is thus the \"transitive closure\" of the inverse of the #$biologicalOffspring relation.") (#$comment #$ancestors "(#$ancestors YOUNGER OLDER) means OLDER is one of the biological ancestors of YOUNGER. OLDER could be one of YOUNGER's biological parents, biological grandparents, biological great-grandparents, etc.") (#$genlPreds #$ancestors #$biologicalRelatives) (#$genlPreds #$ancestors #$startsAfterStartingOf) (#$interArgIsa1-2 #$ancestors #$Animal #$Animal) (#$interArgIsa2-1 #$ancestors #$Animal #$Animal) (#$isa #$ancestors #$AntiSymmetricBinaryPredicate) (#$isa #$ancestors #$AsymmetricBinaryPredicate) (#$isa #$ancestors #$BinaryPredicate) (#$isa #$ancestors #$InterExistingObjectPredicate) (#$isa #$ancestors #$ObjectPredicate) (#$isa #$ancestors #$TransitiveBinaryPredicate) (#$negationInverse #$ancestors #$ancestors) (#$negationPreds #$ancestors #$siblings) (#$arg1Isa #$and #$ELSentence-Assertible) (#$argAndRestIsa #$and 1 #$ELSentence-Assertible) (#$argIsa #$and 0 #$ELSentence-Assertible) (#$argIsa #$and 1 #$ELSentence-Assertible) (#$argIsa #$and 1 #$ELSentence-Assertible) (#$argsIsa #$and #$ELSentence-Assertible) (#$argsIsa #$and #$ELSentence-Assertible) (#$arityMin #$and 1) (#$comment #$and "A #$LogicalConnective that represents conjunction in #$CycL. It is a #$VariableArityRelation, taking an arbitrary number of #$ELSentence-Assertibles as arguments. (#$and P Q ... Z) is true if and only if all of the sentences P, Q, ..., and Z are true.") (#$isa #$and #$AssociativeRelation) (#$isa #$and #$CommutativeRelation) (#$isa #$and #$LogicalConnective) (#$isa #$and #$LogicalConnective) (#$isa #$and #$LogicalTruthConstant) (#$isa #$and #$VariableArityRelation) (#$isa #$and #$VariableArityRelation) (#$resultIsa #$and #$ELSentence-Assertible) (#$resultIsa #$and #$ELSentence-Assertible) (#$comment #$Anesthesia "A collection of events; a subcollection of #$DrugTherapy (q.v.). In an instance of #$Anesthesia, a #$BiologicalLivingObject undergoes the effect of some instance of #$Anesthetic, the effect of which is to eliminate the perception of pain. #$Anesthesia events occur in connection with other medical care events, so that a patient will not feel the pain or discomfort that would otherwise be associated with those medical procedures. #$Anesthetics are of various chemical kinds, work in various ways, and can be administered in various ways. They may topically numb an area, they may poison the central nervous system to the point where the animal loses consciousness, etc. The resulting anesthetic therapies thus may differ, according to the type of anesthetic used; for example, the patient may or may not be conscious during an instance of #$Anesthesia. See also #$AdministeringADrug.") (#$genls #$Anesthesia #$DrugTherapy) (#$genls #$Anesthesia #$Individual) (#$isa #$Anesthesia #$TemporalStuffType) (#$comment #$Anger "Intense feeling of displeasure and usually of antagonism. This is a #$Collection --- for an explanation of that, see #$Happiness. Some more specialized #$FeelingTypes than #$Anger include #$Belligerence, etc.") (#$genls #$Anger #$Frustration) (#$isa #$Anger #$AtemporalNecessarilyEssentialCollectionType) (#$isa #$Anger #$FeelingType) (#$comment #$Angle "A specialization of #$GeometricallyDescribableThing. Each instance of #$Angle is formed by two lines diverging from the same point, or two surfaces diverging from the same line. Examples include spatially localized objects, such as the angle formed by the intersection of two walls, and abstract objects, such as the angle formed by the intersection of two (abstract) lines.") (#$genls #$Angle #$GeometricallyDescribableThing) (#$genls #$Angle #$Individual) (#$isa #$Angle #$GenericShapeType) (#$comment #$Angry "A specialization of #$IntelligentAgent. Each instance is an agent in the emotional state of being angry. Use this constant with a #$GenericValueFunction to denote a collection of agents that are in this emotional state to some varying degree.") (#$genls #$Angry #$Frustrated) (#$genls #$Angry #$Individual) (#$isa #$Angry #$AgentTypeByEmotionalState) (#$isa #$Angry #$FirstOrderCollection) (#$argIsa #$Angstrom 0 #$SubLRealNumber) (#$argsIsa #$Angstrom #$SubLRealNumber) (#$argsIsa #$Angstrom #$SubLRealNumber) (#$arityMax #$Angstrom 2) (#$arityMax #$Angstrom 2) (#$arityMin #$Angstrom 1) (#$arityMin #$Angstrom 1) (#$comment #$Angstrom "An instance of #$UnitOfDistance. When applied to a number or pair of numbers, #$Angstrom returns an instance of #$Distance as its value. For example, (#$Angstrom 212) is a length of 212 angstroms. Note that 1 angstrom is equivalent to 1/10,000,000,000 (i.e., 10^-10) meter.") (#$isa #$Angstrom #$MKSUnitOfMeasure) (#$isa #$Angstrom #$UnitOfDistance) (#$isa #$Angstrom #$UnitOfMeasure) (#$isa #$Angstrom #$UnitOfMeasureWithPrefix) (#$resultIsa #$Angstrom #$Distance-Absolute) (#$resultIsa #$Angstrom #$Distance-Absolute) (#$genls #$Anguish #$Despair) (#$genls #$Anguish #$Distress) (#$isa #$Anguish #$AtemporalNecessarilyEssentialCollectionType) (#$isa #$Anguish #$FeelingType) (#$arg1Format #$angularAcceleration #$SetTheFormat) (#$arg1Isa #$angularAcceleration #$PhysicalEvent) (#$arg2Isa #$angularAcceleration #$AngularAccelerationRate) (#$argFormat #$angularAcceleration 1 #$SetTheFormat) (#$argIsa #$angularAcceleration 2 #$AngularAccelerationRate) (#$argIsa #$angularAcceleration 2 #$AngularAccelerationRate) (#$argIsa #$angularAcceleration 1 #$PhysicalEvent) (#$argIsa #$angularAcceleration 1 #$PhysicalEvent) (#$arity #$angularAcceleration 2) (#$comment #$angularAcceleration "The rate at which the angle to an object is accelerating") (#$isa #$angularAcceleration #$PhysicalAttributeDescriptionSlot) (#$transitiveViaArg #$angularAcceleration #$genlAttributes 2) (#$comment #$AngularAccelerationRate "A specialization of #$Rate. Each instance of #$AngularAccelerationRate is a rate at which the rate of rotation (see the collection #$RateOfRotation) of some object changes.") (#$genls #$AngularAccelerationRate #$Rate) (#$isa #$AngularAccelerationRate #$AtemporalNecessarilyEssentialCollectionType) (#$isa #$AngularAccelerationRate #$DerivedNumericScalarIntervalType) (#$isa #$AngularAccelerationRate #$MeasurableScalarIntervalType) (#$comment #$AngularDistance "#$AngularDistance is a measure of the separation between the rays defined by two points and a fixed center.") (#$genls #$AngularDistance #$PhysicalQuantity) (#$isa #$AngularDistance #$AtemporalNecessarilyEssentialCollectionType) (#$isa #$AngularDistance #$FundamentalNumericScalarIntervalType) (#$comment #$Animal "An instance of #$BiologicalKingdom, and a specialization of #$Organism-Whole. Instances of #$Animal are typically motile, living, whole organisms; they are instances of #$Heterotroph (q.v.), and thus incapable of performing instances of #$Photosynthesis-Generic. Animal cells contain cholesterol and lack cell walls made of cellulose. #$Person is a specialization of #$Animal; see also #$NonPersonAnimal.") (#$genls #$Animal #$AnimalBLO) (#$genls #$Animal #$AnimalBLO) (#$genls #$Animal #$EukaryoticOrganism) (#$genls #$Animal #$Heterotroph) (#$genls #$Animal #$Individual) (#$genls #$Animal #$Organism-Whole) (#$genls #$Animal #$PerceptualAgent) (#$isa #$Animal #$BiologicalKingdom) (#$isa #$Animal #$ExistingObjectType) (#$isa #$Animal #$OrganismClassificationType) (#$partitionedInto #$Animal (#$ThePartition #$AdultAnimal #$JuvenileAnimal)) (#$partitionedInto #$Animal (#$ThePartition #$Homeotherm #$Poikilotherm)) (#$partitionedInto #$Animal (#$ThePartition #$Invertebrate #$Vertebrate)) (#$partitionedInto #$Animal (#$ThePartition #$Person #$NonPersonAnimal)) (#$partitionedInto #$Animal (#$ThePartition #$ViviparousAnimal #$OviparousAnimal)) (#$comment #$AnimalActivitiesMt "A microtheory to collect all the general knowledge of the activities of #$Animals.") (#$genlMt #$AnimalActivitiesMt #$AnimalActivitiesVocabularyMt) (#$genlMt #$AnimalActivitiesMt #$AnimalMovementMt) (#$genlMt #$AnimalActivitiesMt #$BaseKB) (#$genlMt #$AnimalActivitiesMt #$BaseKB) (#$genlMt #$AnimalActivitiesMt #$InformationTerminologyMt) (#$genlMt #$AnimalActivitiesMt #$PerceptionMt) (#$isa #$AnimalActivitiesMt #$GeneralMicrotheory) (#$isa #$AnimalActivitiesMt #$TheoryMicrotheory) (#$comment #$AnimalActivitiesVocabularyMt "The #$VocabularyMicrotheory for #$AnimalActivitiesMt.") (#$genlMt #$AnimalActivitiesVocabularyMt #$AnimalMovementVocabularyMt) (#$genlMt #$AnimalActivitiesVocabularyMt #$BaseKB) (#$genlMt #$AnimalActivitiesVocabularyMt #$InformationTerminologyVocabularyMt) (#$genlMt #$AnimalActivitiesVocabularyMt #$PerceptionVocabularyMt) (#$isa #$AnimalActivitiesVocabularyMt #$VocabularyMicrotheory) (#$comment #$AnimalActivity "A specialization of #$Action. Each instance of #$AnimalActivity is a spatially-localized action, each of whose \"doers\" (see #$doneBy) is either an #$Animal or a group of animals (i.e. a #$Group all of whose members are #$Animals).") (#$disjointWith #$AnimalActivity #$Artifact-Generic) (#$genls #$AnimalActivity #$Action) (#$genls #$AnimalActivity #$Event-Localized) (#$genls #$AnimalActivity #$Individual) (#$isa #$AnimalActivity #$TemporalStuffType) (#$collectionUnion #$AnimalBLO (#$TheSet #$AnimalBodyPart #$Animal #$AnimalBodyRegion)) (#$comment #$AnimalBLO "A specialization of #$BiologicalLivingObject that includes all living animals, body parts of living animals, and body regions of living animals. #$AnimalBLO is thus the \"union\" (see #$collectionUnion) of #$Animal, #$AnimalBodyPart, and #$AnimalBodyRegion (qq.v.).") (#$genls #$AnimalBLO #$BiologicalLivingObject) (#$genls #$AnimalBLO #$Individual) (#$isa #$AnimalBLO #$ExistingObjectType) (#$comment #$AnimalBodyPart "A specialization of #$AnimalBodyRegion. Each instance of #$AnimalBodyPart is an anatomical part of some living animal, and thus is itself an instance of #$BiologicalLivingObject (q.v). #$AnimalBodyPart includes both highly localized organs (for example, hearts) and physical systems composed of parts distributed throughout an animal's body (such as an animal's circulatory system and nervous system). Note that severed limbs and removed organs are _not_ instances of this collection, since they are not _parts_ of some living animal.") (#$disjointWith #$AnimalBodyPart #$DairyProduct) (#$disjointWith #$AnimalBodyPart #$HaploidCell) (#$genls #$AnimalBodyPart #$AnimalBLO) (#$genls #$AnimalBodyPart #$AnimalBodyRegion) (#$genls #$AnimalBodyPart #$HumanScaleObject) (#$genls #$AnimalBodyPart #$Individual) (#$isa #$AnimalBodyPart #$ExistingObjectType) (#$requiredArg2Pred #$AnimalBodyPart #$anatomicalParts) (#$comment #$AnimalBodyPartType "A collection of specializations of #$AnimalBodyRegion. Each instance of #$AnimalBodyPartType is a collection of body parts, where the parts in question are differentiated from other body parts according to structure or function. Instances of #$AnimalBodyPartType include #$SpinalColumn, #$Eyelash, #$NervousSystem, #$Urethra, #$Wing-AnimalBodyPart, and #$HeelOfPalm.") (#$genls #$AnimalBodyPartType #$ExistingObjectType) (#$genls #$AnimalBodyPartType #$OrganismPartType) (#$isa #$AnimalBodyPartType #$AtemporalNecessarilyEssentialCollectionType) (#$isa #$AnimalBodyPartType #$CollectionType) (#$isa #$AnimalBodyPartType #$CollectionType) (#$isa #$AnimalBodyPartType #$SecondOrderCollection) (#$isa #$AnimalBodyPartType #$SiblingDisjointCollectionType) (#$typeGenls #$AnimalBodyPartType #$AnimalBodyRegion) (#$typeGenls #$AnimalBodyPartType #$SolidTangibleThing) (#$comment #$AnimalBodyRegion "A specialization of #$AnimalBLO. Each instance of #$AnimalBodyRegion is a significant spatial subdivision of the body of some animal, where the subdivision in question is usually contiguous, and has some more or less clear boundary. Instances of this collection include anatomical parts (see the specialization #$AnimalBodyPart) , such as a person's head, beard, or right arm. In addition, this collection includes body regions that are not anatomical parts, such as a blister, a puncture wound, or a bruise.") (#$genls #$AnimalBodyRegion #$AnimalBLO) (#$genls #$AnimalBodyRegion #$AnimalBLO) (#$genls #$AnimalBodyRegion #$Individual) (#$genls #$AnimalBodyRegion #$OrganismPart) (#$isa #$AnimalBodyRegion #$ExistingObjectType) (#$comment #$AnimalCapabilityType "This is the collection of types of action which can be #$doneBy all normal adult animals in typical circumstances. They are animal capabilities in the sense that we expect any normal adult animal to be able to do them, as opposed to the sense that some animal can do them. Also, this is not the collection of actions which must be done by an animal, for which see #$AnimalActivity.") (#$genls #$AnimalCapabilityType #$FirstOrderCollection) (#$genls #$AnimalCapabilityType #$MammalCapabilityType) (#$isa #$AnimalCapabilityType #$CollectionType) (#$isa #$AnimalCapabilityType #$CollectionType) (#$isa #$AnimalCapabilityType #$SecondOrderCollection) (#$typeGenls #$AnimalCapabilityType #$AnimalActivity) (#$comment #$AnimalMigration "The collection of regular, species-linked movements of an animal or group of animals from one place to another, usually with a return to the starting point after a certain period of time. In some species, the migration cycle occurs once in a lifetime, while others migrate annually on a seasonal basis. Migration is typically linked with an animal's reproductive cycle (as in salmon), but may also involve seasonal relocation to a more hospitable climate and/or more plentiful food supply. For example, many birds exhibit seasonal migration; e.g., native Northeastern U.S. birds that spend their winters in the Southern U.S.") (#$genls #$AnimalMigration #$Individual) (#$genls #$AnimalMigration #$LocomotionEvent-Animal) (#$genls #$AnimalMigration #$Translation-RoundTrip) (#$isa #$AnimalMigration #$TemporalObjectType) (#$comment #$AnimalMovementMt "This microtheory was created to hold all high-level rules about animal movement. Specifically, this microtheory should contain all #$salientAssertions and other definitional rules about high-level spec's of #$MovementEvent which are also spec's of #$AnimalActivity but are not performed only by humans. For example, this microtheory should contain #$salientAssertions for #$LocomotionProcess-Animal, #$Swimming-Generic, and #$WalkingOnTwoLegs. Rules about human-specific #$MovementEvents should be asserted in a spec-mt of #$HumanActivitiesMt. ") (#$genlMt #$AnimalMovementMt #$AnimalMovementVocabularyMt) (#$genlMt #$AnimalMovementMt #$BaseKB) (#$genlMt #$AnimalMovementMt #$BaseKB) (#$genlMt #$AnimalMovementMt #$BiologyMt) (#$isa #$AnimalMovementMt #$GeneralMicrotheory) (#$isa #$AnimalMovementMt #$TheoryMicrotheory) (#$comment #$AnimalMovementVocabularyMt "The #$VocabularyMicrotheory for #$AnimalMovementMt.") (#$genlMt #$AnimalMovementVocabularyMt #$BaseKB) (#$genlMt #$AnimalMovementVocabularyMt #$BiologyVocabularyMt) (#$isa #$AnimalMovementVocabularyMt #$VocabularyMicrotheory) (#$comment #$AnimalPartRegionFunction "A collection of functions that map from an #$AnimalBodyRegion to another #$AnimalBodyRegion that is a subregion of the first and whose location is indicated by the direction. For example, (#$DorsalRegionFn LIVER) yields as a result the part of LIVER closest to the backside of the organism that LIVER is a part of.") (#$genls #$AnimalPartRegionFunction #$IndividualDenotingFunction) (#$genls #$AnimalPartRegionFunction #$ReifiableFunction) (#$genls #$AnimalPartRegionFunction #$UnaryFunction) (#$isa #$AnimalPartRegionFunction #$FunctionCategory) (#$comment #$AnimalPhysiologicalAttribute "The broadest collection of attributes of #$Animals that describe the physiological aspects of an animal, including its physiological (1) capacities, (2) conditions, and (3) states. Examples include: (1) Capacities: #$Fertile, #$HearingImpaired, #$Paraplegic; (2) Conditions: #$Anemic, #$AthleticPhysicalBuild; (3) States: #$Intoxicated, #$Injured, #$Inflamed. #$PlantPhysiologicalAttributes, such as #$InBloom, are excluded.") (#$genls #$AnimalPhysiologicalAttribute #$PhysicalAttributeOfTangibleOnly) (#$isa #$AnimalPhysiologicalAttribute #$AtemporalNecessarilyEssentialCollectionType) (#$isa #$AnimalPhysiologicalAttribute #$ObjectType) (#$comment #$AnimalPhysiologyMt "Naive theory of animal physiology. Animals are considered to be alive. A corpse is an instance of (#$DeadFn #$Animal) not of #$Animal. #$anatomicalParts of animals can be assumed to be physically attached to the animal.") (#$genlMt #$AnimalPhysiologyMt #$AnimalPhysiologyVocabularyMt) (#$genlMt #$AnimalPhysiologyMt #$BaseKB) (#$genlMt #$AnimalPhysiologyMt #$BaseKB) (#$genlMt #$AnimalPhysiologyMt #$BiologyMt) (#$genlMt #$AnimalPhysiologyMt #$BordersMt) (#$genlMt #$AnimalPhysiologyMt #$ContainerGMt) (#$genlMt #$AnimalPhysiologyMt #$ObjectPhysicalCharacteristicsMt) (#$isa #$AnimalPhysiologyMt #$GeneralMicrotheory) (#$isa #$AnimalPhysiologyMt #$TheoryMicrotheory) (#$comment #$AnimalPhysiologyVocabularyMt "The #$VocabularyMicrotheory for #$AnimalPhysiologyMt.") (#$genlMt #$AnimalPhysiologyVocabularyMt #$BaseKB) (#$genlMt #$AnimalPhysiologyVocabularyMt #$BiologyVocabularyMt) (#$genlMt #$AnimalPhysiologyVocabularyMt #$BordersVocabularyMt) (#$genlMt #$AnimalPhysiologyVocabularyMt #$ContainerGVocabularyMt) (#$isa #$AnimalPhysiologyVocabularyMt #$VocabularyMicrotheory) (#$comment #$AnimalSound "A specialization of #$InformationBearingWavePropagation. Each instance of #$AnimalSound is a sound of a type which originally was, and typically is, made by an animal using just its body parts (though such a sound may subsequently have been reproduced by imitation or recording). Examples of #$AnimalSounds include instances of #$Birdsong, #$NeighingSound, #$PurringSound, #$BarkingSound, and #$BrayingSound. Note that the restriction to sounds produced by body parts alone excludes noises produced by moving external objects; consequently, #$AnimalSound does _not_ include rustling the leaves underfoot, splashing water, or playing a musical instrument. Note that this collection is not a specialization of #$Action, or #$BodyMovementEvent, since it refers to animal sounds themselves, not to the activity of making animal sounds (though events of both types usually accompany one another. See #$EmittingSound for the latter.)") (#$genls #$AnimalSound #$AudibleSound) (#$genls #$AnimalSound #$Individual) (#$isa #$AnimalSound #$TemporalStuffType) (#$comment #$AnimalTypeByGender "The collection consisting of the collections #$FemaleAnimal and #$MaleAnimal. One of the #$facets-Strict of #$Animal.") (#$genls #$AnimalTypeByGender #$ExistingObjectType) (#$isa #$AnimalTypeByGender #$CollectionType) (#$isa #$AnimalTypeByGender #$DisjointCollectionType) (#$isa #$AnimalTypeByGender #$SecondOrderCollection) (#$comment #$AnimalTypeByMaturity "The collection consisting of #$AdultAnimal and #$JuvenileAnimal. One of the #$facets-Strict of #$Animal.") (#$disjointWith #$AnimalTypeByMaturity #$OrganismPartType) (#$genls #$AnimalTypeByMaturity #$ExistingObjectType) (#$isa #$AnimalTypeByMaturity #$CollectionType) (#$isa #$AnimalTypeByMaturity #$DisjointCollectionType) (#$isa #$AnimalTypeByMaturity #$SecondOrderCollection) (#$comment #$AnimalUtterance-IBT "A specialization of both #$AnimalSound and #$Utterance-IBT. Each instance of #$AnimalUtterance-IBT is a sound initially generated by some #$Animal speaking or making some sound with his/her/its mouth (note that the sound may or may not have propositional content - i.e. instantiate some #$PropositionalInformationThing). If such a sound is recorded and played back, the sound generated is still considered an instance of #$AnimalUtterance-IBT. Examples: one's spouse's `Good morning'; a child's scream at a playmate; Humphrey Bogart's `Here's looking at you' on the set of _Casablanca_. Note that only the sounds themselves are instances of this collection -- not the activities of making them. This collection is not a specialization of #$Action (for that, see #$CommunicationAct-Single and its specializations).") (#$genls #$AnimalUtterance-IBT #$AnimalSound) (#$genls #$AnimalUtterance-IBT #$Individual) (#$genls #$AnimalUtterance-IBT #$SoundInformationBearingThing) (#$genls #$AnimalUtterance-IBT #$Utterance-IBT) (#$isa #$AnimalUtterance-IBT #$FirstOrderCollection) (#$isa #$AnimalUtterance-IBT #$ObjectType) (#$isa #$AnimalUtterance-IBT #$TemporalStuffType) (#$comment #$AnimalWalkingProcess "The collection of instances of #$Walking-Generic in which the locomotor is an #$Animal.") (#$genls #$AnimalWalkingProcess #$Individual) (#$genls #$AnimalWalkingProcess #$LocomotionProcess-Animal) (#$genls #$AnimalWalkingProcess #$PhysicalContactSituation) (#$genls #$AnimalWalkingProcess #$SimpleWholeBodyMovement) (#$genls #$AnimalWalkingProcess #$SingleDoerAction) (#$genls #$AnimalWalkingProcess #$Walking-Generic) (#$isa #$AnimalWalkingProcess #$DefaultDisjointScriptType) (#$isa #$AnimalWalkingProcess #$ObjectType) (#$isa #$AnimalWalkingProcess #$TemporalStuffType) (#$siblingDisjointExceptions #$AnimalWalkingProcess #$SportsEvent) (#$comment #$AnnualClimateCycle "A specialization of #$WeatherEvent. Each instance of #$AnnualClimateCycle is an extended event, one year in length, which encompasses sub-events marking the changing of the seasons (see the collection #$SeasonOfYear and its specializations). Specializations of #$AnnualClimateCycle include #$TemperateClimateCycle and #$HumidSubtropicalClimateCycle (qq.v). See also #$ClimateCycleType and #$hasClimateType.") (#$genls #$AnnualClimateCycle #$Individual) (#$genls #$AnnualClimateCycle #$WeatherEvent) (#$isa #$AnnualClimateCycle #$TemporalObjectType) (#$comment #$AnnualTemporalObjectType "A collection of collections. Each instance of #$AnnualTemporalObjectType is a specialization of #$TemporalThing, instances of which occur once per year according to some calendar. Furthermore, the occurrence of instances of each such type of event is tied to a specific time (for example, a specific date) in the calendar year. For example, #$ChristmasHoliday is an instance of #$AnnualTemporalObjectType, because one occurs on a specific date (namely, December 25) each year.") (#$disjointWith #$AnnualTemporalObjectType #$WeeklyTemporalObjectType) (#$genls #$AnnualTemporalObjectType #$TemporallyDisjointTemporalObjectType) (#$genls #$AnnualTemporalObjectType #$TemporallyDisjointTemporalObjectType) (#$genls #$AnnualTemporalObjectType #$TemporalObjectType) (#$isa #$AnnualTemporalObjectType #$Collection) (#$isa #$AnnualTemporalObjectType #$CollectionType) (#$isa #$AnnualTemporalObjectType #$CollectionType) (#$isa #$AnnualTemporalObjectType #$SecondOrderCollection) (#$typeGenls #$AnnualTemporalObjectType #$TemporalThing) (#$arg1Isa #$AnteriorRegionFn #$AnimalBodyRegion) (#$arg1Isa #$AnteriorRegionFn #$AnimalBodyRegion) (#$arg1Isa #$AnteriorRegionFn #$AnimalBodyRegion) (#$argIsa #$AnteriorRegionFn 1 #$AnimalBodyRegion) (#$argIsa #$AnteriorRegionFn 1 #$AnimalBodyRegion) (#$argIsa #$AnteriorRegionFn 1 #$AnimalBodyRegion) (#$argIsa #$AnteriorRegionFn 1 #$AnimalBodyRegion) (#$arity #$AnteriorRegionFn 1) (#$comment #$AnteriorRegionFn "The function (AnteriorRegionFn REGOROBJ), applied to a region or object REGOROBJ, means the region consisting of the front half or section, or the anterior main portion, of REGOROBJ. It applies only when REGOROBJ itself has an intrinsic front/back orientation, or is a (non-backward-facing) part of a larger region or object that has a front/back orientation.") (#$isa #$AnteriorRegionFn #$AnimalPartRegionFunction) (#$isa #$AnteriorRegionFn #$IndividualDenotingFunction) (#$isa #$AnteriorRegionFn #$PartialDenotationalFunction) (#$isa #$AnteriorRegionFn #$ReifiableFunction) (#$isa #$AnteriorRegionFn #$UnaryFunction) (#$resultIsa #$AnteriorRegionFn #$AnimalBodyRegion) (#$resultIsa #$AnteriorRegionFn #$Individual) (#$comment #$AnthraxInfection "An instance of #$InfectionTypeByPathogenType, and a specialization of #$BacterialInfection. Each instance of #$AnthraxInfection is an infection caused by the bacterium Bacillus anthracis (see the collection #$Anthrax-Bacterium). Important specializations of #$AnthraxInfection include the collections #$InhalationalAnthrax and #$CutaneousAnthrax.") (#$genls #$AnthraxInfection #$BacterialInfection) (#$genls #$AnthraxInfection #$Individual) (#$isa #$AnthraxInfection #$DiseaseType) (#$isa #$AnthraxInfection #$InfectionTypeByPathogenType) (#$comment #$AnthraxTemplateMt "The #$Microtheory where all templates written for the parsing the target RKF Anthrax text (section H4) reside. See also #$SectionH1TemplateMt, #$SectionH5TemplateMt, and #$SectionH6TemplateMt.") (#$genlMt #$AnthraxTemplateMt #$BaseKB) (#$genlMt #$AnthraxTemplateMt #$CommonEnglishMisspellingsMt) (#$genlMt #$AnthraxTemplateMt #$DeepCoverageTemplateMt) (#$genlMt #$AnthraxTemplateMt #$GeneralMilitaryLexicalMt) (#$genlMt #$AnthraxTemplateMt #$GenFormatTemplateMt) (#$genlMt #$AnthraxTemplateMt #$NonAmericanEnglishMt) (#$genlMt #$AnthraxTemplateMt #$RelativeClausesTemplateMt) (#$isa #$AnthraxTemplateMt #$Microtheory) (#$isa #$AnthraxTemplateMt #$TemplateParsingMicrotheory) (#$comment #$Anticipation-Feeling "Emotion accompanying an expectation of something pleasant in the foreseeable future. This is a collection; for an explanation of a typical #$FeelingType, see #$Happiness. ") (#$genls #$Anticipation-Feeling #$FeelingAttribute) (#$isa #$Anticipation-Feeling #$AtemporalNecessarilyEssentialCollectionType) (#$isa #$Anticipation-Feeling #$FeelingType) (#$comment #$AntiSymmetricBinaryPredicate "A #$BinaryPredicateTypeByLogicalFeature and thus a specialization of #$BinaryPredicate. A binary predicate PRED is an #$AntiSymmetricBinaryPredicate if and only if it has the following two properties. (i) For any THING1 and THING2 such that both (PRED THING1 THING2) and (PRED THING2 THING1) hold, THING1 = THING2. (ii) PRED's two argument-places must be \"co-satisfiable\": any (single-argument) argument-type (i.e. #$argIsa or #$argGenl) constraint on either of PRED's argument-places must _not_ be disjoint with the corresponding constraint on PRED's other argument-place (see the shared #$NoteOnArgumentTypingAndPropertiesOfRelations). Instances of #$AntiSymmetricBinaryPredicate include #$greaterThanOrEqualTo, #$parts, and #$subEvents. See also the specialization #$AsymmetricBinaryPredicate; and cf. #$SymmetricBinaryPredicate.") (#$genls #$AntiSymmetricBinaryPredicate #$BinaryPredicate) (#$genls #$AntiSymmetricBinaryPredicate #$BinaryPredicate) (#$isa #$AntiSymmetricBinaryPredicate #$AtemporalNecessarilyEssentialCollectionType) (#$isa #$AntiSymmetricBinaryPredicate #$BinaryPredicateTypeByLogicalFeature) (#$isa #$AntiSymmetricBinaryPredicate #$Collection) (#$isa #$AntiSymmetricBinaryPredicate #$CoreConstant) (#$sharedNotes #$AntiSymmetricBinaryPredicate #$NoteOnArgumentTypingAndPropertiesOfRelations) (#$arg1Format #$antiSymmetricInArgs #$openEntryFormatInArgs) (#$arg1Isa #$antiSymmetricInArgs #$Relation) (#$arg2Format #$antiSymmetricInArgs #$openEntryFormatInArgs) (#$arg2Isa #$antiSymmetricInArgs #$PositiveInteger) (#$arg3Isa #$antiSymmetricInArgs #$PositiveInteger) (#$argFormat #$antiSymmetricInArgs 1 #$openEntryFormatInArgs) (#$argFormat #$antiSymmetricInArgs 2 #$openEntryFormatInArgs) (#$argIsa #$antiSymmetricInArgs 2 #$PositiveInteger) (#$argIsa #$antiSymmetricInArgs 2 #$PositiveInteger) (#$argIsa #$antiSymmetricInArgs 3 #$PositiveInteger) (#$argIsa #$antiSymmetricInArgs 3 #$PositiveInteger) (#$argIsa #$antiSymmetricInArgs 1 #$Relation) (#$argIsa #$antiSymmetricInArgs 1 #$Relation) (#$arity #$antiSymmetricInArgs 3) (#$comment #$antiSymmetricInArgs "A #$MetaRelation that is used to indicate that a given relation is \"antisymmetric\" with respect to two given argument-places. (#$antiSymmetricInArgs REL M N) means that REL is antisymmetric in its Mth and Nth arguments: these arguments are freely permutable _only_ if they are identical. This entails that, given any closed semantically well-formed formula built from (the CycL term for) REL, inter-substituting the formula's Mth and Nth arguments (while leaving the other arguments unchanged) will result in a change in the formula's semantic value (i.e. its truth-value or denotation) _unless_ the Mth and Nth arguments are identical. If REL is a binary predicate this is equivalent to its being an #$AntiSymmetricBinaryPredicate. More generally: (i) If REL is a #$Predicate that holds of given argument-sequence SEQ, then REL also holds of the sequence SEQ-PERMUTED obtained by permuting the Mth and Nth items in SEQ (while leaving the other items unchanged) only if these Mth and Nth items are identical (and thus SEQ and SEQ-PERMUTED are themselves identical sequences). (ii) If REL is a #$Function-Denotational whose value for a given argument-sequence SEQ is VALUE, then REL also has VALUE as its value for SEQ-PERMUTED (defined as above) only if SEQ-PERMUTED is identical with SEQ. For example, a (hypothetical) ternary predicate called \"greaterThanOrEqualToOnScale\", which took as arguments two physical objects (_not_ constrained to be distinct) and a scale for measuring some physical property, would be antisymmetric in its first and second arguments; i.e. (#$antiSymmetricInArgs greaterThanOrEqualToOnScale 1 2) would hold. For a function example, a (hypothetical) ternary function called \"TransportToFromViaVehicleTypeFn\" that took as arguments two locations (_not_ constrained to be distinct, in order to include round-trips) and a vehicle-type (and returned, say, the collection of all trips from the first location to the second location in vehicles of that type) would also be antisymmetric in its first and second arguments. Note that (each of) the #$argIsa constraint(s) on REL's Mth argument-place must not be disjoint with (any of) the #$argIsa constraint(s) on REL's Nth argument-place (see #$disjointWith), and likewise for the corresponding #$argGenl constraints (if any). For some discussion of why this is so, see the #$NoteOnArgumentTypingAndPropertiesOfRelations. See also #$asymmetricInArgs and #$commutativeInArgs.") (#$interArgDifferent #$antiSymmetricInArgs 2 3) (#$isa #$antiSymmetricInArgs #$DefaultMonotonicPredicate) (#$isa #$antiSymmetricInArgs #$IntangibleObjectRelatingPredicate) (#$isa #$antiSymmetricInArgs #$MetaRelation) (#$isa #$antiSymmetricInArgs #$PartiallyCommutativeRelation) (#$isa #$antiSymmetricInArgs #$PossibleDefinitionalPredicate) (#$isa #$antiSymmetricInArgs #$TernaryPredicate) (#$arg1Isa #$antisymmetricOn #$BinaryPredicate) (#$arg1Isa #$antisymmetricOn #$BinaryPredicate) (#$arg2Genl #$antisymmetricOn #$Thing) (#$arg2Genl #$antisymmetricOn #$Thing) (#$arg2Isa #$antisymmetricOn #$Collection) (#$arg2Isa #$antisymmetricOn #$Collection) (#$argGenl #$antisymmetricOn 2 #$Thing) (#$argGenl #$antisymmetricOn 2 #$Thing) (#$argGenl #$antisymmetricOn 2 #$Thing) (#$argIsa #$antisymmetricOn 1 #$BinaryPredicate) (#$argIsa #$antisymmetricOn 1 #$BinaryPredicate) (#$argIsa #$antisymmetricOn 1 #$BinaryPredicate) (#$argIsa #$antisymmetricOn 2 #$Collection) (#$argIsa #$antisymmetricOn 2 #$Collection) (#$argIsa #$antisymmetricOn 2 #$Collection) (#$arity #$antisymmetricOn 2) (#$comment #$antisymmetricOn "This relation can be used to indicate on which specialization of its domain, if any, an instance of #$BinaryPredicate is antisymmetric. (#$antisymmetricOn PRED COL) means that if INS1 and INS2 are instances of COL and (PRED INS1 INS2) and (PRED INS2 INS1), then it follows that (#$equals INS1 INS2).") (#$isa #$antisymmetricOn #$BinaryPredicate) (#$isa #$antisymmetricOn #$MetaPredicate) (#$isa #$antisymmetricOn #$MetaPredicate) (#$comment #$AntiTransitiveBinaryPredicate "A #$BinaryPredicateTypeByLogicalFeature and a specialization of #$IrreflexiveBinaryPredicate (q.v.). Each instance of #$AntiTransitiveBinaryPredicate is a binary predicate PRED with the following property: for any THING1, THING2, and THING3 such that both (PRED THING1 THING2) and (PRED THING2 THING3) hold, (#$not (PRED THING1 THING3)) holds. Equivalently: for every X, Y, and Z that satisfy the (single-argument) argument-type constraints (see #$admittedArgument) for the relevant argument positions of PRED (viz. arg1 for X, arg1 and arg2 for Y, and arg2 for Z), (#$not (#$and (PRED X Y)(PRED Y Z)(PRED X Z))) holds. Note that PRED's two agument-positions must also be \"co-satisfiable\": any argument-type (i.e. #$argIsa or #$argGenl) constraint on either one of PRED's argument-places must _not_ be disjoint with the corresponding constraint on its other argument-place (see the shared #$NoteOnArgumentTypingAndPropertiesOfRelations). Note also that, while not strictly disjoint with #$TransitiveBinaryPredicate (q.v.), in practice few if any reified predicates should be instances of both of these collections. Instances of #$AntiTransitiveBinaryPredicate include #$capitalCity, #$contiguousAfter, and #$biologicalFather.") (#$genls #$AntiTransitiveBinaryPredicate #$IrreflexiveBinaryPredicate) (#$genls #$AntiTransitiveBinaryPredicate #$IrreflexiveBinaryPredicate) (#$isa #$AntiTransitiveBinaryPredicate #$AtemporalNecessarilyEssentialCollectionType) (#$isa #$AntiTransitiveBinaryPredicate #$BinaryPredicateTypeByLogicalFeature) (#$isa #$AntiTransitiveBinaryPredicate #$Collection) (#$isa #$AntiTransitiveBinaryPredicate #$CoreConstant) (#$isa #$AntiTransitiveBinaryPredicate #$PredicateCategory) (#$sharedNotes #$AntiTransitiveBinaryPredicate #$NoteOnArgumentTypingAndPropertiesOfRelations) (#$comment #$Appendage-AnimalBodyPart "An #$AnimalBodyPartType and a specialization of both #$ExternalAnatomicalPart and #$AnimalBodyPart. #$Appendage-AnimalBodyPart is the collection of all appendages of #$Animals. An appendage is a body part that is connected to, and extends from, an animal's #$Torso (or from another of the animal's appendages, such as a hand extending from an arm). Each appendage is used by the #$Animal for one or more functions. Altogether, appendages serve a wide variety of functions, including locomotion, manipulation, sensing, fighting, scratching, heat dissipation, and balance. Note that appendages are not crucial for the life of the animal; thus a #$Neck-AnimalBodyPart or #$Head-AnimalBodyPart is not considered to be an appendage.") (#$disjointWith #$Appendage-AnimalBodyPart #$Head-AnimalBodyPart) (#$disjointWith #$Appendage-AnimalBodyPart #$Skin) (#$disjointWith #$Appendage-AnimalBodyPart #$Trunk-BodyCore) (#$genls #$Appendage-AnimalBodyPart #$AnimalBodyPart) (#$genls #$Appendage-AnimalBodyPart #$ExternalAnatomicalPart) (#$genls #$Appendage-AnimalBodyPart #$Individual) (#$genls #$Appendage-AnimalBodyPart #$Protrusion) (#$isa #$Appendage-AnimalBodyPart #$AnimalBodyPartType) (#$siblingDisjointExceptions #$Appendage-AnimalBodyPart #$ExternalOrgan) (#$siblingDisjointExceptions #$Appendage-AnimalBodyPart #$Organ) (#$comment #$ApplicationProgram "A specialization of #$ComputerProgram-CW. Each instance of #$ApplicationProgram is a program whose running copies perform specific functions either directly for users or as background processes. #$ApplicationProgram is disjoint with #$OperatingSystem and #$OperatingSystemKernel. Together, these three collections partition #$ComputerProgram-CW.") (#$disjointWith #$ApplicationProgram #$OperatingSystemKernel) (#$genls #$ApplicationProgram #$ComputerProgram-CW) (#$genls #$ApplicationProgram #$ComputerProgram-CW) (#$genls #$ApplicationProgram #$Individual) (#$isa #$ApplicationProgram #$ObjectType) (#$comment #$ApplyingAForce "The collection of processes of applying a force to an object.") (#$genls #$ApplyingAForce #$Individual) (#$genls #$ApplyingAForce #$PhysicalEvent) (#$isa #$ApplyingAForce #$TemporalStuffType) (#$comment #$ApplyingSomethingToSurface "A collection of events. In each #$ApplyingSomethingToSurface event, something is applied to a surface.") (#$genls #$ApplyingSomethingToSurface #$Individual) (#$genls #$ApplyingSomethingToSurface #$MaterialHandling) (#$genls #$ApplyingSomethingToSurface #$PuttingSomethingSomewhere) (#$isa #$ApplyingSomethingToSurface #$DefaultDisjointScriptType) (#$isa #$ApplyingSomethingToSurface #$TemporalStuffType) (#$siblingDisjointExceptions #$ApplyingSomethingToSurface #$MarkingOnASurface) (#$siblingDisjointExceptions #$ApplyingSomethingToSurface #$ShapeChangeEvent) (#$siblingDisjointExceptions #$ApplyingSomethingToSurface #$ShapingSomething) (#$siblingDisjointExceptions #$ApplyingSomethingToSurface #$SpreadingASubstance) (#$siblingDisjointExceptions #$ApplyingSomethingToSurface #$Writing) (#$comment #$ApplyingStuffToSurface "A collection of events. In each #$ApplyingStuffToSurface event, some stuff is applied to a surface so that it covers [#$covers-Generic] it. This may be done in different ways, for example by dipping an object into the stuff being applied, spraying the stuff onto the surface, or #$SpreadingStuffOntoSurface.") (#$genls #$ApplyingStuffToSurface #$ApplyingSomethingToSurface) (#$genls #$ApplyingStuffToSurface #$Individual) (#$genls #$ApplyingStuffToSurface #$SomethingAppearingSomewhere) (#$isa #$ApplyingStuffToSurface #$DefaultDisjointScriptType) (#$isa #$ApplyingStuffToSurface #$TemporalStuffType) (#$siblingDisjointExceptions #$ApplyingStuffToSurface #$PhysicalCreationEvent) (#$siblingDisjointExceptions #$ApplyingStuffToSurface #$ShapeChangeEvent) (#$siblingDisjointExceptions #$ApplyingStuffToSurface #$ShapeChangeWithoutLosingMaterial) (#$siblingDisjointExceptions #$ApplyingStuffToSurface #$SpreadingOntoSurface) (#$comment #$AppropriatingSomething "A specialization of #$TakingSomething. In each instance of #$AppropriatingSomething, an agent takes something that no one else has user rights over, such as air for breathing, or some object which at that time belongs to no one (for example,a dime lying in the street).") (#$disjointWith #$AppropriatingSomething #$LosingUserRights) (#$genls #$AppropriatingSomething #$Individual) (#$genls #$AppropriatingSomething #$TakingSomething) (#$isa #$AppropriatingSomething #$AccessingScriptType) (#$isa #$AppropriatingSomething #$TemporalObjectType) (#$comment #$Approval "The emotion of viewing positively a state of affairs or other agent's actions. This is a collection; for an explanation of a typical #$FeelingType, see #$Happiness.") (#$genls #$Approval #$Satisfaction) (#$isa #$Approval #$AtemporalNecessarilyEssentialCollectionType) (#$isa #$Approval #$FeelingType) (#$arg1Genl #$approximatePay #$PersonWithOccupation) (#$arg1Isa #$approximatePay #$PersonTypeByOccupation) (#$arg1Isa #$approximatePay #$PersonTypeByOccupation) (#$arg2Format #$approximatePay #$IntervalEntry) (#$arg2Format #$approximatePay #$IntervalEntry) (#$arg2Isa #$approximatePay #$MonetaryFlowRate) (#$argFormat #$approximatePay 2 #$IntervalEntry) (#$argFormat #$approximatePay 2 #$IntervalEntry) (#$argGenl #$approximatePay 1 #$PersonWithOccupation) (#$argGenl #$approximatePay 1 #$PersonWithOccupation) (#$argIsa #$approximatePay 2 #$MonetaryFlowRate) (#$argIsa #$approximatePay 2 #$MonetaryFlowRate) (#$argIsa #$approximatePay 1 #$PersonTypeByOccupation) (#$argIsa #$approximatePay 1 #$PersonTypeByOccupation) (#$argIsa #$approximatePay 1 #$PersonTypeByOccupation) (#$arity #$approximatePay 2) (#$comment #$approximatePay "The predicate #$approximatePay relates occupations to a typical range of pay offered to workers in those occupations. (#$approximatePay JOBTYPE RATE) means that a person working in the #$PersonTypeByOccupation JOBTYPE makes approximately the #$MonetaryFlowRate RATE as earned income. RATE might be expressed in, e.g., #$DollarsPerHour, pounds-per-week, or yen-per-year. RATE refers to average pay for the occupation JOBTYPE, excluding any unearned pay (such as matching 401K contributions) and the value of other employee benefits.") (#$functionalInArgs #$approximatePay 2) (#$functionalInArgs #$approximatePay 2) (#$isa #$approximatePay #$BinaryPredicate) (#$isa #$approximatePay #$IntervalBasedQuantitySlot) (#$comment #$April "The collection of all Aprils, the fourth month of the year in the #$GregorianCalendar.") (#$genls #$April #$CalendarMonth) (#$genls #$April #$CalendarMonth) (#$genls #$April #$Individual) (#$isa #$April #$Collection) (#$isa #$April #$CoreConstant) (#$isa #$April #$MonthOfYearType) (#$temporallySubsumes-TypeType #$April #$CalendarMonth) (#$comment #$AquaticOrganism "A specialization of #$Organism-Whole. Each specialization of #$AquaticOrganism is a type of organism adapted to life underwater, whose instances spend all or most of their time immersed in water. A notable specialization of #$AquaticOrganism is #$Fish.") (#$genls #$AquaticOrganism #$Individual) (#$genls #$AquaticOrganism #$Organism-Whole) (#$isa #$AquaticOrganism #$ExistingObjectType) (#$isa #$AquaticOrganism #$OrganismTypeByHabitat) (#$comment #$ArabicLanguage "An instance of both #$LivingLanguage and #$SemiticLanguageFamily. The #$ArabicLanguage is spoken by a large number of people in North Africa, the Arabian Peninsula, and the Middle East.") (#$isa #$ArabicLanguage #$Individual) (#$isa #$ArabicLanguage #$LivingLanguage) (#$isa #$ArabicLanguage #$NaturalLanguage) (#$comment #$Arc "A specialization of #$Line. Each instance of #$Arc is a continuous part of a curved line. Examples include spatially localized objects, such as the equator, and abstract objects, such as a part of an (abstract) ellipse.") (#$disjointWith #$Arc #$Linear-Straight) (#$genls #$Arc #$Individual) (#$genls #$Arc #$Line) (#$genls #$Arc #$Linear-Planar) (#$isa #$Arc #$GenericShapeType) (#$comment #$ArchaicSpeech "Word senses of words or phrases which are considered archaic. Archaic speech tends to sound formal.") (#$isa #$ArchaicSpeech #$FormalityOfSpeech) (#$isa #$ArchaicSpeech #$Individual) (#$comment #$Area "A specialization of #$ScalarInterval. Each instance of #$Area is an amount of two-dimensional space. Instances of #$Area may be either a fixed interval, such as the area of a rectangle 5 cm x 10 cm, or a range, such as the area of a city lot.") (#$disjointWith #$Area #$Mass) (#$disjointWith #$Area #$Rate) (#$genls #$Area #$NonNegativeScalarInterval) (#$genls #$Area #$PhysicalQuantity) (#$isa #$Area #$AtemporalNecessarilyEssentialCollectionType) (#$isa #$Area #$DerivedNumericScalarIntervalType) (#$arg1Format #$areaOfObject #$SetTheFormat) (#$arg1Isa #$areaOfObject #$TwoOrHigherDimensionalThing) (#$arg2Format #$areaOfObject #$IntervalEntry) (#$arg2Isa #$areaOfObject #$Area) (#$argFormat #$areaOfObject 2 #$IntervalEntry) (#$argFormat #$areaOfObject 1 #$SetTheFormat) (#$argIsa #$areaOfObject 2 #$Area) (#$argIsa #$areaOfObject 2 #$Area) (#$argIsa #$areaOfObject 1 #$TwoOrHigherDimensionalThing) (#$argIsa #$areaOfObject 1 #$TwoOrHigherDimensionalThing) (#$arity #$areaOfObject 2) (#$comment #$areaOfObject "A #$PhysicalAmountSlot that is a specialization of #$sizeParameterOfObject (q.v.), this predicate relates a spatial thing to its two-dimensional size or #$Area (q.v.). (#$areaOfObject OBJ AREA) means that the two-dimensional size of OBJ is AREA. OBJ might be, for example, a desk top, a geographical region, or a cross-section of wire. Of course not every spatial thing has an area. #$TwoDimensionalGeometricThings (q.v.) like discs, interiors of squares, and cross sections have areas; and so do three-dimensional things that have only two \"salient\" dimensions in most contexts, such as floors, tennis courts, and geograhical regions. For the representing the areas of the latter sort of thing, consider using the more specialized predicate #$areaOfRegion.") (#$functionalInArgs #$areaOfObject 2) (#$genlPreds #$areaOfObject #$sizeParameterOfObject) (#$isa #$areaOfObject #$BinaryPredicate) (#$isa #$areaOfObject #$IntervalBasedQuantitySlot) (#$isa #$areaOfObject #$PhysicalAmountSlot) (#$isa #$areaOfObject #$PhysicalAttributeDescriptionSlot) (#$transitiveViaArg #$areaOfObject #$genlAttributes 2) (#$arg1Isa #$areaOfRegion #$GeographicalRegion) (#$arg2Format #$areaOfRegion #$IntervalEntry) (#$arg2Isa #$areaOfRegion #$Area) (#$argFormat #$areaOfRegion 2 #$IntervalEntry) (#$argIsa #$areaOfRegion 2 #$Area) (#$argIsa #$areaOfRegion 2 #$Area) (#$argIsa #$areaOfRegion 1 #$GeographicalRegion) (#$argIsa #$areaOfRegion 1 #$GeographicalRegion) (#$arity #$areaOfRegion 2) (#$comment #$areaOfRegion "This predicate relates a geographical region to its physical size or area. (#$areaOfRegion REGION AREA) means that the physical size of REGION is AREA. Examples: (#$areaOfRegion #$LakeErie (#$SquareMile 9940)), (#$areaOfRegion #$Elba-Island-Italy (#$SquareMile 86)), (#$areaOfRegion #$VaticanCity (#$SquareMile 0.17)), (#$areaOfRegion #$China-PeoplesRepublic (#$SquareMile 3705390)). For stating the areas of other (strictly or roughly \"two-dimensional\") sorts of objects, see the generalization #$areaOfObject; and see #$Area for ways of representing areas.") (#$functionalInArgs #$areaOfRegion 2) (#$genlPreds #$areaOfRegion #$areaOfObject) (#$isa #$areaOfRegion #$IntervalBasedQuantitySlot) (#$isa #$areaOfRegion #$TangibleObjectPredicate) (#$typedGenlPreds #$areaOfRegion #$areaOfObject) (#$arg1Genl #$areasOfOrigin #$Person) (#$arg1Genl #$areasOfOrigin #$Person) (#$arg1Isa #$areasOfOrigin #$PersonTypeByEthnicity) (#$arg1Isa #$areasOfOrigin #$PersonTypeByEthnicity) (#$arg2Format #$areasOfOrigin #$SetTheFormat) (#$arg2Isa #$areasOfOrigin #$GeographicalRegion) (#$arg2Isa #$areasOfOrigin #$GeographicalRegion) (#$argFormat #$areasOfOrigin 2 #$SetTheFormat) (#$argGenl #$areasOfOrigin 1 #$Person) (#$argGenl #$areasOfOrigin 1 #$Person) (#$argGenl #$areasOfOrigin 1 #$Person) (#$argIsa #$areasOfOrigin 2 #$GeographicalRegion) (#$argIsa #$areasOfOrigin 2 #$GeographicalRegion) (#$argIsa #$areasOfOrigin 2 #$GeographicalRegion) (#$argIsa #$areasOfOrigin 1 #$PersonTypeByEthnicity) (#$argIsa #$areasOfOrigin 1 #$PersonTypeByEthnicity) (#$argIsa #$areasOfOrigin 1 #$PersonTypeByEthnicity) (#$arity #$areasOfOrigin 2) (#$comment #$areasOfOrigin "The predicate #$areasOfOrigin relates an ethnic group to a particular region in which its members originated. (#$areasOfOrigin GROUP REGION) means that the #$EthnicGroupType GROUP originated in the #$GeographicalRegion REGION. For example, to indicate that Circassians originated in Asia, we would say (#$areasOfOrigin #$EthnicGroupOfCircassians #$ContinentOfAsia). Ethnic groups may have originated in several different areas; e.g., the #$EthnicGroupOfHutu is native to #$Rwanda, #$Burundi, #$Tanzania, and #$Uganda.") (#$isa #$areasOfOrigin #$BinaryPredicate) (#$isa #$areasOfOrigin #$CollectionPredicate) (#$transitiveViaArgInverse #$areasOfOrigin #$genls 1) (#$comment (#$arg1Format #$outputsRemaining #$SetTheFormat) "Though rather unusual, it is physically possible for a given object to turn up as a remaining-output of two different destruction events.") (#$arg1Format #$arg1Format #$openEntryFormatInArgs) (#$arg1Isa #$arg1Format #$Predicate) (#$arg2Isa #$arg1Format #$IntangibleIndividual) (#$argFormat #$arg1Format 1 #$openEntryFormatInArgs) (#$argIsa #$arg1Format 2 #$IntangibleIndividual) (#$argIsa #$arg1Format 2 #$IntangibleIndividual) (#$argIsa #$arg1Format 1 #$Predicate) (#$argIsa #$arg1Format 1 #$Predicate) (#$arity #$arg1Format 2) (#$comment #$arg1Format "An instance of #$ArgFormatPredicate (q.v.) used to place a particular #$Format (q.v.) constraint on the first (or \"arg1\") argument-place of a given predicate. (#$arg1Format PRED FORMAT) means that PRED's arg1 is constrained to FORMAT. See the reified instances #$Format for further details.") (#$constrainsArg #$arg1Format 1) (#$isa #$arg1Format #$ArgConstraintPredicate) (#$isa #$arg1Format #$ArgFormatBinaryPredicate) (#$isa #$arg1Format #$BinaryPredicate) (#$isa #$arg1Format #$CoreConstant) (#$isa #$arg1Format #$GeneralEntryFormatPredicate) (#$isa #$arg1Format #$IntangibleObjectRelatingPredicate) (#$isa #$arg1Format #$MacroRelation) (#$isa #$arg1Format #$MetaPredicate) (#$isa #$arg1Format #$MetaPredicate) (#$isa #$arg1Format #$OpenCycDefinitionalPredicate) (#$arg1Format #$arg1Genl #$SetTheFormat) (#$arg1Isa #$arg1Genl #$Relation) (#$arg2Format #$arg1Genl #$SetTheFormat) (#$arg2Genl #$arg1Genl #$Thing) (#$arg2Isa #$arg1Genl #$Collection) (#$argFormat #$arg1Genl 1 #$SetTheFormat) (#$argFormat #$arg1Genl 2 #$SetTheFormat) (#$argGenl #$arg1Genl 2 #$Thing) (#$argGenl #$arg1Genl 2 #$Thing) (#$argIsa #$arg1Genl 2 #$Collection) (#$argIsa #$arg1Genl 2 #$Collection) (#$argIsa #$arg1Genl 1 #$Relation) (#$argIsa #$arg1Genl 1 #$Relation) (#$arity #$arg1Genl 2) (#$comment #$arg1Genl "A binary #$ArgGenlPredicate (q.v.). (#$arg1Genl RELN COL) means that semantic well-formedness requires that anything given as the first argument to RELN must be a subcollection of COL. That is, (RELN ARG1 ...) is semantically well-formed only if (#$genls ARG1 COL) holds. For an explanation of semantic well-formedness, see #$CycLExpression-Assertible and its specializations. See #$argGenl for a similar but more flexible ternary predicate.") (#$constrainsArg #$arg1Genl 1) (#$isa #$arg1Genl #$ArgGenlBinaryPredicate) (#$isa #$arg1Genl #$CoreConstant) (#$isa #$arg1Genl #$DefaultMonotonicPredicate) (#$isa #$arg1Genl #$IntangibleObjectRelatingPredicate) (#$isa #$arg1Genl #$OpenCycDefinitionalPredicate) (#$transitiveViaArg #$arg1Genl #$genls 2) (#$arg1Isa #$arg1GenlAttribute #$Relation) (#$arg2Format #$arg1GenlAttribute #$SetTheFormat) (#$arg2Isa #$arg1GenlAttribute #$AttributeValue) (#$argFormat #$arg1GenlAttribute 2 #$SetTheFormat) (#$argIsa #$arg1GenlAttribute 2 #$AttributeValue) (#$argIsa #$arg1GenlAttribute 2 #$AttributeValue) (#$argIsa #$arg1GenlAttribute 1 #$Relation) (#$argIsa #$arg1GenlAttribute 1 #$Relation) (#$arity #$arg1GenlAttribute 2) (#$comment #$arg1GenlAttribute "(#$arg1GenlAttribute REL ATTVAL) means that anything given as the first argument to the #$Relation REL has to be a specialized form of the #$AttributeValue ATTVAL (so that (#$genlAttributes ARG-1 ATTVAL) must hold for a prospective first argument ARG-1).") (#$isa #$arg1GenlAttribute #$ArgGenlAttributeBinaryPredicate) (#$isa #$arg1GenlAttribute #$IntangibleObjectRelatingPredicate) (#$transitiveViaArg #$arg1GenlAttribute #$genlAttributes 2) (#$comment (#$arg1Isa #$Quote #$CycLTerm) "This assertion might easily give the impression that #$Quote is really just the identity function on CycL terms. For an explanation as to why this is _not_ in fact the case, see the comment on #$Quote and the shared #$NoteAboutQuotingInCycL.") (#$arg1Format #$arg1Isa #$SetTheFormat) (#$arg1Isa #$arg1Isa #$Relation) (#$arg2Format #$arg1Isa #$SetTheFormat) (#$arg2Genl #$arg1Isa #$Thing) (#$arg2Isa #$arg1Isa #$Collection) (#$argFormat #$arg1Isa 1 #$SetTheFormat) (#$argFormat #$arg1Isa 2 #$SetTheFormat) (#$argGenl #$arg1Isa 2 #$Thing) (#$argGenl #$arg1Isa 2 #$Thing) (#$argIsa #$arg1Isa 2 #$Collection) (#$argIsa #$arg1Isa 2 #$Collection) (#$argIsa #$arg1Isa 1 #$Relation) (#$argIsa #$arg1Isa 1 #$Relation) (#$arity #$arg1Isa 2) (#$comment #$arg1Isa "A binary #$ArgIsaPredicate (q.v.). (#$arg1Isa RELN COL) means that semantic well-formedness requires that anything given as the first argument to RELN must be an instance of COL. That is, (RELN ARG1 ...) is semantically well-formed only if (#$isa ARG1 COL) holds. For an explanation of semantic well-formedness, see #$CycLExpression-Assertible and its specializations. See #$argIsa for a similar but more flexible ternary predicate.") (#$constrainsArg #$arg1Isa 1) (#$isa #$arg1Isa #$ArgIsaBinaryPredicate) (#$isa #$arg1Isa #$CoreConstant) (#$isa #$arg1Isa #$DefaultMonotonicPredicate) (#$isa #$arg1Isa #$IntangibleObjectRelatingPredicate) (#$isa #$arg1Isa #$OpenCycDefinitionalPredicate) (#$relationAllInstance #$arg1Isa #$AnimalPartRegionFunction #$AnimalBodyRegion) (#$relationAllInstance #$arg1Isa #$InstanceTypeTernaryRuleMacroPredicate #$BinaryPredicate) (#$relationAllInstance #$arg1Isa #$TypeInstanceTernaryRuleMacroPredicate #$BinaryPredicate) (#$relationAllInstance #$arg1Isa #$TypeTypeTernaryRuleMacroPredicate #$BinaryPredicate) (#$relationAllInstance #$arg1Isa #$CostBreakdownSlot #$Buying) (#$relationAllInstance #$arg1Isa #$TaxonomicSlotForCollections #$Collection) (#$relationAllInstance #$arg1Isa #$ArgFormatBinaryPredicate #$Predicate) (#$relationAllInstance #$arg1Isa #$TaxonomicSlotForPredicates #$Predicate) (#$relationAllInstance #$arg1Isa #$ArgTypeBinaryPredicate #$Relation) (#$relationAllInstance #$arg1Isa #$ArgTypeTernaryPredicate #$Relation) (#$relationAllInstance #$arg1Isa #$NumericComparisonPredicate #$ScalarInterval) (#$relationAllInstance #$arg1Isa #$NumericQuantifier #$SetOrCollection) (#$relationAllInstance #$arg1Isa #$TaxonomicSlotForAnyThing #$Thing) (#$relationAllInstance #$arg1Isa #$MetricUnitPrefix #$UnitOfMeasureNoPrefix) (#$transitiveViaArg #$arg1Isa #$genls 2) (#$comment (#$arg2Format #$argAndRestGenl #$SetTheFormat) "Although the entry-format here is technically (and rightly) #$SetTheFormat, as far as assertions made to the Cyc Knowledge Base go, the second argument-place of #$argAndRestGenl should be treated in practice as if its format were #$SingleEntry. This is because the code does not currently support multiple entries in arg2 of #$argAndRestGenl (with respect to a given fixed arg1 and arg3).") (#$comment (#$arg2Format #$argAndRestIsa #$SetTheFormat) "Although the entry-format here is technically (and rightly) #$SetTheFormat, as far as assertions made to the Cyc Knowledge Base go, the second argument-place of #$argAndRestIsa should be treated in practice as if its format were #$SingleEntry. This is because the code does not currently support multiple entries in arg2 of #$argAndRestIsa (with respect to a given fixed arg1 and arg3).") (#$comment (#$arg2Format #$commutativeInArgsAndRest #$singleEntryFormatInArgs) "Strictly speaking this is not true in general. But it is nonetheless asserted for a pratical reason: to ensure that the totality of such GAFs asserted in the KB (at any given time) will not violate the single-entry restriction on this predicate's arg2. When the new predicate #$assertedArgCardinality (q.v.) gets code support, then this restriction can be more accurately expressed with it instead.") (#$arg1Format #$arg2Format #$openEntryFormatInArgs) (#$arg1Isa #$arg2Format #$Predicate) (#$arg2Isa #$arg2Format #$IntangibleIndividual) (#$argFormat #$arg2Format 1 #$openEntryFormatInArgs) (#$argIsa #$arg2Format 2 #$IntangibleIndividual) (#$argIsa #$arg2Format 2 #$IntangibleIndividual) (#$argIsa #$arg2Format 1 #$Predicate) (#$argIsa #$arg2Format 1 #$Predicate) (#$arity #$arg2Format 2) (#$comment #$arg2Format "An instance of #$ArgFormatPredicate (q.v.) used to place a particular #$Format (q.v.) constraint on the second (or \"arg2\") argument-place of a given predicate. (#$arg2Format PRED FORMAT) means that PRED's arg2 is constrained to FORMAT. See the reified instances #$Format for further details.") (#$constrainsArg #$arg2Format 2) (#$isa #$arg2Format #$ArgConstraintPredicate) (#$isa #$arg2Format #$ArgFormatBinaryPredicate) (#$isa #$arg2Format #$BinaryPredicate) (#$isa #$arg2Format #$CoreConstant) (#$isa #$arg2Format #$GeneralEntryFormatPredicate) (#$isa #$arg2Format #$IntangibleObjectRelatingPredicate) (#$isa #$arg2Format #$MacroRelation) (#$isa #$arg2Format #$MetaPredicate) (#$isa #$arg2Format #$MetaPredicate) (#$isa #$arg2Format #$OpenCycDefinitionalPredicate) (#$relationAllInstance #$arg2Format #$IntervalBasedQuantitySlot #$IntervalEntry) (#$arg1Format #$arg2Genl #$SetTheFormat) (#$arg1Isa #$arg2Genl #$Relation) (#$arg2Format #$arg2Genl #$SetTheFormat) (#$arg2Genl #$arg2Genl #$Thing) (#$arg2Isa #$arg2Genl #$Collection) (#$argFormat #$arg2Genl 1 #$SetTheFormat) (#$argFormat #$arg2Genl 2 #$SetTheFormat) (#$argGenl #$arg2Genl 2 #$Thing) (#$argGenl #$arg2Genl 2 #$Thing) (#$argIsa #$arg2Genl 2 #$Collection) (#$argIsa #$arg2Genl 2 #$Collection) (#$argIsa #$arg2Genl 1 #$Relation) (#$argIsa #$arg2Genl 1 #$Relation) (#$arity #$arg2Genl 2) (#$comment #$arg2Genl "A binary #$ArgGenlPredicate (q.v.). (#$arg2Genl RELN COL) means that semantic well-formedness requires that anything given as the second argument to RELN must be a subcollection of COL. That is, (RELN ARG1 ARG2 ...) is semantically well-formed only if (#$genls ARG2 COL) holds. For an explanation of semantic well-formedness, see #$CycLExpression-Assertible and its specializations. See #$argGenl for a similar but more flexible ternary predicate.") (#$constrainsArg #$arg2Genl 2) (#$isa #$arg2Genl #$ArgGenlBinaryPredicate) (#$isa #$arg2Genl #$CoreConstant) (#$isa #$arg2Genl #$DefaultMonotonicPredicate) (#$isa #$arg2Genl #$IntangibleObjectRelatingPredicate) (#$isa #$arg2Genl #$OpenCycDefinitionalPredicate) (#$transitiveViaArg #$arg2Genl #$genls 2) (#$arg1Isa #$arg2GenlAttribute #$Relation) (#$arg2Format #$arg2GenlAttribute #$SetTheFormat) (#$arg2Isa #$arg2GenlAttribute #$AttributeValue) (#$argFormat #$arg2GenlAttribute 2 #$SetTheFormat) (#$argIsa #$arg2GenlAttribute 2 #$AttributeValue) (#$argIsa #$arg2GenlAttribute 2 #$AttributeValue) (#$argIsa #$arg2GenlAttribute 1 #$Relation) (#$argIsa #$arg2GenlAttribute 1 #$Relation) (#$arity #$arg2GenlAttribute 2) (#$comment #$arg2GenlAttribute "(#$arg2GenlAttribute REL ATTVAL) means that anything given as the second argument to the #$Relation REL has to be a specialized form of the #$AttributeValue ATTVAL (so that (#$genlAttributes ARG-2 ATTVAL) must hold for a prospective second argument ARG-2).") (#$isa #$arg2GenlAttribute #$ArgGenlAttributeBinaryPredicate) (#$isa #$arg2GenlAttribute #$IntangibleObjectRelatingPredicate) (#$transitiveViaArg #$arg2GenlAttribute #$genlAttributes 2) (#$arg1Format #$arg2Isa #$SetTheFormat) (#$arg1Isa #$arg2Isa #$Relation) (#$arg2Format #$arg2Isa #$SetTheFormat) (#$arg2Genl #$arg2Isa #$Thing) (#$arg2Isa #$arg2Isa #$Collection) (#$argFormat #$arg2Isa 1 #$SetTheFormat) (#$argFormat #$arg2Isa 2 #$SetTheFormat) (#$argGenl #$arg2Isa 2 #$Thing) (#$argGenl #$arg2Isa 2 #$Thing) (#$argIsa #$arg2Isa 2 #$Collection) (#$argIsa #$arg2Isa 2 #$Collection) (#$argIsa #$arg2Isa 1 #$Relation) (#$argIsa #$arg2Isa 1 #$Relation) (#$arity #$arg2Isa 2) (#$comment #$arg2Isa "A binary #$ArgIsaPredicate (q.v.). (#$arg2Isa RELN COL) means that semantic well-formedness requires that anything given as the second argument to RELN must be an instance of COL. That is, (RELN ARG1 ARG2 ...) is semantically well-formed only if (#$isa ARG2 COL) holds. For an explanation of semantic well-formedness, see #$CycLExpression-Assertible and its specializations. See #$argIsa for a similar but more flexible ternary predicate.") (#$constrainsArg #$arg2Isa 2) (#$isa #$arg2Isa #$ArgIsaBinaryPredicate) (#$isa #$arg2Isa #$CoreConstant) (#$isa #$arg2Isa #$DefaultMonotonicPredicate) (#$isa #$arg2Isa #$IntangibleObjectRelatingPredicate) (#$isa #$arg2Isa #$OpenCycDefinitionalPredicate) (#$relationAllExists #$arg2Isa #$BinaryRelation #$Collection) (#$relationAllExists #$arg2Isa #$QuaternaryRelation #$Collection) (#$relationAllExists #$arg2Isa #$QuintaryRelation #$Collection) (#$relationAllExists #$arg2Isa #$TernaryRelation #$Collection) (#$relationAllInstance #$arg2Isa #$ArgGenlAttributeBinaryPredicate #$AttributeValue) (#$relationAllInstance #$arg2Isa #$ArgGenlBinaryPredicate #$Collection) (#$relationAllInstance #$arg2Isa #$ArgIsaBinaryPredicate #$Collection) (#$relationAllInstance #$arg2Isa #$TypeInstanceTernaryRuleMacroPredicate #$Collection) (#$relationAllInstance #$arg2Isa #$TypeTypeTernaryRuleMacroPredicate #$Collection) (#$relationAllInstance #$arg2Isa #$ArgFormatBinaryPredicate #$IntangibleIndividual) (#$relationAllInstance #$arg2Isa #$CostBreakdownSlot #$MonetaryValue) (#$relationAllInstance #$arg2Isa #$ArgTypeTernaryPredicate #$NonNegativeInteger) (#$relationAllInstance #$arg2Isa #$TaxonomicSlotForPredicates #$Predicate) (#$relationAllInstance #$arg2Isa #$NumericComparisonPredicate #$ScalarInterval) (#$relationAllInstance #$arg2Isa #$TaxonomicSlotForCollections #$SetOrCollection) (#$relationAllInstance #$arg2Isa #$NumericQuantifier #$UnaryFunction) (#$transitiveViaArg #$arg2Isa #$genls 2) (#$arg1Format #$arg3Format #$openEntryFormatInArgs) (#$arg1Isa #$arg3Format #$Predicate) (#$arg2Isa #$arg3Format #$IntangibleIndividual) (#$argFormat #$arg3Format 1 #$openEntryFormatInArgs) (#$argIsa #$arg3Format 2 #$IntangibleIndividual) (#$argIsa #$arg3Format 2 #$IntangibleIndividual) (#$argIsa #$arg3Format 1 #$Predicate) (#$argIsa #$arg3Format 1 #$Predicate) (#$arity #$arg3Format 2) (#$comment #$arg3Format "An instance of #$ArgFormatPredicate (q.v.) used to place a particular #$Format (q.v.) constraint on the third (or \"arg3\") argument-place of a given predicate. (#$arg3Format PRED FORMAT) means that PRED's arg3 is constrained to FORMAT. See the reified instances #$Format for further details.") (#$constrainsArg #$arg3Format 3) (#$isa #$arg3Format #$ArgConstraintPredicate) (#$isa #$arg3Format #$ArgFormatBinaryPredicate) (#$isa #$arg3Format #$BinaryPredicate) (#$isa #$arg3Format #$CoreConstant) (#$isa #$arg3Format #$GeneralEntryFormatPredicate) (#$isa #$arg3Format #$IntangibleObjectRelatingPredicate) (#$isa #$arg3Format #$MacroRelation) (#$isa #$arg3Format #$MetaPredicate) (#$isa #$arg3Format #$MetaPredicate) (#$isa #$arg3Format #$OpenCycDefinitionalPredicate) (#$arg1Format #$arg3Genl #$SetTheFormat) (#$arg1Isa #$arg3Genl #$Relation) (#$arg2Format #$arg3Genl #$SetTheFormat) (#$arg2Genl #$arg3Genl #$Thing) (#$arg2Isa #$arg3Genl #$Collection) (#$argFormat #$arg3Genl 1 #$SetTheFormat) (#$argFormat #$arg3Genl 2 #$SetTheFormat) (#$argGenl #$arg3Genl 2 #$Thing) (#$argGenl #$arg3Genl 2 #$Thing) (#$argIsa #$arg3Genl 2 #$Collection) (#$argIsa #$arg3Genl 2 #$Collection) (#$argIsa #$arg3Genl 1 #$Relation) (#$argIsa #$arg3Genl 1 #$Relation) (#$arity #$arg3Genl 2) (#$comment #$arg3Genl "A binary #$ArgGenlPredicate (q.v.). (#$arg3Genl RELN COL) means that semantic well-formedness requires that anything given as the third argument to RELN must be a subcollection of COL. That is, (RELN ARG1 ARG2 ARG3 ...) is semantically well-formed only if (#$genls ARG3 COL) holds. For an explanation of semantic well-formedness, see #$CycLExpression-Assertible and its specializations. See #$argGenl for a similar but more flexible ternary predicate.") (#$constrainsArg #$arg3Genl 3) (#$isa #$arg3Genl #$ArgGenlBinaryPredicate) (#$isa #$arg3Genl #$CoreConstant) (#$isa #$arg3Genl #$DefaultMonotonicPredicate) (#$isa #$arg3Genl #$IntangibleObjectRelatingPredicate) (#$isa #$arg3Genl #$OpenCycDefinitionalPredicate) (#$transitiveViaArg #$arg3Genl #$genls 2) (#$arg1Isa #$arg3GenlAttribute #$Relation) (#$arg2Format #$arg3GenlAttribute #$SetTheFormat) (#$arg2Isa #$arg3GenlAttribute #$AttributeValue) (#$argFormat #$arg3GenlAttribute 2 #$SetTheFormat) (#$argIsa #$arg3GenlAttribute 2 #$AttributeValue) (#$argIsa #$arg3GenlAttribute 2 #$AttributeValue) (#$argIsa #$arg3GenlAttribute 1 #$Relation) (#$argIsa #$arg3GenlAttribute 1 #$Relation) (#$arity #$arg3GenlAttribute 2) (#$comment #$arg3GenlAttribute "(#$arg3GenlAttribute REL ATTVAL) means that anything given as the third argument to the #$Relation REL has to be a specialized form of the #$AttributeValue ATTVAL (so that (#$genlAttributes ARG-3 ATTVAL) must hold for a prospective third argument ARG-3).") (#$isa #$arg3GenlAttribute #$ArgGenlAttributeBinaryPredicate) (#$isa #$arg3GenlAttribute #$IntangibleObjectRelatingPredicate) (#$transitiveViaArg #$arg3GenlAttribute #$genlAttributes 2) (#$arg1Format #$arg3Isa #$SetTheFormat) (#$arg1Isa #$arg3Isa #$Relation) (#$arg2Format #$arg3Isa #$SetTheFormat) (#$arg2Genl #$arg3Isa #$Thing) (#$arg2Isa #$arg3Isa #$Collection) (#$argFormat #$arg3Isa 1 #$SetTheFormat) (#$argFormat #$arg3Isa 2 #$SetTheFormat) (#$argGenl #$arg3Isa 2 #$Thing) (#$argGenl #$arg3Isa 2 #$Thing) (#$argIsa #$arg3Isa 2 #$Collection) (#$argIsa #$arg3Isa 2 #$Collection) (#$argIsa #$arg3Isa 1 #$Relation) (#$argIsa #$arg3Isa 1 #$Relation) (#$arity #$arg3Isa 2) (#$comment #$arg3Isa "A binary #$ArgIsaPredicate (q.v.). (#$arg3Isa RELN COL) means that semantic well-formedness requires that anything given as the third argument to RELN must be an instance of COL. That is, (RELN ARG1 ARG2 ARG3 ...) is semantically well-formed only if (#$isa ARG3 COL) holds. For an explanation of semantic well-formedness, see #$CycLExpression-Assertible and its specializations. See #$argIsa for a similar but more flexible ternary predicate.") (#$constrainsArg #$arg3Isa 3) (#$isa #$arg3Isa #$ArgIsaBinaryPredicate) (#$isa #$arg3Isa #$CoreConstant) (#$isa #$arg3Isa #$DefaultMonotonicPredicate) (#$isa #$arg3Isa #$IntangibleObjectRelatingPredicate) (#$isa #$arg3Isa #$OpenCycDefinitionalPredicate) (#$relationAllExists #$arg3Isa #$QuaternaryRelation #$Collection) (#$relationAllExists #$arg3Isa #$QuintaryRelation #$Collection) (#$relationAllExists #$arg3Isa #$TernaryRelation #$Collection) (#$relationAllInstance #$arg3Isa #$ArgGenlTernaryPredicate #$Collection) (#$relationAllInstance #$arg3Isa #$ArgIsaTernaryPredicate #$Collection) (#$relationAllInstance #$arg3Isa #$InstanceTypeTernaryRuleMacroPredicate #$Collection) (#$relationAllInstance #$arg3Isa #$TypeTypeTernaryRuleMacroPredicate #$Collection) (#$transitiveViaArg #$arg3Isa #$genls 2) (#$arg1Format #$arg4Format #$openEntryFormatInArgs) (#$arg1Isa #$arg4Format #$Predicate) (#$arg2Isa #$arg4Format #$IntangibleIndividual) (#$argFormat #$arg4Format 1 #$openEntryFormatInArgs) (#$argIsa #$arg4Format 2 #$IntangibleIndividual) (#$argIsa #$arg4Format 2 #$IntangibleIndividual) (#$argIsa #$arg4Format 1 #$Predicate) (#$argIsa #$arg4Format 1 #$Predicate) (#$arity #$arg4Format 2) (#$comment #$arg4Format "An instance of #$ArgFormatPredicate (q.v.) used to place a particular #$Format (q.v.) constraint on the fourth (or \"arg4\") argument-place of a given predicate. (#$arg4Format PRED FORMAT) means that PRED's arg4 is constrained to FORMAT. See the reified instances #$Format for further details.") (#$constrainsArg #$arg4Format 4) (#$isa #$arg4Format #$ArgConstraintPredicate) (#$isa #$arg4Format #$ArgFormatBinaryPredicate) (#$isa #$arg4Format #$BinaryPredicate) (#$isa #$arg4Format #$CoreConstant) (#$isa #$arg4Format #$GeneralEntryFormatPredicate) (#$isa #$arg4Format #$IntangibleObjectRelatingPredicate) (#$isa #$arg4Format #$MacroRelation) (#$isa #$arg4Format #$MetaPredicate) (#$isa #$arg4Format #$MetaPredicate) (#$isa #$arg4Format #$OpenCycDefinitionalPredicate) (#$arg1Format #$arg4Genl #$SetTheFormat) (#$arg1Isa #$arg4Genl #$Relation) (#$arg2Format #$arg4Genl #$SetTheFormat) (#$arg2Genl #$arg4Genl #$Thing) (#$arg2Isa #$arg4Genl #$Collection) (#$argFormat #$arg4Genl 1 #$SetTheFormat) (#$argFormat #$arg4Genl 2 #$SetTheFormat) (#$argGenl #$arg4Genl 2 #$Thing) (#$argGenl #$arg4Genl 2 #$Thing) (#$argIsa #$arg4Genl 2 #$Collection) (#$argIsa #$arg4Genl 2 #$Collection) (#$argIsa #$arg4Genl 1 #$Relation) (#$argIsa #$arg4Genl 1 #$Relation) (#$arity #$arg4Genl 2) (#$comment #$arg4Genl "A binary #$ArgGenlPredicate (q.v.). (#$arg4Genl RELN COL) means that semantic well-formedness requires that anything given as the fourth argument to RELN must be a subcollection of COL. That is, (RELN ARG1 ARG2 ARG3 ARG4 ...) is semantically well-formed only if (#$genls ARG4 COL) holds. For an explanation of semantic well-formedness, see #$CycLExpression-Assertible and its specializations. See #$argGenl for a similar but more flexible ternary predicate.") (#$constrainsArg #$arg4Genl 4) (#$isa #$arg4Genl #$ArgGenlBinaryPredicate) (#$isa #$arg4Genl #$CoreConstant) (#$isa #$arg4Genl #$DefaultMonotonicPredicate) (#$isa #$arg4Genl #$IntangibleObjectRelatingPredicate) (#$isa #$arg4Genl #$OpenCycDefinitionalPredicate) (#$transitiveViaArg #$arg4Genl #$genls 2) (#$arg1Isa #$arg4GenlAttribute #$Relation) (#$arg2Format #$arg4GenlAttribute #$SetTheFormat) (#$arg2Isa #$arg4GenlAttribute #$AttributeValue) (#$argFormat #$arg4GenlAttribute 2 #$SetTheFormat) (#$argIsa #$arg4GenlAttribute 2 #$AttributeValue) (#$argIsa #$arg4GenlAttribute 2 #$AttributeValue) (#$argIsa #$arg4GenlAttribute 1 #$Relation) (#$argIsa #$arg4GenlAttribute 1 #$Relation) (#$arity #$arg4GenlAttribute 2) (#$comment #$arg4GenlAttribute "(#$arg4GenlAttribute REL ATTVAL) means that anything given as the fourth argument to the #$Relation REL has to be a specialized form of the #$AttributeValue ATTVAL (so that (#$genlAttributes ARG-4 ATTVAL) must hold for a prospective fourth argument ARG-4).") (#$isa #$arg4GenlAttribute #$ArgGenlAttributeBinaryPredicate) (#$isa #$arg4GenlAttribute #$IntangibleObjectRelatingPredicate) (#$transitiveViaArg #$arg4GenlAttribute #$genlAttributes 2) (#$arg1Format #$arg4Isa #$SetTheFormat) (#$arg1Isa #$arg4Isa #$Relation) (#$arg2Format #$arg4Isa #$SetTheFormat) (#$arg2Genl #$arg4Isa #$Thing) (#$arg2Isa #$arg4Isa #$Collection) (#$argFormat #$arg4Isa 1 #$SetTheFormat) (#$argFormat #$arg4Isa 2 #$SetTheFormat) (#$argGenl #$arg4Isa 2 #$Thing) (#$argGenl #$arg4Isa 2 #$Thing) (#$argIsa #$arg4Isa 2 #$Collection) (#$argIsa #$arg4Isa 2 #$Collection) (#$argIsa #$arg4Isa 1 #$Relation) (#$argIsa #$arg4Isa 1 #$Relation) (#$arity #$arg4Isa 2) (#$comment #$arg4Isa "A binary #$ArgIsaPredicate (q.v.). (#$arg4Isa RELN COL) means that semantic well-formedness requires that anything given as the fourth argument to RELN must be an instance of COL. That is, (RELN ARG1 ARG2 ARG3 ARG4 ...) is semantically well-formed only if (#$isa ARG4 COL) holds. For an explanation of semantic well-formedness, see #$CycLExpression-Assertible and its specializations. See #$argIsa for a similar but more flexible ternary predicate.") (#$constrainsArg #$arg4Isa 4) (#$isa #$arg4Isa #$ArgIsaBinaryPredicate) (#$isa #$arg4Isa #$CoreConstant) (#$isa #$arg4Isa #$DefaultMonotonicPredicate) (#$isa #$arg4Isa #$IntangibleObjectRelatingPredicate) (#$isa #$arg4Isa #$OpenCycDefinitionalPredicate) (#$relationAllExists #$arg4Isa #$QuaternaryRelation #$Collection) (#$relationAllExists #$arg4Isa #$QuintaryRelation #$Collection) (#$transitiveViaArg #$arg4Isa #$genls 2) (#$arg1Format #$arg5Format #$openEntryFormatInArgs) (#$arg1Isa #$arg5Format #$Predicate) (#$arg2Isa #$arg5Format #$IntangibleIndividual) (#$argFormat #$arg5Format 1 #$openEntryFormatInArgs) (#$argIsa #$arg5Format 2 #$IntangibleIndividual) (#$argIsa #$arg5Format 2 #$IntangibleIndividual) (#$argIsa #$arg5Format 1 #$Predicate) (#$argIsa #$arg5Format 1 #$Predicate) (#$arity #$arg5Format 2) (#$comment #$arg5Format "An instance of #$ArgFormatPredicate (q.v.) used to place a particular #$Format (q.v.) constraint on the fifth (or \"arg5\") argument-place of a given predicate. (#$arg5Format PRED FORMAT) means that PRED's arg5 is constrained to FORMAT. See the reified instances #$Format for further details.") (#$constrainsArg #$arg5Format 5) (#$isa #$arg5Format #$ArgConstraintPredicate) (#$isa #$arg5Format #$ArgFormatBinaryPredicate) (#$isa #$arg5Format #$BinaryPredicate) (#$isa #$arg5Format #$CoreConstant) (#$isa #$arg5Format #$GeneralEntryFormatPredicate) (#$isa #$arg5Format #$IntangibleObjectRelatingPredicate) (#$isa #$arg5Format #$MacroRelation) (#$isa #$arg5Format #$MetaPredicate) (#$isa #$arg5Format #$MetaPredicate) (#$isa #$arg5Format #$OpenCycDefinitionalPredicate) (#$arg1Format #$arg5Genl #$SetTheFormat) (#$arg1Isa #$arg5Genl #$Relation) (#$arg2Format #$arg5Genl #$SetTheFormat) (#$arg2Genl #$arg5Genl #$Thing) (#$arg2Isa #$arg5Genl #$Collection) (#$argFormat #$arg5Genl 1 #$SetTheFormat) (#$argFormat #$arg5Genl 2 #$SetTheFormat) (#$argGenl #$arg5Genl 2 #$Thing) (#$argGenl #$arg5Genl 2 #$Thing) (#$argIsa #$arg5Genl 2 #$Collection) (#$argIsa #$arg5Genl 2 #$Collection) (#$argIsa #$arg5Genl 1 #$Relation) (#$argIsa #$arg5Genl 1 #$Relation) (#$arity #$arg5Genl 2) (#$comment #$arg5Genl "A binary #$ArgGenlPredicate (q.v.). (#$arg5Genl RELN COL) means that semantic well-formedness requires that anything given as the fifth argument to RELN must be a subcollection of COL. That is, (RELN ARG1 ARG2 ARG3 ARG4 ARG5 ...) is semantically well-formed only if (#$genls ARG5 COL) holds. For an explanation of semantic well-formedness, see #$CycLExpression-Assertible and its specializations. See #$argGenl for a similar but more flexible ternary predicate.") (#$constrainsArg #$arg5Genl 5) (#$isa #$arg5Genl #$ArgGenlBinaryPredicate) (#$isa #$arg5Genl #$CoreConstant) (#$isa #$arg5Genl #$DefaultMonotonicPredicate) (#$isa #$arg5Genl #$IntangibleObjectRelatingPredicate) (#$isa #$arg5Genl #$OpenCycDefinitionalPredicate) (#$transitiveViaArg #$arg5Genl #$genls 2) (#$arg1Isa #$arg5GenlAttribute #$Relation) (#$arg2Format #$arg5GenlAttribute #$SetTheFormat) (#$arg2Isa #$arg5GenlAttribute #$AttributeValue) (#$argFormat #$arg5GenlAttribute 2 #$SetTheFormat) (#$argIsa #$arg5GenlAttribute 2 #$AttributeValue) (#$argIsa #$arg5GenlAttribute 2 #$AttributeValue) (#$argIsa #$arg5GenlAttribute 1 #$Relation) (#$argIsa #$arg5GenlAttribute 1 #$Relation) (#$arity #$arg5GenlAttribute 2) (#$comment #$arg5GenlAttribute "(#$arg5GenlAttribute REL ATTVAL) means that anything given as the fifth argument to the #$Relation REL has to be a specialized form of the #$AttributeValue ATTVAL (so that (#$genlAttributes ARG-5 ATTVAL) must hold for a prospective fifth argument ARG-5).") (#$isa #$arg5GenlAttribute #$ArgGenlAttributeBinaryPredicate) (#$isa #$arg5GenlAttribute #$IntangibleObjectRelatingPredicate) (#$transitiveViaArg #$arg5GenlAttribute #$genlAttributes 2) (#$arg1Format #$arg5Isa #$SetTheFormat) (#$arg1Isa #$arg5Isa #$Relation) (#$arg2Format #$arg5Isa #$SetTheFormat) (#$arg2Genl #$arg5Isa #$Thing) (#$arg2Isa #$arg5Isa #$Collection) (#$argFormat #$arg5Isa 1 #$SetTheFormat) (#$argFormat #$arg5Isa 2 #$SetTheFormat) (#$argGenl #$arg5Isa 2 #$Thing) (#$argGenl #$arg5Isa 2 #$Thing) (#$argIsa #$arg5Isa 2 #$Collection) (#$argIsa #$arg5Isa 2 #$Collection) (#$argIsa #$arg5Isa 1 #$Relation) (#$argIsa #$arg5Isa 1 #$Relation) (#$arity #$arg5Isa 2) (#$comment #$arg5Isa "A binary #$ArgIsaPredicate (q.v.). (#$arg5Isa RELN COL) means that semantic well-formedness requires that anything given as the fifth argument to RELN must be an instance of COL. That is, (RELN ARG1 ARG2 ARG3 ARG4 ARG5 ...) is semantically well-formed only if (#$isa ARG5 COL) holds. For an explanation of semantic well-formedness, see #$CycLExpression-Assertible and its specializations. See #$argIsa for a similar but more flexible ternary predicate.") (#$constrainsArg #$arg5Isa 5) (#$isa #$arg5Isa #$ArgIsaBinaryPredicate) (#$isa #$arg5Isa #$CoreConstant) (#$isa #$arg5Isa #$DefaultMonotonicPredicate) (#$isa #$arg5Isa #$IntangibleObjectRelatingPredicate) (#$isa #$arg5Isa #$OpenCycDefinitionalPredicate) (#$relationAllExists #$arg5Isa #$QuintaryRelation #$Collection) (#$transitiveViaArg #$arg5Isa #$genls 2) (#$arg1Format #$arg6Format #$openEntryFormatInArgs) (#$arg1Isa #$arg6Format #$Predicate) (#$arg2Isa #$arg6Format #$IntangibleIndividual) (#$argFormat #$arg6Format 1 #$openEntryFormatInArgs) (#$argIsa #$arg6Format 2 #$IntangibleIndividual) (#$argIsa #$arg6Format 2 #$IntangibleIndividual) (#$argIsa #$arg6Format 1 #$Predicate) (#$argIsa #$arg6Format 1 #$Predicate) (#$arity #$arg6Format 2) (#$comment #$arg6Format "An instance of #$ArgFormatPredicate (q.v.) used to place a particular #$Format (q.v.) constraint on the sixth (or \"arg6\") argument-place of a given predicate. (#$arg6Format PRED FORMAT) means that PRED's arg6 is constrained to FORMAT. See the reified instances #$Format for further details.") (#$isa #$arg6Format #$ArgConstraintPredicate) (#$isa #$arg6Format #$BinaryPredicate) (#$isa #$arg6Format #$CoreConstant) (#$isa #$arg6Format #$GeneralEntryFormatPredicate) (#$isa #$arg6Format #$IntangibleObjectRelatingPredicate) (#$isa #$arg6Format #$MacroRelation) (#$isa #$arg6Format #$MetaPredicate) (#$isa #$arg6Format #$MetaPredicate) (#$isa #$arg6Format #$OpenCycDefinitionalPredicate) (#$arg1Format #$arg6Genl #$SetTheFormat) (#$arg1Isa #$arg6Genl #$Relation) (#$arg2Format #$arg6Genl #$SetTheFormat) (#$arg2Genl #$arg6Genl #$Thing) (#$arg2Isa #$arg6Genl #$Collection) (#$argFormat #$arg6Genl 1 #$SetTheFormat) (#$argFormat #$arg6Genl 2 #$SetTheFormat) (#$argGenl #$arg6Genl 2 #$Thing) (#$argGenl #$arg6Genl 2 #$Thing) (#$argIsa #$arg6Genl 2 #$Collection) (#$argIsa #$arg6Genl 2 #$Collection) (#$argIsa #$arg6Genl 1 #$Relation) (#$argIsa #$arg6Genl 1 #$Relation) (#$arity #$arg6Genl 2) (#$comment #$arg6Genl "A binary #$ArgGenlPredicate (q.v.). (#$arg6Genl RELN COL) means that semantic well-formedness requires that anything given as the sixth argument to RELN must be a subcollection of COL. That is, (RELN ARG1 ARG2 ARG3 ARG4 ARG5 ARG6 ...) is semantically well-formed only if (#$genls ARG6 COL) holds. For an explanation of semantic well-formedness, see #$CycLExpression-Assertible and its specializations. See #$argGenl for a similar but more flexible ternary predicate.") (#$constrainsArg #$arg6Genl 6) (#$isa #$arg6Genl #$ArgGenlBinaryPredicate) (#$isa #$arg6Genl #$CoreConstant) (#$isa #$arg6Genl #$DefaultMonotonicPredicate) (#$isa #$arg6Genl #$IntangibleObjectRelatingPredicate) (#$isa #$arg6Genl #$OpenCycDefinitionalPredicate) (#$transitiveViaArg #$arg6Genl #$genls 2) (#$arg1Isa #$arg6GenlAttribute #$Relation) (#$arg2Format #$arg6GenlAttribute #$SetTheFormat) (#$arg2Isa #$arg6GenlAttribute #$AttributeValue) (#$argFormat #$arg6GenlAttribute 2 #$SetTheFormat) (#$argIsa #$arg6GenlAttribute 2 #$AttributeValue) (#$argIsa #$arg6GenlAttribute 2 #$AttributeValue) (#$argIsa #$arg6GenlAttribute 1 #$Relation) (#$argIsa #$arg6GenlAttribute 1 #$Relation) (#$arity #$arg6GenlAttribute 2) (#$comment #$arg6GenlAttribute "(#$arg6GenlAttribute REL ATTVAL) means that anything given as the sixth argument to the #$Relation REL has to be a specialized form of the #$AttributeValue ATTVAL (so that (#$genlAttributes ARG-6 ATTVAL) must hold for a prospective sixth argument ARG-6).") (#$isa #$arg6GenlAttribute #$ArgGenlAttributeBinaryPredicate) (#$isa #$arg6GenlAttribute #$IntangibleObjectRelatingPredicate) (#$transitiveViaArg #$arg6GenlAttribute #$genlAttributes 2) (#$arg1Format #$arg6Isa #$SetTheFormat) (#$arg1Isa #$arg6Isa #$Relation) (#$arg2Format #$arg6Isa #$SetTheFormat) (#$arg2Genl #$arg6Isa #$Thing) (#$arg2Isa #$arg6Isa #$Collection) (#$argFormat #$arg6Isa 1 #$SetTheFormat) (#$argFormat #$arg6Isa 2 #$SetTheFormat) (#$argGenl #$arg6Isa 2 #$Thing) (#$argGenl #$arg6Isa 2 #$Thing) (#$argIsa #$arg6Isa 2 #$Collection) (#$argIsa #$arg6Isa 2 #$Collection) (#$argIsa #$arg6Isa 1 #$Relation) (#$argIsa #$arg6Isa 1 #$Relation) (#$arity #$arg6Isa 2) (#$comment #$arg6Isa "A binary #$ArgIsaPredicate (q.v.). (#$arg6Isa RELN COL) means that semantic well-formedness requires that anything given as the sixth argument to RELN must be an instance of COL. That is, (RELN ARG1 ARG2 ARG3 ARG4 ARG5 ARG6 ...) is semantically well-formed only if (#$isa ARG6 COL) holds. For an explanation of semantic well-formedness, see #$CycLExpression-Assertible and its specializations. See #$argIsa for a similar but more flexible ternary predicate.") (#$constrainsArg #$arg6Isa 6) (#$isa #$arg6Isa #$ArgIsaBinaryPredicate) (#$isa #$arg6Isa #$CoreConstant) (#$isa #$arg6Isa #$DefaultMonotonicPredicate) (#$isa #$arg6Isa #$IntangibleObjectRelatingPredicate) (#$isa #$arg6Isa #$OpenCycDefinitionalPredicate) (#$transitiveViaArg #$arg6Isa #$genls 2) (#$arg1Isa #$argAdmittanceTestedDuringTransitiveViaInference #$TransitiveViaArgPredicate) (#$arg2Isa #$argAdmittanceTestedDuringTransitiveViaInference #$Predicate) (#$arg3Isa #$argAdmittanceTestedDuringTransitiveViaInference #$TransitiveBinaryPredicate) (#$arg4Isa #$argAdmittanceTestedDuringTransitiveViaInference #$PositiveInteger) (#$argIsa #$argAdmittanceTestedDuringTransitiveViaInference 4 #$PositiveInteger) (#$argIsa #$argAdmittanceTestedDuringTransitiveViaInference 4 #$PositiveInteger) (#$argIsa #$argAdmittanceTestedDuringTransitiveViaInference 2 #$Predicate) (#$argIsa #$argAdmittanceTestedDuringTransitiveViaInference 2 #$Predicate) (#$argIsa #$argAdmittanceTestedDuringTransitiveViaInference 3 #$TransitiveBinaryPredicate) (#$argIsa #$argAdmittanceTestedDuringTransitiveViaInference 3 #$TransitiveBinaryPredicate) (#$argIsa #$argAdmittanceTestedDuringTransitiveViaInference 1 #$TransitiveViaArgPredicate) (#$argIsa #$argAdmittanceTestedDuringTransitiveViaInference 1 #$TransitiveViaArgPredicate) (#$arity #$argAdmittanceTestedDuringTransitiveViaInference 4) (#$comment #$argAdmittanceTestedDuringTransitiveViaInference "This QuaternaryPredicate is used to state that, when certain sorts of inferences take place, argument admittance verification is required for a specified argument-place of a certain predicate, where this predicate and argument-place number are related to some transitive binary predicate via either #$transitiveViaArg or #$transitiveViaArgInverse. More precisely, (#$argAdmittanceTestedDuringTransitiveViaInference TVA-PRED INDEX-PRED TRANS-PRED N) means that when the assertion corresponding to (TVA-PRED INDEX-PRED TRANS-PRED N) is used for unification of some atomic sentence SENTENCE during #$transitiveViaArg or #$transitiveViaArgInverse reasoning, argument admittance is verified for the term in SENTENCE that has the position specified by N. The INDEX-PRED predicate (i.e. the 0th-place argument in SENTENCE), its relevant argument-place N, and the transitive predicate, TRANS-PRED, with respect to which the argument admittance verification is to be carried out are all specified by the argAdmittanceTestedDuringTransitiveViaInference assertion. The utility of #$argAdmittanceTestedDuringTransitiveViaInference is as follows. Suppose (e.g.) that (#$transitiveViaArg INDEX-PRED TRANS-PRED N) and (INDEX-PRED ... ARGN ...) both hold. In some such cases, any term in the \"transitive closure\" of ARGN via TRANS-PRED is itself an admissible argument for INDEX-PRED's Nth argument-place. But in certain other cases this is not so, and thus argument admittance testing is needed to determine whether a given member of this transitive closure is admissible in INDEX-PRED's Nth argument-place. #$argAdmittanceTestedDuringTransitiveViaInference is used to specify cases of the latter sort, where argument admittance testing is required, and thereby enables us to avoid the unnecessary expense of testing all cases.") (#$isa #$argAdmittanceTestedDuringTransitiveViaInference #$Predicate) (#$isa #$argAdmittanceTestedDuringTransitiveViaInference #$QuaternaryPredicate) (#$arg1Format #$argAndRestGenl #$SetTheFormat) (#$arg1Isa #$argAndRestGenl #$VariableArityRelation) (#$arg2Format #$argAndRestGenl #$SetTheFormat) (#$arg2Isa #$argAndRestGenl #$PositiveInteger) (#$arg3Format #$argAndRestGenl #$SetTheFormat) (#$arg3Genl #$argAndRestGenl #$Thing) (#$arg3Isa #$argAndRestGenl #$Collection) (#$argFormat #$argAndRestGenl 1 #$SetTheFormat) (#$argFormat #$argAndRestGenl 2 #$SetTheFormat) (#$argFormat #$argAndRestGenl 3 #$SetTheFormat) (#$argGenl #$argAndRestGenl 3 #$Thing) (#$argGenl #$argAndRestGenl 3 #$Thing) (#$argIsa #$argAndRestGenl 3 #$Collection) (#$argIsa #$argAndRestGenl 3 #$Collection) (#$argIsa #$argAndRestGenl 2 #$PositiveInteger) (#$argIsa #$argAndRestGenl 2 #$PositiveInteger) (#$argIsa #$argAndRestGenl 1 #$VariableArityRelation) (#$argIsa #$argAndRestGenl 1 #$VariableArityRelation) (#$arity #$argAndRestGenl 3) (#$comment #$argAndRestGenl "A ternary #$ArgGenlPredicate (q.v.) used to place a specified #$genls based argument-type constraint on a given #$VariableArityRelation (q.v.) with respect to any of its argument-places whose ordinal position is greater than or equal to a specified number. (#$argAndRestGenl RELN N COL) means that, as a necessary condition for semantic well-formedness, anything given as the Nth or greater argument to RELN must be an specialization of COL. Thus a closed formula (RELN ARG1..ARG(N)..ARG(N+1)..) is well-formed only if each of ARG(N)..ARG(N+1).. is an instance of COL. See also #$argsGenl and #$argAndRestIsa.") (#$genlPreds #$argAndRestGenl #$argGenl) (#$isa #$argAndRestGenl #$ArgGenlTernaryPredicate) (#$isa #$argAndRestGenl #$CoreConstant) (#$isa #$argAndRestGenl #$DefaultMonotonicPredicate) (#$isa #$argAndRestGenl #$IntangibleObjectRelatingPredicate) (#$isa #$argAndRestGenl #$OpenCycDefinitionalPredicate) (#$transitiveViaArg #$argAndRestGenl #$genls 3) (#$arg1Format #$argAndRestIsa #$SetTheFormat) (#$arg1Isa #$argAndRestIsa #$Relation) (#$arg1Isa #$argAndRestIsa #$VariableArityRelation) (#$arg2Format #$argAndRestIsa #$SetTheFormat) (#$arg2Isa #$argAndRestIsa #$PositiveInteger) (#$arg2Isa #$argAndRestIsa #$SubLPositiveInteger) (#$arg2Isa #$argAndRestIsa #$SubLPositiveInteger) (#$arg3Format #$argAndRestIsa #$SetTheFormat) (#$arg3Genl #$argAndRestIsa #$Thing) (#$arg3Isa #$argAndRestIsa #$Collection) (#$argFormat #$argAndRestIsa 1 #$SetTheFormat) (#$argFormat #$argAndRestIsa 2 #$SetTheFormat) (#$argFormat #$argAndRestIsa 3 #$SetTheFormat) (#$argGenl #$argAndRestIsa 3 #$Thing) (#$argGenl #$argAndRestIsa 3 #$Thing) (#$argIsa #$argAndRestIsa 3 #$Collection) (#$argIsa #$argAndRestIsa 3 #$Collection) (#$argIsa #$argAndRestIsa 3 #$Collection) (#$argIsa #$argAndRestIsa 2 #$PositiveInteger) (#$argIsa #$argAndRestIsa 2 #$PositiveInteger) (#$argIsa #$argAndRestIsa 2 #$PositiveInteger) (#$argIsa #$argAndRestIsa 1 #$Relation) (#$argIsa #$argAndRestIsa 1 #$Relation) (#$argIsa #$argAndRestIsa 1 #$Relation) (#$argIsa #$argAndRestIsa 2 #$SubLPositiveInteger) (#$argIsa #$argAndRestIsa 2 #$SubLPositiveInteger) (#$argIsa #$argAndRestIsa 2 #$SubLPositiveInteger) (#$argIsa #$argAndRestIsa 1 #$VariableArityRelation) (#$argIsa #$argAndRestIsa 1 #$VariableArityRelation) (#$arity #$argAndRestIsa 3) (#$arity #$argAndRestIsa 3) (#$comment #$argAndRestIsa "A ternary #$ArgIsaPredicate (q.v.) used to place a specified #$isa based argument-type constraint on a given #$VariableArityRelation (q.v.) with respect to any of its argument-places whose ordinal position is greater than or equal to a specified number. (#$argAndRestIsa RELN N COL) means that, as a necessary condition for semantic well-formedness, anything given as the Nth or greater argument to RELN must be an instance of COL. Thus a closed formula (RELN ARG1..ARG(N)..ARG(N+1)..) is well-formed only if each of ARG(N)..ARG(N+1).. is an instance of COL. See also #$argsIsa and #$argAndRestGenl.") (#$genlPreds #$argAndRestIsa #$argIsa) (#$isa #$argAndRestIsa #$ArgIsaTernaryPredicate) (#$isa #$argAndRestIsa #$DefaultMonotonicPredicate) (#$isa #$argAndRestIsa #$DefinitionalPredicate) (#$isa #$argAndRestIsa #$LogicalTruthConstant) (#$isa #$argAndRestIsa #$OpenCycDefinitionalPredicate) (#$isa #$argAndRestIsa #$Predicate) (#$transitiveViaArg #$argAndRestIsa #$genls 3) (#$arg1Format #$argCardinality #$openEntryFormatInArgs) (#$arg1Isa #$argCardinality #$Predicate) (#$arg2Isa #$argCardinality #$PositiveInteger) (#$arg3Isa #$argCardinality #$Cardinal-Mathematical) (#$argFormat #$argCardinality 1 #$openEntryFormatInArgs) (#$argIsa #$argCardinality 3 #$Cardinal-Mathematical) (#$argIsa #$argCardinality 3 #$Cardinal-Mathematical) (#$argIsa #$argCardinality 2 #$PositiveInteger) (#$argIsa #$argCardinality 2 #$PositiveInteger) (#$argIsa #$argCardinality 1 #$Predicate) (#$argIsa #$argCardinality 1 #$Predicate) (#$arity #$argCardinality 3) (#$comment #$argCardinality "An #$ArgConstraintPredicate (q.v.) that can be used to put a cardinality-based constraint on a predicate with respect to a given argument-place. (#$argCardinality PRED N CARD) means that, for any particular way of fixing the other arguments to PRED besides the Nth, there are at most CARD distinct things such that, if any one of them is taken as the _Nth_ argument, PRED holds of those arguments. That is, there are at most CARD distinct sequences of the form <... ARGN(i) ...> that differ from one another only in their Nth members (their respective ARGN(i)) and are such that (PRED ... ARGN(i) ...) holds. Note that CARD is simply the _maximum_ number of such sequences that there can be. There is no guarantee that there will be _at_least_ CARD such sequences; in any given case there might be fewer than CARD such sequences, and possibly none at all. On the other hand, there is a default assumption that the presence of an assertion of the form (#$argCardinality PRED N CARD) in the Knowledge Base indicates that the relation PRED is such that no number lower than CARD could correctly have been used instead. (Given that the above argument-cardinality assertion is true, (#$argCardinality PRED N CARD+1) is trivially true as well; the default assumption reflects the idea that it would nevertheless be misleading to assert the later.) Most of the argument-cardinality sentences worth asserting are where CARD is 1, which entails that PRED is \"functional\" in its Nth argument (see #$functionalInArgs). As an upper limit, CARD might be #$PlusInfinity, which amounts to an explicit denial that any finite cardinality restriction is correct for the argument-place in question, which amounts to no restriction at all; so such sentences are worth asserting to the KB only in cases where this lack of any cardinality restriction is likely to be surprising or unexpected, in order to document the fact that the question has already been considered and thereby reduce the potential for an unnecessary duplication of effort. As a lower limit, CARD might be 0, which entails that PRED holds of _no_ argument-sequence whatsoever; but it is unlikely that any such assertion should appear in the KB, since there would be little point to having such a predicate in the CycL language in the first place. See also #$interArgCardinality, #$assertedArgCardinality, and #$intraArgReln.") (#$isa #$argCardinality #$ArgCardinalityPredicate) (#$isa #$argCardinality #$DefaultMonotonicPredicate) (#$isa #$argCardinality #$MetaPredicate) (#$isa #$argCardinality #$OpenCycDefinitionalPredicate) (#$isa #$argCardinality #$TernaryPredicate) (#$comment #$ArgCardinalityPredicate "The collection of those #$ArgConstraintPredicates used to put cardinality-based argument constraints on predicates. An argument-cardinality constraint is a kind of restriction on a predicate regarding the maximum number of things the predicate holds of with respect to a given one of its argument-places. More precisely: given any particular way of fixing the arguments in the rest of the predicate's argument-places (perhaps together with some further specified condition), the cardinality constraint states the maximum number of different things that can occupy the given argument-place such that the relation holds of those arguments. That is, supposing the given argument-place is the Nth, the cardinality constraint gives the maximum number of different sequences of arguments of which the predicate holds and that differ from each other only in their Nth items (and, where relevant, that meet some further specified condition). Instances of #$ArgCardinalityPredicate include #$argCardinality, #$interArgCardinality, and #$assertedArgCardinality. Note that, in contrast with what #$ArgTypePredicates (q.v.) are used for, putting an argument-cardinality constraint on a predicate does _not_ impose a necessary condition for semantic well-formedness on closed atomic sentences built from that predicate. A violation of a cardinality constraint with respect to the Cyc Knowledge Base normally involves multiple such sentences, where at least one them must be _untrue_ (or otherwise unsuited for assertion in the KB); but there is no implication that any of them is malformed.") (#$genls #$ArgCardinalityPredicate #$ArgConstraintPredicate) (#$genls #$ArgCardinalityPredicate #$MetaPredicate) (#$isa #$ArgCardinalityPredicate #$PredicateCategory) (#$arg1Format #$argConstraint #$openEntryFormatInArgs) (#$arg1Isa #$argConstraint #$Relation) (#$arg2Format #$argConstraint #$openEntryFormatInArgs) (#$arg2Isa #$argConstraint #$NonNegativeInteger) (#$arg3Format #$argConstraint #$openEntryFormatInArgs) (#$arg3Isa #$argConstraint #$SetOrCollection) (#$argFormat #$argConstraint 1 #$openEntryFormatInArgs) (#$argFormat #$argConstraint 2 #$openEntryFormatInArgs) (#$argFormat #$argConstraint 3 #$openEntryFormatInArgs) (#$argIsa #$argConstraint 2 #$NonNegativeInteger) (#$argIsa #$argConstraint 2 #$NonNegativeInteger) (#$argIsa #$argConstraint 1 #$Relation) (#$argIsa #$argConstraint 1 #$Relation) (#$argIsa #$argConstraint 3 #$SetOrCollection) (#$argIsa #$argConstraint 3 #$SetOrCollection) (#$arity #$argConstraint 3) (#$comment #$argConstraint "A #$MetaRelation predicate for stating a quite general sort of argument-type constraint on a specified argument-place of a specified relation. (#$argConstraint REL N SETORCOLL) means that semantic well-formedness requires that anything given as the Nth argument to REL be an element of SETORCOLL. (An exception to this is when N is 0: (#$argConstraint REL 0 SETORCOLL) means that _any_ argument to REL, regardless of argument place, must be an element of SETORCOLL.) #$argConstraint is useful for stating constraints that are specified with the use of set-theoretical relations such as #$TheSetOf or #$TheSet. For cases where a constraint can be specified strictly in terms of membership in a certain _collection_, consider the more specialized predicate #$argIsa.") (#$isa #$argConstraint #$DefaultMonotonicPredicate) (#$isa #$argConstraint #$MetaRelation) (#$isa #$argConstraint #$MetaRelation) (#$isa #$argConstraint #$TernaryPredicate) (#$comment #$ArgConstraintPredicate "The collection of #$MetaRelations whose instances are used to put semantic well-formedness or entry-format constraints on one or more argument-places of a given #$Relation. Such a constraint might concern an argument's _type_, an argument-place's #$Format (q.v.), a conditional relationship between two argument(-place)s' types or formats, or some other sort of relationship between two arguments. For a fuller account, see the various specializations of #$ArgConstraintPredicate.") (#$genls #$ArgConstraintPredicate #$CanonicalizerDirectivePredicate) (#$genls #$ArgConstraintPredicate #$MetaRelation) (#$isa #$ArgConstraintPredicate #$AtemporalNecessarilyEssentialCollectionType) (#$isa #$ArgConstraintPredicate #$Collection) (#$isa #$ArgConstraintPredicate #$CoreConstant) (#$isa #$ArgConstraintPredicate #$PredicateCategory) (#$arg1Format #$argFormat #$openEntryFormatInArgs) (#$arg1Isa #$argFormat #$Predicate) (#$arg2Format #$argFormat #$intervalEntryFormatInArgs) (#$arg2Format #$argFormat #$openEntryFormatInArgs) (#$arg2Isa #$argFormat #$NonNegativeInteger) (#$arg3Format #$argFormat #$openEntryFormatInArgs) (#$arg3Isa #$argFormat #$IntangibleIndividual) (#$argFormat #$argFormat 2 #$intervalEntryFormatInArgs) (#$argFormat #$argFormat 1 #$openEntryFormatInArgs) (#$argFormat #$argFormat 2 #$openEntryFormatInArgs) (#$argFormat #$argFormat 3 #$openEntryFormatInArgs) (#$argIsa #$argFormat 3 #$IntangibleIndividual) (#$argIsa #$argFormat 3 #$IntangibleIndividual) (#$argIsa #$argFormat 2 #$NonNegativeInteger) (#$argIsa #$argFormat 2 #$NonNegativeInteger) (#$argIsa #$argFormat 1 #$Predicate) (#$argIsa #$argFormat 1 #$Predicate) (#$arity #$argFormat 3) (#$comment #$argFormat "A ternary #$ArgFormatPredicate (q.v.) used to put #$Format (q.v.) constraints on a specified argument-place of a given predicate. (#$argFormat PRED N FORMAT) means that the Nth argument of PRED has the format FORMAT. See the reified instances of #$Format for further explanation. Note that there are binary predicates that mean essentially the same thing as #$argFormat, but are restricted to some particular argument-place: #$arg1Format, #$arg2Format, etc.") (#$isa #$argFormat #$ArgConstraintPredicate) (#$isa #$argFormat #$DefaultMonotonicPredicate) (#$isa #$argFormat #$GeneralEntryFormatPredicate) (#$isa #$argFormat #$MacroRelation) (#$isa #$argFormat #$MetaPredicate) (#$isa #$argFormat #$MetaPredicate) (#$isa #$argFormat #$OpenCycDefinitionalPredicate) (#$isa #$argFormat #$TernaryPredicate) (#$comment #$ArgFormatBinaryPredicate "The collection of binary predicates used to specify the required #$Format (q.v.) for a particular argument-place of a given #$Predicate.") (#$genls #$ArgFormatBinaryPredicate #$ArgConstraintPredicate) (#$genls #$ArgFormatBinaryPredicate #$ArgFormatPredicate) (#$genls #$ArgFormatBinaryPredicate #$BinaryPredicate) (#$genls #$ArgFormatBinaryPredicate #$MetaPredicate) (#$isa #$ArgFormatBinaryPredicate #$PredicateCategory) (#$comment #$ArgFormatPredicate "The collection of those #$ArgConstraintPredicates used to specify an entry-format for a certain argument-place of a given #$Predicate. An argument entry-format is a kind of restriction on a predicate regarding how many things, or the range of things, that the predicate holds of with respect to a given one of its argument-places. More precisely: given any particular way of fixing the arguments in the rest of the predicate's argument-places, the entry-format tells us something about the number of different things, or the range of things, that can occupy the given argument-place such that the relation holds of those arguments. That is, supposing the given argument-place is the Nth, the entry-format tells us something about the number or range of different sequences of arguments of which the predicate holds and that differ from each other only in their Nth items. Two important specializations of #$ArgFormatPredicate are #$SpecificEntryFormatPredicate and #$GeneralEntryFormatPredicate (qq.v.). Instances of #$SpecificEntryFormatPredicate each have to do with a specific format (see e.g. #$singleEntryFormatInArgs). Instances of #$GeneralEntryFormatPredicate are comparatively \"higher-order\", and are used to relate any given #$SpecificEntryFormatPredicate to a (fixed or given) argument-place of a given predicate (see e.g. #$arg1Format and #$argFormat). Note that in some of the later cases the specified format constraint will be an \"inter-argument\" one that depends in some way upon one of the predicate's other argument-places (or upon another, non-format, feature of the same argument-place); see #$InterArgFormatPredicate. Note also that, in contrast with what #$ArgTypePredicates (q.v.) are used for, specifying an argument entry-format for a predicate does _not_ impose any sort of necessary condition for semantic well-formedness. A violation of a legitimate entry-format constraint necessarily involves two or more statements, and at least one them must be _untrue_; but there is no implication that any of them is malformed.") (#$genls #$ArgFormatPredicate #$ArgConstraintPredicate) (#$genls #$ArgFormatPredicate #$MetaPredicate) (#$isa #$ArgFormatPredicate #$PredicateCategory) (#$arg1Format #$argGenl #$SetTheFormat) (#$arg1Isa #$argGenl #$Relation) (#$arg2Format #$argGenl #$SetTheFormat) (#$arg2Isa #$argGenl #$NonNegativeInteger) (#$arg3Format #$argGenl #$SetTheFormat) (#$arg3Genl #$argGenl #$Thing) (#$arg3Isa #$argGenl #$Collection) (#$argFormat #$argGenl 1 #$SetTheFormat) (#$argFormat #$argGenl 2 #$SetTheFormat) (#$argFormat #$argGenl 3 #$SetTheFormat) (#$argGenl #$argGenl 3 #$Thing) (#$argGenl #$argGenl 3 #$Thing) (#$argIsa #$argGenl 3 #$Collection) (#$argIsa #$argGenl 3 #$Collection) (#$argIsa #$argGenl 2 #$NonNegativeInteger) (#$argIsa #$argGenl 2 #$NonNegativeInteger) (#$argIsa #$argGenl 1 #$Relation) (#$argIsa #$argGenl 1 #$Relation) (#$arity #$argGenl 3) (#$comment #$argGenl "A ternary #$ArgGenlPredicate (q.v.). (#$argGenl RELN N COL) means that semantic well-formedness requires that anything given as the Nth argument to RELN must be a subcollection of COL. That is, (RELN ... ARGN ...) is semantically well-formed only if (#$genls ARGN COL) holds. For example, (#$argGenl #$AtomFn 1 #$ElementStuff) and (#$argGenl #$argGenl 3 #$Thing) both hold. In the special case where N is 0, #$argGenl is used to state that a certain #$genls constraint applies to _each_ of REL's argument-places. Thus, (#$argGenl RELN 0 COL) means that _any_ semantically appropriate argument to RELN, regardless of argument-place, must be a specialization of COL. For example, (#$argGenl #$AtomicCompositionFn 0 (#$GroupFn #$Atom)) holds. For an explanation of semantic well-formedness, see #$CycLExpression-Assertible and its specializations. For similar but less flexible binary predicates, see #$arg1Genls et al. See also #$argIsa.") (#$isa #$argGenl #$ArgGenlTernaryPredicate) (#$isa #$argGenl #$DefaultMonotonicPredicate) (#$isa #$argGenl #$IntangibleObjectRelatingPredicate) (#$isa #$argGenl #$OpenCycDefinitionalPredicate) (#$isa #$argGenl #$Predicate) (#$transitiveViaArg #$argGenl #$genls 3) (#$arg1Isa #$argGenlAttribute #$Relation) (#$arg2Isa #$argGenlAttribute #$PositiveInteger) (#$arg3Format #$argGenlAttribute #$SetTheFormat) (#$arg3Isa #$argGenlAttribute #$AttributeValue) (#$argFormat #$argGenlAttribute 3 #$SetTheFormat) (#$argIsa #$argGenlAttribute 3 #$AttributeValue) (#$argIsa #$argGenlAttribute 3 #$AttributeValue) (#$argIsa #$argGenlAttribute 2 #$PositiveInteger) (#$argIsa #$argGenlAttribute 2 #$PositiveInteger) (#$argIsa #$argGenlAttribute 1 #$Relation) (#$argIsa #$argGenlAttribute 1 #$Relation) (#$arity #$argGenlAttribute 3) (#$comment #$argGenlAttribute "(#$argGenlAttribute REL N ATTVAL) means that anything given as the Nth argument to REL has to be a spec attribute of ATTVAL.") (#$isa #$argGenlAttribute #$ArgGenlAttributeTernaryPredicate) (#$isa #$argGenlAttribute #$DefaultMonotonicPredicate) (#$isa #$argGenlAttribute #$IntangibleObjectRelatingPredicate) (#$transitiveViaArg #$argGenlAttribute #$genlAttributes 3) (#$comment #$ArgGenlAttributeBinaryPredicate "Those instances of both #$ArgTypeBinaryPredicate and #$ArgGenlAttributePredicate used to specify the required attribute of an argument of #$Relation. Each instance PRED of this collection is a binary predicate with the following properties: ARG1 is an instance of #$Relation, and ARG2 is an instance of #$AttributeValue. (PRED ARG1 ARG2) means that some argument of ARG1 is constrained to be a spec attribute of ARG2, where PRED determines the argument place in question.") (#$genls #$ArgGenlAttributeBinaryPredicate #$ArgGenlAttributePredicate) (#$genls #$ArgGenlAttributeBinaryPredicate #$ArgTypeBinaryPredicate) (#$genls #$ArgGenlAttributeBinaryPredicate #$ArgTypeBinaryPredicate) (#$genls #$ArgGenlAttributeBinaryPredicate #$ArgTypeBinaryPredicate) (#$isa #$ArgGenlAttributeBinaryPredicate #$AtemporalNecessarilyEssentialCollectionType) (#$isa #$ArgGenlAttributeBinaryPredicate #$Collection) (#$isa #$ArgGenlAttributeBinaryPredicate #$CoreConstant) (#$isa #$ArgGenlAttributeBinaryPredicate #$PredicateCategory) (#$comment #$ArgGenlAttributePredicate "The subcollection of #$ArgTypePredicate used to specify the required attribute of an argument of a #$Relation.") (#$genls #$ArgGenlAttributePredicate #$ArgTypePredicate) (#$isa #$ArgGenlAttributePredicate #$PredicateCategory) (#$comment #$ArgGenlAttributeTernaryPredicate "A specialization of both #$ArgTypeTernaryPredicate and #$ArgGenlAttributePredicate. Each instance of #$ArgGenlAttributeTernaryPredicate is a ternary predicate used to place a \"#$genlAttributes\" constraint on (and thereby specify an argument-type for) one or more argument-places of a relation. To be more precise, each instance PRED of #$ArgGenlAttributeTernaryPredicate takes a #$Relation RELN as its first argument, a #$NonNegativeInteger N as its second argument, and an #$AttributeValue ATTR as its third argument. PRED places a \"#$genlAttributes\" constraint on RELN's Nth argument-place that is based on ATTR, so that a ground atomic sentence (GAF) of the form (RELN ARG1..ARGN..) is semantically well-formed only if ARGN is a specialization of ATTR (in the sense that (#$genlAttributes ARGN ATTR) holds). An important instance of #$ArgGenlAttributeTernaryPredicate is #$argGenlAttribute.") (#$genls #$ArgGenlAttributeTernaryPredicate #$ArgGenlAttributePredicate) (#$genls #$ArgGenlAttributeTernaryPredicate #$ArgTypeTernaryPredicate) (#$genls #$ArgGenlAttributeTernaryPredicate #$ArgTypeTernaryPredicate) (#$genls #$ArgGenlAttributeTernaryPredicate #$ArgTypeTernaryPredicate) (#$isa #$ArgGenlAttributeTernaryPredicate #$AtemporalNecessarilyEssentialCollectionType) (#$isa #$ArgGenlAttributeTernaryPredicate #$Collection) (#$isa #$ArgGenlAttributeTernaryPredicate #$CoreConstant) (#$isa #$ArgGenlAttributeTernaryPredicate #$PredicateCategory) (#$isa #$ArgGenlAttributeTernaryPredicate #$PredicateCategory) (#$comment #$ArgGenlBinaryPredicate "Those instances of both #$BinaryPredicate and #$ArgGenlPredicate used to specify the required #$genls of an argument of a #$Relation; the arg1 is the #$Relation; the arg2 is the required #$genls #$Collection.") (#$genls #$ArgGenlBinaryPredicate #$ArgGenlPredicate) (#$genls #$ArgGenlBinaryPredicate #$ArgTypeBinaryPredicate) (#$genls #$ArgGenlBinaryPredicate #$ArgTypeBinaryPredicate) (#$isa #$ArgGenlBinaryPredicate #$AtemporalNecessarilyEssentialCollectionType) (#$isa #$ArgGenlBinaryPredicate #$Collection) (#$isa #$ArgGenlBinaryPredicate #$CoreConstant) (#$isa #$ArgGenlBinaryPredicate #$PredicateCategory) (#$comment #$ArgGenlPredicate "Those instance of #$ArgTypePredicate used to specify the required #$genls of an argument of a #$Relation.") (#$genls #$ArgGenlPredicate #$ArgTypePredicate) (#$genls #$ArgGenlPredicate #$DefinitionalPredicate) (#$isa #$ArgGenlPredicate #$PredicateCategory) (#$comment #$ArgGenlTernaryPredicate "A specialization of #$ArgTypeTernaryPredicate and #$ArgGenlPredicate. Each instance of #$ArgGenlTernaryPredicate is used to specify that a certain collection is required to stand in the #$genls relation to anything that is acceptable in a particular argument slot of a given instance of #$Relation. With each instance of #$ArgGenlTernaryPredicate, the first argument is the relation constrained; the second argument is the argument constrained; and the third argument is the required collection that the relation's specified argument is required to be a specialization of.") (#$genls #$ArgGenlTernaryPredicate #$ArgGenlPredicate) (#$genls #$ArgGenlTernaryPredicate #$ArgTypeTernaryPredicate) (#$genls #$ArgGenlTernaryPredicate #$ArgTypeTernaryPredicate) (#$isa #$ArgGenlTernaryPredicate #$AtemporalNecessarilyEssentialCollectionType) (#$isa #$ArgGenlTernaryPredicate #$Collection) (#$isa #$ArgGenlTernaryPredicate #$CoreConstant) (#$isa #$ArgGenlTernaryPredicate #$PredicateCategory) (#$arg1Format #$argIsa #$SetTheFormat) (#$arg1Isa #$argIsa #$Relation) (#$arg2Format #$argIsa #$SetTheFormat) (#$arg2Isa #$argIsa #$NonNegativeInteger) (#$arg2Isa #$argIsa #$PositiveInteger) (#$arg2Isa #$argIsa #$SubLPositiveInteger) (#$arg2Isa #$argIsa #$SubLPositiveInteger) (#$arg3Format #$argIsa #$SetTheFormat) (#$arg3Genl #$argIsa #$Thing) (#$arg3Isa #$argIsa #$Collection) (#$argFormat #$argIsa 1 #$SetTheFormat) (#$argFormat #$argIsa 2 #$SetTheFormat) (#$argFormat #$argIsa 3 #$SetTheFormat) (#$argGenl #$argIsa 3 #$Thing) (#$argGenl #$argIsa 3 #$Thing) (#$argIsa #$argIsa 3 #$Collection) (#$argIsa #$argIsa 3 #$Collection) (#$argIsa #$argIsa 3 #$Collection) (#$argIsa #$argIsa 2 #$NonNegativeInteger) (#$argIsa #$argIsa 2 #$NonNegativeInteger) (#$argIsa #$argIsa 2 #$PositiveInteger) (#$argIsa #$argIsa 2 #$PositiveInteger) (#$argIsa #$argIsa 2 #$PositiveInteger) (#$argIsa #$argIsa 1 #$Relation) (#$argIsa #$argIsa 1 #$Relation) (#$argIsa #$argIsa 1 #$Relation) (#$argIsa #$argIsa 2 #$SubLPositiveInteger) (#$argIsa #$argIsa 2 #$SubLPositiveInteger) (#$argIsa #$argIsa 2 #$SubLPositiveInteger) (#$arity #$argIsa 3) (#$arity #$argIsa 3) (#$comment #$argIsa "A ternary #$ArgIsaPredicate (q.v.). (#$argIsa RELN N COL) means that semantic well-formedness requires that anything given as the Nth argument to RELN must be an instance of COL. That is, (RELN ... ARGN ...) is semantically well-formed only if (#$isa ARGN COL) holds. For example, (#$argIsa #$mother 1 #$Animal) and (#$argIsa #$argIsa 3 #$Collection) both hold. An exception to this is when N is 0: (#$argIsa RELN 0 COL) means that _any_ argument to RELN, regardless of argument place, must be an instance of COL; for example (#$argIsa #$PlusFn 0 #$ScalarInterval holds). For an explanation of semantic well-formedness, see #$CycLExpression-Assertible and its specializations. For similar but less flexible binary predicates, see #$arg1Isa et al. See also #$argGenl.") (#$genlPreds #$argIsa #$argConstraint) (#$isa #$argIsa #$ArgIsaTernaryPredicate) (#$isa #$argIsa #$DefaultMonotonicPredicate) (#$isa #$argIsa #$LogicalTruthConstant) (#$isa #$argIsa #$OpenCycDefinitionalPredicate) (#$isa #$argIsa #$Predicate) (#$isa #$argIsa #$Predicate) (#$transitiveViaArg #$argIsa #$genls 3) (#$typedGenlPreds #$argIsa #$argConstraint) (#$comment #$ArgIsaBinaryPredicate "A specialization of both #$ArgTypeBinaryPredicate and #$ArgIsaPredicate. Each instance of #$ArgIsaBinaryPredicate takes a #$Relation RELN as its first argument, and a #$Collection COL as its second argument, and places a constraint based on COL on at least one of the argument-places of RELN. To be more precise, suppose that PRED is an #$ArgIsaBinaryPredicate that specifies an argument-type for the Nth argument-place of RELN. Then a sentence of the form (PRED RELN COL) entails that a closed formula of the form (RELN ... ARGN ...) is semantically well-formed only if ARGN is an instance of COL.") (#$genls #$ArgIsaBinaryPredicate #$ArgIsaPredicate) (#$genls #$ArgIsaBinaryPredicate #$ArgTypeBinaryPredicate) (#$genls #$ArgIsaBinaryPredicate #$ArgTypeBinaryPredicate) (#$isa #$ArgIsaBinaryPredicate #$AtemporalNecessarilyEssentialCollectionType) (#$isa #$ArgIsaBinaryPredicate #$Collection) (#$isa #$ArgIsaBinaryPredicate #$CoreConstant) (#$isa #$ArgIsaBinaryPredicate #$PredicateCategory) (#$comment #$ArgIsaPredicate "The collection of #$ArgTypePredicates (q.v.) that specify argument-types directly (by referencing certain collections) and impose constraints that require a thing's being an instance of a collection thus specified. More precisely, each instance of #$ArgIsaPredicate PRED takes a #$Relation RELN as its first argument (or \"arg1\"), and has at least one other argument-place (say the Mth) for specifying an argument-type for one of RELN's argument-places (say the Nth). (The value of N might be fixed or might be given by yet another of PRED's arguments.) Suppose M=2 and N=1. PRED then takes a #$Collection as its second argument, and a closed atomic sentence (or \"GAF\") of the form (PRED RELN COL ..) puts an \"#$isa\" constraint on RELN's first argument-place that is based on COL. If PRED is a \"single-argument\" constraint predicate, the GAF entails that a closed formula of the form (RELN ARG1 ..) is semantically well-formed only if ARG1 is an instance of (i.e. #$isa) COL. If PRED is an \"inter-argument\" constraint predicate, the GAF expresses a slightly more complicated, conditional #$isa constraint on a pair of RELN's argument-places (see #$InterArgIsaPredicate).") (#$genls #$ArgIsaPredicate #$ArgTypePredicate) (#$genls #$ArgIsaPredicate #$DefinitionalPredicate) (#$isa #$ArgIsaPredicate #$PredicateCategory) (#$comment #$ArgIsaTernaryPredicate "A specialization of both #$ArgTypeTernaryPredicate and #$ArgIsaPredicate (q.v.). Each instance of #$ArgIsaTernaryPredicate is a ternary predicate used to place an \"#$isa\" constraint on (and thereby specify an argument-type for) one or more argument-places of a relation. To be more precise, each instance PRED of #$ArgIsaTernaryPredicate takes a #$Relation RELN as its first argument, a #$NonNegativeInteger N as its second argument, and a #$Collection COL as its third argument. PRED places an \"#$isa\" constraint on RELN's Nth argument-place that is based on COL, so that a ground atomic sentence (GAF) of the form (RELN ARG1..ARGN..) is semantically well-formed only if ARGN is an instance of COL. (Note that (i) if N = 0 then this same constraint is placed on _all_ of RELN's argument-places and (ii) if PRED is #$argAndRestIsa then this constraint is placed on all of RELN's argument-places whose ordinal positions are greater than or equal to the Nth.) An important instance of #$ArgIsaTernaryPredicate is #$argIsa.") (#$genls #$ArgIsaTernaryPredicate #$ArgIsaPredicate) (#$genls #$ArgIsaTernaryPredicate #$ArgTypeTernaryPredicate) (#$genls #$ArgIsaTernaryPredicate #$ArgTypeTernaryPredicate) (#$isa #$ArgIsaTernaryPredicate #$AtemporalNecessarilyEssentialCollectionType) (#$isa #$ArgIsaTernaryPredicate #$Collection) (#$isa #$ArgIsaTernaryPredicate #$CoreConstant) (#$isa #$ArgIsaTernaryPredicate #$PredicateCategory) (#$arg1Format #$argN #$singleEntryFormatInArgs) (#$arg1Isa #$argN #$CycLTerm) (#$arg2Isa #$argN #$NonNegativeInteger) (#$arg3Isa #$argN #$CycLFormula) (#$argFormat #$argN 1 #$singleEntryFormatInArgs) (#$argIsa #$argN 3 #$CycLFormula) (#$argIsa #$argN 3 #$CycLFormula) (#$argIsa #$argN 1 #$CycLTerm) (#$argIsa #$argN 1 #$CycLTerm) (#$argIsa #$argN 2 #$NonNegativeInteger) (#$argIsa #$argN 2 #$NonNegativeInteger) (#$arity #$argN 3) (#$comment #$argN "A predicate that relates a CycL term and an integer (representing an argument-position) to a CycL formula in which the term appears (in that position). (#$argN TERM N FORMULA) means that TERM occurs in the Nth argument-position within FORMULA. For example, the sentence `(#$argN #$Dog 2 (#$genls #$Dog #$Mammal))' holds. Note that #$argN's first and third argument-places are both \"quoted\" (see #$quotedArgument); thus in the context of the above #$argN sentence the constituent term `#$Dog' denotes _itself_ (rather than the collection of dogs), and similarly for the constituent #$genls sentence.") (#$functionalInArgs #$argN 1) (#$isa #$argN #$FunctionalPredicate) (#$isa #$argN #$TernaryPredicate) (#$quotedArgument #$argN 1) (#$quotedArgument #$argN 3) (#$completeExtentKnown #$argN) (#$arg1Format #$argsGenl #$SetTheFormat) (#$arg1Isa #$argsGenl #$Relation) (#$arg2Format #$argsGenl #$SetTheFormat) (#$arg2Genl #$argsGenl #$Thing) (#$arg2Isa #$argsGenl #$Collection) (#$argFormat #$argsGenl 1 #$SetTheFormat) (#$argFormat #$argsGenl 2 #$SetTheFormat) (#$argGenl #$argsGenl 2 #$Thing) (#$argGenl #$argsGenl 2 #$Thing) (#$argIsa #$argsGenl 2 #$Collection) (#$argIsa #$argsGenl 2 #$Collection) (#$argIsa #$argsGenl 1 #$Relation) (#$argIsa #$argsGenl 1 #$Relation) (#$arity #$argsGenl 2) (#$comment #$argsGenl "A binary #$ArgGenlPredicate (q.v.) that is used to put a specified #$genls based argument-type constraint on all of a given relation's argument-places at once. (#$argsGenl RELN COL) means that semantic well-formedness requires that each argument to which RELN is applied (regardless of argument-place) be an subcollection of COL. For example, `(#$argsGenl #$PerformSimultaneouslyFn #$Event)' means that the function #$PerformSimultaneouslyFn must only be applied to types of events. #$argsGenl is particularly useful for constraining (any and all of) the arguments to a #$VariableArityRelation (the preceding example being a case in point); though #$argsGenl may be applied to fixed-arity relations as well. For an explanation of semantic well-formedness, see #$CycLExpression-Assertible and its immediate specializations. See also #$argsIsa.") (#$constrainsArg #$argsGenl 0) (#$isa #$argsGenl #$ArgGenlBinaryPredicate) (#$isa #$argsGenl #$CoreConstant) (#$isa #$argsGenl #$DefaultMonotonicPredicate) (#$isa #$argsGenl #$IntangibleObjectRelatingPredicate) (#$isa #$argsGenl #$OpenCycDefinitionalPredicate) (#$transitiveViaArg #$argsGenl #$genls 2) (#$comment (#$argsIsa #$differentSymbols #$CycLExpression) "Although #$differentSymbols is technically a generalization of #$different (see the #$comment meta-assertion on that #$genls assertion), it nevertheless has a _narrower_ #$argsIsa constraint than #$different. This is the case because, while the latter relation holds among things of any sort whatsoever, #$differentSymbols, with its argument-places all being #$quotedArguments (q.v.), should be viewed as holding only among CycL expressions.") (#$arg1Format #$argsIsa #$SetTheFormat) (#$arg1Isa #$argsIsa #$Relation) (#$arg2Format #$argsIsa #$SetTheFormat) (#$arg2Genl #$argsIsa #$Thing) (#$arg2Isa #$argsIsa #$Collection) (#$argFormat #$argsIsa 1 #$SetTheFormat) (#$argFormat #$argsIsa 2 #$SetTheFormat) (#$argGenl #$argsIsa 2 #$Thing) (#$argGenl #$argsIsa 2 #$Thing) (#$argIsa #$argsIsa 2 #$Collection) (#$argIsa #$argsIsa 2 #$Collection) (#$argIsa #$argsIsa 1 #$Relation) (#$argIsa #$argsIsa 1 #$Relation) (#$arity #$argsIsa 2) (#$comment #$argsIsa "A binary #$ArgIsaPredicate (q.v.) that is used to put a specified #$isa based argument-type constraint on all of a given relation's argument-places at once. (#$argsIsa RELN COL) means that semantic well-formedness requires that each argument to which RELN is applied (regardless of argument-place) be an instance of COL. For example, `(#$argsIsa #$PlusFn #$ScalarInterval)' means that the function #$PlusFn must only be applied to scalar intervals. #$argsIsa is particularly useful for constraining (any and all of) the arguments to a #$VariableArityRelation (the preceding example being a case in point); though #$argsIsa may be applied to fixed-arity relations as well. For an explanation of semantic well-formedness, see #$CycLExpression-Assertible and its immediate specializations. See also #$argsGenl.") (#$constrainsArg #$argsIsa 0) (#$isa #$argsIsa #$ArgIsaBinaryPredicate) (#$isa #$argsIsa #$CoreConstant) (#$isa #$argsIsa #$DefaultMonotonicPredicate) (#$isa #$argsIsa #$IntangibleObjectRelatingPredicate) (#$isa #$argsIsa #$OpenCycDefinitionalPredicate) (#$relationAllInstance #$argsIsa #$UnitOfMeasure #$SubLRealNumber) (#$transitiveViaArg #$argsIsa #$genls 2) (#$comment #$ArgTypeBinaryPredicate "Those instances of both #$BinaryPredicate and #$ArgTypePredicate used to specify the required #$isa or #$genls or #$genlAttributes of an argument of a #$Relation; the arg1 is the #$Relation; the arg2 is the required type, a #$Collection or #$AttributeValue.") (#$genls #$ArgTypeBinaryPredicate #$ArgTypePredicate) (#$genls #$ArgTypeBinaryPredicate #$ArgTypePredicate) (#$genls #$ArgTypeBinaryPredicate #$BinaryPredicate) (#$genls #$ArgTypeBinaryPredicate #$BinaryPredicate) (#$genls #$ArgTypeBinaryPredicate #$Predicate) (#$isa #$ArgTypeBinaryPredicate #$AtemporalNecessarilyEssentialCollectionType) (#$isa #$ArgTypeBinaryPredicate #$Collection) (#$isa #$ArgTypeBinaryPredicate #$CoreConstant) (#$isa #$ArgTypeBinaryPredicate #$PredicateCategory) (#$comment #$ArgTypePredicate "The collection of #$ArgConstraintPredicates used to put semantic well-formedness constraints on the type of argument(s) appropriate for a given argument-place (or -places) of a given relation. A \"type\" of argument can be specified in terms of #$isa or #$genls or #$genlAttributes; see the various specializations of #$ArgTypePredicate for more detail. Violation of such a constraint results in an expression that is semantically malformed. For an general explanation of semantic well-formedness, see #$CycLExpression-Assertible and its specializations.") (#$genls #$ArgTypePredicate #$ArgConstraintPredicate) (#$genls #$ArgTypePredicate #$ArgConstraintPredicate) (#$genls #$ArgTypePredicate #$DefinitionalPredicate) (#$isa #$ArgTypePredicate #$AtemporalNecessarilyEssentialCollectionType) (#$isa #$ArgTypePredicate #$Collection) (#$isa #$ArgTypePredicate #$CoreConstant) (#$isa #$ArgTypePredicate #$PredicateCategory) (#$comment #$ArgTypeTernaryPredicate "Those instances of both #$TernaryPredicate and #$ArgTypePredicate used to specify the required #$isa or #$genls or #$genlAttributes of an argument of a #$Relation; the arg1 is the Relation; the arg2 is the argument constrained; the arg3 is the required type: a #$Collection or an #$AttributeValue.") (#$genls #$ArgTypeTernaryPredicate #$ArgTypePredicate) (#$genls #$ArgTypeTernaryPredicate #$ArgTypePredicate) (#$genls #$ArgTypeTernaryPredicate #$TernaryPredicate) (#$genls #$ArgTypeTernaryPredicate #$TernaryPredicate) (#$isa #$ArgTypeTernaryPredicate #$AtemporalNecessarilyEssentialCollectionType) (#$isa #$ArgTypeTernaryPredicate #$Collection) (#$isa #$ArgTypeTernaryPredicate #$CoreConstant) (#$isa #$ArgTypeTernaryPredicate #$PredicateCategory) (#$arg1Format #$arity #$SetTheFormat) (#$arg1Isa #$arity #$FixedArityRelation) (#$arg2Format #$arity #$intervalEntryFormatInArgs) (#$arg2Format #$arity #$SingleEntry) (#$arg2Isa #$arity #$NonNegativeInteger) (#$arg2Isa #$arity #$SubLNonNegativeInteger) (#$arg2Isa #$arity #$SubLNonNegativeInteger) (#$argFormat #$arity 2 #$intervalEntryFormatInArgs) (#$argFormat #$arity 1 #$SetTheFormat) (#$argFormat #$arity 2 #$SingleEntry) (#$argIsa #$arity 1 #$FixedArityRelation) (#$argIsa #$arity 1 #$FixedArityRelation) (#$argIsa #$arity 1 #$FixedArityRelation) (#$argIsa #$arity 2 #$NonNegativeInteger) (#$argIsa #$arity 2 #$NonNegativeInteger) (#$argIsa #$arity 2 #$NonNegativeInteger) (#$argIsa #$arity 2 #$SubLNonNegativeInteger) (#$argIsa #$arity 2 #$SubLNonNegativeInteger) (#$argIsa #$arity 2 #$SubLNonNegativeInteger) (#$arity #$arity 2) (#$arity #$arity 2) (#$comment #$arity "A #$MetaRelation used for stating that a given relation takes a specified number of arguments. (#$arity RELN N) means that that semantic well-formedness requires that RELN take exactly N arguments at a time. That is, a formula (RELN ARG1 ... ARGM) is semantically well-formed only if M = N. For example, the #$arity of any instance of #$BinaryPredicate is 2. Note that full semantic well-formedness requires obeying argument-type constraints (see #$ArgTypePredicate) as well as arity constraints. For a general explanation of semantic well-formedness, see #$CycLExpression-Assertible. See also #$CycLExpression-Askable.") (#$interArgIsa1-2 #$arity #$Predicate #$PositiveInteger) (#$isa #$arity #$BinaryPredicate) (#$isa #$arity #$DefaultMonotonicPredicate) (#$isa #$arity #$DefinitionalPredicate) (#$isa #$arity #$IntangibleObjectRelatingPredicate) (#$isa #$arity #$LogicalTruthConstant) (#$isa #$arity #$MetaRelation) (#$isa #$arity #$OpenCycDefinitionalPredicate) (#$isa #$arity #$Predicate) (#$isa #$arity #$StrictlyFunctionalSlot) (#$relationAllExists #$arity #$FixedArityRelation #$NonNegativeInteger) (#$relationAllInstance #$arity #$UnaryRelation 1) (#$relationAllInstance #$arity #$BinaryRelation 2) (#$relationAllInstance #$arity #$TernaryRelation 3) (#$relationAllInstance #$arity #$QuaternaryRelation 4) (#$relationAllInstance #$arity #$QuintaryRelation 5) (#$strictlyFunctionalInArgs #$arity 2) (#$arg1Format #$arityMax #$SetTheFormat) (#$arg1Isa #$arityMax #$VariableArityRelation) (#$arg2Format #$arityMax #$SingleEntry) (#$arg2Isa #$arityMax #$NonNegativeInteger) (#$argFormat #$arityMax 1 #$SetTheFormat) (#$argFormat #$arityMax 2 #$SingleEntry) (#$argIsa #$arityMax 2 #$NonNegativeInteger) (#$argIsa #$arityMax 2 #$NonNegativeInteger) (#$argIsa #$arityMax 1 #$VariableArityRelation) (#$argIsa #$arityMax 1 #$VariableArityRelation) (#$arity #$arityMax 2) (#$comment #$arityMax "A #$MetaRelation for specifying the maximum number of arguments a given #$VariableArityRelation can take if the resulting formula is to be semantically well-formed. (#$arityMax RELN N) means that semantic well-formedness requires that RELN take at most N arguments at a time. More precisely: a formula (RELN ARG1..ARGM) is semantically well-formed only if M is less than or equal to N. For example, the maximum-arity of any instance of #$UnitOfMeasure is 2. Note that full semantic well-formedness requires obeying argument-type constraints (see #$ArgTypePredicate) as well as arity constraints. For a general explanation of semantic well-formedness, see #$CycLExpression-Assertible. See also #$arityMin and #$arity.") (#$isa #$arityMax #$CoreConstant) (#$isa #$arityMax #$DefaultMonotonicPredicate) (#$isa #$arityMax #$DefinitionalPredicate) (#$isa #$arityMax #$IntangibleObjectRelatingPredicate) (#$isa #$arityMax #$MetaRelation) (#$isa #$arityMax #$OpenCycDefinitionalPredicate) (#$isa #$arityMax #$StrictlyFunctionalSlot) (#$relationAllInstance #$arityMax #$UnitOfMeasure 2) (#$strictlyFunctionalInArgs #$arityMax 2) (#$arg1Format #$arityMin #$SetTheFormat) (#$arg1Isa #$arityMin #$VariableArityRelation) (#$arg2Format #$arityMin #$SingleEntry) (#$arg2Isa #$arityMin #$NonNegativeInteger) (#$argFormat #$arityMin 1 #$SetTheFormat) (#$argFormat #$arityMin 2 #$SingleEntry) (#$argIsa #$arityMin 2 #$NonNegativeInteger) (#$argIsa #$arityMin 2 #$NonNegativeInteger) (#$argIsa #$arityMin 1 #$VariableArityRelation) (#$argIsa #$arityMin 1 #$VariableArityRelation) (#$arity #$arityMin 2) (#$comment #$arityMin "A #$MetaRelation for specifying the minimum number of arguments a given #$VariableArityRelation must take if the resulting formula is to be semantically well-formed. (#$arityMin RELN N) means that semantic well-formedness requires that RELN take at least N arguments at a time. More precisely: a formula (RELN ARG1..ARGM) is semantically well-formed only if M is greater than or equal to N. For example, the minimum-arity of any instance of #$UnitOfMeasure is 1. Note that full semantic well-formedness requires obeying argument-type constraints (see #$ArgTypePredicate) as well as arity constraints. For a general explanation of semantic well-formedness, see #$CycLExpression-Assertible. See also #$arityMax and #$arity.") (#$isa #$arityMin #$CoreConstant) (#$isa #$arityMin #$DefaultMonotonicPredicate) (#$isa #$arityMin #$IntangibleObjectRelatingPredicate) (#$isa #$arityMin #$MetaRelation) (#$isa #$arityMin #$OpenCycDefinitionalPredicate) (#$isa #$arityMin #$StrictlyFunctionalSlot) (#$relationAllInstance #$arityMin #$UnitOfMeasure 1) (#$strictlyFunctionalInArgs #$arityMin 2) (#$genls (#$ArityRelationFn 1) #$FixedArityRelation) (#$genls (#$ArityRelationFn 2) #$FixedArityRelation) (#$genls (#$ArityRelationFn 3) #$FixedArityRelation) (#$genls (#$ArityRelationFn 4) #$FixedArityRelation) (#$genls (#$ArityRelationFn 5) #$FixedArityRelation) (#$isa (#$ArityRelationFn 1) #$RelationshipType) (#$isa (#$ArityRelationFn 2) #$RelationshipType) (#$isa (#$ArityRelationFn 3) #$RelationshipType) (#$isa (#$ArityRelationFn 4) #$RelationshipType) (#$isa (#$ArityRelationFn 5) #$RelationshipType) (#$isa (#$ArityRelationFn 1) #$RelationshipTypeByArity) (#$isa (#$ArityRelationFn 2) #$RelationshipTypeByArity) (#$isa (#$ArityRelationFn 3) #$RelationshipTypeByArity) (#$isa (#$ArityRelationFn 4) #$RelationshipTypeByArity) (#$isa (#$ArityRelationFn 5) #$RelationshipTypeByArity) (#$arg1Isa #$ArityRelationFn #$NonNegativeInteger) (#$argIsa #$ArityRelationFn 1 #$NonNegativeInteger) (#$argIsa #$ArityRelationFn 1 #$NonNegativeInteger) (#$arity #$ArityRelationFn 1) (#$comment #$ArityRelationFn "#$ArityRelationFn is a function that denotes the collection of relations of a given arity (c.f. #$arity). For example, (#$ArityRelationFn 7) denotes the collection of all 7-ary relations. #$BinaryRelation is equivalent to (#$ArityRelationFn 2).") (#$isa #$ArityRelationFn #$CollectionDenotingFunction) (#$isa #$ArityRelationFn #$CollectionDenotingFunction) (#$isa #$ArityRelationFn #$ReifiableFunction) (#$isa #$ArityRelationFn #$UnaryFunction) (#$resultGenl #$ArityRelationFn #$FixedArityRelation) (#$resultGenl #$ArityRelationFn #$FixedArityRelation) (#$resultIsa #$ArityRelationFn #$RelationshipType) (#$resultIsa #$ArityRelationFn #$RelationshipTypeByArity) (#$comment #$Arm "The collection of all animal arms. An #$Arm of an animal is one of its #$AnimalBodyParts, more particularly one of its appendages, a limb which it uses for manipulation moreso than for locomotion. A #$Hand is considered part of an #$Arm.") (#$genls #$Arm #$HolderGripper) (#$genls #$Arm #$Individual) (#$genls #$Arm #$Limb-AnimalBodyPart) (#$genls #$Arm #$Limb-AnimalBodyPart) (#$isa #$Arm #$SymmetricAnatomicalPartType) (#$isa #$Arm #$SymmetricAnatomicalPartType) (#$comment #$ArmMovement "A specialization of #$BodyMovementEvent. Each instance of #$ArmMovement is a movement of an animal's arm, where the movement in question is generated by the animal, and involves movement of the upper arm or elbow in relation to the animal's body. Specializations of #$ArmMovement include #$RaisingAnArm and #$Reaching.") (#$genls #$ArmMovement #$BodyMovementEvent) (#$genls #$ArmMovement #$Individual) (#$isa #$ArmMovement #$DefaultDisjointScriptType) (#$isa #$ArmMovement #$TemporalStuffType) (#$siblingDisjointExceptions #$ArmMovement #$VoluntaryBodyMovement) (#$comment #$ArmoredVehicle "#$ArmoredVehicle is a specialization of #$TransportationDevice-Vehicle and #$LandTransportationDevice. Each instance of #$ArmoredVehicle is a land vehicle protected by armor. This collection includes both tracked and wheeled vehicles.") (#$disjointWith #$ArmoredVehicle #$GolfCart) (#$genls #$ArmoredVehicle #$Individual) (#$genls #$ArmoredVehicle #$LandTransportationDevice) (#$genls #$ArmoredVehicle #$TransportationDevice-Vehicle) (#$isa #$ArmoredVehicle #$ExistingObjectType) (#$comment #$ArmoredVehicle-Heavy "#$ArmoredVehicle-Heavy is a specialization of #$ArmoredVehicle and #$MilitaryVehicle. Each instance of #$ArmoredVehicle-Heavy is designed to sustain tank, artillery, and small-arm fire while engaging in combat. The light-armored vehicles, on the other hand, only sustain small-arm fire and shrapnel. This collection is disjoint with #$ArmoredVehicle-Light.") (#$genls #$ArmoredVehicle-Heavy #$ArmoredVehicle) (#$genls #$ArmoredVehicle-Heavy #$Individual) (#$genls #$ArmoredVehicle-Heavy #$MilitaryVehicle) (#$isa #$ArmoredVehicle-Heavy #$ExistingObjectType) (#$comment #$Army-BranchOfService "The collection of all modern nation-states' armies (i.e. the whole branch of service). This sense of `army' is different from that of `Army' or `Army Group' as sometimes applied to certain military units, e.g. the American 5th Army in the European Theater in WWII. Use #$Army-UnitDesignation for the latter meaning.") (#$disjointWith #$Army-BranchOfService #$AirForce) (#$genls #$Army-BranchOfService #$BranchOfMilitaryService) (#$genls #$Army-BranchOfService #$Individual) (#$isa #$Army-BranchOfService #$ExistingObjectType) (#$comment #$ArmyPersonnel "A specialization of #$MilitaryPerson. Each instance of #$ArmyPersonnel is a person who is a member of some instance of #$Army-BranchOfService.") (#$genls #$ArmyPersonnel #$Individual) (#$genls #$ArmyPersonnel #$Soldier) (#$isa #$ArmyPersonnel #$PersonTypeByOccupation) (#$comment #$ArrangementOfLikeObjects "A collection of groups of #$PartiallyTangibles. Each instance of #$ArrangementOfLikeObjects is a group of partially tangible objects, all of the same type (see #$arrangementObjectTypes and #$arrangementNearestObjectTypes), having a specified set of spatial relations holding among them (see #$arrangementPredicates and #$arrangementNearestPredicates). See also #$Group.") (#$genls #$ArrangementOfLikeObjects #$Individual) (#$genls #$ArrangementOfLikeObjects (#$GroupFn #$PartiallyTangible)) (#$isa #$ArrangementOfLikeObjects #$ObjectType) (#$comment #$ArrangingForSomething "A specialization of #$PurposefulAction. Each instance of #$ArrangingForSomething is an event in which some action or set of actions is arranged or facilitated. Note that events in which objects are arranged (e.g., instances of #$FlowerArranging) _not_ usually instances of #$ArrangingForSomething.") (#$genls #$ArrangingForSomething #$Individual) (#$genls #$ArrangingForSomething #$PurposefulAction) (#$isa #$ArrangingForSomething #$DefaultDisjointScriptType) (#$isa #$ArrangingForSomething #$TemporalObjectType) (#$comment #$Array-DataStructure "A specialization of #$ComputerDataStructure. Each instance of #$Array-DataStructure arranges a group of data elements in a continuous block of memory. Individual elements are accessed by index using integers.") (#$genls #$Array-DataStructure #$ComputerDataStructure) (#$genls #$Array-DataStructure #$Individual) (#$isa #$Array-DataStructure #$ObjectType) (#$arg1Isa #$ArrayReferenceFn #$SoftwareParameter) (#$arg1Isa #$ArrayReferenceFn #$SoftwareParameter) (#$arg2Isa #$ArrayReferenceFn #$NonNegativeInteger) (#$arg2Isa #$ArrayReferenceFn #$NonNegativeInteger) (#$argIsa #$ArrayReferenceFn 2 #$NonNegativeInteger) (#$argIsa #$ArrayReferenceFn 2 #$NonNegativeInteger) (#$argIsa #$ArrayReferenceFn 2 #$NonNegativeInteger) (#$argIsa #$ArrayReferenceFn 1 #$SoftwareParameter) (#$argIsa #$ArrayReferenceFn 1 #$SoftwareParameter) (#$argIsa #$ArrayReferenceFn 1 #$SoftwareParameter) (#$arity #$ArrayReferenceFn 2) (#$comment #$ArrayReferenceFn "(#$ArrayReferenceFn ARRAY N) denotes the real world object that is represented at position N of ARRAY, in the context of the current state of the contextually determined #$ComputerProcessRunning. If ARRAY has elements have a real numbered-valued data type, then (#$ArrayReferenceFn ARRAY N) will denote some instance of #$RealNumber. This mapping of a parameter to its real world value is defined by the intentions of the program itself. ") (#$isa #$ArrayReferenceFn #$BinaryFunction) (#$isa #$ArrayReferenceFn #$Function-Denotational) (#$resultIsa #$ArrayReferenceFn #$Thing) (#$resultIsa #$ArrayReferenceFn #$Thing) (#$comment #$ArrestingSomeone "A specialization of #$SocialOccurrence and #$CapturingAnimal. In each instance of #$ArrestingSomeone, a law enforcement officer arrests another person, who is then taken into custody (see the related constant #$HeldCaptive).") (#$genls #$ArrestingSomeone #$CapturingAnimal) (#$genls #$ArrestingSomeone #$Event-Organized) (#$genls #$ArrestingSomeone #$Individual) (#$genls #$ArrestingSomeone #$SocialOccurrence) (#$isa #$ArrestingSomeone #$TemporalObjectType) (#$comment #$Arthropod "A #$BiologicalPhylum and a specialization of #$Invertebrate. Each instance of #$Arthropod is a member of a species whose members are typically chitin-armored invertebrates with jointed bodies and limbs. Specializations include #$Insect, #$Crustacean, and #$Arachnid.") (#$genls #$Arthropod #$Animal) (#$genls #$Arthropod #$Animal) (#$genls #$Arthropod #$Individual) (#$genls #$Arthropod #$Invertebrate) (#$genls #$Arthropod #$MulticellularOrganism) (#$isa #$Arthropod #$BiologicalPhylum) (#$isa #$Arthropod #$ExistingObjectType) (#$isa #$Arthropod #$OrganismClassificationType) (#$comment #$Artifact "A specialization of #$InanimateThing. Each instance of #$Artifact is an at least partially tangible thing which was intentionally created by an #$Agent (or a group of #$Agents working together) to serve some purpose or perform some function. In order to create an instance of #$Artifact, it is not necessary that an #$Agent create the matter out of which the #$Artifact is composed; rather, an #$Agent can create an instance of #$Artifact by assembling or modifying existing matter. Examples of #$Artifacts include a wooden flute that's been whittled from a tree branch, a sawhorse that's been put together out of boards and nails, and a coin that's been minted by embossing or by melting liquid silver into a mold. In addition to the obvious human artifacts (buildings, tools, textiles, power lines), the collection #$Artifact also includes certain sorts of things made by #$Animals, such as bird nests, termite mounds, and beaver dams. Artifacts without any tangible parts are excluded from the collection #$Artifact; they are included in the collection #$Artifact-Intangible.") (#$disjointWith #$Artifact #$GeoculturalRegion) (#$genls #$Artifact #$Artifact-Generic) (#$genls #$Artifact #$InanimateThing-NonNatural) (#$genls #$Artifact #$Individual) (#$isa #$Artifact #$ObjectType) (#$comment #$Artifact-Generic "A collection of things created by #$Agents. These creations may be either tangible (like a hammer, a bowl, or a bridge) or intangible (like a set of laws, a #$KnowledgeBase, or Beethoven's Ninth Symphony). Thus, the collection of #$Artifact-Generics is partitioned into #$Artifact and #$Artifact-Intangible (q.v.).") (#$genls #$Artifact-Generic #$Individual) (#$genls #$Artifact-Generic #$TemporalThing) (#$genls #$Artifact-Generic #$TemporalThing) (#$isa #$Artifact-Generic #$ObjectType) (#$partitionedInto #$Artifact-Generic (#$ThePartition #$Artifact #$Artifact-Intangible)) (#$partitionedInto #$Artifact-Generic (#$ThePartition #$Artifact-NonAgentive #$AgentiveArtifact)) (#$comment #$ArtifactGMt "This #$TheoryMicrotheory is used for the axiomatization of #$Artifact-Generic. This is the most general microtheory that discusses this topic.") (#$genlMt #$ArtifactGMt #$ArtifactGVocabularyMt) (#$genlMt #$ArtifactGMt #$BaseKB) (#$genlMt #$ArtifactGMt #$NaivePhysicsMt) (#$isa #$ArtifactGMt #$GeneralMicrotheory) (#$isa #$ArtifactGMt #$TheoryMicrotheory) (#$comment #$ArtifactGVocabularyMt "The #$VocabularyMicrotheory for #$ArtifactGMt.") (#$genlMt #$ArtifactGVocabularyMt #$BaseKB) (#$genlMt #$ArtifactGVocabularyMt #$NaivePhysicsVocabularyMt) (#$isa #$ArtifactGVocabularyMt #$VocabularyMicrotheory) (#$arg1Format #$artifactHonors #$SetTheFormat) (#$arg1Isa #$artifactHonors #$Artifact) (#$arg1Isa #$artifactHonors #$Artifact) (#$arg1Isa #$artifactHonors #$SymbolicThing) (#$arg1Isa #$artifactHonors #$SymbolicThing) (#$arg2Format #$artifactHonors #$SetTheFormat) (#$arg2Isa #$artifactHonors #$TemporalThing) (#$arg2Isa #$artifactHonors #$TemporalThing) (#$argFormat #$artifactHonors 1 #$SetTheFormat) (#$argFormat #$artifactHonors 2 #$SetTheFormat) (#$argIsa #$artifactHonors 1 #$Artifact) (#$argIsa #$artifactHonors 1 #$Artifact) (#$argIsa #$artifactHonors 1 #$Artifact) (#$argIsa #$artifactHonors 1 #$SymbolicThing) (#$argIsa #$artifactHonors 1 #$SymbolicThing) (#$argIsa #$artifactHonors 1 #$SymbolicThing) (#$argIsa #$artifactHonors 2 #$TemporalThing) (#$argIsa #$artifactHonors 2 #$TemporalThing) (#$argIsa #$artifactHonors 2 #$TemporalThing) (#$arity #$artifactHonors 2) (#$comment #$artifactHonors "A binary predicate which relates instances of #$Artifact and #$SymbolicThing to instances of #$TemporalThing, and a specialization of #$honorsThing. (#$artifactHonors ARTIFACT HONOREE) means that ARTIFACT is created or constructed to honor or commemorate HONOREE, and to cause people who perceive ARTIFACT to remember and respect HONOREE. HONOREE can be a #$Person, a group of people, a pet, an event (such as a battle won) or another physical object (even a body part, in the case of the statue at Saratoga honoring Gen. Benedict Arnold's untainted leg). For cases where ARTIFACT is an instance of #$MemorialMarker and HONOREE is an #$Agent, see the more specific predicate #$monumentHonors.") (#$genlPreds #$artifactHonors #$honorsThing) (#$genlPreds #$artifactHonors #$honorsThing) (#$genlPreds #$artifactHonors #$startsAfterStartingOf) (#$genlPreds #$artifactHonors #$symbolizes) (#$isa #$artifactHonors #$AsymmetricBinaryPredicate) (#$negationInverse #$artifactHonors #$artifactHonors) (#$comment #$Artifact-Intangible "A specialization of both #$IntangibleIndividual and #$Artifact-Generic. Each instance of #$Artifact-Intangible is an intangible thing intentionally created by an agent or agents. Important specializations of #$Artifact-Intangible include #$ComputerLanguage, #$ConceptualWork, and #$Agreement.") (#$genls #$Artifact-Intangible #$Artifact-Generic) (#$genls #$Artifact-Intangible #$Artifact-NonAgentive) (#$genls #$Artifact-Intangible #$Individual) (#$genls #$Artifact-Intangible #$IntangibleIndividual) (#$isa #$Artifact-Intangible #$FirstOrderCollection) (#$comment #$Artifact-NonAgentive "#$Artifact-NonAgentive is the collection of all artifacts that in no plausible, literal sense may be considered to have a kind of agency in ordinary, non-fictional, straightforward contexts -- i.e. they are not instances of #$Agent-Generic. (Exceptions within metaphorical, fanciful, or fictional context could supersede membership in this collection: when someone says, \"My hairdryer hates me\", the hairdryer would not be an instance of #$Artifact-NonAgentive in that special context.) Example subcollections: #$Balloon, #$CookedFood, and #$Shaft. #$AgentiveArtifacts like #$Robots are excluded.") (#$disjointWith #$Artifact-NonAgentive #$Agent-Generic) (#$genls #$Artifact-NonAgentive #$Artifact-Generic) (#$genls #$Artifact-NonAgentive #$Individual) (#$isa #$Artifact-NonAgentive #$ObjectType) (#$comment #$ArtificialMaterial "A collection of substances; a subcollection of #$Artifact. An instance of #$ArtificialMaterial is a portion of artificial stuff that was intentionally made by some agent(s), such as #$Plastic or #$SweetNLow. Since #$ArtificialMaterials are intentionally produced, this class does not normally include materials which are merely #$byProducts or #$wasteProducts of an intentional process. However, what is a by-product at one time or in one context may be a useful material that would count as an instance of #$ArtificialMaterial in another.") (#$genls #$ArtificialMaterial #$Artifact) (#$genls #$ArtificialMaterial #$Artifact-NonAgentive) (#$genls #$ArtificialMaterial #$Individual) (#$isa #$ArtificialMaterial #$ExistingStuffType) (#$comment #$Artist "A specialization of #$Person. Each instance of this collection is a person who produces or performs works of art. This includes performing artists (whose works are transitory unless recorded) as well as visual artists, literary writers, and composers (whose works are intended to last for a significant length of time and be viewed or otherwise appreciated after the artist finishes them). A notable specialization of this collection is #$Artist-Visual. See also #$ArtObject, #$artisticWorksCreated.") (#$genls #$Artist #$EntertainmentOrArtsProfessional) (#$genls #$Artist #$Individual) (#$genls #$Artist #$Person) (#$isa #$Artist #$PersonTypeByActivity) (#$isa #$Artist #$PersonTypeByActivity) (#$arg1Isa #$artisticWorksCreated #$Artist) (#$arg1Isa #$artisticWorksCreated #$Artist) (#$arg2Format #$artisticWorksCreated #$SetTheFormat) (#$arg2Isa #$artisticWorksCreated #$ArtObject) (#$arg2Isa #$artisticWorksCreated #$ArtObject) (#$argFormat #$artisticWorksCreated 2 #$SetTheFormat) (#$argIsa #$artisticWorksCreated 1 #$Artist) (#$argIsa #$artisticWorksCreated 1 #$Artist) (#$argIsa #$artisticWorksCreated 1 #$Artist) (#$argIsa #$artisticWorksCreated 2 #$ArtObject) (#$argIsa #$artisticWorksCreated 2 #$ArtObject) (#$argIsa #$artisticWorksCreated 2 #$ArtObject) (#$arity #$artisticWorksCreated 2) (#$comment #$artisticWorksCreated "A binary predicate that relates instances of #$Artist to instances of #$ArtObject. (#$artisticWorksCreated AGT ART) means that AGT created ART.") (#$genlInverse #$artisticWorksCreated #$conceptuallyRelated) (#$genlInverse #$artisticWorksCreated #$createdBy) (#$genlInverse #$artisticWorksCreated #$startsAfterStartingOf) (#$genlPreds #$artisticWorksCreated #$awareOf) (#$isa #$artisticWorksCreated #$InterActorSlot) (#$isa #$artisticWorksCreated #$InterExistingObjectPredicate) (#$relationAllExists #$artisticWorksCreated #$Artist #$ArtObject) (#$comment #$ArtObject "A specialization of both #$HumanAccessibleIBO and #$Artifact. Each instance of #$ArtObject is a physical object that is a work, or a reproduction of a work, in one of the representational or plastic arts, such as a painting, sculpture, quilt, or stained glass composition. #$ArtObject does not include as instances plays, movies, music, performance art, or other activities. #$ArtObject is a specialization of #$InformationBearingObject, but its instances need not have any propositional content. Examples of #$ArtObject include the #$StatueOfLiberty, the Mona Lisa, a poster reproduction of Van Gogh's `Starry Night', Rodin's `Burghers of Calais', a piece of Ju ware from the Sung Dynasty, the windows of Chartres Cathedral. See also #$Artist, #$artisticWorksCreated.") (#$disjointWith #$ArtObject #$ComputationalSystem) (#$disjointWith #$ArtObject #$DefenseSystem) (#$disjointWith #$ArtObject #$Form-StandardizedIBO) (#$genls #$ArtObject #$Artifact) (#$genls #$ArtObject #$CompositeTangibleAndIntangibleObject) (#$genls #$ArtObject #$HumanAccessibleIBO) (#$genls #$ArtObject #$Individual) (#$genls #$ArtObject #$PartiallyTangible) (#$genls #$ArtObject #$PartiallyTangibleProduct) (#$genls #$ArtObject #$TopAndBottomSidedObject) (#$genls #$ArtObject #$VisualInformationBearingThing) (#$isa #$ArtObject #$ExistingObjectType) (#$isa #$ArtObject #$ProductByGenericType) (#$arg1Isa #$assertAnAssertionInCyc #$IntelligentAgent) (#$arg1Isa #$assertAnAssertionInCyc #$IntelligentAgent) (#$arg2Isa #$assertAnAssertionInCyc #$ELSentence-Assertible) (#$arg2Isa #$assertAnAssertionInCyc #$ELSentence-Assertible) (#$argIsa #$assertAnAssertionInCyc 2 #$ELSentence-Assertible) (#$argIsa #$assertAnAssertionInCyc 1 #$IntelligentAgent) (#$arity #$assertAnAssertionInCyc 2) (#$comment #$assertAnAssertionInCyc "a instance of #$ActionPredicate. (#$assertAnAssertionInCyc AGT SENTENCE) means that the #$IntelligentAgent AGT asserts the #$Cyc assertion having EL form SENTENCE.") (#$isa #$assertAnAssertionInCyc #$ActionPredicate) (#$isa #$assertAnAssertionInCyc #$BinaryPredicate) (#$isa #$assertAnAssertionInCyc #$CognitiveCycFORT) (#$arg1Isa #$assertedArgCardinality #$Predicate) (#$arg2Isa #$assertedArgCardinality #$PositiveInteger) (#$arg3Isa #$assertedArgCardinality #$Cardinal-Mathematical) (#$argIsa #$assertedArgCardinality 3 #$Cardinal-Mathematical) (#$argIsa #$assertedArgCardinality 3 #$Cardinal-Mathematical) (#$argIsa #$assertedArgCardinality 2 #$PositiveInteger) (#$argIsa #$assertedArgCardinality 2 #$PositiveInteger) (#$argIsa #$assertedArgCardinality 1 #$Predicate) (#$argIsa #$assertedArgCardinality 1 #$Predicate) (#$arity #$assertedArgCardinality 3) (#$comment #$assertedArgCardinality "An #$ArgCardinalityPredicate (q.v.) that can be used to put a \"state-of-the-KB\" cardinality constraint on a predicate with respect to a given argument-place. Unlike with most argument-constraint predicates, a constraint imposed by #$assertedArgCardinality is not intended necessarily to reflect the intrinsic nature of the constrained predicate per se, but to limit the number of sentences built from (the CycL term for) the predicate that can coexist as assertions in the Cyc Knowledge Base. Thus a cardinality constraint imposed by #$assertedArgCardinality can be (and normally is) stricter than the appropriate analogous constraint imposed by #$argCardinality (q.v.). (#$assertedArgCardinality PRED N CARD) means that, at any given time, the KB should contain no more than CARD different assertions of the form (PRED ... ARGN(i) ...) that are all exactly alike except for the fact that they each have a different term ARGN(i) in their respective Nth argument-positions. See also #$argCardinality and #$interArgCardinality.") (#$isa #$assertedArgCardinality #$ArgCardinalityPredicate) (#$isa #$assertedArgCardinality #$DefaultMonotonicPredicate) (#$isa #$assertedArgCardinality #$MetaPredicate) (#$isa #$assertedArgCardinality #$TernaryPredicate) (#$comment #$AssertedBelief "An instance of #$JustificationAttribute which indicates that an assertion or group of assertions (mt contents) was purposely added to the Cyc knowledge base by some agent (as opposed to being inferred somehow by Cyc), and is to be treated as sound.") (#$isa #$AssertedBelief #$AttributeValue) (#$isa #$AssertedFalseDefault #$CoreImplementationConstant) (#$isa #$AssertedFalseMonotonic #$CoreImplementationConstant) (#$arg1Isa #$assertedPredicateArg #$Thing) (#$arg2Isa #$assertedPredicateArg #$NonNegativeInteger) (#$arg3Isa #$assertedPredicateArg #$Predicate) (#$argIsa #$assertedPredicateArg 2 #$NonNegativeInteger) (#$argIsa #$assertedPredicateArg 2 #$NonNegativeInteger) (#$argIsa #$assertedPredicateArg 3 #$Predicate) (#$argIsa #$assertedPredicateArg 3 #$Predicate) (#$argIsa #$assertedPredicateArg 1 #$Thing) (#$argIsa #$assertedPredicateArg 1 #$Thing) (#$arity #$assertedPredicateArg 3) (#$comment #$assertedPredicateArg "(#$assertedPredicateArg OBJ N PREDICATE) means that a ground atomic formula (or \"GAF\"; see #$CycLClosedAtomicSentence) whose initial (or \"0th\" argument-place) term denotes PREDICATE, and whose Nth argument-place term denotes OBJ, is asserted in the Cyc Knowledge Base. Note that this predicate is itself #$notAssertible (q.v.), since it must be computed from the state of the knowledge base.") (#$genlPreds #$assertedPredicateArg #$admittedArgument) (#$isa #$assertedPredicateArg #$CoreConstant) (#$isa #$assertedPredicateArg #$Relation) (#$isa #$assertedPredicateArg #$TernaryPredicate) (#$completeExtentKnown #$assertedPredicateArg) (#$arg1Isa #$assertedSentence #$ELSentence-Assertible) (#$argIsa #$assertedSentence 1 #$ELSentence-Assertible) (#$argIsa #$assertedSentence 1 #$ELSentence-Assertible) (#$arity #$assertedSentence 1) (#$comment #$assertedSentence "A #$KBDependentRelation (q.v.) and specialization of #$knownSentence (q.v.) that is used to state that a given #$ELSentence-Assertible has been asserted in the KB (in some accessible #$Microtheory). More exactly, (#$assertedSentence SENT) is true in microtheory MT precisely when SENT canonicalizes into a set of clauses of the same form as the canonicalized form of some assertion in a microtheory accessible to MT. (The predicate is thus true both of assertions entered into the KB by hand and assertions deduced by Cyc from forward rules.) For the more specific claim that SENT is asserted _in MT_, see the predicate #$ist-Asserted. This predicate enables Cyc to select a subset of information when answering queries, filtering out more generic (inferrable-but-not-asserted) information. Thus, for example, the query: (#$genls #$Dog #$Thing) will return #$True (in appropriate microtheories), whereas: (#$assertedSentence (#$genls #$Dog #$Thing)) will not.") (#$genlPreds #$assertedSentence #$knownSentence) (#$isa #$assertedSentence #$CoreConstant) (#$isa #$assertedSentence #$Relation) (#$isa #$assertedSentence #$UnaryPredicate) (#$quotedArgument #$assertedSentence 1) (#$completeExtentKnown #$assertedSentence) (#$arg1Isa #$assertedTermSentences #$CycLTerm) (#$arg2Isa #$assertedTermSentences #$ELSentence-Assertible) (#$argIsa #$assertedTermSentences 1 #$CycLTerm) (#$argIsa #$assertedTermSentences 1 #$CycLTerm) (#$argIsa #$assertedTermSentences 2 #$ELSentence-Assertible) (#$argIsa #$assertedTermSentences 2 #$ELSentence-Assertible) (#$arity #$assertedTermSentences 2) (#$comment #$assertedTermSentences "(#$assertedTermSentences THING SENTENCE) means that SENTENCE has been asserted to the Cyc Knowledge Base (and is thus a #$CycLAssertion) and that THING is mentioned in SENTENCE. More precisely, and assuming the #$assertedTermSentences formula contains no free variables (and is thus a \"ground atomic formula\" or \"GAF\"): the CycL term immediately following the constant `#$assertedTermSentences' in the formula occurs in SENTENCE. For example, (#$assertedTermSentences #$France (#$bordersOn #$France #$Germany)) holds. See also #$assertedSentence and #$assertedPredicateArg for related predicates about assertions; and see #$termFormulas for a more general predicate that does not entail that SENTENCE has been asserted.") (#$genlPreds #$assertedTermSentences #$termFormulas) (#$isa #$assertedTermSentences #$BinaryPredicate) (#$isa #$assertedTermSentences #$CoreConstant) (#$quotedArgument #$assertedTermSentences 1) (#$quotedArgument #$assertedTermSentences 2) (#$completeExtentKnown #$assertedTermSentences) (#$isa #$AssertedTrueDefault #$CoreImplementationConstant) (#$isa #$AssertedTrueMonotonic #$CoreImplementationConstant) (#$arg1Isa #$assertionDirection #$CycLAssertion) (#$arg2Format #$assertionDirection #$SingleEntry) (#$arg2Isa #$assertionDirection #$CycLAssertionDirection) (#$argFormat #$assertionDirection 2 #$SingleEntry) (#$argIsa #$assertionDirection 1 #$CycLAssertion) (#$argIsa #$assertionDirection 1 #$CycLAssertion) (#$argIsa #$assertionDirection 2 #$CycLAssertionDirection) (#$argIsa #$assertionDirection 2 #$CycLAssertionDirection) (#$arity #$assertionDirection 2) (#$comment #$assertionDirection "An #$AssertionDescriptorPredicate that is used to state that a given #$CycLAssertion has a certain inference \"direction\", which indicates something about how and when the assertion can be used in inferences by the Cyc system. (#$assertionDirection ASSERTION DIRECTION) means that ASSERTION has DIRECTION as its #$CycLAssertionDirection (q.v.). DIRECTION is normally #$Backward-AssertionDirection (q.v.) when ASSERTION is a rule and #$Forward-AssertionDirection (q.v.) when ASSERTION is a ground atomic formula (or \"GAF\"; see #$CycLClosedAtomicSentence). Note that a CycL sentence is given a direction at the time of its assertion to the Knowledge Base, and this fact _need_not_ in general be reflected in another, #$assertionDirection GAF's being asserted (as that would of course lead to an infinite regress).") (#$isa #$assertionDirection #$CoreImplementationConstant) (#$isa #$assertionDirection #$DefaultMonotonicPredicate) (#$isa #$assertionDirection #$MetaKnowledgePredicate) (#$isa #$assertionDirection #$StrictlyFunctionalSlot) (#$quotedArgument #$assertionDirection 1) (#$relationAllExists #$assertionDirection #$CycLAssertion #$CycLAssertionDirection) (#$relationAllInstance #$assertionDirection #$CycLRuleAssertion #$Backward-AssertionDirection) (#$relationAllInstance #$assertionDirection #$CycLGAFAssertion #$Forward-AssertionDirection) (#$sharedNotes #$assertionDirection #$MetaAssertionsForPolyCanonicalizingAssertions) (#$strictlyFunctionalInArgs #$assertionDirection 2) (#$completeExtentKnown #$assertionDirection) (#$arg1Format #$assertionID #$singleEntryFormatInArgs) (#$arg1Isa #$assertionID #$CycLAssertion) (#$arg2Format #$assertionID #$singleEntryFormatInArgs) (#$arg2Isa #$assertionID #$NonNegativeInteger) (#$argFormat #$assertionID 1 #$singleEntryFormatInArgs) (#$argFormat #$assertionID 2 #$singleEntryFormatInArgs) (#$argIsa #$assertionID 1 #$CycLAssertion) (#$argIsa #$assertionID 1 #$CycLAssertion) (#$argIsa #$assertionID 2 #$NonNegativeInteger) (#$argIsa #$assertionID 2 #$NonNegativeInteger) (#$arity #$assertionID 2) (#$comment #$assertionID "A predicate which relates each Cyc assertion to an internal identification number for it. This number is unique within any given image, though not necessarily across images. (#$assertionID ASSERTION ID) states that the #$NonNegativeInteger ID is the unique internal id for the #$CycLAssertion ASSERTION. For obvious reasons, this predicate is #$notAssertible.") (#$isa #$assertionID #$MetaKnowledgePredicate) (#$isa #$assertionID #$StrictlyFunctionalSlot) (#$relationAllExists #$assertionID #$CycLAssertion #$NonNegativeInteger) (#$sharedNotes #$assertionID #$MetaAssertionsForPolyCanonicalizingAssertions) (#$completeExtentKnown #$assertionID) (#$arg1Isa #$assertionJustificationAttribute #$CycLAssertion) (#$arg2Isa #$assertionJustificationAttribute #$AttributeValue) (#$argIsa #$assertionJustificationAttribute 2 #$AttributeValue) (#$argIsa #$assertionJustificationAttribute 1 #$CycLAssertion) (#$argIsa #$assertionJustificationAttribute 1 #$CycLAssertion) (#$arity #$assertionJustificationAttribute 2) (#$comment #$assertionJustificationAttribute "(#$assertionJustificationAttribute ASSERTION JUST) means that the #$CycLAssertion ASSERTION is supported by a justification having the #$JustificationAttribute JUST (for example, #$CausallySupported, #$JustifiedByAuthority).") (#$isa #$assertionJustificationAttribute #$BinaryPredicate) (#$isa #$assertionJustificationAttribute #$MetaKnowledgePredicate) (#$relationAllInstance #$assertionJustificationAttribute #$CycLAssertedAssertion #$AssertedBelief) (#$relationAllInstance #$assertionJustificationAttribute #$CycLDeducedAssertion #$SupportedByMaterialImplication) (#$sharedNotes #$assertionJustificationAttribute #$MetaAssertionsForPolyCanonicalizingAssertions) (#$arg1Isa #$assertionMt #$CycLAssertion) (#$arg2Format #$assertionMt #$SingleEntry) (#$arg2Isa #$assertionMt #$Microtheory) (#$argFormat #$assertionMt 2 #$SingleEntry) (#$argIsa #$assertionMt 1 #$CycLAssertion) (#$argIsa #$assertionMt 1 #$CycLAssertion) (#$argIsa #$assertionMt 2 #$Microtheory) (#$argIsa #$assertionMt 2 #$Microtheory) (#$arity #$assertionMt 2) (#$comment #$assertionMt "A predicate which relates Cyc assertions to the microtheories in which they reside. (#$assertionMt ASSERTION MT) states that the #$CycLAssertion ASSERTION resides in the #$Microtheory MT. Note that the first argument to this predicate is #$CycLAssertion, rather than #$ELSentence-Assertible. This renders the predicate #$functionalInArgs 2, since any given #$CycLAssertion only appears in one microtheory (though another assertion with an identical #$ELSentence-Assertible may well appear in a different microtheory - cf. #$assertionSentence).") (#$isa #$assertionMt #$MetaKnowledgePredicate) (#$isa #$assertionMt #$StrictlyFunctionalSlot) (#$quotedArgument #$assertionMt 2) (#$relationAllExists #$assertionMt #$CycLAssertion #$Microtheory) (#$sharedNotes #$assertionMt #$MetaAssertionsForPolyCanonicalizingAssertions) (#$strictlyFunctionalInArgs #$assertionMt 2) (#$completeExtentKnown #$assertionMt) (#$arg1Isa #$assertionSentence #$CycLAssertion) (#$arg2Format #$assertionSentence #$SingleEntry) (#$arg2Isa #$assertionSentence #$ELSentence-Assertible) (#$argFormat #$assertionSentence 2 #$SingleEntry) (#$argIsa #$assertionSentence 1 #$CycLAssertion) (#$argIsa #$assertionSentence 1 #$CycLAssertion) (#$argIsa #$assertionSentence 2 #$ELSentence-Assertible) (#$argIsa #$assertionSentence 2 #$ELSentence-Assertible) (#$arity #$assertionSentence 2) (#$comment #$assertionSentence "(#$assertionSentence ASSERTION SENT) means that in the #$CycLAssertion ASSERTION, the statement asserted is what is represented by the 'epistemological formula' or sentence (more precisely, #$ELSentence-Assertible) SENT. Note that each assertion will have exactly one corresponding sentence (though it's worth noting that after canonicalization this sentence may appear in the browser in another, albeit logically equivalent, form -- particularly if it 'polycanonicalizes', cf. #$MetaAssertionsForPolyCanonicalizingAssertions). Note, however, that some instances of #$ELSentence-Assertible may correspond to more than one #$CycLAssertion. For example, the formula (#$isa #$Muffet #$Poodle) might appear in the following: (#$ist #$SportsMt (#$isa #$Muffet #$Poodle)) and (#$ist #$CyclistsMt (#$isa #$Muffet #$Poodle)). In other words, since any given #$CycLAssertion has the form (#$ist MT SOME-EL-SENT), any time an #$ELSentence-Assertible is asserted in multiple microtheories the resulting assertions in each of those microtheories will share the common sentence. See also #$assertionTruth, #$assertionStrength and #$assertionMt.") (#$functionalInArgs #$assertionSentence 2) (#$isa #$assertionSentence #$BinaryPredicate) (#$isa #$assertionSentence #$MetaKnowledgePredicate) (#$isa #$assertionSentence #$StrictlyFunctionalPredicate) (#$quotedArgument #$assertionSentence 2) (#$relationAllExists #$assertionSentence #$CycLAssertion #$ELSentence-Assertible) (#$sharedNotes #$assertionSentence #$MetaAssertionsForPolyCanonicalizingAssertions) (#$strictlyFunctionalInArgs #$assertionSentence 2) (#$completeExtentKnown #$assertionSentence) (#$arg1Isa #$assertionStrength #$CycLAssertion) (#$arg2Format #$assertionStrength #$SingleEntry) (#$arg2Isa #$assertionStrength #$JustificationStrength) (#$argFormat #$assertionStrength 2 #$SingleEntry) (#$argIsa #$assertionStrength 1 #$CycLAssertion) (#$argIsa #$assertionStrength 1 #$CycLAssertion) (#$argIsa #$assertionStrength 2 #$JustificationStrength) (#$argIsa #$assertionStrength 2 #$JustificationStrength) (#$arity #$assertionStrength 2) (#$comment #$assertionStrength "(#$assertionStrength ASSERTION STRENGTH) states that argumentation has determined that the arguments supporting ASSERTION indicate that STRENGTH is the justification strength of ASSERTION. In other words, STRENGTH indicates how strongly the truth of ASSERTION is justified. The three possible justification strengths are #$Default-JustificationStrength, #$Monotonic-JustificationStrength and #$Unknown-JustificationStrength. See also #$assertionTruth, #$assertionMt.") (#$isa #$assertionStrength #$MetaKnowledgePredicate) (#$isa #$assertionStrength #$StrictlyFunctionalSlot) (#$relationAllExists #$assertionStrength #$CycLAssertion #$JustificationStrength) (#$sharedNotes #$assertionStrength #$MetaAssertionsForPolyCanonicalizingAssertions) (#$strictlyFunctionalInArgs #$assertionStrength 2) (#$completeExtentKnown #$assertionStrength) (#$arg1Isa #$assertionTruth #$CycLAssertion) (#$arg2Format #$assertionTruth #$SingleEntry) (#$arg2Isa #$assertionTruth #$JustificationTruth) (#$argFormat #$assertionTruth 2 #$SingleEntry) (#$argIsa #$assertionTruth 1 #$CycLAssertion) (#$argIsa #$assertionTruth 1 #$CycLAssertion) (#$argIsa #$assertionTruth 2 #$JustificationTruth) (#$argIsa #$assertionTruth 2 #$JustificationTruth) (#$arity #$assertionTruth 2) (#$comment #$assertionTruth "(assertionTruth ASSERTION TRUTH) states that argumentation has determined that the arguments supporting ASSERTION indicate that TRUTH is the truth of ASSERTION. TRUTH will either be #$True-JustificationTruth, #$False-JustificationTruth or #$Unknown-JustificationTruth. See also #$assertionStrength.") (#$isa #$assertionTruth #$MetaKnowledgePredicate) (#$isa #$assertionTruth #$StrictlyFunctionalSlot) (#$relationAllExists #$assertionTruth #$CycLAssertion #$JustificationTruth) (#$sharedNotes #$assertionTruth #$MetaAssertionsForPolyCanonicalizingAssertions) (#$strictlyFunctionalInArgs #$assertionTruth 2) (#$completeExtentKnown #$assertionTruth) (#$arg1Isa #$AssignmentInProgramFn #$ProgramObject) (#$arg1Isa #$AssignmentInProgramFn #$ProgramObject) (#$arg2Isa #$AssignmentInProgramFn #$ProgramObject) (#$arg2Isa #$AssignmentInProgramFn #$ProgramObject) (#$argIsa #$AssignmentInProgramFn 1 #$ProgramObject) (#$argIsa #$AssignmentInProgramFn 1 #$ProgramObject) (#$argIsa #$AssignmentInProgramFn 1 #$ProgramObject) (#$argIsa #$AssignmentInProgramFn 2 #$ProgramObject) (#$argIsa #$AssignmentInProgramFn 2 #$ProgramObject) (#$argIsa #$AssignmentInProgramFn 2 #$ProgramObject) (#$arity #$AssignmentInProgramFn 2) (#$comment #$AssignmentInProgramFn "(#$AssignmentInProgramFn OBJECT1 OBJECT2) represents a program step in which the variable OBJECT1 is assigned the value of OBJECT2.") (#$isa #$AssignmentInProgramFn #$BinaryFunction) (#$isa #$AssignmentInProgramFn #$UnreifiableFunction) (#$resultIsa #$AssignmentInProgramFn #$ProgramCondition) (#$resultIsa #$AssignmentInProgramFn #$Thing) (#$arg1Format #$assistingAgent #$SetTheFormat) (#$arg1Isa #$assistingAgent #$Event) (#$arg1Isa #$assistingAgent #$Event) (#$arg2Format #$assistingAgent #$SetTheFormat) (#$arg2Isa #$assistingAgent #$Agent) (#$arg2Isa #$assistingAgent #$Agent) (#$argFormat #$assistingAgent 1 #$SetTheFormat) (#$argFormat #$assistingAgent 2 #$SetTheFormat) (#$argIsa #$assistingAgent 2 #$Agent) (#$argIsa #$assistingAgent 2 #$Agent) (#$argIsa #$assistingAgent 2 #$Agent) (#$argIsa #$assistingAgent 1 #$Event) (#$argIsa #$assistingAgent 1 #$Event) (#$argIsa #$assistingAgent 1 #$Event) (#$arity #$assistingAgent 2) (#$comment #$assistingAgent "(#$assistingAgent ACT AGENT) means that AGENT is one of the agents assisting in the performance of ACT; AGENT itself may or may not also be performing ACT. AGENT is doing some tasks related to ACT but which are not directly #$subEvents of performing the main or focus action. Thus, `assisting' here means doing such supporting activities as fetching supplies or tools needed in ACT; helping to manipulate objects involved in ACT; gathering an audience, or booking the performer, if ACT is a public performance, and so forth.") (#$genlPreds #$assistingAgent #$deliberateActors) (#$isa #$assistingAgent #$ActorSlot) (#$isa #$assistingAgent #$AgentiveRole) (#$isa #$assistingAgent #$BinaryPredicate) (#$relationExistsAll #$assistingAgent #$MedicalCareEvent #$Nurse) (#$minimizeExtent #$assistingAgent) (#$comment #$AssociativeRelation "The collection of #$Relations having the property of associativity. Roughly put, an associative relation is such that, when it is applied recursively to a list of arguments (whose length is greater than the relation's arity, and with each item in the list being used exactly once), the _order_ of application does not matter. Though not restricted to #$BinaryRelations, most of the familiar examples of associative relations are binary (or variable-arity and used with two arguments). Where RELN is binary, it is an instance of #$AssociativeRelation if and only if (for any appropriate arguments A,B, and C) the corresponding expressions of the forms (RELN A (RELN B C)) and (RELN (RELN A B) C) both have the same value: if RELN is a #$Predicate or #$LogicalConnective they both have the same truth value, while if RELN is a #$Function-Denotational they both have the same denotatum (or both have no denotatum). Where RELN has a higher arity than two, the definition is similar, but with the relevant expression-forms appropriately rewritten. Where RELN is variable-arity (see #$VariableArityRelation), it is an #$AssociativeRelation if and only of it behaves associatively with respect to each of the particular arities it \"covers\" (see #$arityMax and #$arityMin). Examples of #$AssociativeRelations include #$PlusFn, #$TimesFn, #$JoinListsFn, #$or, and #$and.") (#$genls #$AssociativeRelation #$Relation) (#$genls #$AssociativeRelation #$Relation) (#$isa #$AssociativeRelation #$AtemporalNecessarilyEssentialCollectionType) (#$isa #$AssociativeRelation #$Collection) (#$isa #$AssociativeRelation #$CoreConstant) (#$isa #$AssociativeRelation #$RelationTypeByLogicalFeature) (#$comment #$AstronomicalObject "A specialization of #$InanimateThing-Natural. The collection of all things of the types studied by astronomers. Each instance of #$AstronomicalObject is a (usually quite large) natural, inanimate object that is located in the physical universe and is not on the surface of the Earth. (But note that #$PlanetEarth itself _is_ an instance of this collection.) An #$AstronomicalObject might be either an individual heavenly body (see #$AstronomicalBody) or a group or system made up of such bodies (see e.g. #$Galaxy and #$PlanetarySystem). See also the specialization #$CelestialObject, instances of which are visible from the Earth.") (#$disjointWith #$AstronomicalObject #$CloudInSky) (#$disjointWith #$AstronomicalObject #$HumanScaleObject) (#$disjointWith #$AstronomicalObject #$Mineral) (#$genls #$AstronomicalObject #$InanimateObject-Natural) (#$genls #$AstronomicalObject #$Individual) (#$isa #$AstronomicalObject #$ExistingObjectType) (#$comment #$AsymmetricBinaryPredicate "An instance of #$BinaryPredicateTypeByLogicalFeature and a specialization of #$AntiSymmetricBinaryPredicate (q.v.). A binary predicate BINPRED is an instance of #$AsymmetricBinaryPredicate if and only if (i) for any THING1 and THING2, (BINPRED THING1 THING2) implies (#$not (BINPRED THING2 THING1)) and (ii) the single-argument argument type (i.e. #$argIsa and #$argGenl) constraints on BINPRED's two respective argument-places are \"co-satisfiable\" (see #$NoteOnArgumentTypingAndPropertiesOfRelations). Examples of asymmetric binary predicates include #$northOf, #$children, #$greaterThan, and #$overrides. Cf. #$SymmetricBinaryPredicate.") (#$genls #$AsymmetricBinaryPredicate #$AntiSymmetricBinaryPredicate) (#$genls #$AsymmetricBinaryPredicate #$AntiSymmetricBinaryPredicate) (#$genls #$AsymmetricBinaryPredicate #$AntiSymmetricBinaryPredicate) (#$genls #$AsymmetricBinaryPredicate #$IrreflexiveBinaryPredicate) (#$genls #$AsymmetricBinaryPredicate #$IrreflexiveBinaryPredicate) (#$genls #$AsymmetricBinaryPredicate #$IrreflexiveBinaryPredicate) (#$isa #$AsymmetricBinaryPredicate #$AtemporalNecessarilyEssentialCollectionType) (#$isa #$AsymmetricBinaryPredicate #$BinaryPredicateTypeByLogicalFeature) (#$isa #$AsymmetricBinaryPredicate #$Collection) (#$isa #$AsymmetricBinaryPredicate #$CoreConstant) (#$isa #$AsymmetricBinaryPredicate #$PredicateCategory) (#$sharedNotes #$AsymmetricBinaryPredicate #$NoteOnArgumentTypingAndPropertiesOfRelations) (#$arg1Format #$asymmetricInArgs #$openEntryFormatInArgs) (#$arg1Isa #$asymmetricInArgs #$Relation) (#$arg2Format #$asymmetricInArgs #$openEntryFormatInArgs) (#$arg2Isa #$asymmetricInArgs #$PositiveInteger) (#$arg3Isa #$asymmetricInArgs #$PositiveInteger) (#$argFormat #$asymmetricInArgs 1 #$openEntryFormatInArgs) (#$argFormat #$asymmetricInArgs 2 #$openEntryFormatInArgs) (#$argIsa #$asymmetricInArgs 2 #$PositiveInteger) (#$argIsa #$asymmetricInArgs 2 #$PositiveInteger) (#$argIsa #$asymmetricInArgs 3 #$PositiveInteger) (#$argIsa #$asymmetricInArgs 3 #$PositiveInteger) (#$argIsa #$asymmetricInArgs 1 #$Relation) (#$argIsa #$asymmetricInArgs 1 #$Relation) (#$arity #$asymmetricInArgs 3) (#$comment #$asymmetricInArgs "A #$MetaRelation that is used to indicate that a given relation is \"asymmetric\" with respect to two given argument-places. (#$asymmetricInArgs REL M N) means that REL is asymmetric in its Mth and Nth arguments: these arguments are _not_ freely permutable. This entails that, given any true (if REL is a predicate) or denoting (if REL is a function) formula built from (the CycL term for) REL, inter-substituting the formula's Mth and Nth arguments (while leaving the other arguments unchanged) will always result in a change in the formula's truth-value or denotatum). If REL is a binary predicate this is equivalent to its being an #$AsymmetricBinaryPredicate. More generally: (i) If REL is a #$Predicate that holds of given argument-sequence SEQ, then REL does _not_ hold of the sequence SEQ-PERMUTED obtained by permuting the Mth and Nth items in SEQ (while leaving the other items unchanged). (ii) If REL is a #$Function-Denotational whose value for a given argument-sequence SEQ is VALUE, then REL does _not_ have VALUE as its value for SEQ-PERMUTED (defined as above); REL might have something other than VALUE as its value for SEQ-PERMUTED, or it might be undefined for SEQ-PERMUTED. For example, a (hypothetical) ternary predicate called `greaterThanOnScale', which took as arguments two physical objects and a scale for measuring some physical property, would be asymmetric in its first and second arguments; i.e. (#$asymmetricInArgs greaterThanOnScale 1 2) would hold. For a function example, a (hypothetical) ternary function called `TransportToFromViaVehicleTypeFn' that took as arguments two _distinct_ locations and a vehicle-type (and returned, say, the collection of all trips from the first location to the second location in vehicles of that type) would also be asymmetric in its first and second arguments. Note that (each of) the #$argIsa constraint(s) on REL's Mth argument-place must not be disjoint with (any of) the #$argIsa constraint(s) on REL's Nth argument-place (see #$disjointWith), and likewise for the corresponding #$argGenl constraints (if any). For some discussion of why this is so, see the #$NoteOnArgumentTypingAndPropertiesOfRelations. See also #$antiSymmetricInArgs and #$commutativeInArgs.") (#$genlPreds #$asymmetricInArgs #$antiSymmetricInArgs) (#$genlPreds #$asymmetricInArgs #$interArgDifferent) (#$interArgDifferent #$asymmetricInArgs 2 3) (#$isa #$asymmetricInArgs #$DefaultMonotonicPredicate) (#$isa #$asymmetricInArgs #$IntangibleObjectRelatingPredicate) (#$isa #$asymmetricInArgs #$MetaRelation) (#$isa #$asymmetricInArgs #$PartiallyCommutativeRelation) (#$isa #$asymmetricInArgs #$PossibleDefinitionalPredicate) (#$isa #$asymmetricInArgs #$TernaryPredicate) (#$comment #$AtemporalNecessarilyEssentialCollectionType "A collection of collections. Each instance COL of #$AtemporalNecessarilyEssentialCollectionType (ANECT) is a collection satisfying three conditions: (1) COL is disjoint with (see #$disjointWith) #$TemporalThing, (2) every instance INST of COL is an instance of COL essentially (i.e. INST is an instance of COL, and could not exist without being an instance of COL), and (3) condition (2) is a necessary truth about COL. Positive examples include #$Collection, #$Integer, and #$Relation (each of which is a collection of atemporals and is such that, necessarily, all of its instances are in it essentially). Negative examples include #$SpatialThing (though arguably it is necessary that all of its instances are essentially instances of it, it is not disjoint with #$TemporalThing) and #$UniqueAnatomicalPartType (which, though disjoint with #$TemporalThing, has instances, such as #$Heart, that could exist even if they weren't instances of it; e.g. it might have been the case that every creature with a heart had at least two hearts). There are no known examples of Cyc-reified collections satisfying conditions (1) and (2) but not (3), but one can be contrived. Suppose that all of today's winning lottery numbers were primes. Now consider the collection (#$CollectionUnionFn (#$TheSet #$PrimeNumber TodaysWinningLotteryNumbers)). This collection is clearly disjoint with #$TemporalThing and, by hypothesis, all of its instances are in it essentially (as each prime number is essentially a prime number). But this last fact is not _necessarily_ true of this collection: the collection might have had instances that belonged to it only contingently (i.e. not essentially), as it might have been the case that one of today's winning lottery numbers was non-prime, and no number is such that it is essentially one of today's winning lottery numbers. When asserting that something is an instance or specialization of a given instance of ANECT, it is appropriate to do so in the #$UniversalVocabularyMt (q.v.). Indeed, ANECT was specially defined to facilitate the movement of appropriate assertions to that microtheory. ") (#$genls #$AtemporalNecessarilyEssentialCollectionType #$Collection) (#$isa #$AtemporalNecessarilyEssentialCollectionType #$AtemporalNecessarilyEssentialCollectionType) (#$isa #$AtemporalNecessarilyEssentialCollectionType #$Collection) (#$isa #$AtemporalNecessarilyEssentialCollectionType #$CollectionType) (#$isa #$AtemporalNecessarilyEssentialCollectionType #$CollectionType) (#$isa #$AtemporalNecessarilyEssentialCollectionType #$CoreConstant) (#$isa #$AtemporalNecessarilyEssentialCollectionType #$VariableOrderCollection) (#$comment #$Athlete "A collection of persons. Each instance of #$Athlete is a person who trains to compete in contests involving physical agility, stamina, or strength. Note that in the #$JobMt, #$Athlete is a subcollection of #$PersonWithOccupation (q.v.), and hence in that microtheory represents the collection of professional athletes.") (#$genls #$Athlete #$Entertainer) (#$genls #$Athlete #$Individual) (#$genls #$Athlete #$Person) (#$genls #$Athlete (#$CollectionUnionFn (#$TheSet #$Athlete #$SportsOrganization))) (#$isa #$Athlete #$PersonTypeByActivity) (#$isa #$Athlete #$PersonTypeByOccupation) (#$comment #$AthleticActivity "A specialization of both #$PurposefulPhysicalAction and #$HumanActivity. Each instance of #$AthleticActivity is a purposeful, physical human activity that is related to the playing of some sport, involves physical exertion, and tends to require strength and stamina. This collection is not limited to competitive sports events, but also includes non-competitive sports activities and exercising (e.g. spelunking, going for a jog, or shooting a few hoops).") (#$genls #$AthleticActivity #$HumanActivity) (#$genls #$AthleticActivity #$HumanActivity) (#$genls #$AthleticActivity #$Individual) (#$genls #$AthleticActivity #$PurposefulAction) (#$genls #$AthleticActivity #$PurposefulPhysicalAction) (#$isa #$AthleticActivity #$TemporalStuffType) (#$comment #$AtlanticOcean "The main body of salt water primarily in the #$WesternHemisphere-Region, bordering on five #$Continents (or three #$TrueContinents -- the Western coasts of Europe and Africa, Antarctica, and the Eastern coasts of North and South America).") (#$isa #$AtlanticOcean #$Entity) (#$isa #$AtlanticOcean #$Individual) (#$isa #$AtlanticOcean #$InternationalWaters) (#$isa #$AtlanticOcean #$Ocean) (#$comment #$AtLeastPartiallyMentalEvent "A collection of events. Each instance of #$AtLeastPartiallyMentalEvent is an event involving the mental functions of a participant or group of participants (see #$actors) in that event. The collection includes such things as dreaming, perceiving, sensing, theorizing about something, having a realization, making a decision, building something, designing something, and consciously carrying out a task. Note that the above list includes both purposeful events and non-purposeful events that involve mental functions. Note also that any event that has a mental component is also an instance of this collection, so that events like preparing lunch would be classified as instances of #$AtLeastPartiallyMentalEvent. In entering knowledge, it is almost always possible and preferable to use one of the specializations of #$AtLeastPartiallyMentalEvent. If an event seems mostly mental in nature, modulo neurons firing and related brain activity, use #$StrictlyMentalEvent or one of its specializations. If it essentially involves both mental and physical activity, see #$CompositePhysicalAndMentalEvent or #$PurposefulPhysicalAction. For mental events that are intentionally and purposefully performed, see the specialization #$PurposefulMentalActivity.") (#$genls #$AtLeastPartiallyMentalEvent #$AnimalActivity) (#$genls #$AtLeastPartiallyMentalEvent #$Event) (#$genls #$AtLeastPartiallyMentalEvent #$Individual) (#$genls #$AtLeastPartiallyMentalEvent #$MentalSituation) (#$isa #$AtLeastPartiallyMentalEvent #$TemporalStuffType) (#$comment #$Atom "A specialization of #$ChemicalObject. Each instance of #$Atom is a microscopic-scale object with exactly one atomic nucleus (see #$AtomicNucleus) and some number of electrons (see #$Electron). A typical instance of #$Atom has no net charge, i.e., it has as many instances of #$Electron as it does of #$Proton. For the collection of atoms that do have non-zero charges, see #$AtomicIon.") (#$disjointWith #$Atom #$Molecule) (#$disjointWith #$Atom #$Water) (#$genls #$Atom #$ChemicalObject) (#$genls #$Atom #$Individual) (#$isa #$Atom #$ExistingObjectType) (#$arg1Genl #$AtomFn #$ElementStuff) (#$arg1Genl #$AtomFn #$ElementStuff) (#$arg1Isa #$AtomFn #$ElementStuffType) (#$argGenl #$AtomFn 1 #$ElementStuff) (#$argGenl #$AtomFn 1 #$ElementStuff) (#$argGenl #$AtomFn 1 #$ElementStuff) (#$argIsa #$AtomFn 1 #$ElementStuffType) (#$arity #$AtomFn 1) (#$comment #$AtomFn "An instance of both #$CollectionDenotingFunction and #$ReifiableFunction. When applied to an instance ELEMENT-TYPE of #$ElementStuffType, #$AtomFn returns the collection of all atoms (see #$Atom) of ELEMENT-TYPE. Each instance of the collection (#$AtomFn ELEMENT-TYPE) is an atom with N protons in its atomic nucleus, where N is the #$atomicNumber (q.v.) of ELEMENT-TYPE. For example, (#$AtomFn #$Carbon) is the collection of all carbon atoms, each of which has 6 protons in its nucleus. Additionally, each atom has a #$massNumberOfAtom (which need not be same for all atoms of the same #$ElementStuffType : see #$IsotopeFn).") (#$isa #$AtomFn #$CollectionDenotingFunction) (#$isa #$AtomFn #$ReifiableFunction) (#$isa #$AtomFn #$UnaryFunction) (#$resultGenl #$AtomFn #$Atom) (#$resultGenl #$AtomFn #$Individual) (#$resultIsa #$AtomFn #$ExistingObjectType) (#$resultIsa #$AtomFn #$ExistingObjectType) (#$comment #$AtomicNucleus "A specialization of #$MicroscopicScaleObject. Each instance of #$AtomicNucleus is an object composed of some definite number of instances of #$Proton and some definite number of instances of #$Neutron. Each instance of #$Atom has exactly one instance of #$AtomicNucleus as a part.") (#$disjointWith #$AtomicNucleus #$Metal) (#$genls #$AtomicNucleus #$Individual) (#$genls #$AtomicNucleus #$MicroscopicScaleObject) (#$isa #$AtomicNucleus #$ExistingObjectType) (#$arg1Format #$atomicNumber #$singleEntryFormatInArgs) (#$arg1Genl #$atomicNumber #$ElementStuff) (#$arg1Isa #$atomicNumber #$ElementStuffTypeByNumberOfProtons) (#$arg2Format #$atomicNumber #$singleEntryFormatInArgs) (#$arg2Isa #$atomicNumber #$PositiveInteger) (#$argFormat #$atomicNumber 1 #$singleEntryFormatInArgs) (#$argFormat #$atomicNumber 2 #$singleEntryFormatInArgs) (#$argGenl #$atomicNumber 1 #$ElementStuff) (#$argGenl #$atomicNumber 1 #$ElementStuff) (#$argIsa #$atomicNumber 1 #$ElementStuffTypeByNumberOfProtons) (#$argIsa #$atomicNumber 1 #$ElementStuffTypeByNumberOfProtons) (#$argIsa #$atomicNumber 2 #$PositiveInteger) (#$argIsa #$atomicNumber 2 #$PositiveInteger) (#$arity #$atomicNumber 2) (#$comment #$atomicNumber "This predicate relates an atomic number to an element. (#$atomicNumber ELEMENT INT) means that ELEMENT, an instance of #$ElementStuffTypeByNumberOfProtons, has the #$PositiveInteger INT for its atomic number. This means that any instance of (#$AtomFn ELEMENT) must have INT many protons (see #$Proton) in its atomic nucleus (see #$AtomicNucleus). For example, (#$atomicNumber #$Carbon 6) means that every instance of (#$AtomFn #$Carbon) has six protons in its nucleus.") (#$isa #$atomicNumber #$BinaryPredicate) (#$isa #$atomicNumber #$StrictlyFunctionalSlot) (#$singleEntryFormatInArgs #$atomicNumber 1) (#$singleEntryFormatInArgs #$atomicNumber 2) (#$comment #$AtomicSymbol-Abstract "The collection of all abstract symbols which are not composed of further symbols. By 'abstract symbol' we mean any abstract object whose concrete instantiations have meaning, broadly construed, according to some convention. For example, the letter A is an #$AtomicSymbol-Abstract, whereas its concrete instantiations (such as you see in this note) are not. The character string 'ABC' is not an #$AtomicSymbol-Abstract, because it is composed of more than one symbol. An arbitrary abstract object (such as the abstract structure of carbon dioxide) is not #$AtomicSymbol-Abstract unless its instantiations have a meaning, according to some convention. Other examples include all instances of #$Character-Abstract, punctuation marks, words (but not their corresponding character strings) and symbols of diagram types (e.g. the symbols used in wiring diagrams).") (#$genls #$AtomicSymbol-Abstract #$AbstractInformationStructure) (#$genls #$AtomicSymbol-Abstract #$Individual) (#$isa #$AtomicSymbol-Abstract #$FirstOrderCollection) (#$comment #$AttachmentEvent "The collection of events in which one object becomes attached to another. This may involve fasteners of some sort in which case one should use the specialization #$ConnectingTogether or processes in which no fasteners are used, e.g. magnets moving together, two objects rusting together, chemical bonding.") (#$genls #$AttachmentEvent #$ConfiguringEvent) (#$genls #$AttachmentEvent #$Incorporation-Physical) (#$genls #$AttachmentEvent #$Individual) (#$isa #$AttachmentEvent #$TemporalObjectType) (#$comment #$AttackByComputerOperation "A specialization of #$AttackOnObject, #$ActsCommonlyConsideredCriminal and #$ComputerActivity. Each instance of #$AttackByComputerOperation an attack executed using computer operations as weapons. Commonly, instances of this collection are called \"electronic attacks\" or \"cyber attacks\". This collection includes as specializations #$AttackByComputerOperation-DenialOfService, #$AttackByComputerOperation-CorruptionOfInformation and many others. Note that #$AttackByComputerOperation is not a specialization of #$AttackOnIBT, because many instances of #$AttackByComputerOperation do not involve an attempt to change the information content of their targets.") (#$genls #$AttackByComputerOperation #$ActsCommonlyConsideredCriminal) (#$genls #$AttackByComputerOperation #$AttackOnObject) (#$genls #$AttackByComputerOperation #$ComputerActivity) (#$genls #$AttackByComputerOperation #$Individual) (#$isa #$AttackByComputerOperation #$DefaultDisjointScriptType) (#$isa #$AttackByComputerOperation #$TemporalObjectType) (#$comment #$AttackOnObject "A specialization of #$PurposefulPhysicalAction and #$AttackOnObject. Each instance of #$AttackOnObject is an action intentionally performed by an actor or actors (see #$performedBy) with the goal (see #$purposeInEvent) that the action damages (see #$damages) the object attacked (see #$objectAttacked). The object that is attacked in an instance of #$AttackOnObject need not be a tangible object -- for example, it could be a web site or a person's character. For attacks against tangible objects, see the more specialized collection, #$AttackOnTangible.") (#$genls #$AttackOnObject #$ActionOnObject) (#$genls #$AttackOnObject #$Individual) (#$genls #$AttackOnObject #$PurposefulPhysicalAction) (#$isa #$AttackOnObject #$TemporalObjectType) (#$genls (#$AttemptingFn #$InfluencingAnAgent) #$Individual) (#$genls (#$AttemptingFn #$InfluencingAnAgent) #$PurposefulAction) (#$isa (#$AttemptingFn #$InfluencingAnAgent) #$FirstOrderCollection) (#$arg1Genl #$AttemptingFn #$Action) (#$arg1Isa #$AttemptingFn #$FirstOrderCollection) (#$argGenl #$AttemptingFn 1 #$Action) (#$argGenl #$AttemptingFn 1 #$Action) (#$argIsa #$AttemptingFn 1 #$FirstOrderCollection) (#$argIsa #$AttemptingFn 1 #$FirstOrderCollection) (#$arity #$AttemptingFn 1) (#$comment #$AttemptingFn "A #$CollectionDenotingFunction from types of actions to collections of attempts to perform them. (#$AttemptingFn ACTION-TYPE) is the collection of all attempts to perform an ACTION-TYPE. For example, (#$AttemptingFn #$FollowingInstructions) is the collection of all attempts at following instructions, whether successful (and thus resulting an actual instruction-followings) or not.") (#$isa #$AttemptingFn #$CollectionDenotingFunction) (#$isa #$AttemptingFn #$CollectionDenotingFunction) (#$isa #$AttemptingFn #$ReifiableFunction) (#$isa #$AttemptingFn #$UnaryFunction) (#$resultGenl #$AttemptingFn #$Individual) (#$resultIsa #$AttemptingFn #$FirstOrderCollection) (#$resultIsa #$AttemptingFn #$FirstOrderCollection) (#$comment #$AttributeDenotingFunction "The collection of denotational functions that return only #$AttributeValues. The attributes thus returned will often be #$RelativeAttributes.") (#$genls #$AttributeDenotingFunction #$IndividualDenotingFunction) (#$isa #$AttributeDenotingFunction #$FunctionCategory) (#$comment #$AttributePointValue "A specialization of #$AttributeValue. #$AttributePointValue is the collection of attribute values VAL which are minimal in the sense that there is no other attribute value VAL2 different from VAL such that (#$genlAttributes VAL2 VAL). The instances of #$ScalarPointValue, such as the #$RealNumber pi, are instances of #$AttributePointValue as well. In addition, #$AttributePointValue has elements that are not #$ScalarPointValues; an example would be a specific shade of color of a precise hue, saturation, and lightness. #$ScalarIntervals that are not #$ScalarPointValues, such as the real number interval (#$Unity 3 4), are also not #$AttributePointValues. Another example of an attribute value that is not an #$AttributePointValue is the color #$RedColor, which encompasses different shades of red.") (#$genls #$AttributePointValue #$AttributeValue) (#$isa #$AttributePointValue #$AtemporalNecessarilyEssentialCollectionType) (#$isa #$AttributePointValue #$ObjectType) (#$comment #$AttributePredicate "The subcollection of #$Predicates that relate attributes to things that hold them or are perceived as holding them. More formally, PRED is an instance of this collection if (#$argIsa PRED N ATT-VAL-SPEC) holds for some N and some collection ATT-VAL-SPEC that is a subcollection of #$AttributeValue and the attributes represented by instances of ATT-VAL-SPEC are related by PRED to some thing or things holding this attribute or perceived as holding it. For example, #$levelOfEfficiencyWithRespectTo is an instance of this collection since (#$argIsa #$levelOfEfficiencyWithRespectTo 2 #$Efficiency) holds, #$Efficiency is a specification of #$AttributeValue and #$levelOfEfficiencyWithRespectTo relates an instance EFF of #$Efficiency to an instance SYS of #$System-Generic in those situations in which EFF is an attribute of SYS.") (#$genls #$AttributePredicate #$Predicate) (#$isa #$AttributePredicate #$PredicateCategory) (#$comment #$AttributeValue "A specialization of #$IntangibleIndividual. Each instance of #$AttributeValue is a property (in a broad sense of 'property') of some instance of #$Thing. #$AttributeValue includes as instances quantities, such as 5 inches (i.e., (#$Inch 5)) or 1000 dollars per year (i.e., (#$DollarsPerYear 1000)), as well as qualities like #$Hilly, #$Rough, #$DeviceOn, etc., which can be used to make assertions about the state of some tangible object.") (#$disjointWith #$AttributeValue #$Collection) (#$disjointWith #$AttributeValue #$Language) (#$disjointWith #$AttributeValue #$Microtheory) (#$disjointWith #$AttributeValue #$Proposition) (#$disjointWith #$AttributeValue #$Relation) (#$disjointWith #$AttributeValue #$SpatialThing) (#$genls #$AttributeValue #$Individual) (#$genls #$AttributeValue #$IntangibleIndividual) (#$genls #$AttributeValue #$Thing) (#$genls #$AttributeValue (#$CollectionUnionFn (#$TheSet #$AttributeValue #$AbstractInformationalThing))) (#$isa #$AttributeValue #$AtemporalNecessarilyEssentialCollectionType) (#$isa #$AttributeValue #$Collection) (#$isa #$AttributeValue #$CoreConstant) (#$isa #$AttributeValue #$ObjectType) (#$genls #$AudibleSound #$Individual) (#$genls #$AudibleSound #$Sound) (#$isa #$AudibleSound #$SoundWavePropagationType) (#$isa #$AudibleSound #$TemporalStuffType) (#$isa #$AudibleSound #$WavePropagationType) (#$siblingDisjointExceptions #$AudibleSound #$InformationBearingWavePropagation) (#$comment #$AudioCommunicating "A specialization of #$Communicating. Each instance of #$AudioCommunicating is a transmission of sound-borne information between two (or more) agents. Specializations of #$AudioCommunicating include #$SpokenCommunicating and #$MusicalCommunicating.") (#$genls #$AudioCommunicating #$Communicating) (#$genls #$AudioCommunicating #$Individual) (#$isa #$AudioCommunicating #$TemporalStuffType) (#$comment #$August "The collection of all Augusts, the eighth month of the year in the #$GregorianCalendar.") (#$genls #$August #$CalendarMonth) (#$genls #$August #$CalendarMonth) (#$genls #$August #$Individual) (#$isa #$August #$Collection) (#$isa #$August #$CoreConstant) (#$isa #$August #$MonthOfYearType) (#$temporallySubsumes-TypeType #$August #$CalendarMonth) (#$comment #$Australia "Australia, the country that occupies the #$ContinentOfAustralia (and also #$TasmaniaIslandAustralia) dividing the eastern #$IndianOcean from the southwestern #$PacificOcean. In the #$DualistGeopoliticalMt, this constant includes both physical and political aspects of Australia.") (#$isa #$Australia #$Entity) (#$isa #$Australia #$IndependentCountry) (#$isa #$Australia #$Individual) (#$isa #$Australia #$IndustrializedCountry) (#$isa #$Australia #$IndustrializedCountry) (#$comment #$AustralianEnglishMt "The mt for semantic mappings between Cyc terms and english words or phrases peculiar to Australian English. Example: (#$denotation #$Wash-TheWord #$AgentiveNoun 0 #$WashCloth). This mt also includes pos information peculiar to Australian English. See the comment on #$EnglishLexiconMt and the #$cyclistNotes below for more on this and on the other english national standards represented in our lexicon.") (#$genlMt #$AustralianEnglishMt #$BaseKB) (#$genlMt #$AustralianEnglishMt #$BaseKB) (#$genlMt #$AustralianEnglishMt #$BritishEnglishMt) (#$genlMt #$AustralianEnglishMt #$CommonWealthEnglishMt) (#$genlMt #$AustralianEnglishMt #$GeneralLexiconMt) (#$isa #$AustralianEnglishMt #$EnglishLexicalMicrotheory) (#$isa #$AustralianEnglishMt #$Language-SpecificMicrotheory) (#$isa #$AustralianEnglishMt #$Microtheory) (#$arg1Isa #$authorityForMt #$InformationStore) (#$arg1Isa #$authorityForMt #$TemporalThing) (#$arg2Format #$authorityForMt #$SetTheFormat) (#$arg2Isa #$authorityForMt #$Microtheory) (#$argFormat #$authorityForMt 2 #$SetTheFormat) (#$argIsa #$authorityForMt 1 #$InformationStore) (#$argIsa #$authorityForMt 1 #$InformationStore) (#$argIsa #$authorityForMt 2 #$Microtheory) (#$argIsa #$authorityForMt 2 #$Microtheory) (#$argIsa #$authorityForMt 1 #$TemporalThing) (#$argIsa #$authorityForMt 1 #$TemporalThing) (#$arity #$authorityForMt 2) (#$comment #$authorityForMt "(#$authorityForMt AUTHORITY MT) means that AUTHORITY, either an #$IntelligentAgent or a #$InformationBearingThing, claims that the propositions asserted in MT are true. See also the related predicate, #$authorityFor.") (#$isa #$authorityForMt #$BinaryPredicate) (#$isa #$authorityForMt #$MicrotheoryPredicate) (#$comment #$AuthorizedAgreement "A specialization of #$Agreement. Each instance of #$Agreement is a generic agreement that is authorized by one of the agreeing parties (typically by the issuer of the document embodying the agreement). #$AuthorizedAgreements are generic in the sense that their authorizing agents are party to many similar agreements; for that reason, an #$AuthorizedAgreement is typically given a unique identification number. Notable positive examples include bank accounts, driver's licenses, and stock certificates.") (#$genls #$AuthorizedAgreement #$Agreement) (#$genls #$AuthorizedAgreement #$PropositionalInformationThing) (#$isa #$AuthorizedAgreement #$ObjectType) (#$comment #$AutoDealership "#$AutoDealership is a specialization of #$RetailStore, #$Business, and #$TransportationOrganization. Each instance of #$AutoDealership is an establishment (an organization located at one site) that sells automobiles and other types of road vehicles to consumers.") (#$genls #$AutoDealership #$Business) (#$genls #$AutoDealership #$Individual) (#$genls #$AutoDealership #$RetailStore) (#$genls #$AutoDealership #$TransportationOrganization) (#$isa #$AutoDealership #$ExistingObjectType) (#$comment #$Automobile "A specialization of #$RoadVehicle. Each instance of #$Automobile is a four-wheeled road vehicle designed for carrying about two to eight passengers. Notable specializations of #$Automobile include #$SportsCar, #$PickupTruck and #$Van. This collection does _not_ include motorcycles or tractor-trailers (since both motorcycles and tractor-trailers are not four-wheeled vehicles), nor does it include buses (since buses are designed to carry more passengers than instances of #$Automobile are designed to carry).") (#$disjointWith #$Automobile #$Motorcycle) (#$disjointWith #$Automobile #$Weapon) (#$genls #$Automobile #$HumanlyOccupiedSpatialObject) (#$genls #$Automobile #$Individual) (#$genls #$Automobile #$RoadVehicle) (#$genls #$Automobile #$SinglePurposeDevice) (#$isa #$Automobile #$ExistingObjectType) (#$isa #$Automobile #$ProductByGenericType) (#$isa #$Automobile #$RoadVehicleTypeByUse) (#$siblingDisjointExceptions #$Automobile #$Truck) (#$comment #$Autotroph "The collection of organisms capable of manufacturing organic nutrients from inorganic raw materials. Photosynthetic plants fall into this category, as do certain bacteria. See #$Photosynthesis-Generic. Cf. #$Heterotroph.") (#$disjointWith #$Autotroph #$Heterotroph) (#$genls #$Autotroph #$Individual) (#$genls #$Autotroph #$Organism-Whole) (#$isa #$Autotroph #$ExistingObjectType) (#$comment #$AuxInversionTemplateMt "This Mt holds templates which are designed to provide general coverage of subject-aux inversion constructions for English.") (#$genlMt #$AuxInversionTemplateMt #$AuxVerbTemplateMt) (#$genlMt #$AuxInversionTemplateMt #$BaseKB) (#$isa #$AuxInversionTemplateMt #$Microtheory) (#$isa #$AuxInversionTemplateMt #$TemplateParsingMicrotheory) (#$comment #$AuxVerbTemplateMt "This Mt holds templates for parsing: i) strings of auxillaries and modal verbs (incl. negation)--\"will not have been sleeping\"; ii) yes/no questions (aux-inversion)--\"Has Bob been skiing?\"; and iii) copular constructions--\"The box is on the table/open/a cardboard box\".") (#$genlMt #$AuxVerbTemplateMt #$BaseKB) (#$genlMt #$AuxVerbTemplateMt #$EnglishGrammarTemplateMt) (#$isa #$AuxVerbTemplateMt #$Microtheory) (#$isa #$AuxVerbTemplateMt #$TemplateParsingMicrotheory) (#$arg1Isa #$Average #$SetOrCollection) (#$arg2Isa #$Average #$UnaryFunction) (#$argIsa #$Average 1 #$SetOrCollection) (#$argIsa #$Average 1 #$SetOrCollection) (#$argIsa #$Average 2 #$UnaryFunction) (#$argIsa #$Average 2 #$UnaryFunction) (#$arity #$Average 2) (#$comment #$Average "Computes the average of the function values over all elements in the Set.") (#$isa #$Average #$BinaryFunction) (#$isa #$Average #$CoreConstant) (#$isa #$Average #$EvaluatableFunction) (#$isa #$Average #$NumericQuantifier) (#$resultIsa #$Average #$ScalarInterval) (#$resultIsa #$Average #$ScalarInterval) (#$arg1Format #$awareOf #$SetTheFormat) (#$arg1Isa #$awareOf #$Agent-Generic) (#$arg1Isa #$awareOf #$Agent-Generic) (#$arg2Format #$awareOf #$SetTheFormat) (#$arg2Isa #$awareOf #$Thing) (#$arg2Isa #$awareOf #$Thing) (#$argFormat #$awareOf 1 #$SetTheFormat) (#$argFormat #$awareOf 2 #$SetTheFormat) (#$argIsa #$awareOf 1 #$Agent-Generic) (#$argIsa #$awareOf 1 #$Agent-Generic) (#$argIsa #$awareOf 1 #$Agent-Generic) (#$argIsa #$awareOf 2 #$Thing) (#$argIsa #$awareOf 2 #$Thing) (#$argIsa #$awareOf 2 #$Thing) (#$arity #$awareOf 2) (#$comment #$awareOf "(#$awareOf AGENT THING) means that AGENT is aware of the (present or past) existence of THING. At minimum AGENT must have a belief pertaining to THING, one that could be expressed in the form `AGENT believes that X is ...', where `X' is an expression that refers to THING.") (#$isa #$awareOf #$BinaryPredicate) (#$isa #$awareOf #$CognitiveAwarenessPredicate) (#$isa #$awareOf #$ObjectPredicate) (#$arg1Format #$awareOfProp #$SetTheFormat) (#$arg1Isa #$awareOfProp #$IntelligentAgent) (#$arg1Isa #$awareOfProp #$IntelligentAgent) (#$arg2Format #$awareOfProp #$SetTheFormat) (#$arg2Isa #$awareOfProp #$ELSentence-Assertible) (#$arg2Isa #$awareOfProp #$ELSentence-Assertible) (#$argFormat #$awareOfProp 1 #$SetTheFormat) (#$argFormat #$awareOfProp 2 #$SetTheFormat) (#$argIsa #$awareOfProp 2 #$ELSentence-Assertible) (#$argIsa #$awareOfProp 2 #$ELSentence-Assertible) (#$argIsa #$awareOfProp 2 #$ELSentence-Assertible) (#$argIsa #$awareOfProp 1 #$IntelligentAgent) (#$argIsa #$awareOfProp 1 #$IntelligentAgent) (#$argIsa #$awareOfProp 1 #$IntelligentAgent) (#$arity #$awareOfProp 2) (#$comment #$awareOfProp "(#$awareOfProp AGENT PROP) means that AGENT is aware of the proposition, PROP, in some way. Maybe AGENT believes or disbelieves the proposition, is trying to decide on the truth of PROP, is aware that the truth of PROP is at issue, has a positive or negative interest in the proposition being or becoming true, or in some other way has considered PROP. Normally, a more specific predicate can be used. See #$hasOpinionAsToTruthOf (and its specializations) and #$interests-Prop (and its specializations).") (#$genlPreds #$awareOfProp #$awareOf) (#$isa #$awareOfProp #$PropositionalAttitudeSlot) (#$typedGenlPreds #$awareOfProp #$awareOf) (#$comment #$Awe "Emotion inspired by something which arouses one's deep respect, veneratioon and wonder. Implies a sense of being overwhelmed or overcome by great superiority or impressiveness.") (#$genls #$Awe #$Reverence) (#$isa #$Awe #$AtemporalNecessarilyEssentialCollectionType) (#$isa #$Awe #$FeelingType) (#$comment #$Axis "A specialization of #$Line-Straight-Directed. Each instance of #$Axis is a straight line about which a three-dimensional figure is oriented or rotates. The orientation is between specified sides or points of the object or according to the right-hand rule for a rotational axis. Examples include spatially localized objects, such as the Earth's axis of rotation, as well as abstract objects, such as the axis of rotation for some abstract three-dimensional figure.") (#$genls #$Axis #$Individual) (#$genls #$Axis #$Line) (#$genls #$Axis #$Linear-Straight) (#$isa #$Axis #$GenericShapeType) (#$arg1Isa #$AxisFn #$PartiallyTangible) (#$arg1Isa #$AxisFn #$PartiallyTangible) (#$arg2Genl #$AxisFn #$Side) (#$arg2Genl #$AxisFn #$Side) (#$arg2Isa #$AxisFn #$RegionType) (#$arg2Isa #$AxisFn #$RegionType) (#$arg3Genl #$AxisFn #$Side) (#$arg3Genl #$AxisFn #$Side) (#$arg3Isa #$AxisFn #$RegionType) (#$arg3Isa #$AxisFn #$RegionType) (#$argGenl #$AxisFn 2 #$Side) (#$argGenl #$AxisFn 2 #$Side) (#$argGenl #$AxisFn 2 #$Side) (#$argGenl #$AxisFn 3 #$Side) (#$argGenl #$AxisFn 3 #$Side) (#$argGenl #$AxisFn 3 #$Side) (#$argIsa #$AxisFn 1 #$PartiallyTangible) (#$argIsa #$AxisFn 1 #$PartiallyTangible) (#$argIsa #$AxisFn 1 #$PartiallyTangible) (#$argIsa #$AxisFn 2 #$RegionType) (#$argIsa #$AxisFn 2 #$RegionType) (#$argIsa #$AxisFn 2 #$RegionType) (#$argIsa #$AxisFn 3 #$RegionType) (#$argIsa #$AxisFn 3 #$RegionType) (#$argIsa #$AxisFn 3 #$RegionType) (#$arity #$AxisFn 3) (#$comment #$AxisFn "(#$AxisFn OBJ REGIONTYP1 REGIONTYP2) is a function that, applied to an individual object OBJ and two types of region of such an object, returns the axis through the object, determined by running the axis through the centers of the individual regions (of those types) of the object. Thus #$AxisFn is an #$IndividualDenotingFunction that returns a particular axis of an individual object. (#$AxisFn OBJ FROM-SIDE TO-SIDE) denotes a directional axis, pointing from FROM-SIDE to TO-SIDE of OBJ and extending through it. For example, (#$AxisFn `Chair37' #$BackSide #$FrontSide) would denote the back-to-front axis of Chair37. See also #$IntrinsicAxisOfObject. Note that resultant axis is straight, so that the #$AxisFn of a coiled hose from its female end to its male end would not be aligned with the hose.") (#$isa #$AxisFn #$IndividualDenotingFunction) (#$isa #$AxisFn #$ReifiableFunction) (#$isa #$AxisFn #$TernaryFunction) (#$resultIsa #$AxisFn #$Individual) (#$resultIsa #$AxisFn #$IntrinsicAxisOfObject) (#$arg1Isa #$axisOfRotation #$Movement-Rotation) (#$arg1Isa #$axisOfRotation #$Movement-Rotation) (#$arg2Isa #$axisOfRotation #$Axis) (#$arg2Isa #$axisOfRotation #$Axis) (#$argIsa #$axisOfRotation 2 #$Axis) (#$argIsa #$axisOfRotation 2 #$Axis) (#$argIsa #$axisOfRotation 2 #$Axis) (#$argIsa #$axisOfRotation 1 #$Movement-Rotation) (#$argIsa #$axisOfRotation 1 #$Movement-Rotation) (#$argIsa #$axisOfRotation 1 #$Movement-Rotation) (#$arity #$axisOfRotation 2) (#$comment #$axisOfRotation "(#$axisOfRotation ROT AXIS) means that in the #$Movement-Rotation ROT, the #$primaryObjectMoving rotates in a counterclockwise direction about AXIS (use the right hand rule i.e. point your thumb in the direction that AXIS points. Curl your fingers. The direction from your knuckles to your fingertips is the direction of rotation. A rotation in the opposite direction is simply an axis whose direction is 180 degrees away from AXIS. AXIS must spatially intersect some line segment between two points in the spatial extent of the #$primaryObjectMoving. That is, it must either spatially intersect the #$primaryObjectMoving or go through a 'hole' in it. Positive examples include the earth spinning on the axis between its poles, a tire spinning around an axis through the middle of the wheel on which it is installed, and a pendulum swinging on an axis through its endpoint. Negative examples include the movement of the earth orbiting around the sun and of a child swinging on a swing. Both of these are examples of translation, not rotation.") (#$genlPreds #$axisOfRotation #$spatiallyRelated) (#$isa #$axisOfRotation #$BinaryRolePredicate) (#$relationAllExists #$axisOfRotation #$Movement-Rotation #$Axis) (#$comment #$BabyTalk "This attribute applies to word senses of words or phrases typically used when talking to babies or young children.") (#$isa #$BabyTalk #$FormalityOfSpeech) (#$arg1Isa #$backchainDiscouraged #$Predicate) (#$argIsa #$backchainDiscouraged 1 #$Predicate) (#$argIsa #$backchainDiscouraged 1 #$Predicate) (#$arity #$backchainDiscouraged 1) (#$comment #$backchainDiscouraged "(#$backchainDiscouraged PREDICATE) means that rules that conclude PREDICATE are most likely not going to have to be used in order to prove literals involving PREDICATE. In other words, when performing inferences about literals involving PREDICATE, rules that conclude PREDICATE should be heuristically disfavored. See also #$backchainRequired, #$backchainEncouraged, and #$backchainForbidden.") (#$isa #$backchainDiscouraged #$CycInferenceHeuristicPredicate) (#$isa #$backchainDiscouraged #$DefaultMonotonicPredicate) (#$isa #$backchainDiscouraged #$UnaryPredicate) (#$negationPreds #$backchainDiscouraged #$backchainEncouraged) (#$completeExtentKnown #$backchainDiscouraged) (#$arg1Isa #$backchainEncouraged #$Predicate) (#$argIsa #$backchainEncouraged 1 #$Predicate) (#$argIsa #$backchainEncouraged 1 #$Predicate) (#$arity #$backchainEncouraged 1) (#$comment #$backchainEncouraged "(#$backchainEncouraged PREDICATE) means that rules that conclude PREDICATE are most likely going to have to be used in order to prove literals involving PREDICATE. In other words, when performing inferences about literals involving PREDICATE, rules that conclude PREDICATE should be heuristically favored. See also #$backchainRequired, #$backchainDiscouraged, and #$backchainForbidden.") (#$isa #$backchainEncouraged #$CycInferenceHeuristicPredicate) (#$isa #$backchainEncouraged #$DefaultMonotonicPredicate) (#$isa #$backchainEncouraged #$UnaryPredicate) (#$completeExtentKnown #$backchainEncouraged) (#$arg1Isa #$backchainForbidden #$Predicate) (#$argIsa #$backchainForbidden 1 #$Predicate) (#$argIsa #$backchainForbidden 1 #$Predicate) (#$arity #$backchainForbidden 1) (#$comment #$backchainForbidden "#$backchainForbidden is a predicate that allows users to cut down on the number of rules used to prove certain literals, and thus to increase the speed of inferences that involve proving those literals. (#$backchainForbidden PREDICATE) means that no rules containing a positive literal with PREDICATE as the arg0 (in other words, no #$implies assertions in which a literal with PREDICATE as the arg0 appears in the consequent) will be used when attempting to prove (non-negated) literals with PREDICATE as the arg0. Asserting (#$backchainForbidden PREDICATE) is useful when all (non-negated) literals with PREDICATE as the arg0 are expected to be solvable by lookup of ground atomic formulas (GAF's) already in the KB, and so rules won't be needed to prove them. However, asserting (#$backchainForbidden PREDICATE) is usually counter-productive in contexts where some literals with PREDICATE as the arg0 are expected to be proven via backchaining on rules containing a positive literal with PREDICATE as the arg0. See also the related predicates #$backchainRequired, #$backchainEncouraged, and #$backchainDiscouraged.") (#$genlPreds #$backchainForbidden #$backchainDiscouraged) (#$isa #$backchainForbidden #$CoreImplementationConstant) (#$isa #$backchainForbidden #$CycInferenceHeuristicPredicate) (#$isa #$backchainForbidden #$DefaultMonotonicPredicate) (#$isa #$backchainForbidden #$UnaryPredicate) (#$relationAll #$backchainForbidden #$GenericSpeechPartPredicate) (#$completeExtentKnown #$backchainForbidden) (#$arg1Isa #$backchainRequired #$Predicate) (#$argIsa #$backchainRequired 1 #$Predicate) (#$argIsa #$backchainRequired 1 #$Predicate) (#$arity #$backchainRequired 1) (#$comment #$backchainRequired "(#$backchainRequired PREDICATE) means that rules that conclude PREDICATE must be used in order to prove literals involving PREDICATE. In other words, when performing inferences, all literals involving PREDICATE must be eliminated using rules since there won't be any other way to prove them. See also #$backchainEncouraged, #$backchainDiscouraged, and #$backchainForbidden.") (#$genlPreds #$backchainRequired #$backchainEncouraged) (#$isa #$backchainRequired #$CoreImplementationConstant) (#$isa #$backchainRequired #$CycInferenceHeuristicPredicate) (#$isa #$backchainRequired #$DefaultMonotonicPredicate) (#$isa #$backchainRequired #$UnaryPredicate) (#$completeExtentKnown #$backchainRequired) (#$comment #$BackSide "The collection of all the entire back sides (as conventionally understood) of all objects that have distinct #$Sides, one of which faces in the backwards direction.") (#$genls #$BackSide #$Individual) (#$genls #$BackSide #$Side) (#$isa #$BackSide #$RegionType) (#$comment #$Backward-AssertionDirection "An instance of #$CycLAssertionDirection (q.v.). A CycL assertion that has the #$Backward-AssertionDirection can only be used in inferences that are carried out when a query is asked. This is the default direction for rule assertions. Contrast with #$Forward-AssertionDirection and #$Code-AssertionDirection. Also see #$assertionDirection.") (#$isa #$Backward-AssertionDirection #$CoreImplementationConstant) (#$isa #$Backward-AssertionDirection #$CycLAssertionDirection) (#$comment #$BacterialInfection "An instance of #$InfectionTypeByPathogenType, and a specialization of #$Infection. Each instance of #$BacterialInfection is an infection caused by bacteria (see the constant #$Bacterium). Notable specializations of #$BacterialInfection include #$AnthraxInfection, #$Diphtheria, #$Acne, and #$Leprosy.") (#$genls #$BacterialInfection #$Individual) (#$genls #$BacterialInfection #$Infection) (#$isa #$BacterialInfection #$InfectionTypeByPathogenType) (#$isa #$BacterialInfection #$PhysiologicalConditionType) (#$requiredArg1Pred #$BacterialInfection #$infectionCausedByOrganism) (#$comment #$BakingFood "A specialization of #$CookingFood. Each instance of #$BakingFood is an event during which which food is baked in an instance of #$RegularOven. After an event of #$BakingFood occurs, the food involved has been baked (see #$Baked).") (#$disjointWith #$BakingFood #$GrillingFood) (#$genls #$BakingFood #$CookingFood) (#$genls #$BakingFood #$HeatingProcess) (#$genls #$BakingFood #$Individual) (#$genls #$BakingFood #$PhysicalTransformationProcess) (#$isa #$BakingFood #$DefaultDisjointScriptType) (#$isa #$BakingFood #$TemporalObjectType) (#$comment #$BalconyLevelInAConstruction "#$BalconyLevelInAConstruction is a specialization of #$LevelOfAConstruction. Each instance of #$BalconyLevelInAConstruction is a balcony in the style of those overhanging levels sometimes found in churches, theatres, etc. Such balconies are often approximately one-third the size of the floor or level below them, and therefore can be considered legitimate levels themselves. They usually contain a mob of seats. Note that this collection does _not_ include the kind of balcony that protrudes from a window or door on an already existing level. See also #$AboveGroundLevelInAConstruction and #$BasementLevelInAConstruction.") (#$disjointWith #$BalconyLevelInAConstruction #$BasementLevelInAConstruction) (#$genls #$BalconyLevelInAConstruction #$Individual) (#$genls #$BalconyLevelInAConstruction #$LevelOfAConstruction) (#$isa #$BalconyLevelInAConstruction #$ExistingObjectType) (#$comment #$Balloon "#$Balloon is a specialization of #$Artifact-NonAgentive, #$BilateralObject, and #$PhysicalDevice. Each instance of #$Balloon is a physical device made from an elastic and flexible material and filled with gas or air. The #$Balloon tends to be light (sometimes lighter than air).") (#$genls #$Balloon #$Artifact-NonAgentive) (#$genls #$Balloon #$BilateralObject) (#$genls #$Balloon #$Individual) (#$genls #$Balloon #$PartiallyTangible) (#$genls #$Balloon #$PhysicalDevice) (#$isa #$Balloon #$ExistingObjectType) (#$isa #$Balloon #$ProductType) (#$comment #$Bangladesh "Country near the eastern end of the Indian subcontinent, separated from #$Nepal by a narrow corridor of #$India, and sharing part of its border with #$Burma. Considered a part of India's territory during the period of British colonial rule.") (#$isa #$Bangladesh #$Entity) (#$isa #$Bangladesh #$GeographicalAgent) (#$isa #$Bangladesh #$IndependentCountry) (#$isa #$Bangladesh #$Individual) (#$comment #$BankDebitCard "A specialization of #$Card and #$TenderObject. Each instance of #$BankDebitCard is a plastic card that enables the holder to access the #$BankAccount with which the card is associated. It is typically used to withdraw funds from the account. See also #$CreditCard.") (#$genls #$BankDebitCard #$Card) (#$genls #$BankDebitCard #$FreeSheet) (#$genls #$BankDebitCard #$IDDocument) (#$genls #$BankDebitCard #$Individual) (#$genls #$BankDebitCard #$TenderObject) (#$isa #$BankDebitCard #$ExistingObjectType) (#$isa #$BankDebitCard #$MoneyTenderType) (#$isa #$BankDebitCard #$TextualMaterialTypeByFunction) (#$comment #$Bartering "The collection of transactions between two #$Agents in which one #$Agent gives items or services to another #$Agent, and the other #$Agent gives items or services in return, and neither of the items or services is money, credit, or payment of money.") (#$disjointWith #$Bartering #$MonetaryExchangeOfUserRights) (#$genls #$Bartering #$ExchangeOfUserRights) (#$genls #$Bartering #$Individual) (#$genls #$Bartering #$Transaction) (#$isa #$Bartering #$DefaultDisjointScriptType) (#$isa #$Bartering #$TemporalObjectType) (#$requiredArg1Pred #$Bartering #$performedBy) (#$arg1Isa #$basedInRegion #$SocialBeing) (#$arg1Isa #$basedInRegion #$SocialBeing) (#$arg2Isa #$basedInRegion #$GeographicalRegion) (#$arg2Isa #$basedInRegion #$GeographicalRegion) (#$argIsa #$basedInRegion 2 #$GeographicalRegion) (#$argIsa #$basedInRegion 2 #$GeographicalRegion) (#$argIsa #$basedInRegion 2 #$GeographicalRegion) (#$argIsa #$basedInRegion 1 #$SocialBeing) (#$argIsa #$basedInRegion 1 #$SocialBeing) (#$argIsa #$basedInRegion 1 #$SocialBeing) (#$arity #$basedInRegion 2) (#$comment #$basedInRegion "(#$basedInRegion AGENT REGION) means that the #$Organization or #$Person, AGENT, operates out of the #$GeographicalRegion, REGION. A person based in a region normally resides in that region, even though that may not be the person's permanent residence. An #$Organization based in a region has its headquarters there. See #$hasHeadquartersInCountry.") (#$genlPreds #$basedInRegion #$operatesInRegion) (#$genlPreds #$basedInRegion #$permanentLocationOfObject) (#$isa #$basedInRegion #$IrreflexiveBinaryPredicate) (#$transitiveViaArgInverse #$basedInRegion #$geographicalSubRegions 2) (#$comment #$BaseKB "#$BaseKB is the most general #$Microtheory currently in use. Assertions in this context are `accessible' from any other #$Microtheory via the #$genlMt relation. In the partial order of microtheories, all microtheories have access to #$BaseKB. An assertion which is true here will by default be true in every context. The `content' of #$BaseKB consists of very general assertions which are expected to be usable in most or all applications of Cyc, as well as Cyc's most fundamental assertions that it uses in inference, and all completely universal, timeless truths.") (#$genlMt #$BaseKB #$BaseKB) (#$genlMt #$BaseKB #$UniversalVocabularyMt) (#$isa #$BaseKB #$BroadMicrotheory) (#$isa #$BaseKB #$CoreConstant) (#$isa #$BaseKB #$GeneralMicrotheory) (#$comment #$BasementLevelInAConstruction "#$BasementLevelInAConstruction is a specialization of #$LevelOfAConstruction. Each instance of #$BasementLevelInAConstruction is a level in a construction that is below ground level. See also #$AboveGroundLevelInAConstruction and #$BalconyLevelInAConstruction.") (#$genls #$BasementLevelInAConstruction #$Individual) (#$genls #$BasementLevelInAConstruction #$LevelOfAConstruction) (#$isa #$BasementLevelInAConstruction #$ExistingObjectType) (#$arg1Isa #$baseOfUnit #$UnitOfMeasureWithPrefix) (#$arg2Format #$baseOfUnit #$SingleEntry) (#$arg2Isa #$baseOfUnit #$UnitOfMeasureNoPrefix) (#$argFormat #$baseOfUnit 2 #$SingleEntry) (#$argIsa #$baseOfUnit 2 #$UnitOfMeasureNoPrefix) (#$argIsa #$baseOfUnit 2 #$UnitOfMeasureNoPrefix) (#$argIsa #$baseOfUnit 1 #$UnitOfMeasureWithPrefix) (#$argIsa #$baseOfUnit 1 #$UnitOfMeasureWithPrefix) (#$arity #$baseOfUnit 2) (#$comment #$baseOfUnit "(#$baseOfUnit PUN BUN) means that PUN is an instance of #$UnitOfMeasureWithPrefix that is formed by affixing an instance of #$MetricUnitPrefix to BUN.") (#$isa #$baseOfUnit #$BinaryPredicate) (#$isa #$baseOfUnit #$StrictlyFunctionalPredicate) (#$strictlyFunctionalInArgs #$baseOfUnit 2) (#$arg1Format #$baseSet #$SetTheFormat) (#$arg1Isa #$baseSet #$RelationalStructure) (#$arg2Format #$baseSet #$SingleEntry) (#$arg2Isa #$baseSet #$Set-Mathematical) (#$argFormat #$baseSet 1 #$SetTheFormat) (#$argFormat #$baseSet 2 #$SingleEntry) (#$argIsa #$baseSet 1 #$RelationalStructure) (#$argIsa #$baseSet 1 #$RelationalStructure) (#$argIsa #$baseSet 2 #$Set-Mathematical) (#$argIsa #$baseSet 2 #$Set-Mathematical) (#$arity #$baseSet 2) (#$comment #$baseSet "(#$baseSet STRUCTURE SET) means that SET is the base set of #$RelationalStructure STRUCTURE. That is, SET is the domain from which the individual elements of the structure are drawn. Although there may be several relations involved in the relational structure, they all relate members of the base set. As each relational structure has a unique base set, this predicate is functional.") (#$functionalInArgs #$baseSet 2) (#$isa #$baseSet #$IntangibleObjectPredicate) (#$isa #$baseSet #$IntangibleObjectRelatingPredicate) (#$isa #$baseSet #$StrictlyFunctionalSlot) (#$strictlyFunctionalInArgs #$baseSet 2) (#$arg1Isa #$basicPrice-Event #$Buying) (#$arg1Isa #$basicPrice-Event #$Buying) (#$arg1Isa #$basicPrice-Event #$Buying) (#$arg2Format #$basicPrice-Event #$IntervalEntry) (#$arg2Isa #$basicPrice-Event #$MonetaryValue) (#$arg2Isa #$basicPrice-Event #$MonetaryValue) (#$argFormat #$basicPrice-Event 2 #$IntervalEntry) (#$argIsa #$basicPrice-Event 1 #$Buying) (#$argIsa #$basicPrice-Event 1 #$Buying) (#$argIsa #$basicPrice-Event 1 #$Buying) (#$argIsa #$basicPrice-Event 1 #$Buying) (#$argIsa #$basicPrice-Event 2 #$MonetaryValue) (#$argIsa #$basicPrice-Event 2 #$MonetaryValue) (#$argIsa #$basicPrice-Event 2 #$MonetaryValue) (#$arity #$basicPrice-Event 2) (#$comment #$basicPrice-Event "(basicPrice-Event BUYING MONEY) means that the sum of the basic price of all the merchandise and services bought in the #$Buying event BUYING was the #$MonetaryValue MONEY. MONEY does not include tax or service charges -- for that, see #$totalCharge-Event. This predicate is not to be confused with #$basicPrice -- which relates _bought things_ (i.e. instances of #$TemporalThing) to their basic prices.") (#$functionalInArgs #$basicPrice-Event 2) (#$isa #$basicPrice-Event #$CostBreakdownSlot) (#$isa #$basicPrice-Event #$IntervalBasedQuantitySlot) (#$comment #$Battle "A specialization of #$HostileSocialAction. Each instance of #$Battle is an event in which two or more large groups of people meet and fight one another, each group seeking to vanquish (some of) the others. Instances of #$Battle are often conducted by instances of #$MilitaryOrganization (q.v.), and they may influence the outcomes of instances of #$WagingWar (q.v.). Each instance of #$Battle will have as sub-events at least two #$PhysicallyAttackingAnAgent events, in which one of the fighting groups attacks the other.") (#$genls #$Battle #$Fight-Physical) (#$genls #$Battle #$HostileSocialAction) (#$genls #$Battle #$Individual) (#$genls #$Battle #$PhysicalDestructionEvent) (#$isa #$Battle #$TemporalObjectType) (#$subEventTypes #$Battle #$PhysicallyAttackingAnAgent) (#$argIsa #$Baud 0 #$SubLRealNumber) (#$argsIsa #$Baud #$SubLRealNumber) (#$argsIsa #$Baud #$SubLRealNumber) (#$argsIsa #$Baud #$SubLRealNumber) (#$arityMax #$Baud 2) (#$arityMax #$Baud 2) (#$arityMin #$Baud 1) (#$arityMin #$Baud 1) (#$comment #$Baud "A function and an instance of #$UnitOfBandwidth, used to represent a standard unit of computer data transmission speed -- approximately one bit per second. Sometimes also referred to as BPS or \"bits per second\". Like all instances of #$UnitOfMeasure, its #$arity is variable between one and two, and its arguments must be instances of #$SubLRealNumber. If a single instance of #$SubLRealNumber is put in the argument position to this function, it returns a quantity of bits per second (which is an instance of #$Bandwidth). If two #$SubLRealNumbers are put in the argument position, it returns an interval (which is also an instance of #$Bandwidth).") (#$isa #$Baud #$StandardUnitOfMeasure) (#$isa #$Baud #$UnitOfBandwidth) (#$isa #$Baud #$UnitOfMeasureNoPrefix) (#$resultIsa #$Baud #$PhysicalQuantity) (#$resultIsa #$Baud #$PhysicalQuantity) (#$resultIsa #$Baud #$ScalarInterval) (#$resultIsa #$Baud #$ScalarInterval) (#$comment #$BayesDiscreteOutcome "The type collection of all Bayesian Network variable Outcomes intended for probability reasoning. Instances of #$BayesDiscreteOutcomes are collections that characterize a possible outcome state of a #$BayesVariable.") (#$genls #$BayesDiscreteOutcome #$Collection) (#$isa #$BayesDiscreteOutcome #$CollectionType) (#$isa #$BayesDiscreteOutcome #$ProbabilisticCycLConstant) (#$sharedNotes #$BayesDiscreteOutcome #$NoteOnProbability) (#$comment #$BayesNet "The collection of all Bayesian Networks intended for probability reasoning. A #$BayesNet is a network of nodes in which the nodes are random variables that each typically represent the likelihood of a proposition being true (expressed as a real number between zero and one, where zero means certainly false and one means certainly true). See #$bayesNetOfMicrotheory. Each #$BayesNet interconnects a set of propositions (or symbols associated with propositions) together forming a #$DirectedAcyclicGraph in which the links (the #$bayesParent link) represent a probabilistic conditional dependence between the directly linked nodes. Such a network may be established by asserting (or concluding) #$bayesParent predications linking pairs of propositions. There is a 'closed-world assumption' for every #$BayesNet, in that pairs of propositions not explicitly linked with #$bayesParent are assumed to be not linked. In addition, a node is #$conditionallyIndependent-Given the truth values of its #$bayesParents (and no other nodes) - from all nodes other than its 'descendants' in the #$BayesNet. A #$BayesNet is a representation of the entire (strictly positive) joint probability distribution over the random variables. The #$derivedProbability of a node can be calculated from the probabilities of its #$bayesParents. (There are always one or more 'source' nodes with no #$bayesParents.) Theoretically, viewed as evidential links based on the joint probability distribution, the #$bayesParent links are bidirectional. The direction of the links is obtained formally due to an asymmetry between 'parents' and 'children': the truth of a node induces a conditional dependence among its #$bayesParents (the 'explaining away' effect), which does not seem to apply to its Bayesian 'child' nodes. Most Bayesian network theorists consider that the directions on the links correspond to the direction of causal influence, and hence to the direction of time. The name 'Bayesian' is due to the Reverend Thomas Bayes, whose inversion rule was published posthumously in 1763, and later developed by Laplace. Bayesian Networks were devised chiefly by Judea Pearl in the 1980s.") (#$genls #$BayesNet #$DirectedAcyclicGraph) (#$genls #$BayesNet #$DirectedMultigraph) (#$genls #$BayesNet #$Individual) (#$isa #$BayesNet #$Collection) (#$isa #$BayesNet #$ProbabilisticCycLConstant) (#$sharedNotes #$BayesNet #$NoteOnProbability) (#$arg1Isa #$bayesNetOfMicrotheory #$BayesNet) (#$arg2Format #$bayesNetOfMicrotheory #$SingleEntry) (#$arg2Isa #$bayesNetOfMicrotheory #$Microtheory) (#$argFormat #$bayesNetOfMicrotheory 2 #$SingleEntry) (#$argIsa #$bayesNetOfMicrotheory 1 #$BayesNet) (#$argIsa #$bayesNetOfMicrotheory 1 #$BayesNet) (#$argIsa #$bayesNetOfMicrotheory 2 #$Microtheory) (#$argIsa #$bayesNetOfMicrotheory 2 #$Microtheory) (#$arity #$bayesNetOfMicrotheory 2) (#$comment #$bayesNetOfMicrotheory "A predicate used for probability reasoning using 'Bayesian Networks'. (#$bayesNetOfMicrotheory BNET MT) means that the #$BayesNet BNET has been created for the #$Microtheory MT. This means that all of the nodes in BNET are propositions (Cyc formulae) that are asserted in MT, and are linked to one another by #$bayesParent assertions in the same MT. This predicate associates the network, a #$DirectedAcyclicGraph, with the microtheory. For every #$BayesNet there is exactly one #$Microtheory with which it is associated, but (at present) one #$Microtheory may have multiple #$BayesNets associated with it. Some, but possibly not all, of the #$CycLAssertions in the #$Microtheory will be nodes in the #$BayesNet.") (#$isa #$bayesNetOfMicrotheory #$AntiTransitiveBinaryPredicate) (#$isa #$bayesNetOfMicrotheory #$AntiTransitiveBinaryPredicate) (#$isa #$bayesNetOfMicrotheory #$ProbabilisticCycLConstant) (#$isa #$bayesNetOfMicrotheory #$StrictlyFunctionalSlot) (#$strictlyFunctionalInArgs #$bayesNetOfMicrotheory 2) (#$arg1Isa #$bayesParent #$BayesVariable) (#$arg2Isa #$bayesParent #$BayesVariable) (#$arg3Isa #$bayesParent #$BayesNet) (#$argIsa #$bayesParent 3 #$BayesNet) (#$argIsa #$bayesParent 3 #$BayesNet) (#$argIsa #$bayesParent 1 #$BayesVariable) (#$argIsa #$bayesParent 1 #$BayesVariable) (#$argIsa #$bayesParent 2 #$BayesVariable) (#$argIsa #$bayesParent 2 #$BayesVariable) (#$arity #$bayesParent 3) (#$comment #$bayesParent "A predicate used for probability statements. (#$bayesParent BAYES-VARIABLE1 BAYES-VARIABLE2 BAYESNET) means that the #$BayesDiscreteOutcome associated with BAYES-VARIABLE2 influences the #$BayesDiscreteOutcome associated with BAYES-VARIABLE1, and that BAYES-VARIABLE2 is an immediate 'parent node' of the BAYES-VARIABLE1 node in the Bayesian Network BAYESNET representing probabilistic influence in the applicable #$Microtheory. That is, the second bayes variable is a direct parent of the first in the #$BayesNet. Note that BAYES-VARIABLE1/outcome and BAYES-VARIABLE2/outcome cannot be #$conditionallyIndependent in the #$Microtheory if one is a #$bayesParent of the other. Given the outcomes of all of a node's #$bayesParent nodes, then all of its further ancestor nodes and other non-descendant nodes are #$conditionallyIndependent of it in the applicable #$Microtheory. To relate a node to the set of all of its parent nodes, use #$bayesParentSet. The direction is obtained from the conditional dependence --- given the outcome of a node --- among its #$bayesParents (the 'explaining away' effect), which does not seem to apply among its Bayesian 'child' nodes. Many Bayesian network theorists consider that the directions on the links correspond to the direction of causal influence, and hence to the direction of time. ") (#$genlPreds #$bayesParent #$connectedInSystem) (#$isa #$bayesParent #$ProbabilisticCycLConstant) (#$isa #$bayesParent #$TernaryPredicate) (#$sharedNotes #$bayesParent #$NoteOnProbability) (#$arg1Isa #$bayesParentSet #$BayesDiscreteOutcome) (#$arg2Isa #$bayesParentSet #$Set-Mathematical) (#$arg3Isa #$bayesParentSet #$BayesNet) (#$argIsa #$bayesParentSet 1 #$BayesDiscreteOutcome) (#$argIsa #$bayesParentSet 1 #$BayesDiscreteOutcome) (#$argIsa #$bayesParentSet 3 #$BayesNet) (#$argIsa #$bayesParentSet 3 #$BayesNet) (#$argIsa #$bayesParentSet 2 #$Set-Mathematical) (#$argIsa #$bayesParentSet 2 #$Set-Mathematical) (#$arity #$bayesParentSet 3) (#$comment #$bayesParentSet "A predicate used for probability statements. (#$bayesParentSet BAYESVARIABLE SETOFBAYESVARIABLES BAYESNET) means that the #$BayesDiscreteOutcome associated with each bayes variable in the set SETOFBAYESVARIABLES influences the #$BayesDiscreteOutcome associated with BAYESVARIABLE, and that each member of SETOFBAYESVARIABLES is an immediate 'parent node' of the BAYESVARIABLE node in the Bayesian Network BAYESNET representing probabilistic influence in the applicable #$Microtheory. That is, each #$BayesVariable in SETOFBAYESVARIABLES is a direct parent of BAYESVARIABLE in the #$BayesNet. Note that BAYESVARIABLE and any #$BayesVariable in SETOFBAYESVARIABLES cannot be #$conditionallyIndependent in the #$Microtheory since one is a #$bayesParent of the other. Given the outcome associations of all the members of SETOFBAYESVARIABLES (#$bayesParent nodes), then all of BAYESVARIABLE's further ancestor nodes and other non-descendant nodes are #$conditionallyIndependent of it in the applicable #$Microtheory. To relate a node to a single one of its parent nodes, rather than the whole set, use #$bayesParent.") (#$isa #$bayesParentSet #$ProbabilisticCycLConstant) (#$isa #$bayesParentSet #$TernaryPredicate) (#$sharedNotes #$bayesParentSet #$NoteOnProbability) (#$comment #$BayesVariable "The collection of all Bayesian Network Variables intended for probability reasoning. #$BayesVariables are random variables that each typically represent the likelihood of a proposition being true (expressed as a real number between zero and one, where zero means certainly false and one means certainly true). See #$BayesNet.") (#$isa #$BayesVariable #$Collection) (#$isa #$BayesVariable #$ProbabilisticCycLConstant) (#$sharedNotes #$BayesVariable #$NoteOnProbability) (#$arg1Format #$behaviorCapable #$SetTheFormat) (#$arg1Isa #$behaviorCapable #$SomethingExisting) (#$arg2Format #$behaviorCapable #$SetTheFormat) (#$arg2Genl #$behaviorCapable #$Situation-Temporal) (#$arg2Isa #$behaviorCapable #$FirstOrderCollection) (#$arg3Format #$behaviorCapable #$SetTheFormat) (#$arg3Isa #$behaviorCapable #$BinaryRolePredicate) (#$argFormat #$behaviorCapable 1 #$SetTheFormat) (#$argFormat #$behaviorCapable 2 #$SetTheFormat) (#$argFormat #$behaviorCapable 3 #$SetTheFormat) (#$argGenl #$behaviorCapable 2 #$Situation-Temporal) (#$argGenl #$behaviorCapable 2 #$Situation-Temporal) (#$argIsa #$behaviorCapable 3 #$BinaryRolePredicate) (#$argIsa #$behaviorCapable 3 #$BinaryRolePredicate) (#$argIsa #$behaviorCapable 2 #$FirstOrderCollection) (#$argIsa #$behaviorCapable 2 #$FirstOrderCollection) (#$argIsa #$behaviorCapable 1 #$SomethingExisting) (#$argIsa #$behaviorCapable 1 #$SomethingExisting) (#$arity #$behaviorCapable 3) (#$comment #$behaviorCapable "The predicate #$behaviorCapable is used to indicate that an object (an instance of #$SomethingExisting) can play a role (an instance of #$BinaryRolePredicate) in a type of situation (a specialization of #$Situation-Temporal). (#$behaviorCapable OBJ SIT-TYPE ROLE) means that OBJ is able to play ROLE in a situation of type SIT-TYPE. Note that OBJ may or may not have been designed to function in that way (see the specializations of #$behaviorCapable, #$primaryFunction and #$intendedBehaviorCapable). Moreover, #$behaviorCapable does not imply that OBJ can unquestionably act in that way in every such situation, since extrinsic factors may prevent it from doing so; for example, if OBJ is a tool, it may be in the wrong location or operated by a person lacking the requisite skills. Examples: (intended capability) a hammer is #$behaviorCapable of being the #$deviceUsed in instances of #$HammeringANail; (unintended capability) an inner tube is capable of being the #$deviceUsed in instances of people #$FloatingInLiquid.") (#$isa #$behaviorCapable #$CapabilityPredicate-InstanceLevel) (#$isa #$behaviorCapable #$IndividualLevelPredicate) (#$isa #$behaviorCapable #$SituationTypeTernaryPredicate) (#$isa #$behaviorCapable #$TernaryPredicate) (#$arg1Isa #$behind-Directly #$SpatialThing-Localized) (#$arg1Isa #$behind-Directly #$SpatialThing-Localized) (#$arg2Isa #$behind-Directly #$PartiallyTangible) (#$arg2Isa #$behind-Directly #$PartiallyTangible) (#$argIsa #$behind-Directly 2 #$PartiallyTangible) (#$argIsa #$behind-Directly 2 #$PartiallyTangible) (#$argIsa #$behind-Directly 2 #$PartiallyTangible) (#$argIsa #$behind-Directly 1 #$SpatialThing-Localized) (#$argIsa #$behind-Directly 1 #$SpatialThing-Localized) (#$argIsa #$behind-Directly 1 #$SpatialThing-Localized) (#$arity #$behind-Directly 2) (#$comment #$behind-Directly "(#$behind-Directly AFT FORE) means that AFT is directly behind tangible object FORE. More precisely, it implies both (#$behind-Generally AFT FORE) and that there is at least one line parallel to the backward pointing axis of FORE that intersects both AFT and FORE. Note that FORE must have a back side. AFT may be intangible, such as an image projected behind an actor on a stage.") (#$genlPreds #$behind-Directly #$behind-Generally) (#$isa #$behind-Directly #$IrreflexiveBinaryPredicate) (#$isa #$behind-Directly #$SpatialPredicate) (#$arg1Isa #$behind-Generally #$SpatialThing-Localized) (#$arg1Isa #$behind-Generally #$SpatialThing-Localized) (#$arg2Isa #$behind-Generally #$PartiallyTangible) (#$arg2Isa #$behind-Generally #$PartiallyTangible) (#$argIsa #$behind-Generally 2 #$PartiallyTangible) (#$argIsa #$behind-Generally 2 #$PartiallyTangible) (#$argIsa #$behind-Generally 2 #$PartiallyTangible) (#$argIsa #$behind-Generally 1 #$SpatialThing-Localized) (#$argIsa #$behind-Generally 1 #$SpatialThing-Localized) (#$argIsa #$behind-Generally 1 #$SpatialThing-Localized) (#$arity #$behind-Generally 2) (#$comment #$behind-Generally "(#$behind-Generally AFT FORE) means that AFT is behind FORE. More precisely, a line originating at the center of FORE projecting away from the front side of FORE and parallel to the intrinsic front-to-back axis of FORE forms an angle of less than 45 degrees with a line intersecting both AFT and FORE. AFT may be intangible.") (#$genlPreds #$behind-Generally #$near) (#$genlPreds #$behind-Generally #$temporallyIntersects) (#$isa #$behind-Generally #$IrreflexiveBinaryPredicate) (#$isa #$behind-Generally #$SpatialPredicate) (#$comment #$Belgium "An instance of #$IndependentCountry. #$Belgium is a small country in northwestern Europe, bounded on the northwest by the #$NorthSea, on the north by the #$Netherlands, on the east by #$Germany, on the southeast by #$Luxembourg, and on the west by #$France.") (#$isa #$Belgium #$Entity) (#$isa #$Belgium #$IndependentCountry) (#$isa #$Belgium #$Individual) (#$isa #$Belgium #$IndustrializedCountry) (#$isa #$Belgium #$IndustrializedCountry) (#$arg1Format #$beliefs #$SetTheFormat) (#$arg1Isa #$beliefs #$IntelligentAgent) (#$arg2Format #$beliefs #$SetTheFormat) (#$arg2Isa #$beliefs #$ELSentence-Assertible) (#$arg2Isa #$beliefs #$ELSentence-Assertible) (#$argFormat #$beliefs 1 #$SetTheFormat) (#$argFormat #$beliefs 2 #$SetTheFormat) (#$argIsa #$beliefs 2 #$ELSentence-Assertible) (#$argIsa #$beliefs 2 #$ELSentence-Assertible) (#$argIsa #$beliefs 2 #$ELSentence-Assertible) (#$argIsa #$beliefs 1 #$IntelligentAgent) (#$argIsa #$beliefs 1 #$IntelligentAgent) (#$arity #$beliefs 2) (#$comment #$beliefs "(#$beliefs AGENT SENT) means that the #$Agent AGENT subscribes to the truth of the proposition PROP expressed by SENT (an #$ELSentence-Assertible). Note that PROP might or might not actually be true. See also the predicate #$beliefStatements, which relates a belief to a #$BeliefSystem.") (#$genlPreds #$beliefs #$hasOpinionAsToTruthOf) (#$genlPreds #$beliefs #$thinksProbable) (#$isa #$beliefs #$BinaryPredicate) (#$isa #$beliefs #$PropositionalAttitudeSlot) (#$arg1Format #$beliefStatements #$SetTheFormat) (#$arg1Isa #$beliefStatements #$BeliefSystem) (#$arg2Format #$beliefStatements #$SetTheFormat) (#$arg2Isa #$beliefStatements #$ELSentence-Assertible) (#$argFormat #$beliefStatements 1 #$SetTheFormat) (#$argFormat #$beliefStatements 2 #$SetTheFormat) (#$argIsa #$beliefStatements 1 #$BeliefSystem) (#$argIsa #$beliefStatements 1 #$BeliefSystem) (#$argIsa #$beliefStatements 2 #$ELSentence-Assertible) (#$argIsa #$beliefStatements 2 #$ELSentence-Assertible) (#$arity #$beliefStatements 2) (#$comment #$beliefStatements "(#$beliefStatements SYSTEM BELIEF) means that the belief expressed by the #$ELSentence-Assertible BELIEF is part of the #$BeliefSystem SYSTEM. Note that #$BeliefSystems -- ideologies in terms of which agents make sense of the world -- are instances of #$AbstractInformationalThing (q.v.). In order to relate a belief to an actual #$Agent who believes it, see the predicate #$beliefs.") (#$isa #$beliefStatements #$BinaryPredicate) (#$isa #$beliefStatements #$IntangibleObjectPredicate) (#$isa #$beliefStatements #$IntangibleObjectRelatingPredicate) (#$comment #$BeliefSystem "A specialization of #$AbstractInformationalThing. Each instance of #$BeliefSystem is an ideology (systems of belief) in terms of which an agent characterizes (i.e., makes sense of) the world. Instances of #$BeliefSystem include: #$VegetarianBeliefs, #$GermanNaziIdeology, #$RepublicanPartyIdeology, #$CommunistIdeology, #$PacifistIdeology, #$Atheism, etc. See also #$ClassificationSystem.") (#$disjointWith #$BeliefSystem #$Agent-Generic) (#$disjointWith #$BeliefSystem #$CommunicationConvention) (#$disjointWith #$BeliefSystem #$ComputerFile-Abstract) (#$disjointWith #$BeliefSystem #$DevisedPracticeOrWork) (#$disjointWith #$BeliefSystem #$StructuredInformationSource) (#$genls #$BeliefSystem #$AbstractInformationalThing) (#$genls #$BeliefSystem #$Individual) (#$genls #$BeliefSystem #$TemporalThing) (#$isa #$BeliefSystem #$BeliefSystemType) (#$isa #$BeliefSystem #$FirstOrderCollection) (#$comment #$BeliefSystemType "The collection of all the kinds of #$BeliefSystems -- religious, philosophical, political, ethical, cultural, and scientific. Some elements of this collection include #$Religion, #$PhilosophyBeliefs, etc. The most general member of this set is #$BeliefSystems (qv).") (#$disjointWith #$BeliefSystemType #$ExistingStuffType) (#$disjointWith #$BeliefSystemType #$PersonTypeByCulture) (#$disjointWith #$BeliefSystemType #$PersonTypeByPositionInOrg) (#$disjointWith #$BeliefSystemType #$PhysiologicalConditionType) (#$disjointWith #$BeliefSystemType #$ShapeType) (#$genls #$BeliefSystemType #$FirstOrderCollection) (#$isa #$BeliefSystemType #$CollectionType) (#$isa #$BeliefSystemType #$CollectionType) (#$isa #$BeliefSystemType #$SecondOrderCollection) (#$typeGenls #$BeliefSystemType #$BeliefSystem) (#$comment #$Belligerence "Hostility. Aggressive and unfriendly attitude or disposition. Enmity. Ill will; positive hatred") (#$genls #$Belligerence #$Anger) (#$genls #$Belligerence #$Contempt) (#$isa #$Belligerence #$AtemporalNecessarilyEssentialCollectionType) (#$isa #$Belligerence #$FeelingType) (#$arg1Isa #$beneficiary #$Event) (#$arg1Isa #$beneficiary #$Event) (#$arg2Format #$beneficiary #$SetTheFormat) (#$arg2Isa #$beneficiary #$Agent) (#$arg2Isa #$beneficiary #$Agent) (#$argFormat #$beneficiary 2 #$SetTheFormat) (#$argIsa #$beneficiary 2 #$Agent) (#$argIsa #$beneficiary 2 #$Agent) (#$argIsa #$beneficiary 2 #$Agent) (#$argIsa #$beneficiary 1 #$Event) (#$argIsa #$beneficiary 1 #$Event) (#$argIsa #$beneficiary 1 #$Event) (#$arity #$beneficiary 2) (#$comment #$beneficiary "(#$beneficiary ACT AGT) means that the #$Agent AGT benefits from the performance of the action ACT. Some desire or interest of AGT is served, enabled, helped, or satisfied by the performance of ACT.") (#$genlInverse #$beneficiary #$positiveVestedInterest) (#$genlPreds #$beneficiary #$actors) (#$isa #$beneficiary #$ActorSlot) (#$relationAllExists #$beneficiary #$HelpingAnAgent #$Agent) (#$minimizeExtent #$beneficiary) (#$comment #$BengaliLanguage "An instance of #$LivingLanguage. #$BengaliLanguage is an Indo-Aryan language spoken by persons in Bangladesh and India.") (#$isa #$BengaliLanguage #$Individual) (#$isa #$BengaliLanguage #$LivingLanguage) (#$isa #$BengaliLanguage #$NaturalLanguage) (#$arg1Isa #$between #$SpatialThing) (#$arg1Isa #$between #$SpatialThing) (#$arg2Isa #$between #$SpatialThing) (#$arg2Isa #$between #$SpatialThing) (#$arg3Isa #$between #$SpatialThing) (#$arg3Isa #$between #$SpatialThing) (#$argIsa #$between 1 #$SpatialThing) (#$argIsa #$between 1 #$SpatialThing) (#$argIsa #$between 2 #$SpatialThing) (#$argIsa #$between 2 #$SpatialThing) (#$argIsa #$between 3 #$SpatialThing) (#$argIsa #$between 3 #$SpatialThing) (#$arity #$between 3) (#$comment #$between "(#$between THIS THAT MID-OBJ) means that MID-OBJ is spatially directly between THIS and THAT. Depending on the context, MID-OBJ may lie on a great circle between THIS and THAT, or on a true Euclidian straight line between them. Note that #$between applies only to physical location. To describe a relationship involving numbers or #$ScalarIntervals, use #$greaterThan or #$followingValue. To describe a 'between' relationship along some particular physical path (like: Austin is between Dallas and San Antonio on Highway I-35), or on some trajectory, see #$betweenOnPath.") (#$isa #$between #$SpatialPredicate) (#$isa #$between #$TernaryPredicate) (#$arg1Isa #$betweenOnPath #$Thing) (#$arg1Isa #$betweenOnPath #$Thing) (#$arg2Isa #$betweenOnPath #$Thing) (#$arg2Isa #$betweenOnPath #$Thing) (#$arg3Isa #$betweenOnPath #$Thing) (#$arg3Isa #$betweenOnPath #$Thing) (#$arg4Isa #$betweenOnPath #$Path-Simple) (#$arg4Isa #$betweenOnPath #$Path-Simple) (#$argIsa #$betweenOnPath 4 #$Path-Simple) (#$argIsa #$betweenOnPath 4 #$Path-Simple) (#$argIsa #$betweenOnPath 4 #$Path-Simple) (#$argIsa #$betweenOnPath 1 #$Thing) (#$argIsa #$betweenOnPath 1 #$Thing) (#$argIsa #$betweenOnPath 1 #$Thing) (#$argIsa #$betweenOnPath 2 #$Thing) (#$argIsa #$betweenOnPath 2 #$Thing) (#$argIsa #$betweenOnPath 2 #$Thing) (#$argIsa #$betweenOnPath 3 #$Thing) (#$argIsa #$betweenOnPath 3 #$Thing) (#$argIsa #$betweenOnPath 3 #$Thing) (#$arity #$betweenOnPath 4) (#$comment #$betweenOnPath "(#$betweenOnPath X Y Z PATH) means that X, Y and Z are points on the path PATH and X is between Y and Z. Note that this gives no ordering of Y and Z; it just claims that X is between them. Note: Given a #$Path-Customary PATH and points or places on PATH, #$betweenOnPath does not always determine a linear order (#$TotalOrdering) on the set of all points on PATH when PATH is not part of a specified #$PathSystem (since one thing on such a path -- #$onPath PATH -- may be part of another). However, in a specified #$PathSystem SYS, #$betweenOnPath does determine a linear order on the set of all points on PATH in SYS.") (#$isa #$betweenOnPath #$CustomaryPathCycLConstant) (#$isa #$betweenOnPath #$QuaternaryPredicate) (#$arg1Isa #$biases #$IntelligentAgent) (#$arg2Format #$biases #$SetTheFormat) (#$arg2Isa #$biases #$ELSentence-Assertible) (#$argFormat #$biases 2 #$SetTheFormat) (#$argIsa #$biases 2 #$ELSentence-Assertible) (#$argIsa #$biases 2 #$ELSentence-Assertible) (#$argIsa #$biases 1 #$IntelligentAgent) (#$argIsa #$biases 1 #$IntelligentAgent) (#$arity #$biases 2) (#$comment #$biases "(#$biases AGT PROP) means that the #$Agent AGT has the unsubstantiated belief PROP (represented by a #$ELSentence-Assertible). Biases generally are so deeply rooted in the agent that the agent may not be consciously aware that PROP is rationally undersupported, and it may be concomittantly harder to change their mind about PROP. Note: PROP might or might not turn out to be true (in various contexts); often, PROP is some overgeneralization which is sometimes true but often false, or which once was true but now is usually false, etc.") (#$genlPreds #$biases #$opinions) (#$isa #$biases #$BinaryPredicate) (#$isa #$biases #$PropositionalAttitudeSlot) (#$comment #$Bicycle "#$Bicycle is a specialization of #$WheeledTransportationDevice, #$MountableTransporter, #$Device-UserPowered, and #$Device-UserControlled. Each instance of #$Bicycle is a personal wheeled transport device powered by human peddling. Most bicycles have two main wheels arranged in-line, but some tandem bicycles have more than two wheels.") (#$disjointWith #$Bicycle #$Wagon) (#$genls #$Bicycle #$Device-UserControlled) (#$genls #$Bicycle #$Device-UserPowered) (#$genls #$Bicycle #$Individual) (#$genls #$Bicycle #$MountableTransporter) (#$genls #$Bicycle #$PartiallyTangibleProduct) (#$genls #$Bicycle #$WheeledTransportationDevice) (#$isa #$Bicycle #$ExistingObjectType) (#$isa #$Bicycle #$ProductByGenericType) (#$isa #$Bicycle #$ProductType) (#$comment #$BidirectedPathSystem "An instance of #$PathSystemType-Structural and a specialization of #$Semi-DirectedPathSystem. Each instance of #$BidirectedPathSystem is such that every link in it has two directions (see #$linkFromToInSystem).") (#$disjointWith #$BidirectedPathSystem #$DirectedPathSystem) (#$genls #$BidirectedPathSystem #$Semi-DirectedPathSystem) (#$genls #$BidirectedPathSystem #$Thing) (#$isa #$BidirectedPathSystem #$Collection) (#$isa #$BidirectedPathSystem #$PathSystemCycLConstant) (#$isa #$BidirectedPathSystem #$PathSystemType-Structural) (#$comment #$BilaterallySymmetricObject "A specialization of #$SpatialThing. Each instance of #$BilaterallySymmetricObject is an object which is symmetric on both sides of a bisecting axis.") (#$genls #$BilaterallySymmetricObject #$Individual) (#$genls #$BilaterallySymmetricObject #$SpatialThing) (#$isa #$BilaterallySymmetricObject #$ExistingObjectType) (#$comment #$BilateralObject "A #$BilateralObject is an object that has an intrinsic front and back, or an intrinsic bottom and top, or an intrinsic left and right. The 'or's' are of course inclusive. See also the comments for #$FrontAndBackSidedObject, #$LeftAndRightSidedObject, #$TopAndBottomSidedObject, #$HexalateralObject A perfectly smooth ball bearing is a negative exemplar of a #$BilateralObject. On the other hand a ball bearing with a dot painted on one side, could be considered to have a well defined front if, for example, the dotted were designated as the front side (see also #$NoteAboutSidedObject).") (#$genls #$BilateralObject #$Individual) (#$genls #$BilateralObject #$TwoOrHigherDimensionalThing) (#$isa #$BilateralObject #$ExistingObjectType) (#$comment #$BillingLocation "A specialization of #$MailingLocation. Each instance of #$BillingLocation is a location to which invoices are sent. For most private individuals, their billing location is their home address.") (#$genls #$BillingLocation #$Individual) (#$genls #$BillingLocation #$MailingLocation) (#$isa #$BillingLocation #$ContactLocationType) (#$isa #$BillingLocation #$ExistingObjectType) (#$comment #$Bill-PaymentRequest "A specialization of #$TextualMaterial. Each instance of #$Bill-PaymentRequest is a written notification of a demand or request made by a creditor (or its agent) to a debtor, for payment of a debt (see #$PaymentObligation) previously incurred for some loan, goods, or services. Instances of #$Bill-PaymentRequest include telephone bills, tax bills, department store bills, cleaning bills, and fuel bills. Note that this collection includes only actual physical copies of bills -- for the information contained in a given bill (which might be reproduced in more than one physical copy of it), see #$Bill-PaymentRequest-PIT. Nor is this mere piece of paper to be construed as the actual request (or demand) for money (for which see collections such as #$Requesting-CommunicationAct). See also the predicate #$owesDebts.") (#$genls #$Bill-PaymentRequest #$Individual) (#$genls #$Bill-PaymentRequest #$TextualMaterial) (#$isa #$Bill-PaymentRequest #$ExistingObjectType) (#$isa #$Bill-PaymentRequest #$TextualMaterialTypeByFunction) (#$comment #$BinaryAttributePredicate "The subcollection of #$BinaryPredicates that relate attributes to things that have them or are perceived as having them. More formally, PRED is an instance of this collection if (#$arg2Isa PRED ATT-VAL-SPEC) holds for some subcollection ATT-VAL-SPEC of #$AttributeValue, and the attributes represented by instances of ATT-VAL-SPEC are related by PRED to some thing or things having this attribute or perceived as having it. For example, #$colorHasChroma is an instance of this collection since (#$arg2Isa #$colorHasChroma #$MunsellChroma) holds, #$MunsellChroma is a specialization of #$AttributeValue and #$colorHasChroma relates instances of #$MunsellChroma to instances of #$Color. #$genlAttributes is *not* an instance of this collection since, even though (#$arg2Isa #$genlAttributes #$AttributeValue) holds, since #$genlAttributes relates two instances of #$AttributeValue in such a way that it cannot be said to represent the attribution of one property to another.") (#$genls #$BinaryAttributePredicate #$AttributePredicate) (#$genls #$BinaryAttributePredicate #$BinaryPredicate) (#$isa #$BinaryAttributePredicate #$AtemporalNecessarilyEssentialCollectionType) (#$isa #$BinaryAttributePredicate #$PredicateCategory) (#$sharedNotes #$BinaryAttributePredicate #$NoteAboutPredicateCategories) (#$comment #$BinaryFunction "A specialization of both #$BinaryRelation and #$Function-Denotational. An instance of #$Function-Denotational FUNC is an instance of #$BinaryFunction if and only if FUNC has an #$arity of 2.") (#$genls #$BinaryFunction #$BinaryRelation) (#$genls #$BinaryFunction #$BinaryRelation) (#$genls #$BinaryFunction #$BinaryRelation) (#$genls #$BinaryFunction #$FixedArityFunction) (#$genls #$BinaryFunction #$Function-Denotational) (#$genls #$BinaryFunction #$Function-Denotational) (#$genls #$BinaryFunction #$Function-MathematicalObject) (#$isa #$BinaryFunction #$AtemporalNecessarilyEssentialCollectionType) (#$isa #$BinaryFunction #$Collection) (#$isa #$BinaryFunction #$ConventionalClassificationType) (#$isa #$BinaryFunction #$CoreConstant) (#$isa #$BinaryFunction #$RelationshipTypeByArity) (#$arg1Isa #$BinaryOperatorInProgramFn #$BinaryProgramOperator) (#$arg1Isa #$BinaryOperatorInProgramFn #$BinaryProgramOperator) (#$arg2Isa #$BinaryOperatorInProgramFn #$ProgramExpression) (#$arg2Isa #$BinaryOperatorInProgramFn #$ProgramExpression) (#$arg3Isa #$BinaryOperatorInProgramFn #$ProgramExpression) (#$arg3Isa #$BinaryOperatorInProgramFn #$ProgramExpression) (#$argIsa #$BinaryOperatorInProgramFn 1 #$BinaryProgramOperator) (#$argIsa #$BinaryOperatorInProgramFn 1 #$BinaryProgramOperator) (#$argIsa #$BinaryOperatorInProgramFn 1 #$BinaryProgramOperator) (#$argIsa #$BinaryOperatorInProgramFn 2 #$ProgramExpression) (#$argIsa #$BinaryOperatorInProgramFn 2 #$ProgramExpression) (#$argIsa #$BinaryOperatorInProgramFn 2 #$ProgramExpression) (#$argIsa #$BinaryOperatorInProgramFn 3 #$ProgramExpression) (#$argIsa #$BinaryOperatorInProgramFn 3 #$ProgramExpression) (#$argIsa #$BinaryOperatorInProgramFn 3 #$ProgramExpression) (#$arity #$BinaryOperatorInProgramFn 3) (#$arity #$BinaryOperatorInProgramFn 3) (#$comment #$BinaryOperatorInProgramFn "(#$BinaryOperatorInProgramFn OPERATOR TERM1 TERM2) refers to the program step of using a binary operator with args TERM1 and TERM2.") (#$isa #$BinaryOperatorInProgramFn #$TernaryFunction) (#$isa #$BinaryOperatorInProgramFn #$UnreifiableFunction) (#$resultIsa #$BinaryOperatorInProgramFn #$Individual) (#$resultIsa #$BinaryOperatorInProgramFn #$ProgramStep) (#$comment #$BinaryPredicate "A specialization of both #$BinaryRelation and #$Predicate. #$BinaryPredicate is the collection of all predicates whose arity (see #$arity) is 2.") (#$genls #$BinaryPredicate #$BinaryRelation) (#$genls #$BinaryPredicate #$BinaryRelation) (#$genls #$BinaryPredicate #$BinaryRelation) (#$genls #$BinaryPredicate #$FixedArityRelation) (#$genls #$BinaryPredicate #$Predicate) (#$genls #$BinaryPredicate #$Predicate) (#$genls #$BinaryPredicate #$Predicate) (#$isa #$BinaryPredicate #$AtemporalNecessarilyEssentialCollectionType) (#$isa #$BinaryPredicate #$Collection) (#$isa #$BinaryPredicate #$CoreConstant) (#$isa #$BinaryPredicate #$PredicateCategory) (#$isa #$BinaryPredicate #$RelationshipTypeByArity) (#$comment #$BinaryPredicateTypeByLogicalFeature "A collection of collections and a specialization of #$PredicateCategory. Each instance of #$BinaryPredicateTypeByLogicalFeature is a collection of #$BinaryPredicates whose instances all share some significant logical feature, such as reflexivity or asymmetry. Examples include #$TransitiveBinaryPredicate, #$AntiSymmetricBinaryPredicate, and #$EquivalenceRelation.") (#$genls #$BinaryPredicateTypeByLogicalFeature #$PredicateCategory) (#$genls #$BinaryPredicateTypeByLogicalFeature #$RelationTypeByLogicalFeature) (#$isa #$BinaryPredicateTypeByLogicalFeature #$CollectionType) (#$isa #$BinaryPredicateTypeByLogicalFeature #$SecondOrderCollection) (#$typeGenls #$BinaryPredicateTypeByLogicalFeature #$BinaryPredicate) (#$comment #$BinaryProgramOperator "This is the collection of operators found in programming languages.") (#$genls #$BinaryProgramOperator #$Individual) (#$genls #$BinaryProgramOperator #$ProgramOperator) (#$isa #$BinaryProgramOperator #$ObjectType) (#$comment #$BinaryRelation "The collection of all fixed-arity relations of arity 2 (see #$arity). The most notable specializations of #$BinaryRelation are #$BinaryPredicate and #$BinaryFunction (qq.v.).") (#$disjointWith #$BinaryRelation #$PartiallyCommutativeRelation) (#$genls #$BinaryRelation #$FixedArityRelation) (#$genls #$BinaryRelation #$FixedArityRelation) (#$isa #$BinaryRelation #$AtemporalNecessarilyEssentialCollectionType) (#$isa #$BinaryRelation #$Collection) (#$isa #$BinaryRelation #$CoreConstant) (#$isa #$BinaryRelation #$RelationshipTypeByArity) (#$requiredArg1Pred #$BinaryRelation #$arg2Isa) (#$rewriteOf #$BinaryRelation (#$ArityRelationFn 2)) (#$comment #$BinaryRolePredicate "A specialization of #$Role. An instance ROLE of #$Role is also an instance of #$BinaryRolePredicate just in case ROLE is an instance of #$BinaryPredicate. In other words, ROLE is a binary predicate that relates a situation to some component of that situation, e.g. #$subEvents or participants.") (#$genls #$BinaryRolePredicate #$BinaryPredicate) (#$genls #$BinaryRolePredicate #$BinaryPredicate) (#$genls #$BinaryRolePredicate #$ObjectPredicate) (#$genls #$BinaryRolePredicate #$Role) (#$isa #$BinaryRolePredicate #$AtemporalNecessarilyEssentialCollectionType) (#$isa #$BinaryRolePredicate #$PredicateCategory) (#$comment #$BiologicalCatabolismEvent "A collection of events. Each #$BiologicalCatabolismEvent involve the destruction of larger molecules. E.g., the degradation of glucose into carbon dioxide and water, which releases energy used to make ATP (adenosine triphosphate).") (#$genls #$BiologicalCatabolismEvent #$BiologicalDestructionEvent) (#$genls #$BiologicalCatabolismEvent #$BiologicalMetabolismEvent) (#$genls #$BiologicalCatabolismEvent #$Individual) (#$isa #$BiologicalCatabolismEvent #$DefaultDisjointScriptType) (#$isa #$BiologicalCatabolismEvent #$TemporalObjectType) (#$comment #$BiologicalClass "The collection of taxonomic subdivisions directly under #$BiologicalPhylum (for animals and for the animal-like organisms in the #$ProtistaKingdom), or #$BiologicalDivision (for the plants and for the plant-like organisms within the #$ProtistaKingdom).") (#$genls #$BiologicalClass #$BiologicalTaxon) (#$genls #$BiologicalClass #$ExistingObjectType) (#$isa #$BiologicalClass #$BiologicalTaxonType) (#$isa #$BiologicalClass #$CollectionType) (#$isa #$BiologicalClass #$CollectionType) (#$isa #$BiologicalClass #$CollectionType) (#$isa #$BiologicalClass #$DisjointCollectionType) (#$isa #$BiologicalClass #$SecondOrderCollection) (#$comment #$BiologicalDecompositionEvent "A collection of events. In each #$BiologicalDecompositionEvent, some living structures are decomposed.") (#$genls #$BiologicalDecompositionEvent #$BiologicalDestructionEvent) (#$genls #$BiologicalDecompositionEvent #$DecompositionEvent) (#$genls #$BiologicalDecompositionEvent #$Individual) (#$isa #$BiologicalDecompositionEvent #$DefaultDisjointScriptType) (#$isa #$BiologicalDecompositionEvent #$TemporalObjectType) (#$siblingDisjointExceptions #$BiologicalDecompositionEvent #$BodilyFunctionEvent) (#$siblingDisjointExceptions #$BiologicalDecompositionEvent #$BodilyFunctionEvent-Involuntary) (#$siblingDisjointExceptions #$BiologicalDecompositionEvent #$TranslationAlongInternalLivingStructure) (#$comment #$BiologicalDestructionEvent "A specialization of both #$PhysicalDestructionEvent and #$BiologicalEvent. In each instance of #$BiologicalDestructionEvent, some instance(s) of #$BiologicalLivingObject (q.v.) are destroyed. Notable specializations of #$BiologicalDestructionEvent include #$BiologicalCatabolismEvent, #$DigestionEvent, and #$BiologicalDecompositionEvent.") (#$genls #$BiologicalDestructionEvent #$BiologicalEvent) (#$genls #$BiologicalDestructionEvent #$Individual) (#$genls #$BiologicalDestructionEvent #$PhysicalDestructionEvent) (#$isa #$BiologicalDestructionEvent #$DefaultDisjointScriptType) (#$isa #$BiologicalDestructionEvent #$TemporalObjectType) (#$siblingDisjointExceptions #$BiologicalDestructionEvent #$BiologicalMetabolismEvent) (#$siblingDisjointExceptions #$BiologicalDestructionEvent #$BodilyFunctionEvent) (#$siblingDisjointExceptions #$BiologicalDestructionEvent #$BodilyFunctionEvent-Involuntary) (#$siblingDisjointExceptions #$BiologicalDestructionEvent #$DecompositionEvent) (#$siblingDisjointExceptions #$BiologicalDestructionEvent #$PhysicalCreationEvent) (#$siblingDisjointExceptions #$BiologicalDestructionEvent #$TranslationAlongInternalLivingStructure) (#$comment #$BiologicalDevelopmentEvent "A collection of events, and a subcollection of #$IntrinsicStateChangeEvent. In each instance of #$BiologicalDevelopmentEvent, one or more living things undergo biological changes in which they progress from one developmental stage to another. For example, the germination of a seed, the opening of a flower, the pupating of a caterpillar, a teenager reaching puberty. Some borderline non-examples include: Groucho Marx being born, Groucho Marx dying.") (#$genls #$BiologicalDevelopmentEvent #$BiologicalEvent) (#$genls #$BiologicalDevelopmentEvent #$Individual) (#$genls #$BiologicalDevelopmentEvent #$IntrinsicStateChangeEvent) (#$isa #$BiologicalDevelopmentEvent #$DefaultDisjointScriptType) (#$isa #$BiologicalDevelopmentEvent #$TemporalObjectType) (#$siblingDisjointExceptions #$BiologicalDevelopmentEvent #$EmittingAnObject) (#$comment #$BiologicalDivision "A specialization of #$BiologicalTaxon. Each instance of #$BiologicalDivision is a main taxonomic subdivision of some instance of #$BiologicalKingdom (or #$BiologicalSubkingdom) for the members of the #$MoneraKingdom (i.e., prokaryotes), #$Fungus Kingdom, #$Plant Kingdom, and for the plant-like organisms within the #$ProtistaKingdom. In the #$Animal Kingdom, however, the main taxonomic subdivisions are instances of #$BiologicalPhylum (q.v.), rather than #$BiologicalDivision.") (#$genls #$BiologicalDivision #$BiologicalTaxon) (#$genls #$BiologicalDivision #$ExistingObjectType) (#$isa #$BiologicalDivision #$BiologicalTaxonType) (#$isa #$BiologicalDivision #$CollectionType) (#$isa #$BiologicalDivision #$CollectionType) (#$isa #$BiologicalDivision #$DisjointCollectionType) (#$isa #$BiologicalDivision #$SecondOrderCollection) (#$typeGenls #$BiologicalDivision #$Organism-Whole) (#$comment #$BiologicalEvent "A specialization of #$BiologicalProcess (q.v.) instances of which are non-deliberately \"done by\" biological organisms. Each instance of #$BiologicalEvent is a biological process that has an instance of #$Organism-Whole as a \"bodily doer\" (see #$bodilyDoer). Note that not all physical events that have bodily doers are #$BiologicalEvents; they might (e.g.) be #$PhysiologicalConditions that are not biological events. Thus, having a bodily doer is a necessary but not a sufficient condition for being an instance of #$BiologicalEvent.") (#$genls #$BiologicalEvent #$Individual) (#$genls #$BiologicalEvent #$PhysicalEvent) (#$isa #$BiologicalEvent #$DefaultDisjointScriptType) (#$isa #$BiologicalEvent #$TemporalStuffType) (#$siblingDisjointExceptions #$BiologicalEvent #$PhysicalCreationEvent) (#$siblingDisjointExceptions #$BiologicalEvent #$PhysicalDestructionEvent) (#$siblingDisjointExceptions #$BiologicalEvent #$PhysicalSynthesis) (#$siblingDisjointExceptions #$BiologicalEvent #$Production-Generic) (#$comment #$BiologicalFamily "The collection of biological taxonomic subdivisions below #$BiologicalOrder (or #$BiologicalSuborder) and above #$BiologicalGenus. Especially important in Botanical classification.") (#$genls #$BiologicalFamily #$BiologicalTaxon) (#$genls #$BiologicalFamily #$ExistingObjectType) (#$isa #$BiologicalFamily #$BiologicalTaxonType) (#$isa #$BiologicalFamily #$CollectionType) (#$isa #$BiologicalFamily #$CollectionType) (#$isa #$BiologicalFamily #$DisjointCollectionType) (#$isa #$BiologicalFamily #$SecondOrderCollection) (#$arg1Format #$biologicalFather #$SetTheFormat) (#$arg1Isa #$biologicalFather #$Animal) (#$arg1Isa #$biologicalFather #$Animal) (#$arg2Format #$biologicalFather #$SingleEntry) (#$arg2Format #$biologicalFather #$SingleEntry) (#$arg2Isa #$biologicalFather #$MaleAnimal) (#$arg2Isa #$biologicalFather #$MaleAnimal) (#$argFormat #$biologicalFather 1 #$SetTheFormat) (#$argFormat #$biologicalFather 2 #$SingleEntry) (#$argFormat #$biologicalFather 2 #$SingleEntry) (#$argIsa #$biologicalFather 1 #$Animal) (#$argIsa #$biologicalFather 1 #$Animal) (#$argIsa #$biologicalFather 1 #$Animal) (#$argIsa #$biologicalFather 2 #$MaleAnimal) (#$argIsa #$biologicalFather 2 #$MaleAnimal) (#$argIsa #$biologicalFather 2 #$MaleAnimal) (#$arity #$biologicalFather 2) (#$comment #$biologicalFather "A specialization of #$biologicalParents that relates a given #$Animal to its male biological parent. (#$biologicalFather OFFSPRING MALE) means that MALE is the male biological parent of OFFSPRING. See also #$father.") (#$functionalInArgs #$biologicalFather 2) (#$genlInverse #$biologicalFather #$biologicalOffspring) (#$isa #$biologicalFather #$AntiTransitiveBinaryPredicate) (#$isa #$biologicalFather #$AntiTransitiveBinaryPredicate) (#$isa #$biologicalFather #$AntiTransitiveBinaryPredicate) (#$isa #$biologicalFather #$AsymmetricBinaryPredicate) (#$isa #$biologicalFather #$BinaryPredicate) (#$isa #$biologicalFather #$InterExistingObjectPredicate) (#$isa #$biologicalFather #$InterExistingObjectPredicate) (#$isa #$biologicalFather #$StrictlyFunctionalSlot) (#$negationInverse #$biologicalFather #$biologicalFather) (#$negationInverse #$biologicalFather #$biologicalFather) (#$relationAllExists #$biologicalFather #$ChordataPhylum #$MaleAnimal) (#$relationInstanceExists #$biologicalFather (#$GenericInstanceFn #$Dog) #$MaleAnimal) (#$strictlyFunctionalInArgs #$biologicalFather 2) (#$strictlyFunctionalInArgs #$biologicalFather 2) (#$typedGenlInverse #$biologicalFather #$biologicalOffspring) (#$comment #$BiologicalGenus "The collection of biological taxonomic subdivisions (see #$BiologicalTaxon) created below #$BiologicalFamily and above #$BiologicalSpecies. Sometimes, hybrids are possible between different instances of #$BiologicalSpecies that belong to the same #$BiologicalGenus.") (#$genls #$BiologicalGenus #$BiologicalTaxon) (#$genls #$BiologicalGenus #$ExistingObjectType) (#$isa #$BiologicalGenus #$BiologicalTaxonType) (#$isa #$BiologicalGenus #$CollectionType) (#$isa #$BiologicalGenus #$CollectionType) (#$isa #$BiologicalGenus #$DisjointCollectionType) (#$isa #$BiologicalGenus #$SecondOrderCollection) (#$comment #$BiologicalIntakeEvent "A specialization of #$BiologicalTransportationEvent. In each instance of #$BiologicalIntakeEvent, some object(s) are taken into some living structure.") (#$genls #$BiologicalIntakeEvent #$Individual) (#$genls #$BiologicalIntakeEvent #$TranslationAlongInternalLivingStructure) (#$isa #$BiologicalIntakeEvent #$AnimalCapabilityType) (#$isa #$BiologicalIntakeEvent #$DefaultDisjointScriptType) (#$isa #$BiologicalIntakeEvent #$TemporalObjectType) (#$siblingDisjointExceptions #$BiologicalIntakeEvent #$BiologicalEvent) (#$siblingDisjointExceptions #$BiologicalIntakeEvent #$BodilyFunctionEvent) (#$siblingDisjointExceptions #$BiologicalIntakeEvent #$BodyMovementEvent) (#$siblingDisjointExceptions #$BiologicalIntakeEvent #$EnclosingSomething) (#$siblingDisjointExceptions #$BiologicalIntakeEvent #$PassingThroughPortal) (#$siblingDisjointExceptions #$BiologicalIntakeEvent #$PhysicalDestructionEvent) (#$siblingDisjointExceptions #$BiologicalIntakeEvent #$PhysiologicalProcess) (#$comment #$BiologicalKingdom "A collection of collections. Each instance of #$BiologicalKingdom is a sub-collection of #$Organism-Whole whose instances all belong to one of the highest, most general taxonomic divisions of organisms. Notable instances of #$BiologicalKingdom include #$Animal, #$Plant, #$ProtistaKingdom, and #$MoneraKingdom.") (#$genls #$BiologicalKingdom #$BiologicalTaxon) (#$genls #$BiologicalKingdom #$ExistingObjectType) (#$isa #$BiologicalKingdom #$BiologicalTaxonType) (#$isa #$BiologicalKingdom #$CollectionType) (#$isa #$BiologicalKingdom #$CollectionType) (#$isa #$BiologicalKingdom #$DisjointCollectionType) (#$isa #$BiologicalKingdom #$SecondOrderCollection) (#$comment #$BiologicalLivingObject "The collection of all structures that are composed of one or more living cells (see #$Cell). Biological living objects (or \"BLO\"s) might either be instances of #$Organism-Whole (like dogs or pine trees) or components of such whole living organisms (like noses, tails, and pine needles). The healthy leg of a living person is a BLO (as is the person), but an amputated leg is not a BLO. Every instance of #$BiologicalLivingObject is either capable of biological reproduction itself or has components which are capable of biological reproduction (such as the cells in a living arm).") (#$disjointWith #$BiologicalLivingObject #$Artifact-Generic) (#$disjointWith #$BiologicalLivingObject #$ContactLocation) (#$disjointWith #$BiologicalLivingObject #$InanimateThing) (#$disjointWith #$BiologicalLivingObject #$Place) (#$disjointWith #$BiologicalLivingObject (#$SubcollectionOfWithRelationFromTypeFn #$Thing #$outputsCreated #$Boiling)) (#$genls #$BiologicalLivingObject #$ComplexPhysicalObject) (#$genls #$BiologicalLivingObject #$Individual) (#$genls #$BiologicalLivingObject #$NaturalTangibleStuff) (#$genls #$BiologicalLivingObject #$OrganicStuff) (#$genls #$BiologicalLivingObject #$SpatialThing-Localized) (#$genls #$BiologicalLivingObject (#$CollectionUnionFn (#$TheSet #$BiologicalLivingObject (#$GroupFn #$BiologicalLivingObject)))) (#$isa #$BiologicalLivingObject #$ExistingStuffType) (#$isa #$BiologicalLivingObject #$TemporalStuffType) (#$comment #$BiologicalMetabolismEvent "A specialization of #$BiologicalProcess-CellularLevel. Each instance of #$BiologicalMetabolismEvent is a biological process in which substrates are converted into metabolites. The metabolites may be more or less complex than the substrates.") (#$genls #$BiologicalMetabolismEvent #$ChemicalReaction) (#$genls #$BiologicalMetabolismEvent #$Individual) (#$isa #$BiologicalMetabolismEvent #$DefaultDisjointScriptType) (#$isa #$BiologicalMetabolismEvent #$TemporalObjectType) (#$siblingDisjointExceptions #$BiologicalMetabolismEvent #$BiologicalEvent) (#$siblingDisjointExceptions #$BiologicalMetabolismEvent #$PhysicalDestructionEvent) (#$arg1Isa #$biologicalMother #$Animal) (#$arg1Isa #$biologicalMother #$Animal) (#$arg2Format #$biologicalMother #$SingleEntry) (#$arg2Format #$biologicalMother #$SingleEntry) (#$arg2Isa #$biologicalMother #$FemaleAnimal) (#$arg2Isa #$biologicalMother #$FemaleAnimal) (#$argFormat #$biologicalMother 2 #$SingleEntry) (#$argFormat #$biologicalMother 2 #$SingleEntry) (#$argIsa #$biologicalMother 1 #$Animal) (#$argIsa #$biologicalMother 1 #$Animal) (#$argIsa #$biologicalMother 1 #$Animal) (#$argIsa #$biologicalMother 2 #$FemaleAnimal) (#$argIsa #$biologicalMother 2 #$FemaleAnimal) (#$argIsa #$biologicalMother 2 #$FemaleAnimal) (#$arity #$biologicalMother 2) (#$comment #$biologicalMother "A specialization of #$biologicalParents that relates a given #$Animal to its female biological parent. (#$biologicalMother OFFSPRING FEMALE) means that FEMALE is the female biological parent of OFFSPRING. Cf. #$mother.") (#$equivPredsWRTTypes #$biologicalMother #$mother #$NonPersonAnimal #$NonPersonAnimal) (#$functionalInArgs #$biologicalMother 2) (#$genlInverse #$biologicalMother #$biologicalOffspring) (#$genlPreds #$biologicalMother #$mother) (#$genlPredsWRTTypes #$biologicalMother #$hasBeenIn #$Mammal #$Mammal) (#$genlPredsWRTTypes #$biologicalMother #$mother #$NonPersonAnimal #$NonPersonAnimal) (#$isa #$biologicalMother #$AntiTransitiveBinaryPredicate) (#$isa #$biologicalMother #$AntiTransitiveBinaryPredicate) (#$isa #$biologicalMother #$AsymmetricBinaryPredicate) (#$isa #$biologicalMother #$BinaryPredicate) (#$isa #$biologicalMother #$InterExistingObjectPredicate) (#$isa #$biologicalMother #$InterExistingObjectPredicate) (#$isa #$biologicalMother #$InterExistingObjectPredicate) (#$isa #$biologicalMother #$StrictlyFunctionalSlot) (#$negationInverse #$biologicalMother #$biologicalMother) (#$relationAllExists #$biologicalMother #$ChordataPhylum #$FemaleAnimal) (#$relationInstanceExists #$biologicalMother (#$GenericInstanceFn #$Dog) #$FemaleAnimal) (#$strictlyFunctionalInArgs #$biologicalMother 2) (#$strictlyFunctionalInArgs #$biologicalMother 2) (#$typedGenlInverse #$biologicalMother #$biologicalOffspring) (#$arg1Format #$biologicalOffspring #$SetTheFormat) (#$arg1Isa #$biologicalOffspring #$Animal) (#$arg1Isa #$biologicalOffspring #$Animal) (#$arg2Format #$biologicalOffspring #$SetTheFormat) (#$arg2Isa #$biologicalOffspring #$Animal) (#$arg2Isa #$biologicalOffspring #$Animal) (#$argFormat #$biologicalOffspring 1 #$SetTheFormat) (#$argFormat #$biologicalOffspring 2 #$SetTheFormat) (#$argIsa #$biologicalOffspring 1 #$Animal) (#$argIsa #$biologicalOffspring 1 #$Animal) (#$argIsa #$biologicalOffspring 1 #$Animal) (#$argIsa #$biologicalOffspring 2 #$Animal) (#$argIsa #$biologicalOffspring 2 #$Animal) (#$argIsa #$biologicalOffspring 2 #$Animal) (#$arity #$biologicalOffspring 2) (#$comment #$biologicalOffspring "A specialization of #$biologicalRelatives. (#$biologicalOffspring PARENT OFFSPRING) means that PARENT is one of the biological parents of OFFSPRING. Specializations of this predicate include #$biologicalDaughters and #$biologicalSons. Cf. #$children.") (#$genlInverse #$biologicalOffspring #$ancestors) (#$genlPreds #$biologicalOffspring #$biologicalRelatives) (#$isa #$biologicalOffspring #$AntiTransitiveBinaryPredicate) (#$isa #$biologicalOffspring #$AsymmetricBinaryPredicate) (#$isa #$biologicalOffspring #$BinaryPredicate) (#$isa #$biologicalOffspring #$InterExistingObjectPredicate) (#$isa #$biologicalOffspring #$InterExistingObjectPredicate) (#$negationInverse #$biologicalOffspring #$biologicalOffspring) (#$negationInverse #$biologicalOffspring #$biologicalOffspring) (#$comment #$BiologicalOrder "The collection of biological taxonomic subdivisions (see #$BiologicalTaxon) defined below #$BiologicalClass (or #$BiologicalSubclass) and above #$BiologicalFamily.") (#$genls #$BiologicalOrder #$BiologicalTaxon) (#$genls #$BiologicalOrder #$ExistingObjectType) (#$isa #$BiologicalOrder #$BiologicalTaxonType) (#$isa #$BiologicalOrder #$CollectionType) (#$isa #$BiologicalOrder #$CollectionType) (#$isa #$BiologicalOrder #$DisjointCollectionType) (#$isa #$BiologicalOrder #$SecondOrderCollection) (#$comment #$BiologicalPhylum "The collection of main taxonomic subdivisions of #$BiologicalKingdom (or #$BiologicalSubkingdom if present) for the #$Animal kingdom and for the animal-like organisms within the #$ProtistaKingdom. The other elements of #$BiologicalKingdom have divisions belonging to #$BiologicalDivision instead of Phyla (Phyla is the plural of Phylum).") (#$genls #$BiologicalPhylum #$BiologicalTaxon) (#$genls #$BiologicalPhylum #$ExistingObjectType) (#$isa #$BiologicalPhylum #$BiologicalTaxonType) (#$isa #$BiologicalPhylum #$CollectionType) (#$isa #$BiologicalPhylum #$CollectionType) (#$isa #$BiologicalPhylum #$DisjointCollectionType) (#$isa #$BiologicalPhylum #$SecondOrderCollection) (#$comment #$BiologicalProductionEvent "A specialization of both #$PhysicalCreationEvent and #$BiologicalEvent. In each instance of #$BiologicalProductionEvent, raw materials are combined to produce a product, and at least one instance of #$BiologicalLivingObject (q.v.) is the producer. Specializations of #$BiologicalProductionEvent include #$SecretionEvent and #$BiologicalReproductionEvent.") (#$genls #$BiologicalProductionEvent #$BiologicalEvent) (#$genls #$BiologicalProductionEvent #$Individual) (#$genls #$BiologicalProductionEvent #$PhysicalCreationEvent) (#$genls #$BiologicalProductionEvent #$Production-Generic) (#$isa #$BiologicalProductionEvent #$DefaultDisjointScriptType) (#$isa #$BiologicalProductionEvent #$TemporalObjectType) (#$siblingDisjointExceptions #$BiologicalProductionEvent #$BodilyFunctionEvent) (#$siblingDisjointExceptions #$BiologicalProductionEvent #$BodilyFunctionEvent-Involuntary) (#$siblingDisjointExceptions #$BiologicalProductionEvent #$EmittingAnObject) (#$arg1Format #$biologicalRelatives #$SetTheFormat) (#$arg1Isa #$biologicalRelatives #$Organism-Whole) (#$arg1Isa #$biologicalRelatives #$Organism-Whole) (#$arg2Format #$biologicalRelatives #$SetTheFormat) (#$arg2Isa #$biologicalRelatives #$Organism-Whole) (#$arg2Isa #$biologicalRelatives #$Organism-Whole) (#$argFormat #$biologicalRelatives 1 #$SetTheFormat) (#$argFormat #$biologicalRelatives 2 #$SetTheFormat) (#$argIsa #$biologicalRelatives 1 #$Organism-Whole) (#$argIsa #$biologicalRelatives 1 #$Organism-Whole) (#$argIsa #$biologicalRelatives 1 #$Organism-Whole) (#$argIsa #$biologicalRelatives 2 #$Organism-Whole) (#$argIsa #$biologicalRelatives 2 #$Organism-Whole) (#$argIsa #$biologicalRelatives 2 #$Organism-Whole) (#$arity #$biologicalRelatives 2) (#$comment #$biologicalRelatives "(#$biologicalRelatives ORG1 ORG2) means that the #$Organism-Whole ORG1 and the #$Organism-Whole ORG2 are biological relatives, related by birth.") (#$genlInverse #$biologicalRelatives #$biologicalRelatives) (#$genlInverse #$biologicalRelatives #$biologicalRelatives) (#$genlPreds #$biologicalRelatives #$relatives) (#$isa #$biologicalRelatives #$BinaryPredicate) (#$isa #$biologicalRelatives #$CoEquivalenceBinaryPredicate) (#$isa #$biologicalRelatives #$InterExistingObjectPredicate) (#$isa #$biologicalRelatives #$IrreflexiveBinaryPredicate) (#$isa #$biologicalRelatives #$SymmetricBinaryPredicate) (#$comment #$BiologicalReproductionEvent "A specialization of #$BiologicalProductionEvent. Each instance of #$BiologicalReproductionEvent is an event in which one or more instances of #$BiologicalLivingObject (q.v.) (related to the event by #$parentActors) produce at least one new instance of #$BiologicalLivingObject (related to the event by #$offspringActors), generally of the same kind as the parents. Notable specializations of #$BiologicalReproductionEvent include #$AsexualReproductionEvent and #$SexualReproductionEvent.") (#$genls #$BiologicalReproductionEvent #$BiologicalProductionEvent) (#$genls #$BiologicalReproductionEvent #$Individual) (#$isa #$BiologicalReproductionEvent #$DefaultDisjointScriptType) (#$isa #$BiologicalReproductionEvent #$TemporalObjectType) (#$keStrongSuggestionPreds #$BiologicalReproductionEvent #$offspringActors) (#$keStrongSuggestionPreds #$BiologicalReproductionEvent #$parentActors) (#$keWeakSuggestionPreds #$BiologicalReproductionEvent #$offspringActors) (#$keWeakSuggestionPreds #$BiologicalReproductionEvent #$parentActors) (#$comment #$BiologicalSocialMt "A microtheory which assumes the existence of living things in some sort of society. The society could be as complex as human society, or as simple as microbes in a pond, that interact in order to mate, compete for food, etc. #$OrganizationGMt and #$HumanActivitiesMt are visible from it.") (#$genlMt #$BiologicalSocialMt #$AnimalActivitiesMt) (#$genlMt #$BiologicalSocialMt #$BaseKB) (#$genlMt #$BiologicalSocialMt #$BiologicalSocialVocabularyMt) (#$genlMt #$BiologicalSocialMt #$OrganizationGMt) (#$isa #$BiologicalSocialMt #$GeneralMicrotheory) (#$isa #$BiologicalSocialMt #$TheoryMicrotheory) (#$comment #$BiologicalSocialVocabularyMt "The #$VocabularyMicrotheory for #$BiologicalSocialMt.") (#$genlMt #$BiologicalSocialVocabularyMt #$AnimalActivitiesVocabularyMt) (#$genlMt #$BiologicalSocialVocabularyMt #$BaseKB) (#$genlMt #$BiologicalSocialVocabularyMt #$OrganizationGVocabularyMt) (#$isa #$BiologicalSocialVocabularyMt #$VocabularyMicrotheory) (#$comment #$BiologicalSpecies "An instance of #$BiologicalTaxonType. Each instance of #$BiologicalSpecies is the most general taxon from which two breeding organisms of appropriate genders can conceivably produce fertile offspring, or, in the case of asexual reproduction, is conventionally defined. Members of different species of animals cannot produce fertile offspring by interbreeding. If there are only two breeds of a given species and one breed becomes extinct, the second breed by virtue of that fact becomes an instance of #$BiologicalSpecies -- since the only organisms instances can breed with to produce fertile offspring are, at that point, members of that collection. An instance of #$BiologicalSpecies has members who all have significant traits in common, and members of each biological species have other members as parents. Exceptions occur when a species is conventionally defined to start since parenthood could conceivably be traced back billions of years, yet new species came into existance. In biological taxonomy, related species are grouped into a particular instance of #$BiologicalGenus. Some genera have only a single species, but they remain different taxons.") (#$genls #$BiologicalSpecies #$BiologicalTaxon) (#$genls #$BiologicalSpecies #$ExistingObjectType) (#$isa #$BiologicalSpecies #$BiologicalTaxonType) (#$isa #$BiologicalSpecies #$CollectionType) (#$isa #$BiologicalSpecies #$CollectionType) (#$isa #$BiologicalSpecies #$CollectionType) (#$isa #$BiologicalSpecies #$DisjointCollectionType) (#$isa #$BiologicalSpecies #$SecondOrderCollection) (#$comment #$BiologicalSubclass "The collection of biological taxonomic subdivisions more specific than #$BiologicalClass but more general than #$BiologicalOrder.") (#$genls #$BiologicalSubclass #$BiologicalTaxon) (#$genls #$BiologicalSubclass #$ExistingObjectType) (#$isa #$BiologicalSubclass #$BiologicalTaxonType) (#$isa #$BiologicalSubclass #$CollectionType) (#$isa #$BiologicalSubclass #$CollectionType) (#$isa #$BiologicalSubclass #$CollectionType) (#$isa #$BiologicalSubclass #$DisjointCollectionType) (#$isa #$BiologicalSubclass #$SecondOrderCollection) (#$comment #$BiologicalSubfamily "The collection of biological taxonomic subdivisions below #$BiologicalFamily and above #$BiologicalGenus.") (#$genls #$BiologicalSubfamily #$BiologicalTaxon) (#$genls #$BiologicalSubfamily #$ExistingObjectType) (#$isa #$BiologicalSubfamily #$BiologicalTaxonType) (#$isa #$BiologicalSubfamily #$CollectionType) (#$isa #$BiologicalSubfamily #$CollectionType) (#$isa #$BiologicalSubfamily #$DisjointCollectionType) (#$isa #$BiologicalSubfamily #$SecondOrderCollection) (#$comment #$BiologicalSubkingdom "A specialization of #$BiologicalTaxon. Each instance of #$BiologicalSubkingdom is an immediate taxonomic subdivision of some instance of #$BiologicalKingdom (q.v.). Instances of #$BiologicalSubkingdom include #$Protozoan, #$EmbryophyteSubkingdom, and #$AlgaeSubkingdom.") (#$genls #$BiologicalSubkingdom #$BiologicalTaxon) (#$genls #$BiologicalSubkingdom #$ExistingObjectType) (#$isa #$BiologicalSubkingdom #$BiologicalTaxonType) (#$isa #$BiologicalSubkingdom #$CollectionType) (#$isa #$BiologicalSubkingdom #$CollectionType) (#$isa #$BiologicalSubkingdom #$DisjointCollectionType) (#$isa #$BiologicalSubkingdom #$SecondOrderCollection) (#$comment #$BiologicalSuborder "A specialization of #$BiologicalTaxon. Each instance of #$BiologicalSuborder is an immediate taxonomic subdivision of some instance of #$BiologicalOrder. Instances of #$BiologicalSuborder include #$Crocodile and #$Lizard.") (#$genls #$BiologicalSuborder #$BiologicalTaxon) (#$genls #$BiologicalSuborder #$ExistingObjectType) (#$isa #$BiologicalSuborder #$BiologicalTaxonType) (#$isa #$BiologicalSuborder #$CollectionType) (#$isa #$BiologicalSuborder #$CollectionType) (#$isa #$BiologicalSuborder #$DisjointCollectionType) (#$isa #$BiologicalSuborder #$SecondOrderCollection) (#$comment #$BiologicalSubphylum "A collection of #$BiologicalTaxons that is more restrictive than #$BiologicalPhylum. All instances of a particular #$BiologicalSubspecies have significant traits or collections of traits in common which are not shared by all other members of the same #$BiologicalPhylum.") (#$genls #$BiologicalSubphylum #$BiologicalTaxon) (#$genls #$BiologicalSubphylum #$ExistingObjectType) (#$isa #$BiologicalSubphylum #$BiologicalTaxonType) (#$isa #$BiologicalSubphylum #$CollectionType) (#$isa #$BiologicalSubphylum #$CollectionType) (#$isa #$BiologicalSubphylum #$DisjointCollectionType) (#$isa #$BiologicalSubphylum #$SecondOrderCollection) (#$comment #$BiologicalSubspecies "A specialization of #$BiologicalTaxon whose instances are more restrictive than those of #$BiologicalSpecies. Each instance of #$BiologicalSubspecies is a specialization of some instance of #$BiologicalSpecies. Members of different subspecies of the same species can produce fertile offspring by interbreeding; but such offspring are not members of either of the parental subspecies, although they are members of the common species. All instances of a given biological subspecies have significant traits or collections of traits in common that are not shared by all other members of the subsuming species. A #$BiologicalSubspecies is formed by inbreeding of a restricted group of members of the same species. This can happen naturally through geographic isolation or intentionally through controlled reproduction to create, for example, dog breeds or crop strains.") (#$genls #$BiologicalSubspecies #$BiologicalTaxon) (#$genls #$BiologicalSubspecies #$ExistingObjectType) (#$isa #$BiologicalSubspecies #$BiologicalTaxonType) (#$isa #$BiologicalSubspecies #$CollectionType) (#$isa #$BiologicalSubspecies #$CollectionType) (#$isa #$BiologicalSubspecies #$CollectionType) (#$isa #$BiologicalSubspecies #$DisjointCollectionType) (#$isa #$BiologicalSubspecies #$SecondOrderCollection) (#$comment #$BiologicalTaxon "A collection of collections and a specialization of #$OrganismClassificationType (q.v.). Instances of #$BiologicalTaxon correspond to ranked categories accepted by biologists for the classification of organisms according to their suspected evolutionary relationships. Such categories change as biologists learn more about the organisms involved and determine that existing classifications are more or less useful. They include all levels of taxons. Specializations of #$BiologicalTaxon include #$BiologicalOrder and #$BiologicalSpecies; instances include #$Marsupial and #$Person. See also #$BiologicalTaxonType.") (#$genls #$BiologicalTaxon #$OrganismClassificationType) (#$isa #$BiologicalTaxon #$CollectionType) (#$isa #$BiologicalTaxon #$SecondOrderCollection) (#$isa #$BiologicalTaxon #$SiblingDisjointCollectionType) (#$keStrongSuggestionPreds #$BiologicalTaxon #$superTaxons) (#$partitionedInto #$BiologicalTaxon #$BiologicalTaxonType) (#$sharedNotes #$BiologicalTaxon #$NoteOnOrganismClassification) (#$typeGenls #$BiologicalTaxon #$Organism-Whole) (#$comment #$BiologicalTaxonType "An instance of #$CollectionTypeType and a specialization of #$DisjointCollectionType (q.v.). Each instance of #$BiologicalTaxonType is a specialization of #$BiologicalTaxon (q.v.). Notable instances of #$BiologicalTaxonType include #$BiologicalSpecies, #$BiologicalClass, and #$BiologicalFamily.") (#$genls #$BiologicalTaxonType #$DisjointCollectionType) (#$genls #$BiologicalTaxonType #$SecondOrderCollection) (#$isa #$BiologicalTaxonType #$CollectionType) (#$isa #$BiologicalTaxonType #$CollectionTypeType) (#$isa #$BiologicalTaxonType #$DisjointCollectionType) (#$isa #$BiologicalTaxonType #$ThirdOrderCollection) (#$typeGenls #$BiologicalTaxonType #$BiologicalTaxon) (#$comment #$BiologyMt "An instance of both #$TheoryMicrotheory and #$GeneralMicrotheory. The #$BiologyMt contains general information about living things (instances of #$BiologicalLivingObject (q.v.)).") (#$genlMt #$BiologyMt #$BaseKB) (#$genlMt #$BiologyMt #$BaseKB) (#$genlMt #$BiologyMt #$BiologyVocabularyMt) (#$genlMt #$BiologyMt #$PhysicalAgentMt) (#$genlMt #$BiologyMt #$TransportationMt) (#$isa #$BiologyMt #$GeneralMicrotheory) (#$isa #$BiologyMt #$TheoryMicrotheory) (#$comment #$BiologyVocabularyMt "The #$VocabularyMicrotheory for #$BiologyMt.") (#$genlMt #$BiologyVocabularyMt #$BaseKB) (#$genlMt #$BiologyVocabularyMt #$PhysicalAgentVocabularyMt) (#$genlMt #$BiologyVocabularyMt #$TransportationVocabularyMt) (#$isa #$BiologyVocabularyMt #$VocabularyMicrotheory) (#$comment #$Bird "An instance of #$BiologicalClass, and a specialization of #$Vertebrate. Each instance of #$Bird is an air-breathing, warm-blooded, winged animal covered with feathers. Members of most, but not all, species of bird can fly.") (#$genls #$Bird #$AirBreathingVertebrate) (#$genls #$Bird #$Homeotherm) (#$genls #$Bird #$Individual) (#$genls #$Bird #$NonPersonAnimal) (#$genls #$Bird #$OviparousAnimal) (#$genls #$Bird #$TerrestrialOrganism) (#$genls #$Bird #$Vertebrate) (#$isa #$Bird #$BiologicalClass) (#$isa #$Bird #$ExistingObjectType) (#$isa #$Bird #$OrganismClassificationType) (#$arg1Format #$birthChild #$SingleEntry) (#$arg1Isa #$birthChild #$BirthEvent) (#$arg1Isa #$birthChild #$BirthEvent) (#$arg2Format #$birthChild #$SingleEntry) (#$arg2Isa #$birthChild #$Animal) (#$arg2Isa #$birthChild #$Animal) (#$argFormat #$birthChild 1 #$SingleEntry) (#$argFormat #$birthChild 2 #$SingleEntry) (#$argIsa #$birthChild 2 #$Animal) (#$argIsa #$birthChild 2 #$Animal) (#$argIsa #$birthChild 2 #$Animal) (#$argIsa #$birthChild 1 #$BirthEvent) (#$argIsa #$birthChild 1 #$BirthEvent) (#$argIsa #$birthChild 1 #$BirthEvent) (#$arity #$birthChild 2) (#$comment #$birthChild "(#$birthChild BIRTH ANIM) means that ANIM is the #$Animal that is born in the #$BirthEvent BIRTH.") (#$genlPreds #$birthChild #$bodilyActedOn) (#$genlPreds #$birthChild #$objectOfStateChange) (#$isa #$birthChild #$ActorSlot) (#$isa #$birthChild #$StrictlyFunctionalSlot) (#$relationAllExists #$birthChild #$BirthEvent #$Animal) (#$relationAllExists #$birthChild #$BirthEvent #$ViviparousAnimal) (#$strictlyFunctionalInArgs #$birthChild 1) (#$strictlyFunctionalInArgs #$birthChild 2) (#$minimizeExtent #$birthChild) (#$arg1Isa #$birthDate #$Entity) (#$arg2Isa #$birthDate #$Date) (#$argIsa #$birthDate 2 #$Date) (#$argIsa #$birthDate 2 #$Date) (#$argIsa #$birthDate 1 #$Entity) (#$argIsa #$birthDate 1 #$Entity) (#$arity #$birthDate 2) (#$comment #$birthDate "(#$birthDate X Y) indicates that the #$Entity X came into existence during #$Date Y. For people, this is the date at which they were born, hence the name of this predicate. The first argument to this predicate must be an #$Entity, and not just any old #$SomethingExisting, because we don't want to talk about the #$birthDate or #$dateOfDeath of a subabstraction like AlbertEinsteinWhileAtPrinceton; in other words, proper subabstractions will have #$startingDates and #$endingDates, but only true #$Entitys will have a #$birthDate or #$dateOfDeath. To specify the #$DayOfYearType on which a #$Person was born, use #$birthDay.") (#$genlPreds #$birthDate #$startingDate) (#$interArgFormat2-2 #$birthDate #$April #$SingleEntry) (#$interArgFormat2-2 #$birthDate #$April #$SingleEntry) (#$interArgFormat2-2 #$birthDate #$August #$SingleEntry) (#$interArgFormat2-2 #$birthDate #$August #$SingleEntry) (#$interArgFormat2-2 #$birthDate #$CalendarAutumn #$SingleEntry) (#$interArgFormat2-2 #$birthDate #$CalendarCentury #$SingleEntry) (#$interArgFormat2-2 #$birthDate #$CalendarDay #$SingleEntry) (#$interArgFormat2-2 #$birthDate #$CalendarDecade #$SingleEntry) (#$interArgFormat2-2 #$birthDate #$CalendarHalfCentury #$SingleEntry) (#$interArgFormat2-2 #$birthDate #$CalendarHour #$SingleEntry) (#$interArgFormat2-2 #$birthDate #$CalendarMinute #$SingleEntry) (#$interArgFormat2-2 #$birthDate #$CalendarMonth #$SingleEntry) (#$interArgFormat2-2 #$birthDate #$CalendarQuarter #$SingleEntry) (#$interArgFormat2-2 #$birthDate #$CalendarSeason #$SingleEntry) (#$interArgFormat2-2 #$birthDate #$CalendarSecond #$SingleEntry) (#$interArgFormat2-2 #$birthDate #$CalendarSpring #$SingleEntry) (#$interArgFormat2-2 #$birthDate #$CalendarSummer #$SingleEntry) (#$interArgFormat2-2 #$birthDate #$CalendarWeek #$SingleEntry) (#$interArgFormat2-2 #$birthDate #$CalendarWinter #$SingleEntry) (#$interArgFormat2-2 #$birthDate #$CalendarYear #$SingleEntry) (#$interArgFormat2-2 #$birthDate #$December #$SingleEntry) (#$interArgFormat2-2 #$birthDate #$December #$SingleEntry) (#$interArgFormat2-2 #$birthDate #$February #$SingleEntry) (#$interArgFormat2-2 #$birthDate #$February #$SingleEntry) (#$interArgFormat2-2 #$birthDate #$Friday #$SingleEntry) (#$interArgFormat2-2 #$birthDate #$Friday #$SingleEntry) (#$interArgFormat2-2 #$birthDate #$January #$SingleEntry) (#$interArgFormat2-2 #$birthDate #$January #$SingleEntry) (#$interArgFormat2-2 #$birthDate #$July #$SingleEntry) (#$interArgFormat2-2 #$birthDate #$July #$SingleEntry) (#$interArgFormat2-2 #$birthDate #$June #$SingleEntry) (#$interArgFormat2-2 #$birthDate #$June #$SingleEntry) (#$interArgFormat2-2 #$birthDate #$March #$SingleEntry) (#$interArgFormat2-2 #$birthDate #$March #$SingleEntry) (#$interArgFormat2-2 #$birthDate #$May #$SingleEntry) (#$interArgFormat2-2 #$birthDate #$May #$SingleEntry) (#$interArgFormat2-2 #$birthDate #$Monday #$SingleEntry) (#$interArgFormat2-2 #$birthDate #$Monday #$SingleEntry) (#$interArgFormat2-2 #$birthDate #$November #$SingleEntry) (#$interArgFormat2-2 #$birthDate #$November #$SingleEntry) (#$interArgFormat2-2 #$birthDate #$October #$SingleEntry) (#$interArgFormat2-2 #$birthDate #$October #$SingleEntry) (#$interArgFormat2-2 #$birthDate #$Saturday #$SingleEntry) (#$interArgFormat2-2 #$birthDate #$September #$SingleEntry) (#$interArgFormat2-2 #$birthDate #$September #$SingleEntry) (#$interArgFormat2-2 #$birthDate #$Sunday #$SingleEntry) (#$interArgFormat2-2 #$birthDate #$Thursday #$SingleEntry) (#$interArgFormat2-2 #$birthDate #$Thursday #$SingleEntry) (#$interArgFormat2-2 #$birthDate #$Tuesday #$SingleEntry) (#$interArgFormat2-2 #$birthDate #$Tuesday #$SingleEntry) (#$interArgFormat2-2 #$birthDate #$Wednesday #$SingleEntry) (#$interArgFormat2-2 #$birthDate #$Wednesday #$SingleEntry) (#$intraArgReln #$birthDate 2 #$temporallyIntersects) (#$isa #$birthDate #$BinaryPredicate) (#$isa #$birthDate #$ComplexTemporalPredicate) (#$relationAllExists #$birthDate #$Entity #$Date) (#$comment #$BirthEvent "The collection of events in which one animal (prototypically, a #$Mammal) gives birth to another. The mother is the #$birthParent and the child is the #$birthChild. Both are #$objectOfStateChange; the mother goes from being pregnant to not pregnant (therefore a #$BirthEvent is an instance of #$PregnancyEndingEvent), while the child changes from being inside the mother and relying on the mother for nutritional, respiratory, and excretory needs (called in CYC the #$Embryo life stage, although different English terms apply to different stages of in utero development in mammals and not all of these terms apply to live-born #$Fish) to the #$JuvenileAnimal life stage (see #$BiologicalStageOfDevelopment).") (#$genls #$BirthEvent #$BiologicalDevelopmentEvent) (#$genls #$BirthEvent #$EmittingAnObject) (#$genls #$BirthEvent #$Individual) (#$genls #$BirthEvent #$PregnancyEndingEvent) (#$genls #$BirthEvent #$SomethingAppearingSomewhere) (#$genls #$BirthEvent #$Translation-LocationChange) (#$isa #$BirthEvent #$DefaultDisjointScriptType) (#$isa #$BirthEvent #$TemporalObjectType) (#$siblingDisjointExceptions #$BirthEvent #$MedicalTreatmentEvent) (#$arg1Format #$birthParent #$openEntryFormatInArgs) (#$arg1Isa #$birthParent #$BirthEvent) (#$arg2Format #$birthParent #$singleEntryFormatInArgs) (#$arg2Isa #$birthParent #$Animal) (#$argFormat #$birthParent 1 #$openEntryFormatInArgs) (#$argFormat #$birthParent 2 #$singleEntryFormatInArgs) (#$argIsa #$birthParent 2 #$Animal) (#$argIsa #$birthParent 2 #$Animal) (#$argIsa #$birthParent 1 #$BirthEvent) (#$argIsa #$birthParent 1 #$BirthEvent) (#$arity #$birthParent 2) (#$comment #$birthParent "A predicate relating a birth event to the parent giving birth. (#$birthParent BIRTH PARENT) means that the #$Animal PARENT is the parent giving birth in the #$BirthEvent BIRTH. Note that PARENT is typically also the #$femaleParentActor of some preceding #$BiologicalReproductionEvent.") (#$functionalInArgs #$birthParent 2) (#$genlPreds #$birthParent #$bodilyDoer) (#$genlPreds #$birthParent #$objectOfStateChange) (#$isa #$birthParent #$ActorSlot) (#$isa #$birthParent #$StrictlyFunctionalSlot) (#$negationPreds #$birthParent #$birthChild) (#$typedGenlPreds #$birthParent #$bodilyDoer) (#$minimizeExtent #$birthParent) (#$argIsa #$Bit 0 #$SubLRealNumber) (#$argsIsa #$Bit #$SubLRealNumber) (#$argsIsa #$Bit #$SubLRealNumber) (#$arityMax #$Bit 2) (#$arityMin #$Bit 1) (#$comment #$Bit "A function and an instance of #$UnitOfComputerStorageCapacity, generally used to denote the #$sizeOfObject for some sort of #$ComputerFileCopy or #$ElectroMagneticIBT. Like all instances of #$UnitOfMeasure, its #$arity is variable between one and two, and its arguments must be instances of #$SubLRealNumber. If a single instance of #$SubLRealNumber is put in the argument position to this function, it returns a precise quantity of bits (which is an instance of #$ComputerMemoryCapacity). If two #$SubLRealNumbers are put in the argument position, it returns an interval (which is an instance of #$ComputerMemoryCapacity). Thus, (#$Bit NUM) denotes a particular quantity of binary bits. (#$Bit NUM1 NUM2) returns a range of binary bits. See also #$Byte, #$Megabyte.") (#$isa #$Bit #$UnitOfComputerResourceCapacity) (#$isa #$Bit #$UnitOfMeasureNoPrefix) (#$resultIsa #$Bit #$ComputerMemoryCapacity) (#$resultIsa #$Bit #$ComputerMemoryCapacity) (#$resultIsa #$Bit #$ScalarInterval) (#$comment #$BlimpTheAirship "#$BlimpTheAirship is a specialization of #$LighterThanAirCraft, #$TransportationDevice-Vehicle, and #$Balloon. Each instance of #$BlimpTheAirship is a dirigible, motorized, and lighter-than-air craft (airships). Each generally consists of a gas-filled gas-sack from which a control and passenger cabin hangs (the gas-sack may or may not have rigid reinforcement such as ribs). A #$BlimpTheAirship flies more slowly than an #$Airplane. They are also called blimps, dirigibles and Zeppelins.") (#$disjointWith #$BlimpTheAirship #$HotAirBalloon) (#$genls #$BlimpTheAirship #$Balloon) (#$genls #$BlimpTheAirship #$HexalateralObject) (#$genls #$BlimpTheAirship #$Individual) (#$genls #$BlimpTheAirship #$LighterThanAirCraft) (#$genls #$BlimpTheAirship #$TransportationContainerProduct) (#$genls #$BlimpTheAirship #$TransportationDevice-Vehicle) (#$isa #$BlimpTheAirship #$ExistingObjectType) (#$isa #$BlimpTheAirship #$ProductType) (#$comment #$BlockCloseToken "An instance of #$ProgramSyntaxObject. This token is used to signal a close of the current block of program steps.") (#$isa #$BlockCloseToken #$ProgramSyntaxObject) (#$comment #$BlockOpenToken "An instance of #$ProgramSyntaxObject. This token is used to signal the openning of a block of program steps.") (#$isa #$BlockOpenToken #$ProgramSyntaxObject) (#$comment #$BlueCollarWorker "A subcollection of #$PersonWithOccupation and an instance of #$PersonTypeByOccupation. Each instance of #$BlueCollarWorker is a person whose occupation is manual-labor intensive, sometimes demanding physical strength and, in some jobs, considerable skill, practical judgment, and work experience. Types of blue-collar workers include miners, truck drivers, steelworkers, construction workers, agricultural workers, laborers, mechanics, garbage collectors, assembly line workers, janitorial workers, etc. Their jobs may require some specialized training or apprenticeship but don't require a college degree.") (#$disjointWith #$BlueCollarWorker #$Doctor-Medical) (#$disjointWith #$BlueCollarWorker #$OrganizationRepresentative) (#$disjointWith #$BlueCollarWorker #$PublicOfficial) (#$genls #$BlueCollarWorker #$Individual) (#$genls #$BlueCollarWorker #$PersonWithOccupation) (#$isa #$BlueCollarWorker #$PersonTypeByOccupation) (#$arg1Isa #$boardMembers #$Organization) (#$arg1Isa #$boardMembers #$Organization) (#$arg2Format #$boardMembers #$SetTheFormat) (#$arg2Isa #$boardMembers #$Person) (#$arg2Isa #$boardMembers #$Person) (#$argFormat #$boardMembers 2 #$SetTheFormat) (#$argIsa #$boardMembers 1 #$Organization) (#$argIsa #$boardMembers 1 #$Organization) (#$argIsa #$boardMembers 1 #$Organization) (#$argIsa #$boardMembers 2 #$Person) (#$argIsa #$boardMembers 2 #$Person) (#$argIsa #$boardMembers 2 #$Person) (#$arity #$boardMembers 2) (#$comment #$boardMembers "The predicate #$boardMembers relates a particular organization to the persons who serve on its board of directors. (#$boardMembers ORG PERSON) means PERSON belongs to that instance of #$BoardOfDirectors which is responsible for oversight of the #$Organization ORG. A member of the Board of Directors of an organization may or may not be an executive of the organization.") (#$genlPreds #$boardMembers #$hasMembers) (#$genlPreds #$boardMembers #$receivesServicesFrom) (#$isa #$boardMembers #$BinaryPredicate) (#$isa #$boardMembers #$CotemporalPredicate) (#$isa #$boardMembers #$ObjectPredicate) (#$arg1Format #$bodilyActedOn #$SetTheFormat) (#$arg1Isa #$bodilyActedOn #$Event) (#$arg1Isa #$bodilyActedOn #$Event) (#$arg2Format #$bodilyActedOn #$SetTheFormat) (#$arg2Isa #$bodilyActedOn #$Organism-Whole) (#$arg2Isa #$bodilyActedOn #$Organism-Whole) (#$argFormat #$bodilyActedOn 1 #$SetTheFormat) (#$argFormat #$bodilyActedOn 2 #$SetTheFormat) (#$argIsa #$bodilyActedOn 1 #$Event) (#$argIsa #$bodilyActedOn 1 #$Event) (#$argIsa #$bodilyActedOn 1 #$Event) (#$argIsa #$bodilyActedOn 2 #$Organism-Whole) (#$argIsa #$bodilyActedOn 2 #$Organism-Whole) (#$argIsa #$bodilyActedOn 2 #$Organism-Whole) (#$arity #$bodilyActedOn 2) (#$comment #$bodilyActedOn "The predicate #$bodilyActedOn is used to describe an event in which a living organism is acted on by some external agency. (#$bodilyActedOn EVENT ORG) means that ORG is a living organism (i.e., an #$Organism-Whole) that is being affected in EVENT. ORG itself may be intentionally participating in EVENT (e.g., a person voluntarily getting a haircut) or not (e.g., an animal hit by a car). Either way, the organism ORG is not an active primary `doer' of EVENT. This predicate is appropriately used to identify actors who undergo (instances of) #$DrugTherapy or #$IncurringAnInjury. Note an important contrast with #$bodilyDoer (q.v.): #$bodilyActedOn is for events that merely happen to the body, as opposed to actions the body does. Because the body of an organism is an active `doer' in its instances of #$PhysiologicalCondition, including any #$InjuryCondition (which is the physical process of a body sustaining an injury and responding by healing or deteriorating), an organism is related to events of those kinds with #$bodilyDoer rather than #$bodilyActedOn. By contrast, organisms involved in instances of #$DrugTherapy (which refers to the effect of a drug on the patient) or #$IncurringAnInjury (which refers to the event in which an organism gets injured, rather than the process of its being in an injured and hopefully healing state) should be related to events of those types with #$bodilyActedOn.") (#$genlPreds #$bodilyActedOn #$objectActedOn) (#$isa #$bodilyActedOn #$ActorSlot) (#$relationAllExists #$bodilyActedOn #$Surgery #$Animal) (#$minimizeExtent #$bodilyActedOn) (#$arg1Format #$bodilyDoer #$SetTheFormat) (#$arg1Isa #$bodilyDoer #$PhysicalEvent) (#$arg1Isa #$bodilyDoer #$PhysicalEvent) (#$arg2Format #$bodilyDoer #$SetTheFormat) (#$arg2Isa #$bodilyDoer #$Organism-Whole) (#$arg2Isa #$bodilyDoer #$Organism-Whole) (#$argFormat #$bodilyDoer 1 #$SetTheFormat) (#$argFormat #$bodilyDoer 2 #$SetTheFormat) (#$argIsa #$bodilyDoer 2 #$Organism-Whole) (#$argIsa #$bodilyDoer 2 #$Organism-Whole) (#$argIsa #$bodilyDoer 2 #$Organism-Whole) (#$argIsa #$bodilyDoer 1 #$PhysicalEvent) (#$argIsa #$bodilyDoer 1 #$PhysicalEvent) (#$argIsa #$bodilyDoer 1 #$PhysicalEvent) (#$arity #$bodilyDoer 2) (#$comment #$bodilyDoer "The predicate #$bodilyDoer relates an instance of #$PhysicalEvent to an instance of #$Organism-Whole, where the latter is a non-deliberate doer of the former (so that the instance of #$Organism-Whole acts without conscious intention or volition). (#$bodilyDoer EVENT DOER) means that DOER does EVENT (i.e., DOER is not merely subjected to EVENT by external forces), but DOER does EVENT non-deliberately. Note that for certain kinds of actions -- for example, physical growth, peristalsis, and reflex actions -- organisms are necessarily merely #$bodilyDoers. For other actions, such as breathing, flinching, or shouting, an organism commonly (but not necessarily) acts as a #$bodilyDoer, although some cases of such events may be deliberately performed by (see the predicate #$performedBy) the doer. Note: an organism which dies of natural causes (#$Dying) is the #$bodilyDoer of that event, because of the internal processes the body performs during #$Dying. Also, in certain #$PhysiologicalConditions, including an #$AilmentCondition (such as #$DiabetesMellitus) or a healing process, organisms are considered to be #$bodilyDoers because their own bodily processes are creating or sustaining those conditions. An organism killed by an external agent, however, is just the #$bodilyActedOn (q.v.) in that event; therefore, instances of #$Killing-Biological should use #$bodilyActedOn to refer to the organism killed.") (#$equivPredsWRTTypes #$bodilyDoer #$doneBy #$BodilyFunctionEvent-Involuntary #$Organism-Whole) (#$genlPreds #$bodilyDoer #$doneBy) (#$genlPreds #$bodilyDoer #$nonDeliberateActors) (#$genlPredsWRTTypes #$bodilyDoer #$doneBy #$BodilyFunctionEvent-Involuntary #$Organism-Whole) (#$genlPredsWRTTypes #$bodilyDoer #$deathOf #$Dying #$Organism-Whole) (#$interArgFormat1-2 #$bodilyDoer #$BodilyFunctionEvent #$SingleEntry) (#$interArgFormat1-2 #$bodilyDoer #$PhysiologicalCondition #$SingleEntry) (#$interArgIsa1-2 #$bodilyDoer #$Exhaling #$AirBreathingVertebrate) (#$interArgIsa1-2 #$bodilyDoer #$Inhaling #$AirBreathingVertebrate) (#$interArgIsa1-2 #$bodilyDoer #$AnimalActivity #$Animal) (#$interArgIsa1-2 #$bodilyDoer #$Starvation #$Animal) (#$isa #$bodilyDoer #$ActorSlot) (#$isa #$bodilyDoer #$BinaryPredicate) (#$isa #$bodilyDoer #$IndividualLevelPredicate) (#$relationAllExists #$bodilyDoer #$Breathing #$AirBreathingVertebrate) (#$relationAllExists #$bodilyDoer #$Breathing #$AirBreathingVertebrate) (#$relationAllExists #$bodilyDoer #$Exhaling #$AirBreathingVertebrate) (#$relationAllExists #$bodilyDoer #$Inhaling #$AirBreathingVertebrate) (#$relationAllExists #$bodilyDoer #$Starvation #$Animal) (#$relationAllExists #$bodilyDoer #$BiologicalEvent #$Organism-Whole) (#$relationAllExists #$bodilyDoer #$Dying #$Organism-Whole) (#$relationAllExists #$bodilyDoer #$BiologicalEvent #$PartiallyTangible) (#$relationAllExistsCount #$bodilyDoer #$BodilyFunctionEvent #$Animal 1) (#$relationExistsAll #$bodilyDoer #$Breathing #$Mammal) (#$minimizeExtent #$bodilyDoer) (#$comment #$BodilyFunctionEvent "A specialization of both #$AnimalActivity and #$PhysiologicalProcess. Each specialization of #$BodilyFunctionEvent is a type of action done by an animal that can be (and often is) done without the doer's conscious volition. Specializations of #$BodilyFunctionEvent include #$Breathing, #$Swallowing, and #$DigestionEvent. If an instance of #$BodilyFunctionEvent involves the doer moving all or part of its body, either volitionally or as a reflex, it is also an instance of #$BodyMovementEvent.") (#$genls #$BodilyFunctionEvent #$AnimalActivity) (#$genls #$BodilyFunctionEvent #$Individual) (#$genls #$BodilyFunctionEvent #$PhysiologicalProcess) (#$genls #$BodilyFunctionEvent #$SingleDoerAction) (#$isa #$BodilyFunctionEvent #$DefaultDisjointScriptType) (#$isa #$BodilyFunctionEvent #$TemporalStuffType) (#$siblingDisjointExceptions #$BodilyFunctionEvent #$BiologicalEvent) (#$siblingDisjointExceptions #$BodilyFunctionEvent #$BodyMovementEvent) (#$siblingDisjointExceptions #$BodilyFunctionEvent #$CoolingProcess) (#$siblingDisjointExceptions #$BodilyFunctionEvent #$EnclosingSomething) (#$siblingDisjointExceptions #$BodilyFunctionEvent #$GenerationOrConversionEvent) (#$siblingDisjointExceptions #$BodilyFunctionEvent #$PhysicalCreationEvent) (#$siblingDisjointExceptions #$BodilyFunctionEvent #$PhysicalDestructionEvent) (#$siblingDisjointExceptions #$BodilyFunctionEvent #$Production-Generic) (#$siblingDisjointExceptions #$BodilyFunctionEvent #$TemperatureChangingProcess) (#$siblingDisjointExceptions #$BodilyFunctionEvent #$TranslationAlongInternalLivingStructure) (#$siblingDisjointExceptions #$BodilyFunctionEvent #$VoluntaryBodyMovement) (#$comment #$BodilyFunctionEvent-Involuntary "A specialization of #$BodilyFunctionEvent. Each specialization of #$BodilyFunctionEvent-Involuntary is a type of event each instance of which is done without conscious volition. Consequently, in each instance of #$BodilyFunctionEvent-Involuntary, the `doer' of the event is a non-deliberate actor in that event (see the predicate #$nonDeliberateActors). Specializations of #$BodilyFunctionEvent-Involuntary include #$InvoluntaryBodyMovement, #$Bleeding, and #$ExperiencingHunger.") (#$disjointWith #$BodilyFunctionEvent-Involuntary #$LearnedActivity) (#$disjointWith #$BodilyFunctionEvent-Involuntary #$LearnedActivity) (#$genls #$BodilyFunctionEvent-Involuntary #$BiologicalEvent) (#$genls #$BodilyFunctionEvent-Involuntary #$BodilyFunctionEvent) (#$genls #$BodilyFunctionEvent-Involuntary #$Individual) (#$isa #$BodilyFunctionEvent-Involuntary #$DefaultDisjointScriptType) (#$isa #$BodilyFunctionEvent-Involuntary #$TemporalStuffType) (#$siblingDisjointExceptions #$BodilyFunctionEvent-Involuntary #$PhysicalCreationEvent) (#$siblingDisjointExceptions #$BodilyFunctionEvent-Involuntary #$PhysicalDestructionEvent) (#$siblingDisjointExceptions #$BodilyFunctionEvent-Involuntary #$Production-Generic) (#$comment #$BodyMovementEvent "A specialization of #$AnimalActivity. Each instance of #$BodyMovementEvent is an event in which an #$Animal moves a part of its own body, whether intentionally or reflexively. Specializations of this collection include #$TakingAStep, #$BlockingAPunch, #$Hiccoughing, and #$BlinkingOnesEyes.") (#$genls #$BodyMovementEvent #$AnimalActivity) (#$genls #$BodyMovementEvent #$Individual) (#$genls #$BodyMovementEvent #$MovementOrShapeChangeEvent) (#$genls #$BodyMovementEvent #$SingleDoerAction) (#$isa #$BodyMovementEvent #$AnimalCapabilityType) (#$isa #$BodyMovementEvent #$DefaultDisjointScriptType) (#$isa #$BodyMovementEvent #$TemporalObjectType) (#$siblingDisjointExceptions #$BodyMovementEvent #$BiologicalEvent) (#$siblingDisjointExceptions #$BodyMovementEvent #$BodilyFunctionEvent-Involuntary) (#$siblingDisjointExceptions #$BodyMovementEvent #$GenerationOrConversionEvent) (#$siblingDisjointExceptions #$BodyMovementEvent #$PhysicalCreationEvent) (#$siblingDisjointExceptions #$BodyMovementEvent #$PhysicalDestructionEvent) (#$siblingDisjointExceptions #$BodyMovementEvent #$Talking) (#$siblingDisjointExceptions #$BodyMovementEvent #$TranslationAlongInternalLivingStructure) (#$siblingDisjointExceptions #$BodyMovementEvent #$TransportingPeople) (#$comment #$BodyOfWater "A collection of topographical features. Each instance of #$BodyOfWater is a natural or artificial body of water. Instances may belong to specializations as #$Lake, #$Stream, and #$Ocean. #$BodyOfWater includes #$Reservoirs, #$Canals, and navigation channels that are developed and/or enlarged by humans. However, it does not include smaller purely-artificial bodies of water such as #$SwimmingPools or tanks of water. #$Glaciers and snowpacks are not included, but lakes and ponds that are sometimes liquid are included, even if they have an ice crust or are solidly frozen. Examples of #$BodyOfWater include #$HudsonBay, #$PanamaCanal, #$AdriaticSea, #$BayOfBengal, and #$NiagaraFalls.") (#$disjointWith #$BodyOfWater #$GaseousTangibleThing) (#$disjointWith #$BodyOfWater #$GeoculturalRegion) (#$disjointWith #$BodyOfWater #$LandStuff) (#$disjointWith #$BodyOfWater #$OrganicStuff) (#$genls #$BodyOfWater #$Individual) (#$genls #$BodyOfWater #$TopAndBottomSidedObject) (#$genls #$BodyOfWater #$TopographicalFeature) (#$genls #$BodyOfWater #$Water) (#$isa #$BodyOfWater #$ExistingObjectType) (#$comment #$BodyOfWater-Large "Bodies of water which are substantial in some sense. For example, a #$Puddle or a small #$Creek are not substantial bodies of water, but #$Oceans and many #$Lakes are. A #$BodyOfWater-Large tends to be permanent, not seasonal (though there are exceptions). Large bodies of water count as water area in geographical calculations, while non-large bodies of water do not.") (#$genls #$BodyOfWater-Large #$BodyOfWater) (#$genls #$BodyOfWater-Large #$Individual) (#$isa #$BodyOfWater-Large #$ExistingObjectType) (#$arg1Isa #$BodyPartCollectionFn #$Animal) (#$arg1Isa #$BodyPartCollectionFn #$Animal) (#$arg2Genl #$BodyPartCollectionFn #$AnimalBodyPart) (#$arg2Genl #$BodyPartCollectionFn #$AnimalBodyPart) (#$arg2Isa #$BodyPartCollectionFn #$AnimalBodyPartType) (#$arg2Isa #$BodyPartCollectionFn #$AnimalBodyPartType) (#$argGenl #$BodyPartCollectionFn 2 #$AnimalBodyPart) (#$argGenl #$BodyPartCollectionFn 2 #$AnimalBodyPart) (#$argGenl #$BodyPartCollectionFn 2 #$AnimalBodyPart) (#$argIsa #$BodyPartCollectionFn 1 #$Animal) (#$argIsa #$BodyPartCollectionFn 1 #$Animal) (#$argIsa #$BodyPartCollectionFn 1 #$Animal) (#$argIsa #$BodyPartCollectionFn 2 #$AnimalBodyPartType) (#$argIsa #$BodyPartCollectionFn 2 #$AnimalBodyPartType) (#$argIsa #$BodyPartCollectionFn 2 #$AnimalBodyPartType) (#$arity #$BodyPartCollectionFn 2) (#$comment #$BodyPartCollectionFn "An instance of #$CollectionDenotingFunction. When applied to an instance ANIMAL of #$Animal, and a specialization PART-TYPE of #$AnimalBodyPart, #$BodyPartCollectionFn returns the collection of all instances of PART-TYPE that are part (see #$anatomicalParts) of ANIMAL. For example, (#$BodyPartCollectionFn #$BritneySpears #$Fingernail) is the collection whose instances are Britney Spears's fingernails.") (#$isa #$BodyPartCollectionFn #$BinaryFunction) (#$isa #$BodyPartCollectionFn #$CollectionDenotingFunction) (#$isa #$BodyPartCollectionFn #$ReifiableFunction) (#$resultGenlArg #$BodyPartCollectionFn 2) (#$resultGenl #$BodyPartCollectionFn #$AnimalBodyPart) (#$resultGenl #$BodyPartCollectionFn #$AnimalBodyPart) (#$resultGenl #$BodyPartCollectionFn #$Individual) (#$resultIsa #$BodyPartCollectionFn #$ExistingObjectType) (#$arg1Isa #$BodyPartFn #$Animal) (#$arg1Isa #$BodyPartFn #$Animal) (#$arg2Genl #$BodyPartFn #$AnimalBodyPart) (#$arg2Genl #$BodyPartFn #$AnimalBodyPart) (#$arg2Isa #$BodyPartFn #$AnimalBodyPartType) (#$arg2Isa #$BodyPartFn #$AnimalBodyPartType) (#$arg2Isa #$BodyPartFn #$UniqueAnatomicalPartType) (#$arg2Isa #$BodyPartFn #$UniqueAnatomicalPartType) (#$argGenl #$BodyPartFn 2 #$AnimalBodyPart) (#$argGenl #$BodyPartFn 2 #$AnimalBodyPart) (#$argGenl #$BodyPartFn 2 #$AnimalBodyPart) (#$argIsa #$BodyPartFn 1 #$Animal) (#$argIsa #$BodyPartFn 1 #$Animal) (#$argIsa #$BodyPartFn 1 #$Animal) (#$argIsa #$BodyPartFn 2 #$AnimalBodyPartType) (#$argIsa #$BodyPartFn 2 #$AnimalBodyPartType) (#$argIsa #$BodyPartFn 2 #$AnimalBodyPartType) (#$argIsa #$BodyPartFn 2 #$UniqueAnatomicalPartType) (#$argIsa #$BodyPartFn 2 #$UniqueAnatomicalPartType) (#$argIsa #$BodyPartFn 2 #$UniqueAnatomicalPartType) (#$arity #$BodyPartFn 2) (#$comment #$BodyPartFn "An instance of both #$IndividualDenotingFunction and #$ReifiableFunction. (#$BodyPartFn ANIMAL UNIQUE-PART-TYPE), when the corresponding arguments are instances of #$Animal and #$UniqueAnatomicalPartType, denotes the instance of UNIQUE-PART-TYPE which is part of ANIMAL. For example, (#$BodyPartFn #$GeorgeWashington #$Heart) is George Washington's heart.") (#$functionCorrespondingPredicate-Canonical #$BodyPartFn #$anatomicalPartOfType 3) (#$isa #$BodyPartFn #$BinaryFunction) (#$isa #$BodyPartFn #$IndividualDenotingFunction) (#$isa #$BodyPartFn #$ReifiableFunction) (#$resultIsaArg #$BodyPartFn 2) (#$resultIsaArg #$BodyPartFn 2) (#$resultIsa #$BodyPartFn #$AnimalBodyPart) (#$resultIsa #$BodyPartFn #$AnimalBodyPart) (#$resultIsa #$BodyPartFn #$AnimalBodyPart) (#$resultIsa #$BodyPartFn #$Individual) (#$comment #$Boiling "A collection of events. In each #$Boiling, a piece of liquid matter is raised to its #$boilingPoint and is thereby changed from being in the #$Liquid-StateOfMatter to being in the #$Gaseous-StateOfMatter. Note: this is not intended to cover the cases of heat/evacuation causing a solid to sublime directly into a gas.") (#$disjointWith #$Boiling #$ShreddingEvent) (#$genls #$Boiling #$Individual) (#$genls #$Boiling #$PhysicalDestructionEvent) (#$genls #$Boiling #$StateOfMatterChangeEvent) (#$isa #$Boiling #$DefaultDisjointScriptType) (#$isa #$Boiling #$TemporalObjectType) (#$arg1Isa #$boilingPoint #$PartiallyTangible) (#$arg1Isa #$boilingPoint #$PartiallyTangible) (#$arg2Format #$boilingPoint #$IntervalEntry) (#$arg2Format #$boilingPoint #$IntervalEntry) (#$arg2Isa #$boilingPoint #$Temperature) (#$arg2Isa #$boilingPoint #$Temperature) (#$argFormat #$boilingPoint 2 #$IntervalEntry) (#$argFormat #$boilingPoint 2 #$IntervalEntry) (#$argIsa #$boilingPoint 1 #$PartiallyTangible) (#$argIsa #$boilingPoint 1 #$PartiallyTangible) (#$argIsa #$boilingPoint 1 #$PartiallyTangible) (#$argIsa #$boilingPoint 2 #$Temperature) (#$argIsa #$boilingPoint 2 #$Temperature) (#$argIsa #$boilingPoint 2 #$Temperature) (#$arity #$boilingPoint 2) (#$comment #$boilingPoint "(#$boilingPoint STUFF TEMP) means that TEMP is the temperature at which the substance STUFF changes from having the attribute #$Liquid-StateOfMatter to #$Gaseous-StateOfMatter (when sufficient energy is input to raise STUFF's temperature through that point). Note that the boiling point of most substances is context-dependent; on a mountaintop in Tibet the boiling point of water is much lower than it is in New York City.") (#$functionalInArgs #$boilingPoint 2) (#$functionalInArgs #$boilingPoint 2) (#$isa #$boilingPoint #$IntervalBasedQuantitySlot) (#$isa #$boilingPoint #$TangibleObjectPredicate) (#$relationAllInstance #$boilingPoint #$Water (#$DegreeCelsius 100)) (#$comment #$Book-CW "A specialization of #$PropositionalConceptualWork and #$BookGeneric-CW. Each instance of #$Book-CW is an abstract work intended to be instantiated as a book of some sort. Instances of #$Book-CW may be intended to be instantiated in any book format: hardcopy (see #$BookCopy), electronic, audio tape, etc. Instances of #$Book-CW are usually also instances of #$TextualPCW, but some may be comprised of mainly non-propositional information, such as images. Note that books with no propositional information (such as certain coloring books) would not be instances of this specialization of #$BookGeneric-CW.") (#$genls #$Book-CW #$BookGeneric-CW) (#$genls #$Book-CW #$Individual) (#$genls #$Book-CW #$PropositionalConceptualWork) (#$isa #$Book-CW #$ObjectType) (#$isa #$Book-CW #$ProductType) (#$comment #$BookGeneric-CW "A specialization of #$ConceptualWork. Each instance of the collection #$BookGeneric-CW is an abstract work intended to be instantiated as a book of some sort (hardcopy, electronic, audio tape or compact disc, etc.). An important specialization is #$Book-CW, instances of which are books that contain propositional information.") (#$genls #$BookGeneric-CW #$ConceptualWork) (#$genls #$BookGeneric-CW #$Individual) (#$genls #$BookGeneric-CW #$PublishedMaterial) (#$isa #$BookGeneric-CW #$ObjectType) (#$comment #$BookkeepingMt "A #$Microtheory for stating basic bookkeeping information regarding the Cyc Knowledge Base, such as assertions using #$myCreator or #$myCreationTime.") (#$genlMt #$BookkeepingMt #$BaseKB) (#$genlMt #$BookkeepingMt #$BaseKB) (#$genlMt #$BookkeepingMt #$CyclistsMt) (#$genlMt #$BookkeepingMt #$DataForNLMt) (#$isa #$BookkeepingMt #$BroadMicrotheory) (#$isa #$BookkeepingMt #$CoreConstant) (#$isa #$BookkeepingMt #$Microtheory) (#$comment #$BookkeepingPredicate "A collection of predicates used to make assertions about the creation and internal representation of particular CycL constants in the Cyc system. Bookkeeping predicates neither specify nor constrain the semantics of CycL constants. Examples include #$myCreator, #$myCreationTime, #$termOfUnit, #$multiplicationUnits, and #$defnSufficient.") (#$genls #$BookkeepingPredicate #$Predicate) (#$genls #$BookkeepingPredicate #$Predicate) (#$isa #$BookkeepingPredicate #$AtemporalNecessarilyEssentialCollectionType) (#$isa #$BookkeepingPredicate #$Collection) (#$isa #$BookkeepingPredicate #$CoreConstant) (#$isa #$BookkeepingPredicate #$PredicateCategory) (#$comment #$Border "The collection of all lines, linear regions, or dividing planes or surfaces--physical or abstract--that each constitutes the boundary between (#$formsBorderBetween) two regions (i.e., two instances of #$SpatialThing).") (#$genls #$Border #$SpatialThing-Localized) (#$isa #$Border #$Collection) (#$isa #$Border #$ObjectType) (#$arg1Isa #$BorderBetweenFn #$GeographicalRegion) (#$arg1Isa #$BorderBetweenFn #$GeographicalRegion) (#$arg2Isa #$BorderBetweenFn #$GeographicalRegion) (#$arg2Isa #$BorderBetweenFn #$GeographicalRegion) (#$argIsa #$BorderBetweenFn 1 #$GeographicalRegion) (#$argIsa #$BorderBetweenFn 1 #$GeographicalRegion) (#$argIsa #$BorderBetweenFn 1 #$GeographicalRegion) (#$argIsa #$BorderBetweenFn 2 #$GeographicalRegion) (#$argIsa #$BorderBetweenFn 2 #$GeographicalRegion) (#$argIsa #$BorderBetweenFn 2 #$GeographicalRegion) (#$arity #$BorderBetweenFn 2) (#$comment #$BorderBetweenFn "(#$BorderBetweenFn REG1 REG2), applied to two individual #$GeographicalRegions REG1 REG2, returns the entire intangible #$Border (if any) that separates them. To identify arbitrarily large or small segments of borders see #$formsBorderPart. The border returned by #$BorderBetweenFn may be discontinuous (such as the border between France and Spain, interrupted by Andorra), or circular (such as the border between Italy and San Marino), or in abnormal cases it may even have multiple disconnected and nested cyclic fragments (the border between Belgium and Netherlands, due to the Baarle-Nassau and Baarle-Hartog enclaves), or move back and forth periodically (such as at the Isle des Faisans). In any case, (#$BorderBetweenFn REG1 REG2) must denote exactly one object (if it denotes at all) since #$BorderBetweenFn is a function. #$BorderBetweenFn is undefined for pairs of regions that do not actually share a border, such as #$Albania and #$UnitedStatesOfAmerica. For example, if Cyc concludes that (#$not (#$bordersOn #$UnitedStatesOfAmerica #$Albania)), then it should conclude (#$undefined (#$BorderBetweenFn #$Albania #$UnitedStatesOfAmerica)).--Rode, Oct 21, 1997. See also #$borderBetweenRegions, which is a (canonically) corresponding predicate for this function.") (#$interArgReln #$BorderBetweenFn 1 2 #$bordersOn) (#$isa #$BorderBetweenFn #$BinaryFunction) (#$isa #$BorderBetweenFn #$CommutativeRelation) (#$isa #$BorderBetweenFn #$IndividualDenotingFunction) (#$isa #$BorderBetweenFn #$PartialDenotationalFunction) (#$isa #$BorderBetweenFn #$ReifiableFunction) (#$resultIsa #$BorderBetweenFn #$Border) (#$resultIsa #$BorderBetweenFn #$Individual) (#$resultIsa #$BorderBetweenFn #$IntangibleExistingThing) (#$comment #$BordersMt "This mt just contains a few general assertions about borders. It is intended to be used as a #$genlMt by the #$GeographyMt and the #$InternationalTrafficMt.") (#$genlMt #$BordersMt #$BaseKB) (#$genlMt #$BordersMt #$BaseKB) (#$genlMt #$BordersMt #$BordersVocabularyMt) (#$genlMt #$BordersMt #$NaiveSpatialMt) (#$isa #$BordersMt #$GeneralMicrotheory) (#$isa #$BordersMt #$TheoryMicrotheory) (#$arg1Format #$bordersOn #$SetTheFormat) (#$arg1Isa #$bordersOn #$GeographicalRegion) (#$arg1Isa #$bordersOn #$GeographicalRegion) (#$arg2Format #$bordersOn #$SetTheFormat) (#$arg2Isa #$bordersOn #$GeographicalRegion) (#$arg2Isa #$bordersOn #$GeographicalRegion) (#$argFormat #$bordersOn 1 #$SetTheFormat) (#$argFormat #$bordersOn 2 #$SetTheFormat) (#$argIsa #$bordersOn 1 #$GeographicalRegion) (#$argIsa #$bordersOn 1 #$GeographicalRegion) (#$argIsa #$bordersOn 1 #$GeographicalRegion) (#$argIsa #$bordersOn 2 #$GeographicalRegion) (#$argIsa #$bordersOn 2 #$GeographicalRegion) (#$argIsa #$bordersOn 2 #$GeographicalRegion) (#$arity #$bordersOn 2) (#$comment #$bordersOn "(#$bordersOn REGION1 REGION2) means that the #$GeographicalRegions REGION1 and REGION2 are physically adjacent to each other and do not overlap, i.e. there is a border between them. Examples: (#$bordersOn #$CentralUSATimeZone #$MountainUSATimeZone), (#$bordersOn (#$TerritoryFn #$Nepal) (#$TerritoryFn #$Tibet)).") (#$genlInverse #$bordersOn #$bordersOn) (#$genlPreds #$bordersOn #$adjacentTo) (#$genlPreds #$bordersOn #$onSamePlanetSurfaceAs) (#$genlPreds #$bordersOn #$touchesDirectly-Apartanomic) (#$isa #$bordersOn #$InterExistingObjectPredicate) (#$isa #$bordersOn #$IrreflexiveBinaryPredicate) (#$isa #$bordersOn #$SpatialPredicate) (#$isa #$bordersOn #$SymmetricBinaryPredicate) (#$negationPreds #$bordersOn #$subRegions) (#$arg1Isa #$borderSubRegions #$Surface-Open) (#$arg1Isa #$borderSubRegions #$Surface-Open) (#$arg2Isa #$borderSubRegions #$Surface-Open) (#$arg2Isa #$borderSubRegions #$Surface-Open) (#$argIsa #$borderSubRegions 1 #$Surface-Open) (#$argIsa #$borderSubRegions 1 #$Surface-Open) (#$argIsa #$borderSubRegions 1 #$Surface-Open) (#$argIsa #$borderSubRegions 2 #$Surface-Open) (#$argIsa #$borderSubRegions 2 #$Surface-Open) (#$argIsa #$borderSubRegions 2 #$Surface-Open) (#$arity #$borderSubRegions 2) (#$comment #$borderSubRegions "(#$borderSubRegions REGION BORDERREGION) means that BORDERREGION is a subregion of REGION which borders on some region outside of REGION.") (#$genlPreds #$borderSubRegions #$subRegions) (#$isa #$borderSubRegions #$AntiSymmetricBinaryPredicate) (#$isa #$borderSubRegions #$PartPredicate) (#$isa #$borderSubRegions #$ReflexiveBinaryPredicate) (#$isa #$borderSubRegions #$SpatialPredicate) (#$isa #$borderSubRegions #$TransitiveBinaryPredicate) (#$comment #$BordersVocabularyMt "The #$VocabularyMicrotheory for #$BordersMt.") (#$genlMt #$BordersVocabularyMt #$BaseKB) (#$genlMt #$BordersVocabularyMt #$NaiveSpatialVocabularyMt) (#$isa #$BordersVocabularyMt #$VocabularyMicrotheory) (#$comment #$Bored "A specialization of #$IntelligentAgent. Each instance is an agent in the emotional state of being bored. Use this constant with a #$GenericValueFunction to denote a collection of agents that are in this emotional state to some varying degree.") (#$genls #$Bored #$Individual) (#$genls #$Bored #$Listless) (#$isa #$Bored #$AgentTypeByEmotionalState) (#$isa #$Bored #$FirstOrderCollection) (#$comment #$Boredom "The attribute-type associated with dissatisfaction, weariness, or restlessness accompanied by a felt lack of interest in what is going on around one. A specialization of #$Listlessness. (For the rationale behind treating feelings as types -- i.e. collections -- of attributes, see the comment on #$Happiness.)") (#$genls #$Boredom #$Listlessness) (#$isa #$Boredom #$AtemporalNecessarilyEssentialCollectionType) (#$isa #$Boredom #$FeelingType) (#$comment #$BorrowingSomething "A collection of events; a subcollection of #$TemporaryChangeOfUserRights. In an instance of #$BorrowingSomething, an #$Agent takes temporary control of something, usually with the permission of its owner(s). Generally, the lending agent expects the borrowing agent to use the object for one of its normal functions (see #$intendedBehaviorCapable).") (#$genls #$BorrowingSomething #$Individual) (#$genls #$BorrowingSomething #$TemporaryChangeOfUserRights) (#$genls #$BorrowingSomething #$TransferringPossession) (#$isa #$BorrowingSomething #$AccessingScriptType) (#$isa #$BorrowingSomething #$DefaultDisjointScriptType) (#$isa #$BorrowingSomething #$TemporalObjectType) (#$arg1Format #$boss #$openEntryFormatInArgs) (#$arg1Isa #$boss #$Person) (#$arg1Isa #$boss #$Person) (#$arg2Format #$boss #$openEntryFormatInArgs) (#$arg2Isa #$boss #$Person) (#$arg2Isa #$boss #$Person) (#$argFormat #$boss 1 #$openEntryFormatInArgs) (#$argFormat #$boss 2 #$openEntryFormatInArgs) (#$argIsa #$boss 1 #$Person) (#$argIsa #$boss 1 #$Person) (#$argIsa #$boss 1 #$Person) (#$argIsa #$boss 2 #$Person) (#$argIsa #$boss 2 #$Person) (#$argIsa #$boss 2 #$Person) (#$arity #$boss 2) (#$comment #$boss "(#$boss SUPERVISEE SUPERVISOR) means that SUPERVISOR is an immediate boss or supervisor of SUPERVISEE.") (#$genlInverse #$boss #$acquaintedWith) (#$genlInverse #$boss #$superiors) (#$genlPreds #$boss #$acquaintedWith) (#$isa #$boss #$AntiSymmetricBinaryPredicate) (#$isa #$boss #$BinaryPredicate) (#$isa #$boss #$CotemporalObjectsSlot) (#$isa #$boss #$InterExistingObjectPredicate) (#$isa #$boss #$InterPersonalRelationSlot) (#$comment #$BotanicalOrgan "A specialization of #$PlantPart. Each instance of #$BotanicalOrgan is a major morphological and functional feature of an individual plant. Notable specializations of #$BotanicalOrgan include #$Flower-BotanicalPart, #$Leaf, and #$Stem.") (#$genls #$BotanicalOrgan #$Individual) (#$genls #$BotanicalOrgan #$PlantPart) (#$isa #$BotanicalOrgan #$ExistingObjectType) (#$comment #$BotanyMt "An instance of both #$TheoryMicrotheory and #$GeneralMicrotheory. The #$BotanyMt contains general information about the kingdom of plants (see the collection #$Plant).") (#$genlMt #$BotanyMt #$BaseKB) (#$genlMt #$BotanyMt #$BaseKB) (#$genlMt #$BotanyMt #$BiologyMt) (#$genlMt #$BotanyMt #$BotanyVocabularyMt) (#$isa #$BotanyMt #$GeneralMicrotheory) (#$isa #$BotanyMt #$TheoryMicrotheory) (#$comment #$BotanyVocabularyMt "The #$VocabularyMicrotheory for #$BotanyMt.") (#$genlMt #$BotanyVocabularyMt #$BaseKB) (#$genlMt #$BotanyVocabularyMt #$BiologyVocabularyMt) (#$isa #$BotanyVocabularyMt #$VocabularyMicrotheory) (#$comment #$BottomSide "The collection of all the entire bottom sides (as conventionally understood) of all objects that have distinct #$Sides, one of which faces down.") (#$genls #$BottomSide #$Individual) (#$genls #$BottomSide #$Side) (#$isa #$BottomSide #$RegionType) (#$comment #$Brain "A specialization of #$InternalOrgan. Each instance of #$Brain is an organ that controls most bodily movement and receives sensory input from the body and objects outside the body.") (#$genls #$Brain #$Individual) (#$genls #$Brain #$InternalOrgan) (#$isa #$Brain #$AnimalBodyPartType) (#$isa #$Brain #$UniqueAnatomicalPartType) (#$isa #$Brain #$UniqueAnatomicalPartType) (#$isa #$Brain #$UniqueAnatomicalPartType) (#$comment #$BranchOfMilitaryService "A specialization of #$ModernMilitaryOrganization. Each instance of #$BranchOfMilitaryService is one of the main overarching organizations in a modern military command structure. Thus, for any given modern nation-state, its army, navy, and air force will each be instances of #$BranchOfMilitaryService.") (#$genls #$BranchOfMilitaryService #$GovernmentMilitaryOrganization) (#$genls #$BranchOfMilitaryService #$Individual) (#$genls #$BranchOfMilitaryService #$ModernMilitaryOrganization) (#$isa #$BranchOfMilitaryService #$ExistingObjectType) (#$comment #$Brazil "An instance of #$IndependentCountry. #$Brazil is the largest country in South America, and is bounded on the northwest by #$Colombia; on the north by #$Venezuela, #$Guyana, #$Suriname, and #$FrenchGuiana; on the east by the #$AtlanticOcean; on the south by #$Uruguay; on the southwest by #$Argentina and #$Paraguay; and on the west by #$Bolivia and #$Peru.") (#$isa #$Brazil #$Entity) (#$isa #$Brazil #$IndependentCountry) (#$isa #$Brazil #$Individual) (#$comment #$Breathing "A collection of activities constituting a natural #$PhysiologicalFunction; #$Breathing is the collection of #$AirRespiration events in which the respiring organism takes air into its internal #$Lungs, where the gas exchange occurs. See also #$Respiration.") (#$disjointWith #$Breathing #$QualitativeTimeOfDay) (#$genls #$Breathing #$AirRespiration) (#$genls #$Breathing #$Event) (#$genls #$Breathing #$Individual) (#$genls #$Breathing #$PhysiologicalFunction) (#$isa #$Breathing #$ControllableAutonomousActionType) (#$isa #$Breathing #$DefaultDisjointScriptType) (#$isa #$Breathing #$MammalCapabilityType) (#$isa #$Breathing #$TemporalStuffType) (#$comment #$BritishEnglishMt "The mt for semantic mappings between Cyc terms and english words or phrases peculiar to British English. Example: (#$denotation #$Rubbish-TheWord #$MassNoun 0 #$Garbage-Generic). See the comment on #$EnglishLexiconMt for more on this and on the other english national standards represented in our lexicon.") (#$genlMt #$BritishEnglishMt #$BaseKB) (#$genlMt #$BritishEnglishMt #$BaseKB) (#$genlMt #$BritishEnglishMt #$CommonWealthEnglishMt) (#$genlMt #$BritishEnglishMt #$GeneralLexiconMt) (#$isa #$BritishEnglishMt #$EnglishLexicalMicrotheory) (#$isa #$BritishEnglishMt #$Language-SpecificMicrotheory) (#$isa #$BritishEnglishMt #$Microtheory) (#$comment #$BroadMicrotheory "The collection of those microtheories that contain so many assertions that they are not useful for `relevance' focusing during inference. (A #$BroadMicrotheory is not used internally in Cyc's indexing scheme during inference.) Examples: #$BaseKB and #$EnglishMt.") (#$genls #$BroadMicrotheory #$Microtheory) (#$isa #$BroadMicrotheory #$Collection) (#$isa #$BroadMicrotheory #$CoreImplementationConstant) (#$isa #$BroadMicrotheory #$MicrotheoryType) (#$comment #$Building "A specialization of both #$FixedStructure and #$HumanShelterConstruction. Each instance of #$Building is a (usually large) fixed structure with walls and a roof, and with some inside area or areas designed to be occupied by humans (but not necessarily as a residence). Examples include the #$EmpireStateBuilding, Hearst Castle, an #$AircraftHangar at O'Hare, a #$Lighthouse in the Mediterranean sea, the #$SydneyOperaHouse, and the #$WashingtonMonumentInWashingtonDC.") (#$disjointWith #$Building #$PartOfAnHSC) (#$genls #$Building #$FixedStructure) (#$genls #$Building #$HumanShelterConstruction) (#$genls #$Building #$Individual) (#$genls #$Building #$RealEstate) (#$isa #$Building #$ExistingObjectType) (#$comment #$BuildingMaterial "#$BuildingMaterial is a specialization of #$Artifact-NonAgentive and #$PartiallyTangibleProduct. Each instance of #$BuildingMaterial is a material thing typically used in making new structures. Instances of #$BuildingMaterial include a piece of lumber, a brick, a slab of concrete, a roof shingle, a copper nail, a double-paned storm window, etc.") (#$genls #$BuildingMaterial #$Artifact) (#$genls #$BuildingMaterial #$Artifact-NonAgentive) (#$genls #$BuildingMaterial #$Individual) (#$genls #$BuildingMaterial #$PartiallyTangibleProduct) (#$isa #$BuildingMaterial #$ConventionalClassificationType) (#$isa #$BuildingMaterial #$ProductType) (#$isa #$BuildingMaterial #$ProductType) (#$isa #$BuildingMaterial #$TemporalStuffType) (#$comment #$BuildingMt "Mt with physical info about humanly occupied constructs.") (#$genlMt #$BuildingMt #$BaseKB) (#$genlMt #$BuildingMt #$BaseKB) (#$genlMt #$BuildingMt #$FixedStructureMt) (#$genlMt #$BuildingMt #$ProductGMt) (#$isa #$BuildingMt #$GeneralMicrotheory) (#$isa #$BuildingMt #$TheoryMicrotheory) (#$comment #$Bush "A specialization of #$Plant-Woody. Each instance of #$Bush is a woody plant of branching growth habit that lacks a substantial trunk and is not usually taller than an adult person (and is typically re shorter than most specimens of #$Tree-ThePlant). This is a commonsense collection without distinct boundaries.") (#$genls #$Bush #$Individual) (#$genls #$Bush #$Plant-Woody) (#$isa #$Bush #$ExistingObjectType) (#$isa #$Bush #$OrganismClassificationType) (#$comment #$Business "A specialization of #$CommercialOrganization (q.v.). Each instance of #$Business is an organization intended to make profits, i.e. to make money for agents who own them. Note that not all #$CommercialOrganizations are #$Businesses. For example, in a franchise #$Organization, while the parent company (see #$parentCompany) is regarded as a business, the sub-organizations are commercial organizations but not businesses. Also, #$Businesses are typically #$LegalAgents, while #$CommercialOrganizations need not be.") (#$genls #$Business #$CommercialOrganization) (#$genls #$Business #$Individual) (#$isa #$Business #$ExistingObjectType) (#$keStrongSuggestionPreds #$Business #$parentCompany) (#$comment #$BusinessEvent "A specialization of both #$SocialOccurrence and #$HumanActivity. Each instance of #$BusinessEvent is a purposeful activity that is closely associated with, and either helps or hinders, the business purpose of some agent. Examples include the development of General Motors' business plan for 2003, an individual sales call on a particular customer, printing the 2003 Yellow Pages directory for the Los Angeles area, selling a newspaper, and designing and manufacturing a new memory chip. #$BusinessEvent does _not_ include any purely social or recreational events.") (#$genls #$BusinessEvent #$HumanActivity) (#$genls #$BusinessEvent #$Individual) (#$genls #$BusinessEvent #$SocialOccurrence) (#$isa #$BusinessEvent #$DefaultDisjointScriptType) (#$isa #$BusinessEvent #$TemporalObjectType) (#$siblingDisjointExceptions #$BusinessEvent #$Buying) (#$siblingDisjointExceptions #$BusinessEvent #$Communicating) (#$siblingDisjointExceptions #$BusinessEvent #$EMailSending) (#$siblingDisjointExceptions #$BusinessEvent #$Transaction) (#$siblingDisjointExceptions #$BusinessEvent #$TransferringPossession) (#$arg1Isa #$businessPartners #$Agent) (#$arg2Isa #$businessPartners #$Agent) (#$argIsa #$businessPartners 1 #$Agent) (#$argIsa #$businessPartners 1 #$Agent) (#$argIsa #$businessPartners 2 #$Agent) (#$argIsa #$businessPartners 2 #$Agent) (#$arity #$businessPartners 2) (#$comment #$businessPartners "The predicate #$businessPartners indicates that two agents have jointly undertaken some business project; they are combining resources in some way to further their interests. (#$businessPartners AGENT1 AGENT2) means AGENT1 is in partnership with AGENT2 to engage in business activities. The partners are instances of #$Agent and may belong to either #$Person or #$Organization. The partnership may be formally recognized (e.g., a #$Partnership or some other form of business) or informal.") (#$genlInverse #$businessPartners #$businessPartners) (#$genlPreds #$businessPartners #$affiliatedWith) (#$genlPreds #$businessPartners #$positiveVestedInterest) (#$isa #$businessPartners #$BinaryPredicate) (#$isa #$businessPartners #$IrreflexiveBinaryPredicate) (#$isa #$businessPartners #$SymmetricBinaryPredicate) (#$comment #$BusinessPerson "A subcollection of #$PersonWithOccupation. Each instance of #$BusinessPerson is someone whose occupation primarily consists in the ownership or operation of a business.") (#$genls #$BusinessPerson #$Individual) (#$genls #$BusinessPerson #$PersonWithOccupation) (#$isa #$BusinessPerson #$PersonTypeByOccupation) (#$comment #$BusinessRelationshipActivity "A specialization of #$BusinessEvent. Each instance of #$BusinessRelationshipActivity is a (usually long-term, and often complex) social activity whose participants are in some type of business relationship. An instance of #$BusinessRelationshipActivity is typically carried out over multiple social occasions, and may consist of many sub-events. The social events constituting an instance of #$BusinessRelationshipActivity further, either directly or indirectly, the (usually mutual) business interests of the participants.") (#$genls #$BusinessRelationshipActivity #$BusinessEvent) (#$genls #$BusinessRelationshipActivity #$Individual) (#$isa #$BusinessRelationshipActivity #$DefaultDisjointScriptType) (#$isa #$BusinessRelationshipActivity #$TemporalStuffType) (#$comment #$Bus-RoadVehicle "A specialization of #$RoadVehicle. Each instance of #$Bus-RoadVehicle is a ground transportation vehicle designed to carry many passengers (instances of #$Bus-RoadVehicle typically have capacities ranging from 20 to 80 passengers). Instances of #$Bus-RoadVehicle are often used as a means of public transportation (see the constant #$PublicTransportationDevice); instances used for public transportation are usually driven by professional drivers.") (#$genls #$Bus-RoadVehicle #$Individual) (#$genls #$Bus-RoadVehicle #$PublicTransportationDevice) (#$genls #$Bus-RoadVehicle #$RoadVehicle) (#$genls #$Bus-RoadVehicle #$RoadVehicle-DieselEngine) (#$isa #$Bus-RoadVehicle #$ExistingObjectType) (#$isa #$Bus-RoadVehicle #$ProductType) (#$isa #$Bus-RoadVehicle #$RoadVehicleTypeByUse) (#$arg1Isa #$buyer #$MonetaryExchangeOfUserRights) (#$arg1Isa #$buyer #$MonetaryExchangeOfUserRights) (#$arg2Format #$buyer #$SetTheFormat) (#$arg2Isa #$buyer #$SocialBeing) (#$arg2Isa #$buyer #$SocialBeing) (#$argFormat #$buyer 2 #$SetTheFormat) (#$argIsa #$buyer 1 #$MonetaryExchangeOfUserRights) (#$argIsa #$buyer 1 #$MonetaryExchangeOfUserRights) (#$argIsa #$buyer 1 #$MonetaryExchangeOfUserRights) (#$argIsa #$buyer 2 #$SocialBeing) (#$argIsa #$buyer 2 #$SocialBeing) (#$argIsa #$buyer 2 #$SocialBeing) (#$arity #$buyer 2) (#$comment #$buyer "An #$AgentiveRole (q.v.) and specialization of #$exchangers that relates a given #$MonetaryExchangeOfUserRights event to the paying #$Agent(s) in that event. (#$buyer EXCHANGE BUYER) means that BUYER purchases goods or services or access rights for sale in EXCHANGE. BUYER might make the purchase either directly or through an agent. Also see and compare #$buyingPerformer and #$buyingAgent.") (#$genlPreds #$buyer #$exchangers) (#$genlPreds #$buyer #$socialParticipants) (#$isa #$buyer #$ActorSlot) (#$isa #$buyer #$AgentiveRole) (#$isa #$buyer #$BinaryPredicate) (#$negationPreds #$buyer #$seller) (#$relationAllExists #$buyer #$MonetaryExchangeOfUserRights #$Agent) (#$relationAllExists #$buyer #$MonetaryExchangeOfUserRights #$Agent-Generic) (#$relationAllExists #$buyer #$MonetaryExchangeOfUserRights #$PartiallyTangible) (#$relationAllExists #$buyer #$Buying #$SocialBeing) (#$relationAllExists #$buyer #$Buying #$TemporalThing) (#$relationAllExists #$buyer #$MonetaryExchangeOfUserRights #$TemporalThing) (#$minimizeExtent #$buyer) (#$comment #$Buying "A specialization of #$MonetaryExchangeOfUserRights and #$BuyingActivity. Each instance of #$Buying is an event in which an agent (see #$buyer and #$buyingPerformer) voluntarily pays to acquire something tangible or intangible, or for the performance of a service, which another agent sells in the event (see #$seller and #$sellingPerformer). Payment might be either in money or via the exchange of other assets. A buying event might include subevents of negotiating, paying, and the transferring of the purchased thing to the buyer. Examples of #$Buying include: purchasing fighter jets for the Navy; buying a Pepsi from a vending machine; ordering dinner at a restaurant; acquiring a life insurance policy for oneself; mail-ordering clothes from Sears; shopping at a farmers' market.") (#$genls #$Buying #$BuyingActivity) (#$genls #$Buying #$Individual) (#$genls #$Buying #$MonetaryExchangeOfUserRights) (#$isa #$Buying #$DefaultDisjointScriptType) (#$isa #$Buying #$TemporalObjectType) (#$keWeakSuggestionPreds #$Buying #$totalCharge) (#$requiredArg1Pred #$Buying #$buyer) (#$requiredArg1Pred #$Buying #$buyingPerformer) (#$requiredArg1Pred #$Buying #$sellingPerformer) (#$requiredArg1Pred #$Buying #$totalCharge) (#$siblingDisjointExceptions #$Buying #$PhysicalContactEvent) (#$siblingDisjointExceptions #$Buying #$TemporaryChangeOfUserRights) (#$comment #$BuyingActivity "A specialization of #$SelectingSomething and #$CommercialActivity. #$BuyingActivity is a collection of events that are very generally related to purchasing goods or services. Each instance of #$BuyingActivity is an event that is either (i) a common prelude to buying (i.e., the kinds of activities that contribute to their doers becoming buyers), or (ii) an instance of #$Buying itself. Examples of #$BuyingActivity include shopping for, or ordering, something very specific, and also general expressions of interest in purchasing something, such as placing an `Item Wanted' ad in a newspaper.") (#$genls #$BuyingActivity #$CommercialActivity) (#$genls #$BuyingActivity #$Individual) (#$genls #$BuyingActivity #$SelectingSomething) (#$isa #$BuyingActivity #$DefaultDisjointScriptType) (#$isa #$BuyingActivity #$TemporalObjectType) (#$siblingDisjointExceptions #$BuyingActivity #$MoneyTransaction) (#$siblingDisjointExceptions #$BuyingActivity #$Requesting-CommunicationAct) (#$siblingDisjointExceptions #$BuyingActivity #$TemporaryChangeOfUserRights) (#$arg1Format #$buyingAgent #$openEntryFormatInArgs) (#$arg1Isa #$buyingAgent #$CommercialActivity) (#$arg1Isa #$buyingAgent #$CommercialActivity) (#$arg2Format #$buyingAgent #$openEntryFormatInArgs) (#$arg2Isa #$buyingAgent #$SocialBeing) (#$arg2Isa #$buyingAgent #$SocialBeing) (#$argFormat #$buyingAgent 1 #$openEntryFormatInArgs) (#$argFormat #$buyingAgent 2 #$openEntryFormatInArgs) (#$argIsa #$buyingAgent 1 #$CommercialActivity) (#$argIsa #$buyingAgent 1 #$CommercialActivity) (#$argIsa #$buyingAgent 1 #$CommercialActivity) (#$argIsa #$buyingAgent 2 #$SocialBeing) (#$argIsa #$buyingAgent 2 #$SocialBeing) (#$argIsa #$buyingAgent 2 #$SocialBeing) (#$arity #$buyingAgent 2) (#$comment #$buyingAgent "(#$buyingAgent SALE AGENT) means that in the #$CommercialActivity SALE, the #$SocialBeing AGENT acts on behalf of a would-be buyer to bring about a purchase. AGENT is a performer in SALE (see the predicate #$performedBy), but is not the buyer (see the predicate #$buyer).") (#$genlPreds #$buyingAgent #$buyingPerformer) (#$genlPreds #$buyingAgent #$mediators) (#$isa #$buyingAgent #$ActorSlot) (#$isa #$buyingAgent #$AgentiveRole) (#$isa #$buyingAgent #$BinaryPredicate) (#$negationPreds #$buyingAgent #$buyer) (#$minimizeExtent #$buyingAgent) (#$arg1Format #$buyingPerformer #$openEntryFormatInArgs) (#$arg1Isa #$buyingPerformer #$CommercialActivity) (#$arg1Isa #$buyingPerformer #$CommercialActivity) (#$arg2Format #$buyingPerformer #$openEntryFormatInArgs) (#$arg2Isa #$buyingPerformer #$SocialBeing) (#$arg2Isa #$buyingPerformer #$SocialBeing) (#$argFormat #$buyingPerformer 1 #$openEntryFormatInArgs) (#$argFormat #$buyingPerformer 2 #$openEntryFormatInArgs) (#$argIsa #$buyingPerformer 1 #$CommercialActivity) (#$argIsa #$buyingPerformer 1 #$CommercialActivity) (#$argIsa #$buyingPerformer 1 #$CommercialActivity) (#$argIsa #$buyingPerformer 2 #$SocialBeing) (#$argIsa #$buyingPerformer 2 #$SocialBeing) (#$argIsa #$buyingPerformer 2 #$SocialBeing) (#$arity #$buyingPerformer 2) (#$comment #$buyingPerformer "(#$buyingPerformer COM AGENT) means that AGENT is the agent actually attempting to obtain goods or services in a purchase, by performing an active role in the #$CommercialActivity COM. Generally, the agent who is the #$buyingPerformer is identical with the #$buyer, but in some cases the #$buyingPerformer is instead a #$buyingAgent representing the #$buyer.") (#$genlPreds #$buyingPerformer #$performedBy) (#$genlPreds #$buyingPerformer #$socialParticipants) (#$isa #$buyingPerformer #$ActorSlot) (#$isa #$buyingPerformer #$AgentiveRole) (#$relationAllExists #$buyingPerformer #$Buying #$Agent-Generic) (#$relationAllExists #$buyingPerformer #$Buying #$PartiallyTangible) (#$relationAllExists #$buyingPerformer #$Buying #$SocialBeing) (#$relationAllExists #$buyingPerformer #$Buying #$TemporalThing) (#$minimizeExtent #$buyingPerformer) (#$arg1Format #$byProducts #$SingleEntry) (#$arg1Isa #$byProducts #$PhysicalCreationOrDestructionEvent) (#$arg1Isa #$byProducts #$PhysicalCreationOrDestructionEvent) (#$arg1Isa #$byProducts #$PurposefulAction) (#$arg1Isa #$byProducts #$PurposefulAction) (#$arg2Format #$byProducts #$SetTheFormat) (#$arg2Isa #$byProducts #$PartiallyTangible) (#$arg2Isa #$byProducts #$PartiallyTangible) (#$argFormat #$byProducts 2 #$SetTheFormat) (#$argFormat #$byProducts 1 #$SingleEntry) (#$argIsa #$byProducts 2 #$PartiallyTangible) (#$argIsa #$byProducts 2 #$PartiallyTangible) (#$argIsa #$byProducts 2 #$PartiallyTangible) (#$argIsa #$byProducts 1 #$PhysicalCreationOrDestructionEvent) (#$argIsa #$byProducts 1 #$PhysicalCreationOrDestructionEvent) (#$argIsa #$byProducts 1 #$PhysicalCreationOrDestructionEvent) (#$argIsa #$byProducts 1 #$PurposefulAction) (#$argIsa #$byProducts 1 #$PurposefulAction) (#$argIsa #$byProducts 1 #$PurposefulAction) (#$arity #$byProducts 2) (#$comment #$byProducts "This predicate relates a given purposeful action of physically creating or destroying something to an unintended tangible \"output\" (see #$outputs) of that action. (#$byProducts EVENT OBJECT) means that OBJECT is one of the outputs of EVENT, but not one of its intended outputs. For intended outputs, see #$products. Note that no output can be _both_ a product and a by-product of the same event, i.e. (#$negationPreds #$products #$byProducts) holds.") (#$genlPreds #$byProducts #$outputs) (#$isa #$byProducts #$ActorSlot) (#$isa #$byProducts #$BinaryPredicate) (#$isa #$byProducts #$FunctionalPredicate) (#$negationPreds #$byProducts #$products) (#$strictlyFunctionalInArgs #$byProducts 1) (#$minimizeExtent #$byProducts) (#$argIsa #$Byte 0 #$SubLRealNumber) (#$argsIsa #$Byte #$SubLRealNumber) (#$argsIsa #$Byte #$SubLRealNumber) (#$argsIsa #$Byte #$SubLRealNumber) (#$arityMax #$Byte 2) (#$arityMax #$Byte 2) (#$arityMin #$Byte 1) (#$arityMin #$Byte 1) (#$comment #$Byte "A function and an instance of #$UnitOfComputerStorageCapacity, representing a common unit of computer memory and disk capacity, consisting typically of 8 #$Bits. Like all instances of #$UnitOfMeasure, its #$arity is variable between one and two, and its arguments must be instances of #$SubLRealNumber. If a single instance of #$SubLRealNumber is put in the argument position to this function, it returns a precise quantity of bytes (which is an instance of #$ComputerMemoryCapacity). If two #$SubLRealNumbers are put in the argument position, it returns an interval (which is an instance of #$ComputerMemoryCapacity). Thus, (#$Byte NUM) denotes a particular quantity of bytes. (#$Byte NUM1 NUM2) returns a range of bytes. See also #$Megabyte, #$Megaword.") (#$isa #$Byte #$StandardUnitOfMeasure) (#$isa #$Byte #$UnitOfComputerResourceCapacity) (#$isa #$Byte #$UnitOfMeasureNoPrefix) (#$resultIsa #$Byte #$ComputerMemoryCapacity) (#$resultIsa #$Byte #$ComputerMemoryCapacity) (#$resultIsa #$Byte #$ScalarInterval) (#$resultIsa #$Byte #$ScalarInterval) (#$comment #$CalendarAutumn "A specialization of #$CalendarSeason. Each instance of #$CalendarAutumn is a time interval that begins on a day considered to begin an autumn season, and ends on a day considered to end an autumn season. For example, according to mainstream culture in the U.S.A., instances of this collection begin each year on the #$AutumnalEquinox (about September 21) and end on the #$DecemberSolstice (about December 21st) (see #$CalendarAutumn-US), whereas according to mainstream Australasian culture, instances of this collection begin March 1st and end on the last day of May (see #$CalendarAutumn-Australasian).") (#$genls #$CalendarAutumn #$CalendarSeason) (#$genls #$CalendarAutumn #$Individual) (#$isa #$CalendarAutumn #$CalendarSeasonType) (#$isa #$CalendarAutumn #$TemporalObjectType) (#$sharedNotes #$CalendarAutumn #$SharedNoteOnHemispheresAndCalendars) (#$temporallySubsumes-TypeType #$CalendarAutumn #$CalendarSeason) (#$comment #$CalendarCentury "An instance of #$CalendarCoveringType, and a specialization of #$Date. Each instance of #$CalendarCentury is a century on a particular calendar. Instances of #$CalendarCentury include #$TheNineteenthCenturyCE and #$TheTwentiethCenturyCE.") (#$disjointWith #$CalendarCentury #$AcademicSemester) (#$disjointWith #$CalendarCentury #$FiscalYear) (#$disjointWith #$CalendarCentury #$TimePoint) (#$genls #$CalendarCentury #$Date) (#$genls #$CalendarCentury #$Individual) (#$isa #$CalendarCentury #$CalendarCoveringType) (#$isa #$CalendarCentury #$ConventionalClassificationType) (#$isa #$CalendarCentury #$TemporalObjectType) (#$temporallySubsumes-TypeType #$CalendarCentury #$CalendarHalfCentury) (#$comment #$CalendarCoveringType "#$CalendarCoveringType is a collection of collections. Each instance CC of #$CalendarCoveringType is itself a collection, a type of time interval, such that a sequence of all the instances of CC would completely cover all of time without overlap. Thus, #$CalendarYear is a #$CalendarCoveringType because all of time consists of a sequence of non-overlapping #$CalendarYears. Similarly #$CalendarMonth, #$CalendarDay, and #$CalendarHour are instances of #$CalendarCoveringType. #$Monday and #$December are _not_ instances of #$CalendarCoveringType, because all of time is not a sequence of Mondays, or Decembers. Also notice that a collection Week -- defined as the collection of all seven-day-long-periods-of-time -- would not be an instance of #$CalendarCoveringType, since several different Weeks could overlap; e.g., the week beginning today and the week beginning yesterday and the week beginning tomorrow.") (#$disjointWith #$CalendarCoveringType #$ClimateCycleType) (#$disjointWith #$CalendarCoveringType #$ShapeType) (#$genls #$CalendarCoveringType #$TemporallyDisjointTemporalObjectType) (#$genls #$CalendarCoveringType #$TemporalObjectType) (#$isa #$CalendarCoveringType #$CollectionType) (#$isa #$CalendarCoveringType #$CollectionType) (#$isa #$CalendarCoveringType #$SecondOrderCollection) (#$isa #$CalendarCoveringType #$SiblingDisjointCollectionType) (#$typeGenls #$CalendarCoveringType #$Date) (#$comment #$CalendarDay "An instance of #$CalendarCoveringType, and a specialization of #$Date. Each instance of #$CalendarDay is a day on some particular calendar. Instances of #$CalendarDay include (#$DayFn 1 (#$MonthFn #$July (#$YearFn 1646))) and (#$DayFn 8 (#$MonthFn #$November (#$YearFn 1848))).") (#$disjointWith #$CalendarDay #$AcademicSemester) (#$disjointWith #$CalendarDay #$FiscalYear) (#$genls #$CalendarDay #$Date) (#$genls #$CalendarDay #$Individual) (#$isa #$CalendarDay #$CalendarCoveringType) (#$isa #$CalendarDay #$ConventionalClassificationType) (#$isa #$CalendarDay #$TemporalObjectType) (#$temporallySubsumes-TypeType #$CalendarDay #$CalendarHour) (#$temporallySubsumes-TypeType #$CalendarDay #$TimeOfDay-AM) (#$temporallySubsumes-TypeType #$CalendarDay #$TimeOfDay-PM) (#$comment #$CalendarDecade "An instance of #$CalendarCoveringType, and a specialization of #$Date. Each instance of #$CalendarDecade is a decade on a particular calendar. For the example, the nineteen eighties is an instance of #$CalendarDecade.") (#$disjointWith #$CalendarDecade #$AcademicSemester) (#$disjointWith #$CalendarDecade #$TimePoint) (#$genls #$CalendarDecade #$Date) (#$genls #$CalendarDecade #$Individual) (#$isa #$CalendarDecade #$CalendarCoveringType) (#$isa #$CalendarDecade #$ConventionalClassificationType) (#$isa #$CalendarDecade #$TemporalObjectType) (#$temporallySubsumes-TypeType #$CalendarDecade #$CalendarYear) (#$comment #$CalendarHalfCentury "An instance of #$CalendarCoveringType, and a specialization of #$Date. Each instance of #$CalendarHalfCentury is a half-century on a particular calendar, and thus will be either the first half or the second half of some century (see the constant #$CalendarCentury) on that calendar. Instances of #$CalendarHalfCentury include #$FirstHalfOf20thCenturyCE and #$LastHalfOf20thCenturyCE.") (#$genls #$CalendarHalfCentury #$Date) (#$genls #$CalendarHalfCentury #$Individual) (#$isa #$CalendarHalfCentury #$CalendarCoveringType) (#$isa #$CalendarHalfCentury #$ConventionalClassificationType) (#$isa #$CalendarHalfCentury #$TemporalObjectType) (#$temporallySubsumes-TypeType #$CalendarHalfCentury #$CalendarDecade) (#$comment #$CalendarHour "An instance of #$CalendarCoveringType, and a specialization of #$Date. Each instance of #$CalendarHour is an hour in some particular calendar. Instances of #$CalendarHour include (#$HourFn 12 (#$DayFn 20 (#$MonthFn #$January (#$YearFn 1965)))) and (#$HourFn 13 (#$DayFn 13 (#$MonthFn #$July (#$YearFn 2000)))).") (#$disjointWith #$CalendarHour #$TimePoint) (#$genls #$CalendarHour #$Date) (#$genls #$CalendarHour #$Individual) (#$genls #$CalendarHour #$TimeOfDay) (#$isa #$CalendarHour #$CalendarCoveringType) (#$isa #$CalendarHour #$ConventionalClassificationType) (#$isa #$CalendarHour #$TemporalObjectType) (#$temporallySubsumes-TypeType #$CalendarHour #$CalendarMinute) (#$comment #$CalendarMinute "An instance of #$CalendarCoveringType, and a specialization of #$Date. Each instance of #$CalendarMinute is a minute on a particular calendar. For example, the first minute of the year 2000 is an instance of #$CalendarMinute.") (#$disjointWith #$CalendarMinute #$AcademicSemester) (#$disjointWith #$CalendarMinute #$TimePoint) (#$genls #$CalendarMinute #$Date) (#$genls #$CalendarMinute #$Individual) (#$isa #$CalendarMinute #$CalendarCoveringType) (#$isa #$CalendarMinute #$TemporalObjectType) (#$temporallySubsumes-TypeType #$CalendarMinute #$CalendarSecond) (#$comment #$CalendarMonth "An instance of #$CalendarCoveringType, and a specialization of #$Date. Each instance of #$CalendarMonth is a month in a particular calendar. An example sub-collection of #$CalendarMonth is #$February , the collection of all months of February. One instance of the collection #$February (and thus one instance of the collection #$CalendarMonth) is (#$MonthFn #$February (#$YearFn 1992)), February of 1992.") (#$disjointWith #$CalendarMonth #$AcademicSemester) (#$disjointWith #$CalendarMonth #$FiscalYear) (#$disjointWith #$CalendarMonth #$TimePoint) (#$genls #$CalendarMonth #$Date) (#$genls #$CalendarMonth #$Individual) (#$isa #$CalendarMonth #$CalendarCoveringType) (#$isa #$CalendarMonth #$ConventionalClassificationType) (#$isa #$CalendarMonth #$TemporalObjectType) (#$temporallySubsumes-TypeType #$CalendarMonth #$CalendarWeek) (#$comment #$CalendarQuarter "An instance of #$CalendarCoveringType, and a specialization of #$Date. Each instance of #$CalendarQuarter is a quarter of a year on a particular calendar, and thus will be either the first, second, third, or fourth quarter of some year (see the collection #$CalendarYear) on that calendar. Example instances of #$CalendarQuarter include (#$QuarterFn 1 (#$YearFn 1996)) and (#$QuarterFn 4 (#$YearFn 1929)).") (#$genls #$CalendarQuarter #$Date) (#$genls #$CalendarQuarter #$Individual) (#$isa #$CalendarQuarter #$CalendarCoveringType) (#$isa #$CalendarQuarter #$ConventionalClassificationType) (#$isa #$CalendarQuarter #$TemporalObjectType) (#$temporallySubsumes-TypeType #$CalendarQuarter #$CalendarMonth) (#$comment #$CalendarSeason "A specialization of #$Date and an instance of #$ConventionallyClassifiedSuccessiveTimeIntervalType. Each instance of #$CalendarSeason is a time interval that is thought of by a significant group of people (often an entire culture -- see #$CalendarSeasonTypeByCulture) as significantly intersecting the instances of #$SeasonOfYear to which those people are typically exposed. For example, one specialization of #$CalendarSeason (#$CalendarWinter-US) is the collection of time intervals that people in mainstream U.S. culture consider to be co-temporal with the cold winter season (each of these intervals begins on the December solstice of a given year and ends on the Vernal equinox of that year). For more on the difference between #$CalendarSeason and #$SeasonOfYear see the #$SharedNoteOnHemispheresAndCalendars. Important specializations of #$CalendarSeason include #$CalendarWinter, #$CalendarSpring, #$CalendarSummer, and #$CalendarAutumn.") (#$genls #$CalendarSeason #$Date) (#$genls #$CalendarSeason #$Individual) (#$isa #$CalendarSeason #$CalendarCoveringType) (#$isa #$CalendarSeason #$ConventionalClassificationType) (#$isa #$CalendarSeason #$TemporalObjectType) (#$temporallySubsumes-TypeType #$CalendarSeason #$CalendarMonth) (#$comment #$CalendarSeasonType "A specialization of #$ConventionallyClassifiedDisjointTimeIntervalType and #$AnnualTemporalObjectType. Each instance of #$CalendarSeasonType is a specialization of #$CalendarSeason -- #$CalendarWinter, #$CalendarSpring, #$CalendarSummer, and #$CalendarAutumn.") (#$genls #$CalendarSeasonType #$AnnualTemporalObjectType) (#$genls #$CalendarSeasonType #$ConventionallyClassifiedDisjointTimeIntervalType) (#$genls #$CalendarSeasonType #$TemporalObjectType) (#$isa #$CalendarSeasonType #$CollectionType) (#$isa #$CalendarSeasonType #$CollectionType) (#$isa #$CalendarSeasonType #$CyclicalIntervalGroupType) (#$isa #$CalendarSeasonType #$SecondOrderCollection) (#$comment #$CalendarSecond "A subcollection of #$Date (q.v.) and an instance of #$CalendarCoveringType (q.v.). #$CalendarSecond is the collection of seconds that make up the calendar. Each #$CalendarMinute (q.v.) is divided into sixty contiguous calendar-seconds. Note that (as with any instance of an instance of calendar-covering-type) a given calendar-second is a temporally-continuous individual that occurs only _once_; e.g. it is not something that recurs each hour or each year.") (#$disjointWith #$CalendarSecond #$AcademicSemester) (#$disjointWith #$CalendarSecond #$FiscalQuarter) (#$disjointWith #$CalendarSecond #$FiscalYear) (#$disjointWith #$CalendarSecond #$TimePoint) (#$genls #$CalendarSecond #$Date) (#$genls #$CalendarSecond #$Individual) (#$isa #$CalendarSecond #$CalendarCoveringType) (#$isa #$CalendarSecond #$TemporalObjectType) (#$comment #$CalendarsMt "The microtheory that describes all calendar systems known in the world.") (#$genlMt #$CalendarsMt #$BaseKB) (#$genlMt #$CalendarsMt #$CalendarsVocabularyMt) (#$genlMt #$CalendarsMt #$MathMt) (#$isa #$CalendarsMt #$GeneralMicrotheory) (#$isa #$CalendarsMt #$TheoryMicrotheory) (#$comment #$CalendarSpring "A specialization of #$CalendarSeason. Each instance of #$CalendarSpring is a time interval that begins on a day considered to begin a spring season, and ends on a day considered to end a spring season. For example, according to mainstream culture in the U.S.A., instances of this collection begin each year on the #$VernalEquinox (about March 21) and end on the #$JuneSolstice (about June 21st) (see #$CalendarSpring-US), whereas according to mainstream Australasian culture, instances of this collection begin September 1st and end November 30th (see #$CalendarSpring-Australasian).") (#$genls #$CalendarSpring #$CalendarSeason) (#$genls #$CalendarSpring #$Individual) (#$isa #$CalendarSpring #$CalendarSeasonType) (#$isa #$CalendarSpring #$TemporalObjectType) (#$sharedNotes #$CalendarSpring #$SharedNoteOnHemispheresAndCalendars) (#$temporallySubsumes-TypeType #$CalendarSpring #$CalendarSeason) (#$comment #$CalendarSummer "A specialization of #$CalendarSeason. Each instance of #$CalendarSummer is a time interval that begins on a day considered to begin a summer season, and ends on a day considered to end a summer season. For example, according to mainstream culture in the U.S.A., instances of this collection begin each year on the #$JuneSolstice (about June 21) and end on the #$AutumnalEquinox (about September 21st) (see #$CalendarSummer-US), whereas according to mainstram Australasian culture, instances of this collection begin December 1st and end on the last day of February (see #$CalendarSummer-Australasian).") (#$genls #$CalendarSummer #$CalendarSeason) (#$genls #$CalendarSummer #$Individual) (#$isa #$CalendarSummer #$CalendarSeasonType) (#$isa #$CalendarSummer #$TemporalObjectType) (#$sharedNotes #$CalendarSummer #$SharedNoteOnHemispheresAndCalendars) (#$temporallySubsumes-TypeType #$CalendarSummer #$CalendarSeason) (#$comment #$CalendarsVocabularyMt "The #$VocabularyMicrotheory for #$CalendarsMt.") (#$genlMt #$CalendarsVocabularyMt #$BaseKB) (#$genlMt #$CalendarsVocabularyMt #$GenericTemporalVocabularyMt) (#$isa #$CalendarsVocabularyMt #$VocabularyMicrotheory) (#$comment #$CalendarWeek "An instance of #$CalendarCoveringType and a specialization of #$Date. Each instance of #$CalendarWeek is a particular week on some particular calendar. Instances of #$CalendarWeek include the first week (i.e. the initial seven-day-long #$TimeInterval) of December, 2001.") (#$disjointWith #$CalendarWeek #$AcademicSemester) (#$genls #$CalendarWeek #$Date) (#$genls #$CalendarWeek #$Individual) (#$isa #$CalendarWeek #$CalendarCoveringType) (#$isa #$CalendarWeek #$ConventionalClassificationType) (#$isa #$CalendarWeek #$TemporalObjectType) (#$comment #$CalendarWinter "A specialization of #$CalendarSeason. Each instance of #$CalendarWinter is a time interval that begins on a day considered to begin a winter season, and ends on a day considered to end a winter season. For example, according to mainstream culture in the U.S.A., instances of this collection begin each year on the #$DecemberSolstice (about December 21) and end on the #$VernalEquinox (about March 21) each year (see #$CalendarWinter-US), whereas according to mainstram Australasian culture, instances of this collection begin June 1st and end August 31st (see #$CalendarWinter-Australasian).") (#$genls #$CalendarWinter #$CalendarSeason) (#$genls #$CalendarWinter #$Individual) (#$isa #$CalendarWinter #$CalendarSeasonType) (#$isa #$CalendarWinter #$TemporalObjectType) (#$sharedNotes #$CalendarWinter #$SharedNoteOnHemispheresAndCalendars) (#$temporallySubsumes-TypeType #$CalendarWinter #$CalendarSeason) (#$comment #$CalendarYear "A subcollection of #$Date (q.v.) and an instance of #$CalendarCoveringType (q.v.). Each instance of #$CalendarYear is a year in some particular calendar. Examples include (#$TheYear1972) and (#$YearFn 2001). Note that (as with any instance of an instance of calendar-covering-type) a given calendar-year is a temporally-continuous individual that occurs only _once_; e.g. it is not something that recurs each century or each millenium.") (#$genls #$CalendarYear #$Date) (#$genls #$CalendarYear #$Individual) (#$isa #$CalendarYear #$CalendarCoveringType) (#$isa #$CalendarYear #$ConventionalClassificationType) (#$isa #$CalendarYear #$TemporalObjectType) (#$partitionedInto #$CalendarYear (#$ThePartition #$NonLeapYear #$LeapYear)) (#$temporallySubsumes-TypeType #$CalendarYear #$CalendarQuarter) (#$temporallySubsumes-TypeType #$CalendarYear #$CalendarSeason) (#$comment #$Calm "A specialization of #$IntelligentAgent. Each instance is an agent in the emotional state of being calm. Use this constant with a #$GenericValueFunction to denote a collection of agents that are in this emotional state to some varying degree.") (#$genls #$Calm #$Individual) (#$genls #$Calm #$Relaxed) (#$isa #$Calm #$AgentTypeByEmotionalState) (#$isa #$Calm #$FirstOrderCollection) (#$comment #$Calmness-Feeling "The attribute-type associated with the feeling of calmness or serenity, being free from disturbance. (For the rationale behind treating feelings as types -- i.e. collections -- of attributes, see #$FeelingAttribute and the comment on #$Happiness.)") (#$genls #$Calmness-Feeling #$Relaxed-Feeling) (#$isa #$Calmness-Feeling #$AtemporalNecessarilyEssentialCollectionType) (#$isa #$Calmness-Feeling #$FeelingType) (#$comment #$CanadianEnglishMt "The mt for semantic mappings between Cyc terms and english words or phrases peculiar to Canadian English. Example: (#$denotation #$Garbage-TheWord #$MassNoun 0 #$Garbage-Generic). This mt also includes pos information peculiar to Canadian English. See the comment on #$EnglishLexiconMt and the #$cyclistNotes below for more on this and on the other english national standards represented in our lexicon.") (#$genlMt #$CanadianEnglishMt #$BaseKB) (#$genlMt #$CanadianEnglishMt #$BaseKB) (#$genlMt #$CanadianEnglishMt #$BritishEnglishMt) (#$genlMt #$CanadianEnglishMt #$CommonWealthEnglishMt) (#$genlMt #$CanadianEnglishMt #$GeneralLexiconMt) (#$isa #$CanadianEnglishMt #$EnglishLexicalMicrotheory) (#$isa #$CanadianEnglishMt #$Language-SpecificMicrotheory) (#$isa #$CanadianEnglishMt #$Microtheory) (#$comment #$Canal "The collection of all canals, artificial waterways created to be paths for boats, or for irrigation (e.g., the #$PanamaCanal).") (#$genls #$Canal #$BodyOfWater) (#$genls #$Canal #$FlowPath) (#$genls #$Canal #$Individual) (#$isa #$Canal #$ExistingObjectType) (#$comment #$Cancer "An instance of #$DiseaseType, and a specialization of #$AilmentCondition. Instances of #$Cancer may belong to any one of the many different types of disease that are studied and treated by oncologists. Instances of #$Cancer are characterized by abnormal (and usually rapid) growth of cells in some organ or system of the body; these growths are then prone to dispersal (metastasis) into other body regions. See also #$CancerFn.") (#$genls #$Cancer #$AilmentCondition) (#$genls #$Cancer #$Individual) (#$genls #$Cancer #$PhysiologicalCondition) (#$genls #$Cancer #$TerminalPhysiologicalCondition) (#$isa #$Cancer #$DiseaseType) (#$genls (#$CancerFn #$Brain) #$Cancer) (#$genls (#$CancerFn #$Brain) #$Cancer) (#$genls (#$CancerFn #$Eye) #$Cancer) (#$genls (#$CancerFn #$Liver) #$Cancer) (#$genls (#$CancerFn #$Liver) #$Cancer) (#$genls (#$CancerFn #$Lung) #$Cancer) (#$genls (#$CancerFn #$Lung) #$Cancer) (#$genls (#$CancerFn #$Skin) #$Cancer) (#$genls (#$CancerFn #$Skin) #$Cancer) (#$genls (#$CancerFn #$Stomach) #$Cancer) (#$genls (#$CancerFn #$Stomach) #$Cancer) (#$genls (#$CancerFn #$Brain) #$Individual) (#$genls (#$CancerFn #$Eye) #$Individual) (#$genls (#$CancerFn #$Liver) #$Individual) (#$genls (#$CancerFn #$Lung) #$Individual) (#$genls (#$CancerFn #$Skin) #$Individual) (#$genls (#$CancerFn #$Stomach) #$Individual) (#$genls (#$CancerFn #$Brain) #$PhysiologicalCondition) (#$isa (#$CancerFn #$Brain) #$DiseaseType) (#$isa (#$CancerFn #$Eye) #$DiseaseType) (#$isa (#$CancerFn #$Liver) #$DiseaseType) (#$isa (#$CancerFn #$Lung) #$DiseaseType) (#$isa (#$CancerFn #$Skin) #$DiseaseType) (#$isa (#$CancerFn #$Stomach) #$DiseaseType) (#$arg1Genl #$CancerFn #$AnimalBLO) (#$arg1Genl #$CancerFn #$AnimalBLO) (#$arg1Isa #$CancerFn #$TemporalStuffType) (#$arg1Isa #$CancerFn #$TemporalStuffType) (#$argGenl #$CancerFn 1 #$AnimalBLO) (#$argGenl #$CancerFn 1 #$AnimalBLO) (#$argGenl #$CancerFn 1 #$AnimalBLO) (#$argIsa #$CancerFn 1 #$TemporalStuffType) (#$argIsa #$CancerFn 1 #$TemporalStuffType) (#$argIsa #$CancerFn 1 #$TemporalStuffType) (#$arity #$CancerFn 1) (#$comment #$CancerFn "An instance of #$CollectionDenotingFunction. When applied to a specialization REGION-TYPE of #$AnimalBLO, #$CancerFn returns the collection of all cancers found in REGION-TYPE. For example, (#$CancerFn #$Throat) is the collection of all throat cancers.") (#$isa #$CancerFn #$CollectionDenotingFunction) (#$isa #$CancerFn #$CollectionDenotingFunction) (#$isa #$CancerFn #$ReifiableFunction) (#$isa #$CancerFn #$UnaryFunction) (#$resultGenl #$CancerFn #$Cancer) (#$resultGenl #$CancerFn #$Individual) (#$resultIsa #$CancerFn #$DiseaseType) (#$resultIsa #$CancerFn #$DiseaseType) (#$arg1Isa #$canContainShapes #$PartiallyTangible) (#$arg1Isa #$canContainShapes #$PartiallyTangible) (#$arg2Format #$canContainShapes #$SingleEntry) (#$arg2Isa #$canContainShapes #$GeometricThing-Abstract) (#$arg2Isa #$canContainShapes #$GeometricThing-Abstract) (#$argFormat #$canContainShapes 2 #$SingleEntry) (#$argIsa #$canContainShapes 2 #$GeometricThing-Abstract) (#$argIsa #$canContainShapes 2 #$GeometricThing-Abstract) (#$argIsa #$canContainShapes 2 #$GeometricThing-Abstract) (#$argIsa #$canContainShapes 1 #$PartiallyTangible) (#$argIsa #$canContainShapes 1 #$PartiallyTangible) (#$argIsa #$canContainShapes 1 #$PartiallyTangible) (#$arity #$canContainShapes 2) (#$comment #$canContainShapes "The predicate #$canContainShapes is used to give an approximation of the internal size and shape of particular tangible objects, by relating an object to an abstract region of space described as a geometric shape with definite dimensions. (#$canContainShapes OBJ SHAPE) gives an upper bound for the size of things that can be contained in the object OBJ, by specifying the dimensions of an abstract shape which OBJ can contain. #$canContainShapes uses the elements of #$ShapeFunction (q.v.) for reference, especially the basic shapes generated by #$RectangularSolidFn, #$CylinderFn, and #$SphereFn. For example, the trunk of my Honda Civic #$canContainShapes of (#$RectangularSolidFn (#$Meter 1) (#$Meter 0.5) (#$Meter 0.75)). Cf. #$fitsIn.") (#$genlPreds #$canContainShapes #$spatiallyRelated) (#$isa #$canContainShapes #$BinaryPredicate) (#$isa #$canContainShapes #$StrictlyFunctionalPredicate) (#$relationAllInstance #$canContainShapes #$TrainCar (#$RectangularSolidFn (#$Foot-UnitOfMeasure 14) (#$Foot-UnitOfMeasure 14) (#$Foot-UnitOfMeasure 49))) (#$relationAllInstance #$canContainShapes #$RoomInAConstruction (#$RectangularSolidFn (#$Meter 4) (#$Meter 3) (#$Meter 2.5))) (#$strictlyFunctionalInArgs #$canContainShapes 2) (#$comment #$CanineAnimal "A specialization of #$CarnivoreOrder. Each instance of #$CanineAnimal is a member of a dog-like species belonging to the #$CarnivoreOrder. The collection #$CanineAnimal includes the specializations #$Dog, #$Wolf, and #$Fox (qq.v.). Canine animals constitute an instance of #$BiologicalFamily, the Canidae.") (#$genls #$CanineAnimal #$Carnivore) (#$genls #$CanineAnimal #$CarnivoreOrder) (#$genls #$CanineAnimal #$Eutheria) (#$genls #$CanineAnimal #$Individual) (#$genls #$CanineAnimal #$TerrestrialOrganism) (#$isa #$CanineAnimal #$BiologicalFamily) (#$isa #$CanineAnimal #$OrganismClassificationType) (#$physicalPartTypes #$CanineAnimal #$Leg) (#$comment #$Canoe "#$Canoe is a specialization of #$Watercraft-Small and #$Device-UserPowered. Each instance of #$Canoe is a small and narrow watercraft powered by human paddling, poling, or by a small boat-engine.") (#$disjointWith #$Canoe #$ElectricalDevice) (#$genls #$Canoe #$Device-UserPowered) (#$genls #$Canoe #$Individual) (#$genls #$Canoe #$Watercraft-Small) (#$isa #$Canoe #$ExistingObjectType) (#$isa #$Canoe #$ProductType) (#$isa #$Canoe #$WaterVehicleTypeByDesign) (#$isa #$Canoe #$WaterVehicleTypeByDesign) (#$comment #$CanonicalizerDirective "The collection of directives (i.e. commands) which can be used to control the behavior of the #$CycCanonicalizer during asserts and queries. See #$canonicalizerDirectiveForArg for more information on how to use these directives.") (#$genls #$CanonicalizerDirective #$IntangibleIndividual) (#$isa #$CanonicalizerDirective #$CoreImplementationConstant) (#$isa #$CanonicalizerDirective #$ObjectType) (#$arg1Isa #$canonicalizerDirectiveForAllArgs #$Relation) (#$arg1Isa #$canonicalizerDirectiveForAllArgs #$Relation) (#$arg2Isa #$canonicalizerDirectiveForAllArgs #$CanonicalizerDirective) (#$arg2Isa #$canonicalizerDirectiveForAllArgs #$CanonicalizerDirective) (#$argIsa #$canonicalizerDirectiveForAllArgs 2 #$CanonicalizerDirective) (#$argIsa #$canonicalizerDirectiveForAllArgs 1 #$Relation) (#$arity #$canonicalizerDirectiveForAllArgs 2) (#$comment #$canonicalizerDirectiveForAllArgs "A binary predicate used to control the behavior of the #$CycCanonicalizer. (#$canonicalizerDirectiveForAllArgs RELN DIRECTIVE) means that the #$CycCanonicalizer should obey DIRECTIVE when canonicalizing any argument of a #$CycLFormula whose operator is RELN. See the instances of #$CanonicalizerDirective for more information on how particular directives affect canonicalization.") (#$isa #$canonicalizerDirectiveForAllArgs #$BinaryPredicate) (#$isa #$canonicalizerDirectiveForAllArgs #$CanonicalizerDirectivePredicate) (#$isa #$canonicalizerDirectiveForAllArgs #$CoreImplementationConstant) (#$arg1Isa #$canonicalizerDirectiveForArg #$Relation) (#$arg1Isa #$canonicalizerDirectiveForArg #$Relation) (#$arg2Isa #$canonicalizerDirectiveForArg #$PositiveInteger) (#$arg2Isa #$canonicalizerDirectiveForArg #$PositiveInteger) (#$arg3Isa #$canonicalizerDirectiveForArg #$CanonicalizerDirective) (#$arg3Isa #$canonicalizerDirectiveForArg #$CanonicalizerDirective) (#$argIsa #$canonicalizerDirectiveForArg 3 #$CanonicalizerDirective) (#$argIsa #$canonicalizerDirectiveForArg 2 #$PositiveInteger) (#$argIsa #$canonicalizerDirectiveForArg 1 #$Relation) (#$arity #$canonicalizerDirectiveForArg 3) (#$comment #$canonicalizerDirectiveForArg "A ternary predicate used to control the behavior of the #$CycCanonicalizer. (#$canonicalizerDirectiveForArg RELN ARGNUM DIRECTIVE) means that the #$CycCanonicalizer should obey DIRECTIVE when canonicalizing the ARGNUMth argument of a #$CycLFormula whose operator is RELN. See the instances of #$CanonicalizerDirective for more information on how particular directives affect canonicalization.") (#$isa #$canonicalizerDirectiveForArg #$CanonicalizerDirectivePredicate) (#$isa #$canonicalizerDirectiveForArg #$CoreImplementationConstant) (#$isa #$canonicalizerDirectiveForArg #$TernaryPredicate) (#$arg1Isa #$canonicalizerDirectiveForArgAndRest #$Relation) (#$arg1Isa #$canonicalizerDirectiveForArgAndRest #$Relation) (#$arg2Isa #$canonicalizerDirectiveForArgAndRest #$PositiveInteger) (#$arg2Isa #$canonicalizerDirectiveForArgAndRest #$PositiveInteger) (#$arg3Isa #$canonicalizerDirectiveForArgAndRest #$CanonicalizerDirective) (#$arg3Isa #$canonicalizerDirectiveForArgAndRest #$CanonicalizerDirective) (#$argIsa #$canonicalizerDirectiveForArgAndRest 3 #$CanonicalizerDirective) (#$argIsa #$canonicalizerDirectiveForArgAndRest 2 #$PositiveInteger) (#$argIsa #$canonicalizerDirectiveForArgAndRest 1 #$Relation) (#$arity #$canonicalizerDirectiveForArgAndRest 3) (#$comment #$canonicalizerDirectiveForArgAndRest "A ternary predicate used to control the behavior of the #$CycCanonicalizer. (#$canonicalizerDirectiveForArgAndRest RELN ARGNUM DIRECTIVE) means that the #$CycCanonicalizer should obey DIRECTIVE when canonicalizing the Nth argument of a #$CycLFormula whose operator is RELN, where N >= ARGNUM. See the instances of #$CanonicalizerDirective for more information on how particular directives affect canonicalization.") (#$isa #$canonicalizerDirectiveForArgAndRest #$CanonicalizerDirectivePredicate) (#$isa #$canonicalizerDirectiveForArgAndRest #$CoreImplementationConstant) (#$isa #$canonicalizerDirectiveForArgAndRest #$TernaryPredicate) (#$comment #$CanonicalizerDirectivePredicate "The collection of #$Predicates which can affect the behavior of the #$CycCanonicalizer or its submodules. When canonicalizer directive GAFs are asserted, they are only relevant to the canonicalizer when it is canonicalizing expressions in the microtheory in which the directive is asserted, or a specMt thereof.") (#$genls #$CanonicalizerDirectivePredicate #$IntangibleObjectPredicate) (#$genls #$CanonicalizerDirectivePredicate #$Predicate) (#$isa #$CanonicalizerDirectivePredicate #$PredicateCategory) (#$comment #$CapabilitiesMt "The purpose of this microtheory is to gather together vocabulary and rules concerning capabilities. Reasoning about capabilities often requires a number of rules, and those rules will be gathered together here, so that they will be available to applications. Any microtheory in which it is necessary to reason about capabilities should be a spec-microtheory of this one.") (#$genlMt #$CapabilitiesMt #$BaseKB) (#$genlMt #$CapabilitiesMt #$CapabilitiesVocabularyMt) (#$isa #$CapabilitiesMt #$GeneralMicrotheory) (#$isa #$CapabilitiesMt #$TheoryMicrotheory) (#$comment #$CapabilitiesVocabularyMt "The #$VocabularyMicrotheory for #$CapabilitiesMt") (#$genlMt #$CapabilitiesVocabularyMt #$BaseKB) (#$isa #$CapabilitiesVocabularyMt #$VocabularyMicrotheory) (#$comment #$CapabilityPredicate "This is a collection of #$TernaryPredicates which assert capabilities of different sorts, and all of which can be generalized in the same way on their second and third argument places. See the antecedent rule.") (#$genls #$CapabilityPredicate #$TernaryPredicate) (#$isa #$CapabilityPredicate #$PredicateCategory) (#$partitionedInto #$CapabilityPredicate (#$ThePartition #$CapabilityPredicate-InstanceLevel #$CapabilityPredicate-TypeLevel)) (#$comment #$CapabilityPredicate-InstanceLevel "This is the subcollection of those #$CapabilityPredicates whose first argument #$isa #$Individual.") (#$genls #$CapabilityPredicate-InstanceLevel #$CapabilityPredicate) (#$genls #$CapabilityPredicate-InstanceLevel #$TernaryPredicate) (#$isa #$CapabilityPredicate-InstanceLevel #$PredicateCategory) (#$comment #$CapabilityPredicate-TypeLevel "This is the subcollection of those #$CapabilityPredicates whose first argument is a specialization of #$Individual. These predicates are 'type-level' because they assert something about the capabilities of a type of thing, rather than an individual. Contrast #$CapabilityPredicate-InstanceLevel.") (#$genls #$CapabilityPredicate-TypeLevel #$CapabilityPredicate) (#$genls #$CapabilityPredicate-TypeLevel #$KindLevelPredicate) (#$genls #$CapabilityPredicate-TypeLevel #$TernaryPredicate) (#$isa #$CapabilityPredicate-TypeLevel #$PredicateCategory) (#$arg1Format #$capableOf #$SetTheFormat) (#$arg1Isa #$capableOf #$Agent) (#$arg2Format #$capableOf #$SetTheFormat) (#$arg2Genl #$capableOf #$Situation-Temporal) (#$arg2Isa #$capableOf #$FirstOrderCollection) (#$arg3Format #$capableOf #$SetTheFormat) (#$arg3Isa #$capableOf #$BinaryRolePredicate) (#$argFormat #$capableOf 1 #$SetTheFormat) (#$argFormat #$capableOf 2 #$SetTheFormat) (#$argFormat #$capableOf 3 #$SetTheFormat) (#$argGenl #$capableOf 2 #$Situation-Temporal) (#$argGenl #$capableOf 2 #$Situation-Temporal) (#$argIsa #$capableOf 1 #$Agent) (#$argIsa #$capableOf 1 #$Agent) (#$argIsa #$capableOf 3 #$BinaryRolePredicate) (#$argIsa #$capableOf 3 #$BinaryRolePredicate) (#$argIsa #$capableOf 2 #$FirstOrderCollection) (#$argIsa #$capableOf 2 #$FirstOrderCollection) (#$arity #$capableOf 3) (#$comment #$capableOf "This predicate can be used to assert that an agent is fully able to carry out a certain role in a certain type of situation. (#$capableOf AGENT SITTYPE ROLE) means that AGENT is able to perform ROLE in #$Situations of the type SITTYPE. This entails that AGENT is qualified in all the relevant ways to fill that ROLE; i.e. AGENT is #$physicallyCapableOf playing that ROLE in instances of SITTYPE -- and, given that AGENT is the appropriate sort of #$Agent -- is also #$anatomicallyCapableOf, #$fiscallyCapableOf, #$legallyCapableOf, and #$skillCapableOf playing that ROLE in SITTYPEs.") (#$genlPreds #$capableOf #$behaviorCapable) (#$genlPreds #$capableOf #$physicallyCapableOf) (#$isa #$capableOf #$CapabilityPredicate-InstanceLevel) (#$isa #$capableOf #$SituationTypeTernaryPredicate) (#$isa #$capableOf #$TernaryPredicate) (#$arg1Isa #$capitalCity #$GeopoliticalEntity) (#$arg1Isa #$capitalCity #$GeopoliticalEntity) (#$arg2Format #$capitalCity #$SingleEntry) (#$arg2Isa #$capitalCity #$CapitalCityOfRegion) (#$arg2Isa #$capitalCity #$CapitalCityOfRegion) (#$argFormat #$capitalCity 2 #$SingleEntry) (#$argIsa #$capitalCity 2 #$CapitalCityOfRegion) (#$argIsa #$capitalCity 2 #$CapitalCityOfRegion) (#$argIsa #$capitalCity 2 #$CapitalCityOfRegion) (#$argIsa #$capitalCity 1 #$GeopoliticalEntity) (#$argIsa #$capitalCity 1 #$GeopoliticalEntity) (#$argIsa #$capitalCity 1 #$GeopoliticalEntity) (#$arity #$capitalCity 2) (#$comment #$capitalCity "The predicate #$capitalCity is used to relate a geopolitical entity to its capital. (#$capitalCity GEO CITY) means that CITY is the capital city of the #$GeopoliticalEntity GEO. Examples: the #$capitalCity of the #$UnitedStatesOfAmerica is the #$CityOfWashingtonDC; the #$capitalCity of #$AmericanSamoa is #$CityOfPagoPagoSamoa. Note: to relate an instance of #$State-Geopolitical to its capital, use the more specialized predicate #$capitalCityOfThisState.") (#$genlPreds #$capitalCity #$geopoliticalSubdivision) (#$interArgFormat1-1 #$capitalCity #$CountrySubsidiary #$SingleEntry) (#$interArgIsa1-2 #$capitalCity #$State-Geopolitical #$StateCapital) (#$isa #$capitalCity #$AntiTransitiveBinaryPredicate) (#$isa #$capitalCity #$AntiTransitiveBinaryPredicate) (#$isa #$capitalCity #$AsymmetricBinaryPredicate) (#$isa #$capitalCity #$CotemporalObjectsSlot) (#$isa #$capitalCity #$InterExistingObjectPredicate) (#$isa #$capitalCity #$PartPredicate) (#$isa #$capitalCity #$StrictlyFunctionalSlot) (#$negationInverse #$capitalCity #$capitalCity) (#$strictlyFunctionalInArgs #$capitalCity 2) (#$comment #$CapitalCityOfRegion "A specialization of #$City. Each instance of #$CapitalCityOfRegion is a city that is the capital of its surrounding region. This includes capitals of countries as well as capitals of subregions of countries, such as states, provinces, and counties. Examples include #$CityOfRomeItaly, #$CityOfCardiffWales, #$CityOfAustinTX, #$CityOfAbidjanIvoryCoast, #$CityOfLhasaTibet, and #$CityOfColumbusOH. See also #$capitalCity and #$capitalCityOfThisState.") (#$genls #$CapitalCityOfRegion #$City) (#$isa #$CapitalCityOfRegion #$ExistingObjectType) (#$isa #$CapitalCityOfRegion #$SpatiallyDisjointRegionType) (#$isa #$CapitalCityOfRegion #$SpatiallyDisjointRegionType) (#$comment #$CapturingAnimal "A specialization of #$PurposefulPhysicalAction. In each instance of #$CapturingAnimal, an agent takes physical control of a (human or non-human) animal. Notable specializations of #$CapturingAnimal include #$Trapping and #$ArrestingSomeone.") (#$genls #$CapturingAnimal #$HarmingAnAgent) (#$genls #$CapturingAnimal #$Individual) (#$genls #$CapturingAnimal #$PurposefulPhysicalAction) (#$genls #$CapturingAnimal #$TakingSomething) (#$isa #$CapturingAnimal #$DefaultDisjointScriptType) (#$isa #$CapturingAnimal #$TemporalObjectType) (#$comment #$Card "An instance of #$ExistingObjectType, and a specialization of #$HardcopyInformationBearingObject. Each instance of #$Card is a small, sturdy sheet of stuff -- usually cardstock paper, although it could be plastic or thin metal -- bearing some kind of information. Specializations of #$Card include #$CreditCard, #$BusinessCard, and #$PostCard. Note that electronic objects that perform the same functions as some instances of #$Card (for example, electronic greeting cards) are not instances of #$Card.") (#$genls #$Card #$HardcopyInformationBearingObject) (#$genls #$Card #$HexalateralObject) (#$genls #$Card #$Individual) (#$genls #$Card #$PortableObject) (#$genls #$Card #$SheetOfSomeStuff) (#$isa #$Card #$ExistingObjectType) (#$arg1Format #$cardinality #$openEntryFormatInArgs) (#$arg1Isa #$cardinality #$SetOrCollection) (#$arg2Format #$cardinality #$IntervalEntry) (#$arg2Isa #$cardinality #$Cardinal-Mathematical) (#$argFormat #$cardinality 2 #$IntervalEntry) (#$argFormat #$cardinality 1 #$openEntryFormatInArgs) (#$argIsa #$cardinality 2 #$Cardinal-Mathematical) (#$argIsa #$cardinality 2 #$Cardinal-Mathematical) (#$argIsa #$cardinality 1 #$SetOrCollection) (#$argIsa #$cardinality 1 #$SetOrCollection) (#$arity #$cardinality 2) (#$comment #$cardinality "(#$cardinality SETORCOL N) means that the #$SetOrCollection SETORCOL has N members. For instance, (#$cardinality #$TheEmptySet 0). Note that the concept of cardinality is clearest for finite sets; only in special branches of mathematics does one speak of the cardinality of infinite sets. See also #$entityCardinality, #$Note-cardinality-vs-entityCardinality, #$groupCardinality.") (#$functionalInArgs #$cardinality 2) (#$isa #$cardinality #$BinaryPredicate) (#$isa #$cardinality #$CollectionPredicate) (#$isa #$cardinality #$IntervalBasedQuantitySlot) (#$arg1Isa #$cardinalityAtLeast #$SetOrCollection) (#$arg2Isa #$cardinalityAtLeast #$NonNegativeInteger) (#$argIsa #$cardinalityAtLeast 2 #$NonNegativeInteger) (#$argIsa #$cardinalityAtLeast 2 #$NonNegativeInteger) (#$argIsa #$cardinalityAtLeast 1 #$SetOrCollection) (#$argIsa #$cardinalityAtLeast 1 #$SetOrCollection) (#$arity #$cardinalityAtLeast 2) (#$comment #$cardinalityAtLeast "(#$cardinalityAtLeast SET N) means that SET contains at least N elements. Example: (#$cardinalityAtLeast (#$SubcollectionWithAttributeFn #$Cat #$BlackColor) 3) iff there are at least 3 black cats.") (#$isa #$cardinalityAtLeast #$BinaryPredicate) (#$comment #$Cardinal-Mathematical "The collection of all cardinals, finite and infinite. This collection includes #$NonNegativeInteger as well as all the infinite cardinals such as 'aleph-1' (or 'omega-1' as called sometimes).") (#$genls #$Cardinal-Mathematical #$ScalarPointValue) (#$isa #$Cardinal-Mathematical #$AtemporalNecessarilyEssentialCollectionType) (#$isa #$Cardinal-Mathematical #$FirstOrderCollection) (#$comment #$CargoShip "#$CargoShip is a specialization of #$Ship. Each instance of #$CargoShip is a ship that is designed to transport a large amount of goods. See also #$TankerShip.") (#$disjointWith #$CargoShip #$Ferry) (#$genls #$CargoShip #$Individual) (#$genls #$CargoShip #$Ship) (#$isa #$CargoShip #$ExistingObjectType) (#$isa #$CargoShip #$ProductType) (#$isa #$CargoShip #$WaterVehicleTypeByDesign) (#$isa #$CargoShip #$WaterVehicleTypeByDesign) (#$comment #$CaribbeanRegion "The area that includes the #$CaribbeanSea and the islands surrounded by it, such as #$Jamaica and #$Hispaniola-Island.") (#$isa #$CaribbeanRegion #$GeoculturalRegion) (#$isa #$CaribbeanRegion #$Individual) (#$comment #$Carnivore "A #$Collection of organisms classified by their typical source of food. Elements of #$Carnivore feed on animals. Note: #$Carnivore is not an instance of #$BiologicalTaxon; e.g., #$Carnivore contains #$Dog as a subset but is not its biological taxon. Note that a #$Carnivore is not necessarily a #$Heterotroph, as carnivorous plants both digest insects and produce food using #$Chlorophyll.") (#$genls #$Carnivore #$Individual) (#$genls #$Carnivore #$Organism-Whole) (#$isa #$Carnivore #$ExistingObjectType) (#$isa #$Carnivore #$OrganismClassificationType) (#$comment #$CarnivoreOrder "An instance of #$BiologicalOrder, and a specialization of #$Mammal. Instances of #$CarnivoreOrder are mammals whose teeth are adapted for efficient cutting of meat and tendon. Although instances of #$CarnivoreOrder have teeth adapted for eating meat, not all instances of #$CarnivoreOrder are meat-eaters; #$Bears are omnivorous, while #$PandaBears are usually vegetarians. See also the collection #$Carnivore.") (#$genls #$CarnivoreOrder #$Carnivore) (#$genls #$CarnivoreOrder #$Eutheria) (#$genls #$CarnivoreOrder #$Individual) (#$genls #$CarnivoreOrder #$Mammal) (#$genls #$CarnivoreOrder #$NonPersonAnimal) (#$isa #$CarnivoreOrder #$BiologicalOrder) (#$isa #$CarnivoreOrder #$ExistingObjectType) (#$arg1Isa #$carriesInfectionType #$PartiallyTangible) (#$arg1Isa #$carriesInfectionType #$PartiallyTangible) (#$arg2Format #$carriesInfectionType #$SetTheFormat) (#$arg2Genl #$carriesInfectionType #$Infection) (#$arg2Genl #$carriesInfectionType #$Infection) (#$arg2Isa #$carriesInfectionType #$InfectionType) (#$arg2Isa #$carriesInfectionType #$InfectionType) (#$argFormat #$carriesInfectionType 2 #$SetTheFormat) (#$argGenl #$carriesInfectionType 2 #$Infection) (#$argGenl #$carriesInfectionType 2 #$Infection) (#$argGenl #$carriesInfectionType 2 #$Infection) (#$argIsa #$carriesInfectionType 2 #$InfectionType) (#$argIsa #$carriesInfectionType 2 #$InfectionType) (#$argIsa #$carriesInfectionType 2 #$InfectionType) (#$argIsa #$carriesInfectionType 1 #$PartiallyTangible) (#$argIsa #$carriesInfectionType 1 #$PartiallyTangible) (#$argIsa #$carriesInfectionType 1 #$PartiallyTangible) (#$arity #$carriesInfectionType 2) (#$comment #$carriesInfectionType "The predicate (#$carriesInfectionType OBJECT INFECT_TYPE) relates a particular organism or other object to a type of infection that it carries. (#$carriesInfectionType OBJ INFTYP) means that the individual OBJ is a carrier of the #$InfectionType INFTYP. For example, (#$carriesInfectionType TyphoidMary #$TyphoidFever) or (#$carriesInfectionType Needle0567 #$AIDS).") (#$isa #$carriesInfectionType #$BinaryPredicate) (#$comment #$CarryingWhileLocomoting "Events in which something moves by locomotion, while holding some object, so that the object also moves. Examples include a person carrying a baby. A negative example is a propeller plane towing a glider.") (#$genls #$CarryingWhileLocomoting #$Individual) (#$genls #$CarryingWhileLocomoting #$TransportationEvent) (#$isa #$CarryingWhileLocomoting #$TemporalStuffType) (#$arg1Format #$catalyst #$SetTheFormat) (#$arg1Isa #$catalyst #$ChemicalReaction) (#$arg1Isa #$catalyst #$ChemicalReaction) (#$arg2Format #$catalyst #$SetTheFormat) (#$arg2Isa #$catalyst #$PartiallyTangible) (#$arg2Isa #$catalyst #$PartiallyTangible) (#$argFormat #$catalyst 1 #$SetTheFormat) (#$argFormat #$catalyst 2 #$SetTheFormat) (#$argIsa #$catalyst 1 #$ChemicalReaction) (#$argIsa #$catalyst 1 #$ChemicalReaction) (#$argIsa #$catalyst 1 #$ChemicalReaction) (#$argIsa #$catalyst 2 #$PartiallyTangible) (#$argIsa #$catalyst 2 #$PartiallyTangible) (#$argIsa #$catalyst 2 #$PartiallyTangible) (#$arity #$catalyst 2) (#$comment #$catalyst "The predicate #$catalyst identifies the particular thing that acts as a catalyst in a particular chemical reaction. (#$catalyst R X) means that the #$ChemicalReaction R has the particular quantity of substance X as a catalyst. For example, every instance of #$Photosynthesis-Generic has some portion of #$Chlorophyll as a catalyst; an amount of #$Water may be a #$catalyst in some #$OxidationProcess of a #$Metal.") (#$genlPreds #$catalyst #$unchangedActors) (#$isa #$catalyst #$ActorSlot) (#$isa #$catalyst #$BinaryPredicate) (#$isa #$catalyst #$IndividualLevelPredicate) (#$negationPreds #$catalyst #$chemicalProducts) (#$negationPreds #$catalyst #$chemicalReactants) (#$relationAllExists #$catalyst #$BiologicalCatabolismEvent #$TemporalThing) (#$relationAllExists #$catalyst #$ChemicalReaction #$TemporalThing) (#$minimizeExtent #$catalyst) (#$arg1Isa #$causedBy #$Event) (#$arg2Format #$causedBy #$SetTheFormat) (#$arg2Isa #$causedBy #$Event) (#$argFormat #$causedBy 2 #$SetTheFormat) (#$argIsa #$causedBy 1 #$Event) (#$argIsa #$causedBy 1 #$Event) (#$argIsa #$causedBy 2 #$Event) (#$argIsa #$causedBy 2 #$Event) (#$arity #$causedBy 2) (#$comment #$causedBy "#$causedBy is the predicate used for token-token event causation, i.e., causation between individual events. (#$causedBy EVENT1 EVENT2) means that EVENT1 is causedBy EVENT2. See #$causes-ThingProp to state that a #$TemporalThing causes a proposition. See #$causes-PropProp to express a causal link between one proposition and another.") (#$genlPreds #$causedBy #$startsAfterStartingOf) (#$isa #$causedBy #$AsymmetricBinaryPredicate) (#$negationInverse #$causedBy #$causedBy) (#$arg1Isa #$causes-PropProp #$ELSentence-Assertible) (#$arg2Isa #$causes-PropProp #$ELSentence-Assertible) (#$argIsa #$causes-PropProp 1 #$ELSentence-Assertible) (#$argIsa #$causes-PropProp 1 #$ELSentence-Assertible) (#$argIsa #$causes-PropProp 2 #$ELSentence-Assertible) (#$argIsa #$causes-PropProp 2 #$ELSentence-Assertible) (#$arity #$causes-PropProp 2) (#$comment #$causes-PropProp "A causal-relation predicate that holds between sentences (see #$ELSentence-Assertible). (#$causes-PropProp SENT1 SENT2) means that the state-of-affairs described by SENT1 causes the state-of-affairs described by SENT2. Both of these states-of-affairs are presumed to be actual (from the point of view of the context in which the #$causes-PropProp sentence is asserted), i.e. both SENT1 and SENT2 are true. Thus (#$implies SENT1 SENT2) will also hold. But note that #$causes-PropProp differs from #$implies in four important ways: (1) Unlike an #$implies sentence, a #$causes-PropProp sentence entails a certain temporal ordering: the state of affairs described by SENT2 must not temporally precede the state of affairs described by SENT1 (though they may be simultaneous). (2) Unlike an #$implies sentence, a #$causes-PropProp sentence presumes an underlying mechanism of causation. (3) While #$implies is reflexive, #$causes-PropProp is irreflexive: (#$implies SENT SENT) holds for any SENT but (#$causes-PropProp SENT SENT) never holds. (4) While #$implies is a truth-functional logical connective, #$causes-PropProp is a #$Predicate and is not truth-functional. One consequence of this is that contraposition does not hold for the latter: (#$causes-PropProp SENT1 SENT2) does NOT entail (#$causes-PropProp (#$not SENT2) (#$not SENT1)). Note that (#$causes-PropProp SENT1 SENT2) can be a more informative way of talking about causation than saying that some event EVENT1 causes some event EVENT2 (see #$causes-EventEvent). This is because often there are just a few key aspects of EVENT1 that cause a few key aspects of EVENT2, to which the remaining details of EVENT1 and EVENT2 are irrelevant; and these key aspects can be expressed directly in sentences. For the same reason, #$causes-PropProp statements can be more informative than those that causally relate #$Situations (see #$causes-SitSit). See #$NoteAboutCausalityPredicates for a full list of CycL causal-relation predicates.") (#$genlPreds #$causes-PropProp #$causes-ThingProp) (#$genlPreds #$causes-PropProp #$sentenceImplies) (#$isa #$causes-PropProp #$IrreflexiveBinaryPredicate) (#$isa #$causes-PropProp #$PropositionPredicate) (#$isa #$causes-PropProp #$TransitiveBinaryPredicate) (#$sharedNotes #$causes-PropProp #$NoteAboutCausalityPredicates) (#$arg1Isa #$causes-ThingProp #$Individual) (#$arg2Isa #$causes-ThingProp #$ELSentence-Assertible) (#$argIsa #$causes-ThingProp 2 #$ELSentence-Assertible) (#$argIsa #$causes-ThingProp 2 #$ELSentence-Assertible) (#$argIsa #$causes-ThingProp 1 #$Individual) (#$argIsa #$causes-ThingProp 1 #$Individual) (#$arity #$causes-ThingProp 2) (#$comment #$causes-ThingProp "(#$causes-ThingProp THING PROP) means that THING causes the proposition PROP to become true. THING may be an #$Agent, a #$Situation, or a #$ELSentence-Assertible. This is a very general predicate. It is almost always better to use a more specialized predicate such as #$causes-PropProp, #$causes-EventEvent, or #$causes-SitProp, particularly in rules. Nonetheless, #$causes-ThingProp can be useful if one wishes to collect all the possible causes of some proposition be they #$Situations, #$Agents, other propositions (see #$ELSentence-Assertible). See #$NoteAboutCausalityPredicates for a map of related predicates.") (#$genlPreds #$causes-ThingProp #$enables-ThingProp) (#$isa #$causes-ThingProp #$BinaryPredicate) (#$isa #$causes-ThingProp #$PropositionPredicate) (#$sharedNotes #$causes-ThingProp #$NoteAboutCausalityPredicates) (#$comment #$CausingAnotherObjectsTranslationalMotion "A collection of events. In each instance of #$CausingAnotherObjectsTranslationalMotion, one object causes another object to undergo a translational motion. The object causing the motion is the #$providerOfMotiveForce. The object which is caused to move is the #$objectActedOn (and also the #$objectMoving) in the event. One way to cause another object's motion is to carry it along with oneself (see the specialization #$CarryingWhileLocomoting); other ways include throwing it, kicking it, or knocking it away. Some instances of #$CausingAnotherObjectsTranslationalMotion may also be instances of #$Translation-Complete (such as instances of #$CarryingWhileLocomoting) whereas others (such as instances of #$PumpingFluid) may be instances of #$Translation-Flow. Examples include a train transporting passengers, a person pushing a coin into a vending machine, the release of a bowstring which propels an arrow, and a magnet attracting a nail.") (#$genls #$CausingAnotherObjectsTranslationalMotion #$ActionOnObject) (#$genls #$CausingAnotherObjectsTranslationalMotion #$Individual) (#$genls #$CausingAnotherObjectsTranslationalMotion #$Movement-TranslationEvent) (#$isa #$CausingAnotherObjectsTranslationalMotion #$TemporalObjectType) (#$comment #$Cavity "The collection of all cavities, including instances of #$Crevice, deep concavities or holes, and cavities of containers (for example, the interior of a box). Instances of #$Cavity can include walls as parts, in which case they are instances of #$CavityWithWalls. Instances of #$Cavity, unlike instances of #$Container, do not have well defined outside walls.") (#$disjointWith #$Cavity #$Agent-Generic) (#$disjointWith #$Cavity #$ConvexTangibleObject) (#$disjointWith #$Cavity #$TransportationDevice) (#$genls #$Cavity #$CavityOrContainer) (#$genls #$Cavity #$Individual) (#$isa #$Cavity #$ExistingObjectType) (#$arg1Isa #$cavityConnectedAlongPathSide #$CavityOrContainer) (#$arg1Isa #$cavityConnectedAlongPathSide #$CavityOrContainer) (#$arg2Isa #$cavityConnectedAlongPathSide #$PartiallyTangible) (#$arg2Isa #$cavityConnectedAlongPathSide #$PartiallyTangible) (#$arg2Isa #$cavityConnectedAlongPathSide #$Path-Simple) (#$arg2Isa #$cavityConnectedAlongPathSide #$Path-Simple) (#$argIsa #$cavityConnectedAlongPathSide 1 #$CavityOrContainer) (#$argIsa #$cavityConnectedAlongPathSide 1 #$CavityOrContainer) (#$argIsa #$cavityConnectedAlongPathSide 1 #$CavityOrContainer) (#$argIsa #$cavityConnectedAlongPathSide 2 #$PartiallyTangible) (#$argIsa #$cavityConnectedAlongPathSide 2 #$PartiallyTangible) (#$argIsa #$cavityConnectedAlongPathSide 2 #$PartiallyTangible) (#$argIsa #$cavityConnectedAlongPathSide 2 #$Path-Simple) (#$argIsa #$cavityConnectedAlongPathSide 2 #$Path-Simple) (#$argIsa #$cavityConnectedAlongPathSide 2 #$Path-Simple) (#$arity #$cavityConnectedAlongPathSide 2) (#$comment #$cavityConnectedAlongPathSide "(cavityConnectedAlongPathSide PATH CAVITY) means that there is a portal somewhere along the wall of the #$Path-Generic (which must also be #$PartiallyTangible) PATH which leads to the #$CavityOrContainer CAVITY. It does not apply if an end of PATH is the portal, nor to a branching of the path, nor a small hole in an otherwise dead end of the path. The portal is substantially smaller in width than the path, and instead of a smaller path connected there, the portal opens into a neighboring #$CavityOrContainer. Example: an #$Alveolus attached to a #$RespiratoryBronchiole in the #$Lung is so connected. Or, a room opening along the side of a hallway.") (#$genlPreds #$cavityConnectedAlongPathSide #$temporallyIntersects) (#$isa #$cavityConnectedAlongPathSide #$ConnectionPredicate) (#$isa #$cavityConnectedAlongPathSide #$CustomaryPathCycLConstant) (#$isa #$cavityConnectedAlongPathSide #$InterExistingObjectPredicate) (#$arg1Isa #$cavityHasWall #$CavityWithWalls) (#$arg2Format #$cavityHasWall #$SetTheFormat) (#$arg2Isa #$cavityHasWall #$SolidTangibleThing) (#$argFormat #$cavityHasWall 2 #$SetTheFormat) (#$argIsa #$cavityHasWall 1 #$CavityWithWalls) (#$argIsa #$cavityHasWall 1 #$CavityWithWalls) (#$argIsa #$cavityHasWall 2 #$SolidTangibleThing) (#$argIsa #$cavityHasWall 2 #$SolidTangibleThing) (#$arity #$cavityHasWall 2) (#$comment #$cavityHasWall "(cavityHasWall CAV WALL) means that the the #$Cavity CAV has WALL as one of its walls (or part of one of its walls), or partly-enclosing inner surfaces. #$cavityHasWall is often used for describing the relationship between some space or part of a #$ConstructionArtifact and the substructures that bound or enclose it (e.g., the relationship between a room and its walls, floor(s), and ceiling(s)).") (#$genlPreds #$cavityHasWall #$physicalParts) (#$isa #$cavityHasWall #$AsymmetricBinaryPredicate) (#$isa #$cavityHasWall #$PhysicalPartPredicate) (#$negationInverse #$cavityHasWall #$cavityHasWall) (#$negationInverse #$cavityHasWall #$cavityHasWall) (#$negationPreds #$cavityHasWall #$physicalPortions) (#$relationAllExists #$cavityHasWall #$CavityWithWalls #$InsideSurface) (#$relationAllExists #$cavityHasWall #$RoomInAConstruction #$WallOfAConstruction) (#$relationExistsAll #$cavityHasWall #$RoomInAConstruction #$CeilingOfARoom) (#$relationExistsAll #$cavityHasWall #$RoomInAConstruction #$FloorInAConstruction) (#$typedGenlPreds #$cavityHasWall #$physicalParts) (#$comment #$CavityInteriorContent "The collection of pieces of matter that fill or occupy the space inside cavities (i.e. instances of #$CavityInteriorRegion). Instances of #$CavityInteriorContent can be solid (like a gold filling in a tooth) or fluid (like air in a cave or water in a pot-hole).") (#$genls #$CavityInteriorContent #$CavityInterior-Generic) (#$genls #$CavityInteriorContent #$CavityInterior-Generic) (#$genls #$CavityInteriorContent #$Individual) (#$genls #$CavityInteriorContent #$PartiallyTangible) (#$isa #$CavityInteriorContent #$ExistingObjectType) (#$comment #$CavityInterior-Generic "A subcollection of #$SpatialThing-Localized whose instances are \"cavity interiors\", which might be either the intangible space region inside a cavity's walls (see #$CavityInteriorRegion) or the (partially) tangible material that occupies this region (see #$CavityInteriorContent).") (#$genls #$CavityInterior-Generic #$Individual) (#$genls #$CavityInterior-Generic #$SpatialThing-Localized) (#$isa #$CavityInterior-Generic #$ExistingObjectType) (#$partitionedInto #$CavityInterior-Generic (#$ThePartition #$CavityInteriorRegion #$CavityInteriorContent)) (#$comment #$CavityInteriorRegion "The collection of space regions that constitute cavities inside the walls or boundaries of solid objects. Such regions need not be completely sealed off. As a space region, an instance of #$CavityInteriorRegion is intangible, and thus not to be confused with the partially tangible matter that might fill or occupy it (see #$CavityInteriorContent). See also #$Cavity, whose instances, unlike those of #$CavityInteriorRegion, can include walls (in which cases they are also instances of #$CavityWithWalls).") (#$genls #$CavityInteriorRegion #$Cavity) (#$genls #$CavityInteriorRegion #$CavityInterior-Generic) (#$genls #$CavityInteriorRegion #$Individual) (#$genls #$CavityInteriorRegion #$SpaceRegion-Empirical) (#$isa #$CavityInteriorRegion #$RegionType) (#$arg1Isa #$CavityInteriorRegionFn #$PartiallyTangible) (#$arg1Isa #$CavityInteriorRegionFn #$PartiallyTangible) (#$argIsa #$CavityInteriorRegionFn 1 #$PartiallyTangible) (#$argIsa #$CavityInteriorRegionFn 1 #$PartiallyTangible) (#$argIsa #$CavityInteriorRegionFn 1 #$PartiallyTangible) (#$arity #$CavityInteriorRegionFn 1) (#$comment #$CavityInteriorRegionFn "(#$CavityInteriorRegionFn OBJECT) denotes the entire interior space region (#$CavityInteriorRegion) within any #$Cavity or cavites (chambers, passages, pockets, bubbles, etc.) that occur inside of OBJECT. This does not include the walls of the chamber(s) or passage(s), just the interior space itself.") (#$functionCorrespondingPredicate-Canonical #$CavityInteriorRegionFn #$cavityInteriorRegionOf 1) (#$isa #$CavityInteriorRegionFn #$IndividualDenotingFunction) (#$isa #$CavityInteriorRegionFn #$ReifiableFunction) (#$isa #$CavityInteriorRegionFn #$UnaryFunction) (#$resultIsa #$CavityInteriorRegionFn #$CavityInteriorRegion) (#$resultIsa #$CavityInteriorRegionFn #$Individual) (#$arg1Format #$cavityInteriorRegionOf #$SingleEntry) (#$arg1Isa #$cavityInteriorRegionOf #$CavityInteriorRegion) (#$arg1Isa #$cavityInteriorRegionOf #$CavityInteriorRegion) (#$arg2Isa #$cavityInteriorRegionOf #$PartiallyTangible) (#$arg2Isa #$cavityInteriorRegionOf #$PartiallyTangible) (#$argFormat #$cavityInteriorRegionOf 1 #$SingleEntry) (#$argIsa #$cavityInteriorRegionOf 1 #$CavityInteriorRegion) (#$argIsa #$cavityInteriorRegionOf 1 #$CavityInteriorRegion) (#$argIsa #$cavityInteriorRegionOf 1 #$CavityInteriorRegion) (#$argIsa #$cavityInteriorRegionOf 2 #$PartiallyTangible) (#$argIsa #$cavityInteriorRegionOf 2 #$PartiallyTangible) (#$argIsa #$cavityInteriorRegionOf 2 #$PartiallyTangible) (#$arity #$cavityInteriorRegionOf 2) (#$comment #$cavityInteriorRegionOf "(#$cavityInteriorRegionOf INT OBJ) means that INT is all of the interior space (see #$CavityInteriorRegion) within the cavity or cavities (possibly discontinuous chambers, passages, pockets, bubbles, etc.) that occur inside of the #$PartiallyTangible OBJ. Note that INT does not include the walls of the cavity or cavities that occur inside of OBJ, just the interior space itself. See also #$CavityInteriorRegionFn.") (#$functionalInArgs #$cavityInteriorRegionOf 1) (#$genlPreds #$cavityInteriorRegionOf #$inRegion) (#$isa #$cavityInteriorRegionOf #$CotemporalObjectsSlot) (#$isa #$cavityInteriorRegionOf #$FunctionalPredicate) (#$relationExistsAll #$cavityInteriorRegionOf #$CavityInteriorRegion #$Cavity) (#$strictlyFunctionalInArgs #$cavityInteriorRegionOf 1) (#$comment #$CavityOrContainer "The collection of all cavities, containers, and hollow objects. An instance of #$CavityOrContainer spatially subsumes a hollow space region, and might include as #$physicalParts either no enclosing walls (#$CavityInteriorRegion), just the inside surface of the walls (#$CavityWithWalls), or the complete walls (#$ContainerShapedObject). #$Containers, such as coffee cups, buildings or stomachs, have well-defined outside walls. Instances of #$Cavity such as caves and rooms do not have well-defined outside walls. #$CavityOrContainer was reified since certain properties hold true of both instances of #$Container and of #$Cavity, and since we wish to use certain predicates interchangeably. For example, we wish to use the same predicate, #$pipeEndsAtCavity for talking about relationships holding between esophagi and stomachs in addition to that which holds between hallways and rooms.") (#$genls #$CavityOrContainer #$Individual) (#$genls #$CavityOrContainer #$SpatialThing-Localized) (#$isa #$CavityOrContainer #$ExistingObjectType) (#$comment #$CavityWithWalls "A specialization of #$PartiallyTangible and #$Cavity. Each instance of #$CavityWithWalls is an individual that spatially subsumes both the intangible space region \"inside\" a cavity (see #$CavityInteriorRegion) and the surfaces that constitute the inner walls of the cavity. Compare #$CavityWithWalls to the collection #$Cavity -- some instances of #$Cavity have their walls as parts, and some do not.") (#$genls #$CavityWithWalls #$Cavity) (#$genls #$CavityWithWalls #$Individual) (#$genls #$CavityWithWalls #$PartiallyTangible) (#$isa #$CavityWithWalls #$ExistingObjectType) (#$comment #$CeilingOfARoom "#$CeilingOfARoom is a specialization of #$PartOfRoomInAConstruction. Each instance of #$CeilingOfARoom is a ceiling of some #$RoomInAConstruction. Note that, unlike walls, ceilings are conventionally considered to be 'one-sided' objects. The other side of a #$CeilingOfARoom may be a #$RoofOfAConstruction, or in a #$ModernShelterConstruction, more probably the #$FloorInAConstruction in another room.") (#$genls #$CeilingOfARoom #$Individual) (#$genls #$CeilingOfARoom #$PartiallyTangible) (#$genls #$CeilingOfARoom #$PartOfRoomInAConstruction) (#$isa #$CeilingOfARoom #$ExistingObjectType) (#$genls #$Celebratory-Emotion #$Delight) (#$genls #$Celebratory-Emotion #$Excitement) (#$genls #$Celebratory-Emotion #$PrideOfAccomplishment) (#$isa #$Celebratory-Emotion #$AtemporalNecessarilyEssentialCollectionType) (#$isa #$Celebratory-Emotion #$FeelingType) (#$comment #$CelestialBody "A specialization of both #$CelestialObject and #$AstronomicalBody (qq.v.). Each instance of #$CelestialBody is an celestial object that is an individual body, as opposed to a group or system of such bodies. In other words, celestial bodies are astronomical bodies that can be seen in the heavens from the surface of the Earth without the aid of artificial optical instruments. Instances include #$Sun, #$MoonOfEarth, and #$PlanetMars.") (#$genls #$CelestialBody #$AstronomicalObject) (#$genls #$CelestialBody #$Individual) (#$isa #$CelestialBody #$ExistingObjectType) (#$comment #$CelestialObject "A specialization of #$AstronomicalObject (q.v.). Each instance of #$CelestialObject is an astronomical object that is visible in the heavens from the surface of the Earth, without the aid of artificial optical instruments. A #$CelestialObject might be either an individual heavenly body (see the specialization #$CelestialBody) or a group or system made up of such bodies (e.g. a #$Constellation).") (#$genls #$CelestialObject #$AstronomicalObject) (#$genls #$CelestialObject #$Individual) (#$isa #$CelestialObject #$ExistingObjectType) (#$comment #$Cell "The collection of living cells; a specialization of #$BiologicalLivingObject. Each instance of #$Cell is one of the basic structural units of nearly all living things, consisting (at least) of cytoplasm bounded by a cell membrane. Only the living structures viruses, mitochondria, and plastids are not composed of cells.") (#$disjointWith #$Cell #$CellPart) (#$disjointWith #$Cell #$MulticellularOrganism) (#$genls #$Cell #$BiologicalLivingObject) (#$genls #$Cell #$Individual) (#$isa #$Cell #$ExistingObjectType) (#$isa #$Cell #$OrganismConstituentType) (#$comment #$CellPart "The collection of structures which are typically found and formed as parts of #$Cells. This covers components of both #$EukaryoticCells and #$ProkaryoticCells. It includes organelles, vesicles, cell walls, extracellular matrix, plasma membranes, receptors, cellular humours, microtubules, etc.") (#$genls #$CellPart #$Individual) (#$genls #$CellPart #$MicroscopicScaleObject) (#$genls #$CellPart #$OrganismPart) (#$isa #$CellPart #$TemporalStuffType) (#$argIsa #$CentimetersPerSecond 0 #$SubLRealNumber) (#$argsIsa #$CentimetersPerSecond #$SubLRealNumber) (#$argsIsa #$CentimetersPerSecond #$SubLRealNumber) (#$argsIsa #$CentimetersPerSecond #$SubLRealNumber) (#$arityMax #$CentimetersPerSecond 2) (#$arityMax #$CentimetersPerSecond 2) (#$arityMin #$CentimetersPerSecond 1) (#$arityMin #$CentimetersPerSecond 1) (#$comment #$CentimetersPerSecond "An instance of #$UnitOfSpeed. When applied to a number or pair of numbers, #$CentimetersPerSecond returns an instance of #$Speed as its value. For example, (#$CentimetersPerSecond 9.8) is a speed of 9.8 centimeters per second.") (#$isa #$CentimetersPerSecond #$CGSUnitOfMeasure) (#$isa #$CentimetersPerSecond #$UnitOfMeasure) (#$isa #$CentimetersPerSecond #$UnitOfMeasureWithPrefix) (#$isa #$CentimetersPerSecond #$UnitOfSpeed) (#$resultIsa #$CentimetersPerSecond #$ScalarInterval) (#$resultIsa #$CentimetersPerSecond #$Speed) (#$resultIsa #$CentimetersPerSecond #$Speed) (#$argIsa #$Cent-UnitedStates 0 #$SubLRealNumber) (#$argsIsa #$Cent-UnitedStates #$SubLRealNumber) (#$argsIsa #$Cent-UnitedStates #$SubLRealNumber) (#$arityMax #$Cent-UnitedStates 2) (#$arityMax #$Cent-UnitedStates 2) (#$arityMin #$Cent-UnitedStates 1) (#$arityMin #$Cent-UnitedStates 1) (#$comment #$Cent-UnitedStates "An instance of #$UnitOfMoney. When applied to a number or a pair of numbers, #$Cent-UnitedStates returns an instance of #$MonetaryValue. For example, (#$Cent-UnitedStates 2) is two U.S. cents. #$Cent-UnitedStates is the smallest unit of money used officially in the United States of America; it is one-hundredth of a #$Dollar-UnitedStates (q.v.).") (#$isa #$Cent-UnitedStates #$UnitOfMeasure) (#$isa #$Cent-UnitedStates #$UnitOfMeasureWithPrefix) (#$isa #$Cent-UnitedStates #$UnitOfMoney) (#$resultIsa #$Cent-UnitedStates #$MonetaryValue) (#$resultIsa #$Cent-UnitedStates #$MonetaryValue) (#$comment #$CerealFood "A specialization of #$EdibleStuff and an instance of #$FoodGroup. Each instance of #$CerealFood is food that consists of a significant amount of grain products, such as breads and cereals. Note that #$CerealFood is not a specialization of #$VegetableMatter because some breads and grains (such as #$Muffins) contain non-plant constituents.") (#$disjointWith #$CerealFood #$Condiment) (#$disjointWith #$CerealFood #$Drink) (#$disjointWith #$CerealFood #$Nutrient) (#$genls #$CerealFood #$EdibleStuff) (#$genls #$CerealFood #$Individual) (#$genls #$CerealFood #$OrganicStuff) (#$isa #$CerealFood #$ExistingStuffType) (#$isa #$CerealFood #$FoodGroup) (#$comment #$CerealPlant "A specialization of both #$CropPlant and #$GrassFamily. Each sub-collection of #$CerealPlant is a type of grain-bearing plant.") (#$genls #$CerealPlant #$CropPlant) (#$genls #$CerealPlant #$Individual) (#$genls #$CerealPlant #$Plant-NonWoody) (#$isa #$CerealPlant #$ExistingObjectType) (#$isa #$CerealPlant #$OrganismClassificationType) (#$comment #$CGSUnitOfMeasure "A specialization of #$UnitOfMeasure. Each instance of #$CGSUnitOfMeasure is either one of three basic units of measure - (#$Centi #$Meter), #$Gram, and #$SecondsDuration - or is derived from one or more of these basic units of measure. For example, #$CubicCentimeter, #$Dyne, and #$Barye-UnitOfPressure are all instances of #$CGSUnitOfMeasure, since they are units of measure derived from (one or more of) (#$Centi #$Meter), #$Gram, and #$SecondsDuration.") (#$genls #$CGSUnitOfMeasure #$UnitOfMeasure) (#$isa #$CGSUnitOfMeasure #$FunctionCategory) (#$isa #$CGSUnitOfMeasure #$UnitOfMeasureTypeBySystem) (#$comment #$ChainOrganization "A specialization of #$LargeIncorporatedBusiness. Each instance of #$ChainOrganization is a parent business which comes into contact with its customers or clients primarily through its geographically dispersed sub-organizations, which typically are (mostly) homogeneous in product line, style of physical quarters, and local organizational structure. Examples include the parent organizations of McDonald's and Starbuck's.") (#$disjointWith #$ChainOrganization #$IndependentOrganization) (#$disjointWith #$ChainOrganization #$SingleSiteOrganization) (#$genls #$ChainOrganization #$Individual) (#$genls #$ChainOrganization #$LargeIncorporatedBusiness) (#$isa #$ChainOrganization #$ExistingObjectType) (#$isa #$ChainOrganization #$OrganizationTypeByStructuralCharacteristic) (#$comment #$ChangeInUserRights "A collection of events and a specialization of #$GeneralizedTransfer. Each instance of #$ChangeInUserRights is an event in which some instance of #$Agent either gains or loses possession of something. `Possession' means having some right to use a thing that one has in hand or otherwise has access to. Different types of possession (e.g. ownership, rental, borrowings) can be specified by using the appropriate instance(s) of #$UserRightsAttribute (q.v.). Changes in an agent's user rights can come about in various ways: through buying and selling, renting, borrowing or lending, giving, repossession, etc. Specializations of this collection include #$LosingUserRights, #$GainingUserRights, and #$ExchangeOfUserRights; in the latter collection, there is an alteration in the rights of two (or more) agents to use two (or more) items -- as in a purchase, when one agent gets full use rights to an object by turning over a sum of money to the object's previous owner. In addition, some changes in user rights are classified explicitly in #$TemporaryChangeOfUserRights (e.g. borrowing, renting), while others are permanent. Events that involve such changes in user rights all belong in the collection of events, #$ChangeInUserRights. In any particular #$ChangeInUserRights event, the item which is changing hands is identified as the #$objectOfPossessionTransfer.") (#$covering #$ChangeInUserRights (#$TheCovering #$GainingUserRights #$LosingUserRights)) (#$genls #$ChangeInUserRights #$GeneralizedTransfer) (#$genls #$ChangeInUserRights #$Individual) (#$isa #$ChangeInUserRights #$AccessingScriptType) (#$isa #$ChangeInUserRights #$TemporalObjectType) (#$comment #$ChangeOfStatusEvent "Elements of #$ChangeOfStatusEvent are events in which the status of a person, group, or organization changes.") (#$genls #$ChangeOfStatusEvent #$Individual) (#$genls #$ChangeOfStatusEvent #$SocialOccurrence) (#$isa #$ChangeOfStatusEvent #$TemporalObjectType) (#$comment #$ChangingDeviceState "The collection of actions in which a device goes from one state (the #$fromState) to another state (the #$toState). A change of #$DeviceState may be due to an outside #$Agent adjusting a device, or it may happen automatically due to the behavior of a device. The two most general state changes (for powered devices) are from #$DeviceOn to #$DeviceOff, and vice versa. Many other states peculiar to specific devices can be identified; for example, the states of a #$Dishwasher include #$DeviceState-Washing and #$DeviceState-Rinsing; or the states that a trapping device may be in include #$TrapArmed, #$TrapTripped, #$TrapIdle. Note that a change in the state of a device is an intrinsic change in the device; i.e., #$ChangingDeviceState is a subcollection of #$IntrinsicStateChangeEvent.") (#$genls #$ChangingDeviceState #$Individual) (#$genls #$ChangingDeviceState #$IntrinsicStateChangeEvent) (#$genls #$ChangingDeviceState #$PhysicalEvent) (#$isa #$ChangingDeviceState #$DefaultDisjointScriptType) (#$isa #$ChangingDeviceState #$TemporalObjectType) (#$comment #$Character-Abstract "An abstract character from some #$characterSetForWritingSystem, which may occur in a #$CharacterString; a letter, numeral, space, punctuation-mark, ideograph, dingbat, hieroglyphic or the like. These may be concatenated to form #$CharacterString s. A #$Character-Abstract is not any particular physical, tangible representation of the character, nor a particular encoding of it. A #$Character-Abstract is taken from a fixed #$characterSetForWritingSystem, which depends in part on the language involved. A character is a unit of information and cannot contain other characters. Some characters are printing-characters in text, but others may be line-feeds, beeps, etc. A character can be represented digitally with 32 or fewer bits, usually from 5 to 16 bits. A character may be represented visually by a mark; it may represent one or more phonemes in speech. Some phonemes may be represented by strings of more than one character. By convention, a character may have attributes like Upper Case, Nonprinting, Numeric, etc.") (#$genls #$Character-Abstract #$AtomicSymbol-Abstract) (#$genls #$Character-Abstract #$Individual) (#$isa #$Character-Abstract #$ObjectType) (#$comment #$CharacterObject "This is the character data type in C-like programming languages. Normally the char is stored in memory as one byte (8 bits).") (#$genls #$CharacterObject #$Individual) (#$genls #$CharacterObject #$ProgramObject) (#$isa #$CharacterObject #$ComputerDataType) (#$isa #$CharacterObject #$DefinedDataType) (#$isa #$CharacterObject #$LinguisticObjectType) (#$rewriteOf #$CharacterObject (#$ProgramRepresentationFn #$Character-Abstract)) (#$comment #$CharacterString "A specialization of #$AbstractInformationStructure. Each instance of #$CharacterString is a string of characters or an abstract sequence of symbols. Note that an instance of #$CharacterString is _not_ any particular physical, tangible representation, since different encodings may represent the same string of characters. An instance of #$CharacterString is a list (see the collection #$List) of characters (instances of #$Character-Abstract) from some fixed character set. An instance of #$CharacterString may be any finite length, including zero (the zero-length string is the empty string, which has no characters). Notable specializations of #$CharacterString include #$EMailAddress, #$AreaCode, #$PhoneNumber, and #$TelephoneCountryCode. Note that a #$CharacterString is ordered formally as a #$List (rather than physically left-to-right or top-to-bottom); thus the 'first' character in the #$CharacterString for an Arabic word happens to be the rightmost (first pronounced) character, not the leftmost character, due to the letter-order and word-order convention for Arabic writing.") (#$genls #$CharacterString #$AbstractInformationStructure) (#$genls #$CharacterString #$Individual) (#$genls #$CharacterString #$List) (#$isa #$CharacterString #$StuffType) (#$rewriteOf #$CharacterString (#$ListOfTypeFn #$Character-Abstract)) (#$comment #$Charm "Fascination, allurement, delight; physical grace with compelling attractiveness") (#$genls #$Charm #$Delight) (#$isa #$Charm #$AtemporalNecessarilyEssentialCollectionType) (#$isa #$Charm #$FeelingType) (#$comment #$ChatterBot "The collection of all #$SoftwareAgent that exhibit a conversational behavior via natural langage.") (#$genls #$ChatterBot #$Individual) (#$isa #$ChatterBot #$ExistingObjectType) (#$comment #$ChatterBotStateMachine "This is the #$UMLStateMachine used by #$Cyc to implement #$ChatterBot behavior.") (#$isa #$ChatterBotStateMachine #$CognitiveCycFORT) (#$isa #$ChatterBotStateMachine #$UMLStateMachine) (#$comment #$ChatterBotStateMachine-AwaitingUserInputState "This is a #$UMLSimpleState of the #$ChatterBotStateMachine in which the state machine is awaiting user input.") (#$isa #$ChatterBotStateMachine-AwaitingUserInputState #$CognitiveCycFORT) (#$isa #$ChatterBotStateMachine-AwaitingUserInputState #$UMLSimpleState) (#$comment #$ChatterBotStateMachine-BooleanExpression1 "This is a #$UMLBooleanExpression that is the guard expression for transition6 of the chatterbot state machine.") (#$isa #$ChatterBotStateMachine-BooleanExpression1 #$CognitiveCycFORT) (#$isa #$ChatterBotStateMachine-BooleanExpression1 #$UMLBooleanExpression) (#$comment #$ChatterBotStateMachine-BooleanExpression2 "This is a #$UMLBooleanExpression that is the guard expression for transition2 of the chatterbot state machine.") (#$isa #$ChatterBotStateMachine-BooleanExpression2 #$CognitiveCycFORT) (#$isa #$ChatterBotStateMachine-BooleanExpression2 #$UMLBooleanExpression) (#$comment #$ChatterBotStateMachine-BooleanExpression3 "This is a #$UMLBooleanExpression that is the guard expression for transition4 of the chatterbot state machine.") (#$isa #$ChatterBotStateMachine-BooleanExpression3 #$CognitiveCycFORT) (#$isa #$ChatterBotStateMachine-BooleanExpression3 #$UMLBooleanExpression) (#$comment #$ChatterBotStateMachine-BooleanExpression4 "This is a #$UMLBooleanExpression that is the guard expression for transition3 of the chatterbot state machine.") (#$isa #$ChatterBotStateMachine-BooleanExpression4 #$CognitiveCycFORT) (#$isa #$ChatterBotStateMachine-BooleanExpression4 #$UMLBooleanExpression) (#$comment #$ChatterBotStateMachine-FinalState "This is the #$UMLFinalState of the #$ChatterBotStateMachine.") (#$isa #$ChatterBotStateMachine-FinalState #$CognitiveCycFORT) (#$isa #$ChatterBotStateMachine-FinalState #$UMLFinalState) (#$comment #$ChatterBotStateMachine-Guard1 "This is the guard expression for transition6 of the chatterbot state machine.") (#$isa #$ChatterBotStateMachine-Guard1 #$CognitiveCycFORT) (#$isa #$ChatterBotStateMachine-Guard1 #$UMLGuard) (#$comment #$ChatterBotStateMachine-Guard2 "This is the guard expression for transition2 of the chatterbot state machine.") (#$isa #$ChatterBotStateMachine-Guard2 #$CognitiveCycFORT) (#$isa #$ChatterBotStateMachine-Guard2 #$UMLGuard) (#$comment #$ChatterBotStateMachine-Guard3 "This is the guard expression for transition4 of the chatterbot state machine.") (#$isa #$ChatterBotStateMachine-Guard3 #$CognitiveCycFORT) (#$isa #$ChatterBotStateMachine-Guard3 #$UMLGuard) (#$comment #$ChatterBotStateMachine-Guard4 "This is the guard expression for transition3 of the chatterbot state machine.") (#$isa #$ChatterBotStateMachine-Guard4 #$CognitiveCycFORT) (#$isa #$ChatterBotStateMachine-Guard4 #$UMLGuard) (#$comment #$ChatterBotStateMachine-InitialState "This is the initial #$UMLPseudoState of the #$ChatterBotStateMachine.") (#$isa #$ChatterBotStateMachine-InitialState #$CognitiveCycFORT) (#$isa #$ChatterBotStateMachine-InitialState #$UMLPseudoState) (#$isa #$ChatterBotStateMachine-InitialState #$UMLPseudoState-Initial) (#$comment #$ChatterBotStateMachine-InputPin-CycLRequest "This instance of #$UMLInputPin is the input variable for the procedure which performs the CycL request.") (#$isa #$ChatterBotStateMachine-InputPin-CycLRequest #$CognitiveCycFORT) (#$isa #$ChatterBotStateMachine-InputPin-CycLRequest #$UMLInputPin) (#$comment #$ChatterBotStateMachine-InputPin-UserRequest "This instance of #$UMLInputPin is the input variable for the procedure which parses the user request.") (#$isa #$ChatterBotStateMachine-InputPin-UserRequest #$CognitiveCycFORT) (#$isa #$ChatterBotStateMachine-InputPin-UserRequest #$UMLInputPin) (#$comment #$ChatterBotStateMachine-InputProcedure "This is the chatterbot state user input procedure.") (#$isa #$ChatterBotStateMachine-InputProcedure #$CognitiveCycFORT) (#$isa #$ChatterBotStateMachine-InputProcedure #$UMLProcedure) (#$isa #$ChatterBotStateMachine-InputProcedure #$UMLProcedure-IsNotList) (#$comment #$ChatterBotStateMachineMt "A microtheory containing the components of a #$UMLStateMachine implementing a chatterbot (text based conversational agent).") (#$genlMt #$ChatterBotStateMachineMt #$BaseKB) (#$genlMt #$ChatterBotStateMachineMt #$UMLStateMachineSpindleHeadMt) (#$isa #$ChatterBotStateMachineMt #$CognitiveCycFORT) (#$isa #$ChatterBotStateMachineMt #$Microtheory) (#$comment #$ChatterBotStateMachineNamespace "The instance of #$UMLNamespace for use as the namespace of the #$CognitiveCyc chatterbot.") (#$isa #$ChatterBotStateMachineNamespace #$CognitiveCycFORT) (#$isa #$ChatterBotStateMachineNamespace #$UMLNamespace) (#$comment #$ChatterBotStateMachine-OutputPin-CycLRequest "This instance of #$UMLOutputPin is the output variable for the procedure which parses the user request.") (#$isa #$ChatterBotStateMachine-OutputPin-CycLRequest #$CognitiveCycFORT) (#$isa #$ChatterBotStateMachine-OutputPin-CycLRequest #$UMLOutputPin) (#$comment #$ChatterBotStateMachine-OutputPin-Error "This instance of #$UMLOutputPin is the output variable for the procedure which reports an error in the user's input.") (#$isa #$ChatterBotStateMachine-OutputPin-Error #$CognitiveCycFORT) (#$isa #$ChatterBotStateMachine-OutputPin-Error #$UMLOutputPin) (#$comment #$ChatterBotStateMachine-OutputPin-Response "This instance of #$UMLOutputPin is the output variable for the procedure which performs the user request.") (#$isa #$ChatterBotStateMachine-OutputPin-Response #$CognitiveCycFORT) (#$isa #$ChatterBotStateMachine-OutputPin-Response #$UMLOutputPin) (#$comment #$ChatterBotStateMachine-OutputPin-UserRequest "This instance of #$UMLOutputPin is the output variable for the procedure which reads the user request.") (#$isa #$ChatterBotStateMachine-OutputPin-UserRequest #$CognitiveCycFORT) (#$isa #$ChatterBotStateMachine-OutputPin-UserRequest #$UMLOutputPin) (#$comment #$ChatterBotStateMachine-ParseProcedure "This is the chatterbot state machine parse procedure.") (#$isa #$ChatterBotStateMachine-ParseProcedure #$CognitiveCycFORT) (#$isa #$ChatterBotStateMachine-ParseProcedure #$UMLProcedure) (#$isa #$ChatterBotStateMachine-ParseProcedure #$UMLProcedure-IsNotList) (#$comment #$ChatterBotStateMachine-PerformRequestProcedure "This is the chatterbot state machine procedure that performs the user request.") (#$isa #$ChatterBotStateMachine-PerformRequestProcedure #$CognitiveCycFORT) (#$isa #$ChatterBotStateMachine-PerformRequestProcedure #$UMLProcedure) (#$isa #$ChatterBotStateMachine-PerformRequestProcedure #$UMLProcedure-IsNotList) (#$comment #$ChatterBotStateMachine-ReadyProcedure "This is the chatterbot state machine ready procedure.") (#$isa #$ChatterBotStateMachine-ReadyProcedure #$CognitiveCycFORT) (#$isa #$ChatterBotStateMachine-ReadyProcedure #$UMLProcedure) (#$isa #$ChatterBotStateMachine-ReadyProcedure #$UMLProcedure-IsNotList) (#$comment #$ChatterBotStateMachine-ReportErrorProcedure "This is the chatterbot state machine procedure that reports an error resulting from parsing the user request.") (#$isa #$ChatterBotStateMachine-ReportErrorProcedure #$CognitiveCycFORT) (#$isa #$ChatterBotStateMachine-ReportErrorProcedure #$UMLProcedure) (#$isa #$ChatterBotStateMachine-ReportErrorProcedure #$UMLProcedure-IsNotList) (#$comment #$ChatterBotStateMachine-ReportResponseProcedure "This is the chatterbot state machine procedure that reports the good result or error message resulting from performing the user request.") (#$isa #$ChatterBotStateMachine-ReportResponseProcedure #$CognitiveCycFORT) (#$isa #$ChatterBotStateMachine-ReportResponseProcedure #$UMLProcedure) (#$isa #$ChatterBotStateMachine-ReportResponseProcedure #$UMLProcedure-IsNotList) (#$comment #$ChatterBotStateMachine-TopState "This is the top state of the #$ChatterBotStateMachine.") (#$isa #$ChatterBotStateMachine-TopState #$CognitiveCycFORT) (#$isa #$ChatterBotStateMachine-TopState #$UMLCompositeState) (#$isa #$ChatterBotStateMachine-TopState #$UMLCompositeState-IsNotConcurrent) (#$comment #$ChatterBotStateMachine-Transition1 "This is the tranistion from the initial state of the #$ChatterBotStateMachine.") (#$isa #$ChatterBotStateMachine-Transition1 #$CognitiveCycFORT) (#$isa #$ChatterBotStateMachine-Transition1 #$UMLTransition) (#$comment #$ChatterBotStateMachine-Transition2 "This is the tranistion from the state of awaiting user input into the state in which the user input has been parsed within the #$ChatterBotStateMachine.") (#$isa #$ChatterBotStateMachine-Transition2 #$CognitiveCycFORT) (#$isa #$ChatterBotStateMachine-Transition2 #$UMLTransition) (#$comment #$ChatterBotStateMachine-Transition3 "This is the tranistion from the state in which the user input has been parsed into the state in which the user request has been performed, within the #$ChatterBotStateMachine.") (#$isa #$ChatterBotStateMachine-Transition3 #$CognitiveCycFORT) (#$isa #$ChatterBotStateMachine-Transition3 #$UMLTransition) (#$comment #$ChatterBotStateMachine-Transition4 "This is the error tranistion from the state in which the user input has been parsed into the state of awaiting the next user input, within the #$ChatterBotStateMachine.") (#$isa #$ChatterBotStateMachine-Transition4 #$CognitiveCycFORT) (#$isa #$ChatterBotStateMachine-Transition4 #$UMLTransition) (#$comment #$ChatterBotStateMachine-Transition5 "This is the tranistion from the state in which the user request has been performed into the state of awaiting the next user input, within the #$ChatterBotStateMachine.") (#$isa #$ChatterBotStateMachine-Transition5 #$CognitiveCycFORT) (#$isa #$ChatterBotStateMachine-Transition5 #$UMLTransition) (#$comment #$ChatterBotStateMachine-Transition6 "This is the tranistion from the state in which the user input has been parsed into the final state, within the #$ChatterBotStateMachine.") (#$isa #$ChatterBotStateMachine-Transition6 #$CognitiveCycFORT) (#$isa #$ChatterBotStateMachine-Transition6 #$UMLTransition) (#$comment #$ChatterBotStateMachine-UserInputParsedState "This is a #$UMLSimpleState of the #$ChatterBotStateMachine in which the state machine has parsed the user input and has the good parse or parse error at hand.") (#$isa #$ChatterBotStateMachine-UserInputParsedState #$CognitiveCycFORT) (#$isa #$ChatterBotStateMachine-UserInputParsedState #$UMLSimpleState) (#$comment #$ChatterBotStateMachine-UserRequestPerformedState "This is a #$UMLSimpleState of the #$ChatterBotStateMachine in which the state machine has completed the user request and has the response or error message at hand.") (#$isa #$ChatterBotStateMachine-UserRequestPerformedState #$CognitiveCycFORT) (#$isa #$ChatterBotStateMachine-UserRequestPerformedState #$UMLSimpleState) (#$comment #$CHeaderFile "A specialization of #$ComputerProgramModule-CW. Each member of this collection is a header file that can be included in a C program with an #include directive.") (#$genls #$CHeaderFile #$ApplicationProgram) (#$isa #$CHeaderFile #$ObjectType) (#$comment #$Check-TenderObject "A specialization of #$TenderObject. Each instance of #$Check-TenderObject is a financial instrument, drawn on a particular #$CheckingAccount at some instance of #$FinancialOrganization (q.v.), which is redeemable for a monetary value by the agent who is the payee. The financial organization pays the payee funds from the account, upon proper presentation of the check. See also #$SaleByCheck.") (#$disjointWith #$Check-TenderObject #$CreditCard) (#$genls #$Check-TenderObject #$FinancialAccountTenderObject) (#$genls #$Check-TenderObject #$Form-StandardizedIBO) (#$genls #$Check-TenderObject #$IDDocument) (#$genls #$Check-TenderObject #$Individual) (#$genls #$Check-TenderObject #$Paper-IBO) (#$genls #$Check-TenderObject #$Paper-IBO) (#$genls #$Check-TenderObject #$TenderObject) (#$isa #$Check-TenderObject #$ExistingObjectType) (#$isa #$Check-TenderObject #$MoneyTenderType) (#$isa #$Check-TenderObject #$MoneyTenderType) (#$isa #$Check-TenderObject #$TextualMaterialTypeByFunction) (#$comment #$Cheerfulness "The emotion characterized by having a spontaneous flow of good spirits as a result of feeling glad or happy or as a result of an equable disposition or of temperament") (#$genls #$Cheerfulness #$Happiness) (#$isa #$Cheerfulness #$AtemporalNecessarilyEssentialCollectionType) (#$isa #$Cheerfulness #$FeelingType) (#$comment #$ChemicalInteraction "This is the class of chemical interactions, events in which molecules of two or more types come into proximity and react in ways determined by their structure. Note that this collection is more general that #$ChemicalReaction since these interactions may not amount to #$PhysicalTransformationEvents.") (#$genls #$ChemicalInteraction #$Individual) (#$genls #$ChemicalInteraction #$MovementEvent) (#$isa #$ChemicalInteraction #$TemporalObjectType) (#$comment #$ChemicalObject "A specialization of #$MicroscopicScaleObject. Each instance of #$ChemicalObject is an object whose behavior is typically described in terms of its outer cloud of #$Electrons. Specializations of #$ChemicalObject include the collections #$Atom, #$Molecule, and #$Ion.") (#$disjointWith #$ChemicalObject #$Solution) (#$disjointWith #$ChemicalObject #$SubAtomicParticle) (#$genls #$ChemicalObject #$InanimateThing) (#$genls #$ChemicalObject #$Individual) (#$genls #$ChemicalObject #$MicroscopicScaleObject) (#$genls #$ChemicalObject (#$CollectionUnionFn (#$TheSet #$Electron #$ChemicalObject))) (#$isa #$ChemicalObject #$ExistingObjectType) (#$arg1Isa #$chemicalProducts #$ChemicalReaction) (#$arg1Isa #$chemicalProducts #$ChemicalReaction) (#$arg2Isa #$chemicalProducts #$ChemicalObject) (#$arg2Isa #$chemicalProducts #$ChemicalObject) (#$argIsa #$chemicalProducts 2 #$ChemicalObject) (#$argIsa #$chemicalProducts 2 #$ChemicalObject) (#$argIsa #$chemicalProducts 2 #$ChemicalObject) (#$argIsa #$chemicalProducts 1 #$ChemicalReaction) (#$argIsa #$chemicalProducts 1 #$ChemicalReaction) (#$argIsa #$chemicalProducts 1 #$ChemicalReaction) (#$arity #$chemicalProducts 2) (#$comment #$chemicalProducts "An instance of #$ActorSlot. (#$chemicalProducts REACTION PRODUCT) means that PRODUCT, an instance of #$ChemicalObject, is produced as a result of REACTION, an instance of #$ChemicalReaction. The products are those chemicals (instances of #$Molecule or #$Ion) that are formed by a reaction. See the type level #$chemicalProducts-TypeType and #$chemicalReactants.") (#$genlPreds #$chemicalProducts #$outputsCreated) (#$isa #$chemicalProducts #$ActorSlot) (#$isa #$chemicalProducts #$BinaryPredicate) (#$relationAllExists #$chemicalProducts #$ChemicalReaction #$TemporalThing) (#$arg1Isa #$chemicalReactants #$ChemicalReaction) (#$arg1Isa #$chemicalReactants #$ChemicalReaction) (#$arg2Isa #$chemicalReactants #$ChemicalObject) (#$arg2Isa #$chemicalReactants #$ChemicalObject) (#$argIsa #$chemicalReactants 2 #$ChemicalObject) (#$argIsa #$chemicalReactants 2 #$ChemicalObject) (#$argIsa #$chemicalReactants 2 #$ChemicalObject) (#$argIsa #$chemicalReactants 1 #$ChemicalReaction) (#$argIsa #$chemicalReactants 1 #$ChemicalReaction) (#$argIsa #$chemicalReactants 1 #$ChemicalReaction) (#$arity #$chemicalReactants 2) (#$comment #$chemicalReactants "An instance of #$ActorSlot. (#$chemicalReactants REACTION REACTANT) means that during REACTION, an instance of #$ChemicalReaction, REACTANT, an instance of #$ChemicalObject, plays a reactant role. The reactants are those chemicals that react with other reactants to form the products of the reaction, and thus are destroyed in the process. See the type level #$chemicalReactants-TypeType and also #$chemicalProducts.") (#$genlPreds #$chemicalReactants #$inputsDestroyed) (#$isa #$chemicalReactants #$ActorSlot) (#$isa #$chemicalReactants #$BinaryPredicate) (#$relationAllExists #$chemicalReactants #$ChemicalReaction #$TemporalThing) (#$comment #$ChemicalReaction "A collection of events; a subcollection of #$PhysicalTransformationEvent. Each instance of #$ChemicalReaction is an event in which two or more substances undergo a chemical change, i.e., some portions of the substances involved are transformed into different #$ChemicalCompoundTypes. The transformations are brought about by purely chemical (including biochemical) means which affect chemical bonds between atoms in the molecules of stuff, rather than by physical means, biological means, or purposeful planning, etc. Examples of #$ChemicalReaction : instances of #$CombustionProcess; instances of #$Photosynthesis-Generic.") (#$genls #$ChemicalReaction #$ChemicalInteraction) (#$genls #$ChemicalReaction #$Individual) (#$genls #$ChemicalReaction #$PhysicalTransformationEvent) (#$isa #$ChemicalReaction #$DefaultDisjointScriptType) (#$isa #$ChemicalReaction #$TemporalObjectType) (#$siblingDisjointExceptions #$ChemicalReaction #$BiologicalEvent) (#$siblingDisjointExceptions #$ChemicalReaction #$ConnectingTogether) (#$siblingDisjointExceptions #$ChemicalReaction #$DecompositionEvent) (#$siblingDisjointExceptions #$ChemicalReaction #$DecompositionProcess) (#$siblingDisjointExceptions #$ChemicalReaction #$EnergyTransferEvent) (#$siblingDisjointExceptions #$ChemicalReaction #$HeatProductionProcess) (#$siblingDisjointExceptions #$ChemicalReaction #$PhysicalSynthesis) (#$siblingDisjointExceptions #$ChemicalReaction #$PhysiologicalFunction) (#$siblingDisjointExceptions #$ChemicalReaction #$PhysiologicalProcess) (#$siblingDisjointExceptions #$ChemicalReaction #$PreparingFoodOrDrink) (#$siblingDisjointExceptions #$ChemicalReaction #$Separation-Complete) (#$siblingDisjointExceptions #$ChemicalReaction #$TranslationAlongInternalLivingStructure) (#$comment #$ChemicalSubstanceType "A collection of collections and a specialization of #$TangibleStuffCompositionType. Each instance of #$ChemicalSubstanceType is a specialization of #$PartiallyTangible whose instances are defined _only_ by their chemical composition -- not by their physical state or any other property. Instances of #$ChemicalSubstanceType can be of two varieties: (1) Collections whose instances are completely uniform with each other in terms of chemical composition; this includes (a) the chemical elements -- such as #$Carbon, #$Oxygen, and #$Hydrogen -- which are instances of #$ElementStuffTypeByNumberOfProtons (thus, the latter is a specialization of #$ChemicalSubstanceType), and (b) chemical compounds constituted of more than one substance chemically bonded, e.g., #$Water, #$Caffeine, and #$IronOxide, which are instances of #$ChemicalCompoundTypeByChemicalSpecies (2) Substances which have a general chemical specification, that is, whose instances do not have exactly the same chemical composition but fall within certain specifications, e.g., #$DNAStuff. Note that collections that are _not_ instances of #$ChemicalSubstanceType include collections of substances which have some component which is of overriding significance in some context, so that in everyday language such substances are frequently referred to by the name of their important component (e.g., \"penicillin\" applied to a tablet containing penicillin), but which have significant admixtures of other substances. Thus, #$Penicillin is an instance of #$ChemicalSubstanceType, but the collection of tablets containing penicillin and including other ingredients is not. Also, specializations of #$Mixture, such as #$Lemonade, are _not_ instances of #$ChemicalSubstanceType, because mixtures are determined by their physical state rather than solely by their chemical composition.") (#$genls #$ChemicalSubstanceType #$TangibleStuffCompositionType) (#$isa #$ChemicalSubstanceType #$AtemporalNecessarilyEssentialCollectionType) (#$isa #$ChemicalSubstanceType #$CollectionType) (#$isa #$ChemicalSubstanceType #$CollectionType) (#$isa #$ChemicalSubstanceType #$SecondOrderCollection) (#$isa #$ChemicalSubstanceType #$SiblingDisjointCollectionType) (#$keStrongSuggestionPreds #$ChemicalSubstanceType #$physicalPartTypes) (#$comment #$ChemistryMt "This microtheory contains information about chemistry.") (#$genlMt #$ChemistryMt #$BaseKB) (#$genlMt #$ChemistryMt #$ChemistryVocabularyMt) (#$genlMt #$ChemistryMt #$NaivePhysicsMt) (#$isa #$ChemistryMt #$GeneralMicrotheory) (#$isa #$ChemistryMt #$TheoryMicrotheory) (#$comment #$ChemistryVocabularyMt "The #$VocabularyMicrotheory for #$ChemistryMt.") (#$genlMt #$ChemistryVocabularyMt #$BaseKB) (#$genlMt #$ChemistryVocabularyMt #$NaivePhysicsVocabularyMt) (#$isa #$ChemistryVocabularyMt #$VocabularyMicrotheory) (#$comment #$Chest-BodyPart "The collection of the chests of #$Animals. The animal's chest is its #$AnimalBodyPart region located between its neck and its abdomen. For people and many other types of animals, the chest is bounded by (defined by, given shape by) the animal's ribcage.") (#$disjointWith #$Chest-BodyPart #$Skin) (#$genls #$Chest-BodyPart #$AnimalBodyPart) (#$genls #$Chest-BodyPart #$Individual) (#$isa #$Chest-BodyPart #$AnimalBodyPartType) (#$isa #$Chest-BodyPart #$UniqueAnatomicalPartType) (#$isa #$Chest-BodyPart #$UniqueAnatomicalPartType) (#$arg1Isa #$chiefPorts #$GeographicalRegion) (#$arg1Isa #$chiefPorts #$GeographicalRegion) (#$arg2Format #$chiefPorts #$SetTheFormat) (#$arg2Isa #$chiefPorts #$City) (#$arg2Isa #$chiefPorts #$City) (#$argFormat #$chiefPorts 2 #$SetTheFormat) (#$argIsa #$chiefPorts 2 #$City) (#$argIsa #$chiefPorts 2 #$City) (#$argIsa #$chiefPorts 2 #$City) (#$argIsa #$chiefPorts 1 #$GeographicalRegion) (#$argIsa #$chiefPorts 1 #$GeographicalRegion) (#$argIsa #$chiefPorts 1 #$GeographicalRegion) (#$arity #$chiefPorts 2) (#$comment #$chiefPorts "The predicate #$chiefPorts relates an instance of #$GeographicalRegion to an instance of #$City. (#$chiefPorts REGION CITY) means that the #$City CITY is one of the chief port cities in the #$GeographicalRegion REGION.") (#$genlPreds #$chiefPorts #$geographicalSubRegions) (#$isa #$chiefPorts #$InterExistingObjectPredicate) (#$isa #$chiefPorts #$IrreflexiveBinaryPredicate) (#$isa #$chiefPorts #$PartPredicate) (#$isa #$chiefPorts #$SpatialPredicate) (#$negationPreds #$chiefPorts #$inRegion) (#$arg1Isa #$children #$Animal) (#$arg1Isa #$children #$Animal) (#$arg2Format #$children #$SetTheFormat) (#$arg2Isa #$children #$Animal) (#$arg2Isa #$children #$Animal) (#$argFormat #$children 2 #$SetTheFormat) (#$argIsa #$children 1 #$Animal) (#$argIsa #$children 1 #$Animal) (#$argIsa #$children 1 #$Animal) (#$argIsa #$children 2 #$Animal) (#$argIsa #$children 2 #$Animal) (#$argIsa #$children 2 #$Animal) (#$arity #$children 2) (#$comment #$children "A binary predicate which relates instances of Animal to instances of Animal. (#$children PARENT CHILD) means that CHILD is the biological offspring of PARENT.") (#$comment #$children "A #$FamilyRelationSlot and specialization of #$coreRelatives that relates a given person or other animal to each of his or her children. (#$children PARENT CHILD) means that PARENT fulfills the role of parent with respect to CHILD. Note that, in the case of humans, PARENT's being one of CHILD's biological parents (see #$biologicalParents) is neither necessary nor sufficient for this. Thus, CHILD might be an adopted child (see #$adoptedChildren), stepchild, or foster child of PARENT's. Conversely, a biological parent who has given a child up for adoption would _not_ normally be related to that child by the predicate #$children. In the case of nonhuman animals (see #$NonPersonAnimal), however, #$children holds between two given creatures if and only if #$biologicalParents does.") (#$genlPreds #$children #$acquaintedWith) (#$genlPreds #$children #$coreRelatives) (#$genlPreds #$children #$relatives) (#$isa #$children #$AsymmetricBinaryPredicate) (#$isa #$children #$BinaryPredicate) (#$isa #$children #$FamilyRelationSlot) (#$isa #$children #$InterExistingObjectPredicate) (#$isa #$children #$InterExistingObjectPredicate) (#$negationInverse #$children #$children) (#$negationInverse #$children #$children) (#$relationExistsAll #$children #$Animal #$Animal) (#$relationExistsInstance #$children #$Animal (#$GenericInstanceFn #$Dog)) (#$comment #$China-PeoplesRepublic "China, governed as the Peoples' Republic of China (PRC), is a country which claims to be the government of all of China. #$Taiwan-RepublicOfChina (ROC) also makes this claim. #$China-PeoplesRepublic #$controls all of China except Taiwan Province on the #$Island of Formosa [#$Formosa-Island] (or 'Taiwan') and #$QuemoyIsland and #$MatsuIsland of Fujian Province a few kilometers off the coast. These territories are controlled by #$Taiwan-RepublicOfChina. #$Tibet is an #$AutonomousRegion which is a #$geopoliticalSubdivision of the PRC against its will. China borders on the #$EastChinaSea and the #$SouthChinaSea. De facto, #$Taiwan-RepublicOfChina and #$China-PeoplesRepublic are two separate independent countries each with their own territory, while de jure there is a single #$IndependentCountry of China, but two governments with separate regions of control.") (#$isa #$China-PeoplesRepublic #$Entity) (#$isa #$China-PeoplesRepublic #$IndependentCountry) (#$isa #$China-PeoplesRepublic #$Individual) (#$comment #$ChinesePerson "The collection of people who are #$citizens of #$China-PeoplesRepublic.") (#$genls #$ChinesePerson #$Individual) (#$genls #$ChinesePerson #$Person) (#$isa #$ChinesePerson #$Nationality) (#$isa #$ChinesePerson #$Nationality) (#$isa #$ChinesePerson #$PersonTypeByCulture) (#$arg1Isa #$choices #$SelectingSomething) (#$arg2Isa #$choices #$Thing) (#$argIsa #$choices 1 #$SelectingSomething) (#$argIsa #$choices 1 #$SelectingSomething) (#$argIsa #$choices 2 #$Thing) (#$argIsa #$choices 2 #$Thing) (#$arity #$choices 2) (#$comment #$choices "This predicate relates an act of making a selection (see #$SelectingSomething) to each of the items that could be (or could have been) selected in that act. (#$choices CHOOSING OPTION) means that in the event CHOOSING, OPTION is (was) one of the items that the chooser might choose (might have chosen). Depending upon the type of CHOOSING, OPTION might be a person (e.g. a job applicant or political candidate), a product (e.g. a computer, automobile, or lipstick), a plan or course of action, a policy or belief, or something else. Also depending upon the type of CHOOSING, one or more of the possible choices might ultimately be selected.") (#$isa #$choices #$BinaryPredicate) (#$isa #$choices #$BinaryRolePredicate) (#$relationAllExists #$choices #$SelectingSomething #$Thing) (#$comment #$ChordataPhylum "An instance of #$BiologicalPhylum within the #$BiologicalKingdom #$Animal, the #$ChordataPhylum contains the many chordate taxa. All chordate taxa have members who have a notochord (a flexible rod running the length of the body) at some stage of development and pharyngeal gills at some stage of development. The #$ChordataPhylum has as #$taxonMembers all the specializations of #$Vertebrate (including #$Person), as well as some non-vertebrate chordates like Amphioxus.") (#$genls #$ChordataPhylum #$Animal) (#$genls #$ChordataPhylum #$Individual) (#$genls #$ChordataPhylum #$SolidTangibleThing) (#$isa #$ChordataPhylum #$BiologicalPhylum) (#$isa #$ChordataPhylum #$ExistingObjectType) (#$comment #$ChronicCondition "A collection of ailments. An instance of #$ChronicCondition is an ailment that lingers or recurs in an organism throughout its life. In some cases, the symptoms of a chronic condition may abate with treatment. The condition may never go away completely. #$Asthma is an example of a subcollection of #$ChronicCondition.") (#$genls #$ChronicCondition #$Individual) (#$genls #$ChronicCondition #$PhysiologicalCondition) (#$isa #$ChronicCondition #$PhysiologicalConditionType) (#$comment #$Circle "A specialization of #$PlaneFigure-Geometrical. Each instance of #$Circle is a region of space bounded by a closed curve, with each point on the curve equidistant from a single point (the center). Examples include spatially localized objects, such as the region bounded by the Arctic Circle, as well as abstract circles.") (#$disjointWith #$Circle #$Semicircle) (#$genls #$Circle #$Ellipse) (#$genls #$Circle #$Individual) (#$genls #$Circle #$RoundThing) (#$isa #$Circle #$GenericShapeType) (#$isa #$Circle #$TwoDimensionalShapeType) (#$arg1Isa #$CircleFn #$Distance-Absolute) (#$argIsa #$CircleFn 1 #$Distance-Absolute) (#$argIsa #$CircleFn 1 #$Distance-Absolute) (#$arity #$CircleFn 1) (#$comment #$CircleFn "An instance of #$ShapeFunction. When applied to an instance of #$Distance-Absolute, #$CircleFn returns an instance of (#$AbstractShapeTypeFn #$Circle). (#$CircleFn D) denotes an abstract circle with diameter D.") (#$isa #$CircleFn #$IndividualDenotingFunction) (#$isa #$CircleFn #$ShapeFunction) (#$isa #$CircleFn #$UnaryFunction) (#$isa #$CircleFn #$UnreifiableFunction) (#$isa #$CircleFn #$UnreifiableFunction) (#$resultIsa #$CircleFn #$Individual) (#$resultIsa #$CircleFn (#$AbstractShapeTypeFn #$Circle)) (#$comment #$CirculatorySystem "A specialization of both #$AnimalBodyPart and #$ConnectedPathSystem. Each instance of #$CirculatorySystem is a system of organs and body parts, found in #$Vertebrates and some other animals, which function together to circulate the animal's blood throughout its body, supplying needed substances to its cells and removing waste products from them. An instance of #$CirculatorySystem is typically composed of blood vessels, heart, spleen, etc., considered as an interrelated functional system of each animal.") (#$genls #$CirculatorySystem #$AnimalBodyPart) (#$genls #$CirculatorySystem #$Individual) (#$genls #$CirculatorySystem #$InternalAnatomicalPart) (#$genls #$CirculatorySystem #$PipingSystem-Generic) (#$isa #$CirculatorySystem #$AnimalBodyPartType) (#$isa #$CirculatorySystem #$UniqueAnatomicalPartType) (#$isa #$CirculatorySystem #$UniqueAnatomicalPartType) (#$arg1Format #$circumferenceOfObject #$SetTheFormat) (#$arg1Isa #$circumferenceOfObject #$SpatialThing) (#$arg2Format #$circumferenceOfObject #$IntervalEntry) (#$arg2Isa #$circumferenceOfObject #$Distance) (#$argFormat #$circumferenceOfObject 2 #$IntervalEntry) (#$argFormat #$circumferenceOfObject 1 #$SetTheFormat) (#$argIsa #$circumferenceOfObject 2 #$Distance) (#$argIsa #$circumferenceOfObject 2 #$Distance) (#$argIsa #$circumferenceOfObject 1 #$SpatialThing) (#$argIsa #$circumferenceOfObject 1 #$SpatialThing) (#$arity #$circumferenceOfObject 2) (#$comment #$circumferenceOfObject "The distance around a circular object") (#$functionalInArgs #$circumferenceOfObject 2) (#$genlPreds #$circumferenceOfObject #$sizeParameterOfObject) (#$isa #$circumferenceOfObject #$BinaryPredicate) (#$isa #$circumferenceOfObject #$FunctionalPredicate) (#$isa #$circumferenceOfObject #$IntervalBasedQuantitySlot) (#$isa #$circumferenceOfObject #$PhysicalAttributeDescriptionSlot) (#$arg1Isa #$citizens #$GeopoliticalEntity) (#$arg1Isa #$citizens #$GeopoliticalEntity) (#$arg2Format #$citizens #$SetTheFormat) (#$arg2Isa #$citizens #$Person) (#$arg2Isa #$citizens #$Person) (#$argFormat #$citizens 2 #$SetTheFormat) (#$argIsa #$citizens 1 #$GeopoliticalEntity) (#$argIsa #$citizens 1 #$GeopoliticalEntity) (#$argIsa #$citizens 1 #$GeopoliticalEntity) (#$argIsa #$citizens 2 #$Person) (#$argIsa #$citizens 2 #$Person) (#$argIsa #$citizens 2 #$Person) (#$arity #$citizens 2) (#$comment #$citizens "The predicate relates a #$Person to a #$GeopoliticalEntity. (#$citizens GEOPOL PERSON) means that PERSON is a citizen of GEOPOL.") (#$genlPreds #$citizens #$affiliatedWith) (#$isa #$citizens #$BinaryPredicate) (#$isa #$citizens #$CollectionPredicate) (#$isa #$citizens #$CotemporalObjectsSlot) (#$relationAllExists #$citizens #$Country #$Person) (#$relationExistsAll #$citizens #$Country #$Person) (#$relationInstanceAll #$citizens #$China-PeoplesRepublic #$ChinesePerson) (#$relationInstanceAll #$citizens #$Japan #$JapanesePerson) (#$relationInstanceAll #$citizens #$UnitedStatesOfAmerica #$UnitedStatesPerson) (#$minimizeExtent #$citizens) (#$comment #$City "#$City is a specialization of #$GeopoliticalEntity and #$UrbanArea. Each instance of #$City is a local human settlement which has its own government. This includes cities, towns, suburbs, villages, hamlets, and townships, as long as they have their own governments. A city government is usually mostly autonomous from the governments of its surrounding regions, rather than being a sub-organization of them.") (#$genls #$City #$GeopoliticalEntity) (#$genls #$City #$UrbanArea) (#$isa #$City #$GeographicalEntityByHierarchy) (#$isa #$City #$SpatiallyDisjointRegionType) (#$isa #$City #$TemporalStuffType) (#$arg1Format #$cityInState #$openEntryFormatInArgs) (#$arg1Isa #$cityInState #$City) (#$arg1Isa #$cityInState #$City) (#$arg2Format #$cityInState #$singleEntryFormatInArgs) (#$arg2Isa #$cityInState #$CountrySubsidiary) (#$arg2Isa #$cityInState #$CountrySubsidiary) (#$argFormat #$cityInState 1 #$openEntryFormatInArgs) (#$argFormat #$cityInState 2 #$singleEntryFormatInArgs) (#$argIsa #$cityInState 1 #$City) (#$argIsa #$cityInState 1 #$City) (#$argIsa #$cityInState 1 #$City) (#$argIsa #$cityInState 2 #$CountrySubsidiary) (#$argIsa #$cityInState 2 #$CountrySubsidiary) (#$argIsa #$cityInState 2 #$CountrySubsidiary) (#$arity #$cityInState 2) (#$comment #$cityInState "(#$cityInState CITY STATE) means that the #$City CITY is located in the geopolitical sub-region STATE. Note that STATE may be an instance of #$State-Geopolitical, or it may be an instance of some other specialization of #$CountrySubsidiary, such as #$Territory. For example, the #$CityOfDurhamNC is a #$cityInState of #$NorthCarolina-State; Xiamen (Amoy) is a #$cityInState of Fujian. See also #$majorCityInState.") (#$genlInverse #$cityInState #$geopoliticalSubdivision) (#$interArgIsa2-1 #$cityInState #$State-UnitedStates #$USCity) (#$isa #$cityInState #$NonPhysicalPartPredicate) (#$isa #$cityInState #$StrictlyFunctionalSlot) (#$typedGenlInverse #$cityInState #$geopoliticalSubdivision) (#$arg1Isa #$cityOfAddress #$ContactLocation) (#$arg1Isa #$cityOfAddress #$ContactLocation) (#$arg2Format #$cityOfAddress #$SingleEntry) (#$arg2Isa #$cityOfAddress #$City) (#$arg2Isa #$cityOfAddress #$City) (#$argFormat #$cityOfAddress 2 #$SingleEntry) (#$argIsa #$cityOfAddress 2 #$City) (#$argIsa #$cityOfAddress 2 #$City) (#$argIsa #$cityOfAddress 2 #$City) (#$argIsa #$cityOfAddress 1 #$ContactLocation) (#$argIsa #$cityOfAddress 1 #$ContactLocation) (#$argIsa #$cityOfAddress 1 #$ContactLocation) (#$arity #$cityOfAddress 2) (#$comment #$cityOfAddress "(#$cityOfAddress LOC CITY) means that the #$ContactLocation LOC is found in the #$City CITY. For example, as #$CycorpHeadquarters is a #$ContactLocation for #$Cycorp, then (#$cityOfAddress #$CycorpHeadquarters #$CityOfAustinTX) means that the Cycorp Headquarters building is located in Austin, Texas. Note that the arg-constraint on the first argument should be an instance of #$ContactLocation which serves as a #$pointsOfContact for an agent and not the agent itself.") (#$functionalInArgs #$cityOfAddress 2) (#$genlPreds #$cityOfAddress #$notFarFrom) (#$genlPreds #$cityOfAddress #$objectFoundInLocation) (#$genlPreds #$cityOfAddress #$onSamePlanetSurfaceAs) (#$isa #$cityOfAddress #$StrictlyFunctionalSlot) (#$strictlyFunctionalInArgs #$cityOfAddress 2) (#$comment #$CityOfWashingtonDC "The capital city (#$CapitalCityOfRegion) of the #$UnitedStatesOfAmerica, seat of its Federal government, which is located in the #$DistrictOfColumbia, a specially created Federal district between the States of Maryland and Virginia. Currently, the #$CityOfWashingtonDC and the #$DistrictOfColumbia are coextensive.") (#$isa #$CityOfWashingtonDC #$CapitalCityOfRegion) (#$isa #$CityOfWashingtonDC #$City) (#$isa #$CityOfWashingtonDC #$CountrySubsidiary) (#$isa #$CityOfWashingtonDC #$Entity) (#$isa #$CityOfWashingtonDC #$Individual) (#$isa #$CityOfWashingtonDC #$USCity) (#$comment #$ClassificationSystem "A specialization of #$AbstractInformationalThing. Each instance of #$ClassificationSystem is an agreed-upon or conventional classification system consisting of several #$ConventionalClassificationTypes (q.v.). In such a system, a change or reclassification is possible by a decision of an authority, or by a changed social agreement, without changing the intrinsic natures of the actual objects in the classificatory categories. #$ClassificationSystems include biological taxonomies, standard classifications, data dictionaries, thesauri, cultural taboo systems, military doctrinal systems, and calendar systems.") (#$genls #$ClassificationSystem #$AbstractInformationalThing) (#$genls #$ClassificationSystem #$Artifact-Intangible) (#$genls #$ClassificationSystem #$Individual) (#$isa #$ClassificationSystem #$ObjectType) (#$comment #$Cleaning "A collection of events. In each #$Cleaning event, dirt (or other unwanted substances) is removed from the #$objectOfStateChange of that event. If a #$Cleaning event is successful, then the #$Dirtiness level of the object will have been lowered.") (#$genls #$Cleaning #$Event) (#$genls #$Cleaning #$Individual) (#$genls #$Cleaning #$RemovingSomething) (#$genls #$Cleaning #$TakingCareOfSomething) (#$isa #$Cleaning #$DefaultDisjointScriptType) (#$isa #$Cleaning #$TemporalStuffType) (#$siblingDisjointExceptions #$Cleaning #$BodyMovementEvent) (#$siblingDisjointExceptions #$Cleaning #$PhysicalContactEvent) (#$siblingDisjointExceptions #$Cleaning #$PhysicalCreationEvent) (#$siblingDisjointExceptions #$Cleaning #$PhysicalDestructionEvent) (#$siblingDisjointExceptions #$Cleaning #$Sliding-Generic) (#$siblingDisjointExceptions #$Cleaning #$VoluntaryBodyMovement) (#$comment #$CleaningDevice "#$CleaningDevice is a specialization of #$PhysicalDevice and #$SolidTangibleProduct. Each instance of #$CleaningDevice is a device, manually powered or otherwise, whose #$primaryFunction is to be used in cleaning things. Specializations of #$CleaningDevice include #$Mop, #$Dishwasher, #$ShoeBrush, and #$ClothesWasher.") (#$disjointWith #$CleaningDevice #$ComputationalSystem) (#$disjointWith #$CleaningDevice #$ComputerInterfaceDevice) (#$disjointWith #$CleaningDevice #$FoodUtensil) (#$disjointWith #$CleaningDevice #$LandTransportationDevice) (#$disjointWith #$CleaningDevice #$MeasuringDevice) (#$disjointWith #$CleaningDevice #$SomethingToWear) (#$disjointWith #$CleaningDevice #$TransportationDevice-Vehicle) (#$disjointWith #$CleaningDevice #$WaterTransportationDevice) (#$disjointWith #$CleaningDevice #$Weapon) (#$disjointWith #$CleaningDevice #$WritingImplement) (#$genls #$CleaningDevice #$Individual) (#$genls #$CleaningDevice #$PhysicalDevice) (#$isa #$CleaningDevice #$ExistingObjectType) (#$comment #$CleaningImplement "A specialization of both #$HandTool and #$CleaningDevice. Each instance of #$CleaningImplement is a hand-held tool used for cleaning something. Notable specializations of #$CleaningImplement include #$Mop, #$DentalPick, #$WashCloth, #$FacialTissue, and #$ShoeBrush.") (#$genls #$CleaningImplement #$CleaningDevice) (#$genls #$CleaningImplement #$HandTool) (#$genls #$CleaningImplement #$Individual) (#$isa #$CleaningImplement #$ExistingObjectType) (#$comment #$ClientProgram "A specialization of #$LocalProgram and an instance of #$ComputerProgramTypeByFunction. Copies of #$ClientProgram are run by computers on a network with connections to computers running copies of #$ServerProgram. Copies of #$ClientProgram request information or processing services from the copies of #$ServerProgram, which the server then provides to the client. See, for instance, #$DatabaseClientProgram. For relating client to their server programs, see the predicate #$client-Software.") (#$genls #$ClientProgram #$Individual) (#$genls #$ClientProgram #$LocalProgram) (#$isa #$ClientProgram #$ObjectType) (#$isa #$ClientProgram #$TemporalStuffType) (#$arg1Isa #$clients #$Agent) (#$arg1Isa #$clients #$Agent) (#$arg2Format #$clients #$SetTheFormat) (#$arg2Isa #$clients #$Agent) (#$arg2Isa #$clients #$Agent) (#$argFormat #$clients 2 #$SetTheFormat) (#$argIsa #$clients 1 #$Agent) (#$argIsa #$clients 1 #$Agent) (#$argIsa #$clients 1 #$Agent) (#$argIsa #$clients 2 #$Agent) (#$argIsa #$clients 2 #$Agent) (#$argIsa #$clients 2 #$Agent) (#$arity #$clients 2) (#$comment #$clients "This predicate relates two agents. (#$clients AGENT1 AGENT2) means that AGENT1 provides goods and/or services to AGENT2. AGENT2 may or may not pay AGENT1 for the goods/services received. The predicate #$clients can indicate either a one-time or a more long-term relationship. See also #$suppliers and #$customers.") (#$genlPreds #$clients #$positiveVestedInterest) (#$isa #$clients #$BinaryPredicate) (#$isa #$clients #$IrreflexiveBinaryPredicate) (#$comment #$ClimateCycleType "A collection of collections. Each instance of #$ClimateCycleType is a specialization of #$AnnualClimateCycle (q.v.), and thus is a collection of extended weather events of a certain type. Instances of #$ClimateCycleType include #$TemperateClimateCycle and #$SteppeClimateCycle.") (#$disjointWith #$ClimateCycleType #$BeliefSystemType) (#$disjointWith #$ClimateCycleType #$ControllableAutonomousActionType) (#$disjointWith #$ClimateCycleType #$ConventionallyClassifiedDisjointTimeIntervalType) (#$disjointWith #$ClimateCycleType #$HumanCapabilityType) (#$disjointWith #$ClimateCycleType #$LanguageGroupingType) (#$disjointWith #$ClimateCycleType #$MicrotheoryType) (#$disjointWith #$ClimateCycleType #$OrganizationByEntityType) (#$disjointWith #$ClimateCycleType #$OrganizationTypeByActivityType) (#$disjointWith #$ClimateCycleType #$OrganizationTypeByCustomers) (#$disjointWith #$ClimateCycleType #$OrganizationTypeByGeographicReach) (#$disjointWith #$ClimateCycleType #$OrganizationTypeByIndustry) (#$disjointWith #$ClimateCycleType #$OrganizationTypeByStructuralCharacteristic) (#$disjointWith #$ClimateCycleType #$ProductType) (#$disjointWith #$ClimateCycleType #$TransportationEventByVehicleType) (#$disjointWith #$ClimateCycleType #$WeeklyTemporalObjectType) (#$genls #$ClimateCycleType #$TemporalObjectType) (#$isa #$ClimateCycleType #$CollectionType) (#$isa #$ClimateCycleType #$CollectionType) (#$isa #$ClimateCycleType #$SecondOrderCollection) (#$isa #$ClimateCycleType #$SiblingDisjointCollectionType) (#$typeGenls #$ClimateCycleType #$AnnualClimateCycle) (#$typeGenls #$ClimateCycleType #$WeatherEvent) (#$comment #$ClimaticTerrainType "The collection of all types of (normally extensive) #$GeographicalRegion distinguised by the type of surface growth. See #$FixedTerrainGeologicalRegion") (#$disjointWith #$ClimaticTerrainType #$OutdoorLocationByWeatherType) (#$genls #$ClimaticTerrainType #$ExistingStuffType) (#$isa #$ClimaticTerrainType #$CollectionType) (#$isa #$ClimaticTerrainType #$SecondOrderCollection) (#$genls #$Closed-InferenceProblemLinkStatus #$CycInferenceProblemLinkStatus) (#$isa #$Closed-InferenceProblemLinkStatus #$CoreImplementationConstant) (#$isa #$Closed-InferenceProblemLinkStatus #$ObjectType) (#$arg1Isa #$closedUnder #$SetOrCollection) (#$arg2Isa #$closedUnder #$Function-Denotational) (#$argIsa #$closedUnder 2 #$Function-Denotational) (#$argIsa #$closedUnder 2 #$Function-Denotational) (#$argIsa #$closedUnder 1 #$SetOrCollection) (#$argIsa #$closedUnder 1 #$SetOrCollection) (#$arity #$closedUnder 2) (#$comment #$closedUnder "An #$IntangibleObjectPredicate that relates a given #$SetOrCollection to any function that it is closed under. (#$closedUnder SETORCOL FUNC) means that SETORCOL is closed with respect to FUNC, in the sense that FUNC returns an element of SETORCOL for any (sequence of) element(s) of SETORCOL taken as argument(s). More precisely: for any sequence of arguments for which FUNC is defined and such that each of the ARGi is an element of (see #$elementOf) SETOFCOL, the value FUNC has for those arguments (i.e. (FUNC ARG1 ... ARGn)) is itself an element of SETORCOL. (Also, FUNC must be defined for at least one such argument-sequence, to rule out trivially vacuous cases such as #$RealNumber's being \"closed under\" #$MotherFn). Thus, (#$closedUnder #$Integer #$TimesFn) holds, but (#$closedUnder #$NegativeInteger #$TimesFn) does not.") (#$isa #$closedUnder #$BinaryPredicate) (#$isa #$closedUnder #$IntangibleObjectPredicate) (#$comment #$Cloth "#$Cloth is a specialization of #$TextileProduct. Each instance of #$Cloth is a piece of textile sheet woven or knitted or pressed out of fibers. Instances of #$Cloth are commonly used as material inputs to the manufacture of such things as clothing items, towels, sails for sailing craft, parachutes, and draperies.") (#$genls #$Cloth #$FreeSheet) (#$genls #$Cloth #$Individual) (#$genls #$Cloth #$Mixture) (#$genls #$Cloth #$PartiallyTangible) (#$genls #$Cloth #$Surface-Open) (#$genls #$Cloth #$TextileProduct) (#$isa #$Cloth #$ExistingStuffType) (#$comment #$ClothingAccessory "A specialization of #$ClothingItem. Each instance of #$ClothingAccessory is something that is worn as an accessory with other clothing items. Notable specializations of #$ClothingAccessory include #$Hat, #$Cufflinks, #$Purse, #$Scarf, and #$Wallet.") (#$disjointWith #$ClothingAccessory #$ConsumableProduct) (#$disjointWith #$ClothingAccessory #$Garment) (#$genls #$ClothingAccessory #$ClothingItem) (#$genls #$ClothingAccessory #$Individual) (#$isa #$ClothingAccessory #$ExistingObjectType) (#$isa #$ClothingAccessory #$ProductType) (#$comment #$Clothing-Bottom "#$Clothing-Bottom is a specialization of #$Garment. Each instance of #$Clothing-Bottom is a clothing item that covers at least the #$LowerTorso, but does not significantly cover the #$Chest-BodyPart. Instances of #$Clothing-Bottom are outerwear, in the sense that in modern western cultures someone wearing a #$Clothing-Bottom only needs a #$Clothing-Top and shoes to be considered #$FullyClothed. #$Overalls are a marginal case, in that they do cover some of the chest, but are normally worn with a #$Clothing-Top.") (#$genls #$Clothing-Bottom #$Garment) (#$genls #$Clothing-Bottom #$Individual) (#$isa #$Clothing-Bottom #$ExistingObjectType) (#$isa #$Clothing-Bottom #$GarmentTypeByRegionOfBodyCovered) (#$isa #$Clothing-Bottom #$ProductType) (#$comment #$Clothing-Generic "A specialization of #$SomethingToWear. Each instance of #$Clothing-Generic is something that a person wears as a protective and/or decorative covering or ornament. Instances of #$Clothing-Generic are usually made of flexible materials, such as cloth, leather, or yarn. Important specializations of #$Clothing-Generic include #$ClothingOutfit and #$ClothingItem.") (#$disjointWith #$Clothing-Generic #$Corner-2or3d) (#$genls #$Clothing-Generic #$Covering-Object) (#$genls #$Clothing-Generic #$Individual) (#$genls #$Clothing-Generic #$NonPoweredDevice) (#$genls #$Clothing-Generic #$SomethingToWear) (#$isa #$Clothing-Generic #$ExistingObjectType) (#$isa #$Clothing-Generic #$ProductType) (#$comment #$ClothingGMt "The #$GeneralMicrotheory describing non-brandname clothing. Brandname clothing is defined in #$BrandNameProductGMt.") (#$genlMt #$ClothingGMt #$ArtifactGMt) (#$genlMt #$ClothingGMt #$BaseKB) (#$genlMt #$ClothingGMt #$ClothingGVocabularyMt) (#$isa #$ClothingGMt #$GeneralMicrotheory) (#$isa #$ClothingGMt #$TheoryMicrotheory) (#$comment #$ClothingGVocabularyMt "The #$VocabularyMicrotheory for #$ClothingGMt.") (#$genlMt #$ClothingGVocabularyMt #$ArtifactGVocabularyMt) (#$genlMt #$ClothingGVocabularyMt #$BaseKB) (#$isa #$ClothingGVocabularyMt #$VocabularyMicrotheory) (#$comment #$ClothingItem "A specialization of #$Clothing-Generic. Each instance of #$ClothingItem is something that a person wears as a protective and/or decorative covering or ornament. Items of clothing are usually made of flexible materials, such as cloth, leather, or yarn. The collection #$ClothingItem contains primarily individual garments (e.g., instances of the collections #$Pants, #$Shirt, #$Coat, #$Shoe), together with pairs of shoes, socks, and gloves (since each wearer needs a pair). Jewelry, suspenders, belts, etc., are in the specialization #$ClothingAccessory. Note: outfits (esp. specialized outfits) made up of several individual items worn together belong to the collection #$ClothingOutfit, which is _not_ a specialization of #$ClothingItem but _is_ a specialization of the broader collection, #$SomethingToWear.") (#$genls #$ClothingItem #$BilaterallySymmetricObject) (#$genls #$ClothingItem #$Clothing-Generic) (#$genls #$ClothingItem #$HexalateralObject) (#$genls #$ClothingItem #$Individual) (#$genls #$ClothingItem #$PartiallyTangible) (#$genls #$ClothingItem #$PartiallyTangible) (#$isa #$ClothingItem #$ExistingObjectType) (#$isa #$ClothingItem #$ProductType) (#$comment #$ClothingOutfit "A specialization of both #$Clothing-Generic and #$Group. Each instance of #$ClothingOutfit is a group of clothing items (see the collection #$ClothingItem) that are intended to be worn together. An instance of #$ClothingOutfit may include some accessories, as well as garments. The different parts of an instance of #$ClothingOutfit are often sold together, rather than separately. Specializations of #$ClothingOutfit include #$MensSuit, #$Uniform, and #$Bikini.") (#$disjointWith #$ClothingOutfit #$ClothingItem) (#$genls #$ClothingOutfit #$Clothing-Generic) (#$genls #$ClothingOutfit #$Individual) (#$genls #$ClothingOutfit (#$GroupFn #$ClothingItem)) (#$isa #$ClothingOutfit #$ExistingObjectType) (#$isa #$ClothingOutfit #$ProductType) (#$comment #$Clothing-Top "#$Clothing-Top is a specialization of #$Garment. Each instance of #$Clothing-Top is a #$Garment that extends from the shoulders to the #$Waist or #$Hips. #$Clothing-Tops are outerwear, in the sense that in modern western culture someone wearing a #$Clothing-Top with trousers, shorts, or a skirt and shoes is considered #$FullyClothed.") (#$genls #$Clothing-Top #$Garment) (#$genls #$Clothing-Top #$Individual) (#$isa #$Clothing-Top #$ExistingObjectType) (#$isa #$Clothing-Top #$GarmentTypeByRegionOfBodyCovered) (#$isa #$Clothing-Top #$ProductType) (#$comment #$Clothing-WholeBody "#$Clothing-WholeBody is a specialization of #$Garment. Each instance of #$Clothing-WholeBody is a #$Garment that covers the whole body. Someone wearing one would only require #$Shoes to be considered #$FullyClothed in modern western culture.") (#$genls #$Clothing-WholeBody #$Garment) (#$genls #$Clothing-WholeBody #$Individual) (#$isa #$Clothing-WholeBody #$ExistingObjectType) (#$isa #$Clothing-WholeBody #$GarmentTypeByRegionOfBodyCovered) (#$isa #$Clothing-WholeBody #$ProductType) (#$comment #$CloudInSky "A specialization of #$CloudOfH2O. Each instance of #$CloudInSky is a cloud located in the sky over some instance of #$GeographicalRegion. Since #$CloudInSky is a specialization of #$CloudOfH2O, each instance of #$CloudInSky must be primarily composed of water particles.") (#$genls #$CloudInSky #$CloudOfH2O) (#$genls #$CloudInSky #$Individual) (#$genls #$CloudInSky #$Place) (#$isa #$CloudInSky #$ExistingObjectType) (#$comment #$Cloudless "An instance of #$OutdoorLocationByWeatherType and specialization of #$OutdoorLocation. Each instance is an #$OutdoorLocation that has no cloud cover.") (#$disjointWith #$Cloudless #$Cloudy) (#$genls #$Cloudless #$Individual) (#$genls #$Cloudless #$OutdoorLocation) (#$isa #$Cloudless #$ExistingStuffType) (#$isa #$Cloudless #$OutdoorLocationByWeatherType) (#$comment #$CloudlikeObject "A cloud is a kind of #$Suspension that has air as the suspending fluid. It is of #$ObjectType. Things like clouds of locusts are metaphorical, and are not treated as clouds in the kb. See #$Suspension for the structure of the material out of which clouds are made.") (#$genls #$CloudlikeObject #$Individual) (#$genls #$CloudlikeObject #$SpatialThing-Localized) (#$genls #$CloudlikeObject #$Suspension) (#$isa #$CloudlikeObject #$ExistingStuffType) (#$comment #$CloudOfH2O "A cloud of particles of liquid or solid water in the atmosphere covering a #$GeographicalRegion.") (#$disjointWith #$CloudOfH2O #$DrugSubstance) (#$disjointWith #$CloudOfH2O #$Mineral) (#$genls #$CloudOfH2O #$CloudlikeObject) (#$genls #$CloudOfH2O #$Individual) (#$isa #$CloudOfH2O #$ExistingStuffType) (#$comment #$Cloudy "An instance of #$OutdoorLocationByWeatherType and a specialization of #$OutdoorLocation. Each instance of #$Cloudy is an #$OutdoorLocation that has at least some cloud cover, and this cloud cover is not located exclusively at ground-level (in which case the location would be an instance of #$Foggy instead.") (#$genls #$Cloudy #$Individual) (#$genls #$Cloudy #$OutdoorLocation) (#$isa #$Cloudy #$ExistingStuffType) (#$isa #$Cloudy #$OutdoorLocationByWeatherType) (#$comment #$Code-AssertionDirection "An instance of #$CycLAssertionDirection (q.v.). A CycL assertion that has the #$Code-AssertionDirection cannot itself be used in either backward (ask-time) or forward (assert-time) inferences, but is instead implemented in the underlying code of the Cyc system. Contrast with #$Backward-AssertionDirection and #$Forward-AssertionDirection. Also see #$assertionDirection.") (#$isa #$Code-AssertionDirection #$AttributeValue) (#$isa #$Code-AssertionDirection #$CoreImplementationConstant) (#$isa #$Code-AssertionDirection #$CycLAssertionDirection) (#$arg1Isa #$coDecompositions #$PartiallyTangible) (#$arg2Isa #$coDecompositions #$PartiallyTangible) (#$argIsa #$coDecompositions 1 #$PartiallyTangible) (#$argIsa #$coDecompositions 1 #$PartiallyTangible) (#$argIsa #$coDecompositions 2 #$PartiallyTangible) (#$argIsa #$coDecompositions 2 #$PartiallyTangible) (#$arity #$coDecompositions 2) (#$comment #$coDecompositions "This predicate relates tangibles that are continuous or discontinuous physical parts (see #$physicalDecompositions) of the same whole. (#$coDecompositions PART1 PART2) means that there is some tangible WHOLE such that (#$physicalDecompositions WHOLE PART1) and (#$physicalDecompositions WHOLE PART2) both hold.") (#$genlInverse #$coDecompositions #$coDecompositions) (#$genlPreds #$coDecompositions #$spatiallyRelated) (#$isa #$coDecompositions #$ObjectPredicate) (#$isa #$coDecompositions #$ReflexiveBinaryPredicate) (#$isa #$coDecompositions #$SymmetricBinaryPredicate) (#$arg1Isa #$codeMapping #$CommunicationConvention) (#$arg2Isa #$codeMapping #$SubLAtom) (#$arg3Isa #$codeMapping #$Thing) (#$argIsa #$codeMapping 1 #$CommunicationConvention) (#$argIsa #$codeMapping 2 #$SubLAtom) (#$argIsa #$codeMapping 2 #$SubLAtom) (#$argIsa #$codeMapping 3 #$Thing) (#$argIsa #$codeMapping 3 #$Thing) (#$arity #$codeMapping 3) (#$comment #$codeMapping "(#$codeMapping MAP CODE DENOTATION) specifies one mapping for the reified mapping MAP. When a table uses MAP to interpret some field, the value CODE in that field will be interpreted as DENOTATION. DENOTATION will typically be a Cyc constant, but it might be a string or a number.") (#$isa #$codeMapping #$TernaryPredicate) (#$comment #$CodeOfConduct "An instance of #$MicrotheoryType, and a specialization of #$Obligation. Each instance of #$CodeOfConduct is a microtheory containing rules and/or expectations governing the behavior of those agents subject to it.") (#$genls #$CodeOfConduct #$Microtheory) (#$genls #$CodeOfConduct #$Obligation) (#$isa #$CodeOfConduct #$ExistingObjectType) (#$isa #$CodeOfConduct #$MicrotheoryType) (#$requiredArg2Pred #$CodeOfConduct #$subjectToCOC) (#$comment #$CoEquivalenceBinaryPredicate "A #$CoEquivalenceBinaryPredicate is a combined #$IrreflexiveBinaryPredicate and #$SymmetricBinaryPredicate such that (=> (& (PRED A B) (PRED B C) (different A C)) (PRED A C)).") (#$genls #$CoEquivalenceBinaryPredicate #$IrreflexiveBinaryPredicate) (#$genls #$CoEquivalenceBinaryPredicate #$SymmetricBinaryPredicate) (#$isa #$CoEquivalenceBinaryPredicate #$AtemporalNecessarilyEssentialCollectionType) (#$isa #$CoEquivalenceBinaryPredicate #$BinaryPredicateTypeByLogicalFeature) (#$isa #$CoEquivalenceBinaryPredicate #$PredicateCategory) (#$arg1Format #$coExtensional #$CoextensionalFormat) (#$arg1Isa #$coExtensional #$Collection) (#$arg2Format #$coExtensional #$CoextensionalFormat) (#$arg2Isa #$coExtensional #$Collection) (#$argFormat #$coExtensional 1 #$CoextensionalFormat) (#$argFormat #$coExtensional 2 #$CoextensionalFormat) (#$argIsa #$coExtensional 1 #$Collection) (#$argIsa #$coExtensional 1 #$Collection) (#$argIsa #$coExtensional 2 #$Collection) (#$argIsa #$coExtensional 2 #$Collection) (#$arity #$coExtensional 2) (#$comment #$coExtensional "A #$TaxonomicSlotForCollections (q.v.) that holds between collections whose extents (see #$extent) are exactly the same. (#$coExtensional COL1 COL2) means that COL1 and COL2 have all their elements in common: every instance of (see #$isa) one is an instance of the other. Note that since collections (see #$Collection), unlike mathematical sets (see #$Set-Mathematical), are \"intensionally defined\", two collections can be coextensional without thereby being identical (see #$equals). See also #$coextensionalSetOrCollections.") (#$genlInverse #$coExtensional #$coExtensional) (#$genlInverse #$coExtensional #$genls) (#$genlPreds #$coExtensional #$coextensionalSetOrCollections) (#$genlPreds #$coExtensional #$genls) (#$isa #$coExtensional #$CoreConstant) (#$isa #$coExtensional #$EquivalenceRelation) (#$isa #$coExtensional #$TaxonomicSlotForCollections) (#$arg1Isa #$coextensionalEntryFormatInArgs #$Predicate) (#$arg2Isa #$coextensionalEntryFormatInArgs #$PositiveInteger) (#$argIsa #$coextensionalEntryFormatInArgs 2 #$PositiveInteger) (#$argIsa #$coextensionalEntryFormatInArgs 2 #$PositiveInteger) (#$argIsa #$coextensionalEntryFormatInArgs 1 #$Predicate) (#$argIsa #$coextensionalEntryFormatInArgs 1 #$Predicate) (#$arity #$coextensionalEntryFormatInArgs 2) (#$comment #$coextensionalEntryFormatInArgs "A instance of #$SpecificEntryFormatPredicate (q.v.) that amounts to what might be called \"interchangeability of coextensional arguments\", taken in a broad sense whereby sets and collections (see #$SetOrCollection) as well as pairs of relations (see #$Relation) can be \"coextensional\". #$coextensionalEntryFormatInArgs can be used to characterize (truth-condition-wise) a given argument-place of a predicate that is constrained (semantic well-formedness-wise) to being filled with instances of only either #$Collection, #$SetOrCollection, or #$Relation. That is, the given argument-position's #$argIsa constraint (or the \"intersection\" of the position's #$argIsa constraints, if there are more than one) is to some (proper or improper) specialization of either #$SetOrCollection or #$Relation. Suppose that #$coextensionalEntryFormatInArgs holds of PRED with respect to its Nth argument-place, and that the sentence (PRED ... ARGN ...) is true. It follows that any sentence (PRED ... ARGN-PRIME ...) that differs from the first sentence at most in its Nth argument is true if and only if ARGN-PRIME is coextensional with ARGN. \"Coextensional\" is here defined as follows. Collections are coextensional just in case they have exactly the same instances (see #$coExtensional); set-or-collections are coextensional just in case they have exactly the same elements (see #$setOrCollectionsCoextensional); predicates are coextensional just in case they hold of exactly the same sequences of arguments; and functions are coextensional just in case they they are defined for exactly the same sequences of arguments and have the same value for any such sequence. #$coextensionalEntryFormatInArgs is useful because sometimes a certain argument-place of a given predicate is constrained to be a collection or set-or-collection or predicate or function, and all that's essential to the predicate's holding, with respect to that argument place (and a given fixed array of arguments for its other argument places), is the (set-or-)collection's _extent_ (see #$extent), the predicate's \"predicate-extent\", or the function's domain-to-range correlations. Such argument-places should not have the format #$singleEntryFormatInArgs (q.v.), since it is possible for two different collections, or a set and a collection, or two different predicates, or two different functions to have the same extension. On the other hand, the format #$openEntryFormatInArgs (q.v.) would place no real restriction on such an argument-place. #$coextensionalEntryFormatInArgs characterizes such argument places appropriately.") (#$isa #$coextensionalEntryFormatInArgs #$ArgConstraintPredicate) (#$isa #$coextensionalEntryFormatInArgs #$BinaryPredicate) (#$isa #$coextensionalEntryFormatInArgs #$IntangibleObjectRelatingPredicate) (#$isa #$coextensionalEntryFormatInArgs #$MetaPredicate) (#$isa #$coextensionalEntryFormatInArgs #$MetaPredicate) (#$isa #$coextensionalEntryFormatInArgs #$OpenCycDefinitionalPredicate) (#$isa #$coextensionalEntryFormatInArgs #$SpecificEntryFormatPredicate) (#$comment #$CoextensionalFormat "An argument entry-format (see #$Format) that amounts to what might be called \"interchangeability of coextensional arguments\", taken in a broad sense whereby sets and collections (see #$SetOrCollection) as well as pairs of relations (see #$Relation) can be \"coextensional\". #$CoextensionalFormat can be used to characterize (truth-condition-wise) a given argument-position of a predicate that is constrained (semantic well-formedness-wise) to being filled with instances of only either #$Collection, #$SetOrCollection, or #$Relation. That is, the given argument-position's #$argIsa constraint (or the \"intersection\" of the position's #$argIsa constraints, if there are more than one) is to some (proper or improper) specialization of either #$SetOrCollection or #$Relation. Suppose that the Nth argument to PRED has the format #$CoextensionalFormat and that the sentence (PRED ... ARGN ...) is true. It follows that any semantically well-formed sentence (PRED ... ARGN-PRIME ...) that differs from the first sentence only with respect to their Nth arguments (at most) is true if and only if ARGN-PRIME is coextensional with ARGN. \"Coextensional\" is here defined as follows. Collections are coextensional just in case they have exactly the same instances (see #$coExtensional); set-or-collections are coextensional just in case they have exactly the same elements (see #$coextensionalSetOrCollections); predicates are coextensional just in case they hold of exactly the same sequences of arguments; functions are coextensional just in case they they are defined for exactly the same sequences of arguments and have he same value for any such sequence. #$CoextensionalFormat is useful because sometimes a certain argument-place of a given predicate is constrained to be a collection or set-or-collection or predicate or function, and all that's essential to the predicate's holding, with respect to that argument place (and a given fixed array of arguments for its other argument places), is the (set-or-)collection's _extent_ (see #$extent), the predicate's \"predicate-extent\", or the function's domain-to-range correlations. Such argument-places should not have the format #$SingleEntry, since it is possible for two different collections, or a set and a collection, or two different predicates, or two different functions to have the same extension. On the other hand, the format #$SetTheFormat would place no real restriction on such an argument-place. #$CoextensionalFormat characterizes such argument places appropriately.") (#$isa #$CoextensionalFormat #$Format) (#$arg1Isa #$coextensionalSetOrCollectionOrRelations #$MathematicalThing) (#$arg2Isa #$coextensionalSetOrCollectionOrRelations #$MathematicalThing) (#$argIsa #$coextensionalSetOrCollectionOrRelations 1 #$MathematicalThing) (#$argIsa #$coextensionalSetOrCollectionOrRelations 1 #$MathematicalThing) (#$argIsa #$coextensionalSetOrCollectionOrRelations 2 #$MathematicalThing) (#$argIsa #$coextensionalSetOrCollectionOrRelations 2 #$MathematicalThing) (#$arity #$coextensionalSetOrCollectionOrRelations 2) (#$comment #$coextensionalSetOrCollectionOrRelations "An instance of #$TaxonomicSlot and a generalization of #$coextensionalSetOrCollections. #$coextensionalSetOrCollectionOrRelations relates predicates and functions as well as sets and collections; thus it holds between coextensional #$SetOrCollections (q.v.), between coextensional #$Predicates (q.v.), and between coextensional #$Function-Denotationals (q.v.). (#$coextensionalSetOrCollectionOrRelations SET|COL|REL-1 SET|COL|REL-2) means that SET|COL|REL-1 and SET|COL|REL-2 are coextensional. More precisely: (i) if SET|COL|REL-1 and SET|COL|REL-2 are both #$SetOrCollections, then they have all their elements in common (see #$coextensionalSetOrCollections); (ii) if SET|COL|REL-1 and SET|COL|REL-2 are both #$Predicates, then they hold of exactly the same argument-sequences; and (iii) if SET|COL|REL-1 and SET|COL|REL-2 are both #$Function-Denotationals, then they are defined for exactly the same argument-sequences and both have the same value for any such sequence. Note that, since coextensionality entails identity (see #$equals) in the case of sets but _not_ in the cases of collections or relations, it _cannot_ generally be inferred from the above that SET|COL|REL-1 and SET|COL|REL-2 are identical.") (#$genlInverse #$coextensionalSetOrCollectionOrRelations #$coextensionalSetOrCollectionOrRelations) (#$genlPreds #$coextensionalSetOrCollectionOrRelations #$generalizations) (#$isa #$coextensionalSetOrCollectionOrRelations #$EquivalenceRelation) (#$isa #$coextensionalSetOrCollectionOrRelations #$TaxonomicSlot) (#$arg1Format #$coextensionalSetOrCollections #$CoextensionalFormat) (#$arg1Isa #$coextensionalSetOrCollections #$SetOrCollection) (#$arg1Isa #$coextensionalSetOrCollections #$SetOrCollection) (#$arg2Format #$coextensionalSetOrCollections #$CoextensionalFormat) (#$arg2Isa #$coextensionalSetOrCollections #$SetOrCollection) (#$arg2Isa #$coextensionalSetOrCollections #$SetOrCollection) (#$argFormat #$coextensionalSetOrCollections 1 #$CoextensionalFormat) (#$argFormat #$coextensionalSetOrCollections 2 #$CoextensionalFormat) (#$argIsa #$coextensionalSetOrCollections 1 #$SetOrCollection) (#$argIsa #$coextensionalSetOrCollections 1 #$SetOrCollection) (#$argIsa #$coextensionalSetOrCollections 1 #$SetOrCollection) (#$argIsa #$coextensionalSetOrCollections 2 #$SetOrCollection) (#$argIsa #$coextensionalSetOrCollections 2 #$SetOrCollection) (#$argIsa #$coextensionalSetOrCollections 2 #$SetOrCollection) (#$arity #$coextensionalSetOrCollections 2) (#$comment #$coextensionalSetOrCollections "An instance of #$TaxonomicSlot and a generalization of #$coExtensional. #$coextensionalSetOrCollections relates mathematical sets as well as collections; thus it holds between coextensional #$SetOrCollections. (#$coextensionalSetOrCollections SETORCOL1 SETORCOL2) means that SETORCOL1 and SETORCOL2 have all their elements in common: any element of (see #$elementOf) one is an element of the other. Since coextensionality entails identity (see #$equals) in the case of sets but _not_ in the case of collections, it _cannot_ be inferred from the above that SETORCOL1 and SETORCOL2 are identical.") (#$genlInverse #$coextensionalSetOrCollections #$subsetOf) (#$genlPreds #$coextensionalSetOrCollections #$coextensionalSetOrCollectionOrRelations) (#$genlPreds #$coextensionalSetOrCollections #$subsetOf) (#$isa #$coextensionalSetOrCollections #$EquivalenceRelation) (#$isa #$coextensionalSetOrCollections #$TaxonomicSlot) (#$typedGenlPreds #$coextensionalSetOrCollections #$coextensionalSetOrCollectionOrRelations) (#$comment #$CognitiveAwarenessPredicate "A collection of binary predicates that reveal information about the epistemological state of the ARG1. Examples include #$awareOf and #$knowsAbout, both of which indicate cognitive properties of the ARG1 with respect to ARG2. A necessary condition for membership in this collection is that the predicate is non-modal. This means that coreferential substitution into the ARG2 positions of these predicates preserves truth. This non-modal constraint amounts to the following: if (#$knowsAbout Joe #$GeorgeWashington) holds then so does (#$knowsAbout Joe 'the first U.S. president') and (#$knowsAbout Joe 'the Valley Forge commander buried in Baltimore, Maryland.') even though Joe might not know this last piece of information. In contrast, modal predicates, including instances of #$PropositionalAttitudeSlot, do not permit coreferential substitution. In some cases a modal predicate may have a non-modal counterpart (e.g. #$knows and #$knowsAbout), but only the non-modal sense will be a member of this collection.") (#$genls #$CognitiveAwarenessPredicate #$BinaryPredicate) (#$genls #$CognitiveAwarenessPredicate #$MentalSlot) (#$genls #$CognitiveAwarenessPredicate #$ObjectPredicate) (#$isa #$CognitiveAwarenessPredicate #$PredicateCategory) (#$comment #$CognitiveCycFORT "The KB subset collection of terms related to Cyc's active cognitive behavior.") (#$genls #$CognitiveCycFORT #$CycLReifiableDenotationalTerm) (#$isa #$CognitiveCycFORT #$VariableOrderCollection) (#$sharedNotes #$CognitiveCycFORT #$NoteAboutArgIsaCycLIndexedTerm) (#$arg1Format #$cohabitants #$SetTheFormat) (#$arg1Isa #$cohabitants #$Animal) (#$arg1Isa #$cohabitants #$Animal) (#$arg2Format #$cohabitants #$SetTheFormat) (#$arg2Isa #$cohabitants #$Animal) (#$arg2Isa #$cohabitants #$Animal) (#$argFormat #$cohabitants 1 #$SetTheFormat) (#$argFormat #$cohabitants 2 #$SetTheFormat) (#$argIsa #$cohabitants 1 #$Animal) (#$argIsa #$cohabitants 1 #$Animal) (#$argIsa #$cohabitants 1 #$Animal) (#$argIsa #$cohabitants 2 #$Animal) (#$argIsa #$cohabitants 2 #$Animal) (#$argIsa #$cohabitants 2 #$Animal) (#$arity #$cohabitants 2) (#$comment #$cohabitants "A predicate that relates animals that live with each other. (#$cohabitants ANIMAL1 ANIMAL2) means that ANIMAL1 and ANIMAL2 live together in the same house, apartment unit, nest, hive, den, or other dwelling. Cohabitants are usually but not always of the same species. My pet cats are cohabitants of mine, but the ants in my kitchen are not.") (#$genlInverse #$cohabitants #$cohabitants) (#$genlInverse #$cohabitants #$cohabitants) (#$genlPreds #$cohabitants #$acquaintedWith) (#$isa #$cohabitants #$BinaryPredicate) (#$isa #$cohabitants #$CoEquivalenceBinaryPredicate) (#$isa #$cohabitants #$CotemporalObjectsSlot) (#$isa #$cohabitants #$InterExistingObjectPredicate) (#$isa #$cohabitants #$IrreflexiveBinaryPredicate) (#$isa #$cohabitants #$SymmetricBinaryPredicate) (#$comment #$CohabitationUnit "A specialization of #$Group. Each instance of #$CohabitationUnit is a group of humans or other animals all living together in the same place at the same time, where the place in question may be a house, nest, warren, or other dwelling. A notable specialization of #$CohabitationUnit is #$FamilyCohabitationUnit.") (#$disjointWith #$CohabitationUnit #$BranchOfMilitaryService) (#$disjointWith #$CohabitationUnit #$GeopoliticalEntity) (#$genls #$CohabitationUnit #$Individual) (#$genls #$CohabitationUnit (#$GroupFn #$Animal)) (#$isa #$CohabitationUnit #$ExistingObjectType) (#$arg1Format #$cohabitingFamilyMembers #$SetTheFormat) (#$arg1Isa #$cohabitingFamilyMembers #$Animal) (#$arg1Isa #$cohabitingFamilyMembers #$Animal) (#$arg2Format #$cohabitingFamilyMembers #$SetTheFormat) (#$arg2Isa #$cohabitingFamilyMembers #$Animal) (#$arg2Isa #$cohabitingFamilyMembers #$Animal) (#$argFormat #$cohabitingFamilyMembers 1 #$SetTheFormat) (#$argFormat #$cohabitingFamilyMembers 2 #$SetTheFormat) (#$argIsa #$cohabitingFamilyMembers 1 #$Animal) (#$argIsa #$cohabitingFamilyMembers 1 #$Animal) (#$argIsa #$cohabitingFamilyMembers 1 #$Animal) (#$argIsa #$cohabitingFamilyMembers 2 #$Animal) (#$argIsa #$cohabitingFamilyMembers 2 #$Animal) (#$argIsa #$cohabitingFamilyMembers 2 #$Animal) (#$arity #$cohabitingFamilyMembers 2) (#$comment #$cohabitingFamilyMembers "A #$FamilyRelationSlot that is a specialization of both #$cohabitants and #$relatives. (#$cohabitingFamilyMembers MEMBER1 MEMBER2) means that MEMBER1 and MEMBER2 are members the same family (see #$Family-SocialEntity) -- such as relatives, spouses, or in-laws -- that live with one another. See also #$FamilyCohabitationUnit. Note that MEMBER1 and MEMBER2 might be #$Animals of any type whatsoever; although in certain contexts (e.g. #$HumanSocialLifeMt) they are presupposed to be #$Persons.") (#$genlInverse #$cohabitingFamilyMembers #$cohabitingFamilyMembers) (#$genlInverse #$cohabitingFamilyMembers #$cohabitingFamilyMembers) (#$genlPreds #$cohabitingFamilyMembers #$cohabitants) (#$genlPreds #$cohabitingFamilyMembers #$positiveVestedInterest) (#$genlPreds #$cohabitingFamilyMembers #$relatives) (#$isa #$cohabitingFamilyMembers #$BinaryPredicate) (#$isa #$cohabitingFamilyMembers #$CoEquivalenceBinaryPredicate) (#$isa #$cohabitingFamilyMembers #$FamilyRelationSlot) (#$isa #$cohabitingFamilyMembers #$InterExistingObjectPredicate) (#$isa #$cohabitingFamilyMembers #$InterExistingObjectPredicate) (#$isa #$cohabitingFamilyMembers #$InterExistingObjectPredicate) (#$isa #$cohabitingFamilyMembers #$IrreflexiveBinaryPredicate) (#$isa #$cohabitingFamilyMembers #$SymmetricBinaryPredicate) (#$disjointWith ?COL2 (#$CollectionDifferenceFn ?COL1 ?COL2)) (#$comment #$ColdSeason "A specialization of #$SeasonOfYear. Each instance of #$ColdSeason is the cooler part of an annual climate cycle for a region (see #$AnnualClimateCycle). If a place has a Winter (see #$WinterSeason), the cold season generally includes the Winter. Note that #$WinterSeason is _not_ a specialization of #$CalendarSeason (q.v.).") (#$genls #$ColdSeason #$Individual) (#$genls #$ColdSeason #$SeasonOfYear) (#$isa #$ColdSeason #$TemporalObjectType) (#$arg1Isa #$colinearValues #$ScalarInterval) (#$arg2Isa #$colinearValues #$ScalarInterval) (#$argIsa #$colinearValues 1 #$ScalarInterval) (#$argIsa #$colinearValues 1 #$ScalarInterval) (#$argIsa #$colinearValues 2 #$ScalarInterval) (#$argIsa #$colinearValues 2 #$ScalarInterval) (#$arity #$colinearValues 2) (#$comment #$colinearValues "(#$colinearValues VAL1 VAL2) means that there exists a scalar ordering SCALE such that (#$valuesShareScale VAL1 VAL2 SCALE). It also implies that either (#$followingValue VAL1 VAL2) or (#$followingValue VAL2 VAL1), and #$followingValue is in turn a specialization of #$colinearValues. #$colinearValues can be thought of as a version of #$followingValue that is agnostic with regard to the ordering of the values.") (#$genlInverse #$colinearValues #$colinearValues) (#$isa #$colinearValues #$CoEquivalenceBinaryPredicate) (#$isa #$colinearValues #$IrreflexiveBinaryPredicate) (#$isa #$colinearValues #$SymmetricBinaryPredicate) (#$comment #$Collection "The collection of all Cyc collections. Cyc collections are natural kinds or classes, as opposed to mathematical sets; their instances have some common attribute(s). Each Cyc collection is like a set in so far as it may have elements, subsets, and supersets, and may not have parts or spatial or temporal properties. Sets, however, differ from collections in that a mathematical set may be an arbitrary set of things which have nothing in common (see #$Set-Mathematical). In contrast, the instances of a collection will all have in common some feature(s), some `intensional' qualities. In addition, two instances of #$Collection can be co-extensional (i.e., have all the same instances) without being identical, whereas if two arbitrary sets had the same elements, they would be considered equal. As with any Cyc constant, an instance of #$Collection should be created only if it is expected to have some purpose or utility. Moreover, the `best' collections to create are the ones which are impossible to define precisely, yet about which there are rules and other things to say. E.g., `WhiteCat' is not a good element of #$Collection to create, because it's easy to define with other Cyc concepts, and there's not much to say about the collection of white cats; but `WhiteCollarWorker' could be a good instance of #$Collection, because it is hard to define exactly, yet there are many things to say about it.") (#$disjointWith #$Collection #$Individual) (#$disjointWith #$Collection #$Set-Mathematical) (#$genls #$Collection #$SetOrCollection) (#$genls #$Collection #$SetOrCollection) (#$genls #$Collection #$SetOrCollection) (#$genls #$Collection #$Thing) (#$isa #$Collection #$AtemporalNecessarilyEssentialCollectionType) (#$isa #$Collection #$Collection) (#$isa #$Collection #$CollectionType) (#$isa #$Collection #$LogicalTruthConstant) (#$isa #$Collection #$VariableOrderCollection) (#$typeGenls #$Collection #$Thing) (#$arg1Genl #$collectionBackchainEncouraged #$Thing) (#$arg1Isa #$collectionBackchainEncouraged #$Collection) (#$argGenl #$collectionBackchainEncouraged 1 #$Thing) (#$argGenl #$collectionBackchainEncouraged 1 #$Thing) (#$argIsa #$collectionBackchainEncouraged 1 #$Collection) (#$argIsa #$collectionBackchainEncouraged 1 #$Collection) (#$arity #$collectionBackchainEncouraged 1) (#$comment #$collectionBackchainEncouraged "(#$collectionBackchainEncouraged COLLECTION) means that rules that conclude #$isa are most likely going to have to be used in order to prove #$isa literals involving COLLECTION. See also #$backchainEncouraged for the analog of this predicate applicable to predicates rather than collections.") (#$isa #$collectionBackchainEncouraged #$CoreImplementationConstant) (#$isa #$collectionBackchainEncouraged #$CycInferenceHeuristicPredicate) (#$isa #$collectionBackchainEncouraged #$DefaultMonotonicPredicate) (#$isa #$collectionBackchainEncouraged #$UnaryPredicate) (#$completeExtentKnown #$collectionBackchainEncouraged) (#$comment #$CollectionDenotingFunction "The subcollection of #$Function-Denotational whose instances return instances of #$Collection. Examples include #$SwimmingEventFn, #$GroupFn, and #$MoleculeFn. For example, (#$MoleculeFn #$Oxygen) denotes the collection of all oxygen molecules. See also the collections #$IndividualDenotingFunction and #$SetDenotingFunction.") (#$disjointWith #$CollectionDenotingFunction #$IndividualDenotingFunction) (#$disjointWith #$CollectionDenotingFunction #$SetDenotingFunction) (#$genls #$CollectionDenotingFunction #$Function-Denotational) (#$genls #$CollectionDenotingFunction #$Function-Denotational) (#$isa #$CollectionDenotingFunction #$AtemporalNecessarilyEssentialCollectionType) (#$isa #$CollectionDenotingFunction #$Collection) (#$isa #$CollectionDenotingFunction #$CoreConstant) (#$isa #$CollectionDenotingFunction #$FunctionCategory) (#$requiredArg1Pred #$CollectionDenotingFunction #$resultGenl) (#$genls (#$CollectionDifferenceFn #$Animal #$Person) #$Animal) (#$genls (#$CollectionDifferenceFn #$Animal #$Person) #$Thing) (#$isa (#$CollectionDifferenceFn #$Animal #$Person) #$Collection) (#$isa (#$CollectionDifferenceFn #$Animal #$Person) #$ExistingObjectType) (#$isa (#$CollectionDifferenceFn #$Animal #$Person) #$FirstOrderCollection) (#$isa (#$CollectionDifferenceFn #$Animal #$Person) #$TemporalStuffType) (#$arg1Genl #$CollectionDifferenceFn #$Thing) (#$arg1Isa #$CollectionDifferenceFn #$Collection) (#$arg2Genl #$CollectionDifferenceFn #$Thing) (#$arg2Isa #$CollectionDifferenceFn #$Collection) (#$argGenl #$CollectionDifferenceFn 1 #$Thing) (#$argGenl #$CollectionDifferenceFn 1 #$Thing) (#$argGenl #$CollectionDifferenceFn 2 #$Thing) (#$argGenl #$CollectionDifferenceFn 2 #$Thing) (#$argIsa #$CollectionDifferenceFn 1 #$Collection) (#$argIsa #$CollectionDifferenceFn 1 #$Collection) (#$argIsa #$CollectionDifferenceFn 2 #$Collection) (#$argIsa #$CollectionDifferenceFn 2 #$Collection) (#$arity #$CollectionDifferenceFn 2) (#$arity #$CollectionDifferenceFn 2) (#$comment #$CollectionDifferenceFn "(#$CollectionDifferenceFn INCLUDE_COL EXCLUDE_COL) denotes the #$Collection whose instances, if any, are those instances of INCLUDE_COL that, by definition, are not instances of EXCLUDE_COL. For example, (#$CollectionDifferenceFn #$MailOrderCompany #$Pharmacy) denotes the collection of mail order companies that are not pharmacies.") (#$interArg1ResultGenls #$CollectionDifferenceFn #$Event #$Event) (#$interArg1ResultIsa #$CollectionDifferenceFn #$ExistingObjectType #$ExistingObjectType) (#$interArg1ResultIsa #$CollectionDifferenceFn #$FirstOrderCollection #$FirstOrderCollection) (#$interArg1ResultIsa #$CollectionDifferenceFn #$SecondOrderCollection #$SecondOrderCollection) (#$interArg1ResultIsa #$CollectionDifferenceFn #$TemporalObjectType #$TemporalObjectType) (#$interArg1ResultIsa #$CollectionDifferenceFn #$TemporalStuffType #$TemporalStuffType) (#$interArgDifferent #$CollectionDifferenceFn 1 2) (#$interArgResultGenl #$CollectionDifferenceFn 1 #$Event #$Event) (#$interArgResultIsa #$CollectionDifferenceFn 1 #$ExistingObjectType #$ExistingObjectType) (#$interArgResultIsa #$CollectionDifferenceFn 1 #$FirstOrderCollection #$FirstOrderCollection) (#$interArgResultIsa #$CollectionDifferenceFn 1 #$SecondOrderCollection #$SecondOrderCollection) (#$interArgResultIsa #$CollectionDifferenceFn 1 #$TemporalObjectType #$TemporalObjectType) (#$interArgResultIsa #$CollectionDifferenceFn 1 #$TemporalStuffType #$TemporalStuffType) (#$interArgResultReln #$CollectionDifferenceFn 2 #$disjointWith) (#$isa #$CollectionDifferenceFn #$BinaryFunction) (#$isa #$CollectionDifferenceFn #$CollectionDenotingFunction) (#$isa #$CollectionDifferenceFn #$CollectionDenotingFunction) (#$isa #$CollectionDifferenceFn #$Function-Denotational) (#$isa #$CollectionDifferenceFn #$ReifiableFunction) (#$isa #$CollectionDifferenceFn #$SubcollectionFunction) (#$resultGenlArg #$CollectionDifferenceFn 1) (#$resultGenlArg #$CollectionDifferenceFn 1) (#$resultGenl #$CollectionDifferenceFn #$Thing) (#$resultIsa #$CollectionDifferenceFn #$Collection) (#$resultIsa #$CollectionDifferenceFn #$Collection) (#$comment #$CollectionEvent "A specialization of #$TransferIn. Each instance of #$CollectionEvent is an event in which tangible or intangible objects are collected together at a single \"place\". The objects might come from various sources, and might be gathered via some collection network.") (#$genls #$CollectionEvent #$Individual) (#$genls #$CollectionEvent #$TransferIn) (#$isa #$CollectionEvent #$DefaultDisjointScriptType) (#$isa #$CollectionEvent #$TemporalObjectType) (#$arg1Format #$collectionIntersection #$SingleEntry) (#$arg1Genl #$collectionIntersection #$Thing) (#$arg1Isa #$collectionIntersection #$Collection) (#$arg2Format #$collectionIntersection #$SetTheFormat) (#$arg2Isa #$collectionIntersection (#$SetOfTypeFn #$Collection)) (#$argFormat #$collectionIntersection 2 #$SetTheFormat) (#$argFormat #$collectionIntersection 1 #$SingleEntry) (#$argGenl #$collectionIntersection 1 #$Thing) (#$argGenl #$collectionIntersection 1 #$Thing) (#$argIsa #$collectionIntersection 1 #$Collection) (#$argIsa #$collectionIntersection 1 #$Collection) (#$argIsa #$collectionIntersection 2 (#$SetOfTypeFn #$Collection)) (#$argIsa #$collectionIntersection 2 (#$SetOfTypeFn #$Collection)) (#$arity #$collectionIntersection 2) (#$comment #$collectionIntersection "A #$TaxonomicSlotForCollections (q.v.) that relates a set of collections to the collection whose extent (see #$extent) is by definition the intersection of the extents of all the collections in that set. (#$collectionIntersection INTERSECT SET-OF-COLS) means that INTERSECT is the \"collection-intersection\" of SET-OF-COLS: any given thing THING is an instance of INTERSECT if and only if THING is an instance of every collection that is an element of SET-OF-COLS. It follows that INTERSECT is itself a subcollection of every element of SET-OF-COLS. Note that, since collections are supposed to be \"intensionally defined\", it is theoretically possible that there be more than one collection having exactly the extent (i.e. set of instances) characterized above. But COL is to be thought of as the collection which _by_definition_ contains all and only the instances common to every collection in SET-OF-COLS. In other words, the criterion for instanceship associated with INTERSECT (i.e. its \"intensional definition\") is in effect simply the conjunction of each of the criteria associated with the various members of SET-OF-COLS. This is what justifies the above description of INTERSECT as _the_ collection-intersection corresponding to SET-OF-COLS, and what justifies #$collectionIntersection's being defined as a functional predicate. See the corresponding function #$CollectionIntersectionFn; also see #$collectionUnion.") (#$functionalInArgs #$collectionIntersection 1) (#$isa #$collectionIntersection #$DefaultMonotonicPredicate) (#$isa #$collectionIntersection #$DefinitionalPredicate) (#$isa #$collectionIntersection #$OpenCycDefinitionalPredicate) (#$isa #$collectionIntersection #$RuleMacroPredicate) (#$isa #$collectionIntersection #$StrictlyFunctionalPredicate) (#$isa #$collectionIntersection #$TaxonomicSlotForCollections) (#$strictlyFunctionalInArgs #$collectionIntersection 1) (#$minimizeExtent #$collectionIntersection) (#$comment (#$CollectionIntersection2Fn #$Helicopter #$MilitaryAircraft) "the collection of all helicopters used for military purposes") (#$genls (#$CollectionIntersection2Fn #$Mammal #$AdultAnimal) #$AdultAnimal) (#$genls (#$CollectionIntersection2Fn #$Mammal #$AdultAnimal) #$Mammal) (#$genls (#$CollectionIntersection2Fn #$Mammal #$AdultAnimal) #$Thing) (#$genls (#$CollectionIntersection2Fn #$CooperationEvent #$EconomicAction) #$CooperationEvent) (#$genls (#$CollectionIntersection2Fn #$CooperationEvent #$EconomicAction) #$EconomicAction) (#$genls (#$CollectionIntersection2Fn #$CooperationEvent #$EconomicAction) #$Thing) (#$genls (#$CollectionIntersection2Fn #$ConstructionArtifact #$FluidConduit) #$ConstructionArtifact) (#$genls (#$CollectionIntersection2Fn #$ConstructionArtifact #$FluidConduit) #$ConstructionArtifact) (#$genls (#$CollectionIntersection2Fn #$ConstructionArtifact #$FluidConduit) #$FluidConduit) (#$genls (#$CollectionIntersection2Fn #$ConstructionArtifact #$FluidConduit) #$Thing) (#$genls (#$CollectionIntersection2Fn #$Student #$HumanChild) #$HumanChild) (#$genls (#$CollectionIntersection2Fn #$Student #$HumanChild) #$Student) (#$genls (#$CollectionIntersection2Fn #$Student #$HumanChild) #$Student) (#$genls (#$CollectionIntersection2Fn #$Student #$HumanChild) #$Thing) (#$genls (#$CollectionIntersection2Fn #$Helicopter #$MilitaryAircraft) #$Helicopter) (#$genls (#$CollectionIntersection2Fn #$Helicopter #$MilitaryAircraft) #$Helicopter) (#$genls (#$CollectionIntersection2Fn #$Helicopter #$MilitaryAircraft) #$MilitaryAircraft) (#$genls (#$CollectionIntersection2Fn #$Helicopter #$MilitaryAircraft) #$MilitaryAircraft) (#$genls (#$CollectionIntersection2Fn #$Helicopter #$MilitaryAircraft) #$Thing) (#$isa (#$CollectionIntersection2Fn #$Mammal #$AdultAnimal) #$Collection) (#$isa (#$CollectionIntersection2Fn #$Mammal #$AdultAnimal) #$ExistingObjectType) (#$isa (#$CollectionIntersection2Fn #$Mammal #$AdultAnimal) #$ExistingObjectType) (#$isa (#$CollectionIntersection2Fn #$Mammal #$AdultAnimal) #$FirstOrderCollection) (#$isa (#$CollectionIntersection2Fn #$Mammal #$AdultAnimal) #$ObjectType) (#$isa (#$CollectionIntersection2Fn #$Mammal #$AdultAnimal) #$TemporalStuffType) (#$isa (#$CollectionIntersection2Fn #$CooperationEvent #$EconomicAction) #$Collection) (#$isa (#$CollectionIntersection2Fn #$CooperationEvent #$EconomicAction) #$FirstOrderCollection) (#$isa (#$CollectionIntersection2Fn #$CooperationEvent #$EconomicAction) #$ObjectType) (#$isa (#$CollectionIntersection2Fn #$CooperationEvent #$EconomicAction) #$TemporalObjectType) (#$isa (#$CollectionIntersection2Fn #$ConstructionArtifact #$FluidConduit) #$Collection) (#$isa (#$CollectionIntersection2Fn #$ConstructionArtifact #$FluidConduit) #$ExistingObjectType) (#$isa (#$CollectionIntersection2Fn #$ConstructionArtifact #$FluidConduit) #$ExistingObjectType) (#$isa (#$CollectionIntersection2Fn #$ConstructionArtifact #$FluidConduit) #$FirstOrderCollection) (#$isa (#$CollectionIntersection2Fn #$ConstructionArtifact #$FluidConduit) #$ObjectType) (#$isa (#$CollectionIntersection2Fn #$ConstructionArtifact #$FluidConduit) #$TemporalStuffType) (#$isa (#$CollectionIntersection2Fn #$Student #$HumanChild) #$Collection) (#$isa (#$CollectionIntersection2Fn #$Student #$HumanChild) #$ExistingObjectType) (#$isa (#$CollectionIntersection2Fn #$Student #$HumanChild) #$ExistingObjectType) (#$isa (#$CollectionIntersection2Fn #$Student #$HumanChild) #$FirstOrderCollection) (#$isa (#$CollectionIntersection2Fn #$Student #$HumanChild) #$ObjectType) (#$isa (#$CollectionIntersection2Fn #$Student #$HumanChild) #$TemporalStuffType) (#$isa (#$CollectionIntersection2Fn #$Helicopter #$MilitaryAircraft) #$Collection) (#$isa (#$CollectionIntersection2Fn #$Helicopter #$MilitaryAircraft) #$ExistingObjectType) (#$isa (#$CollectionIntersection2Fn #$Helicopter #$MilitaryAircraft) #$FirstOrderCollection) (#$isa (#$CollectionIntersection2Fn #$Helicopter #$MilitaryAircraft) #$ProductType) (#$arg1Genl #$CollectionIntersection2Fn #$Thing) (#$arg1Isa #$CollectionIntersection2Fn #$Collection) (#$arg2Genl #$CollectionIntersection2Fn #$Thing) (#$arg2Isa #$CollectionIntersection2Fn #$Collection) (#$argGenl #$CollectionIntersection2Fn 1 #$Thing) (#$argGenl #$CollectionIntersection2Fn 1 #$Thing) (#$argGenl #$CollectionIntersection2Fn 2 #$Thing) (#$argGenl #$CollectionIntersection2Fn 2 #$Thing) (#$argIsa #$CollectionIntersection2Fn 1 #$Collection) (#$argIsa #$CollectionIntersection2Fn 1 #$Collection) (#$argIsa #$CollectionIntersection2Fn 2 #$Collection) (#$argIsa #$CollectionIntersection2Fn 2 #$Collection) (#$arity #$CollectionIntersection2Fn 2) (#$comment #$CollectionIntersection2Fn "(#$CollectionIntersection2Fn COL1 COL2) denotes the collection which is by definition the intersection of the collections COL1 and COL2.--Foxvog, Nov 9, 1999") (#$interArg1ResultGenls #$CollectionIntersection2Fn #$Event #$Event) (#$interArg1ResultIsa #$CollectionIntersection2Fn #$ExistingObjectType #$ExistingObjectType) (#$interArg1ResultIsa #$CollectionIntersection2Fn #$FirstOrderCollection #$FirstOrderCollection) (#$interArg1ResultIsa #$CollectionIntersection2Fn #$ObjectType #$ObjectType) (#$interArg1ResultIsa #$CollectionIntersection2Fn #$ProductType #$ProductType) (#$interArg1ResultIsa #$CollectionIntersection2Fn #$SecondOrderCollection #$SecondOrderCollection) (#$interArg1ResultIsa #$CollectionIntersection2Fn #$TemporalObjectType #$TemporalObjectType) (#$interArg1ResultIsa #$CollectionIntersection2Fn #$TemporalStuffType #$TemporalStuffType) (#$interArg1ResultIsa #$CollectionIntersection2Fn #$ThirdOrderCollection #$ThirdOrderCollection) (#$interArg2ResultIsa #$CollectionIntersection2Fn #$ExistingObjectType #$ExistingObjectType) (#$interArg2ResultIsa #$CollectionIntersection2Fn #$ObjectType #$ObjectType) (#$interArg2ResultIsa #$CollectionIntersection2Fn #$TemporalStuffType #$TemporalStuffType) (#$interArgResultGenl #$CollectionIntersection2Fn 1 #$Event #$Event) (#$interArgResultIsa #$CollectionIntersection2Fn 1 #$ExistingObjectType #$ExistingObjectType) (#$interArgResultIsa #$CollectionIntersection2Fn 2 #$ExistingObjectType #$ExistingObjectType) (#$interArgResultIsa #$CollectionIntersection2Fn 1 #$FirstOrderCollection #$FirstOrderCollection) (#$interArgResultIsa #$CollectionIntersection2Fn 1 #$ObjectType #$ObjectType) (#$interArgResultIsa #$CollectionIntersection2Fn 2 #$ObjectType #$ObjectType) (#$interArgResultIsa #$CollectionIntersection2Fn 1 #$ProductType #$ProductType) (#$interArgResultIsa #$CollectionIntersection2Fn 1 #$SecondOrderCollection #$SecondOrderCollection) (#$interArgResultIsa #$CollectionIntersection2Fn 1 #$TemporalObjectType #$TemporalObjectType) (#$interArgResultIsa #$CollectionIntersection2Fn 1 #$TemporalStuffType #$TemporalStuffType) (#$interArgResultIsa #$CollectionIntersection2Fn 2 #$TemporalStuffType #$TemporalStuffType) (#$interArgResultIsa #$CollectionIntersection2Fn 1 #$ThirdOrderCollection #$ThirdOrderCollection) (#$isa #$CollectionIntersection2Fn #$AssociativeRelation) (#$isa #$CollectionIntersection2Fn #$BinaryFunction) (#$isa #$CollectionIntersection2Fn #$CollectionDenotingFunction) (#$isa #$CollectionIntersection2Fn #$CollectionDenotingFunction) (#$isa #$CollectionIntersection2Fn #$CommutativeRelation) (#$isa #$CollectionIntersection2Fn #$Function-Denotational) (#$isa #$CollectionIntersection2Fn #$MacroRelation) (#$isa #$CollectionIntersection2Fn #$ReifiableFunction) (#$isa #$CollectionIntersection2Fn #$SubcollectionFunction) (#$resultGenlArg #$CollectionIntersection2Fn 1) (#$resultGenlArg #$CollectionIntersection2Fn 1) (#$resultGenlArg #$CollectionIntersection2Fn 2) (#$resultGenlArg #$CollectionIntersection2Fn 2) (#$resultGenl #$CollectionIntersection2Fn #$Thing) (#$resultIsa #$CollectionIntersection2Fn #$Collection) (#$resultIsa #$CollectionIntersection2Fn #$Collection) (#$collectionIntersection (#$CollectionIntersectionFn (#$TheSet #$EntertainmentOrRecreationOrganization #$ServiceEstablishment)) (#$TheSet #$EntertainmentOrRecreationOrganization #$ServiceEstablishment)) (#$collectionIntersection (#$CollectionIntersectionFn (#$TheSet #$PartiallyTangibleProduct #$Artifact)) (#$TheSet #$PartiallyTangibleProduct #$Artifact)) (#$genls (#$CollectionIntersectionFn #$CooperationEvent #$EconomicAction) #$Thing) (#$genls (#$CollectionIntersectionFn (#$TheSet #$EntertainmentOrRecreationOrganization #$ServiceEstablishment)) #$EntertainmentOrRecreationOrganization) (#$genls (#$CollectionIntersectionFn (#$TheSet #$EntertainmentOrRecreationOrganization #$ServiceEstablishment)) #$EntertainmentOrRecreationOrganization) (#$genls (#$CollectionIntersectionFn (#$TheSet #$EntertainmentOrRecreationOrganization #$ServiceEstablishment)) #$ServiceEstablishment) (#$genls (#$CollectionIntersectionFn (#$TheSet #$EntertainmentOrRecreationOrganization #$ServiceEstablishment)) #$ServiceEstablishment) (#$genls (#$CollectionIntersectionFn (#$TheSet #$EntertainmentOrRecreationOrganization #$ServiceEstablishment)) #$Thing) (#$genls (#$CollectionIntersectionFn (#$TheSet #$PartiallyTangibleProduct #$Artifact)) #$Artifact) (#$genls (#$CollectionIntersectionFn (#$TheSet #$PartiallyTangibleProduct #$Artifact)) #$PartiallyTangibleProduct) (#$genls (#$CollectionIntersectionFn (#$TheSet #$PartiallyTangibleProduct #$Artifact)) #$PartiallyTangibleProduct) (#$genls (#$CollectionIntersectionFn (#$TheSet #$PartiallyTangibleProduct #$Artifact)) #$Thing) (#$isa (#$CollectionIntersectionFn #$CooperationEvent #$EconomicAction) #$Collection) (#$isa (#$CollectionIntersectionFn (#$TheSet #$EntertainmentOrRecreationOrganization #$ServiceEstablishment)) #$Collection) (#$isa (#$CollectionIntersectionFn (#$TheSet #$PartiallyTangibleProduct #$Artifact)) #$Collection) (#$arg1Isa #$CollectionIntersectionFn (#$SetOfTypeFn #$Collection)) (#$argIsa #$CollectionIntersectionFn 1 (#$SetOfTypeFn #$Collection)) (#$argIsa #$CollectionIntersectionFn 1 (#$SetOfTypeFn #$Collection)) (#$arity #$CollectionIntersectionFn 1) (#$comment #$CollectionIntersectionFn "(#$CollectionIntersectionFn SET-OF-COLS) is the collection that is by definition the \"collection-intersection\" (see #$collectionIntersection) of all of the collections that are elements of the set SET-OF-COLS.") (#$functionCorrespondingPredicate-Canonical #$CollectionIntersectionFn #$collectionIntersection 1) (#$isa #$CollectionIntersectionFn #$AssociativeRelation) (#$isa #$CollectionIntersectionFn #$CollectionDenotingFunction) (#$isa #$CollectionIntersectionFn #$CollectionDenotingFunction) (#$isa #$CollectionIntersectionFn #$ReifiableFunction) (#$isa #$CollectionIntersectionFn #$UnaryRelation) (#$resultGenl #$CollectionIntersectionFn #$Thing) (#$resultGenl #$CollectionIntersectionFn #$Thing) (#$resultIsa #$CollectionIntersectionFn #$Collection) (#$resultIsa #$CollectionIntersectionFn #$Collection) (#$comment #$CollectionPredicate "A collection of predicates used to relate collections to other things and thereby ascribe characteristics or properties (taken in a broad sense) either to the collections themselves or to each of the instances of those collections. As such, each instance of #$CollectionPredicate has an #$arity (q.v.) of 2 or greater and has at least one argument place (often including the first, or \"arg1\", place) constrained to instances (see #$argIsa) of either #$Collection or some specialization of #$Collection. For example, #$hasDepartmentTypes is a collection-predicate that relates a given organization to a type (i.e. collection) of departments such that the former has an instance of the latter as a suborganization; the relevant argument constraint here is (#$arg2Isa #$hasDepartmentTypes #$ExistingObjectType), and #$ExistingObjectType is a specialization of #$Collection. Other instances of #$CollectionPredicate include #$granuleOfTemporalStuff, #$objectTypeTransported, and #$contraryFeelings. See also #$ObjectPredicate.") (#$genls #$CollectionPredicate #$Predicate) (#$isa #$CollectionPredicate #$AtemporalNecessarilyEssentialCollectionType) (#$isa #$CollectionPredicate #$PredicateCategory) (#$sharedNotes #$CollectionPredicate #$NoteAboutPredicateCategories) (#$arg1Isa #$CollectionQualificationFn #$ObjectType) (#$arg2Isa #$CollectionQualificationFn #$Qualifier) (#$argIsa #$CollectionQualificationFn 1 #$ObjectType) (#$argIsa #$CollectionQualificationFn 2 #$Qualifier) (#$argIsa #$CollectionQualificationFn 2 #$Qualifier) (#$arity #$CollectionQualificationFn 2) (#$comment #$CollectionQualificationFn "(#$CollectionQualificationFn COL QUALIFIER) is a specialization of COL qualified by the instance of #$Qualifier QUALIFIER. See the comments for #$Qualifier and #$QualifyingFunction for an explanation of the use of this function.") (#$isa #$CollectionQualificationFn #$BinaryFunction) (#$isa #$CollectionQualificationFn #$CollectionDenotingFunction) (#$isa #$CollectionQualificationFn #$ReifiableFunction) (#$resultGenlArg #$CollectionQualificationFn 1) (#$resultIsa #$CollectionQualificationFn #$Collection) (#$isa (#$CollectionRuleTemplateFn #$ArgGenlAttributePredicate) #$Individual) (#$isa (#$CollectionRuleTemplateFn #$ArgGenlPredicate) #$Individual) (#$isa (#$CollectionRuleTemplateFn #$ArgIsaPredicate) #$Individual) (#$isa (#$CollectionRuleTemplateFn #$BinaryRolePredicate) #$Individual) (#$isa (#$CollectionRuleTemplateFn #$CapabilityPredicate) #$Individual) (#$isa (#$CollectionRuleTemplateFn #$CapabilityPredicate-InstanceLevel) #$Individual) (#$isa (#$CollectionRuleTemplateFn #$IndependentCountry) #$Individual) (#$isa (#$CollectionRuleTemplateFn #$ArgGenlAttributePredicate) #$RuleTemplate) (#$isa (#$CollectionRuleTemplateFn #$ArgGenlPredicate) #$RuleTemplate) (#$isa (#$CollectionRuleTemplateFn #$ArgIsaPredicate) #$RuleTemplate) (#$isa (#$CollectionRuleTemplateFn #$BinaryRolePredicate) #$RuleTemplate) (#$isa (#$CollectionRuleTemplateFn #$CapabilityPredicate-InstanceLevel) #$RuleTemplate) (#$isa (#$CollectionRuleTemplateFn #$CapabilityPredicate) #$RuleTemplate) (#$isa (#$CollectionRuleTemplateFn #$IndependentCountry) #$RuleTemplate) (#$arg1Genl #$CollectionRuleTemplateFn #$Thing) (#$arg1Isa #$CollectionRuleTemplateFn #$Collection) (#$argGenl #$CollectionRuleTemplateFn 1 #$Thing) (#$argGenl #$CollectionRuleTemplateFn 1 #$Thing) (#$argIsa #$CollectionRuleTemplateFn 1 #$Collection) (#$argIsa #$CollectionRuleTemplateFn 1 #$Collection) (#$arity #$CollectionRuleTemplateFn 1) (#$comment #$CollectionRuleTemplateFn "(#$CollectionRuleTemplateFn COL) denotes the rule template unique to collection COL.") (#$isa #$CollectionRuleTemplateFn #$CoreImplementationConstant) (#$isa #$CollectionRuleTemplateFn #$IndividualDenotingFunction) (#$isa #$CollectionRuleTemplateFn #$ReifiableFunction) (#$isa #$CollectionRuleTemplateFn #$UnaryFunction) (#$resultIsa #$CollectionRuleTemplateFn #$Individual) (#$resultIsa #$CollectionRuleTemplateFn #$RuleTemplate) (#$arg1Genl #$CollectionSubsetFn #$Thing) (#$arg1Isa #$CollectionSubsetFn #$Collection) (#$arg2Isa #$CollectionSubsetFn #$Set-Mathematical) (#$argGenl #$CollectionSubsetFn 1 #$Thing) (#$argGenl #$CollectionSubsetFn 1 #$Thing) (#$argIsa #$CollectionSubsetFn 1 #$Collection) (#$argIsa #$CollectionSubsetFn 1 #$Collection) (#$argIsa #$CollectionSubsetFn 2 #$Set-Mathematical) (#$argIsa #$CollectionSubsetFn 2 #$Set-Mathematical) (#$arity #$CollectionSubsetFn 2) (#$comment #$CollectionSubsetFn "(#$CollectionSubsetFn COL SET) denotes a collection which is by definition a specialization of the collection COL and such that every instance of the specialization is also an element of the set SET.") (#$isa #$CollectionSubsetFn #$BinaryFunction) (#$isa #$CollectionSubsetFn #$CollectionDenotingFunction) (#$isa #$CollectionSubsetFn #$CollectionDenotingFunction) (#$isa #$CollectionSubsetFn #$Function-Denotational) (#$isa #$CollectionSubsetFn #$ReifiableFunction) (#$resultGenlArg #$CollectionSubsetFn 1) (#$resultGenlArg #$CollectionSubsetFn 1) (#$resultGenl #$CollectionSubsetFn #$Thing) (#$resultIsa #$CollectionSubsetFn #$Collection) (#$resultIsa #$CollectionSubsetFn #$Collection) (#$comment #$CollectionType "A collection of collections of collections. #$CollectionType is the collection of all (and only) types of #$Collections. More precisely, a thing COLLTYPE is an instance of #$CollectionType if and only if COLLTYPE is a non-empty collection all of whose instances are collections. Example: #$PersonTypeByCulture, each of whose instances is the collection of all persons who participate in some particular human culture, is an instance of #$CollectionType. Important specializations of #$CollectionType include #$DisjointCollectionType, #$SiblingDisjointCollectionType, and #$CollectionTypeType.") (#$genls #$CollectionType #$Collection) (#$genls #$CollectionType #$SetOrCollectionType) (#$isa #$CollectionType #$AtemporalNecessarilyEssentialCollectionType) (#$isa #$CollectionType #$CollectionType) (#$isa #$CollectionType #$CollectionType) (#$isa #$CollectionType #$CollectionTypeType) (#$isa #$CollectionType #$VariableOrderCollection) (#$keStrongSuggestionPreds #$CollectionType #$typeGenls) (#$typeGenls #$CollectionType #$Collection) (#$comment #$CollectionTypeType "The collection of all collections of collections of collections. (The collection of all third order (or higher) collections.) #$CollectionTypeType is a fourth order collection.") (#$genls #$CollectionTypeType #$CollectionType) (#$isa #$CollectionTypeType #$CollectionType) (#$isa #$CollectionTypeType #$CollectionTypeType) (#$isa #$CollectionTypeType #$VariableOrderCollection) (#$typeGenls #$CollectionTypeType #$CollectionType) (#$arg1Format #$collectionUnion #$SingleEntry) (#$arg1Genl #$collectionUnion #$Thing) (#$arg1Isa #$collectionUnion #$Collection) (#$arg2Format #$collectionUnion #$SetTheFormat) (#$arg2Isa #$collectionUnion (#$SetOfTypeFn #$Collection)) (#$argFormat #$collectionUnion 2 #$SetTheFormat) (#$argFormat #$collectionUnion 1 #$SingleEntry) (#$argGenl #$collectionUnion 1 #$Thing) (#$argGenl #$collectionUnion 1 #$Thing) (#$argIsa #$collectionUnion 1 #$Collection) (#$argIsa #$collectionUnion 1 #$Collection) (#$argIsa #$collectionUnion 2 (#$SetOfTypeFn #$Collection)) (#$argIsa #$collectionUnion 2 (#$SetOfTypeFn #$Collection)) (#$arity #$collectionUnion 2) (#$comment #$collectionUnion "A #$TaxonomicSlotForCollections (q.v.) that relates a set of collections to the collection whose extent (see #$extent) is by definition the union of the extents of all the collections in that set. (#$collectionUnion UNION SET-OF-COLS) means that UNION is the \"collection-union\" of SET-OF-COLS: any given thing THING is an instance of UNION if and only if THING is an instance of some collection that is an element of SET-OF-COLS. It follows that any subcollection of some element of SET-OF-COLS is also a subcollection of UNION; in particular each element of SET-OF-COLS is itself a subcollection of UNION. Note that, since collections are supposed to be \"intensionally defined\", it is theoretically possible that there be more than one collection having exactly the extent (i.e. set of instances) characterized above. But UNION is to be thought of as the collection which _by_definition_ contains all and only the instances of any of the collections in SET-OF-COLS. In other words, the criterion for instanceship associated with UNION (i.e. its \"intensional definition\") is in effect simply the disjunction of each of the criteria associated with the various members of SET-OF-COLS. This is what justifies the above description of UNION as _the_ collection-union corresponding to SET-OF-COLS, and what justifies #$collectionUnion's being defined as a functional predicate. See the corresponding function #$CollectionUnionFn; also see #$collectionIntersection.") (#$functionalInArgs #$collectionUnion 1) (#$genlPreds #$collectionUnion #$covering) (#$isa #$collectionUnion #$BinaryPredicate) (#$isa #$collectionUnion #$DefaultMonotonicPredicate) (#$isa #$collectionUnion #$FunctionalPredicate) (#$isa #$collectionUnion #$OpenCycDefinitionalPredicate) (#$isa #$collectionUnion #$RuleMacroPredicate) (#$isa #$collectionUnion #$TaxonomicSlotForCollections) (#$strictlyFunctionalInArgs #$collectionUnion 1) (#$collectionUnion (#$CollectionUnionFn (#$TheSet #$Agent-Generic (#$GroupFn #$Agent-Generic))) (#$TheSet #$Agent-Generic (#$GroupFn #$Agent-Generic))) (#$collectionUnion (#$CollectionUnionFn (#$TheSet #$Athlete #$SportsOrganization)) (#$TheSet #$Athlete #$SportsOrganization)) (#$collectionUnion (#$CollectionUnionFn (#$TheSet #$Athlete #$SportsOrganization)) (#$TheSet #$Athlete #$SportsOrganization)) (#$collectionUnion (#$CollectionUnionFn (#$TheSet #$AttributeValue #$AbstractInformationalThing)) (#$TheSet #$AttributeValue #$AbstractInformationalThing)) (#$collectionUnion (#$CollectionUnionFn (#$TheSet #$BiologicalLivingObject (#$GroupFn #$BiologicalLivingObject))) (#$TheSet #$BiologicalLivingObject (#$GroupFn #$BiologicalLivingObject))) (#$collectionUnion (#$CollectionUnionFn (#$TheSet #$Electron #$ChemicalObject)) (#$TheSet #$Electron #$ChemicalObject)) (#$collectionUnion (#$CollectionUnionFn (#$TheSet #$Electron #$ChemicalObject)) (#$TheSet #$Electron #$ChemicalObject)) (#$collectionUnion (#$CollectionUnionFn (#$TheSet #$EntertainmentOrRecreationOrganization #$Entertainer)) (#$TheSet #$EntertainmentOrRecreationOrganization #$Entertainer)) (#$collectionUnion (#$CollectionUnionFn (#$TheSet #$EntertainmentOrRecreationOrganization #$Entertainer)) (#$TheSet #$EntertainmentOrRecreationOrganization #$Entertainer)) (#$collectionUnion (#$CollectionUnionFn (#$TheSet #$InformationBearingThing #$DevisedPracticeOrWork)) (#$TheSet #$InformationBearingThing #$DevisedPracticeOrWork)) (#$collectionUnion (#$CollectionUnionFn (#$TheSet #$Person (#$GroupFn #$Person))) (#$TheSet #$Person (#$GroupFn #$Person))) (#$collectionUnion (#$CollectionUnionFn ?SET) ?SET) (#$collectionUnion (#$CollectionUnionFn (#$TheSet #$TimeInterval #$QualitativeTimeOfDay)) (#$TheSet #$TimeInterval #$QualitativeTimeOfDay)) (#$collectionUnion (#$CollectionUnionFn (#$TheSet #$TimeInterval #$QualitativeTimeOfDay)) (#$TheSet #$TimeInterval #$QualitativeTimeOfDay)) (#$genls (#$CollectionUnionFn (#$TheSet #$Agent-Generic (#$GroupFn #$Agent-Generic))) #$TemporalThing) (#$genls (#$CollectionUnionFn (#$TheSet #$Agent-Generic (#$GroupFn #$Agent-Generic))) #$Thing) (#$genls (#$CollectionUnionFn (#$TheSet #$Athlete #$SportsOrganization)) (#$CollectionUnionFn (#$TheSet #$Athlete #$SportsOrganization))) (#$genls (#$CollectionUnionFn (#$TheSet #$Athlete #$SportsOrganization)) #$SocialBeing) (#$genls (#$CollectionUnionFn (#$TheSet #$Athlete #$SportsOrganization)) #$Thing) (#$genls (#$CollectionUnionFn (#$TheSet #$AttributeValue #$AbstractInformationalThing)) #$Thing) (#$genls (#$CollectionUnionFn (#$TheSet #$BiologicalLivingObject (#$GroupFn #$BiologicalLivingObject))) #$PartiallyTangible) (#$genls (#$CollectionUnionFn (#$TheSet #$BiologicalLivingObject (#$GroupFn #$BiologicalLivingObject))) #$Thing) (#$genls (#$CollectionUnionFn (#$TheSet #$Electron #$ChemicalObject)) #$InanimateThing) (#$genls (#$CollectionUnionFn (#$TheSet #$Electron #$ChemicalObject)) #$MicroscopicScaleObject) (#$genls (#$CollectionUnionFn (#$TheSet #$Electron #$ChemicalObject)) #$Thing) (#$genls (#$CollectionUnionFn (#$TheSet #$EntertainmentOrRecreationOrganization #$Entertainer)) (#$CollectionUnionFn (#$TheSet #$EntertainmentOrRecreationOrganization #$Entertainer))) (#$genls (#$CollectionUnionFn (#$TheSet #$EntertainmentOrRecreationOrganization #$Entertainer)) #$SocialBeing) (#$genls (#$CollectionUnionFn (#$TheSet #$EntertainmentOrRecreationOrganization #$Entertainer)) #$Thing) (#$genls (#$CollectionUnionFn (#$TheSet #$InformationBearingThing #$Agent-Generic)) #$Individual) (#$genls (#$CollectionUnionFn (#$TheSet #$InformationBearingThing #$Agent-Generic)) #$TemporalThing) (#$genls (#$CollectionUnionFn (#$TheSet #$InformationBearingThing #$Agent-Generic)) #$Thing) (#$genls (#$CollectionUnionFn (#$TheSet #$InformationBearingThing #$DevisedPracticeOrWork)) (#$CollectionUnionFn (#$TheSet #$InformationBearingThing #$DevisedPracticeOrWork))) (#$genls (#$CollectionUnionFn (#$TheSet #$InformationBearingThing #$DevisedPracticeOrWork)) #$PartiallyIntangibleIndividual) (#$genls (#$CollectionUnionFn (#$TheSet #$InformationBearingThing #$DevisedPracticeOrWork)) #$Thing) (#$genls (#$CollectionUnionFn (#$TheSet #$Person (#$GroupFn #$Person))) (#$CollectionUnionFn (#$TheSet #$BiologicalLivingObject (#$GroupFn #$BiologicalLivingObject)))) (#$genls (#$CollectionUnionFn (#$TheSet #$Person (#$GroupFn #$Person))) #$PartiallyTangible) (#$genls (#$CollectionUnionFn (#$TheSet #$Person (#$GroupFn #$Person))) #$Thing) (#$genls (#$CollectionUnionFn (#$TheSet #$TimeInterval #$QualitativeTimeOfDay)) #$IntangibleIndividual) (#$genls (#$CollectionUnionFn (#$TheSet #$TimeInterval #$QualitativeTimeOfDay)) #$TemporalThing) (#$genls (#$CollectionUnionFn (#$TheSet #$TimeInterval #$QualitativeTimeOfDay)) #$Thing) (#$genls (#$CollectionUnionFn (#$TheSet #$UMLEvent #$UMLBehavioralFeature)) #$Thing) (#$isa (#$CollectionUnionFn (#$TheSet #$Agent-Generic (#$GroupFn #$Agent-Generic))) #$Collection) (#$isa (#$CollectionUnionFn (#$TheSet #$Agent-Generic (#$GroupFn #$Agent-Generic))) #$ObjectType) (#$isa (#$CollectionUnionFn (#$TheSet #$Agent-Generic (#$GroupFn #$Agent-Generic))) #$ObjectType) (#$isa (#$CollectionUnionFn (#$TheSet #$Athlete #$SportsOrganization)) #$Collection) (#$isa (#$CollectionUnionFn (#$TheSet #$Athlete #$SportsOrganization)) #$ExistingObjectType) (#$isa (#$CollectionUnionFn (#$TheSet #$Athlete #$SportsOrganization)) #$ExistingObjectType) (#$isa (#$CollectionUnionFn (#$TheSet #$AttributeValue #$AbstractInformationalThing)) #$Collection) (#$isa (#$CollectionUnionFn (#$TheSet #$AttributeValue #$AbstractInformationalThing)) #$Collection) (#$isa (#$CollectionUnionFn (#$TheSet #$AttributeValue #$AbstractInformationalThing)) #$FirstOrderCollection) (#$isa (#$CollectionUnionFn (#$TheSet #$BiologicalLivingObject (#$GroupFn #$BiologicalLivingObject))) #$Collection) (#$isa (#$CollectionUnionFn (#$TheSet #$BiologicalLivingObject (#$GroupFn #$BiologicalLivingObject))) #$FirstOrderCollection) (#$isa (#$CollectionUnionFn (#$TheSet #$BiologicalLivingObject (#$GroupFn #$BiologicalLivingObject))) #$ObjectType) (#$isa (#$CollectionUnionFn (#$TheSet #$BiologicalLivingObject (#$GroupFn #$BiologicalLivingObject))) #$ObjectType) (#$isa (#$CollectionUnionFn (#$TheSet #$Electron #$ChemicalObject)) #$Collection) (#$isa (#$CollectionUnionFn (#$TheSet #$Electron #$ChemicalObject)) #$ExistingObjectType) (#$isa (#$CollectionUnionFn (#$TheSet #$Electron #$ChemicalObject)) #$ExistingObjectType) (#$isa (#$CollectionUnionFn (#$TheSet #$EntertainmentOrRecreationOrganization #$Entertainer)) #$Collection) (#$isa (#$CollectionUnionFn (#$TheSet #$EntertainmentOrRecreationOrganization #$Entertainer)) #$ExistingObjectType) (#$isa (#$CollectionUnionFn (#$TheSet #$EntertainmentOrRecreationOrganization #$Entertainer)) #$ExistingObjectType) (#$isa (#$CollectionUnionFn (#$TheSet #$EntertainmentOrRecreationOrganization #$Entertainer)) #$ExistingObjectType) (#$isa (#$CollectionUnionFn (#$TheSet #$InformationBearingThing #$Agent-Generic)) #$Collection) (#$isa (#$CollectionUnionFn (#$TheSet #$InformationBearingThing #$Agent-Generic)) #$ExistingObjectType) (#$isa (#$CollectionUnionFn (#$TheSet #$InformationBearingThing #$DevisedPracticeOrWork)) #$Collection) (#$isa (#$CollectionUnionFn (#$TheSet #$InformationBearingThing #$DevisedPracticeOrWork)) #$ObjectType) (#$isa (#$CollectionUnionFn (#$TheSet #$InformationBearingThing #$DevisedPracticeOrWork)) #$ObjectType) (#$isa (#$CollectionUnionFn (#$TheSet #$InformationBearingThing #$DevisedPracticeOrWork)) #$TemporalStuffType) (#$isa (#$CollectionUnionFn (#$TheSet #$InformationBearingThing #$DevisedPracticeOrWork)) #$TemporalStuffType) (#$isa (#$CollectionUnionFn (#$TheSet #$Person (#$GroupFn #$Person))) #$Collection) (#$isa (#$CollectionUnionFn (#$TheSet #$Person (#$GroupFn #$Person))) #$ObjectType) (#$isa (#$CollectionUnionFn (#$TheSet #$Person (#$GroupFn #$Person))) #$ObjectType) (#$isa (#$CollectionUnionFn (#$TheSet #$TimeInterval #$QualitativeTimeOfDay)) #$Collection) (#$isa (#$CollectionUnionFn (#$TheSet #$TimeInterval #$QualitativeTimeOfDay)) #$Collection) (#$isa (#$CollectionUnionFn (#$TheSet #$TimeInterval #$QualitativeTimeOfDay)) #$FirstOrderCollection) (#$isa (#$CollectionUnionFn (#$TheSet #$UMLEvent #$UMLBehavioralFeature)) #$Collection) (#$arg1Isa #$CollectionUnionFn (#$SetOfTypeFn #$Collection)) (#$argIsa #$CollectionUnionFn 1 (#$SetOfTypeFn #$Collection)) (#$argIsa #$CollectionUnionFn 1 (#$SetOfTypeFn #$Collection)) (#$arity #$CollectionUnionFn 1) (#$comment #$CollectionUnionFn "(#$CollectionUnionFn SET-OF-COLS) is the collection that is by definition the \"collection-union\" (see #$collectionUnion) of all of the collections in the set SET-OF-COLS.") (#$functionCorrespondingPredicate-Canonical #$CollectionUnionFn #$collectionUnion 1) (#$isa #$CollectionUnionFn #$AssociativeRelation) (#$isa #$CollectionUnionFn #$CollectionDenotingFunction) (#$isa #$CollectionUnionFn #$CollectionDenotingFunction) (#$isa #$CollectionUnionFn #$ReifiableFunction) (#$isa #$CollectionUnionFn #$UnaryFunction) (#$resultGenl #$CollectionUnionFn #$Thing) (#$resultGenl #$CollectionUnionFn #$Thing) (#$resultIsa #$CollectionUnionFn #$Collection) (#$resultIsa #$CollectionUnionFn #$Collection) (#$comment #$CollectorMicrotheory "The collection of all microtheories which collect as #$genlMts a (possibly large) set of other microtheories, but do not have any (non-derived) assertions of their own. A #$CollectorMicrotheory may collect as #$genlMts a set of VocabularyMicrotheories, TopicMicrotheories, or DataMicrotheories, but should not have a mixture of these types as direct #$genlMts.") (#$genls #$CollectorMicrotheory #$Microtheory) (#$isa #$CollectorMicrotheory #$MicrotheoryType) (#$comment #$ColorTingeAttribute "A collection of attributes. Each instance is an attribute characteristic of objects having a tinge of a certain color. For example, #$Purplish is the attribute common to all purplish things, or things that have a tinge of purple color. Every instance of #$Color has some instance of #$ColorTingeAttribute one of its #$genlAttributes. Having a tinge of a certain color must not be confused with being a shade of that color. More precisely, possessing some #$ColorTingeAttribute, XISH, does not imply having the color X. For instance, an object can have the attribute #$Reddish, without having the attribute #$RedColor. Anything which has the attribute #$GrayishReddishBrown-Color has the attribute #$Reddish but lacks the attribute #$RedColor. Many colors have more than one #$ColorTingeAttribute as #$genlAttributes. #$GrayishPink-Color has both #$Grayish and #$Pinkish as #$genlAttributes.") (#$genls #$ColorTingeAttribute #$AttributeValue) (#$isa #$ColorTingeAttribute #$AtemporalNecessarilyEssentialCollectionType) (#$isa #$ColorTingeAttribute #$ObjectType) (#$comment #$CombatAircraft "A specialization of #$MilitaryAircraft. Each instance of #$CombatAircraft is an aircraft designed for use in combat, rather than (for example) for transport or reconnaissance.") (#$genls #$CombatAircraft #$ConventionalWeapon) (#$genls #$CombatAircraft #$Individual) (#$genls #$CombatAircraft #$MilitaryAircraft) (#$isa #$CombatAircraft #$ExistingObjectType) (#$comment #$CombustionProcess "A collection of events. Each #$CombustionProcess is an event in which rapid oxidation is taking place. These always have heat as an output and often involve emission of light as well (typically, flames). The #$objectActedOn in a #$CombustionProcess is at least partly consumed. See also #$Flammability.") (#$genls #$CombustionProcess #$DecompositionProcess) (#$genls #$CombustionProcess #$EnergyConversionProcess) (#$genls #$CombustionProcess #$Individual) (#$isa #$CombustionProcess #$DefaultDisjointScriptType) (#$isa #$CombustionProcess #$TemporalStuffType) (#$keStrongSuggestionPreds #$CombustionProcess #$objectActedOn) (#$arg1Format #$comment #$SetTheFormat) (#$arg1Isa #$comment #$CycLIndexedTerm) (#$arg2Format #$comment #$SetTheFormat) (#$arg2Isa #$comment #$SubLString) (#$argFormat #$comment 1 #$SetTheFormat) (#$argFormat #$comment 2 #$SetTheFormat) (#$argIsa #$comment 1 #$CycLIndexedTerm) (#$argIsa #$comment 1 #$CycLIndexedTerm) (#$argIsa #$comment 2 #$SubLString) (#$argIsa #$comment 2 #$SubLString) (#$arity #$comment 2) (#$comment #$comment "A #$DocumentationPredicate (q.v.) that is used to relate a #$CycLIndexedTerm (usually a #$CycLConstant) to a #$SubLString containing an English explanation of the term's meaning and use, as an aid to humans (whether #$Cyclists or not) browsing the Cyc Knowledge Base. (#$comment TERM STRING) means that STRING is a piece of Cyc documentation that explains the meaning and use of TERM. For example, the passage you are reading now is the comment for the CycL constant `#$comment'. See also #$cyclistNotes.") (#$isa #$comment #$BinaryPredicate) (#$isa #$comment #$CoreConstant) (#$isa #$comment #$DefaultMonotonicPredicate) (#$isa #$comment #$DefinitionalPredicate) (#$isa #$comment #$DistributingMetaKnowledgePredicate) (#$isa #$comment #$DocumentationPredicate) (#$isa #$comment #$OpenCycDefinitionalPredicate) (#$quotedArgument #$comment 1) (#$quotedArgument #$comment 2) (#$completeExtentKnown #$comment) (#$comment #$CommentPrefix-MultipleLine "An instance of #$ProgramSyntaxObject. This token is used, in programming languages that support it, to signal that everything between it and the next occurance of #$CommentSuffix-MultipleLine should be ignored during processing.") (#$isa #$CommentPrefix-MultipleLine #$ProgramSyntaxObject) (#$comment #$CommentPrefix-SingleLine "An instance of #$ProgramSyntaxObject. This token is used, in programming languages that support it, to signal that everything between it and the next newline should be ignored during processing.") (#$isa #$CommentPrefix-SingleLine #$ProgramSyntaxObject) (#$comment #$CommentSuffix-MultipleLine "An instance of #$ProgramSyntaxObject. This token is used, in programming languages that support it, to signal that everything between the last occurance of #$CommentPrefix-MultipleLine and itself should be ignored during processing.") (#$isa #$CommentSuffix-MultipleLine #$ProgramSyntaxObject) (#$comment #$CommercialActivity "This is a large collection of events. As can be seen from its specializations, it embraces all types of buying, selling, offering to sell, offering to buy, requesting bids, performing services for hire, advertising, manufacturing for sale, etc.") (#$genls #$CommercialActivity #$EconomicAction) (#$genls #$CommercialActivity #$HumanActivity) (#$genls #$CommercialActivity #$Individual) (#$genls #$CommercialActivity #$Transaction) (#$isa #$CommercialActivity #$DefaultDisjointScriptType) (#$isa #$CommercialActivity #$TemporalObjectType) (#$siblingDisjointExceptions #$CommercialActivity #$BusinessEvent) (#$siblingDisjointExceptions #$CommercialActivity #$EMailSending) (#$siblingDisjointExceptions #$CommercialActivity #$Evaluating) (#$siblingDisjointExceptions #$CommercialActivity #$MedicalTreatmentEvent) (#$siblingDisjointExceptions #$CommercialActivity #$Negotiating) (#$siblingDisjointExceptions #$CommercialActivity #$Requesting-CommunicationAct) (#$siblingDisjointExceptions #$CommercialActivity #$TemporaryChangeOfUserRights) (#$siblingDisjointExceptions #$CommercialActivity #$TransferringOwnership) (#$siblingDisjointExceptions #$CommercialActivity #$TransferringPossession) (#$comment #$CommercialFishingBoat "A specialization of #$Watercraft-Surface. Each instance of #$CommercialFishingBoat is a watercraft designed to be used in catching fish or other water-dwelling life for some commercial purpose. Some instances of #$CommercialFishingBoat are ocean-going craft, while others are used in rivers and lakes.") (#$disjointWith #$CommercialFishingBoat #$MilitaryWatercraft) (#$disjointWith #$CommercialFishingBoat #$OceanLiner) (#$genls #$CommercialFishingBoat #$Individual) (#$genls #$CommercialFishingBoat #$Watercraft-Surface) (#$isa #$CommercialFishingBoat #$ExistingObjectType) (#$isa #$CommercialFishingBoat #$ProductType) (#$comment #$CommercialOrganization "A specialization of #$Organization. Each instance of #$CommercialOrganization is an organization whose primary goal is to generate a profit for its owners, usually through the buying and selling of goods or services. A given instance of #$CommercialOrganization may also be an instance of #$Business, or it may merely be a sub-organization of some instance of #$Business.") (#$disjointWith #$CommercialOrganization #$GovernmentalOrganization) (#$disjointWith #$CommercialOrganization #$HumanlyOccupiedSpatialObject) (#$disjointWith #$CommercialOrganization #$NonProfitOrganization) (#$genls #$CommercialOrganization #$LegalAgent) (#$genls #$CommercialOrganization #$Organization) (#$isa #$CommercialOrganization #$ExistingObjectType) (#$isa #$CommercialOrganization #$ObjectType) (#$keWeakSuggestionPreds #$CommercialOrganization #$physicalQuarters) (#$siblingDisjointExceptions #$CommercialOrganization #$PrivatelyHeldCorporation) (#$comment #$CommercialServiceOrganization "A specialization of #$CommercialOrganization. Each instance of #$CommercialServiceOrganization is a commercial organization which sells some service(s), rather than tangible goods, as its main product. Some tangible goods may accompany or supplement the main service sold, but only as side products; for example, some instances of #$HairSalon sell hair care products.") (#$disjointWith #$CommercialServiceOrganization #$SportsOrganization) (#$genls #$CommercialServiceOrganization #$CommercialOrganization) (#$genls #$CommercialServiceOrganization #$Individual) (#$genls #$CommercialServiceOrganization #$ServiceOrganization) (#$isa #$CommercialServiceOrganization #$ExistingObjectType) (#$comment #$CommissionedWorker "An instance of #$EmployeeTypeByWorkStatus and specialization of #$Employee. The collection of all instances of #$Employee that are paid on a commission basis for work done. See also #$HourlyWorker and #$SalariedWorker.") (#$genls #$CommissionedWorker #$Employee) (#$genls #$CommissionedWorker #$Individual) (#$isa #$CommissionedWorker #$EmployeeTypeByWorkStatus) (#$isa #$CommissionedWorker #$ExistingObjectType) (#$comment #$CommissiveIllocutionaryForce "A collection of illocutionary forces. If a communication act has an instance of this collection as an attribute, then the communication explains or refers directly to some prospective action that the communication act compels the information sender (see #$senderOfInfo) to perform. Obligation on the information sender (#$senderOfInfo) may depend upon acceptance or confirmation by the communication target (see #$communicationTarget or #$recipientOfInfo) in the communication act. Whether this is the case depends upon which instance of the collection is an attribute of the communication act.") (#$genls #$CommissiveIllocutionaryForce #$AttributeValue) (#$isa #$CommissiveIllocutionaryForce #$AtemporalNecessarilyEssentialCollectionType) (#$isa #$CommissiveIllocutionaryForce #$IllocutionaryForceType) (#$isa #$CommissiveIllocutionaryForce #$ObjectType) (#$arg1Isa #$commitsForFutureUses #$Event) (#$arg1Isa #$commitsForFutureUses #$Event) (#$arg2Format #$commitsForFutureUses #$SetTheFormat) (#$arg2Isa #$commitsForFutureUses #$SomethingExisting) (#$arg2Isa #$commitsForFutureUses #$SomethingExisting) (#$argFormat #$commitsForFutureUses 2 #$SetTheFormat) (#$argIsa #$commitsForFutureUses 1 #$Event) (#$argIsa #$commitsForFutureUses 1 #$Event) (#$argIsa #$commitsForFutureUses 1 #$Event) (#$argIsa #$commitsForFutureUses 2 #$SomethingExisting) (#$argIsa #$commitsForFutureUses 2 #$SomethingExisting) (#$argIsa #$commitsForFutureUses 2 #$SomethingExisting) (#$arity #$commitsForFutureUses 2) (#$comment #$commitsForFutureUses "(#$commitsForFutureUses EVENT OBJECT) means that as a result of EVENT, OBJECT is subsequently put into a configuration and/or a form where it is serving some ongoing #$Role. Things which are re-usable in their typical uses: a videocassette, a battery, a brick, an artist's canvas, a canvas tent. Non-reusable things: paint, glue, mortar. See also #$inputsCommitted, #$recyclableActors. Consider a brick in a wall in a building. It is `committed for future use' in the role of part-of-a-wall in the event of that building existing. While the building is standing, it can't be part-of-a-wall in another building, though it could serve other roles such as an artistic accent, or to anchor a coat-hook. After the building is torn down, that brick might still be intact, and could be used as part-of-a-wall in a future building. Notice that the brick isn't necessarily transformed by being part of a wall. However, so long as OBJECT serves the use to which it is `assigned' by EVENT, OBJECT is unavailable to be assigned the same #$Role by another event of the same type, at least an event that would temporally intersect with this committed use of OBJECT. That is what is meant by it being `committed' for a particular future use. An object may be re-used in a similar event, ONLY IF the #$Role to which it was assigned in EVENT either comes to its natural end or is given up (or thwarted), or in cases where EVENT is composed of discontinous pieces of time --- to illustrate that latter case, consider a tent that's used to shelter a certain group of workers on weekdays, but is used to shelter a different group in a different location on weekends.") (#$genlPreds #$commitsForFutureUses #$preActors) (#$isa #$commitsForFutureUses #$ActorSlot) (#$isa #$commitsForFutureUses #$ActorUseTypeSlot) (#$minimizeExtent #$commitsForFutureUses) (#$comment #$CommodityProduct "Commodities are those products for which the only relevant data are the quantity and the price (and possibly the location). That is, their quality is completely specified or describable in standardized terminology. Thus, fashion clothing is not a commodity, since opinions on it vary, whereas grade A extra large eggs are. The collection of all eggs is covered by various collections that are commodities, but is not itself an instance of commodity.") (#$genls #$CommodityProduct #$Individual) (#$genls #$CommodityProduct #$PartiallyTangibleProduct) (#$isa #$CommodityProduct #$ExistingStuffType) (#$isa #$CommodityProduct #$ProductType) (#$keWeakSuggestionPreds #$CommodityProduct #$mainConstituent) (#$comment #$CommonEnglishMisspellingsMt "A #$Microtheory containing facts about common misspellings of English words. The misspelled form should be associated with an #$EnglishWord using an #$NLSyntacticPredicate. For instance: (#$regularDegree #$Weird-TheWord \"wierd\").") (#$genlMt #$CommonEnglishMisspellingsMt #$BaseKB) (#$genlMt #$CommonEnglishMisspellingsMt #$EnglishMt) (#$genlMt #$CommonEnglishMisspellingsMt #$GeneralLexiconMt) (#$genlMt #$CommonEnglishMisspellingsMt #$GeneralLexiconMt) (#$isa #$CommonEnglishMisspellingsMt #$EnglishLexicalMicrotheory) (#$isa #$CommonEnglishMisspellingsMt #$Microtheory) (#$arg1Format #$commonGenlPreds #$openEntryFormatInArgs) (#$arg1Genl #$commonGenlPreds #$Predicate) (#$arg1Isa #$commonGenlPreds #$PredicateCategory) (#$arg2Format #$commonGenlPreds #$openEntryFormatInArgs) (#$arg2Isa #$commonGenlPreds #$Predicate) (#$argFormat #$commonGenlPreds 1 #$openEntryFormatInArgs) (#$argFormat #$commonGenlPreds 2 #$openEntryFormatInArgs) (#$argGenl #$commonGenlPreds 1 #$Predicate) (#$argGenl #$commonGenlPreds 1 #$Predicate) (#$argIsa #$commonGenlPreds 2 #$Predicate) (#$argIsa #$commonGenlPreds 2 #$Predicate) (#$argIsa #$commonGenlPreds 1 #$PredicateCategory) (#$argIsa #$commonGenlPreds 1 #$PredicateCategory) (#$arity #$commonGenlPreds 2) (#$comment #$commonGenlPreds "A #$RuleMacroPredicate that relates a given predicate-type (see #$PredicateCategory) to any #$Predicate that is a generalization (see #$genlPreds) of all instances of that type. (#$commonGenlPreds PREDTYPE PRED) means that, for any instance PREDINST of PREDTYPE, (#$genlPreds PREDINST PRED) holds. This is equivalent to (#$relationAllInstance #$genlPreds PREDTYPE PRED). Note that #$commonGenlPreds is not to be confused with #$typedGenlPreds (q.v.).") (#$isa #$commonGenlPreds #$BinaryPredicate) (#$isa #$commonGenlPreds #$DefaultMonotonicPredicate) (#$isa #$commonGenlPreds #$RuleMacroPredicate) (#$comment #$CommonLispProgrammingDomainMt "Contains planning knowledge pertaining to writing programs in #$CommonLisp.") (#$genlMt #$CommonLispProgrammingDomainMt #$BaseKB) (#$genlMt #$CommonLispProgrammingDomainMt #$CommonLispProgrammingLanguageMt) (#$genlMt #$CommonLispProgrammingDomainMt #$ProgrammingDomainMt) (#$isa #$CommonLispProgrammingDomainMt #$Microtheory) (#$isa #$CommonLispProgrammingDomainMt #$PlanningDomainMicrotheory) (#$comment #$CommonLispProgrammingLanguageMt "Contains knowledge pertaining to writing programs in #$CommonLisp.") (#$genlMt #$CommonLispProgrammingLanguageMt #$BaseKB) (#$genlMt #$CommonLispProgrammingLanguageMt #$LispSyntaxProgrammingLanguageMt) (#$genlMt #$CommonLispProgrammingLanguageMt #$ProgrammingDomainVocabularyMt) (#$isa #$CommonLispProgrammingLanguageMt #$VocabularyMicrotheory) (#$comment #$CommonLispProgrammingTestMt "A testing microtheory for the #$CommonLispProgrammingDomainMt. This microtheory is the correct context for asserting knowledge of the implementation assumptions the current programmer will make when planning programs. Every programming context needs such a microtheory that is distinct from the programming domain itself, since the only assumption made there is that a particular programming language is being used.") (#$genlMt #$CommonLispProgrammingTestMt #$BaseKB) (#$genlMt #$CommonLispProgrammingTestMt #$CommonLispProgrammingDomainMt) (#$genlMt #$CommonLispProgrammingTestMt #$NameStringDefinitionMt) (#$isa #$CommonLispProgrammingTestMt #$DataMicrotheory) (#$isa #$CommonLispProgrammingTestMt #$PlanningDomainMicrotheory) (#$comment #$CommonWealthEnglishCompositionalPhrasesLexicalMt "The mt for semantic mappings between Cyc terms and english phrases specific to commonwealth english (see #$AmericanEnglishMt and #$CommonWealthEnglishMt for more on the national standards) that can be understood compositionally.") (#$genlMt #$CommonWealthEnglishCompositionalPhrasesLexicalMt #$BaseKB) (#$genlMt #$CommonWealthEnglishCompositionalPhrasesLexicalMt #$CommonWealthEnglishMt) (#$genlMt #$CommonWealthEnglishCompositionalPhrasesLexicalMt #$EnglishCompositionalPhrasesLexicalMt) (#$genlMt #$CommonWealthEnglishCompositionalPhrasesLexicalMt #$GeneralLexiconMt) (#$isa #$CommonWealthEnglishCompositionalPhrasesLexicalMt #$EnglishLexicalMicrotheory) (#$isa #$CommonWealthEnglishCompositionalPhrasesLexicalMt #$Microtheory) (#$comment #$CommonWealthEnglishMt "The mt for semantic mappings between Cyc terms and english words or phrases peculiar to Commonwealth English. Orthographically, Commonwealth English follows British English; semantically there are differences between the different national standards in the common wealth that are represented in the appropriate spec mts. Example: (#$massNumber #$Color-TheWord \"colour\"). See the comment on #$EnglishLexiconMt for more on this and on the other english national standards represented in our lexicon.") (#$genlMt #$CommonWealthEnglishMt #$BaseKB) (#$genlMt #$CommonWealthEnglishMt #$BaseKB) (#$genlMt #$CommonWealthEnglishMt #$EnglishMt) (#$genlMt #$CommonWealthEnglishMt #$GeneralLexiconMt) (#$isa #$CommonWealthEnglishMt #$EnglishLexicalMicrotheory) (#$isa #$CommonWealthEnglishMt #$Language-SpecificMicrotheory) (#$isa #$CommonWealthEnglishMt #$Microtheory) (#$comment #$Communicating "A specialization of #$Action and #$InformationTransferEvent. Each instance of #$Communicating is an event in which the transfer of information between or among agents is a focal action; communicating is the main purpose and/or goal in the event. That may be contrasted with events which involve communication but wherein the focus is different, e.g., playing cards (wherein the progressive actions -- and winning -- of the game are focal). Since #$Communicating is a specialization of #$PurposefulAction, each #$Communicating event must be intentional on the part of the #$senderOfInfo; it may or may not be intentional on the part of the #$recipientOfInfo. Hence, a speaker on a soapbox haranguing an indifferent crowd is performing an instance of #$Communicating. In contrast, Juliet soliloquizing on her balcony, unaware that Romeo is listening to her, is not #$Communicating; this #$InformationTransferEvent would be an instance of #$Eavesdropping. Communicating may be either a one-way or a two-way transfer of information (cf. #$CommunicationAct-Single, #$MultiDirectionalCommunication). Every event belonging to #$Communicating contains at least one transfer of information between at least two agents who participate in the event. (Note that the latter requirement excludes reading and writing from #$Communicating, when those events are just the private accessing or generating of information.) Communicating may be specialized in various ways, such as, by the method or medium used (e.g., #$AudioCommunicating, #$NonVerbalCommunicating, #$FaceToFacePresenceCommunicating); by the type of information involved (e.g., #$MakingAnAgreement); by the purpose of the communication (e.g., #$Teaching, #$Negotiating); by the agents involved (e.g., #$IntraOrganizationCommunication, #$StageProduction). Examples of #$Communicating include a symphony performance, an email message, a telephone call, a speech, a handshake, issuing a traffic ticket -- all of which normally, and focally, involve communication between two or more agents.") (#$genls #$Communicating #$Action) (#$genls #$Communicating #$Individual) (#$genls #$Communicating #$InformationTransferEvent) (#$isa #$Communicating #$TemporalStuffType) (#$requiredArg1Pred #$Communicating #$communicationToken) (#$siblingDisjointExceptions #$Communicating #$InformationGathering) (#$siblingDisjointExceptions #$Communicating #$MarketingActivity) (#$siblingDisjointExceptions #$Communicating #$TemporaryChangeOfUserRights) (#$comment #$CommunicationAct-Single "A collection of information transfer events; a specialization of #$Communicating. Each instance of #$CommunicationAct-Single is a single-source transmission of information from _one_ sender (see the predicate #$senderOfInfo) to one or more recipients (see the predicate #$recipientOfInfo). Every instance of #$CommunicationAct-Single has a transmission sub-event (which is an instance of #$IBTGeneration) and one or more reception sub-events (which are instances of #$AccessingAnIBT). An instance of #$CommunicationAct-Single starts when its transmission sub-event starts and ends when its accessing sub-event(s) end.") (#$genls #$CommunicationAct-Single #$Communicating) (#$genls #$CommunicationAct-Single #$Individual) (#$isa #$CommunicationAct-Single #$TemporalObjectType) (#$subEventTypes #$CommunicationAct-Single #$IBTGeneration) (#$comment #$CommunicationConvention "The collection of conventions used to encode and interpret things which bear information; a syntax together with a semantic mapping. Instances include natural languages like French or English, database data formats, and computer languages or idiosyncratic systems of gestures or symbols known only by a small group of people.") (#$disjointWith #$CommunicationConvention #$Agent-Generic) (#$disjointWith #$CommunicationConvention #$Character-Abstract) (#$genls #$CommunicationConvention #$AbstractInformationalThing) (#$genls #$CommunicationConvention #$Individual) (#$isa #$CommunicationConvention #$TemporalStuffType) (#$comment #$CommunicationsSupportMt "An instance of #$TheoryMicrotheory. This microtheory concerns the concepts of communications and especially concepts pertaining to providing support for communications, e.g. supplying and maintaining the infrastructure (satellites, telephones) necessary for certain kinds of communications to take place.") (#$genlMt #$CommunicationsSupportMt #$BaseKB) (#$genlMt #$CommunicationsSupportMt #$CommunicationsSupportVocabMt) (#$genlMt #$CommunicationsSupportMt #$HumanSocialLifeMt) (#$genlMt #$CommunicationsSupportMt #$ModalityMt) (#$isa #$CommunicationsSupportMt #$TheoryMicrotheory) (#$comment #$CommunicationsSupportVocabMt "The instance of #$VocabularyMicrotheory for defining the terms used in the #$CommunicationsSupportMt.") (#$genlMt #$CommunicationsSupportVocabMt #$BaseKB) (#$genlMt #$CommunicationsSupportVocabMt #$NaivePhysicsVocabularyMt) (#$isa #$CommunicationsSupportVocabMt #$VocabularyMicrotheory) (#$arg1Isa #$communicationTarget #$CommunicationAct-Single) (#$arg1Isa #$communicationTarget #$CommunicationAct-Single) (#$arg2Format #$communicationTarget #$SetTheFormat) (#$arg2Isa #$communicationTarget #$Agent-Generic) (#$arg2Isa #$communicationTarget #$Agent-Generic) (#$argFormat #$communicationTarget 2 #$SetTheFormat) (#$argIsa #$communicationTarget 2 #$Agent-Generic) (#$argIsa #$communicationTarget 2 #$Agent-Generic) (#$argIsa #$communicationTarget 2 #$Agent-Generic) (#$argIsa #$communicationTarget 1 #$CommunicationAct-Single) (#$argIsa #$communicationTarget 1 #$CommunicationAct-Single) (#$argIsa #$communicationTarget 1 #$CommunicationAct-Single) (#$arity #$communicationTarget 2) (#$comment #$communicationTarget "The predicate #$communicationTarget is used to indicate an intended recipient in a communication act. (#$communicationTarget COMM AGENT) means that the agent who originates the #$CommunicationAct-Single COMM intends the #$recipientOfInfo to be AGENT. Note that AGENT may or may not receive the information contained in COMM. To indicate both that AGENT is an intended recipient of COMM, and that AGENT actually receives the information contained in COMM, use the more specialized predicate #$recipientOfInfo-Intended.") (#$genlPreds #$communicationTarget #$target) (#$isa #$communicationTarget #$ActorSlot) (#$minimizeExtent #$communicationTarget) (#$arg1Isa #$communicationToken #$Communicating) (#$arg1Isa #$communicationToken #$Communicating) (#$arg2Format #$communicationToken #$SetTheFormat) (#$arg2Isa #$communicationToken #$InformationBearingThing) (#$arg2Isa #$communicationToken #$InformationBearingThing) (#$argFormat #$communicationToken 2 #$SetTheFormat) (#$argIsa #$communicationToken 1 #$Communicating) (#$argIsa #$communicationToken 1 #$Communicating) (#$argIsa #$communicationToken 1 #$Communicating) (#$argIsa #$communicationToken 2 #$InformationBearingThing) (#$argIsa #$communicationToken 2 #$InformationBearingThing) (#$argIsa #$communicationToken 2 #$InformationBearingThing) (#$arity #$communicationToken 2) (#$comment #$communicationToken "A binary predicate which relates instances of #$Communicating to instances of #$InformationBearingThing. (#$communicationToken COM IBT) means that IBT carries the information transferred in COM and was used to convey that information in COM. IBT may be a tangible object (e.g., a newspaper), a sound (e.g., a voice), an image (e.g., from a television broadcast), or even a touch (e.g., a staying hand).") (#$genlPreds #$communicationToken #$temporallyIntersects) (#$interArgIsa1-2 #$communicationToken #$AudioCommunicating #$SoundInformationBearingThing) (#$isa #$communicationToken #$BinaryRolePredicate) (#$relationAllExists #$communicationToken #$Communicating #$InformationBearingThing) (#$relationAllExistsMin #$communicationToken #$VisualCommunicating #$VisualInformationBearingThing 1) (#$sharedNotes #$communicationToken #$DecidingWhichInstrumentPredicateToUse) (#$comment #$CommunityOrganization "#$CommunityOrganization is a specialization of both #$LocalOrganization and #$OrganizationOfPeopleOnly. Each instance of #$CommunityOrganization is a group that consists of residents of a #$Neighborhood (q.v.) or apartment building or condominium complex, and which is concerned with issues affecting the #$Neighborhood or complex.") (#$genls #$CommunityOrganization #$Individual) (#$genls #$CommunityOrganization #$LocalOrganization) (#$genls #$CommunityOrganization #$OrganizationOfPeopleOnly) (#$isa #$CommunityOrganization #$ExistingObjectType) (#$arg1Isa #$commutativeInArgs #$PartiallyCommutativeRelation) (#$arg2Isa #$commutativeInArgs #$PositiveInteger) (#$arg3Isa #$commutativeInArgs #$PositiveInteger) (#$argAndRestIsa #$commutativeInArgs 2 #$PositiveInteger) (#$argIsa #$commutativeInArgs 1 #$PartiallyCommutativeRelation) (#$argIsa #$commutativeInArgs 1 #$PartiallyCommutativeRelation) (#$argIsa #$commutativeInArgs 2 #$PositiveInteger) (#$argIsa #$commutativeInArgs 2 #$PositiveInteger) (#$argIsa #$commutativeInArgs 3 #$PositiveInteger) (#$argIsa #$commutativeInArgs 3 #$PositiveInteger) (#$arityMin #$commutativeInArgs 3) (#$comment #$commutativeInArgs "A variable-arity #$MetaRelation used for stating that a given #$PartiallyCommutativeRelation (q.v.) is \"commutative\" with respect to two or more specified argument-places. (#$commutativeInArgs RELN ARGNUM-1 ARGNUM-2 ... ARGNUM-N) means that RELN is commutative in its ARGNUM-1th, ARGNUM-2th, ..., and ARGNUM-Nth arguments. Thus RELN admits unrestricted permutation among these arguments. More precisely: (i) if RELN is a #$Predicate that holds of a given argument-sequence SEQ, then RELN also holds of any other sequence SEQ-PERMUTE obtainable from SEQ by permuting some or all of SEQ's ARGNUM-1th, ARGNUM-2th, ..., and ARGNUM-Nth items (while leaving all of SEQ's other items unchanged). (ii) if RELN is a #$Function-Denotational that associates a given argument-sequence SEQ with the value VALUE, then RELN also associates any sequence SEQ-PERMUTE (as described above) with VALUE. For example, (#$commutativeInArgs #$formsBorderBetween 2 3) has as a consequence that whenever a sentence of the form (#$formsBorderBetween BORDER REG1 REG2) holds, so does the corresponding sentence of the form (#$formsBorderBetween BORDER REG2 REG1). Note that since RELN is constrained to be an instance of #$PartiallyCommutativeRelation, it cannot be commutative with respect to _all_ of its argument-places taken together; i.e. ARGNUM-1 ARGNUM-2 ... ARGNUM-N should not include all integers from 1 up to and including the arity of RELN. (Though this does not preclude the possibility of each of RELN's argument-places being commutative with _some_ argument-place or other: RELN could (e.g.) be quaternary and such that its first argument commuted with its second while its third argument commuted with its fourth. See also #$commutativeInArgsAndRest.)") (#$interArgDifferent #$commutativeInArgs 2 3) (#$interArgDifferent #$commutativeInArgs 2 4) (#$interArgDifferent #$commutativeInArgs 3 4) (#$interArgDifferent #$commutativeInArgs 2 5) (#$interArgDifferent #$commutativeInArgs 3 5) (#$interArgDifferent #$commutativeInArgs 4 5) (#$isa #$commutativeInArgs #$CoreConstant) (#$isa #$commutativeInArgs #$DefaultMonotonicPredicate) (#$isa #$commutativeInArgs #$MetaRelation) (#$isa #$commutativeInArgs #$PartiallyCommutativeRelation) (#$isa #$commutativeInArgs #$VariableArityRelation) (#$arg1Format #$commutativeInArgsAndRest #$openEntryFormatInArgs) (#$arg1Isa #$commutativeInArgsAndRest #$PartiallyCommutativeRelation) (#$arg2Format #$commutativeInArgsAndRest #$singleEntryFormatInArgs) (#$arg2Isa #$commutativeInArgsAndRest #$PositiveInteger) (#$argAndRestIsa #$commutativeInArgsAndRest 2 #$PositiveInteger) (#$argFormat #$commutativeInArgsAndRest 1 #$openEntryFormatInArgs) (#$argFormat #$commutativeInArgsAndRest 2 #$singleEntryFormatInArgs) (#$argIsa #$commutativeInArgsAndRest 1 #$PartiallyCommutativeRelation) (#$argIsa #$commutativeInArgsAndRest 1 #$PartiallyCommutativeRelation) (#$argIsa #$commutativeInArgsAndRest 2 #$PositiveInteger) (#$argIsa #$commutativeInArgsAndRest 2 #$PositiveInteger) (#$arityMin #$commutativeInArgsAndRest 2) (#$comment #$commutativeInArgsAndRest "A variable-arity #$MetaRelation used for stating that a given #$PartiallyCommutativeRelation (q.v.) is \"commutative\" with respect to two or more argument-places, including all argument-places that come after the ordinally highest one that is explicitly specified. (#$commutativeInArgsAndRest RELN ARGNUM-1 ARGNUM-2 ... ARGNUM-N) means that RELN is commutative in its ARGNUM-1th, ARGNUM-2th, ..., and ARGNUM-Nth arguments-places, along with any of its argument-places whose ordinal positions are greater than the greatest of the ARGNUM-i. Thus RELN admits unrestricted permutation among any of these arguments. More precisely (and assuming without loss of generality that ARGNUM-N is the numerically greatest of the ARGNUM-i): (i) if RELN is a #$Predicate that holds of a given argument-sequence SEQ, then RELN also holds of any other sequence SEQ-PERMUTE obtainable from SEQ by permuting some or all of SEQ's ARGNUM-1th, ARGNUM-2th, ..., ARGNUM-Nth, and subsequent items (while leaving all of SEQ's other items unchanged). (ii) if RELN is a #$Function-Denotational that associates a given argument-sequence SEQ with the value VALUE, then RELN also associates any sequence SEQ-PERMUTE (as described above) with VALUE. For example, (#$commutativeInArgsAndRest #$commutativeInArgsAndRest 2) has as a consequence that whenever a sentence of the form (#$commutativeInArgsAndRest RELN 2 3 5) holds, so do the corresponding sentences (#$commutativeInArgsAndRest RELN 2 5 3), (#$commutativeInArgsAndRest RELN 3 2 5), and so on. Note that since RELN is an instance of #$PartiallyCommutativeRelation, it must have at least two argument-places that are commutative with each other and at least one that is _not_ commutative with any other argument-place. See also #$commutativeInArgs.") (#$genlPreds #$commutativeInArgsAndRest #$commutativeInArgs) (#$isa #$commutativeInArgsAndRest #$CoreConstant) (#$isa #$commutativeInArgsAndRest #$PartiallyCommutativeRelation) (#$isa #$commutativeInArgsAndRest #$Predicate) (#$isa #$commutativeInArgsAndRest #$VariableArityRelation) (#$comment #$CommutativeRelation "A collection of #$Relations and an instance of #$RelationTypeByLogicalFeature (q.v.). Each instance of #$CommutativeRelation COMREL is a predicate or function that is commutative in all of its argument-places. That is, if COMREL is a predicate (function) that holds among (has the value VAL for) a given sequence of arguments, then COMREL also holds among (has the same value VAL for) any permutation of that sequence. Instances include #$PlusFn, #$or, #$bordersOn, #$temporallyIntersects, and #$teammates. Specialization include #$SymmetricBinaryPredicate. Note that most relations are _not_ commutative. See also #$PartiallyCommutativeRelation.") (#$disjointWith #$CommutativeRelation #$PartiallyCommutativeRelation) (#$disjointWith #$CommutativeRelation #$UnaryRelation) (#$genls #$CommutativeRelation #$Relation) (#$genls #$CommutativeRelation #$Relation) (#$isa #$CommutativeRelation #$AtemporalNecessarilyEssentialCollectionType) (#$isa #$CommutativeRelation #$Collection) (#$isa #$CommutativeRelation #$CoreConstant) (#$isa #$CommutativeRelation #$RelationTypeByLogicalFeature) (#$comment #$Companionship-Feeling "The collection of feelings of comradery, companionship") (#$genls #$Companionship-Feeling #$Friendliness) (#$isa #$Companionship-Feeling #$AtemporalNecessarilyEssentialCollectionType) (#$isa #$Companionship-Feeling #$FeelingType) (#$comment #$ComparisonPredicate "#$ComparisonPredicates are predicates used to represent comparisons between things. Although the distinction between relationships that compare and those that do not is not a sharp one, there are a large number of cases where people would agree that things are being compared when they stand in such-and-such relations, and there are a large number of cases where people would agree that things are not being compared when they stand in thus-and-so other relations. For example, GAFs using #$similarTo in arg0 represent a comparison between the things in arg1 and arg2, whereas GAFs using #$doneBy do not represent a comparison between the things in arg1 and arg2. One use for this distinction might be to narrow the range of appropriate predicates used to parse expressions such as ' is ____er than '. An important subcollection is #$ComparisonWRTPredicate.") (#$genls #$ComparisonPredicate #$Predicate) (#$isa #$ComparisonPredicate #$PredicateCategory) (#$comment #$ComparisonWRTPredicate "The instances of #$ComparisonWRTPredicate are designed to represent English sentences in which at least two things are explicitly compared with respect to some feature in virtue of which these two things are similar, different, greater, lesser, etc. The respect of comparison serves as an explanation of why/how the two things being compared are similar, different, etc. If it makes no sense to ask for this sort of explanation of a comparison relation, then it is not an instance of #$ComparisonWRTPredicate. For example, #$NumericComparisons such as #$greaterThan are not #$ComparisonWRTPredicates because it doesn't make sense to ask why/how (#$greaterThan 5 3). A positive example is #$similarWRTTypeViaBinRel because it is used to represent the fact that two things are similar in virtue of the fact that they bear the same relation to similar instances of a given collection. #$similarTo and #$different are negative examples because they do not specify any respect in virtue of which the things in arg1 and arg2 are similar or different. The collection #$ComparisonWRTPredicate can be used to constrain Asks designed to return assertions that represent known comparisons between two specified things. Two important subcollections are #$SimilarityWRTPredicate and #$DifferenceWRTPredicate.") (#$genls #$ComparisonWRTPredicate #$ComparisonPredicate) (#$genls #$ComparisonWRTPredicate #$Predicate) (#$isa #$ComparisonWRTPredicate #$PredicateCategory) (#$arg1Format #$competingAgents #$SetTheFormat) (#$arg1Isa #$competingAgents #$Competition) (#$arg1Isa #$competingAgents #$Competition) (#$arg2Format #$competingAgents #$SetTheFormat) (#$arg2Isa #$competingAgents #$Agent) (#$arg2Isa #$competingAgents #$Agent) (#$argFormat #$competingAgents 1 #$SetTheFormat) (#$argFormat #$competingAgents 2 #$SetTheFormat) (#$argIsa #$competingAgents 2 #$Agent) (#$argIsa #$competingAgents 2 #$Agent) (#$argIsa #$competingAgents 2 #$Agent) (#$argIsa #$competingAgents 1 #$Competition) (#$argIsa #$competingAgents 1 #$Competition) (#$argIsa #$competingAgents 1 #$Competition) (#$arity #$competingAgents 2) (#$comment #$competingAgents "(#$competingAgents COMPETITION AGENT) means that the AGENT is a competitor in the contest or competition COMPETITION, and thus has a chance of being a winner of the competition. This excludes many participants of such events, such as referees, judges, and spectators. If the COMPETITION is a team competition, the individual team members are also excluded.") (#$genlPreds #$competingAgents #$majorUndertakingsOf) (#$genlPreds #$competingAgents #$socialParticipants) (#$isa #$competingAgents #$ActorSlot) (#$isa #$competingAgents #$AgentiveRole) (#$isa #$competingAgents #$BinaryPredicate) (#$negationPreds #$competingAgents #$judicialAgents) (#$relationAllExistsMin #$competingAgents #$Competition #$IntelligentAgent 2) (#$minimizeExtent #$competingAgents) (#$minimizeExtent #$competingAgents) (#$comment #$Competition "A specialization of #$ConflictEvent. An instance of #$Competition is a conflict event that typically involves one or more agents who are each striving to attain a certain goal uniquely or to outdo the other competitors with respect to some game or task. Examples include arm wrestling contests, football games, fighting for prey, competitive courting, racing events, and spelling bees. Note that it is possible for the competitors in a competition to be unaware that a competition has been going on until after it is over (e.g. the first year a \"Best Restaurant in Town\" award is given out in a particular city). See also #$competingAgents.") (#$genls #$Competition #$ConflictEvent) (#$genls #$Competition #$Individual) (#$genls #$Competition #$PurposefulAction) (#$genls #$Competition #$PurposefulAction) (#$isa #$Competition #$TemporalObjectType) (#$arg1Isa #$completeCollectionExtent #$SetOrCollection) (#$argIsa #$completeCollectionExtent 1 #$SetOrCollection) (#$argIsa #$completeCollectionExtent 1 #$SetOrCollection) (#$arity #$completeCollectionExtent 1) (#$comment #$completeCollectionExtent "(#$completeCollectionExtent COLL) means that if the KB does not state that some X is an instance of COLL, there is an argument that it is not. This is stronger than the minimization of collection extent done by the ISA module when *negation-by-failure* is non-nil, because it results in a stronger argument against membership in COLL. #$completeCollectionExtent is most likely to be used within a particular microtheory to state that that Mt has a complete record of instances of a certain collection. See also #$completeExtentKnown and #$completeExtentKnownForArg.") (#$isa #$completeCollectionExtent #$CoreConstant) (#$isa #$completeCollectionExtent #$UnaryPredicate) (#$completeExtentKnown #$completeCollectionExtent) (#$arg1Format #$completeExtentKnown #$SetTheFormat) (#$arg1Isa #$completeExtentKnown #$Predicate) (#$argFormat #$completeExtentKnown 1 #$SetTheFormat) (#$argIsa #$completeExtentKnown 1 #$Predicate) (#$argIsa #$completeExtentKnown 1 #$Predicate) (#$arity #$completeExtentKnown 1) (#$comment #$completeExtentKnown "An instance of both #$MetaKnowledgePredicate and #$MetaPredicate (qq.v.) that is used to state that the Cyc system \"knows\" the complete extention (see #$relationExtension) of a given predicate, in the strong sense that this information is directly contained in the Cyc Knowledge Base in the form of asserted ground atomic formulas, or \"GAF\"s (see #$CycLClosedAtomicSentence). (#$completeExtentKnown PRED) means that, for any sequence of things such that (PRED THING1 ... THINGn) holds, the fact that this holds is expressed by some GAF that is asserted in the KB. The practical import of asserting (#$completeExtentKnown PRED) is that, if a given PRED-based GAF (PRED ARG1 ... ARGn) is not already in the KB, then the system \"assumes\" that it is not true, and will conclude that its negation (#$not (PRED ARG1 ... ARGn)) is true. Note that a #$completeExtentKnown assertion is stronger than the corresponding #$minimizeExtent (q.v.) assertion would be, in that the former does not require that the #$CycInferenceEngine attempt to deduce (PRED ARG1 ... ARGn) before concluding that it is not true. See also #$completeExtentKnownForArg and #$completeCollectionExtent.") (#$isa #$completeExtentKnown #$CoreConstant) (#$isa #$completeExtentKnown #$DefaultMonotonicPredicate) (#$isa #$completeExtentKnown #$MetaKnowledgePredicate) (#$isa #$completeExtentKnown #$MetaPredicate) (#$isa #$completeExtentKnown #$MetaPredicate) (#$isa #$completeExtentKnown #$OpenCycDefinitionalPredicate) (#$isa #$completeExtentKnown #$UnaryPredicate) (#$comment #$CompletelyCloudCovered "A instance of #$DegreeOfCloudiness and a specialization of #$OutdoorLocation. Each instance is an #$OutdoorLocation that is so clouded over with a uniform layer grey or white clouds that direct sunlight is blocked out. There are no shadows, the shape or exact location of the sun or moon is impossible to identify.") (#$genls #$CompletelyCloudCovered #$Cloudy) (#$genls #$CompletelyCloudCovered #$Individual) (#$genls #$CompletelyCloudCovered #$OutdoorLocation) (#$isa #$CompletelyCloudCovered #$DegreeOfCloudiness) (#$isa #$CompletelyCloudCovered #$ExistingStuffType) (#$comment #$ComplexActionPredicate "A specialization of #$ActionPredicate (q.v.). Each instance of #$ComplexActionPredicate is such that a task specification formed with it may decompose into further actions, in contrast to specifications formed with instances of #$SimpleActionPredicate (q.v.). By convention, expressions that denote relations that are typically instances of #$ComplexActionPredicate are characterized by having the prefix \"do\", whereas expressions that denote relations that are typically instances of #$SimpleActionPredicate lack this prefix. Note, however, that whether a predicate is an instance of #$SimpleActionPredicate or #$ComplexActionPredicate depends on context.") (#$genls #$ComplexActionPredicate #$ActionPredicate) (#$genls #$ComplexActionPredicate #$DecomposableSituationPredicate) (#$isa #$ComplexActionPredicate #$Collection) (#$isa #$ComplexActionPredicate #$PredicateCategory) (#$isa COMPLEXACTIONPREDICATE #$PredicateCategory) (#$comment #$ComplexNumber "A specialization of both #$Number-General and #$NTupleOfIntervals. Each instance of #$ComplexNumber can be thought of as a vector of two numbers, which are usually called the real part and the imaginary part of the complex number. Complex numbers may also be considered as corresponding to points in the real plane, where the x axis determines the real component of a complex number and the y axis the imaginary component. The unit value on the real number line is 1, the unit value on the imaginary number line is the square root of -1, generally written `i' in mathematics and `j' in engineering.") (#$genls #$ComplexNumber #$NTupleOfIntervals) (#$genls #$ComplexNumber #$Number-General) (#$isa #$ComplexNumber #$ObjectType) (#$comment #$ComplexPhysicalObject "Complex physical objects are divisible into (usually well-defined) parts.") (#$genls #$ComplexPhysicalObject #$Individual) (#$genls #$ComplexPhysicalObject #$PartiallyTangible) (#$isa #$ComplexPhysicalObject #$ExistingObjectType) (#$comment #$ComplexTemporalPredicate "A specialization of #$TemporalPredicate (q.v.) whose instances relate temporal things other than (but possibly including) individual time points. Thus, each instance of #$ComplexTemporalPredicate has both its argument-places constrained to instances (see #$argIsa) of #$TemporalThing or some specialization thereof (and at least one of these constraints must be broader than #$TimePoint). A complex temporal predicate might be used to relate events, tangible objects, proper time intervals, and so forth. Instances include #$temporallyIntersects and #$startsAfterStartingOf. Compare #$PrimitiveTemporalPredicate.") (#$genls #$ComplexTemporalPredicate #$BinaryPredicate) (#$genls #$ComplexTemporalPredicate #$ObjectPredicate) (#$genls #$ComplexTemporalPredicate #$TemporalPredicate) (#$isa #$ComplexTemporalPredicate #$AtemporalNecessarilyEssentialCollectionType) (#$isa #$ComplexTemporalPredicate #$PredicateCategory) (#$comment #$CompositeDataType "A specialization of #$ComputerDataType. The collection of all data types that are compositional in nature, usually consisting of several named data fields. Examples include structs in #$C-ComputerLanguage and objects in #$JavaProgrammingLanguage.") (#$genls #$CompositeDataType #$ComputerDataType) (#$genls #$CompositeDataType #$LinguisticObjectType) (#$isa #$CompositeDataType #$CollectionType) (#$isa #$CompositeDataType #$SecondOrderCollection) (#$arg1Isa #$compositeFieldFormat #$TheTerm) (#$arg2Isa #$compositeFieldFormat #$Collection) (#$arg3Isa #$compositeFieldFormat #$List) (#$argIsa #$compositeFieldFormat 2 #$Collection) (#$argIsa #$compositeFieldFormat 3 #$List) (#$argIsa #$compositeFieldFormat 3 #$List) (#$argIsa #$compositeFieldFormat 1 #$TheTerm) (#$arity #$compositeFieldFormat 3) (#$comment #$compositeFieldFormat "This predicate is used to express how to either a) derive the value of a #$compositeFields by combining the values for two or more explicit fields, or b) derive the values of #$containedFields by extracting them from one explicitField. (#$compositeFieldFormat FIELD METHOD LIST-O-FIELDS) means that the value of the #$LogicalField FIELD is composed of the values of the fields in LIST-O-FIELDS, according the the #$FieldCombiningMethod METHOD.") (#$isa #$compositeFieldFormat #$TernaryPredicate) (#$arg1Isa #$compositeParts #$CompositeTangibleAndIntangibleObject) (#$arg2Format #$compositeParts #$SetTheFormat) (#$arg2Isa #$compositeParts #$CompositeTangibleAndIntangibleObject) (#$argFormat #$compositeParts 2 #$SetTheFormat) (#$argIsa #$compositeParts 1 #$CompositeTangibleAndIntangibleObject) (#$argIsa #$compositeParts 1 #$CompositeTangibleAndIntangibleObject) (#$argIsa #$compositeParts 2 #$CompositeTangibleAndIntangibleObject) (#$argIsa #$compositeParts 2 #$CompositeTangibleAndIntangibleObject) (#$arity #$compositeParts 2) (#$comment #$compositeParts "This predicate relates a given composite-tangible-and-intangible object to any other such objects that are parts of the first. (#$compositeParts WHOLE PART) means that WHOLE and PART are both #$CompositeTangibleAndIntangibleObjects such that PART is a part of WHOLE.") (#$genlPreds #$compositeParts #$parts) (#$genlPreds #$compositeParts #$temporallyIntersects) (#$isa #$compositeParts #$AntiSymmetricBinaryPredicate) (#$isa #$compositeParts #$CotemporalObjectsSlot) (#$isa #$compositeParts #$PartPredicate) (#$isa #$compositeParts #$ReflexiveBinaryPredicate) (#$isa #$compositeParts #$TransitiveBinaryPredicate) (#$typedGenlPreds #$compositeParts #$parts) (#$comment #$CompositePhysicalAndMentalEvent "A specialization of both #$AtLeastPartiallyMentalEvent and #$PhysicalEvent. Each instance of #$CompositePhysicalAndMentalEvent is an event that involves some mental event(s), as well as some interaction between physical objects. Examples include a news broadcast program, a court trial, someone inheriting property, someone writing a letter, a physical examination, and a charity ball.") (#$genls #$CompositePhysicalAndMentalEvent #$AtLeastPartiallyMentalEvent) (#$genls #$CompositePhysicalAndMentalEvent #$Individual) (#$genls #$CompositePhysicalAndMentalEvent #$PhysicalEvent) (#$isa #$CompositePhysicalAndMentalEvent #$TemporalStuffType) (#$comment #$CompositeScalarInterval "A specialization of #$ScalarInterval. Each instance of #$CompositeScalarInterval is an attribute that is essentially a vector with many dimensions. Instances of #$Color are good examples; colors have intensity, hue, and saturation as independent dimensions.") (#$genls #$CompositeScalarInterval #$ScalarInterval) (#$isa #$CompositeScalarInterval #$AtemporalNecessarilyEssentialCollectionType) (#$comment #$CompositeScalarIntervalType "A collection of collections. Every instance of #$CompositeScalarIntervalType is a specialization of #$CompositeScalarInterval (q.v.).") (#$genls #$CompositeScalarIntervalType #$ObjectType) (#$isa #$CompositeScalarIntervalType #$CollectionType) (#$isa #$CompositeScalarIntervalType #$CollectionType) (#$isa #$CompositeScalarIntervalType #$SecondOrderCollection) (#$comment #$CompositeTangibleAndIntangibleObject "The collection of individuals that have both a tangible and an intangible component. Instances include people (who have bodies and minds), information bearing objects (which consist of intangible information encoded in a tangible object, such as the music on a CD or the text in a book), and many other things. Each instance of #$CompositeTangibleAndIntangibleObject, being partially tangible, exists in time (see #$TemporalThing). Although occasionally it can be useful to reify separately the tangible and intangible components of a composite object (e.g. to state certain things about Lenin's body as opposed to his mind), in most cases it is sufficient simply to reify the composite.") (#$genls #$CompositeTangibleAndIntangibleObject #$Individual) (#$genls #$CompositeTangibleAndIntangibleObject #$PartiallyIntangibleIndividual) (#$genls #$CompositeTangibleAndIntangibleObject #$PartiallyTangible) (#$isa #$CompositeTangibleAndIntangibleObject #$ExistingObjectType) (#$requiredArg1Pred #$CompositeTangibleAndIntangibleObject #$intangibleComponent) (#$comment #$ComputationalObject "A specialization of both #$MathematicalOrComputationalThing and #$IntangibleIndividual. Each instance of #$ComputationalObject is a syntactically structured form, such as a Cyc system expression, a Lisp string, a C variable name, or an equation in a particular canonical form format.") (#$disjointWith #$ComputationalObject #$SpatialThing) (#$genls #$ComputationalObject #$Individual) (#$genls #$ComputationalObject #$IntangibleIndividual) (#$genls #$ComputationalObject #$MathematicalOrComputationalThing) (#$isa #$ComputationalObject #$ObjectType) (#$comment #$ComputationalSystem "A specialization of #$InformationBearingObject and #$PoweredDevice. Each instance of this collection is a system used for computing purposes. It includes as specializations both #$Computer and #$ComputerNetwork. Anything that can be said about both collections can more efficiently be stated about this collection. For example, instead of saying that system administrators maintain instances of #$Computer and #$ComputerNetwork, one can simply say that system administrators maintain instances of #$ComputationalSystem.") (#$genls #$ComputationalSystem #$ConnectedPathSystem) (#$genls #$ComputationalSystem #$Individual) (#$genls #$ComputationalSystem #$InformationBearingObject) (#$genls #$ComputationalSystem #$PoweredDevice) (#$isa #$ComputationalSystem #$ExistingObjectType) (#$comment #$Computer "A specialization of #$ComputationalSystem, #$ElectronicDevice, and #$ComputerHardwareItem. Each instance of #$Computer is an electronic device that acts on input according to some set of instructions (often in the form of software -- see #$ComputerProgram-CW) producing some output. Instances of #$Computer have specialized parts to handle input and output (sometimes peripherals like screens and keyboards, sometimes just input-output terminals on a chip), storage (internal memory and external storage such as disk drives), and reasoning (see #$CentralProcessingUnit). The more specialized collection #$PersonalComputer is the collection of the popular archetypes of what a computer is (e.g., desktop, laptop, and palm computers); however, instances of #$Computer are incorporated into many devices (e.g., cars, cameras, and VCRs). Hydraulic computers, analog computers, biological computers, etc. are not instances of this collection because #$Computer is a specialization of #$ElectronicDevice.") (#$genls #$Computer #$AccountSystem) (#$genls #$Computer #$ComputationalSystem) (#$genls #$Computer #$ComputerHardwareItem) (#$genls #$Computer #$Individual) (#$isa #$Computer #$ExistingObjectType) (#$isa #$Computer #$ProductType) (#$comment #$ComputerActivity "A collection of events, and a specialization of both #$Action and #$PhysicalEvent. In each instance of #$ComputerActivity, at least one instance of #$Computer is somehow involved. An instance of #$Person may or may not be involved. (Instances of #$ComputerActivity where no #$Person is involved fall under the more specialized collection #$ComputerProcessRunning.) A wide variety of activities falls into this collection - from sending an email (see the more specialized collection #$EMailSending), to scanning a set of ports (see #$PortScan), to a computer crash (see #$ComputerCrashing). A situation where someone took to a computer with an axe would also fulfil the requirements for being an instance of #$ComputerActivity, though (hopefully) in an unusual and 'degenerate' sense.") (#$genls #$ComputerActivity #$Action) (#$genls #$ComputerActivity #$Individual) (#$genls #$ComputerActivity #$PhysicalEvent) (#$isa #$ComputerActivity #$TemporalObjectType) (#$comment #$ComputerArchitectureAttribute "A specialization of #$ComputerHardwareAttribute. Each instance of this collection is a variety of computer processor architecture -- for instance #$X86ProcessorArchitecture. Notable specializations of this collection are #$RISCArchitecture and #$CISCArchitecture.") (#$genls #$ComputerArchitectureAttribute #$AttributeValue) (#$isa #$ComputerArchitectureAttribute #$AtemporalNecessarilyEssentialCollectionType) (#$isa #$ComputerArchitectureAttribute #$ObjectType) (#$comment #$ComputerCode-Source "The collection of all computer source code written in any computer language.") (#$genls #$ComputerCode-Source #$AbstractInformationStructure) (#$genls #$ComputerCode-Source #$Individual) (#$isa #$ComputerCode-Source #$ConventionalClassificationType) (#$isa #$ComputerCode-Source #$LinguisticObjectType) (#$comment #$ComputerDataStructure "A specialization of #$ComputerAIS. Each instance of #$ComputerDataStructure is data structured in such a way that when it is stored a computer can use it efficiently. Important specializations include #$Array-DataStructure and #$HashTable-DataStructure.") (#$genls #$ComputerDataStructure #$Individual) (#$genls #$ComputerDataStructure #$ProgramObject) (#$genls #$ComputerDataStructure #$StructuredInformationSource) (#$isa #$ComputerDataStructure #$CompositeDataType) (#$isa #$ComputerDataStructure #$ObjectType) (#$comment #$ComputerDataType "The collection of all data types found in programming languages. Every instance of this collection should be a specialization of #$ProgramObject.") (#$genls #$ComputerDataType #$LinguisticObjectType) (#$isa #$ComputerDataType #$CollectionType) (#$isa #$ComputerDataType #$CollectionType) (#$isa #$ComputerDataType #$SecondOrderCollection) (#$comment #$ComputereseLexicalMt "This lexical microtheory contains lexical information about words and usages that are limited to topics related to computers. See also #$CyclishMt for terminology specific to #$Cyc.") (#$genlMt #$ComputereseLexicalMt #$BaseKB) (#$genlMt #$ComputereseLexicalMt #$ComputerGMt) (#$genlMt #$ComputereseLexicalMt #$EnglishMt) (#$genlMt #$ComputereseLexicalMt #$GeneralLexiconMt) (#$isa #$ComputereseLexicalMt #$EnglishLexicalMicrotheory) (#$isa #$ComputereseLexicalMt #$Microtheory) (#$comment #$ComputerFile-Abstract "In some respects and in some domains (notably, #$ComputerSecurityMt) it is sometimes more convenient and more natural to represent computer files as instances of #$ConceptualWork. This enables #$Cyclists to adapt existing, program-(#$ConceptualWork) oriented vocabulary to represent files. On the other hand, in some respects (notably when dealing with encryption) it is sometimes more convenient and natural to represent computer files as instances of #$AbstractInformationStructure. Thus we have two collections, #$ComputerFile-AIS and #$ComputerFile-CW. This collection, #$ComputerFile-Abstract, serves as the union of these two collections in order that there might be some vocabulary which can apply to both collections (e.g., #$fileFoundOnComputer).") (#$genls #$ComputerFile-Abstract #$AbstractInformationalThing) (#$genls #$ComputerFile-Abstract #$Individual) (#$isa #$ComputerFile-Abstract #$ObjectType) (#$comment #$ComputerFileCopy "A specialization of #$InformationBearingThing. Each instance of #$ComputerFileCopy is an IBT that contains digitally coded information readable by a computer. Examples include individual image files, text files, sound files and executables (instances of #$ComputerProgramCopy) that are stored on some #$ComputerStorageDevice. Instances of #$ComputerFileCopy are actual physical objects or events (e.g., the magnetic domains, holes in a piece of paper, or voltage fluctuations in a device corresponding to bits or bytes) which encode information.") (#$genls #$ComputerFileCopy #$Artifact-NonAgentive) (#$genls #$ComputerFileCopy #$Individual) (#$genls #$ComputerFileCopy #$InformationBearingThing) (#$genls #$ComputerFileCopy #$InformationBearingThing) (#$genls #$ComputerFileCopy #$SomethingExisting) (#$isa #$ComputerFileCopy #$ExistingObjectType) (#$isa #$ComputerFileCopy #$TemporalStuffType) (#$comment #$ComputerFile-CW "#$ComputerFile-CW is a collection of conceptual works. Each instance of #$ComputerFile-CW is abstract information that was created at a particular time to be stored on a computer or on media that is readable by a computer. Commonly, files are either programs or data or both. Instances of this collection have associated #$ComputerFile-AISes and #$fileCopies. A physical instantiation of a #$ComputerFile-CW is a #$ComputerFileCopy which is an #$InformationBearingThing. Notable specializations include #$ComputerProgram-CW and #$FileDirectory.") (#$genls #$ComputerFile-CW #$ComputerFile-Abstract) (#$genls #$ComputerFile-CW #$ConceptualWork) (#$genls #$ComputerFile-CW #$Individual) (#$isa #$ComputerFile-CW #$ObjectType) (#$comment #$ComputerGMt "The general microtheory for information relevant to general computer-specific knowledge. #$ComputerGMt has several significant specializations: #$ComputerRunningMt contains computer knowledge that is relevant primarily to operating computers; #$ComputerHardwareMt contains knowledge specific to the hardware a computer is composed of; #$ComputerSoftwareMt contains knowledge specific to software that can run on a computer.") (#$genlMt #$ComputerGMt #$BaseKB) (#$genlMt #$ComputerGMt #$BaseKB) (#$genlMt #$ComputerGMt #$ComputerGVocabularyMt) (#$genlMt #$ComputerGMt #$InformationGMt) (#$isa #$ComputerGMt #$GeneralMicrotheory) (#$isa #$ComputerGMt #$TheoryMicrotheory) (#$comment #$ComputerGVocabularyMt "The #$VocabularyMicrotheory for #$ComputerGMt.") (#$genlMt #$ComputerGVocabularyMt #$BaseKB) (#$genlMt #$ComputerGVocabularyMt #$InformationGVocabularyMt) (#$isa #$ComputerGVocabularyMt #$VocabularyMicrotheory) (#$comment #$ComputerHardwareItem "A specialization of #$ElectronicDevice and #$ComputerProduct. Each instance of this collection is either an entire #$Computer, or a device used with or in computers to accomplish some computing-related task (for instance, computer terminals, printers, keyboards, etc.).") (#$disjointWith #$ComputerHardwareItem #$ConsumableProduct) (#$disjointWith #$ComputerHardwareItem #$TransportationDevice) (#$genls #$ComputerHardwareItem #$Artifact-Generic) (#$genls #$ComputerHardwareItem #$ElectronicDevice) (#$genls #$ComputerHardwareItem #$Individual) (#$genls #$ComputerHardwareItem #$Product) (#$isa #$ComputerHardwareItem #$ExistingObjectType) (#$isa #$ComputerHardwareItem #$ProductType) (#$comment #$ComputerHardwareMt "Contains knowledge specific to the hardware a computer is composed of.") (#$genlMt #$ComputerHardwareMt #$BaseKB) (#$genlMt #$ComputerHardwareMt #$BaseKB) (#$genlMt #$ComputerHardwareMt #$ComputerGMt) (#$genlMt #$ComputerHardwareMt #$ComputerHardwareVocabularyMt) (#$isa #$ComputerHardwareMt #$GeneralMicrotheory) (#$isa #$ComputerHardwareMt #$TheoryMicrotheory) (#$comment #$ComputerHardwareVocabularyMt "The #$VocabularyMicrotheory for #$ComputerHardwareMt.") (#$genlMt #$ComputerHardwareVocabularyMt #$BaseKB) (#$genlMt #$ComputerHardwareVocabularyMt #$ComputerGVocabularyMt) (#$isa #$ComputerHardwareVocabularyMt #$VocabularyMicrotheory) (#$comment #$ComputerInterfaceDevice "A specialization of #$ElectronicDevice. Each instance of this collection is a device that allows a user to communicate with a #$Computer. One sigificant specialization of #$ComputerInterfaceDevices is #$ComputerInputDevice -- with its subsets #$ComputerKeyboard, #$Scanner-Optical, #$ComputerMouse, etc. Another is #$ComputerOutputDevice -- with its subsets #$MonitorPort, #$ComputerMonitor-Color, etc.") (#$genls #$ComputerInterfaceDevice #$ComputerHardwareItem) (#$genls #$ComputerInterfaceDevice #$Individual) (#$isa #$ComputerInterfaceDevice #$ExistingObjectType) (#$isa #$ComputerInterfaceDevice #$ProductType) (#$arg1Format #$computerIP #$SingleEntry) (#$arg1Isa #$computerIP #$Computer) (#$arg1Isa #$computerIP #$Computer) (#$arg2Format #$computerIP #$SingleEntry) (#$arg2Isa #$computerIP #$IPAddress) (#$arg2Isa #$computerIP #$IPAddress) (#$argFormat #$computerIP 1 #$SingleEntry) (#$argFormat #$computerIP 2 #$SingleEntry) (#$argIsa #$computerIP 1 #$Computer) (#$argIsa #$computerIP 1 #$Computer) (#$argIsa #$computerIP 1 #$Computer) (#$argIsa #$computerIP 2 #$IPAddress) (#$argIsa #$computerIP 2 #$IPAddress) (#$argIsa #$computerIP 2 #$IPAddress) (#$arity #$computerIP 2) (#$comment #$computerIP "A #$BinaryPredicate that relates instances of #$Computer with instances of #$IPAddress. (#$computerIP COMP IP) means that COMP has the IP address IP. (Note that a given computer might have different IP addresses at different times.)") (#$genlPreds #$computerIP #$identificationStrings) (#$isa #$computerIP #$BinaryPredicate) (#$isa #$computerIP #$StrictlyFunctionalPredicate) (#$strictlyFunctionalInArgs #$computerIP 1) (#$strictlyFunctionalInArgs #$computerIP 2) (#$comment #$ComputerLanguage "A specialization of #$ConstructedLanguage and #$FormalLanguage. Each instance of #$ComputerLanguage is designed expressly for the purpose of creating expressions that are in some sense interpretable by computers. This may mean that the expressions are used to program computers (for which, see the specialization #$AbstractProgrammingLanguage), to facilitate interaction between pieces of software, or to indicate how to represent pieces of text (for which, see #$MarkupLanguage). Machine and assembly languages are also included in this category.") (#$genls #$ComputerLanguage #$DevisedStructuredActivity) (#$genls #$ComputerLanguage #$Individual) (#$genls #$ComputerLanguage #$Language) (#$isa #$ComputerLanguage #$ConventionalClassificationType) (#$isa #$ComputerLanguage #$ObjectType) (#$arg1Format #$computerMACAddress #$SingleEntry) (#$arg1Isa #$computerMACAddress #$Computer) (#$arg1Isa #$computerMACAddress #$Computer) (#$arg2Format #$computerMACAddress #$SetTheFormat) (#$arg2Isa #$computerMACAddress #$MACAddress) (#$arg2Isa #$computerMACAddress #$MACAddress) (#$argFormat #$computerMACAddress 2 #$SetTheFormat) (#$argFormat #$computerMACAddress 1 #$SingleEntry) (#$argIsa #$computerMACAddress 1 #$Computer) (#$argIsa #$computerMACAddress 1 #$Computer) (#$argIsa #$computerMACAddress 1 #$Computer) (#$argIsa #$computerMACAddress 2 #$MACAddress) (#$argIsa #$computerMACAddress 2 #$MACAddress) (#$argIsa #$computerMACAddress 2 #$MACAddress) (#$arity #$computerMACAddress 2) (#$comment #$computerMACAddress "A predicate relating a instance of #$Computer with the instance of #$MACAddress associated with one of its network cards. (#$computerMACAddress COMP MAC) means that COMP is a computer with a network card installed whose MAC address is MAC. Note that a single computer can have more than one network card and each MAC address is unique to a network card, hence one computer can be associated with more than one MAC address.") (#$genlPreds #$computerMACAddress #$identificationStrings) (#$isa #$computerMACAddress #$BinaryPredicate) (#$comment #$ComputerMemoryCapacity "A specialization of #$PhysicalQuantity. Each instance of #$ComputerMemoryCapacity is a measure (for the range of possible units of this measure, see the collection #$UnitOfComputerStorageCapacity) of the amount of information that can be stored on some computer. It includes measures of #$RAM, #$ROM and #$VirtualMemory. For making assertions of a particular #$Computer that it has a particular #$ComputerMemoryCapacity, see the predicates #$physicalMemorySize and #$virtualMemorySize.") (#$disjointWith #$ComputerMemoryCapacity #$Mass) (#$disjointWith #$ComputerMemoryCapacity #$MonetaryValue) (#$genls #$ComputerMemoryCapacity #$PhysicalQuantity) (#$isa #$ComputerMemoryCapacity #$AtemporalNecessarilyEssentialCollectionType) (#$isa #$ComputerMemoryCapacity #$DerivedNumericScalarIntervalType) (#$comment #$ComputerNetwork "A specialization of #$ConnectedPathSystem and #$ComputationalSystem. Each instance of this collection is a network used to link computational systems together to allow them to transfer information between each other. This is typically done using \"packets\" of information (see #$Packet-Network) exchanged according to certain well-defined protocols (see #$NetworkProtocol). A particularly large and notable instance of this collection is #$Internet. Networks may be structured according to certain specific topologies, the most notable of which are #$BusNetwork, #$StarNetwork and #$RingNetwork.") (#$genls #$ComputerNetwork #$Artifact) (#$genls #$ComputerNetwork #$ComputationalSystem) (#$genls #$ComputerNetwork #$CustomarySystemOfLinks) (#$genls #$ComputerNetwork #$Individual) (#$genls #$ComputerNetwork #$PathArtifactSystem) (#$isa #$ComputerNetwork #$ExistingObjectType) (#$comment #$ComputerNetworkMt "A microtheory containing knowledge pertaining to computer networks, including information about network types and network protocols. Information about specific computer networks should be in a more specialized microtheory.") (#$genlMt #$ComputerNetworkMt #$BaseKB) (#$genlMt #$ComputerNetworkMt #$CommunicationsSupportMt) (#$genlMt #$ComputerNetworkMt #$ComputerRunningMt) (#$isa #$ComputerNetworkMt #$TheoryMicrotheory) (#$comment #$ComputerPeripheralDevice "A specialization of #$ComputerHardwareItem. Each instance of this collection is an electronic device intended to be used with (but not in) some computer. Examples include #$ComputerKeyboard and #$ComputerPrinter. An external floppy drive is a positive exemplar, but an internal floppy drive is a negative exemplar. Notable specializations of this collection include #$ComputerInputDevice and #$ComputerOutputDevice.") (#$genls #$ComputerPeripheralDevice #$ComputerHardwareItem) (#$genls #$ComputerPeripheralDevice #$Individual) (#$isa #$ComputerPeripheralDevice #$ExistingObjectType) (#$isa #$ComputerPeripheralDevice #$ProductType) (#$comment #$ComputerProgram-CW "A specialization of #$PropositionalConceptualWork, #$ComputerFile-CW and #$SoftwareObject-Individual. Each instance of #$ComputerProgram-CW is a deliberately created abstract object comprised of propositions that together constitute a list of instructions for computers to execute. Example instances include #$Emacs-TheProgram and #$LinuxKernel-TheProgram. Instances of this collection are distinct from computer code and from both running and installed programs. The instructions that comprise an instance of #$ComputerProgram-CW can be expressed as abstract computer code (see #$ComputerCode), but no list of instructions expressed in code constitutes an instance of #$ComputerProgram-CW. Rather, the code in which an instance of #$ComputerProgram-CW is expressed constitutes an instance of #$AbstractInformationStructure that can be related to the program it expresses using the predicate #$programCode. More than one instance of #$ComputerCode can express the same instance of #$ComputerProgram-CW; for example, a single instance of #$ComputerProgram-CW can be written in source code (see #$ComputerCode-Source) in several different computer languages, or it can be complied as a binary executable (see #$ComputerCode-Binary). A physical instantiation of a #$ComputerProgram-CW is a #$ComputerProgramCopy which is an #$InformationBearingThing and is related to its #$ComputerProgram-CW by the predicate #$programCopies. An instance of #$ComputerProgram-CW that is being executed is a #$ComputerProcessRunning, related to its #$ComputerProgram-CW by the predicate #$programOfProcess.") (#$genls #$ComputerProgram-CW #$ComputerFile-CW) (#$genls #$ComputerProgram-CW #$Individual) (#$genls #$ComputerProgram-CW #$PropositionalConceptualWork) (#$genls #$ComputerProgram-CW #$SoftwareObject-Individual) (#$isa #$ComputerProgram-CW #$ObjectType) (#$isa #$ComputerProgram-CW #$TemporalStuffType) (#$partitionedInto #$ComputerProgram-CW (#$ThePartition #$OperatingSystem #$ApplicationProgram #$OperatingSystemKernel)) (#$partitionedInto #$ComputerProgram-CW (#$ThePartition #$ServerProgram #$LocalProgram)) (#$comment #$ComputerProgrammer "A specialization of #$ComputerUser. Each instance of this collection is an agent (usually a #$Person) who programs computers in some capacity -- professional or otherwise. See also #$programsIn, #$ComputerLanguage.") (#$disjointWith #$ComputerProgrammer #$Entity) (#$genls #$ComputerProgrammer #$ComputerUser) (#$genls #$ComputerProgrammer #$ComputerUser) (#$genls #$ComputerProgrammer #$Individual) (#$genls #$ComputerProgrammer #$IntelligentAgent) (#$genls #$ComputerProgrammer #$IntelligentAgent) (#$genls #$ComputerProgrammer #$Person) (#$isa #$ComputerProgrammer #$Collection) (#$isa #$ComputerProgrammer #$PersonTypeByActivity) (#$comment #$ComputerRunningMt "In this context instances of #$Computer are assumed to be powered, running and operational.") (#$genlMt #$ComputerRunningMt #$BaseKB) (#$genlMt #$ComputerRunningMt #$BaseKB) (#$genlMt #$ComputerRunningMt #$ComputerHardwareMt) (#$genlMt #$ComputerRunningMt #$ComputerSoftwareMt) (#$genlMt #$ComputerRunningMt #$MassMediaMt) (#$genlMt #$ComputerRunningMt #$NaiveInformationMt) (#$isa #$ComputerRunningMt #$GeneralMicrotheory) (#$isa #$ComputerRunningMt #$TheoryMicrotheory) (#$comment #$ComputerSecurityMt "This microtheory is a spec of the ComputerRunningMt. It contains information about various kinds of electronic attacks and their effects as well as methods and programs employed.") (#$genlMt #$ComputerSecurityMt #$BaseKB) (#$genlMt #$ComputerSecurityMt #$BaseKB) (#$genlMt #$ComputerSecurityMt #$ComputerNetworkMt) (#$genlMt #$ComputerSecurityMt #$SecurityMt) (#$isa #$ComputerSecurityMt #$TheoryMicrotheory) (#$comment #$ComputerServer "A specialization of #$Computer. Each instance of this collection provides some service for other computers connected to it via a #$ComputerNetwork, by running instances of #$ServerProgram.") (#$genls #$ComputerServer #$Computer) (#$genls #$ComputerServer #$Individual) (#$isa #$ComputerServer #$ExistingObjectType) (#$comment #$ComputerSoftwareDataMt "This microtheory contains knowledge specific to brand-name computer software or other specific pieces of software. This microtheory is appropriate for asserting static things about software, such as its price, type, and function. To make statements about hardware requirements of software and any dynamic behavior of software, assertions should go in #$ComputerRunningMt. Assertions about generic software go in #$ComputerSoftwareMt. Assertions linking software to computer companies which make them go in #$ComputerOrganizationDataMt, not here.") (#$genlMt #$ComputerSoftwareDataMt #$BaseKB) (#$genlMt #$ComputerSoftwareDataMt #$ComputerNetworkMt) (#$genlMt #$ComputerSoftwareDataMt #$ComputerSoftwareMt) (#$genlMt #$ComputerSoftwareDataMt #$NameStringDefinitionMt) (#$genlMt #$ComputerSoftwareDataMt #$SportsMt) (#$isa #$ComputerSoftwareDataMt #$DataMicrotheory) (#$isa #$ComputerSoftwareDataMt #$GeneralMicrotheory) (#$comment #$ComputerSoftwareMt "Contains knowledge specific to computer software. This includes knowledge about computer games and software applications, but not 'software' for gaming systems like Nintendo or PlayStation. This microtheory is appropriate for asserting static things about software, such as its price, type, and function. To make statements about hardware requirements of software and any dynamic behavior of software, assertions should go in #$ComputerRunningMt.") (#$genlMt #$ComputerSoftwareMt #$BaseKB) (#$genlMt #$ComputerSoftwareMt #$BaseKB) (#$genlMt #$ComputerSoftwareMt #$ComputerGMt) (#$genlMt #$ComputerSoftwareMt #$ComputerSoftwareVocabularyMt) (#$isa #$ComputerSoftwareMt #$GeneralMicrotheory) (#$isa #$ComputerSoftwareMt #$TheoryMicrotheory) (#$comment #$ComputerSoftwareVocabularyMt "The #$VocabularyMicrotheory for #$ComputerSoftwareMt.") (#$genlMt #$ComputerSoftwareVocabularyMt #$BaseKB) (#$genlMt #$ComputerSoftwareVocabularyMt #$ComputerGVocabularyMt) (#$isa #$ComputerSoftwareVocabularyMt #$VocabularyMicrotheory) (#$arg1Format #$computerSpeed #$SetTheFormat) (#$arg1Isa #$computerSpeed #$Computer) (#$arg1Isa #$computerSpeed #$Computer) (#$arg2Format #$computerSpeed #$SetTheFormat) (#$arg2Isa #$computerSpeed #$Frequency) (#$arg2Isa #$computerSpeed #$Frequency) (#$argFormat #$computerSpeed 1 #$SetTheFormat) (#$argFormat #$computerSpeed 2 #$SetTheFormat) (#$argIsa #$computerSpeed 1 #$Computer) (#$argIsa #$computerSpeed 1 #$Computer) (#$argIsa #$computerSpeed 1 #$Computer) (#$argIsa #$computerSpeed 2 #$Frequency) (#$argIsa #$computerSpeed 2 #$Frequency) (#$argIsa #$computerSpeed 2 #$Frequency) (#$arity #$computerSpeed 2) (#$comment #$computerSpeed "A predicate relating instances of #$Computer to the processing speed of their #$CentralProcessingUnits. (#$computerSpeed COMP FREQ) means that COMP is a computer which has a central processing unit with speed FREQ (usually stated using MegaHertz). Note that a single computer can have multiple processors and hence have multiple frequencies associated with it.") (#$isa #$computerSpeed #$BinaryPredicate) (#$comment #$ComputerUser "A specialization of #$Agent-Generic. Each instance of this collection is an agent that uses a #$Computer. This collection includes #$Persons, and also copies of certain computer programs that access other programs (such as web spiders). #$ComputerUsers may be using their computers for personal, scientific, and/or institutional purposes.") (#$genls #$ComputerUser #$Agent-Generic) (#$genls #$ComputerUser #$Agent-Generic) (#$genls #$ComputerUser #$Individual) (#$isa #$ComputerUser #$ExistingObjectType) (#$comment #$ConcealingFromSight "This is the collection of events in which an animal conceals an object from the line of sight of another animal. For instance, a squirrel staying on the opposite side of a tree trunk, a robber donning a mask, and a pirate burying a treasure. Note that no animal needs to be looking at the hidden object at the moment that it is hidden for an instance of this collection to occur.") (#$genls #$ConcealingFromSight #$DisappearingFromSight) (#$genls #$ConcealingFromSight #$Individual) (#$genls #$ConcealingFromSight #$LocatingInIntendedPosition) (#$isa #$ConcealingFromSight #$MammalCapabilityType) (#$isa #$ConcealingFromSight #$SituationType) (#$isa #$ConcealingFromSight #$TemporalObjectType) (#$arg1Format #$conceptuallyRelated #$SetTheFormat) (#$arg1Isa #$conceptuallyRelated #$Thing) (#$arg2Format #$conceptuallyRelated #$SetTheFormat) (#$arg2Isa #$conceptuallyRelated #$Thing) (#$argFormat #$conceptuallyRelated 1 #$SetTheFormat) (#$argFormat #$conceptuallyRelated 2 #$SetTheFormat) (#$argIsa #$conceptuallyRelated 1 #$Thing) (#$argIsa #$conceptuallyRelated 1 #$Thing) (#$argIsa #$conceptuallyRelated 2 #$Thing) (#$argIsa #$conceptuallyRelated 2 #$Thing) (#$arity #$conceptuallyRelated 2) (#$comment #$conceptuallyRelated "This predicate is used to state the fact of a conceptual link between two things, where a very complex sentence would be required in order to describe the precise nature of this link explicitly. Examples of such conceptually-linked couples include #$PublicTransportationDevice / #$PublicTransportationScheduleDocument and #$Dog / #$DogFood. The rationale for having such a predicate as #$conceptuallyRelated is similar to that behind many #$RuleMacroPredicates (q.v.). Having complex relationships represented -- possibly redundantly -- in a more compact fashion makes for faster retrieval. Because things can be conceptually related in many different ways, no explicit definition for this predicate is provided. Note that #$conceptuallyRelated is _not_ a #$SymmetricBinaryPredicate (q.v.); but see #$conceptuallyCoRelated for a specialization of this predicate that is symmetric.") (#$isa #$conceptuallyRelated #$CoreConstant) (#$isa #$conceptuallyRelated #$IrreflexiveBinaryPredicate) (#$negationInverse #$conceptuallyRelated #$genlAttributes) (#$negationInverse #$conceptuallyRelated #$genls) (#$negationInverse #$conceptuallyRelated #$isa) (#$negationPreds #$conceptuallyRelated #$genlAttributes) (#$negationPreds #$conceptuallyRelated #$genls) (#$opaqueArgument #$conceptuallyRelated 1) (#$opaqueArgument #$conceptuallyRelated 2) (#$relationAllInstance #$conceptuallyRelated #$USCity #$UnitedStatesOfAmerica) (#$comment #$ConceptualWork "A specialization of #$DevisedPracticeOrWork (q.v.). #$ConceptualWork is the collection of abstract works which either have associated #$AbstractInformationStructures (q.v.) or have versions that have associated #$AbstractInformationStructures. Conceptual works or versions of conceptual works can be instantiated in instances of #$InformationBearingThing; every such instantiation of a conceptual work will also be an instantiation of an instance of #$AbstractInformationStructure. Positive examples of instances of #$ConceptualWork include: #$MobyDickNovel (as opposed to any instance BC of #$BookCopy such that (#$instantiationOfWork #$MobyDickNovel BC)), Beethoven's 9th Symphony (as opposed to any performance of this symphony or any copy of its score). Negative examples include games (see #$DevisedStructuredActivity) and awards (see #$AwardPractice) -- these are instances of #$DevisedPracticeOrWork but not #$ConceptualWork because they do not have associated #$AbstractInformationStructures. For works with propositional content see the more specific collection, #$PropositionalConceptualWork. ") (#$genls #$ConceptualWork #$DevisedPracticeOrWork) (#$genls #$ConceptualWork #$Individual) (#$isa #$ConceptualWork #$ObjectType) (#$isa #$ConceptualWork #$TemporalStuffType) (#$comment #$Concern "Care for, preocupation, worry. Feeling of a person with his mind engrossed by something pertinent to himself or another, due to his responsibility, interest or affection") (#$genls #$Concern #$FeelingAttribute) (#$isa #$Concern #$AtemporalNecessarilyEssentialCollectionType) (#$isa #$Concern #$FeelingType) (#$comment #$Concrete "#$Concrete is a specialization of #$ArtificialMaterial and #$BuildingMaterial. Each instance of #$Concrete is a piece of an artificial mixture of cement, gravel, sand, and (during mixture, pouring, and forming) water. Used widely in construction, pieces of concrete are formed into the desired shape while fluid and afterward hardened into a sturdy, durable material. Instances of #$Concrete include bridge pilings, foundations of houses, and sidewalks.") (#$genls #$Concrete #$ArtificialMaterial) (#$genls #$Concrete #$BuildingMaterial) (#$genls #$Concrete #$Individual) (#$isa #$Concrete #$ProductType) (#$isa #$Concrete #$TangibleStuffCompositionType) (#$comment #$Condensing "A collection of events. In each instance of #$Condensing, a gas is cooled to (or its pressure lowered to) the point where the relative humidity (or similar partial pressure measure if something other than water is condensing) is greater than 100%, changing part of a component of the gas from the #$Gaseous-StateOfMatter to the #$Liquid-StateOfMatter.") (#$genls #$Condensing #$EnergyTransferEvent) (#$genls #$Condensing #$HeatProductionProcess) (#$genls #$Condensing #$Individual) (#$genls #$Condensing #$StateOfMatterChangeEvent) (#$isa #$Condensing #$DefaultDisjointScriptType) (#$isa #$Condensing #$TemporalObjectType) (#$comment #$Condiment "A specialization of #$FoodIngredientOnly. Each instance of #$Condiment is a substance used to flavor or complement a foodstuff. Some commonly used condiments are ketchup, mustard, relish, mayonaise, salt and pepper. Instances of #$Condiment are not eaten by themselves, but they are often served in their own dishes, so that the consumer can season his/her own food directly.") (#$disjointWith #$Condiment #$Preservative-Food) (#$genls #$Condiment #$FoodIngredientOnly) (#$genls #$Condiment #$Individual) (#$isa #$Condiment #$DefaultDisjointEdibleStuffType) (#$isa #$Condiment #$ExistingStuffType) (#$arg1Isa #$conditionallyIndependent #$ELSentence-Assertible) (#$arg2Isa #$conditionallyIndependent #$ELSentence-Assertible) (#$argIsa #$conditionallyIndependent 1 #$ELSentence-Assertible) (#$argIsa #$conditionallyIndependent 1 #$ELSentence-Assertible) (#$argIsa #$conditionallyIndependent 2 #$ELSentence-Assertible) (#$argIsa #$conditionallyIndependent 2 #$ELSentence-Assertible) (#$arity #$conditionallyIndependent 2) (#$comment #$conditionallyIndependent "A predicate used for probability statements. (#$conditionallyIndependent PROPOSITION1 PROPOSITION2) means that, in the applicable #$Microtheory, PROPOSITION1 and PROPOSITION2 are conditionally independent of each other, that is, truth or falsehood of one does not increase or decrease the #$derivedProbability that the other is true. They are, in a sense, irrelevant to each other. In most microtheories, generally, the #$conditionallyIndependent statement means that when all we know in the #$Microtheory are its accessible #$domainAssumptions, then the truths of the two formulae are probabilistically independent. See also #$conditionalProbability and #$conditionallyIndependent-Given. This definition makes no presumption as to determinism versus nondeterminism, nor as to whether probability is only in the mind of some beholder. The definition allows for any of several different systems of deriving the probability of one assertion from the probabilities of, or conditional probabilities relating, other assertions.") (#$genlInverse #$conditionallyIndependent #$conditionallyIndependent) (#$isa #$conditionallyIndependent #$IrreflexiveBinaryPredicate) (#$isa #$conditionallyIndependent #$ProbabilisticCycLConstant) (#$isa #$conditionallyIndependent #$SymmetricBinaryPredicate) (#$sharedNotes #$conditionallyIndependent #$NoteOnProbability) (#$arg1Isa #$conditionallyIndependent-Given #$ELSentence-Assertible) (#$arg2Isa #$conditionallyIndependent-Given #$ELSentence-Assertible) (#$arg3Isa #$conditionallyIndependent-Given #$ELSentence-Assertible) (#$argIsa #$conditionallyIndependent-Given 1 #$ELSentence-Assertible) (#$argIsa #$conditionallyIndependent-Given 1 #$ELSentence-Assertible) (#$argIsa #$conditionallyIndependent-Given 2 #$ELSentence-Assertible) (#$argIsa #$conditionallyIndependent-Given 2 #$ELSentence-Assertible) (#$argIsa #$conditionallyIndependent-Given 3 #$ELSentence-Assertible) (#$argIsa #$conditionallyIndependent-Given 3 #$ELSentence-Assertible) (#$arity #$conditionallyIndependent-Given 3) (#$comment #$conditionallyIndependent-Given "A predicate used for probability statements. (#$conditionallyIndependent-Given PROPOSITION1 PROPOSITION2 PROPOSITION3) means that, in the applicable #$Microtheory, PROPOSITION1 and PROPOSITION2 are conditionally independent of each other given the truth of PROPOSITION3. That is, given the truth of the third, the truth or falsehood of either of the first two does not increase or decrease the #$derivedProbability that the other is true. They are, in a sense, irrelevant to each other when PROPOSITION3 is known to be true. Most typically, PROPOSITION3 is a conjunction of multiple propositions (but see also #$conditionallyIndependent-GivenSet). In most microtheories, generally, the #$conditionallyIndependent-Given statement means that when all we know in the #$Microtheory are its accessible #$domainAssumptions, and PROPOSITION3, then the truths of the two formulae are probabilistically independent. See also #$conditionalProbability and #$conditionallyIndependent. To declare two propositions independent given a set of propositions, use #$conditionallyIndependent-GivenSet. This definition makes no presumption as to determinism versus nondeterminism, nor as to whether probability is only in the mind of some beholder. The definition allows for any of several different systems of deriving the probability of one assertion from the probabilities of, or conditional probabilities relating, other assertions.") (#$isa #$conditionallyIndependent-Given #$ProbabilisticCycLConstant) (#$isa #$conditionallyIndependent-Given #$TernaryPredicate) (#$sharedNotes #$conditionallyIndependent-Given #$NoteOnProbability) (#$arg1Isa #$conditionallyIndependent-GivenSet #$ELSentence-Assertible) (#$arg2Isa #$conditionallyIndependent-GivenSet #$ELSentence-Assertible) (#$arg3Isa #$conditionallyIndependent-GivenSet #$Set-Mathematical) (#$argIsa #$conditionallyIndependent-GivenSet 1 #$ELSentence-Assertible) (#$argIsa #$conditionallyIndependent-GivenSet 1 #$ELSentence-Assertible) (#$argIsa #$conditionallyIndependent-GivenSet 2 #$ELSentence-Assertible) (#$argIsa #$conditionallyIndependent-GivenSet 2 #$ELSentence-Assertible) (#$argIsa #$conditionallyIndependent-GivenSet 3 #$Set-Mathematical) (#$argIsa #$conditionallyIndependent-GivenSet 3 #$Set-Mathematical) (#$arity #$conditionallyIndependent-GivenSet 3) (#$comment #$conditionallyIndependent-GivenSet "A predicate used for probability statements. (#$conditionallyIndependent-GivenSet PROPOSITION1 PROPOSITION2 SETOFPROPOSITIONS) means that, in the applicable #$Microtheory, PROPOSITION1 and PROPOSITION2 are conditionally independent of each other given the truth of all the propositions in the set SETOFPROPOSITIONS. That is, given the truth of the propositions in the set, the truth or falsehood of either of the two propostion arguments does not increase or decrease the #$derivedProbability that the other is true. They are, in a sense, irrelevant to each other when the propositions in SETOFPROPOSITIONS is known to be true. In most microtheories, generally, the #$conditionallyIndependent-GivenSet statement means that when all we know in the #$Microtheory are its accessible #$domainAssumptions, and the assertions in SETOFPROPOSITIONS, then the truths of the two formulae are probabilistically independent. See also #$conditionalProbability and #$conditionallyIndependent. To declare two propositions independent given a single proposition (which could be a conjunction), use #$conditionallyIndependent-Given. This definition makes no presumption as to determinism versus nondeterminism, nor as to whether probability is only in the mind of some beholder. The definition allows for any of several different systems of deriving the probability of one assertion from the probabilities of, or conditional probabilities relating, other assertions.") (#$isa #$conditionallyIndependent-GivenSet #$ProbabilisticCycLConstant) (#$isa #$conditionallyIndependent-GivenSet #$TernaryPredicate) (#$sharedNotes #$conditionallyIndependent-GivenSet #$NoteOnProbability) (#$arg1Isa #$conditionalProbability #$ELSentence-Assertible) (#$arg2Isa #$conditionalProbability #$ELSentence-Assertible) (#$arg3Format #$conditionalProbability #$SingleEntry) (#$arg3Isa #$conditionalProbability #$Probability) (#$argFormat #$conditionalProbability 3 #$SingleEntry) (#$argIsa #$conditionalProbability 1 #$ELSentence-Assertible) (#$argIsa #$conditionalProbability 1 #$ELSentence-Assertible) (#$argIsa #$conditionalProbability 2 #$ELSentence-Assertible) (#$argIsa #$conditionalProbability 2 #$ELSentence-Assertible) (#$argIsa #$conditionalProbability 3 #$Probability) (#$argIsa #$conditionalProbability 3 #$Probability) (#$arity #$conditionalProbability 3) (#$comment #$conditionalProbability "A predicate used for probability statements. (#$conditionalProbability PROPOSITION1 PROPOSITION2 PROBNO) means that the probability of PROPOSITION1 being true, given that PROPOSITION2 is known to be true, in the applicable #$Microtheory, is PROBNO (a real number between zero and one, where zero means certainly false and one means certainly true). Most typically, PROPOSITION2 is actually a conjunction of multiple propositions. In most microtheories, generally, this #$conditionalProbability refers to the conditional probability that PROPOSITION1 is true given only that PROPOSITION2, and the #$domainAssumptions accessible in the applicable #$Microtheory, are true, without regard to any further evidence or the truth of any other assertions. See also #$conditionalProbabilitySet, #$priorProbability, #$derivedProbability, #$conditionallyIndependent, and the function version of this predicate: #$ConditionalProbabilityFn. This definition makes no presumption as to determinism versus nondeterminism, nor as to whether probability is only in the mind of some beholder. The definition allows for any of several different systems of deriving the probability of one assertion from the probabilities of, or conditional probabilities relating, other assertions.") (#$isa #$conditionalProbability #$FunctionalPredicate) (#$isa #$conditionalProbability #$ProbabilisticCycLConstant) (#$isa #$conditionalProbability #$TernaryPredicate) (#$sharedNotes #$conditionalProbability #$NoteOnProbability) (#$strictlyFunctionalInArgs #$conditionalProbability 3) (#$arg1Isa #$ConditionalProbabilityFn #$ELSentence-Assertible) (#$arg2Isa #$ConditionalProbabilityFn #$ELSentence-Assertible) (#$argIsa #$ConditionalProbabilityFn 1 #$ELSentence-Assertible) (#$argIsa #$ConditionalProbabilityFn 1 #$ELSentence-Assertible) (#$argIsa #$ConditionalProbabilityFn 2 #$ELSentence-Assertible) (#$argIsa #$ConditionalProbabilityFn 2 #$ELSentence-Assertible) (#$arity #$ConditionalProbabilityFn 2) (#$comment #$ConditionalProbabilityFn "A function used for probability statements. (#$ConditionalProbabilityFn PROPOSITION1 PROPOSITION2) applied to two #$Assertions, results in the probability of PROPOSITION1 being true given that PROPOSITION2 is known to be true, in the applicable #$Microtheory. It yields a real number between zero and one, where zero means certainly false and one means certainly true. Most typically, PROPOSITION2 is actually a conjunction of multiple propositions. In most microtheories, generally, this #$ConditionalProbabilityFn refers to the conditional probability that PROPOSITION1 is true given only that PROPOSITION2, and the #$domainAssumptions accessible in the applicable #$Microtheory, are true, without regard to any further evidence or the truth of any other assertions. See also #$ConditionalProbabilitySetFn, #$PriorProbabilityFn, #$DerivedProbabilityFn, #$conditionallyIndependent, and the predicate version of this function: #$conditionalProbability. This definition makes no presumption as to determinism versus nondeterminism, nor as to whether probability is only in the mind of some beholder. The definition allows for any of several different systems of deriving the probability of one assertion from the probabilities of, or conditional probabilities relating, other assertions.") (#$isa #$ConditionalProbabilityFn #$BinaryFunction) (#$isa #$ConditionalProbabilityFn #$ProbabilisticCycLConstant) (#$resultIsa #$ConditionalProbabilityFn #$Probability) (#$resultIsa #$ConditionalProbabilityFn #$Probability) (#$sharedNotes #$ConditionalProbabilityFn #$NoteOnProbability) (#$arg1Isa #$conditionalProbabilitySet #$ELSentence-Assertible) (#$arg2Isa #$conditionalProbabilitySet #$Set-Mathematical) (#$arg3Format #$conditionalProbabilitySet #$SingleEntry) (#$arg3Isa #$conditionalProbabilitySet #$Probability) (#$argFormat #$conditionalProbabilitySet 3 #$SingleEntry) (#$argIsa #$conditionalProbabilitySet 1 #$ELSentence-Assertible) (#$argIsa #$conditionalProbabilitySet 1 #$ELSentence-Assertible) (#$argIsa #$conditionalProbabilitySet 3 #$Probability) (#$argIsa #$conditionalProbabilitySet 3 #$Probability) (#$argIsa #$conditionalProbabilitySet 2 #$Set-Mathematical) (#$argIsa #$conditionalProbabilitySet 2 #$Set-Mathematical) (#$arity #$conditionalProbabilitySet 3) (#$comment #$conditionalProbabilitySet "A predicate used for probability statements. (#$conditionalProbabilitySet PROPOSITION SETOFPROPOSITIONS PROBNO) means that the probability of PROPOSITION being true, given that all the propositions in SETOFPROPOSITIONS are known to be true, in the applicable #$Microtheory, is PROBNO (a real number between zero and one, where zero means certainly false and one means certainly true). In most microtheories, generally, this #$conditionalProbabilitySet refers to the conditional probability that PROPOSITION is true given only that the propositions in SETOFPROPOSITIONS, and the #$domainAssumptions accessible in the applicable #$Microtheory, are true, without regard to any further evidence or the truth of any other assertions. See also #$conditionalProbability, #$priorProbability, #$derivedProbability, #$conditionallyIndependent, and the function version of this predicate: #$ConditionalProbabilitySetFn. This definition makes no presumption as to determinism versus nondeterminism, nor as to whether probability is only in the mind of some beholder. The definition allows for any of several different systems of deriving the probability of one assertion from the probabilities of, or conditional probabilities relating, other assertions.") (#$isa #$conditionalProbabilitySet #$ProbabilisticCycLConstant) (#$isa #$conditionalProbabilitySet #$TernaryPredicate) (#$sharedNotes #$conditionalProbabilitySet #$NoteOnProbability) (#$arg1Isa #$ConditionalProbabilitySetFn #$ELSentence-Assertible) (#$arg2Isa #$ConditionalProbabilitySetFn #$Set-Mathematical) (#$argIsa #$ConditionalProbabilitySetFn 1 #$ELSentence-Assertible) (#$argIsa #$ConditionalProbabilitySetFn 1 #$ELSentence-Assertible) (#$argIsa #$ConditionalProbabilitySetFn 2 #$Set-Mathematical) (#$argIsa #$ConditionalProbabilitySetFn 2 #$Set-Mathematical) (#$arity #$ConditionalProbabilitySetFn 2) (#$comment #$ConditionalProbabilitySetFn "A function used for probability statements. (#$ConditionalProbabilitySetFn PROPOSITION SETOFPROPOSITIONS) applied to an #$CycLAssertion and a set of #$Assertions, results in the probability of PROPOSITION being true given that all the propositions in SETOFPROPOSITIONS are known to be true, in the applicable #$Microtheory. It yields a real number between zero and one, where zero means certainly false and one means certainly true. In most microtheories, generally, this #$ConditionalProbabilitySetFn refers to the conditional probability that PROPOSITION is true given only that the propositions that are elements of SETOFPROPOSITIONS, and the #$domainAssumptions accessible in the applicable #$Microtheory, are true, without regard to any further evidence or the truth of any other assertions. See also #$ConditionalProbabilityFn, #$PriorProbabilityFn, #$DerivedProbabilityFn, #$conditionallyIndependent, and the predicate version of this function: #$conditionalProbabilitySet. This definition makes no presumption as to determinism versus nondeterminism, nor as to whether probability is only in the mind of some beholder. The definition allows for any of several different systems of deriving the probability of one assertion from the probabilities of, or conditional probabilities relating, other assertions.") (#$isa #$ConditionalProbabilitySetFn #$BinaryFunction) (#$isa #$ConditionalProbabilitySetFn #$ProbabilisticCycLConstant) (#$resultIsa #$ConditionalProbabilitySetFn #$Probability) (#$resultIsa #$ConditionalProbabilitySetFn #$Probability) (#$sharedNotes #$ConditionalProbabilitySetFn #$NoteOnProbability) (#$comment #$ConductingMedium "An instance of #$ExistingStuffType, and a specialization of #$PartiallyTangible. Each instance of #$ConductingMedium is a partially tangible object that can serve as a conductor, e.g., for heat or electricity. Specializations include #$PowerLine, #$Superconductor, and #$ElectricalWire.") (#$disjointWith #$ConductingMedium #$Organization) (#$disjointWith #$ConductingMedium (#$GroupFn #$Organization)) (#$genls #$ConductingMedium #$Individual) (#$genls #$ConductingMedium #$PartiallyTangible) (#$isa #$ConductingMedium #$ExistingStuffType) (#$comment #$ConductorResistance "An instance of #$ElectricalResistance. #$ConductorResistance is a very low level of electrical resistance; any object having #$ConductorResistance readily conducts electricity. See also #$resistanceOfObject.") (#$isa #$ConductorResistance #$ElectricalResistance) (#$comment #$ConeShape "A specialization of #$ThreeDimensionalGeometricThing. Each instance of #$ConeShape is a three-dimensional object with a circular base; the surface of the object is formed by lines joining each point of the periphery of the base to a common vertex. Examples include spatially localized objects (for example, the space occupied by a traffic cone can be approximated as an instance of #$ConeShape), and abstract objects, such as the cone generated by rotating a right triangle about one of its legs.") (#$genls #$ConeShape #$Individual) (#$genls #$ConeShape #$RoundThing) (#$genls #$ConeShape #$ThreeDimensionalGeometricThing) (#$isa #$ConeShape #$GenericShapeType) (#$isa #$ConeShape #$ThreeDimensionalShapeType) (#$comment #$Confidence "The positive emotion felt when one is free from doubt about an event or object from which the agent feeling #$Confidence expects positive contingencies. For example, one might say 'I feel confident that tomorrow it will not be rainy'. Do not confuse this with a personality disposition, e.g. 'Joe is a confident person.' (See #$PersonalityAttribute.) This is a collection; for an explanation of a typical #$FeelingType, see #$Happiness. More specialized #$FeelingTypes include #$Grief, #$SelfConfidence, etc.") (#$genls #$Confidence #$FeelingAttribute) (#$isa #$Confidence #$AtemporalNecessarilyEssentialCollectionType) (#$isa #$Confidence #$FeelingType) (#$comment #$Configuration "A specialization of both #$StaticSituation and #$SpatialThing-Localized. Each instance of #$Configuration is a static situation consisting of two or more #$PartiallyTangible things of certain types standing in a certain type of spatial relationship (or set of relationships). This (set of) spatial relationship(s) \"characterizes\" the #$Configuration's _type_ in the sense that any group of objects of the appropriate types standing in that relationship (or those relationships) correspond to a #$Configuration of that type; and each of these objects, in turn, is said to be \"configured\" (see #$objectConfigured) in the (individual) #$Configuration. For example, a #$KnotConfiguration might correspond to a particular intertwining of end-segments of two #$CordlikeObjects, or to the intertwining of several segments of a single #$CordlikeObject. For configurations like the latter, whose characterizing relationship(s) hold between different parts of a single salient object, see the specialization #$ConfigurationOfComplexObject. Note that a static situation involving an #$Agent might be a configuration, but only so long as it's just the agent's _spatial_ relationship(s) to other partially tangibles that matters (see e.g. #$WearingSomething); static situations in which an agent's agency or sentience is crucial, on the other hand, are not configurations (cf. #$AgentRelationship and #$InterAgentRelationship).") (#$genls #$Configuration #$Individual) (#$genls #$Configuration #$SpatialThing-Localized) (#$genls #$Configuration #$StaticSituation) (#$isa #$Configuration #$ExistingObjectType) (#$comment #$ConfiguringEvent "The collection of events in which at least two spatially distinct objects become spatially configured relative to each other, producing an instance of #$Configuration.") (#$genls #$ConfiguringEvent #$Individual) (#$genls #$ConfiguringEvent #$PhysicalEvent) (#$isa #$ConfiguringEvent #$TemporalObjectType) (#$comment #$ConflictEvent "A collection of all events in #$SocialOccurrence that can be called 'conflicts'. For each #$ConflictEvent CONF, there are at least two #$IntelligentAgents AGT1 and AGT2 such that (#$opponentsInConflict AGT1 AGT2 CONF) holds. For each #$ConflictEvent CONF, there are subevents ACT1 and ACT2 of CONF, which are #$PurposefulActions, and there are GOAL1 and GOAL2 such that (#$purposeInEvent AGT1 ACT1 GOAL1), (#$purposeInEvent AGT2 ACT2 GOAL2), and GOAL1 and GOAL2 are in conflict, i.e., (#$and GOAL1 GOAL2) is not consistent (in the current #$Microtheory).") (#$genls #$ConflictEvent #$Individual) (#$genls #$ConflictEvent #$SocialOccurrence) (#$isa #$ConflictEvent #$TemporalObjectType) (#$comment #$Confusion-Generic "Every element of this collection is a feeling of being confused or bewildered.") (#$genls #$Confusion-Generic #$FeelingAttribute) (#$isa #$Confusion-Generic #$AtemporalNecessarilyEssentialCollectionType) (#$isa #$Confusion-Generic #$FeelingType) (#$comment #$CongenitalCondition "A specialization of #$PhysiologicalCondition. Each instance of #$CongenitalCondition is a physiological condition that is present in an organism from the time of gestation (i.e. before birth). Instances of #$CongenitalCondition may be genetic conditions (see the specialization #$GeneticCondition) or they may be caused by the behavior of the mother during pregnancy (for example, as in a case of congenital heroin addiction).") (#$genls #$CongenitalCondition #$Individual) (#$genls #$CongenitalCondition #$PhysiologicalCondition) (#$isa #$CongenitalCondition #$PhysiologicalConditionType) (#$arg1Isa #$connectedAlongSurface #$PartiallyTangible) (#$arg1Isa #$connectedAlongSurface #$PartiallyTangible) (#$arg2Isa #$connectedAlongSurface #$PartiallyTangible) (#$arg2Isa #$connectedAlongSurface #$PartiallyTangible) (#$argIsa #$connectedAlongSurface 1 #$PartiallyTangible) (#$argIsa #$connectedAlongSurface 1 #$PartiallyTangible) (#$argIsa #$connectedAlongSurface 1 #$PartiallyTangible) (#$argIsa #$connectedAlongSurface 2 #$PartiallyTangible) (#$argIsa #$connectedAlongSurface 2 #$PartiallyTangible) (#$argIsa #$connectedAlongSurface 2 #$PartiallyTangible) (#$arity #$connectedAlongSurface 2) (#$comment #$connectedAlongSurface "(#$connectedAlongSurface OBJ1 OBJ2) means that the surface of OBJ1 is #$connectedTo OBJ2 over a significant extent of OBJ2 (either area-wise or linearly).") (#$genlPreds #$connectedAlongSurface #$alignedAlongSurface) (#$genlPreds #$connectedAlongSurface #$connectedAtContact) (#$isa #$connectedAlongSurface #$ConnectionPredicate) (#$isa #$connectedAlongSurface #$InterExistingObjectPredicate) (#$isa #$connectedAlongSurface #$IrreflexiveBinaryPredicate) (#$isa #$connectedAlongSurface #$SpatialPredicate) (#$arg1Isa #$connectedAtContact #$PartiallyTangible) (#$arg1Isa #$connectedAtContact #$PartiallyTangible) (#$arg2Isa #$connectedAtContact #$PartiallyTangible) (#$arg2Isa #$connectedAtContact #$PartiallyTangible) (#$argIsa #$connectedAtContact 1 #$PartiallyTangible) (#$argIsa #$connectedAtContact 1 #$PartiallyTangible) (#$argIsa #$connectedAtContact 1 #$PartiallyTangible) (#$argIsa #$connectedAtContact 2 #$PartiallyTangible) (#$argIsa #$connectedAtContact 2 #$PartiallyTangible) (#$argIsa #$connectedAtContact 2 #$PartiallyTangible) (#$arity #$connectedAtContact 2) (#$comment #$connectedAtContact "(#$connectedAtContact OBJ1 OBJ2) means that OBJ1 and OBJ2 are #$connectedTo each other at a point of contact. I.e. OBJ1 #$touches OBJ2. This includes all cases of #$connectedTo except some when the two object are #$connectedViaConnector.") (#$genlInverse #$connectedAtContact #$connectedAtContact) (#$genlInverse #$connectedAtContact #$connectedAtContact) (#$genlPreds #$connectedAtContact #$connectedTo) (#$genlPreds #$connectedAtContact #$touches) (#$isa #$connectedAtContact #$ConnectionPredicate) (#$isa #$connectedAtContact #$InterExistingObjectPredicate) (#$isa #$connectedAtContact #$SpatialPredicate) (#$isa #$connectedAtContact #$SymmetricBinaryPredicate) (#$arg1Isa #$connectedAtEnd #$PartiallyTangible) (#$arg1Isa #$connectedAtEnd #$PartiallyTangible) (#$arg2Isa #$connectedAtEnd #$PartiallyTangible) (#$arg2Isa #$connectedAtEnd #$PartiallyTangible) (#$argIsa #$connectedAtEnd 1 #$PartiallyTangible) (#$argIsa #$connectedAtEnd 1 #$PartiallyTangible) (#$argIsa #$connectedAtEnd 1 #$PartiallyTangible) (#$argIsa #$connectedAtEnd 2 #$PartiallyTangible) (#$argIsa #$connectedAtEnd 2 #$PartiallyTangible) (#$argIsa #$connectedAtEnd 2 #$PartiallyTangible) (#$arity #$connectedAtEnd 2) (#$comment #$connectedAtEnd "(#$connectedAtEnd OBJ1 OBJ2) means that an end of #$LongAndThin OBJ1 is #$connectedTo OBJ2.") (#$genlPreds #$connectedAtEnd #$connectedAtContact) (#$genlPreds #$connectedAtEnd #$touchesAtEnd) (#$isa #$connectedAtEnd #$ConnectionPredicate) (#$isa #$connectedAtEnd #$InterExistingObjectPredicate) (#$isa #$connectedAtEnd #$SpatialPredicate) (#$arg1Format #$connectedByPathType #$openEntryFormatInArgs) (#$arg1Genl #$connectedByPathType #$PartiallyTangible) (#$arg1Genl #$connectedByPathType #$PartiallyTangible) (#$arg1Genl #$connectedByPathType #$Path-Simple) (#$arg1Genl #$connectedByPathType #$Path-Simple) (#$arg1Isa #$connectedByPathType #$FirstOrderCollection) (#$arg1Isa #$connectedByPathType #$FirstOrderCollection) (#$arg2Format #$connectedByPathType #$openEntryFormatInArgs) (#$arg2Isa #$connectedByPathType #$PartiallyTangible) (#$arg2Isa #$connectedByPathType #$PartiallyTangible) (#$arg3Format #$connectedByPathType #$openEntryFormatInArgs) (#$arg3Isa #$connectedByPathType #$PartiallyTangible) (#$arg3Isa #$connectedByPathType #$PartiallyTangible) (#$argFormat #$connectedByPathType 1 #$openEntryFormatInArgs) (#$argFormat #$connectedByPathType 2 #$openEntryFormatInArgs) (#$argFormat #$connectedByPathType 3 #$openEntryFormatInArgs) (#$argGenl #$connectedByPathType 1 #$PartiallyTangible) (#$argGenl #$connectedByPathType 1 #$PartiallyTangible) (#$argGenl #$connectedByPathType 1 #$PartiallyTangible) (#$argGenl #$connectedByPathType 1 #$Path-Simple) (#$argGenl #$connectedByPathType 1 #$Path-Simple) (#$argGenl #$connectedByPathType 1 #$Path-Simple) (#$argIsa #$connectedByPathType 1 #$FirstOrderCollection) (#$argIsa #$connectedByPathType 1 #$FirstOrderCollection) (#$argIsa #$connectedByPathType 1 #$FirstOrderCollection) (#$argIsa #$connectedByPathType 2 #$PartiallyTangible) (#$argIsa #$connectedByPathType 2 #$PartiallyTangible) (#$argIsa #$connectedByPathType 2 #$PartiallyTangible) (#$argIsa #$connectedByPathType 3 #$PartiallyTangible) (#$argIsa #$connectedByPathType 3 #$PartiallyTangible) (#$argIsa #$connectedByPathType 3 #$PartiallyTangible) (#$arity #$connectedByPathType 3) (#$comment #$connectedByPathType "(#$connectedByPathType PATHTYPE THING1 THING2) means that there is some instance of PATHTYPE (where PATHTYPE is a specialization of both #$Path-Simple and #$PartiallyTangible) connecting (see #$pathConnects) THING1 and THING2.") (#$isa #$connectedByPathType #$CustomaryPathCycLConstant) (#$isa #$connectedByPathType #$SpatialPredicate) (#$isa #$connectedByPathType #$TernaryPredicate) (#$arg1Isa #$connectedInSystem #$Thing) (#$arg1Isa #$connectedInSystem #$Thing) (#$arg2Isa #$connectedInSystem #$Thing) (#$arg2Isa #$connectedInSystem #$Thing) (#$arg3Isa #$connectedInSystem #$PathSystem) (#$arg3Isa #$connectedInSystem #$PathSystem) (#$argIsa #$connectedInSystem 3 #$PathSystem) (#$argIsa #$connectedInSystem 3 #$PathSystem) (#$argIsa #$connectedInSystem 3 #$PathSystem) (#$argIsa #$connectedInSystem 1 #$Thing) (#$argIsa #$connectedInSystem 1 #$Thing) (#$argIsa #$connectedInSystem 1 #$Thing) (#$argIsa #$connectedInSystem 2 #$Thing) (#$argIsa #$connectedInSystem 2 #$Thing) (#$argIsa #$connectedInSystem 2 #$Thing) (#$arity #$connectedInSystem 3) (#$arity #$connectedInSystem 3) (#$comment #$connectedInSystem "(#$connectedInSystem X Y SYS) means that there is a path PATH in the #$PathSystem SYS such that (#$pathBetweenInSystem PATH X Y SYS) holds, or else X and Y are the same point in SYS. This predicate applies to a particular #$PathSystem, and the connectedness is an equivalence relation on that system, i.e., it is reflexive, transitive and symmetrical on that system.") (#$isa #$connectedInSystem #$PathSystemCycLConstant) (#$isa #$connectedInSystem #$TernaryPredicate) (#$comment #$ConnectedPathSystem "A subcollection of #$PathSystem instances of which are \"connected\", as opposed to being in separate pieces. For any distinct points A and B in a connected path system SYS, there is a path PATH in SYS that both A and B are on. That is, a path system SYS is an instance of #$ConnectedPathSystem if and only if, for any distinct points A and B in SYS, there is a path PATH in SYS such that (#$pathBetweenInSystem PATH A B SYS) holds. Note that according to this definition, a connected path system does not necessarily contain a link -- a path system containing a single node and no links will be a connected path system. Note also that because of the CycL treatment of paths (see #$pathInSystem) and nodes (see #$nodeInSystem), there is a path between every two points in SYS just in case there is a path between every two nodes in SYS.") (#$genls #$ConnectedPathSystem #$PathSystem) (#$genls #$ConnectedPathSystem #$Thing) (#$isa #$ConnectedPathSystem #$Collection) (#$isa #$ConnectedPathSystem #$PathSystemCycLConstant) (#$isa #$ConnectedPathSystem #$PathSystemType-Structural) (#$comment #$ConnectedPhysicalPathSystem "The collection of all (partially) tangible physical path systems which are connected.") (#$genls #$ConnectedPhysicalPathSystem #$ConnectedPathSystem) (#$genls #$ConnectedPhysicalPathSystem #$Individual) (#$genls #$ConnectedPhysicalPathSystem #$PartiallyTangible) (#$genls #$ConnectedPhysicalPathSystem #$SpatialPathSystem) (#$isa #$ConnectedPhysicalPathSystem #$FirstOrderCollection) (#$arg1Format #$connectedTo #$SetTheFormat) (#$arg1Isa #$connectedTo #$PartiallyTangible) (#$arg2Format #$connectedTo #$SetTheFormat) (#$arg2Isa #$connectedTo #$PartiallyTangible) (#$argFormat #$connectedTo 1 #$SetTheFormat) (#$argFormat #$connectedTo 2 #$SetTheFormat) (#$argIsa #$connectedTo 1 #$PartiallyTangible) (#$argIsa #$connectedTo 1 #$PartiallyTangible) (#$argIsa #$connectedTo 2 #$PartiallyTangible) (#$argIsa #$connectedTo 2 #$PartiallyTangible) (#$arity #$connectedTo 2) (#$comment #$connectedTo "(#$connectedTo OBJ1 OBJ2) means that OBJ1 and OBJ2 are (directly or indirectly) physically attached in a way that allows at most only limited types of relative motion between them. A hinged connection, for example, allows limited rotational motion between OBJ1 and OBJ2. OBJ1 and OBJ2 must be in a #$Solid-StateOfMatter. In many cases, being #$connectedTo implicitly involves another object(s); e.g. a door is #$connectedTo a door frame by a hinge, which is itself #$connectedTo-Directly (q.v.) both the door and the frame.") (#$genlInverse #$connectedTo #$connectedTo) (#$genlPreds #$connectedTo #$movesWith) (#$genlPreds #$connectedTo #$spatiallyRelated) (#$isa #$connectedTo #$CoEquivalenceBinaryPredicate) (#$isa #$connectedTo #$ConnectionPredicate) (#$isa #$connectedTo #$IrreflexiveBinaryPredicate) (#$isa #$connectedTo #$SpatialPredicate) (#$isa #$connectedTo #$SymmetricBinaryPredicate) (#$negationPreds #$connectedTo #$in-ImmersedGeneric) (#$arg1Isa #$connectedTo-Directly #$SolidTangibleThing) (#$arg1Isa #$connectedTo-Directly #$SolidTangibleThing) (#$arg2Isa #$connectedTo-Directly #$SolidTangibleThing) (#$arg2Isa #$connectedTo-Directly #$SolidTangibleThing) (#$argIsa #$connectedTo-Directly 1 #$SolidTangibleThing) (#$argIsa #$connectedTo-Directly 1 #$SolidTangibleThing) (#$argIsa #$connectedTo-Directly 1 #$SolidTangibleThing) (#$argIsa #$connectedTo-Directly 2 #$SolidTangibleThing) (#$argIsa #$connectedTo-Directly 2 #$SolidTangibleThing) (#$argIsa #$connectedTo-Directly 2 #$SolidTangibleThing) (#$arity #$connectedTo-Directly 2) (#$comment #$connectedTo-Directly "(#$connectedTo-Directly OBJ1 OBJ2) means that OBJ1 and OBJ2 are directly attached in a way that allows at most only certain types of relative motion between them. Adjacent links in a bicycle chain, for example, can only undergo limited rotational motion in relation to each other. OBJ1 and OBJ2 must both be #$SolidTangibleThings, must be directly touching each other, and their mutual connectedness must _not_ obtain merely in virtue of some third object's serving as a connector between them. For a generalization of this that does not imply a _direct_ connection between objects, see #$connectedTo (which is in effect the transitive closure of #$connectedTo-Directly).") (#$genlInverse #$connectedTo-Directly #$connectedTo-Directly) (#$genlPreds #$connectedTo-Directly #$connectedTo) (#$genlPreds #$connectedTo-Directly #$touchesDirectly-NotAsPart) (#$isa #$connectedTo-Directly #$ConnectionPredicate) (#$isa #$connectedTo-Directly #$CotemporalObjectsSlot) (#$isa #$connectedTo-Directly #$SpatialPredicate) (#$isa #$connectedTo-Directly #$SymmetricBinaryPredicate) (#$arg1Format #$connectedTo-Rigidly #$SetTheFormat) (#$arg1Isa #$connectedTo-Rigidly #$SolidTangibleThing) (#$arg1Isa #$connectedTo-Rigidly #$SolidTangibleThing) (#$arg2Format #$connectedTo-Rigidly #$SetTheFormat) (#$arg2Isa #$connectedTo-Rigidly #$SolidTangibleThing) (#$arg2Isa #$connectedTo-Rigidly #$SolidTangibleThing) (#$argFormat #$connectedTo-Rigidly 1 #$SetTheFormat) (#$argFormat #$connectedTo-Rigidly 2 #$SetTheFormat) (#$argIsa #$connectedTo-Rigidly 1 #$SolidTangibleThing) (#$argIsa #$connectedTo-Rigidly 1 #$SolidTangibleThing) (#$argIsa #$connectedTo-Rigidly 1 #$SolidTangibleThing) (#$argIsa #$connectedTo-Rigidly 2 #$SolidTangibleThing) (#$argIsa #$connectedTo-Rigidly 2 #$SolidTangibleThing) (#$argIsa #$connectedTo-Rigidly 2 #$SolidTangibleThing) (#$arity #$connectedTo-Rigidly 2) (#$comment #$connectedTo-Rigidly "(#$connectedTo-Rigidly OBJ1 OBJ2) means that OBJ1 and OBJ2 are joined so that no relative motion between them can occur at the point of connection unless the connection is severed by breakage of some part of the connected objects or by disassembly of the connection. Further, no relative motion between the contact surfaces of OBJ1 nor OBJ2 may occur. Thus, if a nail is rigidly connected to a board, the only way for that relationship to no longer hold is if the nail is pulled out of the hole (e.g. by a hammer or crowbar) or if the nail or board is broken in a critical location. Note that (#$connectedTo-Rigidly OBJ1 OBJ2) does admit cases in which OBJ1 or OBJ2 undergo plastic deformation. For example, consider the case of a disc rigidly connected via glue (see #$gluedTo) to a rubber sheet. The rubber sheet and disc may undergo significant relative motion. Both of the connected objects are solid.") (#$genlInverse #$connectedTo-Rigidly #$connectedTo-Rigidly) (#$genlInverse #$connectedTo-Rigidly #$connectedTo-Rigidly) (#$genlPreds #$connectedTo-Rigidly #$connectedTo-Directly) (#$isa #$connectedTo-Rigidly #$ConnectionPredicate) (#$isa #$connectedTo-Rigidly #$CotemporalObjectsSlot) (#$isa #$connectedTo-Rigidly #$InterExistingObjectPredicate) (#$isa #$connectedTo-Rigidly #$SpatialPredicate) (#$isa #$connectedTo-Rigidly #$SymmetricBinaryPredicate) (#$negationPreds #$connectedTo-Rigidly #$hangsFrom) (#$arg1Isa #$connectedTo-SemiRigidly #$SolidTangibleThing) (#$arg1Isa #$connectedTo-SemiRigidly #$SolidTangibleThing) (#$arg2Isa #$connectedTo-SemiRigidly #$SolidTangibleThing) (#$arg2Isa #$connectedTo-SemiRigidly #$SolidTangibleThing) (#$argIsa #$connectedTo-SemiRigidly 1 #$SolidTangibleThing) (#$argIsa #$connectedTo-SemiRigidly 1 #$SolidTangibleThing) (#$argIsa #$connectedTo-SemiRigidly 1 #$SolidTangibleThing) (#$argIsa #$connectedTo-SemiRigidly 2 #$SolidTangibleThing) (#$argIsa #$connectedTo-SemiRigidly 2 #$SolidTangibleThing) (#$argIsa #$connectedTo-SemiRigidly 2 #$SolidTangibleThing) (#$arity #$connectedTo-SemiRigidly 2) (#$comment #$connectedTo-SemiRigidly "A #$ConnectionPredicate and thus a specialization of #$connectedTo. (#$connectedTo-SemiRigidly OBJ1 OBJ2) means that there is a physical connection between OBJ1 and OBJ2 that is flexibile enough to permit limited (and only limited) movement of OBJ1 and/or OBJ2 around the point of connection. Positive examples include a front cover hinged to the spine of a book (see #$flapHingedTo) and the gall bladder's attachment to the liver. Negative examples include a wheel's connection to its axle and a door hinged to a door frame; in both cases the freedom of movement derives from geometrical or mechanical properties of the objects and their connectors, rather than from the flexibity of the connected objects. Note that all flexible connections place some limit on the freedom of relative motion they allow. An extreme example (in the \"more free\" direction) is the connection between the propeller and fuselage of a rubberband-powered toy airplane.") (#$genlInverse #$connectedTo-SemiRigidly #$connectedTo-SemiRigidly) (#$genlInverse #$connectedTo-SemiRigidly #$connectedTo-SemiRigidly) (#$genlPreds #$connectedTo-SemiRigidly #$connectedTo) (#$isa #$connectedTo-SemiRigidly #$ConnectionPredicate) (#$isa #$connectedTo-SemiRigidly #$IrreflexiveBinaryPredicate) (#$isa #$connectedTo-SemiRigidly #$SymmetricBinaryPredicate) (#$arg1Isa #$connectedViaConnector #$SolidTangibleThing) (#$arg1Isa #$connectedViaConnector #$SolidTangibleThing) (#$arg2Isa #$connectedViaConnector #$SolidTangibleThing) (#$arg2Isa #$connectedViaConnector #$SolidTangibleThing) (#$argIsa #$connectedViaConnector 1 #$SolidTangibleThing) (#$argIsa #$connectedViaConnector 1 #$SolidTangibleThing) (#$argIsa #$connectedViaConnector 1 #$SolidTangibleThing) (#$argIsa #$connectedViaConnector 2 #$SolidTangibleThing) (#$argIsa #$connectedViaConnector 2 #$SolidTangibleThing) (#$argIsa #$connectedViaConnector 2 #$SolidTangibleThing) (#$arity #$connectedViaConnector 2) (#$comment #$connectedViaConnector "(#$connectedViaConnector OBJ1 OBJ2) means that OBJ1 and OBJ2 are connected via a connector which is #$connectedTo each of them. It is not necessarily the case that OBJ1 #$touches OBJ2, but neither is it prohibited.") (#$genlInverse #$connectedViaConnector #$connectedViaConnector) (#$genlPreds #$connectedViaConnector #$connectedTo) (#$isa #$connectedViaConnector #$ConnectionPredicate) (#$isa #$connectedViaConnector #$InterExistingObjectPredicate) (#$isa #$connectedViaConnector #$SpatialPredicate) (#$isa #$connectedViaConnector #$SymmetricBinaryPredicate) (#$comment #$ConnectingTogether "A collection of events. In a #$ConnectingTogether event, two or more tangible things get physically connected together (attached) by means of some sort of connector or fastener. Some specializations of this include welding, buckling-up, using nailing, tying-up, etc. #$ConnectingTogether need not be a spec of #$Movement-TranslationEvent since two objects being connected may be already at rest with each other.") (#$genls #$ConnectingTogether #$ActionOnObject) (#$genls #$ConnectingTogether #$AttachmentEvent) (#$genls #$ConnectingTogether #$Individual) (#$isa #$ConnectingTogether #$DefaultDisjointScriptType) (#$isa #$ConnectingTogether #$TemporalObjectType) (#$siblingDisjointExceptions #$ConnectingTogether #$BiologicalEvent) (#$comment #$Connection-Physical "A specialization of #$SolidTangibleThing. Each instance of #$Connection-Physical is a group consisting of parts of at least two instances of #$PartiallyTangible that are in physical contact and which are connected in way such that they resist spatial separation. Examples include the connection between a table leg and a tabletop, two pieces of metal welded together, and a hinge joining a CD case cover to its backing (the last would be an instance of the more specialized collection #$Joint-Physical). While each #$Connection-Physical is an instance of #$SolidTangibleThing, and therefore has a determinate spatial boundary, there are many cases in which there are no easily describable boundaries between the parts of connected objects that are parts of the connection, and those which are not. For example, consider a connection between a table and one of its legs. If the leg is merely glued to the bottom surface of the table top, the exact spatial boundaries of the connection bewteen the parts is not clear. In contrast, the connection between a sewing needle and a thread attached by a knot to its eye is more clearly defined, because the boundaries of their connected parts are more easily determined. The group consisting of the knot and the eye of the needle determine the spatial extent of the connection.") (#$genls #$Connection-Physical #$Individual) (#$genls #$Connection-Physical #$SolidTangibleThing) (#$isa #$Connection-Physical #$ExistingObjectType) (#$comment #$ConnectionPredicate "A #$PredicateCategory that is a specialization of #$SpatialPredicate, #$TangibleObjectPredicate, #$CotemporalObjectsSlot, and #$InterExistingObjectPredicate (qq.v.). Each instance of #$ConnectionPredicate is a specialization of #$connectedTo (q.v.), and is used to describe a particular sort of physical connection between pairs of objects. Examples include #$nailedTo, #$rivetedTo, #$connectedTo-Rigidly, #$rotationallyConnectedTo, #$hangsFrom, and #$in-Embedded.") (#$commonGenlPreds #$ConnectionPredicate #$connectedTo) (#$genls #$ConnectionPredicate #$CotemporalObjectsSlot) (#$genls #$ConnectionPredicate #$InterExistingObjectPredicate) (#$genls #$ConnectionPredicate #$PhysicalFeatureDescribingPredicate) (#$genls #$ConnectionPredicate #$SpatialPredicate) (#$genls #$ConnectionPredicate #$TangibleObjectPredicate) (#$isa #$ConnectionPredicate #$AtemporalNecessarilyEssentialCollectionType) (#$isa #$ConnectionPredicate #$PredicateCategory) (#$sharedNotes #$ConnectionPredicate #$NoteAboutPredicateCategories) (#$comment #$Connector "A specialization of #$NonPoweredDevice. Each instance of #$Connector is a device which connects two objects. An instance of #$Connector may be a part incorporated into one or both of the objects connected, or it may be a totally separate device. Notable specializations of #$Connector include #$Staple, #$Pin, and #$Nail.") (#$disjointWith #$Connector #$ClothingOutfit) (#$disjointWith #$Connector #$Garment) (#$disjointWith #$Connector #$Weapon) (#$genls #$Connector #$Individual) (#$genls #$Connector #$NonPoweredDevice) (#$isa #$Connector #$ExistingObjectType) (#$comment #$Cons "The important \"cons\" function included in all Lisp implementations.") (#$isa #$Cons #$Individual) (#$isa #$Cons #$ProgramFunction) (#$arg1Isa #$consistent #$ELSentence-Assertible) (#$argIsa #$consistent 1 #$ELSentence-Assertible) (#$argIsa #$consistent 1 #$ELSentence-Assertible) (#$arity #$consistent 1) (#$comment #$consistent "A predicate which asserts of sentences that they do not contradict currently known facts. (#$consistent SENTENCE) means that the #$ELSentence-Assertible SENTENCE is consistent with assertions known in the current context. Consequently, (#$consistent SENTENCE) holds in a #$Microtheory MT just in case, for any assertion ASSERT that holds in MT, SENTENCE does not imply the negation of ASSERT. Note that this predicate is #$notAssertible. See also #$inconsistentWithMt.") (#$genlPreds #$consistent #$admittedSentence) (#$isa #$consistent #$CoreConstant) (#$isa #$consistent #$UnaryPredicate) (#$arg1Format #$constantGUID #$SingleEntry) (#$arg1Format #$constantGUID #$SingleEntry) (#$arg1Isa #$constantGUID #$CycLConstant) (#$arg1Isa #$constantGUID #$CycLConstant) (#$arg2Format #$constantGUID #$SingleEntry) (#$arg2Format #$constantGUID #$SingleEntry) (#$arg2Isa #$constantGUID #$SubLString) (#$arg2Isa #$constantGUID #$SubLString) (#$argFormat #$constantGUID 1 #$SingleEntry) (#$argFormat #$constantGUID 2 #$SingleEntry) (#$argIsa #$constantGUID 1 #$CycLConstant) (#$argIsa #$constantGUID 1 #$CycLConstant) (#$argIsa #$constantGUID 2 #$SubLString) (#$argIsa #$constantGUID 2 #$SubLString) (#$arity #$constantGUID 2) (#$comment #$constantGUID "A predicate which relates each Cyc constant to a globally unique external identification string for it. This string is the string representation of the Globally Unique Identifier (GUID) uniquely associated with the constant, which is guaranteed to be unique across time and space. (#$constantGUID CONSTANT GUID-STRING) states that the #$SubLString GUID-STRING is the string representation of the unique external id for the #$CycLConstant CONSTANT. For obvious reasons, this predicate is #$notAssertible.") (#$isa #$constantGUID #$CoreImplementationConstant) (#$isa #$constantGUID #$StrictlyFunctionalSlot) (#$relationAllExists #$constantGUID #$CycLConstant #$SubLString) (#$strictlyFunctionalInArgs #$constantGUID 1) (#$strictlyFunctionalInArgs #$constantGUID 2) (#$completeExtentKnown #$constantGUID) (#$arg1Format #$constantID #$SingleEntry) (#$arg1Isa #$constantID #$CycLConstant) (#$arg2Format #$constantID #$SingleEntry) (#$arg2Isa #$constantID #$NonNegativeInteger) (#$argFormat #$constantID 1 #$SingleEntry) (#$argFormat #$constantID 2 #$SingleEntry) (#$argIsa #$constantID 1 #$CycLConstant) (#$argIsa #$constantID 1 #$CycLConstant) (#$argIsa #$constantID 2 #$NonNegativeInteger) (#$argIsa #$constantID 2 #$NonNegativeInteger) (#$arity #$constantID 2) (#$comment #$constantID "A predicate which relates each Cyc constant to an internal identification number for it. This number is unique within any given image, though not necessarily across images. (#$constantID CONSTANT ID) states that the #$NonNegativeInteger ID is the unique internal id for the #$CycLConstant CONSTANT. For obvious reasons, this predicate is #$notAssertible.") (#$isa #$constantID #$CoreImplementationConstant) (#$isa #$constantID #$StrictlyFunctionalSlot) (#$relationAllExists #$constantID #$CycLConstant #$NonNegativeInteger) (#$strictlyFunctionalInArgs #$constantID 1) (#$strictlyFunctionalInArgs #$constantID 2) (#$completeExtentKnown #$constantID) (#$arg1Format #$constantName #$SingleEntry) (#$arg1Isa #$constantName #$CycLConstant) (#$arg2Format #$constantName #$SingleEntry) (#$arg2Isa #$constantName #$SubLString) (#$argFormat #$constantName 1 #$SingleEntry) (#$argFormat #$constantName 2 #$SingleEntry) (#$argIsa #$constantName 1 #$CycLConstant) (#$argIsa #$constantName 1 #$CycLConstant) (#$argIsa #$constantName 2 #$SubLString) (#$argIsa #$constantName 2 #$SubLString) (#$arity #$constantName 2) (#$comment #$constantName "(#$constantName CONSTANT STRING) means that the #$SubLString STRING is the \"name\" for the #$CycLConstant CONSTANT. That is, STRING is the string of characters that make up CONSTANT, minus the initial \"#\" and the following \"$\".") (#$isa #$constantName #$CoreConstant) (#$isa #$constantName #$StrictlyFunctionalSlot) (#$strictlyFunctionalInArgs #$constantName 1) (#$strictlyFunctionalInArgs #$constantName 2) (#$completeExtentKnown #$constantName) (#$comment #$ConstativeIllocutionaryForce "A collection of illocutionary forces. If a communication act has an instance of this collection as an attribute, the #$senderOfInfo expresses a belief and intends that the #$communicationTarget or the #$recipientOfInfo-Intended hold a like belief.") (#$genls #$ConstativeIllocutionaryForce #$AttributeValue) (#$isa #$ConstativeIllocutionaryForce #$AtemporalNecessarilyEssentialCollectionType) (#$isa #$ConstativeIllocutionaryForce #$IllocutionaryForceType) (#$isa #$ConstativeIllocutionaryForce #$ObjectType) (#$arg1Isa #$constituentInSituation #$Situation-Temporal) (#$arg2Format #$constituentInSituation #$SetTheFormat) (#$arg2Isa #$constituentInSituation #$Individual) (#$argFormat #$constituentInSituation 2 #$SetTheFormat) (#$argIsa #$constituentInSituation 2 #$Individual) (#$argIsa #$constituentInSituation 2 #$Individual) (#$argIsa #$constituentInSituation 1 #$Situation-Temporal) (#$argIsa #$constituentInSituation 1 #$Situation-Temporal) (#$arity #$constituentInSituation 2) (#$comment #$constituentInSituation "(#$constituentInSituation SIT IND) means that individual IND is a constituent of the situation SIT. In other words, IND is 'part of' SIT. However, this is importantly different than the parthood relation expressed by #$parts and its specializations, because the constituents of a given situation are not parts per se. #$constituentInSituation is a generalization of #$actors, which applies only to events. Example: Bill Clinton and the Oval Office are consituents of every situation in which Bill Clinton stands in the Oval Office.") (#$isa #$constituentInSituation #$BinaryPredicate) (#$isa #$constituentInSituation #$BinaryRolePredicate) (#$isa #$constituentInSituation #$IrreflexiveBinaryPredicate) (#$relationAllExists #$constituentInSituation #$MentalSituation #$Agent-Generic) (#$arg1Format #$constituents #$PartsFormat) (#$arg1Isa #$constituents #$PartiallyTangible) (#$arg2Format #$constituents #$SetTheFormat) (#$arg2Isa #$constituents #$PartiallyTangible) (#$argFormat #$constituents 1 #$PartsFormat) (#$argFormat #$constituents 2 #$SetTheFormat) (#$argIsa #$constituents 1 #$PartiallyTangible) (#$argIsa #$constituents 1 #$PartiallyTangible) (#$argIsa #$constituents 2 #$PartiallyTangible) (#$argIsa #$constituents 2 #$PartiallyTangible) (#$arity #$constituents 2) (#$comment #$constituents "The predicate #$constituents is used to indicate a particular #$PartiallyTangible which makes up another (possibly non-distinct) #$PartiallyTangible thing. (#$constituents WHL PART) means that the individual object WHL is partially constituted by PART, and PART is more or less uniformly distributed in WHL. For example, the two teaspoons of chocolate syrup that I put in my milk become #$constituents of my glass of chocolate milk. Note that #$constituents does not entail any special kind of association or bond among the constituents of a thing; they might be simply mixed, they might be chemically bonded, and they might be part of some complex structure.") (#$genlPreds #$constituents #$physicalDecompositions) (#$interArgIsa1-2 #$constituents #$Molecule (#$GroupFn #$Atom)) (#$isa #$constituents #$AntiSymmetricBinaryPredicate) (#$isa #$constituents #$BinaryPredicate) (#$isa #$constituents #$CotemporalObjectsSlot) (#$isa #$constituents #$PartPredicate) (#$isa #$constituents #$PhysicalCompositionPredicate) (#$isa #$constituents #$ReflexiveBinaryPredicate) (#$isa #$constituents #$TransitiveBinaryPredicate) (#$relationAllExists #$constituents #$ModernShelterConstruction #$BuildingMaterial) (#$relationAllExists #$constituents #$MineralOre #$StoneStuff) (#$relationAllExists #$constituents #$MetalAlloy #$UnalloyedMetal) (#$relationAllExists #$constituents #$MineralOre #$UnalloyedMetal) (#$relationAllExistsMin #$constituents #$Mixture #$PartiallyTangible 2) (#$sharedNotes #$constituents #$NoteAboutIsaVsMainConstituentVsConstituents) (#$arg1Format #$constrainingObject #$SetTheFormat) (#$arg1Isa #$constrainingObject #$MovementEvent) (#$arg1Isa #$constrainingObject #$MovementEvent) (#$arg2Format #$constrainingObject #$SetTheFormat) (#$arg2Isa #$constrainingObject #$PartiallyTangible) (#$arg2Isa #$constrainingObject #$PartiallyTangible) (#$argFormat #$constrainingObject 1 #$SetTheFormat) (#$argFormat #$constrainingObject 2 #$SetTheFormat) (#$argIsa #$constrainingObject 1 #$MovementEvent) (#$argIsa #$constrainingObject 1 #$MovementEvent) (#$argIsa #$constrainingObject 1 #$MovementEvent) (#$argIsa #$constrainingObject 2 #$PartiallyTangible) (#$argIsa #$constrainingObject 2 #$PartiallyTangible) (#$argIsa #$constrainingObject 2 #$PartiallyTangible) (#$arity #$constrainingObject 2) (#$comment #$constrainingObject "An #$ActorSlot for objects that serve physically to constrain the movements of other objects in #$MovementEvents, either by affecting their trajectories, by limiting or reducing their speeds, by determining the general types of movements they undergo (e.g. rotational vs. translational), or by having some other constrictive effect on their motions. (#$constrainingObject MOTION OBJ) means that OBJ physically constrains the motion of some moving object (see #$objectMoving) in MOTION. OBJECT must be in physical contact with (see #$touches) this moving object during at least part of MOTION. OBJECT might or might not be in motion itself. Situations in which #$constrainingObjects applies include: an axle constraining a wheel turning, a car or other #$transporter carrying passengers, and a railroad track guiding a train. A road driven on by a car is a marginally negative example of a constraining-object: although the road facilitates the car's motion and in typical cases indirectly determines (via the driver's steering) its trajectory, the car can be driven off the road.") (#$genlPreds #$constrainingObject #$postActors) (#$genlPreds #$constrainingObject #$preActors) (#$isa #$constrainingObject #$ActorSlot) (#$minimizeExtent #$constrainingObject) (#$comment (#$constrainsArg #$argsGenl 0) "By convention, this sentence means that GAFs built from #$argGenl put a constraint on _all_ of the specified relation's argument-places. See the comment for #$constrainsArg.") (#$comment (#$constrainsArg #$argsIsa 0) "By convention, this sentence means that GAFs built from #$argIsa put a constraint on _all_ of the specified relation's argument-places. See the comment for #$constrainsArg.") (#$arg1Format #$constrainsArg #$SetTheFormat) (#$arg1Isa #$constrainsArg #$MetaRelation) (#$arg2Format #$constrainsArg #$SetTheFormat) (#$arg2Isa #$constrainsArg #$NonNegativeInteger) (#$argFormat #$constrainsArg 1 #$SetTheFormat) (#$argFormat #$constrainsArg 2 #$SetTheFormat) (#$argIsa #$constrainsArg 1 #$MetaRelation) (#$argIsa #$constrainsArg 1 #$MetaRelation) (#$argIsa #$constrainsArg 2 #$NonNegativeInteger) (#$argIsa #$constrainsArg 2 #$NonNegativeInteger) (#$arity #$constrainsArg 2) (#$comment #$constrainsArg "A #$MetaRelation predicate for stating that a given meta-relation is used to put an argument-type or format constraint (see e.g. #$ArgConstraintPredicate) on a given argument-place of a relation. (#$constrainsArg METARELN N) means that METARELN is always used to put a constraint on a relation's Nth argument-place. For example, (#$constrainsArg #$arg2Isa 2) holds. A slight deviation from the above occurs when N is 0: we take (#$constrainsArg METARELN 0) to mean that METARELN is used to constrain _all_ of a relation's argument-places; see e.g. #$argsIsa and #$argsGenl.") (#$isa #$constrainsArg #$BinaryPredicate) (#$isa #$constrainsArg #$CoreConstant) (#$isa #$constrainsArg #$DefaultMonotonicPredicate) (#$isa #$constrainsArg #$IntangibleObjectRelatingPredicate) (#$isa #$constrainsArg #$MetaPredicate) (#$isa #$constrainsArg #$MetaPredicate) (#$isa #$constrainsArg #$OpenCycDefinitionalPredicate) (#$arg1Isa #$constrainsArgs #$InterArgConstraintPredicate) (#$arg2Isa #$constrainsArgs #$PositiveInteger) (#$arg3Isa #$constrainsArgs #$PositiveInteger) (#$argIsa #$constrainsArgs 1 #$InterArgConstraintPredicate) (#$argIsa #$constrainsArgs 1 #$InterArgConstraintPredicate) (#$argIsa #$constrainsArgs 2 #$PositiveInteger) (#$argIsa #$constrainsArgs 2 #$PositiveInteger) (#$argIsa #$constrainsArgs 3 #$PositiveInteger) (#$argIsa #$constrainsArgs 3 #$PositiveInteger) (#$arity #$constrainsArgs 3) (#$comment #$constrainsArgs "(#$constrainsArgs INTER-ARG-PRED M N) means that the #$InterArgConstraintPredicate (q.v.) INTER-ARG-PRED can be used to place an inter-argument type or format constraint on the Nth argument of a relation to which it is applied, conditional upon the relation's corresponding Mth argument.") (#$isa #$constrainsArgs #$MetaPredicate) (#$isa #$constrainsArgs #$MetaPredicate) (#$isa #$constrainsArgs #$TernaryPredicate) (#$comment #$Constructing "A specialization of #$MakingSomething. In each instance of this collection, one or more #$ConstructionArtifacts, such as a house or a road, are made (or incrementally enlarged or remodeled).") (#$genls #$Constructing #$Event) (#$genls #$Constructing #$Individual) (#$genls #$Constructing #$MakingSomething) (#$isa #$Constructing #$DefaultDisjointScriptType) (#$isa #$Constructing #$TemporalStuffType) (#$comment #$ConstructionArtifact "A specialization of #$Artifact. Each instance of #$ConstructionArtifact is a structure designed and built by humans. This collection includes buildings and parts of buildings, as well as things like dams, railroad lines, and roads. Examples include the #$RomanColiseum, the #$ArcDeTriomphe, #$HooverDam, the #$EmpireStateBuilding, and the #$HollywoodBowl. Note that the collection #$ConstructionArtifact includes some instances (such as instances of the specialization #$MannedSpacecraft) that are not tied to a fixed location, as well as some instances (such as instances of the specialization #$BridgeSpan) that, although tied to a fixed location, are not free-standing artifacts. #$FixedStructure, an important specialization of #$ConstructionArtifact, is the collection of free-standing construction artifacts that are tied to a fixed location.") (#$disjointWith #$ConstructionArtifact #$CleaningDevice) (#$disjointWith #$ConstructionArtifact #$ConsumableProduct) (#$disjointWith #$ConstructionArtifact #$DrugSubstance) (#$disjointWith #$ConstructionArtifact #$EcologicalRegion) (#$disjointWith #$ConstructionArtifact #$Leather) (#$disjointWith #$ConstructionArtifact #$NaturalTangibleStuff) (#$disjointWith #$ConstructionArtifact #$SomethingToWear) (#$disjointWith #$ConstructionArtifact #$TextualMaterial) (#$disjointWith #$ConstructionArtifact #$Tool) (#$genls #$ConstructionArtifact #$Artifact) (#$genls #$ConstructionArtifact #$Artifact-NonAgentive) (#$genls #$ConstructionArtifact #$HumanScaleObject) (#$genls #$ConstructionArtifact #$Individual) (#$genls #$ConstructionArtifact #$SolidTangibleProduct) (#$isa #$ConstructionArtifact #$ExistingObjectType) (#$comment #$ConstructionCompany "A specialization of both #$CommercialServiceOrganization and #$PrivateSectorOrganization. Each instance of #$ConstructionCompany is an organization whose main function (see the constant #$MainFunction) is constructing or remodeling buildings, houses, dams, bridges, or other construction artifacts (see the collection #$ConstructionArtifact).") (#$genls #$ConstructionCompany #$Business) (#$genls #$ConstructionCompany #$CommercialServiceOrganization) (#$genls #$ConstructionCompany #$ConstructionRepairOrMaintenanceOrganization) (#$genls #$ConstructionCompany #$Individual) (#$genls #$ConstructionCompany #$PrivateSectorOrganization) (#$isa #$ConstructionCompany #$ExistingObjectType) (#$comment #$ConstructionRepairOrMaintenanceOrganization "#$ConstructionRepairOrMaintenanceOrganization is a specialization of #$Organization. Each instance of #$ConstructionRepairOrMaintenanceOrganization is an #$Organization that is primarily engaged in the construction industry or the business of repairing and maintaining physical structures or whose activities focus on that industry. Examples of specializations of #$ConstructionRepairOrMaintenanceOrganization include #$PestControlCompany and #$BuildingContractor-Organization.") (#$disjointWith #$ConstructionRepairOrMaintenanceOrganization #$Pharmacy) (#$disjointWith #$ConstructionRepairOrMaintenanceOrganization #$TravelOrganization) (#$genls #$ConstructionRepairOrMaintenanceOrganization #$Individual) (#$genls #$ConstructionRepairOrMaintenanceOrganization #$Organization) (#$isa #$ConstructionRepairOrMaintenanceOrganization #$ExistingObjectType) (#$isa #$ConstructionRepairOrMaintenanceOrganization #$OrganizationTypeByIndustry) (#$comment #$ConstructionVehicle "#$ConstructionVehicle is a specialization of #$LandTransportationDevice, #$TransportationDevice-Vehicle, and #$InternalCombustionPoweredDevice. Each instance of #$ConstructionVehicle is a land vehicle that is used to make roads, dams, buildings etc. They also may be either a #$WheeledTransportationDevice or a #$TrackedVehicle.") (#$genls #$ConstructionVehicle #$Individual) (#$genls #$ConstructionVehicle #$InternalCombustionPoweredDevice) (#$genls #$ConstructionVehicle #$LandTransportationDevice) (#$genls #$ConstructionVehicle #$TransportationDevice-Vehicle) (#$isa #$ConstructionVehicle #$ExistingObjectType) (#$isa #$ConstructionVehicle #$ProductType) (#$comment #$Consultant "A specialization of #$PersonWithOccupation. Each instance of #$Consultant is a person who works with some business in a consulting capacity. Consultants can be self employed, or they can work for a consulting company.") (#$genls #$Consultant #$BusinessPerson) (#$genls #$Consultant #$Individual) (#$genls #$Consultant #$PersonWithOccupation) (#$isa #$Consultant #$PersonTypeByOccupation) (#$comment #$ConsumableProduct "A specialization of #$PartiallyTangibleProduct. Each instance of #$ConsumableProduct is a product of which any portion can be used only once. A portion of a #$ConsumableProduct is `used up', i.e., destroyed or transformed into an unusable or waste form, during normal use. Note: `consumable' here does not necessarily mean consumed by mouth; the consumption may be any use of the product.") (#$disjointWith #$ConsumableProduct #$BuildingMaterial) (#$disjointWith #$ConsumableProduct #$Clothing-Bottom) (#$disjointWith #$ConsumableProduct #$Clothing-Top) (#$disjointWith #$ConsumableProduct #$Clothing-WholeBody) (#$disjointWith #$ConsumableProduct #$ComputationalSystem) (#$disjointWith #$ConsumableProduct #$OuterGarment) (#$disjointWith #$ConsumableProduct #$PathArtifactSystem) (#$disjointWith #$ConsumableProduct #$Platform-Military) (#$disjointWith #$ConsumableProduct #$ProjectileLauncher) (#$disjointWith #$ConsumableProduct #$RotaryWingAircraft) (#$disjointWith #$ConsumableProduct #$Tool) (#$disjointWith #$ConsumableProduct (#$GroupFn #$Computer)) (#$genls #$ConsumableProduct #$Individual) (#$genls #$ConsumableProduct #$PartiallyTangibleProduct) (#$isa #$ConsumableProduct #$ExistingStuffType) (#$isa #$ConsumableProduct #$ProductType) (#$arg1Isa #$consumesPortion #$Event) (#$arg1Isa #$consumesPortion #$Event) (#$arg2Format #$consumesPortion #$SetTheFormat) (#$arg2Isa #$consumesPortion #$PartiallyTangible) (#$arg2Isa #$consumesPortion #$PartiallyTangible) (#$argFormat #$consumesPortion 2 #$SetTheFormat) (#$argIsa #$consumesPortion 1 #$Event) (#$argIsa #$consumesPortion 1 #$Event) (#$argIsa #$consumesPortion 1 #$Event) (#$argIsa #$consumesPortion 2 #$PartiallyTangible) (#$argIsa #$consumesPortion 2 #$PartiallyTangible) (#$argIsa #$consumesPortion 2 #$PartiallyTangible) (#$arity #$consumesPortion 2) (#$comment #$consumesPortion "(#$consumesPortion EV OBJ) means that a portion of the object OBJ is used up (consumed) in the event EV. However, enough of OBJ remains at the end of EV for it to maintain its identity. Thus #$consumesPortion would be appropriate for an apple that has a bite taken out of it in an eating event, but not for an apple that has been eaten to its core, since the latter is no longer an apple.") (#$genlPreds #$consumesPortion #$objectActedOn) (#$isa #$consumesPortion #$ActorSlot) (#$isa #$consumesPortion #$ActorUseTypeSlot) (#$minimizeExtent #$consumesPortion) (#$comment #$ConsumingFoodOrDrink "A specialization of both #$Ingesting and #$AnimalActivity. Each instance of #$ConsumingFoodOrDrink is an event in which an animal ingests some portion of food or drink through its mouth. Notable specializations of #$ConsumingFoodOrDrink are #$EatingEvent and #$DrinkingEvent.") (#$genls #$ConsumingFoodOrDrink #$AnimalActivity) (#$genls #$ConsumingFoodOrDrink #$Individual) (#$genls #$ConsumingFoodOrDrink #$Ingesting) (#$genls #$ConsumingFoodOrDrink #$PhysicalDestructionEvent) (#$isa #$ConsumingFoodOrDrink #$DefaultDisjointScriptType) (#$isa #$ConsumingFoodOrDrink #$TemporalStuffType) (#$comment #$ContactInfoString "A specialization of #$IDString. Each instance of #$ContactInfoString is a character string that conveys information about how to contact an agent or a place (see #$ContactInformation). Specializations include #$PostalCode, #$DomainName, and #$PhoneNumber.") (#$genls #$ContactInfoString #$IDString) (#$genls #$ContactInfoString #$List) (#$isa #$ContactInfoString #$ObjectType) (#$comment #$ContactLocation "A specialization of #$PartiallyTangible. Each instance of #$ContactLocation is a location at which some particular agent (e.g. a person or a corporation) may be contacted by any of several means, for any of several purposes. #$ContactLocations include any place to which one may direct one or more of the following: letters, packages, phone calls or voice messages, bills, email, faxes, pages, subpoenas. Contact locations must be fairly specific -- e.g. my house or my office, but not simply my city of residence.") (#$disjointWith #$ContactLocation #$City) (#$disjointWith #$ContactLocation #$DrugSubstance) (#$disjointWith #$ContactLocation #$Horizon) (#$disjointWith #$ContactLocation #$State-Geopolitical) (#$genls #$ContactLocation #$Individual) (#$genls #$ContactLocation #$PartiallyTangible) (#$isa #$ContactLocation #$ContactLocationType) (#$isa #$ContactLocation #$ExistingObjectType) (#$comment #$ContactLocationType "A collection of collections. Each instance of #$ContactLocationType is a collection of places at which a particular agent may be contacted. Instances of #$ContactLocationType may be characterized in several different ways, including the following: by method of contact (e.g., #$VoicePhoneLocation, #$FaxLocation); by purpose of contact (e.g., #$BillingLocation, #$ShippingLocation, #$EmergencyContact); by the agent's relationship to those places (e.g., #$HumanResidence, #$Workplace). Note that a particular place may be an instance of two or more instances of #$ContactLocationType, since, for example, one person's home might be another's vacation location.") (#$disjointWith #$ContactLocationType #$AnimalTypeByGender) (#$disjointWith #$ContactLocationType #$AnimalTypeByMaturity) (#$disjointWith #$ContactLocationType #$BeliefSystemType) (#$disjointWith #$ContactLocationType #$LanguageGroupingType) (#$disjointWith #$ContactLocationType #$LifeStageType) (#$disjointWith #$ContactLocationType #$MicrotheoryType) (#$disjointWith #$ContactLocationType #$OrganismClassificationType) (#$disjointWith #$ContactLocationType #$OrganismPartType) (#$disjointWith #$ContactLocationType #$PersonTypeByActivity) (#$disjointWith #$ContactLocationType #$PersonTypeByCulture) (#$disjointWith #$ContactLocationType #$PersonTypeByPositionInOrg) (#$disjointWith #$ContactLocationType #$PharmacyProductType) (#$genls #$ContactLocationType #$ExistingObjectType) (#$isa #$ContactLocationType #$CollectionType) (#$isa #$ContactLocationType #$CollectionType) (#$isa #$ContactLocationType #$SecondOrderCollection) (#$typeGenls #$ContactLocationType #$ContactLocation) (#$comment #$ContactPointSubOrganization "#$ContactPointSubOrganization is a specialization of #$ServiceOrganization. Each instance of #$ContactPointSubOrganization is an organization that is a #$subOrganizations of another #$Organization and is an important (within the larger #$Organization) contact point between the public and that #$Organization or between the #$Organization's #$clients and the #$Organization.") (#$genls #$ContactPointSubOrganization #$Individual) (#$genls #$ContactPointSubOrganization #$Organization) (#$genls #$ContactPointSubOrganization #$ServiceOrganization) (#$isa #$ContactPointSubOrganization #$ExistingObjectType) (#$comment #$Container "The collection of tangible objects whose primary function (see #$primaryFunction) is to contain something (see #$ContainingSomething). Note that just about anything can serve as a container without actually being a container. For example the palm of your hand when cupped may contain some marbles. But because your palm is not always configured as and does not function primarily as a container, it would not be represented as a #$Container but would rather stand in a particular *relation* to the marbles via some containment predicate. To relate contents to the thing containing them (whether or not that thing is a #$Container) use one or more specific predicates indicating the type of containment present (#$in-ContOpen, #$in-ContClosed, #$in-ContFullOf, #$in-Held, #$packagedIn, #$physicallyContains, #$protectiveContains, ...). If the type of containment is not known use the general predicate #$in-ContGeneric.") (#$genls #$Container #$ContainerShapedObject) (#$genls #$Container #$Individual) (#$genls #$Container #$PartiallyTangible) (#$isa #$Container #$ExistingObjectType) (#$comment #$ContainerGMt "General microtheory for containers and containment") (#$genlMt #$ContainerGMt #$BaseKB) (#$genlMt #$ContainerGMt #$BaseKB) (#$genlMt #$ContainerGMt #$ContainerGVocabularyMt) (#$genlMt #$ContainerGMt #$GenericTemporalVocabularyMt) (#$genlMt #$ContainerGMt #$MathMt) (#$genlMt #$ContainerGMt #$NaivePhysicsMt) (#$isa #$ContainerGMt #$GeneralMicrotheory) (#$isa #$ContainerGMt #$TheoryMicrotheory) (#$comment #$ContainerGVocabularyMt "The #$VocabularyMicrotheory for NaiveDeviceBehaviorContainerGMt.") (#$genlMt #$ContainerGVocabularyMt #$BaseKB) (#$genlMt #$ContainerGVocabularyMt #$GenericTemporalVocabularyMt) (#$genlMt #$ContainerGVocabularyMt #$NaivePhysicsVocabularyMt) (#$isa #$ContainerGVocabularyMt #$VocabularyMicrotheory) (#$comment #$Container-PressureBarrier "A container which when closed does not necessarily have the same ambient pressure as that which surrounds it.") (#$genls #$Container-PressureBarrier #$Container) (#$genls #$Container-PressureBarrier #$Individual) (#$isa #$Container-PressureBarrier #$ExistingObjectType) (#$comment #$ContainerProduct "#$ContainerProduct is a specialization of #$Container, #$PhysicalDevice, and #$Artifact-NonAgentive. Each instance of #$ContainerProduct is an object whose primary function (or one of whose main functions) is to be a container. Instances of #$ContainerProduct include storage containers for books, office records, food, clothing, tools, and materials; containers for transporting the same; passenger compartments of various kinds of vehicles; and artificial constructs for housing humans and animals. Specializations include #$Crib, #$Sandbox, #$OfficeSpace, and #$Coffin.") (#$disjointWith #$ContainerProduct #$ComputationalSystem) (#$disjointWith #$ContainerProduct #$Engine) (#$disjointWith #$ContainerProduct #$InformationRecordingDevice) (#$disjointWith #$ContainerProduct #$ProjectileLauncher) (#$genls #$ContainerProduct #$Artifact-NonAgentive) (#$genls #$ContainerProduct #$Container) (#$genls #$ContainerProduct #$Individual) (#$genls #$ContainerProduct #$PhysicalDevice) (#$isa #$ContainerProduct #$ExistingObjectType) (#$comment #$ContainerShapedObject "The collection of #$CavityOrContainers which have a distinct or clearly defined outside surface (see #$ClearlyDefinedEntireExternalSurface). Unlike instances of the more specialized collection #$Container, instances of #$ContainerShapedObject do not necessarily contain things as their main function. Examples of #$ContainerShapedObject include the cap of an #$Acorn, the flower of a #$Tulip-Plant, a #$RadioTelescope dish, or a table tennis ball. Negative examples include a #$Cave. Although a cave is a #$CavityOrContainer it does not have clearly defined outside walls. However, the existence of clearly defined *inside* walls entails that any #$Cave is a #$CavityWithWalls (q.v.).") (#$genls #$ContainerShapedObject #$CavityOrContainer) (#$genls #$ContainerShapedObject #$Individual) (#$genls #$ContainerShapedObject #$PartiallyTangible) (#$isa #$ContainerShapedObject #$ExistingObjectType) (#$arg1Isa #$containerUsed #$Event) (#$arg1Isa #$containerUsed #$Event) (#$arg2Isa #$containerUsed #$Container) (#$arg2Isa #$containerUsed #$Container) (#$argIsa #$containerUsed 2 #$Container) (#$argIsa #$containerUsed 2 #$Container) (#$argIsa #$containerUsed 2 #$Container) (#$argIsa #$containerUsed 1 #$Event) (#$argIsa #$containerUsed 1 #$Event) (#$argIsa #$containerUsed 1 #$Event) (#$arity #$containerUsed 2) (#$comment #$containerUsed "(#$containerUsed EVENT CONT) means that the #$objectActedOn in EVENT is contained in (#$in-ContGeneric) CONT during EVENT, and that CONT facilitates EVENT being accomplished.") (#$genlPreds #$containerUsed #$instrument-Generic) (#$isa #$containerUsed #$ActorSlot) (#$sharedNotes #$containerUsed #$DecidingWhichInstrumentPredicateToUse) (#$sharedNotes #$containerUsed #$DecidingWhichInstrumentPredicateToUse) (#$minimizeExtent #$containerUsed) (#$arg1Isa #$containsCavityInteriorRegion #$PartiallyTangible) (#$arg1Isa #$containsCavityInteriorRegion #$PartiallyTangible) (#$arg2Isa #$containsCavityInteriorRegion #$CavityInteriorRegion) (#$arg2Isa #$containsCavityInteriorRegion #$CavityInteriorRegion) (#$argIsa #$containsCavityInteriorRegion 2 #$CavityInteriorRegion) (#$argIsa #$containsCavityInteriorRegion 2 #$CavityInteriorRegion) (#$argIsa #$containsCavityInteriorRegion 2 #$CavityInteriorRegion) (#$argIsa #$containsCavityInteriorRegion 1 #$PartiallyTangible) (#$argIsa #$containsCavityInteriorRegion 1 #$PartiallyTangible) (#$argIsa #$containsCavityInteriorRegion 1 #$PartiallyTangible) (#$arity #$containsCavityInteriorRegion 2) (#$comment #$containsCavityInteriorRegion "(#$containsCavityInteriorRegion OBJECT CAVITY) means that #$PartiallyTangible OBJECT has #$CavityInteriorRegion CAVITY as a hole or cavity.") (#$genlPreds #$containsCavityInteriorRegion #$hasAsCavity) (#$genlPreds #$containsCavityInteriorRegion #$surrounds-3D) (#$isa #$containsCavityInteriorRegion #$CotemporalObjectsSlot) (#$typedGenlPreds #$containsCavityInteriorRegion #$hasAsCavity) (#$arg1Format #$containsCavityWithWalls #$singleEntryFormatInArgs) (#$arg1Isa #$containsCavityWithWalls #$PartiallyTangible) (#$arg2Format #$containsCavityWithWalls #$SetTheFormat) (#$arg2Isa #$containsCavityWithWalls #$CavityWithWalls) (#$argFormat #$containsCavityWithWalls 2 #$SetTheFormat) (#$argFormat #$containsCavityWithWalls 1 #$singleEntryFormatInArgs) (#$argIsa #$containsCavityWithWalls 2 #$CavityWithWalls) (#$argIsa #$containsCavityWithWalls 2 #$CavityWithWalls) (#$argIsa #$containsCavityWithWalls 1 #$PartiallyTangible) (#$argIsa #$containsCavityWithWalls 1 #$PartiallyTangible) (#$arity #$containsCavityWithWalls 2) (#$comment #$containsCavityWithWalls "(#$containsCavityWithWalls OBJECT CAVITY) means that the #$PartiallyTangible OBJECT contains the #$CavityWithWalls CAVITY either somewhere within OBJECT, or on OBJECT's surface.") (#$genlPreds #$containsCavityWithWalls #$hasAsCavity) (#$genlPreds #$containsCavityWithWalls #$physicalParts) (#$isa #$containsCavityWithWalls #$AntiTransitiveBinaryPredicate) (#$isa #$containsCavityWithWalls #$AsymmetricBinaryPredicate) (#$isa #$containsCavityWithWalls #$CotemporalObjectsSlot) (#$isa #$containsCavityWithWalls #$FunctionalPredicate) (#$isa #$containsCavityWithWalls #$PhysicalPartPredicate) (#$negationInverse #$containsCavityWithWalls #$containsCavityWithWalls) (#$negationInverse #$containsCavityWithWalls #$containsCavityWithWalls) (#$negationPreds #$containsCavityWithWalls #$physicalPortions) (#$typedGenlPreds #$containsCavityWithWalls #$hasAsCavity) (#$typedGenlPreds #$containsCavityWithWalls #$physicalParts) (#$arg1Isa #$containsInformation #$InformationStore) (#$arg2Format #$containsInformation #$openEntryFormatInArgs) (#$arg2Isa #$containsInformation #$AbstractInformationalThing) (#$argFormat #$containsInformation 2 #$openEntryFormatInArgs) (#$argIsa #$containsInformation 2 #$AbstractInformationalThing) (#$argIsa #$containsInformation 2 #$AbstractInformationalThing) (#$argIsa #$containsInformation 1 #$InformationStore) (#$argIsa #$containsInformation 1 #$InformationStore) (#$arity #$containsInformation 2) (#$comment #$containsInformation "A binary predicate that relates instances of #$InformationStore to instances of #$AbstractInformationalThing. (#$containsInformation IS INFO) means that INFO is part of the information content of the #$InformationBearingThing, IS. See also #$containsPropositionalInfo-Complete. For assertions that a given IBT contains information about a given #$Thing, see #$containsInformationAbout and its specializations.") (#$genlPreds #$containsInformation #$intangibleParts) (#$isa #$containsInformation #$NonPhysicalPartPredicate) (#$relationAllExists #$containsInformation #$InformationBearingThing #$AbstractInformationalThing) (#$relationAllExists #$containsInformation #$KnowledgePackage-CW #$CycLAssertion) (#$arg1Format #$containsInformationAbout #$openEntryFormatInArgs) (#$arg1Isa #$containsInformationAbout #$InformationStore) (#$arg1Isa #$containsInformationAbout #$InformationStore) (#$arg2Format #$containsInformationAbout #$openEntryFormatInArgs) (#$arg2Isa #$containsInformationAbout #$Thing) (#$arg2Isa #$containsInformationAbout #$Thing) (#$argFormat #$containsInformationAbout 1 #$openEntryFormatInArgs) (#$argFormat #$containsInformationAbout 2 #$openEntryFormatInArgs) (#$argIsa #$containsInformationAbout 1 #$InformationStore) (#$argIsa #$containsInformationAbout 1 #$InformationStore) (#$argIsa #$containsInformationAbout 1 #$InformationStore) (#$argIsa #$containsInformationAbout 2 #$Thing) (#$argIsa #$containsInformationAbout 2 #$Thing) (#$argIsa #$containsInformationAbout 2 #$Thing) (#$arity #$containsInformationAbout 2) (#$comment #$containsInformationAbout "An #$ObjectPredicate and specialization of #$topicOfIndividual that relates a given #$InformationStore (q.v.) to the thing(s) it contains information about. (#$containsInformationAbout INFOSTORE THING) means INFOSTORE is at least in part \"about\" THING. THING might be any sort of thing at all. For instance, THING may be an individual, as in (#$containsInformationAbout #$TheTorontoStar-TheNewspaper #$CityOfTorontoOntario); or THING might be a collection, as in (#$containsInformationAbout #$PokemonWorld-WWWSite #$PokemonCharacter). This is a very general notion of aboutness, which does not require that THING be explicitly referred to in INFOSTORE, or that it be the main topic of INFOSTORE. (For cases where THING is the main topic, use the more specific #$containsInformationAbout-Focally.) On the other hand, note that an information store's containing information about a given collection or set is generally _not_ a sufficient condition for its containing information about any particular elements of that collection or set. See also #$containsInformation, which relates #$InformationBearingThings to the information (in the form of #$AbstractInformationalThings) they contain.") (#$genlPreds #$containsInformationAbout #$topicOfIndividual) (#$isa #$containsInformationAbout #$BinaryPredicate) (#$isa #$containsInformationAbout #$ObjectPredicate) (#$relationAllExists #$containsInformationAbout #$ScheduleDocument #$Event-Organized) (#$arg1Format #$containsInformationAbout-Focally #$openEntryFormatInArgs) (#$arg1Isa #$containsInformationAbout-Focally #$InformationStore) (#$arg2Format #$containsInformationAbout-Focally #$openEntryFormatInArgs) (#$arg2Isa #$containsInformationAbout-Focally #$Thing) (#$argFormat #$containsInformationAbout-Focally 1 #$openEntryFormatInArgs) (#$argFormat #$containsInformationAbout-Focally 2 #$openEntryFormatInArgs) (#$argIsa #$containsInformationAbout-Focally 1 #$InformationStore) (#$argIsa #$containsInformationAbout-Focally 1 #$InformationStore) (#$argIsa #$containsInformationAbout-Focally 2 #$Thing) (#$argIsa #$containsInformationAbout-Focally 2 #$Thing) (#$arity #$containsInformationAbout-Focally 2) (#$comment #$containsInformationAbout-Focally "This predicate relates sources of information to their main topics. (#$containsInformationAbout-Focally IS THING) means that IS is generally \"about\" THING -- which may be any instance of #$Thing at all. This predicate represents a very general notion of aboutness, which does not require that THING be explicitly named in IS, but that it be one of the main topics of IS. Note that IS can have more than one main topic -- e.g., a textbook can have both logic and set theory as main topics. Use the more general predicate #$containsInformationAbout to specify that IS contains some information about THING, but that THING is not a main topic of IS.") (#$genlPreds #$containsInformationAbout-Focally #$containsInformationAbout) (#$isa #$containsInformationAbout-Focally #$BinaryPredicate) (#$arg1Format #$containsPortals #$SingleEntry) (#$arg1Isa #$containsPortals #$PartiallyTangible) (#$arg1Isa #$containsPortals #$PartiallyTangible) (#$arg2Format #$containsPortals #$SetTheFormat) (#$arg2Isa #$containsPortals #$Portal) (#$arg2Isa #$containsPortals #$Portal) (#$argFormat #$containsPortals 2 #$SetTheFormat) (#$argFormat #$containsPortals 1 #$SingleEntry) (#$argIsa #$containsPortals 1 #$PartiallyTangible) (#$argIsa #$containsPortals 1 #$PartiallyTangible) (#$argIsa #$containsPortals 1 #$PartiallyTangible) (#$argIsa #$containsPortals 2 #$Portal) (#$argIsa #$containsPortals 2 #$Portal) (#$argIsa #$containsPortals 2 #$Portal) (#$arity #$containsPortals 2) (#$comment #$containsPortals "(#$containsPortals OBJECT PORTAL) means that the OBJECT has PORTAL as one of its holes, passages, exits or entrances.") (#$genlPreds #$containsPortals #$hasAsCavity) (#$genlPreds #$containsPortals #$parts) (#$isa #$containsPortals #$AntiTransitiveBinaryPredicate) (#$isa #$containsPortals #$AntiTransitiveBinaryPredicate) (#$isa #$containsPortals #$AsymmetricBinaryPredicate) (#$isa #$containsPortals #$CotemporalObjectsSlot) (#$isa #$containsPortals #$FunctionalPredicate) (#$isa #$containsPortals #$PhysicalPartPredicate) (#$negationInverse #$containsPortals #$containsPortals) (#$relationAllExists #$containsPortals #$ModernShelterConstruction #$Doorway) (#$strictlyFunctionalInArgs #$containsPortals 1) (#$typedGenlPreds #$containsPortals #$hasAsCavity) (#$arg1Isa #$containsPrograms #$SoftwareObject-Individual) (#$arg1Isa #$containsPrograms #$SoftwareObject-Individual) (#$arg2Format #$containsPrograms #$SetTheFormat) (#$arg2Isa #$containsPrograms #$SoftwareObject-Individual) (#$arg2Isa #$containsPrograms #$SoftwareObject-Individual) (#$argFormat #$containsPrograms 2 #$SetTheFormat) (#$argIsa #$containsPrograms 1 #$SoftwareObject-Individual) (#$argIsa #$containsPrograms 1 #$SoftwareObject-Individual) (#$argIsa #$containsPrograms 1 #$SoftwareObject-Individual) (#$argIsa #$containsPrograms 2 #$SoftwareObject-Individual) (#$argIsa #$containsPrograms 2 #$SoftwareObject-Individual) (#$argIsa #$containsPrograms 2 #$SoftwareObject-Individual) (#$arity #$containsPrograms 2) (#$comment #$containsPrograms "This predicate relates computer programs to their subprograms. (#$containsPrograms BIG LITTLE) means that BIG has LITTLE as one of its subprograms. For example, (#$containsPrograms #$MSOffice #$MSPowerPoint) means that Microsoft Office contains Microsoft PowerPoint. Use the more specific #$containsModules if LITTLE is not executable on its own.") (#$genlPreds #$containsPrograms #$subWork) (#$isa #$containsPrograms #$AsymmetricBinaryPredicate) (#$isa #$containsPrograms #$TransitiveBinaryPredicate) (#$negationInverse #$containsPrograms #$containsPrograms) (#$relationAllExists #$containsPrograms #$OperatingSystem #$OperatingSystemKernel) (#$typedGenlPreds #$containsPrograms #$subWork) (#$arg1Isa #$containsPropositionalInfo-Complete #$InformationStore) (#$arg2Format #$containsPropositionalInfo-Complete #$singleEntryFormatInArgs) (#$arg2Isa #$containsPropositionalInfo-Complete #$PropositionalInformationThing) (#$argFormat #$containsPropositionalInfo-Complete 2 #$singleEntryFormatInArgs) (#$argIsa #$containsPropositionalInfo-Complete 1 #$InformationStore) (#$argIsa #$containsPropositionalInfo-Complete 1 #$InformationStore) (#$argIsa #$containsPropositionalInfo-Complete 2 #$PropositionalInformationThing) (#$argIsa #$containsPropositionalInfo-Complete 2 #$PropositionalInformationThing) (#$arity #$containsPropositionalInfo-Complete 2) (#$comment #$containsPropositionalInfo-Complete "A binary predicate which relates instances of #$InformationBearingThing to instances of #$PropositionalInformationThing. (#$containsPropositionalInfo-Complete IS INFO) means that the #$InformationStore IS contains all and only the propositional information content of the #$PropositionalInformationThing, INFO . This predicate is a specialization of #$containsInformation, which relates instances of #$InformationStore to instances of #$AbstractInformationalThing.") (#$genlPreds #$containsPropositionalInfo-Complete #$containsInformation) (#$isa #$containsPropositionalInfo-Complete #$FunctionalPredicate) (#$isa #$containsPropositionalInfo-Complete #$NonPhysicalPartPredicate) (#$comment #$ContaminationEvent "A specialization of #$IntrinsicStateChangeEvent. In each instance of #$ContaminationEvent, some instance of #$PartiallyTangible comes to contain a contaminant, and this state of affairs is considered undesirable from the point of view of some agent (see the related predicate #$unwantedMatter). Specializations of #$ContaminationEvent include #$InfectionTransmissionEvent and #$PollutionProcess.") (#$genls #$ContaminationEvent #$Individual) (#$genls #$ContaminationEvent #$PhysicalEvent) (#$genls #$ContaminationEvent #$SomethingAppearingSomewhere) (#$genls #$ContaminationEvent #$SomethingAppearingSomewhere) (#$isa #$ContaminationEvent #$DefaultDisjointScriptType) (#$arg1Format #$contemporaryInArg #$openEntryFormatInArgs) (#$arg1Isa #$contemporaryInArg #$Predicate) (#$arg2Format #$contemporaryInArg #$openEntryFormatInArgs) (#$arg2Isa #$contemporaryInArg #$PositiveInteger) (#$argFormat #$contemporaryInArg 1 #$openEntryFormatInArgs) (#$argFormat #$contemporaryInArg 2 #$openEntryFormatInArgs) (#$argIsa #$contemporaryInArg 2 #$PositiveInteger) (#$argIsa #$contemporaryInArg 2 #$PositiveInteger) (#$argIsa #$contemporaryInArg 1 #$Predicate) (#$argIsa #$contemporaryInArg 1 #$Predicate) (#$arity #$contemporaryInArg 2) (#$comment #$contemporaryInArg "(#$contemporaryInArg PRED N) means that the #$Predicate PRED is such that whenever a formula (PRED ... ARGN ...), with ARGN a #$TemporalThing, is true at a moment in time, it will be the case that the moment belongs to the temporal extent of ARGN (i.e., that ARGN temporally subsumes the moment). For example, it's the case that (#$contemporaryInArg #$awareOf 1). So from the assertion (#$holdsIn (#$YearFn 1992) (#$awareOf Fred #$GeorgeWashington)), we can conclude (given that Fred is a #$TemporalThing) that Fred was alive throughout (temporally subsumes) 1992. But it's not the case that (#$contemporaryInArg #$awareOf 2). And indeed we wouldn't want to conclude that #$GeorgeWashington was alive throughout 1992. In general (with the qualifications indicated below), an assertion (#$holdsIn TIME (PRED ... ARGN ...)), with PRED such that (#$contemporaryInArg PRED N) and ARGN a #$TemporalThing, licenses the conclusion (#$temporallySubsumes ARGN TIME). And an assertion (#$holdsSometimeDuring TIME (PRED ... ARGN ...)) licenses the conclusion (#$temporallyIntersects ARGN TIME). Although what constitutes a moment can vary with context, for most microtheories explicit considerations of temporal granularity (in this sense) don't come into play. In particular, in the case of most microtheories, one doesn't have to worry about the possibility of gaps in the fabric of time between moments. (Such gaps would undermine the conclusion above about temporal subsumption.) Another qualification is that ARGN is not a #$IndexicalFirstOrderTerm; in practice, it almost never is. In order for a predicate PRED to be contemporary in its Nth argument-place, the arity of PRED must be greater than or equal to N, and the argument-type of the Nth argument-place of PRED must be non-disjoint with #$TemporalThing (or, more generally, the intersection of the argument-types of the Nth argument-place of PRED must be non-disjoint with #$TemporalThing). This is to bar cases in which a predicate would otherwise trivially qualify as contemporary in its Nth argument-place. Note that #$CotemporalObjectsSlots are contemporary in both their first and second argument-places, and #$CotemporalPredicates are contemporary in at least one argument-place.") (#$isa #$contemporaryInArg #$BinaryPredicate) (#$isa #$contemporaryInArg #$MetaPredicate) (#$relationAllExists #$contemporaryInArg #$CotemporalPredicate #$PositiveInteger) (#$relationAllInstance #$contemporaryInArg #$CotemporalObjectsSlot 1) (#$relationAllInstance #$contemporaryInArg #$CotemporalObjectsSlot 2) (#$comment #$Contempt "Emotion characterized by vehement condemnation of its object as being low, vile, feeble, or ignominious. This is a #$Collection --- for an explanation of that, see #$Happiness. Some more specialized #$FeelingTypes than #$Contempt are #$Hate, #$Abhorrence, etc. ") (#$genls #$Contempt #$Disapproval) (#$genls #$Contempt #$Dislike) (#$isa #$Contempt #$AtemporalNecessarilyEssentialCollectionType) (#$isa #$Contempt #$FeelingType) (#$comment #$Contemptuous "A specialization of #$IntelligentAgent. Each instance is an agent in the emotional state of being contemptuous. Use this constant with a #$GenericValueFunction to denote a collection of agents that are in this emotional state to some varying degree.") (#$genls #$Contemptuous #$Individual) (#$genls #$Contemptuous #$IntelligentAgent) (#$isa #$Contemptuous #$AgentTypeByEmotionalState) (#$isa #$Contemptuous #$FirstOrderCollection) (#$comment #$Contentment "Feeling of satisfaction with one's possessions, status, or situation. Appeasement to the point where one is not disquieted or disturbed by a desire for what s/he does not have") (#$genls #$Contentment #$Satisfaction) (#$isa #$Contentment #$AtemporalNecessarilyEssentialCollectionType) (#$isa #$Contentment #$FeelingType) (#$arg1Format #$contiguousAfter #$SetTheFormat) (#$arg1Isa #$contiguousAfter #$TemporalThing) (#$arg2Format #$contiguousAfter #$SetTheFormat) (#$arg2Isa #$contiguousAfter #$TemporalThing) (#$argFormat #$contiguousAfter 1 #$SetTheFormat) (#$argFormat #$contiguousAfter 2 #$SetTheFormat) (#$argIsa #$contiguousAfter 1 #$TemporalThing) (#$argIsa #$contiguousAfter 1 #$TemporalThing) (#$argIsa #$contiguousAfter 2 #$TemporalThing) (#$argIsa #$contiguousAfter 2 #$TemporalThing) (#$arity #$contiguousAfter 2) (#$comment #$contiguousAfter "(#$contiguousAfter AFTER BEFORE) means that the #$TemporalThing AFTER starts immediately following the #$TemporalThing BEFORE. AFTER and BEFORE have no time points in common, but there is also no time point between the ending of BEFORE and the starting of AFTER.") (#$genlPreds #$contiguousAfter #$startsAfterEndingOf) (#$isa #$contiguousAfter #$AntiTransitiveBinaryPredicate) (#$isa #$contiguousAfter #$AsymmetricBinaryPredicate) (#$isa #$contiguousAfter #$ComplexTemporalPredicate) (#$negationInverse #$contiguousAfter #$contiguousAfter) (#$relationAllExists #$contiguousAfter #$CalendarCentury #$CalendarDay) (#$relationAllExists #$contiguousAfter #$CalendarDecade #$CalendarDay) (#$relationAllExists #$contiguousAfter #$CalendarHalfCentury #$CalendarDay) (#$relationAllExists #$contiguousAfter #$CalendarMonth #$CalendarDay) (#$relationAllExists #$contiguousAfter #$CalendarQuarter #$CalendarDay) (#$relationAllExists #$contiguousAfter #$CalendarWeek #$CalendarDay) (#$relationAllExists #$contiguousAfter #$CalendarYear #$CalendarDay) (#$relationAllExists #$contiguousAfter #$CalendarCentury #$CalendarDecade) (#$relationAllExists #$contiguousAfter #$CalendarHalfCentury #$CalendarDecade) (#$relationAllExists #$contiguousAfter #$CalendarCentury #$CalendarHalfCentury) (#$relationAllExists #$contiguousAfter #$CalendarCentury #$CalendarHour) (#$relationAllExists #$contiguousAfter #$CalendarDay #$CalendarHour) (#$relationAllExists #$contiguousAfter #$CalendarDecade #$CalendarHour) (#$relationAllExists #$contiguousAfter #$CalendarHalfCentury #$CalendarHour) (#$relationAllExists #$contiguousAfter #$CalendarMonth #$CalendarHour) (#$relationAllExists #$contiguousAfter #$CalendarQuarter #$CalendarHour) (#$relationAllExists #$contiguousAfter #$CalendarWeek #$CalendarHour) (#$relationAllExists #$contiguousAfter #$CalendarYear #$CalendarHour) (#$relationAllExists #$contiguousAfter #$CalendarCentury #$CalendarMinute) (#$relationAllExists #$contiguousAfter #$CalendarDay #$CalendarMinute) (#$relationAllExists #$contiguousAfter #$CalendarDecade #$CalendarMinute) (#$relationAllExists #$contiguousAfter #$CalendarHalfCentury #$CalendarMinute) (#$relationAllExists #$contiguousAfter #$CalendarHour #$CalendarMinute) (#$relationAllExists #$contiguousAfter #$CalendarMonth #$CalendarMinute) (#$relationAllExists #$contiguousAfter #$CalendarQuarter #$CalendarMinute) (#$relationAllExists #$contiguousAfter #$CalendarWeek #$CalendarMinute) (#$relationAllExists #$contiguousAfter #$CalendarYear #$CalendarMinute) (#$relationAllExists #$contiguousAfter #$CalendarCentury #$CalendarMonth) (#$relationAllExists #$contiguousAfter #$CalendarDecade #$CalendarMonth) (#$relationAllExists #$contiguousAfter #$CalendarHalfCentury #$CalendarMonth) (#$relationAllExists #$contiguousAfter #$CalendarQuarter #$CalendarMonth) (#$relationAllExists #$contiguousAfter #$CalendarYear #$CalendarMonth) (#$relationAllExists #$contiguousAfter #$CalendarCentury #$CalendarQuarter) (#$relationAllExists #$contiguousAfter #$CalendarDecade #$CalendarQuarter) (#$relationAllExists #$contiguousAfter #$CalendarHalfCentury #$CalendarQuarter) (#$relationAllExists #$contiguousAfter #$CalendarYear #$CalendarQuarter) (#$relationAllExists #$contiguousAfter #$CalendarCentury #$CalendarSecond) (#$relationAllExists #$contiguousAfter #$CalendarDay #$CalendarSecond) (#$relationAllExists #$contiguousAfter #$CalendarDecade #$CalendarSecond) (#$relationAllExists #$contiguousAfter #$CalendarHalfCentury #$CalendarSecond) (#$relationAllExists #$contiguousAfter #$CalendarHour #$CalendarSecond) (#$relationAllExists #$contiguousAfter #$CalendarMinute #$CalendarSecond) (#$relationAllExists #$contiguousAfter #$CalendarMonth #$CalendarSecond) (#$relationAllExists #$contiguousAfter #$CalendarWeek #$CalendarSecond) (#$relationAllExists #$contiguousAfter #$CalendarYear #$CalendarSecond) (#$relationAllExists #$contiguousAfter #$CalendarCentury #$CalendarYear) (#$relationAllExists #$contiguousAfter #$CalendarDecade #$CalendarYear) (#$relationAllExists #$contiguousAfter #$CalendarHalfCentury #$CalendarYear) (#$relationAllExists #$contiguousAfter #$Evening #$Morning) (#$relationExistsAll #$contiguousAfter #$CalendarDay #$CalendarCentury) (#$relationExistsAll #$contiguousAfter #$CalendarDecade #$CalendarCentury) (#$relationExistsAll #$contiguousAfter #$CalendarHalfCentury #$CalendarCentury) (#$relationExistsAll #$contiguousAfter #$CalendarHour #$CalendarCentury) (#$relationExistsAll #$contiguousAfter #$CalendarMinute #$CalendarCentury) (#$relationExistsAll #$contiguousAfter #$CalendarMonth #$CalendarCentury) (#$relationExistsAll #$contiguousAfter #$CalendarQuarter #$CalendarCentury) (#$relationExistsAll #$contiguousAfter #$CalendarSecond #$CalendarCentury) (#$relationExistsAll #$contiguousAfter #$CalendarYear #$CalendarCentury) (#$relationExistsAll #$contiguousAfter #$CalendarHour #$CalendarDay) (#$relationExistsAll #$contiguousAfter #$CalendarMinute #$CalendarDay) (#$relationExistsAll #$contiguousAfter #$CalendarSecond #$CalendarDay) (#$relationExistsAll #$contiguousAfter #$CalendarDay #$CalendarDecade) (#$relationExistsAll #$contiguousAfter #$CalendarHour #$CalendarDecade) (#$relationExistsAll #$contiguousAfter #$CalendarMinute #$CalendarDecade) (#$relationExistsAll #$contiguousAfter #$CalendarMonth #$CalendarDecade) (#$relationExistsAll #$contiguousAfter #$CalendarQuarter #$CalendarDecade) (#$relationExistsAll #$contiguousAfter #$CalendarSecond #$CalendarDecade) (#$relationExistsAll #$contiguousAfter #$CalendarYear #$CalendarDecade) (#$relationExistsAll #$contiguousAfter #$CalendarDay #$CalendarHalfCentury) (#$relationExistsAll #$contiguousAfter #$CalendarDecade #$CalendarHalfCentury) (#$relationExistsAll #$contiguousAfter #$CalendarHour #$CalendarHalfCentury) (#$relationExistsAll #$contiguousAfter #$CalendarMinute #$CalendarHalfCentury) (#$relationExistsAll #$contiguousAfter #$CalendarMonth #$CalendarHalfCentury) (#$relationExistsAll #$contiguousAfter #$CalendarQuarter #$CalendarHalfCentury) (#$relationExistsAll #$contiguousAfter #$CalendarSecond #$CalendarHalfCentury) (#$relationExistsAll #$contiguousAfter #$CalendarYear #$CalendarHalfCentury) (#$relationExistsAll #$contiguousAfter #$CalendarMinute #$CalendarHour) (#$relationExistsAll #$contiguousAfter #$CalendarSecond #$CalendarHour) (#$relationExistsAll #$contiguousAfter #$CalendarSecond #$CalendarMinute) (#$relationExistsAll #$contiguousAfter #$CalendarDay #$CalendarMonth) (#$relationExistsAll #$contiguousAfter #$CalendarHour #$CalendarMonth) (#$relationExistsAll #$contiguousAfter #$CalendarMinute #$CalendarMonth) (#$relationExistsAll #$contiguousAfter #$CalendarSecond #$CalendarMonth) (#$relationExistsAll #$contiguousAfter #$CalendarDay #$CalendarQuarter) (#$relationExistsAll #$contiguousAfter #$CalendarHour #$CalendarQuarter) (#$relationExistsAll #$contiguousAfter #$CalendarMinute #$CalendarQuarter) (#$relationExistsAll #$contiguousAfter #$CalendarMonth #$CalendarQuarter) (#$relationExistsAll #$contiguousAfter #$CalendarDay #$CalendarWeek) (#$relationExistsAll #$contiguousAfter #$CalendarHour #$CalendarWeek) (#$relationExistsAll #$contiguousAfter #$CalendarMinute #$CalendarWeek) (#$relationExistsAll #$contiguousAfter #$CalendarSecond #$CalendarWeek) (#$relationExistsAll #$contiguousAfter #$CalendarDay #$CalendarYear) (#$relationExistsAll #$contiguousAfter #$CalendarHour #$CalendarYear) (#$relationExistsAll #$contiguousAfter #$CalendarMinute #$CalendarYear) (#$relationExistsAll #$contiguousAfter #$CalendarMonth #$CalendarYear) (#$relationExistsAll #$contiguousAfter #$CalendarQuarter #$CalendarYear) (#$relationExistsAll #$contiguousAfter #$CalendarSecond #$CalendarYear) (#$relationExistsAll #$contiguousAfter #$Evening #$Morning) (#$minimizeExtent #$contiguousAfter) (#$comment #$Continent "A specialization of #$LandTopographicalFeature. The instances of #$Continent on the #$PlanetEarth are the six traditional main land masses on the surface of the earth (plus the two #$geographicalSubRegions of Eurasia, Europe and Asia). The current instances are: #$ContinentOfAfrica, #$ContinentOfAntarctica, #$ContinentOfAsia, #$ContinentOfAustralia, #$ContinentOfEurasia, #$ContinentOfEurope, #$ContinentOfNorthAmerica, #$ContinentOfSouthAmerica. Former instances of this collection include Pangaea and the two continents it broke up into, Gondwanaland and Laurasia (all of which are instances of #$TrueContinent (q.v.)).") (#$genls #$Continent #$GeographicalRegion) (#$genls #$Continent #$Individual) (#$genls #$Continent #$LandTopographicalFeature) (#$isa #$Continent #$ExistingObjectType) (#$comment #$ContinentOfAfrica "An instance of #$Continent. The #$ContinentOfAfrica is the second largest continent, located north and south of the #$Equator in the #$EasternHemisphere-Region. Africa is connected to Asia by the narrow Isthmus of Suez; it includes #$Madagascar and other offshore islands.") (#$isa #$ContinentOfAfrica #$Continent) (#$isa #$ContinentOfAfrica #$Entity) (#$isa #$ContinentOfAfrica #$Individual) (#$comment #$ContinentOfAsia "An instance of #$Continent. Most of the #$ContinentOfAsia lies in the #$EasternHemisphere-Region. #$ContinentOfAsia is bordered on the east by the #$PacificOcean (although some groups of islands in the Pacific -- for example, the chain of islands that make up #$Japan -- are also part of #$ContinentOfAsia), on the west by the #$ContinentOfEurope, and on the north by the #$ArcticOcean. The southern boundary of #$ContinentOfAsia includes the #$ArabianPeninsula.") (#$isa #$ContinentOfAsia #$Continent) (#$isa #$ContinentOfAsia #$Entity) (#$isa #$ContinentOfAsia #$Individual) (#$comment #$ContinentOfAustralia "An instance of #$Continent. #$ContinentOfAustralia is the smallest #$Continent. It is bounded by the #$TasmanSea and the #$PacificOcean on the east, the #$IndianOcean on the south and wast, and the #$CoralSea, the #$ArafuraSea, and the #$TimorSea on the north.") (#$isa #$ContinentOfAustralia #$Entity) (#$isa #$ContinentOfAustralia #$Individual) (#$isa #$ContinentOfAustralia #$IslandOrIslandGroup) (#$isa #$ContinentOfAustralia #$TrueContinent) (#$comment #$ContinentOfEurope "An instance of #$Continent. #$ContinentOfEurope is the sixth largest continent. It is separated from the #$ContinentOfAsia to the east by the #$UralMountains.") (#$isa #$ContinentOfEurope #$Continent) (#$isa #$ContinentOfEurope #$Entity) (#$isa #$ContinentOfEurope #$Individual) (#$comment #$ContinentOfNorthAmerica "An instance of #$Continent. The #$ContinentOfNorthAmerica lies in the #$WesternHemisphere-Region. It is bounded on the west by the #$PacificOcean, on the east by the #$AtlanticOcean, and on the south by the #$CaribbeanSea, and on the north by the #$ArcticOcean. North America includes #$CentralAmerica as well as the #$WestIndies-Archipelago as #$geographicalSubRegions.") (#$isa #$ContinentOfNorthAmerica #$Continent) (#$isa #$ContinentOfNorthAmerica #$Entity) (#$isa #$ContinentOfNorthAmerica #$Individual) (#$comment #$ContinentOfSouthAmerica "An instance of #$Continent. #$ContinentOfSouthAmerica is a continent in the #$WesternHemisphere-Region. It is bounded on the west by the #$PacificOcean, on the east by the #$AtlanticOcean, and on the north by the #$CaribbeanSea. It borders on #$CentralAmerica to its northwest, and its southernmost point is #$TierraDelFuego-TerritoryArgentina.") (#$isa #$ContinentOfSouthAmerica #$Continent) (#$isa #$ContinentOfSouthAmerica #$Entity) (#$isa #$ContinentOfSouthAmerica #$Individual) (#$arg1Format #$continuouslyConnectedTo #$openEntryFormatInArgs) (#$arg1Isa #$continuouslyConnectedTo #$PartiallyTangible) (#$arg1Isa #$continuouslyConnectedTo #$PartiallyTangible) (#$arg2Format #$continuouslyConnectedTo #$openEntryFormatInArgs) (#$arg2Isa #$continuouslyConnectedTo #$PartiallyTangible) (#$arg2Isa #$continuouslyConnectedTo #$PartiallyTangible) (#$argFormat #$continuouslyConnectedTo 1 #$openEntryFormatInArgs) (#$argFormat #$continuouslyConnectedTo 2 #$openEntryFormatInArgs) (#$argIsa #$continuouslyConnectedTo 1 #$PartiallyTangible) (#$argIsa #$continuouslyConnectedTo 1 #$PartiallyTangible) (#$argIsa #$continuouslyConnectedTo 1 #$PartiallyTangible) (#$argIsa #$continuouslyConnectedTo 2 #$PartiallyTangible) (#$argIsa #$continuouslyConnectedTo 2 #$PartiallyTangible) (#$argIsa #$continuouslyConnectedTo 2 #$PartiallyTangible) (#$arity #$continuouslyConnectedTo 2) (#$comment #$continuouslyConnectedTo "(#$continuouslyConnectedTo OBJ1 OBJ2) means that OBJ1 and OBJ2 are #$PartiallyTangibles which are directly and almost seamlessly connected (e.g. they are formed from the same chunk of material, with no substantial barrier or surface or gap separating them.).") (#$genlInverse #$continuouslyConnectedTo #$continuouslyConnectedTo) (#$genlPreds #$continuouslyConnectedTo #$touchesDirectly-Apartanomic) (#$isa #$continuouslyConnectedTo #$CoEquivalenceBinaryPredicate) (#$isa #$continuouslyConnectedTo #$CotemporalObjectsSlot) (#$isa #$continuouslyConnectedTo #$InterExistingObjectPredicate) (#$isa #$continuouslyConnectedTo #$IrreflexiveBinaryPredicate) (#$isa #$continuouslyConnectedTo #$PhysicalFeatureDescribingPredicate) (#$isa #$continuouslyConnectedTo #$SymmetricBinaryPredicate) (#$comment #$ContinuousPhysicalContactEvent "A collection of physical contact events in which two or more objects are in physical contact (see #$touches) throughout the event's entire duration.") (#$genls #$ContinuousPhysicalContactEvent #$ContinuousPhysicalContactSituation) (#$genls #$ContinuousPhysicalContactEvent #$Individual) (#$genls #$ContinuousPhysicalContactEvent #$PhysicalContactEvent) (#$isa #$ContinuousPhysicalContactEvent #$DefaultDisjointScriptType) (#$isa #$ContinuousPhysicalContactEvent #$TemporalStuffType) (#$comment #$ContinuousPhysicalContactSituation "A specialization of #$PhysicalContactSituation each instance of which involves two or more tangible objects touching (see #$touches) continuously throughout the entire duration of the situation. Every #$PhysicalContactSituation has a #$ContinuousPhysicalContactSituation as a (proper or improper) sub-situation (see #$subSituations).") (#$genls #$ContinuousPhysicalContactSituation #$Individual) (#$genls #$ContinuousPhysicalContactSituation #$PhysicalContactSituation) (#$isa #$ContinuousPhysicalContactSituation #$TemporalStuffType) (#$comment #$ContractNegotiation "The collection of negotiations intended to lead to the formation of a contract between the participants (or the parties they represent in the negotiations).") (#$genls #$ContractNegotiation #$Individual) (#$genls #$ContractNegotiation #$Negotiating) (#$genls #$ContractNegotiation #$PurposefulAction) (#$genls #$ContractNegotiation #$PurposefulAction) (#$isa #$ContractNegotiation #$TemporalObjectType) (#$arg1Isa #$contradictoryMt #$Microtheory) (#$arg2Isa #$contradictoryMt #$Microtheory) (#$argIsa #$contradictoryMt 1 #$Microtheory) (#$argIsa #$contradictoryMt 1 #$Microtheory) (#$argIsa #$contradictoryMt 2 #$Microtheory) (#$argIsa #$contradictoryMt 2 #$Microtheory) (#$arity #$contradictoryMt 2) (#$comment #$contradictoryMt "(#$contradictoryMt MT-1 MT-2) means that at least some of the assertions of MT-1 (content assertions and/or domain assumptions) are inconsistent with assertions of MT-2, and no lifting can occur between MT-1 and MT-2 (i.e. assertions made in one microtheory should not be made visible to the other microtheory). For cases where it is specifically domain assumptions that are in conflict, the more specialized predicate #$negationMt should be used.") (#$genlInverse #$contradictoryMt #$contradictoryMt) (#$isa #$contradictoryMt #$IrreflexiveBinaryPredicate) (#$isa #$contradictoryMt #$MicrotheoryPredicate) (#$isa #$contradictoryMt #$SymmetricBinaryPredicate) (#$arg1Format #$contradictoryPreds #$CoextensionalFormat) (#$arg1Isa #$contradictoryPreds #$Predicate) (#$arg2Format #$contradictoryPreds #$CoextensionalFormat) (#$arg2Isa #$contradictoryPreds #$Predicate) (#$argFormat #$contradictoryPreds 1 #$CoextensionalFormat) (#$argFormat #$contradictoryPreds 2 #$CoextensionalFormat) (#$argIsa #$contradictoryPreds 1 #$Predicate) (#$argIsa #$contradictoryPreds 1 #$Predicate) (#$argIsa #$contradictoryPreds 2 #$Predicate) (#$argIsa #$contradictoryPreds 2 #$Predicate) (#$arity #$contradictoryPreds 2) (#$comment #$contradictoryPreds "A #$MetaPredicate and a specialization of #$negationPreds. #$contradictoryPreds holds between two predicates just in case they are direct \"contradictories\" of each other in the following sense. (#$contradictoryPreds PRED1 PRED2) means that PRED1 and PRED2 are defined for exactly the same sequences of arguments, and that either one of these predicates holds of a given such sequence if and only if the other predicate does not hold of that sequence. That is, (PRED1 . ARGS) is materially equivalent to (#$not (PRED2 . ARGS)), and (PRED2 . ARGS) is materially equivalent to (#$not (PRED1 . ARGS)). This is stronger than the corresponding #$negationPreds form, whose meaning is explained by replacing (both occurrences of) the phrase \"is materially equivalent to\" with \"materially implies\" in the preceding sentence. For example, (#$contradictoryPreds #$knownSentence #$unknownSentence) holds. To say that \"PRED1 and PRED2 are defined for exactly the same sequences of arguments\" implies that a closed atomic sentence formed with a CycL term that denotes PRED1 followed by a sequence of argument-terms is semantically well-formed (see #$CycLSentence-Assertible) just in case the similar sentence formed instead with a term for PRED2 is semantically well-formed. Thus, any argument-type constraint (see #$ArgTypePredicate) on a given argument-place (say the Nth) of PRED1 must also apply to the Nth argument-place of PRED2, and vice versa. Otherwise, it could happen that a sentence of the form (PRED1 . ARGS) was true while the corresponding (PRED2 . ARGS) was semantically malformed, and thus (#$not (PRED2 . ARGS)) would not be true.") (#$genlInverse #$contradictoryPreds #$contradictoryPreds) (#$genlPreds #$contradictoryPreds #$negationPreds) (#$isa #$contradictoryPreds #$DefaultMonotonicPredicate) (#$isa #$contradictoryPreds #$IntangibleObjectRelatingPredicate) (#$isa #$contradictoryPreds #$IrreflexiveBinaryPredicate) (#$isa #$contradictoryPreds #$MetaPredicate) (#$isa #$contradictoryPreds #$MetaPredicate) (#$isa #$contradictoryPreds #$SymmetricBinaryPredicate) (#$arg1Format #$contraryFeelings #$SingleEntry) (#$arg1Genl #$contraryFeelings #$FeelingAttribute) (#$arg1Isa #$contraryFeelings #$FeelingType) (#$arg2Format #$contraryFeelings #$SingleEntry) (#$arg2Genl #$contraryFeelings #$FeelingAttribute) (#$arg2Isa #$contraryFeelings #$FeelingType) (#$argFormat #$contraryFeelings 1 #$SingleEntry) (#$argFormat #$contraryFeelings 2 #$SingleEntry) (#$argGenl #$contraryFeelings 1 #$FeelingAttribute) (#$argGenl #$contraryFeelings 1 #$FeelingAttribute) (#$argGenl #$contraryFeelings 2 #$FeelingAttribute) (#$argGenl #$contraryFeelings 2 #$FeelingAttribute) (#$argIsa #$contraryFeelings 1 #$FeelingType) (#$argIsa #$contraryFeelings 1 #$FeelingType) (#$argIsa #$contraryFeelings 2 #$FeelingType) (#$argIsa #$contraryFeelings 2 #$FeelingType) (#$arity #$contraryFeelings 2) (#$comment #$contraryFeelings "(#$contraryFeelings EMOTYPE CONTTYPE) means that a feeling of the type EMOTYPE is contrary to a feeling of the type CONTTYPE. One feeling is contrary to another if they are opposed in almost all their components. See also #$contrastedFeelings. It would be very rare for someone to feel both an EMOTYPE and CONTTYPE at the same time, especially about the same thing/event/situation. E.g., (#$contraryFeelings #$Gloominess #$Cheerfulness), (#$contraryFeelings #$Respect #$Contempt), (#$contraryFeelings #$Shame #$Pride), and so on.") (#$genlInverse #$contraryFeelings #$contraryFeelings) (#$genlPreds #$contraryFeelings #$contrastedFeelings) (#$isa #$contraryFeelings #$AntiTransitiveBinaryPredicate) (#$isa #$contraryFeelings #$AntiTransitiveBinaryPredicate) (#$isa #$contraryFeelings #$CollectionPredicate) (#$isa #$contraryFeelings #$StrictlyFunctionalSlot) (#$isa #$contraryFeelings #$SymmetricBinaryPredicate) (#$strictlyFunctionalInArgs #$contraryFeelings 1) (#$strictlyFunctionalInArgs #$contraryFeelings 2) (#$arg1Format #$contrastedFeelings #$SetTheFormat) (#$arg1Genl #$contrastedFeelings #$FeelingAttribute) (#$arg1Isa #$contrastedFeelings #$FeelingType) (#$arg2Format #$contrastedFeelings #$SetTheFormat) (#$arg2Genl #$contrastedFeelings #$FeelingAttribute) (#$arg2Isa #$contrastedFeelings #$FeelingType) (#$argFormat #$contrastedFeelings 1 #$SetTheFormat) (#$argFormat #$contrastedFeelings 2 #$SetTheFormat) (#$argGenl #$contrastedFeelings 1 #$FeelingAttribute) (#$argGenl #$contrastedFeelings 1 #$FeelingAttribute) (#$argGenl #$contrastedFeelings 2 #$FeelingAttribute) (#$argGenl #$contrastedFeelings 2 #$FeelingAttribute) (#$argIsa #$contrastedFeelings 1 #$FeelingType) (#$argIsa #$contrastedFeelings 1 #$FeelingType) (#$argIsa #$contrastedFeelings 2 #$FeelingType) (#$argIsa #$contrastedFeelings 2 #$FeelingType) (#$arity #$contrastedFeelings 2) (#$comment #$contrastedFeelings "(#$contrastedFeelings EMOTYPE CONTTYPE) means that a feeling of the type EMOTYPE differs in enough components from a feeling of the type CONTTYPE that it is unlikely (but not virtually impossible, as in the case of #$contraryFeelings) that someone would simultaneously experience feelings of both types EMOTYPE and CONTTYPE, especially with respect to the same object. E.g., (#$contrastedFeelings #$Pride #$Remorse), (#$contrastedFeelings #$Abhorrence #$Respect), (#$contrastedFeelings #$Entertained-Emotion #$Panic), etc. That last assertion expresses the rule of thumb that one does not often feel both entertained and panicy at the same time, though those two emotions are clearly not each other's `opposite' by any means.") (#$genlInverse #$contrastedFeelings #$contrastedFeelings) (#$isa #$contrastedFeelings #$CollectionPredicate) (#$isa #$contrastedFeelings #$IrreflexiveBinaryPredicate) (#$isa #$contrastedFeelings #$SymmetricBinaryPredicate) (#$comment #$ControlDevice "#$ControlDevice is a specialization of #$ControlStructure-Physical and #$PhysicalDevice. Each instance of #$ControlDevice is a device whose #$primaryFunction is to control the behavior/functioning/properties of another thing (usually another instance of #$PhysicalDevice). Obvious instances of #$ControlDevice include: the remote control for one's TV (an instance of #$RemoteControlDevice), the brake pedal on one's car (an instance of #$Pedal-ControlDevice), the light switch on one's bedroom wall (an instance of #$ElectricalSwitch); a less obvious instance of #$ControlDevice is #$HooverDam (an instance of #$Dam).") (#$disjointWith #$ControlDevice #$Clothing-Generic) (#$genls #$ControlDevice #$ControlStructure-Physical) (#$genls #$ControlDevice #$Individual) (#$genls #$ControlDevice #$PhysicalDevice) (#$isa #$ControlDevice #$ExistingObjectType) (#$isa #$ControlDevice #$ProductType) (#$comment #$ControllableAutonomousActionType "The collection of all types of actions that are #$doneBy an #$Animal which are often done automatically, but could also be intentionally #$performedBy the animal.") (#$genls #$ControllableAutonomousActionType #$DefaultDisjointScriptType) (#$isa #$ControllableAutonomousActionType #$CollectionType) (#$isa #$ControllableAutonomousActionType #$CollectionType) (#$isa #$ControllableAutonomousActionType #$SecondOrderCollection) (#$typeGenls #$ControllableAutonomousActionType #$BiologicalEvent) (#$comment #$ControlledLand "A specialization of #$GeopoliticalEntity. Each instance of #$ControlledLand is a geopolitical entity that is at least partially controlled by some other instance of #$GeopoliticalEntity. Furthermore, the instance of #$ControlledLand is not a geopolitical sub-division (see the predicate #$geopoliticalSubdivisions) of the power that controls it. Instances of #$GeopoliticalEntity include #$PuertoRico, #$Bermuda, #$Guadeloupe-TheDependency, #$Tibet.") (#$disjointWith #$ControlledLand #$IndependentCountry) (#$disjointWith #$ControlledLand #$InternationalOrganizationOfCountries) (#$genls #$ControlledLand #$GeopoliticalEntity) (#$genls #$ControlledLand #$Individual) (#$isa #$ControlledLand #$ExistingObjectType) (#$comment #$ControllingAPhysicalDevice "This is the subcollection of actions of #$ControllingSomething in which the #$objectControlled is a #$PhysicalDevice.") (#$genls #$ControllingAPhysicalDevice #$ControllingSomething) (#$genls #$ControllingAPhysicalDevice #$Individual) (#$isa #$ControllingAPhysicalDevice #$TemporalStuffType) (#$comment #$ControllingSomething "A specialization of #$PurposefulPhysicalAction (q.v.). Each instance of #$ControllingSomething is a purposeful physical action in which an agent intentionally controls an object (i.e. instance of #$SomethingExisting). It is not necessary that the agent touch the object being controlled (see #$objectControlled), only that s/he exercise control over some its movements, functioning, or actions. Specializations of #$ControllingSomething include #$GuidingAMovingObject (some instances of which involve a #$RemoteControlDevice), #$HandlingAnObject, #$Braking, #$SteeringADeviceByHand, #$PlayingAMusicalInstrument, #$CuttingFabric, #$CarryingWhileLocomoting, and #$FlushingAToilet. When a #$ControlDevice (q.v.) is being used by an agent for its primary function, a #$ControllingSomething event is typically taking place.") (#$genls #$ControllingSomething #$Individual) (#$genls #$ControllingSomething #$PurposefulPhysicalAction) (#$isa #$ControllingSomething #$TemporalObjectType) (#$arg1Format #$controls #$SetTheFormat) (#$arg1Isa #$controls #$Agent) (#$arg2Format #$controls #$SetTheFormat) (#$arg2Isa #$controls #$TemporalThing) (#$argFormat #$controls 1 #$SetTheFormat) (#$argFormat #$controls 2 #$SetTheFormat) (#$argIsa #$controls 1 #$Agent) (#$argIsa #$controls 1 #$Agent) (#$argIsa #$controls 2 #$TemporalThing) (#$argIsa #$controls 2 #$TemporalThing) (#$arity #$controls 2) (#$comment #$controls "(#$controls AGENT THING) means that AGENT has effective control over THING. This does not mean that AGENT is at every moment directly affecting THING, but that AGENT can and will intervene when necessary. However, it does mean that AGENT must exercise some form of influence over THING at some time. For instance, in the military, a superior officer stands in this relation to a subordinate under his command. The officer need not at every moment tell the soldier what to do, but will intervene to correct the subordinate's actions when needed. However, the officer does at the very least affect the soldier psychologically, or the superior does not have effective control. Normally, when an agent is in control of something, the agent is held responsible for what that thing does, or what happens to it. Note that #$controls refers to a standing relation between an agent and thing, perhaps as a result of stable social or causal facts. Note also, however, that the thing controlled might be an _event_ rather than an object, and in such cases the controller only #$controls the event while (i.e. some or all of the time during which) the event in taking place; thus it differs from an actor-slot like #$directingAgent, which continues to hold between a directing agent and the directed event even after that event is finished. For the relation of controlling an object during a particular action, see the actor-slot #$objectControlled.") (#$genlPreds #$controls #$ableToControl) (#$genlPredsWRTTypes #$controls #$influencesAgent #$Agent #$Agent) (#$isa #$controls #$AsymmetricBinaryPredicate) (#$isa #$controls #$CotemporalObjectsSlot) (#$comment #$ControlStructure-Physical "The collection of all physical control structures. An instance of #$ControlStructure-Physical is a physical object (#$PartiallyTangible) with the #$behaviorCapable of controling the behavior/functioning/properties of another physical object. Instances of #$ControlDevice include manufactured #$ControlDevices and biological control structures.") (#$genls #$ControlStructure-Physical #$Individual) (#$genls #$ControlStructure-Physical #$PartiallyTangible) (#$isa #$ControlStructure-Physical #$ExistingObjectType) (#$comment #$ConventionalClassificationType "A collection of collections. Each instance of #$ConventionalClassificationType is a collection that corresponds to a category in some agreed-upon or conventional classification system (see #$ClassificationSystem) used by people. In such systems, a change or reclassification is possible by a decision of an authority, or by a changed social agreement or custom, without changing the intrinsic natures of the actual objects in the category. #$ConventionalClassificationTypes include categories in biological taxonomy, standard classifications in data dictionaries and thesauri, cultural taboo classes, military doctrinal classes, and named calendar intervals.") (#$genls #$ConventionalClassificationType #$Collection) (#$isa #$ConventionalClassificationType #$Collection) (#$isa #$ConventionalClassificationType #$CollectionType) (#$isa #$ConventionalClassificationType #$CollectionType) (#$isa #$ConventionalClassificationType #$VariableOrderCollection) (#$comment #$ConventionallyClassifiedDisjointTimeIntervalType "Each instance of #$ConventionallyClassifiedDisjointTimeIntervalType is a collection of `solid' intervals, which is conventionally named (such as #$Friday) and has its instances scattered over time in the sense that they are disjoint with each other and usually have gaps between them. This is the intersection of current (3/6/00) #$ConventionalClassificationType and #$TemporallyDisjointTemporalObjectType.") (#$genls #$ConventionallyClassifiedDisjointTimeIntervalType #$ConventionalClassificationType) (#$genls #$ConventionallyClassifiedDisjointTimeIntervalType #$TemporallyDisjointTemporalObjectType) (#$genls #$ConventionallyClassifiedDisjointTimeIntervalType #$TemporalObjectType) (#$isa #$ConventionallyClassifiedDisjointTimeIntervalType #$CollectionType) (#$isa #$ConventionallyClassifiedDisjointTimeIntervalType #$CollectionType) (#$isa #$ConventionallyClassifiedDisjointTimeIntervalType #$SecondOrderCollection) (#$typeGenls #$ConventionallyClassifiedDisjointTimeIntervalType #$Date) (#$comment #$ConventionalWeapon "#$ConventionalWeapon is a specialization of #$Weapon. Each instance of #$ConventionalWeapon is a weapon which is not classified as nuclear weapons, biological weapons, or chemical weapons.") (#$genls #$ConventionalWeapon #$Individual) (#$genls #$ConventionalWeapon #$Weapon) (#$isa #$ConventionalWeapon #$ExistingObjectType) (#$comment #$Conversation "Every #$Conversation includes at least two #$CommunicationAct-Single as #$subEvents, with the #$senderOfInfo in one being the #$recipientOfInfo in the other.") (#$genls #$Conversation #$Individual) (#$genls #$Conversation #$MultiDirectionalCommunication) (#$genls #$Conversation #$SpokenCommunicating) (#$isa #$Conversation #$TemporalStuffType) (#$arg1Isa #$ConvexHullFn #$SpatialThing) (#$argIsa #$ConvexHullFn 1 #$SpatialThing) (#$argIsa #$ConvexHullFn 1 #$SpatialThing) (#$arity #$ConvexHullFn 1) (#$comment #$ConvexHullFn "This function, when given as an argument an instance of #$SpatialThing (which may be a single object or a #$Group of several unconnected objects), returns the abstract surface that is the convex hull of that spatial thing. (#$ConvexHullFn OBJECT) denotes the convex hull that encloses, precisely, all of the minimal convex region of space that #$spatiallySubsumes all parts of OBJECT. The convex hull is a surface; for the minimal convex region of space, see #$ConvexHullSpaceFn.") (#$functionCorrespondingPredicate-Canonical #$ConvexHullFn #$convexHullOf 1) (#$interArg1ResultIsa #$ConvexHullFn #$SpatialThing-Localized #$SpatialThing-Localized) (#$interArgResultIsa #$ConvexHullFn 1 #$SpatialThing-Localized #$SpatialThing-Localized) (#$isa #$ConvexHullFn #$IndividualDenotingFunction) (#$isa #$ConvexHullFn #$ReifiableFunction) (#$isa #$ConvexHullFn #$UnaryFunction) (#$resultIsa #$ConvexHullFn #$Individual) (#$resultIsa #$ConvexHullFn #$Surface-Intangible) (#$arg1Format #$convexHullOf #$SingleEntry) (#$arg1Isa #$convexHullOf #$Surface-Intangible) (#$arg2Isa #$convexHullOf #$SpatialThing) (#$argFormat #$convexHullOf 1 #$SingleEntry) (#$argIsa #$convexHullOf 2 #$SpatialThing) (#$argIsa #$convexHullOf 2 #$SpatialThing) (#$argIsa #$convexHullOf 1 #$Surface-Intangible) (#$argIsa #$convexHullOf 1 #$Surface-Intangible) (#$arity #$convexHullOf 2) (#$comment #$convexHullOf "(#$convexHullOf SURFACE OBJECT) means that SURFACE is the convex hull that encloses, precisely, all of the minimal convex region of space that spatiallySubsumes all parts of OBJECT. See also #$ConvexHullFn for the corresponding function. The convex hull is a surface; for the minimal convex region of space, see #$minimalConvexSpaceSubsuming. ") (#$genlPreds #$convexHullOf #$spatiallyRelated) (#$genlPredsWRTTypes #$convexHullOf #$temporallyIntersects #$SpatialThing-Localized #$SpatialThing-Localized) (#$interArgIsa1-2 #$convexHullOf #$SpatialThing-Localized #$SpatialThing-Localized) (#$interArgIsa2-1 #$convexHullOf #$SpatialThing-Localized #$SpatialThing-Localized) (#$isa #$convexHullOf #$BinaryPredicate) (#$isa #$convexHullOf #$FunctionalPredicate) (#$strictlyFunctionalInArgs #$convexHullOf 1) (#$arg1Isa #$ConvexHullSpaceFn #$SpatialThing) (#$argIsa #$ConvexHullSpaceFn 1 #$SpatialThing) (#$argIsa #$ConvexHullSpaceFn 1 #$SpatialThing) (#$arity #$ConvexHullSpaceFn 1) (#$comment #$ConvexHullSpaceFn "An instance of both #$IndividualDenotingFunction and #$ReifiableFunction. #$ConvexHullSpaceFn takes as its argument an instance of #$SpatialThing (which may be a single object or a #$Group of several unconnected objects) and returns the spatial region that is enclosed by the convex hull of the object or objects. (#$ConvexHullSpaceFn OBJECT) is the minimal convex region of space that #$spatiallySubsumes (q.v.) all parts of OBJECT. The enclosed space is three- or two-dimensional and is not the hull surface itself, which is obtained by the function #$ConvexHullFn (q.v.). See also #$minimalConvexSpaceSubsuming") (#$interArgResultIsa #$ConvexHullSpaceFn 1 #$SpatialThing-Localized #$SpaceRegion-Empirical) (#$isa #$ConvexHullSpaceFn #$IndividualDenotingFunction) (#$isa #$ConvexHullSpaceFn #$ReifiableFunction) (#$isa #$ConvexHullSpaceFn #$UnaryFunction) (#$resultIsa #$ConvexHullSpaceFn #$Individual) (#$resultIsa #$ConvexHullSpaceFn #$SpaceRegion) (#$comment #$ConvexTangibleObject "The collection of all instances of #$PartiallyTangible that are convex; i.e., have no significant concave surfaces, cavities or crevices (the size of allowable minor concavities may depend on the context). An instance of #$ConvexTangibleObject occupies about the same space as its convex hull; see #$ConvexHullFn and #$ConvexHullSpaceFn. A solid physical sphere or cube is an instance of #$ConvexTangibleObject, but a cup or doughnut cannot be.") (#$genls #$ConvexTangibleObject #$Individual) (#$genls #$ConvexTangibleObject #$PartiallyTangible) (#$isa #$ConvexTangibleObject #$ExistingObjectType) (#$comment #$Conveyance "A collection of solid tangible objects each instance of which is used for moving partially tangible things. A #$Conveyance could be a car, ship, plane, or other vehicle for transporting people; it could be a conveyor belt or a grocery bag for moving goods; it could be a gun, a bow, or a cannon for launching projectiles. Notable specializations include #$TransportationDevice, whose instances actually move along with the things they transport, and #$Conveyance-Stationary, whose instances remain stationary while moving other things. Note that not all conveyances are artifacts, as (e.g.) horses and rivers can be used to convey things. See #$Conveying-Generic, #$TransportationEvent, and #$Conveying-Stationary for the different kinds of conveying events.") (#$disjointWith #$Conveyance #$Airport-Physical) (#$disjointWith #$Conveyance #$DrugSubstance) (#$disjointWith #$Conveyance #$RoofOfAConstruction) (#$genls #$Conveyance #$Individual) (#$genls #$Conveyance #$SolidTangibleThing) (#$isa #$Conveyance #$ExistingObjectType) (#$siblingDisjointExceptions #$Conveyance #$SelfPoweredDevice) (#$comment #$Conveyance-Stationary "The subcollection of #$Conveyance that contains object that are intended for moving partially tangible things while remaining stationary. Positive examples are conveyor belts or guns. A borderline case is a #$River that is used to transport logs; that river is a #$Conveyance-Stationary because the river as a whole does not change its location (only parts of it; the water). ") (#$genls #$Conveyance-Stationary #$Conveyance) (#$genls #$Conveyance-Stationary #$Individual) (#$genls #$Conveyance-Stationary #$SolidTangibleThing) (#$isa #$Conveyance-Stationary #$ExistingObjectType) (#$comment (#$ConveyFn #$Person) "This is the collection of events in which people (see #$Person) are moved from one place to another by some instrument (see #$conveyor-Generic). Like #$Conveying-Generic, it is agnostic as to whether the instrument moves with the people, or whether it remains stationary. Thus, although an event such as 'taking a patient to the hospital in an ambulance' meets the membership criteria of (#$TransportFn #$Person), #$TransportingPeople (a specialization of #$TransportationEvent) is more appropriate since it entails that the instrument (the ambulance would be playing the role of #$transporter), moves with the patient. An event such as '5 skiers riding on a 100 chair chairlift' would also be an element of (#$TransportFn #$Person). However, the entire chairlift would not play the role #$transporter since it does not translate up the hill as it moves the skiers. Rather, it remains stationary as a whole. Thus, '5 skiers riding on a 100 chair chairlift' would be a element of #$Conveying-Stationary as well as an element of (#$TransportFn #$Person).") (#$genls (#$ConveyFn #$ElectronicDevice) #$ConveyingMaterials) (#$genls (#$ConveyFn #$Helicopter) #$ConveyingMaterials) (#$genls (#$ConveyFn #$Helicopter) #$ConveyingMaterials) (#$genls (#$ConveyFn #$MilitaryPerson) #$ConveyingMaterials) (#$genls (#$ConveyFn #$Person) #$ConveyingMaterials) (#$genls (#$ConveyFn #$Weapon) #$ConveyingMaterials) (#$genls (#$ConveyFn #$ElectronicDevice) #$Individual) (#$genls (#$ConveyFn #$Helicopter) #$Individual) (#$genls (#$ConveyFn #$MilitaryPerson) #$Individual) (#$genls (#$ConveyFn #$Person) #$Individual) (#$genls (#$ConveyFn #$Weapon) #$Individual) (#$isa (#$ConveyFn #$ElectronicDevice) #$TemporalStuffType) (#$isa (#$ConveyFn #$Helicopter) #$TemporalStuffType) (#$isa (#$ConveyFn #$MilitaryPerson) #$TemporalStuffType) (#$isa (#$ConveyFn #$Person) #$TemporalStuffType) (#$isa (#$ConveyFn #$Weapon) #$TemporalStuffType) (#$arg1Genl #$ConveyFn #$PartiallyTangible) (#$arg1Genl #$ConveyFn #$PartiallyTangible) (#$arg1Isa #$ConveyFn #$FirstOrderCollection) (#$arg1Isa #$ConveyFn #$FirstOrderCollection) (#$argGenl #$ConveyFn 1 #$PartiallyTangible) (#$argGenl #$ConveyFn 1 #$PartiallyTangible) (#$argGenl #$ConveyFn 1 #$PartiallyTangible) (#$argIsa #$ConveyFn 1 #$FirstOrderCollection) (#$argIsa #$ConveyFn 1 #$FirstOrderCollection) (#$argIsa #$ConveyFn 1 #$FirstOrderCollection) (#$arity #$ConveyFn 1) (#$comment #$ConveyFn "An instance of #$CollectionDenotingFunction. When applied to a specialization MATERIAL of #$PartiallyTangible, #$ConveyFn returns the collection of all events in which an instance of MATERIAL is conveyed from one location to another (so the collection in question is a specialization of #$ConveyingMaterials). For example, (#$ConveyFn #$Petroleum-CrudeOil) is the collection of all events in which crude oil is conveyed from one location to another, whether that be via pipeline, oil tanker, or some other means.") (#$isa #$ConveyFn #$CollectionDenotingFunction) (#$isa #$ConveyFn #$CollectionDenotingFunction) (#$isa #$ConveyFn #$ReifiableFunction) (#$isa #$ConveyFn #$UnaryFunction) (#$resultGenl #$ConveyFn #$ConveyingMaterials) (#$resultGenl #$ConveyFn #$Individual) (#$resultIsa #$ConveyFn #$TemporalStuffType) (#$resultIsa #$ConveyFn #$TemporalStuffType) (#$comment #$Conveying-Generic "A specialization of both #$CausingAnotherObjectsTranslationalMotion and #$Translation-SingleTrajectory. In each instance of #$Conveying-Generic, some object (see #$conveyor-Generic) enables or facilitates the conveyance of another object, or objects, or stuff (see #$transportees). The conveyor itself might or might not also be undergoing translational motion (see #$objectTranslating) during the event. See also the various specializations of #$Conveying-Generic.") (#$genls #$Conveying-Generic #$CausingAnotherObjectsTranslationalMotion) (#$genls #$Conveying-Generic #$Individual) (#$genls #$Conveying-Generic #$Translation-SingleTrajectory) (#$isa #$Conveying-Generic #$TemporalObjectType) (#$requiredArg1Pred #$Conveying-Generic #$conveyor-Generic) (#$requiredArg1Pred #$Conveying-Generic #$transportees) (#$comment #$ConveyingMaterials "Moving some kind of material from one point to another, where the goal is to transport the goods. Different from just mixing stuff or putting stuff with other stuff. This collection of events remains agnostic as to whether the #$conveyor-Generic remains stationary (transport through a #$Pipeline) or moves along with the #$transportees (transport in a #$Truck). ") (#$genls #$ConveyingMaterials #$Conveying-Generic) (#$genls #$ConveyingMaterials #$DirectedTranslation) (#$genls #$ConveyingMaterials #$HumanActivity) (#$genls #$ConveyingMaterials #$Individual) (#$genls #$ConveyingMaterials #$MaterialHandling) (#$isa #$ConveyingMaterials #$DefaultDisjointScriptType) (#$isa #$ConveyingMaterials #$TemporalStuffType) (#$siblingDisjointExceptions #$ConveyingMaterials #$DeliveringSomeoneSomething) (#$siblingDisjointExceptions #$ConveyingMaterials #$Transaction) (#$siblingDisjointExceptions #$ConveyingMaterials #$TransferringPossession) (#$siblingDisjointExceptions #$ConveyingMaterials (#$TransportViaFn #$WaterTransportationDevice)) (#$comment #$Conveying-Stationary "A collection of events. An instance of #$Conveying-Stationary is an event in which one object (in the role of #$conveyor-Stationary) aids in the translational movement of another (having the role of #$transportees). Note that by definition the #$conveyor-Stationary does not move along with the #$transportees.") (#$disjointWith #$Conveying-Stationary #$TransportationEvent) (#$genls #$Conveying-Stationary #$Conveying-Generic) (#$genls #$Conveying-Stationary #$Individual) (#$isa #$Conveying-Stationary #$TemporalObjectType) (#$arg1Isa #$conveyor-Generic #$Conveying-Generic) (#$arg1Isa #$conveyor-Generic #$Conveying-Generic) (#$arg2Isa #$conveyor-Generic #$PartiallyTangible) (#$arg2Isa #$conveyor-Generic #$PartiallyTangible) (#$argIsa #$conveyor-Generic 1 #$Conveying-Generic) (#$argIsa #$conveyor-Generic 1 #$Conveying-Generic) (#$argIsa #$conveyor-Generic 1 #$Conveying-Generic) (#$argIsa #$conveyor-Generic 2 #$PartiallyTangible) (#$argIsa #$conveyor-Generic 2 #$PartiallyTangible) (#$argIsa #$conveyor-Generic 2 #$PartiallyTangible) (#$arity #$conveyor-Generic 2) (#$comment #$conveyor-Generic "(#$conveyor-Generic MOVE OBJ) means that OBJ enables or facilitates the conveyance of what is transported (the animals, goods, people, etc. that are the #$transportees) in the #$Conveying-Generic MOVE. In the case where OBJ itself is an #$objectMoving in MOVE, use the more specific predicate #$transporter. If OBJ is known not to be an #$objectMoving, use the more specific predicate #$conveyor-Stationary.") (#$genlPreds #$conveyor-Generic #$constrainingObject) (#$genlPreds #$conveyor-Generic #$instrument-Generic) (#$isa #$conveyor-Generic #$ActorSlot) (#$isa #$conveyor-Generic #$BinaryPredicate) (#$relationAllExists #$conveyor-Generic #$Conveying-Generic #$PartiallyTangible) (#$sharedNotes #$conveyor-Generic #$DecidingWhichInstrumentPredicateToUse) (#$arg1Format #$conveyor-Stationary #$SetTheFormat) (#$arg1Isa #$conveyor-Stationary #$Conveying-Stationary) (#$arg1Isa #$conveyor-Stationary #$Conveying-Stationary) (#$arg2Format #$conveyor-Stationary #$SetTheFormat) (#$arg2Isa #$conveyor-Stationary #$PartiallyTangible) (#$arg2Isa #$conveyor-Stationary #$PartiallyTangible) (#$argFormat #$conveyor-Stationary 1 #$SetTheFormat) (#$argFormat #$conveyor-Stationary 2 #$SetTheFormat) (#$argIsa #$conveyor-Stationary 1 #$Conveying-Stationary) (#$argIsa #$conveyor-Stationary 1 #$Conveying-Stationary) (#$argIsa #$conveyor-Stationary 1 #$Conveying-Stationary) (#$argIsa #$conveyor-Stationary 2 #$PartiallyTangible) (#$argIsa #$conveyor-Stationary 2 #$PartiallyTangible) (#$argIsa #$conveyor-Stationary 2 #$PartiallyTangible) (#$arity #$conveyor-Stationary 2) (#$comment #$conveyor-Stationary "(#$conveyor-Stationary CONVEY CONVEYOR) means that in the #$Conveying-Stationary CONVEY, CONVEYOR facilitates the movement of some object (the object is related to CONVEY by #$transportees (q.v.)), but CONVEYOR does not move together with that object along the path of conveyance. For example, an instance of #$River can move a boat (an instance of #$Watercraft) from one location to another, without itself moving translationally; i.e., the river does not change its location (although some pieces of #$Water in the river do) together with the boat.") (#$genlPreds #$conveyor-Stationary #$conveyor-Generic) (#$isa #$conveyor-Stationary #$ActorSlot) (#$sharedNotes #$conveyor-Stationary #$DecidingWhichInstrumentPredicateToUse) (#$comment #$CookingFood "A specialization of #$PreparingFoodItem and #$HeatingProcess. Each instance of #$CookingFood is an event in which some item of #$Food (q.v.) is prepared by heating it. Typically, the foodstuff is heated until it reaches a certain temperature over some period of time; during the heating, chemical and/or physical changes occur which are supposed to make the foodstuff healthier or tastier (or, in some cases, ethically acceptable). A #$CookingFood event may last from a few minutes (e.g., #$SteamingFood (vegetables), #$MakingToast) to several hours (e.g., #$RoastingFood).") (#$genls #$CookingFood #$HeatingProcess) (#$genls #$CookingFood #$Individual) (#$genls #$CookingFood #$PreparingFoodItem) (#$isa #$CookingFood #$DefaultDisjointScriptType) (#$isa #$CookingFood #$TemporalObjectType) (#$comment #$CoolingProcess "A specialization of #$TemperatureChangingProcess. Each instance of #$CoolingProcess is an event in which the temperature of some object (related to the instance of #$CoolingProcess by #$objectOfStateChange) is lowered.") (#$genls #$CoolingProcess #$Individual) (#$genls #$CoolingProcess #$TemperatureChangingProcess) (#$isa #$CoolingProcess #$DefaultDisjointScriptType) (#$isa #$CoolingProcess #$TemporalStuffType) (#$siblingDisjointExceptions #$CoolingProcess #$HeatProductionProcess) (#$siblingDisjointExceptions #$CoolingProcess #$PhysicalCreationEvent) (#$siblingDisjointExceptions #$CoolingProcess #$PhysicalDestructionEvent) (#$comment #$CooperationEvent "A collection of all instances of #$SocialOccurrence that can be called 'cooperations'. For each #$CooperationEvent COOP the following hold: (i) there are at least two #$IntelligentAgents AGT1 and AGT2 such that (#$partnersInCooperation AGT1 AGT2 COOP), (ii) AGT1 and AGT2 share a GOAL, (iii) there are subevents ACT1 and ACT2 of COOP, both of which are #$PurposefulActions, such that ACT1 is performed by AGT1 with the intent of furthering GOAL and ACT2 is performed by AGT2 with the intent of furthering GOAL, (iv) AGT1 believes that ACT2 furthers GOAL and AGT2 believes that ACT1 furthers GOAL, and (v) the fact ACT1 and ACT2 both further GOAL is not an unexpected coincidence: it was a part of AGT1's expectation that an act like (i.e. of the same kind as) ACT2, performed by AGT2, would further GOAL; and it was a part of AGT2's expectation that an act like ACT1, performed by AGT1, would further GOAL.") (#$genls #$CooperationEvent #$Individual) (#$genls #$CooperationEvent #$SocialOccurrence) (#$isa #$CooperationEvent #$TemporalObjectType) (#$comment #$CopulaConstructionTemplateMt "This Mt holds templates which are designed to provide general coverage of copular constructions in English.") (#$genlMt #$CopulaConstructionTemplateMt #$AuxVerbTemplateMt) (#$genlMt #$CopulaConstructionTemplateMt #$BaseKB) (#$isa #$CopulaConstructionTemplateMt #$Microtheory) (#$isa #$CopulaConstructionTemplateMt #$TemplateParsingMicrotheory) (#$comment #$CopyingAComputerFile "A specialization of #$AccessingAFile-ReadOnly, #$CreatingAFile and #$IBTCopying. In each instance of this collection a computer reads a file and creates a new file with the same contents. Immediately after the event, the original file and the new file will contain exactly the same information. The two files may be stored on the same or different storage media. Notable specializations of this collection include #$UploadingAFile and #$DownloadingAFile. See also #$MovingAComputerFile.") (#$genls #$CopyingAComputerFile #$ComputerActivity) (#$genls #$CopyingAComputerFile #$IBTCopying) (#$genls #$CopyingAComputerFile #$Individual) (#$genls #$CopyingAComputerFile #$InformationTransferPhysicalEvent) (#$isa #$CopyingAComputerFile #$DefaultDisjointScriptType) (#$isa #$CopyingAComputerFile #$TemporalObjectType) (#$arg1Isa #$copyProduced #$IBTCopying) (#$arg1Isa #$copyProduced #$IBTCopying) (#$arg2Isa #$copyProduced #$InformationBearingThing) (#$arg2Isa #$copyProduced #$InformationBearingThing) (#$argIsa #$copyProduced 1 #$IBTCopying) (#$argIsa #$copyProduced 1 #$IBTCopying) (#$argIsa #$copyProduced 1 #$IBTCopying) (#$argIsa #$copyProduced 2 #$InformationBearingThing) (#$argIsa #$copyProduced 2 #$InformationBearingThing) (#$argIsa #$copyProduced 2 #$InformationBearingThing) (#$arity #$copyProduced 2) (#$comment #$copyProduced "A binary predicate which relates instances of #$IBTCopying (a specialization of #$InformationTransferEvent) to instances of #$InformationBearingThing. (#$copyProduced COPYING COPY) means that COPY is the copy produced in the #$IBTCopying COPYING. This predicate is a specialization of #$IBTGeneration. See also #$itemCopied, which relates copying events to items copied.") (#$genlPreds #$copyProduced #$ibtGenerated) (#$interArgIsa1-2 #$copyProduced #$CopyingAComputerFile #$ComputerFileCopy) (#$isa #$copyProduced #$ActorSlot) (#$negationPreds #$copyProduced #$itemCopied) (#$comment #$CordlikeObject "A specialization of #$PartiallyTangible. Each instance of #$CordlikeObject is a partially tangible non-fluid object (so #$CordlikeObject is disjoint with #$FluidTangibleThing) whose length is significantly greater than either its height or width. Moreover, each instance of #$CordlikeObject has a high degree of flexibility. Notable specializations of #$CordlikeObject include the collections #$Nerve, #$Tape, and #$Cable.") (#$disjointWith #$CordlikeObject #$Concrete) (#$disjointWith #$CordlikeObject #$PartOfAnHSC) (#$genls #$CordlikeObject #$Individual) (#$genls #$CordlikeObject #$PartiallyTangible) (#$genls #$CordlikeObject #$PartiallyTangible) (#$genls #$CordlikeObject #$PartiallyTangible) (#$genls #$CordlikeObject #$Path-Customary) (#$genls #$CordlikeObject #$Path-Simple) (#$isa #$CordlikeObject #$StuffType) (#$comment #$CoreConstant "The collection of constants that form a useful 'core' ontology for CycL which should be assumed by any ontology which would want to be maximally conformant with the Cyc inference engine (including the Cyc KB itself). These are constants (such as #$SymmetricBinaryPredicate and #$February) which have sufficiently useful support in the Cyc inference engine that they are strongly preferred for ontology building purposes in Cyc. See also #$CoreImplementationConstant.") (#$genls #$CoreConstant #$CoreUnionConstant) (#$genls #$CoreConstant #$Thing) (#$isa #$CoreConstant #$Collection) (#$isa #$CoreConstant #$Collection) (#$isa #$CoreConstant #$CoreConstant) (#$isa #$CoreConstant #$VariableOrderCollection) (#$sharedNotes #$CoreConstant #$NoteAboutArgIsaCycLIndexedTerm) (#$quotedCollection #$CoreConstant) (#$comment #$CoreCycLImplementationMt "This is a microtheory which contains only the `core' assertions required for the Cyc theorem prover and its underlying HL representation of the EL to conclude useful inferences. It extends the #$LogicalTruthImplementationMt with assertions necessary for Cyc's implementation to make use of the terms defined in the #$CoreCycLMt.") (#$genlMt #$CoreCycLImplementationMt #$BaseKB) (#$genlMt #$CoreCycLImplementationMt #$BaseKB) (#$genlMt #$CoreCycLImplementationMt #$CoreCycLMt) (#$genlMt #$CoreCycLImplementationMt #$LogicalTruthImplementationMt) (#$isa #$CoreCycLImplementationMt #$CoreConstant) (#$isa #$CoreCycLImplementationMt #$GeneralMicrotheory) (#$isa #$CoreCycLImplementationMt #$TheoryMicrotheory) (#$comment #$CoreCycLMt "This is a microtheory which contains only the assertions required to represent useful logical truths in CycL. It extends the #$LogicalTruthMt with additional assertions which are so useful as to be considered `core' to the CycL language.") (#$genlMt #$CoreCycLMt #$BaseKB) (#$genlMt #$CoreCycLMt #$BaseKB) (#$genlMt #$CoreCycLMt #$CoreCycLImplementationMt) (#$genlMt #$CoreCycLMt #$LogicalTruthMt) (#$isa #$CoreCycLMt #$CoreConstant) (#$isa #$CoreCycLMt #$GeneralMicrotheory) (#$isa #$CoreCycLMt #$TheoryMicrotheory) (#$comment #$CoreImplementationConstant "The collection of constants from the 'core' ontology for CycL that are specific to the Cyc implementation. Any ontology built using CycL intended to have Cyc as its implementation (such as the Cyc KB itself) should use these constants to maximally leverage the implementation. See also #$CoreConstant.") (#$disjointWith #$CoreImplementationConstant #$CoreConstant) (#$genls #$CoreImplementationConstant #$CoreUnionConstant) (#$genls #$CoreImplementationConstant #$CoreUnionConstant) (#$genls #$CoreImplementationConstant #$ImplementationConstant) (#$genls #$CoreImplementationConstant #$Thing) (#$isa #$CoreImplementationConstant #$Collection) (#$isa #$CoreImplementationConstant #$Collection) (#$isa #$CoreImplementationConstant #$CoreImplementationConstant) (#$sharedNotes #$CoreImplementationConstant #$NoteAboutArgIsaCycLIndexedTerm) (#$sharedNotes #$CoreImplementationConstant #$NoteAboutArgIsaCycLIndexedTerm) (#$quotedCollection #$CoreImplementationConstant) (#$arg1Format #$coreRelatives #$SetTheFormat) (#$arg1Isa #$coreRelatives #$Animal) (#$arg1Isa #$coreRelatives #$Animal) (#$arg2Format #$coreRelatives #$SetTheFormat) (#$arg2Isa #$coreRelatives #$Animal) (#$arg2Isa #$coreRelatives #$Animal) (#$argFormat #$coreRelatives 1 #$SetTheFormat) (#$argFormat #$coreRelatives 2 #$SetTheFormat) (#$argIsa #$coreRelatives 1 #$Animal) (#$argIsa #$coreRelatives 1 #$Animal) (#$argIsa #$coreRelatives 1 #$Animal) (#$argIsa #$coreRelatives 2 #$Animal) (#$argIsa #$coreRelatives 2 #$Animal) (#$argIsa #$coreRelatives 2 #$Animal) (#$arity #$coreRelatives 2) (#$comment #$coreRelatives "(#$coreRelatives ANIMAL1 ANIMAL2) means that ANIMAL1 is a close or \"core\" relative of ANIMAL2. Note that the exact nature of this relationship will vary widely from culture to culture.") (#$comment #$coreRelatives "In this microtheory, (#$coreRelatives PERSON1 PERSON2) means, specifically, that PERSON2 is a child, grandchild, sibling, spouse, parent, or grandparent of PERSON1. In other words, this predicate relates a person to her/his (i) siblings, (ii) lineal relatives that are one or two generations \"above\" or \"below\" her, and (iii) closest affine (spouse).") (#$genlInverse #$coreRelatives #$coreRelatives) (#$genlInverse #$coreRelatives #$coreRelatives) (#$genlPreds #$coreRelatives #$relatives) (#$isa #$coreRelatives #$BinaryPredicate) (#$isa #$coreRelatives #$InterExistingObjectPredicate) (#$isa #$coreRelatives #$IrreflexiveBinaryPredicate) (#$isa #$coreRelatives #$SymmetricBinaryPredicate) (#$collectionUnion #$CoreUnionConstant (#$TheSet #$CoreImplementationConstant #$CoreConstant)) (#$comment #$CoreUnionConstant "The collection of constants that constitute the useful 'core' ontology for CycL in Cyc. It is the union of those specific to the CycL language (the elements of #$CoreConstant) and those specific to the Cyc implementation (the elements of #$CoreImplementationConstant).") (#$genls #$CoreUnionConstant #$Thing) (#$isa #$CoreUnionConstant #$Collection) (#$isa #$CoreUnionConstant #$Collection) (#$isa #$CoreUnionConstant #$CoreImplementationConstant) (#$sharedNotes #$CoreUnionConstant #$NoteAboutArgIsaCycLIndexedTerm) (#$quotedCollection #$CoreUnionConstant) (#$comment #$Corner-2d "The collection of all regions wherein two linear edges of a two dimensional or sheet-shaped object (i.e., considered in this context to be sheet shaped) meet to form an angle of substantially less than 180 degrees. Polygons have at least three corners each.") (#$genls #$Corner-2d #$Corner-2or3d) (#$genls #$Corner-2d #$Individual) (#$isa #$Corner-2d #$RegionType) (#$comment #$Corner-2or3d "A specialization of #$PartiallyTangible. Each instance of #$Corner-2or3d is a region centered around a point where two edges of a sheet-like object meet at an angle, or where three or more surfaces (together with three or more solid edges dividing them) meet at one place forming a solid angle. Instances of #$Corner-2or3d are either #$Convex or #$Concave with respect to some perspective.") (#$genls #$Corner-2or3d #$Individual) (#$genls #$Corner-2or3d #$PartiallyTangible) (#$isa #$Corner-2or3d #$RegionType) (#$partitionedInto #$Corner-2or3d (#$ThePartition #$Corner-2d #$Corner-3d)) (#$comment #$Corner-3d "The collection of all regions where three or more surfaces of an object (which is considered three dimensional in current context), and three or more #$EdgeOnObjects, meet. This includes corners of boxes, the tops of pyramids, etc. Each #$Corner-3d includes some solid angle of part of the object.") (#$genls #$Corner-3d #$Corner-2or3d) (#$genls #$Corner-3d #$Individual) (#$isa #$Corner-3d #$RegionType) (#$comment #$CorporateOfficer "A subcollection of #$Administrator. Each instance of #$CorporateOfficer is a person who is officially recognized as an officer of a corporation. Common types of #$CorporateOfficer include #$President-CorporateOfficer, #$VicePresident-CorporateOfficer, and #$ChiefFinancialOfficer.") (#$genls #$CorporateOfficer #$Administrator) (#$genls #$CorporateOfficer #$Individual) (#$genls #$CorporateOfficer #$Leader) (#$genls #$CorporateOfficer #$OrganizationRepresentative) (#$isa #$CorporateOfficer #$PersonTypeByPositionInOrg) (#$arg1Isa #$correspondingPreds-Capability #$CapabilityPredicate-InstanceLevel) (#$arg1Isa #$correspondingPreds-Capability #$CapabilityPredicate-InstanceLevel) (#$arg2Isa #$correspondingPreds-Capability #$CapabilityPredicate-TypeLevel) (#$arg2Isa #$correspondingPreds-Capability #$CapabilityPredicate-TypeLevel) (#$argIsa #$correspondingPreds-Capability 1 #$CapabilityPredicate-InstanceLevel) (#$argIsa #$correspondingPreds-Capability 1 #$CapabilityPredicate-InstanceLevel) (#$argIsa #$correspondingPreds-Capability 1 #$CapabilityPredicate-InstanceLevel) (#$argIsa #$correspondingPreds-Capability 2 #$CapabilityPredicate-TypeLevel) (#$argIsa #$correspondingPreds-Capability 2 #$CapabilityPredicate-TypeLevel) (#$argIsa #$correspondingPreds-Capability 2 #$CapabilityPredicate-TypeLevel) (#$arity #$correspondingPreds-Capability 2) (#$comment #$correspondingPreds-Capability "'(#$correspondingPreds-Capability INST-PRED TYPE-PRED)' means that INST-PRED is the #$CapabilityPredicate-InstanceLevel corresponding to the #$CapabilityPredicate-TypeLevel TYPE-PRED. An instance-level capability predicate restricts its first argument to individuals, whereas a type-level capability predicate restricts its first argument to collections. What makes two such predicates correspond is that each represents the same type of capability.") (#$isa #$correspondingPreds-Capability #$BinaryPredicate) (#$arg1Format #$cospatial #$openEntryFormatInArgs) (#$arg1Isa #$cospatial #$SpatialThing) (#$arg1Isa #$cospatial #$SpatialThing) (#$arg2Format #$cospatial #$openEntryFormatInArgs) (#$arg2Isa #$cospatial #$SpatialThing) (#$arg2Isa #$cospatial #$SpatialThing) (#$argFormat #$cospatial 1 #$openEntryFormatInArgs) (#$argFormat #$cospatial 2 #$openEntryFormatInArgs) (#$argIsa #$cospatial 1 #$SpatialThing) (#$argIsa #$cospatial 1 #$SpatialThing) (#$argIsa #$cospatial 1 #$SpatialThing) (#$argIsa #$cospatial 2 #$SpatialThing) (#$argIsa #$cospatial 2 #$SpatialThing) (#$argIsa #$cospatial 2 #$SpatialThing) (#$arity #$cospatial 2) (#$comment #$cospatial "(#$cospatial THING1 THING2) means that the THING1 and THING2 have the same spatial extent. This implies that they have the same location, shape, and size. But it doesn't imply that they are one and the same or have any parts in common, since we don't rule out that distinct things might spatially coincide or partially overlap without sharing any common parts. For example, a wall and the region of pure space (see #$SpaceRegion) that the wall occupies, the surface of the wall and a shadow cast on a wall, or the wall and the magnetic field surrounding an electrical outlet in the wall. (As a further example, we might wish in some contexts to treat the visual images reflected in mirrors as localized things the public, external world; these images, then, would spatially intersect solid objects situated in back of a mirror without being part of them.) If THING1 are THING2 are (\"both\") pure space regions, however, then they are identical (see #$equals) if and only if they are cospatial. See also #$spatiallySubsumes and #$spatiallyIntersects.") (#$genlInverse #$cospatial #$cospatial) (#$genlPreds #$cospatial #$spatiallySubsumes) (#$interArgIsa1-2 #$cospatial #$SpatialThing-Localized #$SpatialThing-Localized) (#$interArgIsa1-2 #$cospatial #$SpatialThing-Localized #$SpatialThing-Localized) (#$interArgIsa2-1 #$cospatial #$SpatialThing-Localized #$SpatialThing-Localized) (#$interArgIsa2-1 #$cospatial #$SpatialThing-Localized #$SpatialThing-Localized) (#$isa #$cospatial #$EquivalenceRelation) (#$isa #$cospatial #$SpatialPredicate) (#$relationAllExists #$cospatial #$FreeSpaceContent #$EmptySpaceRegion) (#$relationAllExists #$cospatial #$EmptySpaceRegion #$FreeSpaceContent) (#$arg1Format #$cost #$SetTheFormat) (#$arg1Isa #$cost #$Individual) (#$arg1Isa #$cost #$TemporalThing) (#$arg1Isa #$cost #$TemporalThing) (#$arg2Format #$cost #$IntervalEntry) (#$arg2Isa #$cost #$MonetaryValue) (#$arg2Isa #$cost #$MonetaryValue) (#$argFormat #$cost 2 #$IntervalEntry) (#$argFormat #$cost 1 #$SetTheFormat) (#$argIsa #$cost 2 #$MonetaryValue) (#$argIsa #$cost 2 #$MonetaryValue) (#$argIsa #$cost 2 #$MonetaryValue) (#$argIsa #$cost 1 #$TemporalThing) (#$argIsa #$cost 1 #$TemporalThing) (#$argIsa #$cost 1 #$TemporalThing) (#$arity #$cost 2) (#$comment #$cost "(#$cost OBJECT MONEY) means that the #$TemporalThing OBJECT has a cost in #$MonetaryValue of MONEY. Note that this amount can be a discrete quantity or an interval. This concept is subtly different from (and considerably more complex than) that of #$basicPrice, which denotes the amount of money requested for an item which is for sale. For instance, the price of an airconditioning unit might be $200 while its #$cost (over a lifetime of repairs, and to the environment, if it is environmentally destructive) might be considerably higher. See also the ternary predicate #$costTo.") (#$functionalInArgs #$cost 2) (#$isa #$cost #$BinaryPredicate) (#$isa #$cost #$IntervalBasedQuantitySlot) (#$relationAllInstance #$cost #$LongPants (#$Dollar-UnitedStates 10 200)) (#$relationAllInstance #$cost #$PersonalComputer (#$Dollar-UnitedStates 1500 200000)) (#$relationAllInstance #$cost #$ShortPants (#$Dollar-UnitedStates 5 25)) (#$comment #$CostBreakdownSlot "A specialization of #$BinaryPredicate. Each instance of #$CostBreakdownSlot is a binary predicate used to describe some pecuniary aspect of an instance of #$Buying. The first argument to every #$CostBreakdownSlot is constrained to be an instance of #$Buying and the second argument is constrained to be an instance of #$MonetaryValue. Instances of #$CostBreakdownSlot include #$moneyTransferred, #$discount, #$salesTax, and #$salesCommission.") (#$genls #$CostBreakdownSlot #$BinaryPredicate) (#$isa #$CostBreakdownSlot #$PredicateCategory) (#$sharedNotes #$CostBreakdownSlot #$NoteAboutPredicateCategories) (#$arg1Genl #$costPerQuantity #$Product) (#$arg1Isa #$costPerQuantity #$ExistingStuffType) (#$arg1Isa #$costPerQuantity #$ProductType) (#$arg2Isa #$costPerQuantity #$PhysicalAmountSlot) (#$arg3Isa #$costPerQuantity #$ScalarInterval) (#$arg4Isa #$costPerQuantity #$MonetaryValue) (#$argGenl #$costPerQuantity 1 #$Product) (#$argGenl #$costPerQuantity 1 #$Product) (#$argIsa #$costPerQuantity 1 #$ExistingStuffType) (#$argIsa #$costPerQuantity 1 #$ExistingStuffType) (#$argIsa #$costPerQuantity 4 #$MonetaryValue) (#$argIsa #$costPerQuantity 4 #$MonetaryValue) (#$argIsa #$costPerQuantity 2 #$PhysicalAmountSlot) (#$argIsa #$costPerQuantity 2 #$PhysicalAmountSlot) (#$argIsa #$costPerQuantity 1 #$ProductType) (#$argIsa #$costPerQuantity 1 #$ProductType) (#$argIsa #$costPerQuantity 3 #$ScalarInterval) (#$argIsa #$costPerQuantity 3 #$ScalarInterval) (#$arity #$costPerQuantity 4) (#$comment #$costPerQuantity "The predicate #$costPerQuantity gives the price for a measured amount of some type of stuff. (#$costPerQuantity STUFF UNITS QUANTITY PRICE) means that this kind of STUFF costs PRICE for each QUANTITY of UNITS. For example, #$Milk, as measured by volume (i.e., by the predicate #$volumeOfObject), costs about US $3 per gallon.") (#$isa #$costPerQuantity #$QuaternaryPredicate) (#$arg1Isa #$cotemporal #$TemporalThing) (#$arg2Isa #$cotemporal #$TemporalThing) (#$argIsa #$cotemporal 1 #$TemporalThing) (#$argIsa #$cotemporal 1 #$TemporalThing) (#$argIsa #$cotemporal 2 #$TemporalThing) (#$argIsa #$cotemporal 2 #$TemporalThing) (#$arity #$cotemporal 2) (#$comment #$cotemporal "(#$cotemporal X Y) means that X and Y have the exact same temporal extent. This is a much stronger relation than #$temporalBoundsIdentical (q.v.). Note: Cyc's #$cotemporal relation is equivalent to what James Allen independently dubbed the EQUALS relation.") (#$genlInverse #$cotemporal #$cotemporal) (#$genlPreds #$cotemporal #$temporalBoundsIdentical) (#$genlPreds #$cotemporal #$temporallySubsumes) (#$isa #$cotemporal #$ComplexTemporalPredicate) (#$isa #$cotemporal #$EquivalenceRelation) (#$relationAllExists #$cotemporal #$LegalHoliday #$CalendarDay) (#$comment #$CotemporalObjectsSlot "#$CotemporalObjectsSlot is the collection of #$BinaryPredicates PRED such that whenever a formula without free variables (PRED ARG1 ARG2) is true at a moment in time, it will be the case that the moment belongs to the temporal extent of both ARG1 and ARG2 (i.e., that ARG1 and ARG2 are #$TemporalThings which temporally subsume the moment). For example, #$owns is a #$CotemporalObjectsSlot. So from the assertion (#$holdsIn (#$YearFn 1992) (#$owns Nick Spot)), we can conclude that Nick and Spot were alive throughout (temporally subsume) 1992. In contrast, consider the predicate #$awareOf, which is not a #$CotemporalObjectsSlot. The assertion (#$holdsIn (#$YearFn 1992) (#$awareOf Fred #$GeorgeWashington)) doesn't justify the conclusion (#$temporallySubsumes #$GeorgeWashington (#$YearFn 1992)). In general (with the qualifications indicated below), a closed assertion (#$holdsIn TIME (PRED ARG1 ARG2)), with PRED a #$CotemporalObjectsSlot, licenses the conclusions (#$temporallySubsumes ARG1 TIME) and (#$temporallySubsumes ARG2 TIME). And a closed assertion (#$holdsSometimeDuring TIME (PRED ARG1 ARG2)) licenses the conclusions (#$temporallyIntersects ARG1 TIME) and (#$temporallyIntersects ARG2 TIME). Although what constitutes a moment can vary with context, for most microtheories explicit considerations of temporal granularity (in this sense) don't come into play. In particular, in the case of most microtheories, one doesn't have to worry about the possibility of gaps in the fabric of time between moments. (Such gaps would undermine the conclusions above about temporal subsumption.) Another qualification is that ARG1 and ARG2 are not #$IndexicalFirstOrderTerms; in practice, they almost never are. See also the generalization of #$CotemporalObjectsSlot, #$CotemporalPredicate, and the predicate #$contemporaryInArg.") (#$genls #$CotemporalObjectsSlot #$BinaryPredicate) (#$genls #$CotemporalObjectsSlot #$CotemporalPredicate) (#$isa #$CotemporalObjectsSlot #$AtemporalNecessarilyEssentialCollectionType) (#$isa #$CotemporalObjectsSlot #$PredicateCategory) (#$comment #$CotemporalPredicate "#$CotemporalPredicate is the collection of #$Predicates PRED such that whenever a formula (PRED ARG1 ... ARGN) is true at a moment in time, it will be the case that the moment belongs to the temporal extent of each ARG among ARG1, ..., ARGN that is an instance of #$TemporalThing (so that each such ARG temporally subsumes the moment). For example, #$owns is a #$CotemporalPredicate. So from the assertion (#$holdsIn (#$YearFn 1992) (#$owns Nick Spot)), we can conclude (given that Nick and Spot are #$TemporalThings) that Nick and Spot were alive throughout (temporally subsume) 1992. In contrast, consider the predicate #$awareOf, which is not a #$CotemporalPredicate. The assertion (#$holdsIn (#$YearFn 1992) (#$awareOf Fred #$GeorgeWashington)) doesn't justify the conclusion (#$temporallySubsumes #$GeorgeWashington (#$YearFn 1992)). In general (with the qualifications indicated below), an assertion (#$holdsIn TIME (PRED ARG1 ... ARGN)), with PRED a #$CotemporalPredicate and ARG among ARG1, ..., ARGN an instance of #$TemporalThing, licenses the conclusion (#$temporallySubsumes ARG TIME). Moreover, an assertion (#$holdsSometimeDuring TIME (PRED ARG1 ... ARGN)) licenses the conclusion (#$temporallyIntersects ARG TIME). Although what constitutes a moment can vary with context, for most microtheories explicit considerations of temporal granularity (in this sense) don't come into play. In particular, in the case of most microtheories, one doesn't have to worry about the possibility of gaps in the fabric of time between moments (note that the presence of such gaps would undermine the conclusion above about temporal subsumption). Another qualification is that ARG is not an #$IndexicalFirstOrderTerm; in practice, it almost never is. In order to bar predicates that would otherwise trivially qualify as instances of #$CotemporalPredicate, the type-constraint on at least one of the argument-places of a #$CotemporalPredicate PRED must be non-disjoint with #$TemporalThing (or, more generally, the collection of things satisfying all of the #$argIsa and #$argGenl constraints on at least one of the argument-places of PRED must be non-disjoint with #$TemporalThing). See also the specialization of #$CotemporalPredicate, #$CotemporalObjectsSlot, and the predicate #$contemporaryInArg.") (#$genls #$CotemporalPredicate #$ObjectPredicate) (#$genls #$CotemporalPredicate #$SituationPredicate) (#$isa #$CotemporalPredicate #$PredicateCategory) (#$requiredArg1Pred #$CotemporalPredicate #$contemporaryInArg) (#$arg1Isa #$cotemporalSubEvents #$Event) (#$arg2Format #$cotemporalSubEvents #$SetTheFormat) (#$arg2Isa #$cotemporalSubEvents #$Event) (#$argFormat #$cotemporalSubEvents 2 #$SetTheFormat) (#$argIsa #$cotemporalSubEvents 1 #$Event) (#$argIsa #$cotemporalSubEvents 1 #$Event) (#$argIsa #$cotemporalSubEvents 2 #$Event) (#$argIsa #$cotemporalSubEvents 2 #$Event) (#$arity #$cotemporalSubEvents 2) (#$comment #$cotemporalSubEvents "The predicate #$cotemporalSubEvents is used to relate an event to some sub-event which has the same duration as the whole event, but doesn't necessarily include everything that happens in the whole event. (#$cotemporalSubEvents WHOLE PART) means that WHOLE and PART are cotemporal events (i.e., they have the same exact duration), and PART is a component of WHOLE. For example, a particular instance of #$RainStorm may have distinguishable #$cotemporalSubEvents for (1) raining and (2) wind blowing, and an instance of swimming #$Backstroke has separable events for (1) kicking and (2) arm motion throughout the swimming. See also #$cotemporal, #$subEvents.") (#$genlPreds #$cotemporalSubEvents #$cotemporal) (#$genlPreds #$cotemporalSubEvents #$subEvents) (#$isa #$cotemporalSubEvents #$AntiSymmetricBinaryPredicate) (#$isa #$cotemporalSubEvents #$BinaryRolePredicate) (#$isa #$cotemporalSubEvents #$NonPhysicalPartPredicate) (#$isa #$cotemporalSubEvents #$ReflexiveBinaryPredicate) (#$isa #$cotemporalSubEvents #$SubEventPredicate) (#$isa #$cotemporalSubEvents #$TransitiveBinaryPredicate) (#$relationAllExists #$cotemporalSubEvents #$CarryingWhileLocomoting #$LocomotionEvent-Animal) (#$argIsa #$Coulomb 0 #$SubLRealNumber) (#$argsIsa #$Coulomb #$SubLRealNumber) (#$argsIsa #$Coulomb #$SubLRealNumber) (#$argsIsa #$Coulomb #$SubLRealNumber) (#$arityMax #$Coulomb 2) (#$arityMax #$Coulomb 2) (#$arityMin #$Coulomb 1) (#$arityMin #$Coulomb 1) (#$comment #$Coulomb "This is the basic unit of measure for charge in the metric system and in CYC.") (#$isa #$Coulomb #$MKSUnitOfMeasure) (#$isa #$Coulomb #$StandardUnitOfMeasure) (#$isa #$Coulomb #$UnitOfCharge) (#$isa #$Coulomb #$UnitOfMeasureNoPrefix) (#$resultIsa #$Coulomb #$ElectricalCharge) (#$resultIsa #$Coulomb #$ElectricalCharge) (#$resultIsa #$Coulomb #$ScalarInterval) (#$resultIsa #$Coulomb #$ScalarInterval) (#$comment #$Counting "A specialization of #$Evaluating. Each instance of this collection is an event in which at least one agent evaluates the numeric quantity of some (reasonably discrete) group of things by assigning numbers to each thing in turn. The items counted may not necessarily be tangible objects (e.g, \"close your eyes and count to 10\", a mathematician counting the number of primes between 1 and 100). See also #$CountingDevice.") (#$genls #$Counting #$Evaluating) (#$genls #$Counting #$Event) (#$genls #$Counting #$Group) (#$genls #$Counting #$Individual) (#$genls #$Counting #$Series) (#$isa #$Counting #$DefaultDisjointScriptType) (#$isa #$Counting #$TemporalStuffType) (#$comment #$CountNoun "The collection of all simple nouns, also called common nouns. Simple nouns can typically be preceded by a determiner, and in English they inflect for number. These nouns, unlike mass nouns, are countable. Example: 'dog'.") (#$genls #$CountNoun #$Individual) (#$genls #$CountNoun #$Noun) (#$isa #$CountNoun #$SpeechPart) (#$comment #$Country "A specialization of #$GeopoliticalEntity. Each instance of #$Country is a nation-state having its own territory, population, and government, whether or not it is fully independent. For example, #$Scotland is an instance of #$Country, even though it is a part of the #$UnitedKingdomOfGreatBritainAndNorthernIreland. See also the important specialization #$IndependentCountry.") (#$disjointWith #$Country #$CapitalCityOfRegion) (#$disjointWith #$Country #$County) (#$disjointWith #$Country #$EducationalOrganization) (#$disjointWith #$Country #$InternationalOrganizationOfCountries) (#$disjointWith #$Country #$State-UnitedStates) (#$genls #$Country #$GeopoliticalEntity) (#$genls #$Country #$Individual) (#$isa #$Country #$ExistingObjectType) (#$arg1Isa #$countryOfAddress #$ContactLocation) (#$arg1Isa #$countryOfAddress #$ContactLocation) (#$arg2Format #$countryOfAddress #$SingleEntry) (#$arg2Isa #$countryOfAddress #$Country) (#$arg2Isa #$countryOfAddress #$Country) (#$argFormat #$countryOfAddress 2 #$SingleEntry) (#$argIsa #$countryOfAddress 1 #$ContactLocation) (#$argIsa #$countryOfAddress 1 #$ContactLocation) (#$argIsa #$countryOfAddress 1 #$ContactLocation) (#$argIsa #$countryOfAddress 2 #$Country) (#$argIsa #$countryOfAddress 2 #$Country) (#$argIsa #$countryOfAddress 2 #$Country) (#$arity #$countryOfAddress 2) (#$comment #$countryOfAddress "(#$countryOfAddress LOC COUNTRY) means that the #$ContactLocation LOC is located in the #$Country COUNTRY. For example, the contact location for #$Cycorp is related by #$countryOfAddress to the #$UnitedStatesOfAmerica. See also #$ContactLocation.") (#$functionalInArgs #$countryOfAddress 2) (#$genlPreds #$countryOfAddress #$inRegion) (#$isa #$countryOfAddress #$SpatialPredicate) (#$isa #$countryOfAddress #$StrictlyFunctionalSlot) (#$strictlyFunctionalInArgs #$countryOfAddress 2) (#$comment #$CountrySubsidiary "A specialization of #$GeopoliticalEntity. Each instance of #$CountrySubsidiary is a political region that is a direct subsidiary of some country. This collection includes states, provinces, territories, and some special districts such as Washington, D.C.") (#$genls #$CountrySubsidiary #$GeopoliticalEntity) (#$isa #$CountrySubsidiary #$ExistingObjectType) (#$comment #$County "A specialization of #$GeopoliticalEntity. Each instance of #$County is a geopolitical region having an area typically larger than that of a #$City, but smaller than that of a #$State-Geopolitical.") (#$disjointWith #$County #$City) (#$disjointWith #$County #$InternationalOrganizationOfCountries) (#$genls #$County #$GeopoliticalEntity) (#$genls #$County #$Individual) (#$isa #$County #$GeographicalEntityByHierarchy) (#$isa #$County #$SpatiallyDisjointRegionType) (#$comment #$CountyGovernment "#$CountyGovernment is a specialization of #$LocalOrganization and #$RegionalGovernment. Each instance of #$CountyGovernment is a local government that has jurisdiction over a single county.") (#$disjointWith #$CountyGovernment #$GovernmentOfCountry) (#$genls #$CountyGovernment #$Individual) (#$genls #$CountyGovernment #$LocalOrganization) (#$genls #$CountyGovernment #$RegionalGovernment) (#$isa #$CountyGovernment #$ExistingObjectType) (#$comment #$Courageousness-Feeling "Braveness. Emotion of those who show undismayed resolution in presence of evil or danger.") (#$genls #$Courageousness-Feeling #$Confidence) (#$genls #$Courageousness-Feeling #$Resolution-Emotion) (#$isa #$Courageousness-Feeling #$AtemporalNecessarilyEssentialCollectionType) (#$isa #$Courageousness-Feeling #$FeelingType) (#$comment #$CourseDuringAMeal "A specialization of #$ManipulatingFood. Each instance of #$CourseDuringAMeal is an event in which one or more diners at a meal consume a single course. Specializations of #$CourseDuringAMeal include #$AppetizerCourse, #$MainCourse, and #$DessertCourse.") (#$genls #$CourseDuringAMeal #$Individual) (#$genls #$CourseDuringAMeal #$ManipulatingFood) (#$isa #$CourseDuringAMeal #$TemporalObjectType) (#$comment #$Court-Judicial "#$Court-Judicial is a specialization of #$Organization, #$GovernmentAgency, and #$JudicialAgent. Each instance of #$Court-Judicial is an established judicial court, i.e., an enduring governmental organization whose primary function is to settle disputes by means of legal reasoning by one or more #$Judges (q.v.). Typically, a court's orders are enforced by some other agency belonging to the government of which that court is a part. The collection #$Court-Judicial includes federal, state, county, and municipal courts, appellate and chancery courts, tax courts, courts of claims, courts-martial (if non-temporary), admiralty courts, courts of chivalry, American Indian tribal courts, and the Permanent Court of International Justice. It excludes Gypsy/Rom Kris courts, nonjudicial administrative county courts, stannaries, and temporary #$Tribunals (q.v.).") (#$disjointWith #$Court-Judicial #$TransportationOrganization) (#$disjointWith #$Court-Judicial #$TravelOrganization) (#$genls #$Court-Judicial #$GovernmentAgency) (#$genls #$Court-Judicial #$Individual) (#$genls #$Court-Judicial #$JudicialAgent) (#$isa #$Court-Judicial #$ExistingObjectType) (#$arg1Format #$covering #$SetTheFormat) (#$arg1Isa #$covering #$SetOrCollection) (#$arg2Format #$covering #$SetTheFormat) (#$arg2Isa #$covering #$SetOrCollectionType) (#$argFormat #$covering 1 #$SetTheFormat) (#$argFormat #$covering 2 #$SetTheFormat) (#$argIsa #$covering 1 #$SetOrCollection) (#$argIsa #$covering 1 #$SetOrCollection) (#$argIsa #$covering 2 #$SetOrCollectionType) (#$argIsa #$covering 2 #$SetOrCollectionType) (#$arity #$covering 2) (#$comment #$covering "A #$TaxonomicSlot that relates a #$SetOrCollection (q.v.) to a #$SetOrCollectionType (q.v.) that \"covers\" it, i.e. the union of all of the latter's elements (which are themselves sets or collections) includes all of the former's elements. (#$covering SETORCOL COVER) means that COVER is a covering of SETORCOL: the elements of COVER are themselves mathematical sets or collections, and every element of SETORCOL is an element of at least one of the elements of COVER. For example, the Linnaean taxonomy of types of living things (Dog, Mammal, Chordate, Fungus, etc.) is a covering of the set of all animals alive today, as every animal alive today is a member of one or more of the Linnaean categories. Note that COVER may contain \"extra\" elements that are not members of SETORCOL. For example, the union of all the Linnaean categories (see #$OrganismClassificationType) is actually much larger than the set of animals alive today, encompassing as it does plants, extinct animal species, etc. In order to express an assertion about covering, one need not create a new constant from scratch to play the role of COVER if such a constant doesn't already exist. Instead, using the function #$TheCovering (q.v.), one can specify a covering by enumerating its elements. (#$TheCovering is a special #$ReifiableFunction whose principal reason-for-being is to facilitate the inference heuristics associated with assertions about covering.)") (#$isa #$covering #$BinaryPredicate) (#$isa #$covering #$OpenCycDefinitionalPredicate) (#$isa #$covering #$TaxonomicSlot) (#$transitiveViaArgInverse #$covering #$subsetOf 1) (#$comment #$Covering-Object "The collection of all objects designed or evolved to be used as coverings for other objects. The intended purpose could be to shelter or protect the covered object, or even just to serve a decorative function. Examples include paint, #$Tile, #$Wigs, #$Carpets, and #$Eyelids.") (#$disjointWith #$Covering-Object #$InanimateThing-Natural) (#$genls #$Covering-Object #$Individual) (#$genls #$Covering-Object #$PartiallyTangible) (#$isa #$Covering-Object #$ExistingObjectType) (#$arg1Format #$covers-Baglike #$SetTheFormat) (#$arg1Isa #$covers-Baglike #$SheetOfSomeStuff) (#$arg1Isa #$covers-Baglike #$SheetOfSomeStuff) (#$arg1Isa #$covers-Baglike #$SolidTangibleThing) (#$arg1Isa #$covers-Baglike #$SolidTangibleThing) (#$arg2Format #$covers-Baglike #$SetTheFormat) (#$arg2Isa #$covers-Baglike #$PartiallyTangible) (#$arg2Isa #$covers-Baglike #$PartiallyTangible) (#$argFormat #$covers-Baglike 1 #$SetTheFormat) (#$argFormat #$covers-Baglike 2 #$SetTheFormat) (#$argIsa #$covers-Baglike 2 #$PartiallyTangible) (#$argIsa #$covers-Baglike 2 #$PartiallyTangible) (#$argIsa #$covers-Baglike 2 #$PartiallyTangible) (#$argIsa #$covers-Baglike 1 #$SheetOfSomeStuff) (#$argIsa #$covers-Baglike 1 #$SheetOfSomeStuff) (#$argIsa #$covers-Baglike 1 #$SheetOfSomeStuff) (#$argIsa #$covers-Baglike 1 #$SolidTangibleThing) (#$argIsa #$covers-Baglike 1 #$SolidTangibleThing) (#$argIsa #$covers-Baglike 1 #$SolidTangibleThing) (#$arity #$covers-Baglike 2) (#$comment #$covers-Baglike "(#$covers-Baglike WRAP OBJECT) means that the #$SheetOfSomeStuff WRAP covers OBJECT as a continuous sheet (so that WRAP also touches OBJECT), and is wrapped wholly around OBJECT (so that OBJECT is totally enclosed in WRAP).") (#$genlInverse #$covers-Baglike #$in-ContClosed) (#$genlPreds #$covers-Baglike #$covers-Sheetlike) (#$genlPreds #$covers-Baglike #$surroundsCompletely) (#$isa #$covers-Baglike #$AntiSymmetricBinaryPredicate) (#$isa #$covers-Baglike #$AsymmetricBinaryPredicate) (#$isa #$covers-Baglike #$CotemporalObjectsSlot) (#$isa #$covers-Baglike #$InterExistingObjectPredicate) (#$isa #$covers-Baglike #$SpatialPredicate) (#$isa #$covers-Baglike #$TransitiveBinaryPredicate) (#$negationInverse #$covers-Baglike #$covers-Baglike) (#$negationInverse #$covers-Baglike #$covers-Baglike) (#$arg1Format #$covers-Generic #$SetTheFormat) (#$arg1Isa #$covers-Generic #$PartiallyTangible) (#$arg1Isa #$covers-Generic #$PartiallyTangible) (#$arg2Isa #$covers-Generic #$PartiallyTangible) (#$arg2Isa #$covers-Generic #$PartiallyTangible) (#$argFormat #$covers-Generic 1 #$SetTheFormat) (#$argIsa #$covers-Generic 1 #$PartiallyTangible) (#$argIsa #$covers-Generic 1 #$PartiallyTangible) (#$argIsa #$covers-Generic 1 #$PartiallyTangible) (#$argIsa #$covers-Generic 2 #$PartiallyTangible) (#$argIsa #$covers-Generic 2 #$PartiallyTangible) (#$argIsa #$covers-Generic 2 #$PartiallyTangible) (#$arity #$covers-Generic 2) (#$comment #$covers-Generic "(#$covers-Generic COVER THING) means that COVER physically covers THING. This is the most general predicate referring to covering. More specific predicates include #$covers-Sheetlike, #$covers-Paintlike, #$covers-Hairlike, and so forth.") (#$genlPreds #$covers-Generic #$touchesDirectly) (#$isa #$covers-Generic #$CotemporalObjectsSlot) (#$isa #$covers-Generic #$IrreflexiveBinaryPredicate) (#$arg1Isa #$covers-Hairlike #$PartiallyTangible) (#$arg1Isa #$covers-Hairlike #$PartiallyTangible) (#$arg2Format #$covers-Hairlike #$SetTheFormat) (#$arg2Isa #$covers-Hairlike #$PartiallyTangible) (#$arg2Isa #$covers-Hairlike #$PartiallyTangible) (#$argFormat #$covers-Hairlike 2 #$SetTheFormat) (#$argIsa #$covers-Hairlike 1 #$PartiallyTangible) (#$argIsa #$covers-Hairlike 1 #$PartiallyTangible) (#$argIsa #$covers-Hairlike 1 #$PartiallyTangible) (#$argIsa #$covers-Hairlike 2 #$PartiallyTangible) (#$argIsa #$covers-Hairlike 2 #$PartiallyTangible) (#$argIsa #$covers-Hairlike 2 #$PartiallyTangible) (#$arity #$covers-Hairlike 2) (#$comment #$covers-Hairlike "(#$covers-Hairlike HAIR OBJECT) means that HAIR consists of a mob of things that are embedded close together in OBJECT and cover some portion of its surface. See also #$Mob.") (#$genlPreds #$covers-Hairlike #$covers-Generic) (#$isa #$covers-Hairlike #$CotemporalObjectsSlot) (#$isa #$covers-Hairlike #$InterExistingObjectPredicate) (#$isa #$covers-Hairlike #$IrreflexiveBinaryPredicate) (#$isa #$covers-Hairlike #$SpatialPredicate) (#$arg1Format #$covers-Paintlike #$openEntryFormatInArgs) (#$arg1Isa #$covers-Paintlike #$PartiallyTangible) (#$arg1Isa #$covers-Paintlike #$PartiallyTangible) (#$arg2Format #$covers-Paintlike #$openEntryFormatInArgs) (#$arg2Isa #$covers-Paintlike #$PartiallyTangible) (#$arg2Isa #$covers-Paintlike #$PartiallyTangible) (#$argFormat #$covers-Paintlike 1 #$openEntryFormatInArgs) (#$argFormat #$covers-Paintlike 2 #$openEntryFormatInArgs) (#$argIsa #$covers-Paintlike 1 #$PartiallyTangible) (#$argIsa #$covers-Paintlike 1 #$PartiallyTangible) (#$argIsa #$covers-Paintlike 1 #$PartiallyTangible) (#$argIsa #$covers-Paintlike 2 #$PartiallyTangible) (#$argIsa #$covers-Paintlike 2 #$PartiallyTangible) (#$argIsa #$covers-Paintlike 2 #$PartiallyTangible) (#$arity #$covers-Paintlike 2) (#$comment #$covers-Paintlike "(#$covers-Paintlike COATING OBJECT) means that COATING adheres to and covers OBJECT like a coat of paint. Since COATING adheres to OBJECT, COATING directly touches (see the predicate #$touchesDirectly) OBJECT. COATING may be either dry (e.g., dried paint) or liquid (e.g., lubricant spread on a surface, like cooking oil on a baking pan). (#$covers-Paintlike COATING OBJECT) implies that COATING isn't more cohesive with itself than it is with OBJECT, so (if dry) it would tend to peel or flake off in small pieces, rather than as a whole.") (#$genlPreds #$covers-Paintlike #$covers-Generic) (#$genlPreds #$covers-Paintlike #$stuckTo) (#$isa #$covers-Paintlike #$AntiSymmetricBinaryPredicate) (#$isa #$covers-Paintlike #$AsymmetricBinaryPredicate) (#$isa #$covers-Paintlike #$CotemporalObjectsSlot) (#$isa #$covers-Paintlike #$InterExistingObjectPredicate) (#$isa #$covers-Paintlike #$SpatialPredicate) (#$isa #$covers-Paintlike #$TransitiveBinaryPredicate) (#$negationInverse #$covers-Paintlike #$covers-Paintlike) (#$negationInverse #$covers-Paintlike #$covers-Paintlike) (#$arg1Isa #$covers-Ruglike #$SheetOfSomeStuff) (#$arg1Isa #$covers-Ruglike #$SheetOfSomeStuff) (#$arg1Isa #$covers-Ruglike #$SolidTangibleThing) (#$arg1Isa #$covers-Ruglike #$SolidTangibleThing) (#$arg2Isa #$covers-Ruglike #$PartiallyTangible) (#$arg2Isa #$covers-Ruglike #$PartiallyTangible) (#$argIsa #$covers-Ruglike 2 #$PartiallyTangible) (#$argIsa #$covers-Ruglike 2 #$PartiallyTangible) (#$argIsa #$covers-Ruglike 2 #$PartiallyTangible) (#$argIsa #$covers-Ruglike 1 #$SheetOfSomeStuff) (#$argIsa #$covers-Ruglike 1 #$SheetOfSomeStuff) (#$argIsa #$covers-Ruglike 1 #$SheetOfSomeStuff) (#$argIsa #$covers-Ruglike 1 #$SolidTangibleThing) (#$argIsa #$covers-Ruglike 1 #$SolidTangibleThing) (#$argIsa #$covers-Ruglike 1 #$SolidTangibleThing) (#$arity #$covers-Ruglike 2) (#$comment #$covers-Ruglike "(#$covers-Ruglike MAT OBJECT) means that MAT covers at least part of one surface of OBJECT. MAT is #$SheetShaped, and MAT lies with its two longer dimensions parallel to OBJECT. See also #$coversWithConformity.") (#$genlPreds #$covers-Ruglike #$covers-Sheetlike) (#$isa #$covers-Ruglike #$CotemporalObjectsSlot) (#$isa #$covers-Ruglike #$InterExistingObjectPredicate) (#$isa #$covers-Ruglike #$IrreflexiveBinaryPredicate) (#$isa #$covers-Ruglike #$SpatialPredicate) (#$arg1Isa #$covers-Sheetlike #$SheetOfSomeStuff) (#$arg1Isa #$covers-Sheetlike #$SheetOfSomeStuff) (#$arg2Isa #$covers-Sheetlike #$PartiallyTangible) (#$arg2Isa #$covers-Sheetlike #$PartiallyTangible) (#$argIsa #$covers-Sheetlike 2 #$PartiallyTangible) (#$argIsa #$covers-Sheetlike 2 #$PartiallyTangible) (#$argIsa #$covers-Sheetlike 2 #$PartiallyTangible) (#$argIsa #$covers-Sheetlike 1 #$SheetOfSomeStuff) (#$argIsa #$covers-Sheetlike 1 #$SheetOfSomeStuff) (#$argIsa #$covers-Sheetlike 1 #$SheetOfSomeStuff) (#$arity #$covers-Sheetlike 2) (#$comment #$covers-Sheetlike "(#$covers-Sheetlike SHEET OBJ) means that SHEET, a #$SheetOfSomeStuff, covers OBJ like a sheet. It may be resting on top (#$covers-Ruglike), draped over, or wrapped around the object. #$covers-Baglike is a restricted form of this.") (#$genlPreds #$covers-Sheetlike #$covers-Generic) (#$genlPreds #$covers-Sheetlike #$sheetSurfaceTouches) (#$isa #$covers-Sheetlike #$CotemporalObjectsSlot) (#$isa #$covers-Sheetlike #$InterExistingObjectPredicate) (#$isa #$covers-Sheetlike #$IrreflexiveBinaryPredicate) (#$isa #$covers-Sheetlike #$SpatialPredicate) (#$arg1Format #$covers-Skinlike #$PartsFormat) (#$arg1Isa #$covers-Skinlike #$PartiallyTangible) (#$arg1Isa #$covers-Skinlike #$PartiallyTangible) (#$arg2Format #$covers-Skinlike #$PartsFormat) (#$arg2Isa #$covers-Skinlike #$PartiallyTangible) (#$arg2Isa #$covers-Skinlike #$PartiallyTangible) (#$argFormat #$covers-Skinlike 1 #$PartsFormat) (#$argFormat #$covers-Skinlike 2 #$PartsFormat) (#$argIsa #$covers-Skinlike 1 #$PartiallyTangible) (#$argIsa #$covers-Skinlike 1 #$PartiallyTangible) (#$argIsa #$covers-Skinlike 1 #$PartiallyTangible) (#$argIsa #$covers-Skinlike 2 #$PartiallyTangible) (#$argIsa #$covers-Skinlike 2 #$PartiallyTangible) (#$argIsa #$covers-Skinlike 2 #$PartiallyTangible) (#$arity #$covers-Skinlike 2) (#$comment #$covers-Skinlike "(#$covers-Skinlike SKIN OBJECT) means that SKIN forms all or part of OBJECT's outer surface, shell, or skin. The predicate is agnostic as to whether SKIN is a part of OBJECT.") (#$functionalInArgs #$covers-Skinlike 1) (#$functionalInArgs #$covers-Skinlike 2) (#$genlPreds #$covers-Skinlike #$covers-Generic) (#$isa #$covers-Skinlike #$AsymmetricBinaryPredicate) (#$isa #$covers-Skinlike #$CotemporalObjectsSlot) (#$isa #$covers-Skinlike #$FunctionalSlot) (#$isa #$covers-Skinlike #$InterExistingObjectPredicate) (#$isa #$covers-Skinlike #$SpatialPredicate) (#$isa #$covers-Skinlike #$TransitiveBinaryPredicate) (#$negationInverse #$covers-Skinlike #$covers-Skinlike) (#$comment #$CProgrammingDomainMt "This micotheory contains assertions about how programming in the C language is done.") (#$genlMt #$CProgrammingDomainMt #$BaseKB) (#$genlMt #$CProgrammingDomainMt #$CSyntaxProgrammingDomainMt) (#$isa #$CProgrammingDomainMt #$Microtheory) (#$isa #$CProgrammingDomainMt #$PlanningDomainMicrotheory) (#$comment #$CProgrammingLanguageMt "This micotheory contains knowledge of the structure and syntax of #$C-ComputerLanguage.") (#$genlMt #$CProgrammingLanguageMt #$BaseKB) (#$genlMt #$CProgrammingLanguageMt #$CSyntaxProgrammingLanguageMt) (#$isa #$CProgrammingLanguageMt #$VocabularyMicrotheory) (#$comment #$CProgrammingTestMt "A testing microtheory for the #$CProgrammingDomainMt. This microtheory is the correct context for asserting knowledge of the implementation assumptions the current programmer will make when planning programs. Every programming context needs such a microtheory that is distinct from the programming domain itself, since the only assumption made there is that a particular programming language is being used.") (#$genlMt #$CProgrammingTestMt #$BaseKB) (#$genlMt #$CProgrammingTestMt #$CProgrammingDomainMt) (#$genlMt #$CProgrammingTestMt #$NameStringDefinitionMt) (#$isa #$CProgrammingTestMt #$DataMicrotheory) (#$isa #$CProgrammingTestMt #$PlanningDomainMicrotheory) (#$comment #$Cracking "A collection of change events. In each #$Cracking, something becomes cracked. I.e., two or more areas of the thing are separated from one another (though perhaps not divided wholly into parts). In order to undergo a #$Cracking, the #$objectOfStateChange must be in a #$Solid-StateOfMatter.") (#$genls #$Cracking #$Individual) (#$genls #$Cracking #$IntrinsicStateChangeEvent) (#$genls #$Cracking #$SeparationEvent) (#$isa #$Cracking #$FirstOrderCollection) (#$arg1Isa #$createdBy #$TemporalThing) (#$arg2Format #$createdBy #$SetTheFormat) (#$arg2Isa #$createdBy #$Agent) (#$argFormat #$createdBy 2 #$SetTheFormat) (#$argIsa #$createdBy 2 #$Agent) (#$argIsa #$createdBy 2 #$Agent) (#$argIsa #$createdBy 1 #$TemporalThing) (#$argIsa #$createdBy 1 #$TemporalThing) (#$arity #$createdBy 2) (#$comment #$createdBy "The predicate #$createdBy relates something to its creator(s). (#$createdBy THING AGENT) means that AGENT is one of the people, corporations, publishers, etc., responsible for the invention or bringing into being of THING. This is a very general predicate, whose narrower specifications such as #$developerOfIBTType, #$ibtCreator, #$madeBy, or #$creatorOfCW, should be used if applicable instead.") (#$isa #$createdBy #$AsymmetricBinaryPredicate) (#$isa #$createdBy #$BinaryPredicate) (#$negationInverse #$createdBy #$createdBy) (#$arg1Isa #$createNewConceptInCyc #$IntelligentAgent) (#$arg1Isa #$createNewConceptInCyc #$IntelligentAgent) (#$arg2Isa #$createNewConceptInCyc #$SubLString) (#$arg2Isa #$createNewConceptInCyc #$SubLString) (#$argIsa #$createNewConceptInCyc 1 #$IntelligentAgent) (#$argIsa #$createNewConceptInCyc 2 #$SubLString) (#$arity #$createNewConceptInCyc 2) (#$comment #$createNewConceptInCyc "a instance of #$ActionPredicate. (#$createNewConceptInCyc AGT STRING) means that the #$IntelligentAgent AGT creates the #$Cyc term named by the #$SubLString STRING.") (#$isa #$createNewConceptInCyc #$ActionPredicate) (#$isa #$createNewConceptInCyc #$BinaryPredicate) (#$isa #$createNewConceptInCyc #$CognitiveCycFORT) (#$comment #$CreatingAnArtifact "A specialization of #$PurposefulAction. In every instance of #$CreatingAnArtifact, an #$Agent deliberately brings an #$Artifact-Generic into existence. This artifact may be tangible or intangible. Chiseling a marble statue, writing a computer program, or whistling a tune would all be instances of #$CreatingAnArtifact. Two important specializations of #$CreatingAnArtifact are: (1) #$IBTGeneration-Original, the creation of #$InformationBearingThings expressing an original thought or idea. (2) #$MakingSomething, where #$PartiallyTangible things are created. See also #$artifactsCreated.") (#$genls #$CreatingAnArtifact #$CreationEvent) (#$genls #$CreatingAnArtifact #$Individual) (#$genls #$CreatingAnArtifact #$PurposefulAction) (#$genls #$CreatingAnArtifact #$PurposefulAction) (#$isa #$CreatingAnArtifact #$TemporalObjectType) (#$comment #$CreationEvent "A specialization of #$CreationOrDestructionEvent. In each instance of #$CreationEvent, at least one instance of #$Entity (q.v.) is brought into existence (see #$outputsCreated).") (#$genls #$CreationEvent #$CreationOrDestructionEvent) (#$genls #$CreationEvent #$Individual) (#$isa #$CreationEvent #$TemporalObjectType) (#$comment #$CreationOrDestructionEvent "A specialization of #$Event-Localized. During each instance of #$CreationOrDestructionEvent, one or more instances of #$Entity (q.v.) come into or go out of existence. Notable specializations of #$CreationOrDestructionEvent include #$Manufacturing, #$MakingSomething, and #$Killing-Biological.") (#$covering #$CreationOrDestructionEvent (#$TheCovering #$CreationEvent #$DestructionEvent)) (#$genls #$CreationOrDestructionEvent #$Event-Localized) (#$genls #$CreationOrDestructionEvent #$Individual) (#$isa #$CreationOrDestructionEvent #$TemporalObjectType) (#$arg1Isa #$creatorOfCW #$IntelligentAgent) (#$arg1Isa #$creatorOfCW #$IntelligentAgent) (#$arg2Isa #$creatorOfCW #$DevisedPracticeOrWork) (#$arg2Isa #$creatorOfCW #$DevisedPracticeOrWork) (#$argIsa #$creatorOfCW 2 #$DevisedPracticeOrWork) (#$argIsa #$creatorOfCW 2 #$DevisedPracticeOrWork) (#$argIsa #$creatorOfCW 2 #$DevisedPracticeOrWork) (#$argIsa #$creatorOfCW 1 #$IntelligentAgent) (#$argIsa #$creatorOfCW 1 #$IntelligentAgent) (#$argIsa #$creatorOfCW 1 #$IntelligentAgent) (#$arity #$creatorOfCW 2) (#$comment #$creatorOfCW "An #$IntangibleObjectPredicate that relates #$IntelligentAgents to #$DevisedPracticeOrWorks that they have created. (#$creatorOfCW AGENT WORK) means that AGENT is responsible for the creation of the main content of WORK. WORK might contain parts that were not created by AGENT (e.g. a preface or illustration), but the work as a whole can be said to be the creation of AGENT. To indicate the creator of a part of a written #$ConceptualWork, use #$creatorOfPartOfWork.") (#$genlInverse #$creatorOfCW #$createdBy) (#$genlPreds #$creatorOfCW #$awareOf) (#$isa #$creatorOfCW #$BinaryPredicate) (#$isa #$creatorOfCW #$IntangibleObjectPredicate) (#$typedGenlInverse #$creatorOfCW #$createdBy) (#$comment #$Credential "A specialization of #$PropositionalInformationThing. Each instance of #$Credential is specific information about one #$SocialBeing (q.v.), provided by another #$SocialBeing. The information content of a credential consists of favorable, enabling, or empowering propositional declarations. Although each instance of #$Credential is wholly intangible, instances of #$Credential usually have some associated #$TextualMaterial (e.g. a diploma associated with a college degree, a driver's license). A credential may certify that the holder (i.e. the subject of the credential) has a particular skill (e.g. legal bar certification or the ability to drive); has completed certain training (e.g. GED schooling or satisfying PhD requirements); is allowed to do a certain thing (e.g. a travel visa or permission slip); and so on. See also the predicate #$issuesCredential.") (#$genls #$Credential #$PropositionalInformationThing) (#$genls #$Credential #$TemporalThing) (#$isa #$Credential #$ObjectType) (#$comment #$CreditCard "A specialization of both #$Card and #$TenderObject. Each instance of #$CreditCard is a piece of plastic that enables authorized users to spend the card-issuing company's money, drawn as a (usually unsecured) loan through an associated instance of #$CreditCardAccount (q.v.) under a pre-arranged credit agreement. The credit card company credits the vendor of the purchased goods or services and bills the card user (see #$Bill-PaymentRequest), usually with interest. See also #$creditor, #$owesDebts.") (#$disjointWith #$CreditCard #$PrepaidTelephoneCard) (#$genls #$CreditCard #$Card) (#$genls #$CreditCard #$FinancialAccountTenderObject) (#$genls #$CreditCard #$FreeSheet) (#$genls #$CreditCard #$IDDocument) (#$genls #$CreditCard #$Individual) (#$genls #$CreditCard #$TenderObject) (#$isa #$CreditCard #$ExistingObjectType) (#$isa #$CreditCard #$MoneyTenderType) (#$isa #$CreditCard #$MoneyTenderType) (#$isa #$CreditCard #$TextualMaterialTypeByFunction) (#$comment #$Crevice "The collection of all long, slender cavities or cracks or furrows in otherwise solid objects. The width of a crevice is significantly less than its length. The depth of a crevice is often greater than its width, and is never significantly less than its width.") (#$genls #$Crevice #$CavityWithWalls) (#$genls #$Crevice #$Individual) (#$genls #$Crevice #$PartiallyTangible) (#$isa #$Crevice #$ExistingObjectType) (#$arg1Isa #$crewMember #$TransportationEvent) (#$arg1Isa #$crewMember #$TransportationEvent) (#$arg2Isa #$crewMember #$Person) (#$arg2Isa #$crewMember #$Person) (#$argIsa #$crewMember 2 #$Person) (#$argIsa #$crewMember 2 #$Person) (#$argIsa #$crewMember 2 #$Person) (#$argIsa #$crewMember 1 #$TransportationEvent) (#$argIsa #$crewMember 1 #$TransportationEvent) (#$argIsa #$crewMember 1 #$TransportationEvent) (#$arity #$crewMember 2) (#$comment #$crewMember "(#$crewMember OPERATE PERSON) means that the #$Person PERSON is a member of the crew needed to perform the #$TransportationEvent OPERATE appropriately. Very often the only #$crewMember is the #$driverActor (when driving an #$Automobile for instance), but there are cases when there are more #$crewMembers (when driving a large #$Ship for instance). ") (#$genlPreds #$crewMember #$deliberateActors) (#$genlPreds #$crewMember #$transportees) (#$isa #$crewMember #$ActorSlot) (#$minimizeExtent #$crewMember) (#$comment #$CrimeDetection "A specialization of #$LawEnforcementActivity. In each instance of #$CrimeDetection, an authorized law enforcement agent detects a crime (i.e., some instance of #$CriminalAct).") (#$genls #$CrimeDetection #$Individual) (#$genls #$CrimeDetection #$LawEnforcementActivity) (#$isa #$CrimeDetection #$TemporalObjectType) (#$comment #$CropPlant "#$CropPlant is a specialization of #$Plant. Each instance of #$CropPlant is a plant that has been or is commonly grown and harvested as crops, e.g. #$TobaccoPlant, #$CornPlant, #$OrangeTree, etc.") (#$genls #$CropPlant #$Individual) (#$genls #$CropPlant #$Plant) (#$isa #$CropPlant #$ExistingObjectType) (#$comment #$Cruciform "A specialization of #$ThreeDimensionalGeometricThing. Each instance of #$Cruciform is a three-dimensional object consisting of an upright beam and a transverse beam, with the two beams roughly orthogonal to each other. Examples include spatially localized objects (for example, the space occupied by a cross worn by a Christian approximates an instance of #$Cruciform), as well as abstract cruciform shapes.") (#$genls #$Cruciform #$Individual) (#$genls #$Cruciform #$Polygon3DShaped) (#$genls #$Cruciform #$ThreeDimensionalGeometricThing) (#$isa #$Cruciform #$GenericShapeType) (#$isa #$Cruciform #$ThreeDimensionalShapeType) (#$comment #$CSyntaxProgrammingDomainMt "This micotheory contains assertions about how programming in languages like C, C++, and Java.") (#$genlMt #$CSyntaxProgrammingDomainMt #$BaseKB) (#$genlMt #$CSyntaxProgrammingDomainMt #$CSyntaxProgrammingLanguageMt) (#$genlMt #$CSyntaxProgrammingDomainMt #$ProgrammingDomainMt) (#$isa #$CSyntaxProgrammingDomainMt #$Microtheory) (#$isa #$CSyntaxProgrammingDomainMt #$PlanningDomainMicrotheory) (#$comment #$CSyntaxProgrammingLanguageMt "This micotheory contains vocabulary on the structure and syntax of programming languages like C, C++, and Java.") (#$genlMt #$CSyntaxProgrammingLanguageMt #$BaseKB) (#$genlMt #$CSyntaxProgrammingLanguageMt #$ProgrammingDomainVocabularyMt) (#$isa #$CSyntaxProgrammingLanguageMt #$PlanningDomainMicrotheory) (#$isa #$CSyntaxProgrammingLanguageMt #$VocabularyMicrotheory) (#$comment #$CubeShape "The collection of all three-dimensional cubes. Examples include spatially localized objects, such as dice, as well as abstract cubes.") (#$genls #$CubeShape #$Individual) (#$genls #$CubeShape #$Rectangular3DShape) (#$genls #$CubeShape #$ThreeDimensionalGeometricThing) (#$isa #$CubeShape #$GenericShapeType) (#$isa #$CubeShape #$ThreeDimensionalShapeType) (#$argIsa #$CubicCentimeter 0 #$SubLRealNumber) (#$argsIsa #$CubicCentimeter #$SubLRealNumber) (#$argsIsa #$CubicCentimeter #$SubLRealNumber) (#$arityMax #$CubicCentimeter 2) (#$arityMax #$CubicCentimeter 2) (#$arityMin #$CubicCentimeter 1) (#$arityMin #$CubicCentimeter 1) (#$comment #$CubicCentimeter "An instance of #$UnitOfVolume. When applied to a number or a pair of numbers, #$CubicCentimeter returns an instance of #$Volume. For example, (#$CubicCentimeter 10) is a volume of ten cubic centimeters.") (#$isa #$CubicCentimeter #$CGSUnitOfMeasure) (#$isa #$CubicCentimeter #$UnitOfMeasure) (#$isa #$CubicCentimeter #$UnitOfVolume) (#$resultIsa #$CubicCentimeter #$Volume) (#$resultIsa #$CubicCentimeter #$Volume) (#$comment #$CulturalEvent "The collection of events having something to do with #$HumanCulture. This includes museum displays, concerts, celebrations, etc. each of which is a #$subEvents of the local #$HumanCulture.") (#$genls #$CulturalEvent #$Individual) (#$genls #$CulturalEvent #$SocialOccurrence) (#$isa #$CulturalEvent #$TemporalStuffType) (#$comment #$CultureGMt "The #$TheoryMicrotheory for describing types and features of #$Cultures. Instances of cultures belong in #$PeopleMt (if real #$HumanCultures) or specialized mts for fictional cultures or cultures of non-human animals.") (#$genlMt #$CultureGMt #$BaseKB) (#$genlMt #$CultureGMt #$BaseKB) (#$genlMt #$CultureGMt #$BiologicalSocialMt) (#$genlMt #$CultureGMt #$CultureGVocabularyMt) (#$genlMt #$CultureGMt #$GeographicalRegionGMt) (#$genlMt #$CultureGMt #$InformationTerminologyMt) (#$isa #$CultureGMt #$GeneralMicrotheory) (#$isa #$CultureGMt #$TheoryMicrotheory) (#$comment #$CultureGVocabularyMt "The #$VocabularyMicrotheory for #$CultureGMt.") (#$genlMt #$CultureGVocabularyMt #$BaseKB) (#$genlMt #$CultureGVocabularyMt #$BiologicalSocialVocabularyMt) (#$genlMt #$CultureGVocabularyMt #$GeographicalRegionGVocabularyMt) (#$genlMt #$CultureGVocabularyMt #$GeopoliticalEntityVocabularyMt) (#$genlMt #$CultureGVocabularyMt #$InformationTerminologyVocabularyMt) (#$isa #$CultureGVocabularyMt #$VocabularyMicrotheory) (#$comment #$Curiosity "The collection of feelings of intellectual interest, desire to know (more), to understand (more about) a thing.") (#$genls #$Curiosity #$FeelingAttribute) (#$isa #$Curiosity #$AtemporalNecessarilyEssentialCollectionType) (#$isa #$Curiosity #$FeelingType) (#$comment #$Currency "A specialization of #$TenderObject. Each instance of #$Currency is a physical object generally accepted as legal tender, and used as a means of transferring a quantity of #$Money (q.v.) between some instances of #$Agent. Instances of #$Currency may be coins, items of precious metal, paper bills for which precious objects are payable by a government to the bearer on demand, or unbacked paper bills required by a government to be accepted for payment of debts. Instances of #$Currency are typically backed by and issued by national governments.") (#$disjointWith #$Currency #$FinancialAccountTenderObject) (#$disjointWith #$Currency #$PrepaidTelephoneCard) (#$disjointWith #$Currency #$SomethingToWear) (#$genls #$Currency #$HardcopyInformationBearingObject) (#$genls #$Currency #$HardcopyInformationBearingObject) (#$genls #$Currency #$Individual) (#$genls #$Currency #$PortableObject) (#$genls #$Currency #$SomethingExisting) (#$genls #$Currency #$TenderObject) (#$genls #$Currency #$TenderObject) (#$genls #$Currency #$TextualMaterial) (#$isa #$Currency #$ExistingObjectType) (#$isa #$Currency #$MoneyTenderType) (#$isa #$Currency #$MoneyTenderType) (#$isa #$Currency #$TextualMaterialTypeByFunction) (#$comment #$CurrentShapeVsIntrinsicShape "There is a subtle distinction to be made between the current shape of an object and its intrinsic shape. For instance, is a crumpled piece of paper, or a roll of aluminum foil, #$SheetShaped ? The answer is \"no\". #$SheetShaped refers to an object's current shape. The way to express the idea that a sheet of paper still retains some sheet-like properties, even when crumpled, is to use #$SheetOfSomeStuff.") (#$isa #$CurrentShapeVsIntrinsicShape #$List) (#$isa #$CurrentShapeVsIntrinsicShape #$SharedNote) (#$comment #$CustomaryPathCycLConstant "The collection of Cyc constants created to set up the general framework for reasoning with customary paths.") (#$genls #$CustomaryPathCycLConstant #$Thing) (#$isa #$CustomaryPathCycLConstant #$Collection) (#$quotedCollection #$CustomaryPathCycLConstant) (#$comment #$CustomarySystemOfLinks "A specialization of #$SpatialThing-Localized. Each instance of #$CustomarySystemOfLinks is a customary or conventional network system consisting of interconnected links (instances of #$Path-Customary) and nodes of obvious types, where the elements of the system (i.e., the points, nodes, and links of the system) can be assumed without specifying them as sets (note that this is in contrast to instances of #$PathSystem, in which the sets of point, nodes, links, and loops (if any) have to be specified for the system). Instances of #$CustomarySystemOfLinks include pipe systems, road systems, vascular systems, wiring systems, and mechanical linkages. The links of any #$CustomarySystemOfLinks are assumed to share certain characteristics. For example, in a road system, pipes are not links, nor are streetlights, road paint, or other non-roadways; only the roadways forming the road system are links in that system. Moreover, what constitutes a #$JunctionOfPaths (q.v.) or #$pathTerminus (q.v.) in the system should be obvious from the system type. The links are related to the assumed system by #$linksOfCustomarySystem (q.v.).") (#$genls #$CustomarySystemOfLinks #$Individual) (#$genls #$CustomarySystemOfLinks #$SpatialThing-Localized) (#$isa #$CustomarySystemOfLinks #$CustomaryPathCycLConstant) (#$isa #$CustomarySystemOfLinks #$ObjectType) (#$arg1Isa #$customers #$Agent) (#$arg1Isa #$customers #$Agent) (#$arg2Format #$customers #$SetTheFormat) (#$arg2Isa #$customers #$Agent) (#$arg2Isa #$customers #$Agent) (#$argFormat #$customers 2 #$SetTheFormat) (#$argIsa #$customers 1 #$Agent) (#$argIsa #$customers 1 #$Agent) (#$argIsa #$customers 1 #$Agent) (#$argIsa #$customers 2 #$Agent) (#$argIsa #$customers 2 #$Agent) (#$argIsa #$customers 2 #$Agent) (#$arity #$customers 2) (#$comment #$customers "This predicate relates an agent to another agent to whom the former sells goods or services. (#$customers SELLER CUSTOMER) means SELLER sells goods and/or services to CUSTOMER. CUSTOMER must actually buy something from SELLER in order to be one of SELLER's #$customers. (Thus, #$customers has a narrower meaning than `customer' in colloquial English, which includes potential buyers.) See also #$clients. Cf. #$buyingAgent (in a particular sales event). ") (#$genlInverse #$customers #$suppliers) (#$genlPreds #$customers #$clients) (#$genlPreds #$customers #$doesBusinessWith) (#$isa #$customers #$BinaryPredicate) (#$isa #$customers #$CotemporalObjectsSlot) (#$isa #$customers #$IrreflexiveBinaryPredicate) (#$relationAllExistsMany #$customers #$OrganizationWithBusinessCustomers #$Organization) (#$relationAllExistsMany #$customers #$OrganizationWithIndividualCustomers #$Person) (#$comment #$Cuteness-EmotionalResponse "Attractive or pretty in a delicate way") (#$genls #$Cuteness-EmotionalResponse #$Delight) (#$isa #$Cuteness-EmotionalResponse #$AtemporalNecessarilyEssentialCollectionType) (#$isa #$Cuteness-EmotionalResponse #$FeelingType) (#$comment #$CuttingDevice "A specialization of #$PoweredDevice. Each instance of #$CuttingDevice is a device whose #$primaryFunction is to (enable its user to) cut another object. Specializations of #$CuttingDevice include the collections #$Razor, #$Scissors, and #$LawnMower.") (#$disjointWith #$CuttingDevice #$AirTransportationDevice) (#$disjointWith #$CuttingDevice #$Balloon) (#$disjointWith #$CuttingDevice #$BuildingMaterial) (#$disjointWith #$CuttingDevice #$ControlDevice) (#$disjointWith #$CuttingDevice #$HeatingDevice) (#$disjointWith #$CuttingDevice #$HumanOccupationConstruct) (#$disjointWith #$CuttingDevice #$InformationRecordingDevice) (#$disjointWith #$CuttingDevice #$LightingDevice) (#$disjointWith #$CuttingDevice #$NavigationDevice) (#$disjointWith #$CuttingDevice #$PlumbingFixture) (#$disjointWith #$CuttingDevice #$StorageConstruct) (#$disjointWith #$CuttingDevice #$WaterTransportationDevice) (#$disjointWith #$CuttingDevice #$WritingImplement) (#$genls #$CuttingDevice #$Individual) (#$genls #$CuttingDevice #$PoweredDevice) (#$isa #$CuttingDevice #$ExistingObjectType) (#$isa #$CuttingDevice #$ProductType) (#$comment #$CuttingInPieces "The collection of all cutting events [#$CuttingSomething] in which there is a complete separation [#$Separation-Complete] so that two (or more) distinct connected objects result. The pieces may be of similar or vastly dissimilar size. For example, #$DrillingSomething and #$SawingSomething are specializations of #$CuttingInPieces since small pieces (e.g. sawdust) are removed from the larger piece.") (#$genls #$CuttingInPieces #$CuttingSomething) (#$genls #$CuttingInPieces #$Individual) (#$genls #$CuttingInPieces #$Separation-Complete) (#$isa #$CuttingInPieces #$TemporalObjectType) (#$comment #$CuttingSomething "A specialization of both #$HandlingADevice and #$SeparationEvent. Each instance of #$CuttingSomething is an event in which some piece of material stuff is cut, whether or not a complete separation of parts occurs. Specializations of #$CuttingSomething include #$CuttingNails, #$Butchering, and #$CuttingFabric.") (#$genls #$CuttingSomething #$ActionOnObject) (#$genls #$CuttingSomething #$HandlingADevice) (#$genls #$CuttingSomething #$Individual) (#$genls #$CuttingSomething #$SeparationEvent) (#$isa #$CuttingSomething #$TemporalStuffType) (#$comment #$Cyc "#$Cyc is an instance of #$CycTheCollection, #$SoftwareAgent, and #$IndexicalConcept. It is the agentive instance of #$CycTheCollection (i.e., the copy of #$CycProgram) that one is currently running and using.") (#$isa #$Cyc #$AgentiveArtifact) (#$isa #$Cyc #$ChatterBot) (#$isa #$Cyc #$CycAgent) (#$isa #$Cyc #$Cyclist) (#$isa #$Cyc #$CycTheCollection) (#$isa #$Cyc #$Entity) (#$isa #$Cyc #$IndexicalConcept) (#$isa #$Cyc #$Individual) (#$isa #$Cyc #$IntangibleExistingThing) (#$isa #$Cyc #$TheTerm) (#$comment #$CycAdministrator "This constant is for use by Cyc administrators responsible for installation, setup and maintenance of Cyc images.") (#$isa #$CycAdministrator #$CoreConstant) (#$isa #$CycAdministrator #$HumanCyclist) (#$isa #$CycAdministrator #$IndeterminateTerm) (#$isa #$CycAdministrator #$Individual) (#$genls #$CycAgent #$AgentiveArtifact) (#$genls #$CycAgent #$Cyclist) (#$genls #$CycAgent #$CycTheCollection) (#$genls #$CycAgent #$Individual) (#$genls #$CycAgent #$InformationBearingThing) (#$genls #$CycAgent #$IntangibleExistingThing) (#$genls #$CycAgent #$IntelligentAgent) (#$isa #$CycAgent #$ObjectType) (#$genls #$CycArgumentDatastructure #$CycKBDatastructure) (#$isa #$CycArgumentDatastructure #$CoreImplementationConstant) (#$isa #$CycArgumentDatastructure #$ObjectType) (#$comment #$Cyc-BasedProject "Collection whose instances represent projects based on Cyc. Used to categorize and organize terms and assertions. An example project is #$OpenCycProject. See also #$myCreationPurpose and #$assertionAssertPurpose.") (#$genls #$Cyc-BasedProject #$Individual) (#$genls #$Cyc-BasedProject #$PurposefulAction) (#$genls #$Cyc-BasedProject #$SocialOccurrence) (#$isa #$Cyc-BasedProject #$TemporalObjectType) (#$isa #$CycDeductionDatastructure #$CoreImplementationConstant) (#$isa #$CycDeductionDatastructure #$ObjectType) (#$comment #$CycELVariableList "A subcollection of #$SubLList, each instance of of which is an expression consisting of a sequence of #$ELVariables enclosed in parentheses. Note that this collection is \"quoted\" (see #$quotedCollection). Thus (e.g.) the sentence `(#$isa (?X ?Y ?Z) #$CycELVariableList)' means that the string `(?X ?Y ?Z)' is an instance of #$CycELVariableList.") (#$genls #$CycELVariableList #$SubLList) (#$genls #$CycELVariableList #$Thing) (#$isa #$CycELVariableList #$AtemporalNecessarilyEssentialCollectionType) (#$isa #$CycELVariableList #$ObjectType) (#$quotedCollection #$CycELVariableList) (#$comment #$CycHLSupportDatastructure "A specialization of both #$CycHLDatastructure and #$CycSupportDatastructure (qq.v.) instances of which are Cyc HL datastructures that can be used as supports within a #$CycDeductionDatastructure (q.v.).") (#$isa #$CycHLSupportDatastructure #$CoreImplementationConstant) (#$isa #$CycHLSupportDatastructure #$ObjectType) (#$comment #$CycHLTruthValue "The truth/strength combinations used in the Cyc HL implementation of #$CycLAssertions and arguments.") (#$genls #$CycHLTruthValue #$ComputationalObject) (#$genls #$CycHLTruthValue #$Individual) (#$isa #$CycHLTruthValue #$Collection) (#$isa #$CycHLTruthValue #$CoreImplementationConstant) (#$isa #$CycHLTruthValue #$ObjectType) (#$genls #$CycInference #$CycInferenceDataStructure) (#$isa #$CycInference #$CoreImplementationConstant) (#$isa #$CycInference #$ObjectType) (#$genls #$CycInferenceDataStructure #$ComputerDataStructure) (#$isa #$CycInferenceDataStructure #$CoreImplementationConstant) (#$isa #$CycInferenceDataStructure #$ObjectType) (#$comment #$CycInferenceDescriptorPredicate "The collection of predicates which describe the internal inference mechanisms of the Cyc theorem prover.") (#$genls #$CycInferenceDescriptorPredicate #$Predicate) (#$isa #$CycInferenceDescriptorPredicate #$PredicateCategory) (#$arg1Isa #$CycInferenceFn #$NonNegativeInteger) (#$arg1Isa #$CycInferenceFn #$NonNegativeInteger) (#$arg2Isa #$CycInferenceFn #$CycProblemStore) (#$arg2Isa #$CycInferenceFn #$CycProblemStore) (#$argIsa #$CycInferenceFn 2 #$CycProblemStore) (#$argIsa #$CycInferenceFn 1 #$NonNegativeInteger) (#$arity #$CycInferenceFn 2) (#$isa #$CycInferenceFn #$BinaryFunction) (#$isa #$CycInferenceFn #$CoreImplementationConstant) (#$isa #$CycInferenceFn #$UnreifiableFunction) (#$resultIsa #$CycInferenceFn #$CycInference) (#$comment #$CycInferenceHeuristicPredicate "The collection of predicates which describe the heuristic mechanisms available in the internal inference mechanisms of the Cyc theorem prover.") (#$genls #$CycInferenceHeuristicPredicate #$CycInferenceDescriptorPredicate) (#$genls #$CycInferenceHeuristicPredicate #$Predicate) (#$isa #$CycInferenceHeuristicPredicate #$PredicateCategory) (#$genls #$CycInferenceProblemLinkStatus #$CycInferenceDataStructure) (#$isa #$CycInferenceProblemLinkStatus #$CoreImplementationConstant) (#$isa #$CycInferenceProblemLinkStatus #$ObjectType) (#$partitionedInto #$CycInferenceProblemLinkStatus (#$ThePartition (#$TheSet #$Closed-InferenceProblemLinkStatus #$Open-InferenceProblemLinkStatus))) (#$arg1Isa #$cycInferenceRelevantProblems #$CycInference) (#$arg1Isa #$cycInferenceRelevantProblems #$CycInference) (#$arg2Format #$cycInferenceRelevantProblems #$SetTheFormat) (#$arg2Isa #$cycInferenceRelevantProblems #$CycProblem) (#$arg2Isa #$cycInferenceRelevantProblems #$CycProblem) (#$argFormat #$cycInferenceRelevantProblems 2 #$SetTheFormat) (#$argFormat #$cycInferenceRelevantProblems 2 #$SetTheFormat) (#$argIsa #$cycInferenceRelevantProblems 1 #$CycInference) (#$argIsa #$cycInferenceRelevantProblems 2 #$CycProblem) (#$arity #$cycInferenceRelevantProblems 2) (#$isa #$cycInferenceRelevantProblems #$BinaryPredicate) (#$isa #$cycInferenceRelevantProblems #$CoreImplementationConstant) (#$isa #$CycKBDatastructure #$CoreImplementationConstant) (#$isa #$CycKBDatastructure #$ObjectType) (#$comment #$CycLAssertedAssertion "A specialization of #$CycLAssertion. An instance ASSERT of #$CycLAssertion is also an instance of #$CycLAssertedAssertion just in case ASSERT was explicitly asserted to the Cyc Knowledge Base by one of its users (see the collection #$Cyclist), as opposed to having been deduced by Cyc's inference engine (in which case it would be an instance of #$CycLDeducedAssertion (q.v.)). Note that since a single assertion can be both explicitly asserted to the knowledge base and also deduced by the inference engine, the collections #$CycLAssertedAssertion and #$CycLDeducedAssertion are not disjoint.") (#$genls #$CycLAssertedAssertion #$CycLAssertion) (#$genls #$CycLAssertedAssertion #$Individual) (#$isa #$CycLAssertedAssertion #$AtemporalNecessarilyEssentialCollectionType) (#$isa #$CycLAssertedAssertion #$Collection) (#$isa #$CycLAssertedAssertion #$CoreConstant) (#$isa #$CycLAssertedAssertion #$CycLExpressionType) (#$sharedNotes #$CycLAssertedAssertion #$NoteAboutArgIsaCycLIndexedTerm) (#$sharedNotes #$CycLAssertedAssertion #$NoteAboutArgIsaCycLIndexedTerm) (#$quotedCollection #$CycLAssertedAssertion) (#$comment #$CycLAssertion "The collection of semantically well-formed #$CycLSentences asserted to the Cyc Knowledge Base. Each instance of #$CycLAssertion is either (1) an #$HLAssertion : a Heuristic Level CycL sentence reified in the Cyc Knowledge Base (i.e. a CycL sentence that corresponds to a data structure actually in the Cyc KB), or (2) an #$ELAssertion : an Epistemological Level CycL sentence that can be canonicalized into one or more already extant #$HLAssertions. #$CycLAssertion is used as an argument type constraint for certain meta-predicates, such as #$overrides.") (#$covering #$CycLAssertion (#$TheCovering #$CycLAssertedAssertion #$CycLDeducedAssertion)) (#$disjointWith #$CycLAssertion #$HLReifiedDenotationalTerm) (#$genls #$CycLAssertion #$CycLIndexedTerm) (#$genls #$CycLAssertion #$CycLPropositionalSentence) (#$genls #$CycLAssertion #$Individual) (#$isa #$CycLAssertion #$AtemporalNecessarilyEssentialCollectionType) (#$isa #$CycLAssertion #$Collection) (#$isa #$CycLAssertion #$CoreConstant) (#$isa #$CycLAssertion #$CycLExpressionType) (#$partitionedInto #$CycLAssertion (#$ThePartition #$CycLRuleAssertion #$CycLGAFAssertion)) (#$requiredArg1Pred #$CycLAssertion #$assertionDirection) (#$requiredArg1Pred #$CycLAssertion #$assertionMt) (#$requiredArg1Pred #$CycLAssertion #$assertionSentence) (#$requiredArg1Pred #$CycLAssertion #$assertionStrength) (#$requiredArg1Pred #$CycLAssertion #$assertionTruth) (#$sharedNotes #$CycLAssertion #$MetaAssertionsForPolyCanonicalizingAssertions) (#$sharedNotes #$CycLAssertion #$NoteAboutArgIsaCycLIndexedTerm) (#$quotedCollection #$CycLAssertion) (#$comment #$CycLAssertionDirection "The collection of possible inference \"directions\" that a #$CycLAssertion can have. A given CycL assertion's direction (see #$assertionDirection) indicates something about how and when the assertion can be used in inferences by the Cyc system. More precisely: #$Backward-AssertionDirection indicates that the assertion can only be used in inferences carried out when a query is asked; #$Forward-AssertionDirection indicates that the assertion can be used in inferences carried out at the time the assertion is added to the Knowledge Base as well as those carried out at ask-time; and #$Code-AssertionDirection indicates that the assertion itself cannot be used in either backward (ask-time) or forward (assert-time) inferences, but is instead implemented in the underlying code of the Cyc system. Each CycL assertion has exactly one of the above three directions; the default direction is Forward for ground atomic assertions (see #$CycLClosedAtomicSentence) and Backward for rule assertions. Note that a CycL sentence is given a direction at the time of its assertion to the system, and this fact _need_not_ be reflected in another, #$assertionDirection assertion's being added to the system (as that would of course lead to an infinite regress).") (#$genls #$CycLAssertionDirection #$AttributeValue) (#$genls #$CycLAssertionDirection #$ComputationalObject) (#$genls #$CycLAssertionDirection #$Individual) (#$isa #$CycLAssertionDirection #$AtemporalNecessarilyEssentialCollectionType) (#$isa #$CycLAssertionDirection #$Collection) (#$isa #$CycLAssertionDirection #$CoreImplementationConstant) (#$isa #$CycLAssertionDirection #$LinguisticObjectType) (#$isa #$CycLAssertionDirection #$SiblingDisjointAttributeType) (#$comment #$CycLAtomicAssertion "A specialization of #$CycLAtomicSentence. An instance ATOM of #$CycLAtomicSentence is also an instance of #$CycLAtomicAssertion just in case ATOM has been explicitly asserted to the Cyc Knowledge Base (see #$CycLAssertedAssertion), or deduced in the Knowledge Base by the Cyc inference engine (see #$CycLDeducedAssertion).") (#$genls #$CycLAtomicAssertion #$CycLAssertion) (#$genls #$CycLAtomicAssertion #$CycLAtomicSentence) (#$genls #$CycLAtomicAssertion #$Individual) (#$isa #$CycLAtomicAssertion #$AtemporalNecessarilyEssentialCollectionType) (#$isa #$CycLAtomicAssertion #$Collection) (#$isa #$CycLAtomicAssertion #$CoreConstant) (#$isa #$CycLAtomicAssertion #$CycLExpressionType) (#$sharedNotes #$CycLAtomicAssertion #$NoteAboutArgIsaCycLIndexedTerm) (#$sharedNotes #$CycLAtomicAssertion #$NoteAboutArgIsaCycLIndexedTerm) (#$quotedCollection #$CycLAtomicAssertion) (#$comment #$CycLAtomicSentence "The collection of syntactically well-formed atomic sentences in the CycL language. Each instance of #$CycLAtomicSentence consists of a CycL constant denoting a #$Predicate followed by one or more (closed or open) CycL terms, with the entire sequence enclosed in parentheses. Thus CycL atomic sentences never contain other sentences as truth-functional components (see #$TruthFunction). Note that \"atomic\" as used here specifically in connection with _sentences_, has a less strict meaning than it does when applied to terms generally, where it means \"not constructible from other terms via CycL syntax\" (see #$CycLAtomicTerm).") (#$genls #$CycLAtomicSentence #$CycLSentence) (#$genls #$CycLAtomicSentence #$Individual) (#$isa #$CycLAtomicSentence #$AtemporalNecessarilyEssentialCollectionType) (#$isa #$CycLAtomicSentence #$Collection) (#$isa #$CycLAtomicSentence #$CoreConstant) (#$isa #$CycLAtomicSentence #$CycLExpressionType) (#$isa #$CycLAtomicSentence #$LinguisticObjectType) (#$quotedCollection #$CycLAtomicSentence) (#$comment #$CycLAtomicTerm "The collection of all atomic #$CycLDenotationalTerms (q.v.). \"Atomic\" here means not constructible from other CycL terms via the syntax of CycL. Thus, subcollections of #$CycLAtomicTerm include #$CycLConstant, #$CycLVariable, and #$SubLAtomicTerm. Note that #$CycLAtomicTerm, like most instances of #$CycLExpressionType, is \"quoted\" (see #$quotedCollection).") (#$genls #$CycLAtomicTerm #$CycLDenotationalTerm) (#$genls #$CycLAtomicTerm #$CycLDenotationalTerm) (#$genls #$CycLAtomicTerm #$CycLExpression) (#$genls #$CycLAtomicTerm #$CycLExpression) (#$genls #$CycLAtomicTerm #$CycLTerm) (#$genls #$CycLAtomicTerm #$CycLTerm) (#$genls #$CycLAtomicTerm #$Thing) (#$isa #$CycLAtomicTerm #$AtemporalNecessarilyEssentialCollectionType) (#$isa #$CycLAtomicTerm #$Collection) (#$isa #$CycLAtomicTerm #$CoreConstant) (#$isa #$CycLAtomicTerm #$CycLExpressionType) (#$partitionedInto #$CycLAtomicTerm (#$ThePartition #$CycLClosedAtomicTerm #$CycLVariable)) (#$partitionedInto #$CycLAtomicTerm (#$ThePartition #$CycLConstant #$CycLVariable #$SubLAtomicTerm)) (#$partitionedInto #$CycLAtomicTerm (#$ThePartition #$CycLRepresentedAtomicTerm #$SubLAtomicTerm)) (#$quotedCollection #$CycLAtomicTerm) (#$comment #$CycLClosedAtomicSentence "The collection of syntactically well-formed atomic sentences in the CycL language that contain no free variables. Each instance of #$CycLClosedAtomicSentence consists of a CycL expression denoting a #$Predicate followed by one or more (closed) CycL terms, with the entire sequence enclosed in parentheses. Such sentences are sometimes called \"GAFs\" (an acronym for \"ground atomic formulas\").") (#$genls #$CycLClosedAtomicSentence #$CycLAtomicSentence) (#$genls #$CycLClosedAtomicSentence #$CycLClosedSentence) (#$genls #$CycLClosedAtomicSentence #$Individual) (#$isa #$CycLClosedAtomicSentence #$AtemporalNecessarilyEssentialCollectionType) (#$isa #$CycLClosedAtomicSentence #$Collection) (#$isa #$CycLClosedAtomicSentence #$CoreConstant) (#$isa #$CycLClosedAtomicSentence #$CycLExpressionType) (#$quotedCollection #$CycLClosedAtomicSentence) (#$comment #$CycLClosedAtomicTerm "The collection of all closed #$CycLAtomicTerms. \"Closed\" here means not containing any free (i.e. unbound) variables. Since a variable itself is the only type of _atomic_ term that contains a variable (and contains it _free_, moreover, as a single occurrence of a variable can't bind itself), #$CycLClosedAtomicTerm has as instances all #$CycLAtomicTerms except #$CycLVariables. Like all CycL atomic terms, Cycl closed atomic terms are \"denotational\" (see #$CycLDenotationalTerm). Note that this collection, like most instances of #$CycLExpressionType, is \"quoted\" (see #$quotedCollection).") (#$genls #$CycLClosedAtomicTerm #$CycLAtomicTerm) (#$genls #$CycLClosedAtomicTerm #$CycLAtomicTerm) (#$genls #$CycLClosedAtomicTerm #$CycLClosedDenotationalTerm) (#$genls #$CycLClosedAtomicTerm #$CycLClosedDenotationalTerm) (#$genls #$CycLClosedAtomicTerm #$Thing) (#$isa #$CycLClosedAtomicTerm #$AtemporalNecessarilyEssentialCollectionType) (#$isa #$CycLClosedAtomicTerm #$Collection) (#$isa #$CycLClosedAtomicTerm #$CoreConstant) (#$isa #$CycLClosedAtomicTerm #$CycLExpressionType) (#$partitionedInto #$CycLClosedAtomicTerm (#$ThePartition #$CycLConstant #$SubLAtomicTerm)) (#$quotedCollection #$CycLClosedAtomicTerm) (#$comment #$CycLClosedDenotationalTerm "The collection of all closed denotational terms in the CycL language. An expression is said to be \"closed\" if it contains no free variables (see #$CycLClosedExpression). A CycL term is said to be \"denotational\" if it is the right sort of term to have a denotation (or value) in the universe of discourse (see #$CycLDenotationalTerm). CycL sentences, while terms of CycL, are not considered denotational terms. Each instance of #$CycLClosedDenotationalTerm is either a #$CycLClosedAtomicTerm (i.e. a #$CycLConstant or #$SubLAtomicTerm) or a #$CycLClosedNonAtomicTerm (i.e. a \"NAT\" with no free variables). Examples of closed denotational terms include `#$Muffet', `(#$JuvenileFn #$Dog)', `(#$TheSetOf ?X (#$objectHasColor ?X GreenColor))', and `212'. Note that these are also examples: `(#$BorderBetweenFn #$Canada #$Mexico)' (despite the fact that it fails actually to denote anything) and `(#$JuvenileFn #$isa #$genls #$JuvenileFn)' (despite the fact that it is not semantically well-formed).") (#$genls #$CycLClosedDenotationalTerm #$CycLClosedExpression) (#$genls #$CycLClosedDenotationalTerm #$CycLClosedExpression) (#$genls #$CycLClosedDenotationalTerm #$CycLDenotationalTerm) (#$genls #$CycLClosedDenotationalTerm #$CycLDenotationalTerm) (#$genls #$CycLClosedDenotationalTerm #$Thing) (#$isa #$CycLClosedDenotationalTerm #$AtemporalNecessarilyEssentialCollectionType) (#$isa #$CycLClosedDenotationalTerm #$Collection) (#$isa #$CycLClosedDenotationalTerm #$CoreConstant) (#$isa #$CycLClosedDenotationalTerm #$CycLExpressionType) (#$partitionedInto #$CycLClosedDenotationalTerm (#$ThePartition #$CycLClosedAtomicTerm #$CycLClosedNonAtomicTerm)) (#$quotedCollection #$CycLClosedDenotationalTerm) (#$comment #$CycLClosedExpression "The collection of #$CycLExpressions that contain no free variables. (A variable VAR occurs _free_ in an expression EXPR if and only if there is an occurrence of VAR in EXPR that is not bound by a quantifier in EXPR.) Note that those CycL sentences that are treated (in the context of representing assertions in the Cyc Knowledge Base) as implicitly containing universal quantifiers are _not_ closed expressions (see #$CycLClosedSentence). Also cf. #$CycLOpenExpression.") (#$genls #$CycLClosedExpression #$CycLExpression) (#$genls #$CycLClosedExpression #$CycLExpression) (#$genls #$CycLClosedExpression #$CycLTerm) (#$genls #$CycLClosedExpression #$CycLTerm) (#$genls #$CycLClosedExpression #$Thing) (#$isa #$CycLClosedExpression #$AtemporalNecessarilyEssentialCollectionType) (#$isa #$CycLClosedExpression #$Collection) (#$isa #$CycLClosedExpression #$CoreConstant) (#$isa #$CycLClosedExpression #$CycLExpressionType) (#$partitionedInto #$CycLClosedExpression (#$ThePartition #$CycLClosedSentence #$CycLClosedDenotationalTerm)) (#$quotedCollection #$CycLClosedExpression) (#$comment #$CycLClosedFormula "The collection of #$CycLFormulas that contain no free variables.") (#$genls #$CycLClosedFormula #$CycLClosedExpression) (#$genls #$CycLClosedFormula #$CycLFormula) (#$genls #$CycLClosedFormula #$CycLFormula) (#$genls #$CycLClosedFormula #$Thing) (#$isa #$CycLClosedFormula #$AtemporalNecessarilyEssentialCollectionType) (#$isa #$CycLClosedFormula #$Collection) (#$isa #$CycLClosedFormula #$CoreConstant) (#$isa #$CycLClosedFormula #$CycLExpressionType) (#$quotedCollection #$CycLClosedFormula) (#$comment #$CycLClosedNonAtomicTerm "The collection of closed, non-atomic denotational terms of the CycL language. Each instance of #$CycLClosedNonAtomicTerm is a CycL term that contains no free variables, is constructible from other CycL terms via the syntax of CycL, and can have a denotatum (this last requirement excludes closed CycL sentences from #$CycLClosedNonAtomicTerm). Examples: `(#$JuvenileFn #$Platypus)', `(#$JuvenileFn #$isa #$genls)', and `(#$TheSetOf ?X (#$objectHasColor ?X #$GreenColor))'. Non-example: `(#$JuvenileFn ?X)'.") (#$genls #$CycLClosedNonAtomicTerm #$CycLClosedDenotationalTerm) (#$genls #$CycLClosedNonAtomicTerm #$CycLClosedDenotationalTerm) (#$genls #$CycLClosedNonAtomicTerm #$CycLNonAtomicTerm) (#$genls #$CycLClosedNonAtomicTerm #$CycLNonAtomicTerm) (#$genls #$CycLClosedNonAtomicTerm #$CycLNonAtomicTerm-ClosedFunctor) (#$genls #$CycLClosedNonAtomicTerm #$Thing) (#$isa #$CycLClosedNonAtomicTerm #$AtemporalNecessarilyEssentialCollectionType) (#$isa #$CycLClosedNonAtomicTerm #$Collection) (#$isa #$CycLClosedNonAtomicTerm #$CoreConstant) (#$isa #$CycLClosedNonAtomicTerm #$CycLExpressionType) (#$quotedCollection #$CycLClosedNonAtomicTerm) (#$comment #$CycLClosedSentence "The collection of #$CycLSentences that contain no free variables. Note that those CycL sentences that are treated (in the context of representing assertions in the Cyc Knowledge Base) as implicitly containing universal quantifiers are _not_ closed sentences (cf. #$CycLOpenSentence).") (#$disjointWith #$CycLClosedSentence #$CycLNonAtomicTerm) (#$genls #$CycLClosedSentence #$CycLClosedExpression) (#$genls #$CycLClosedSentence #$CycLClosedExpression) (#$genls #$CycLClosedSentence #$CycLClosedFormula) (#$genls #$CycLClosedSentence #$CycLSentence) (#$genls #$CycLClosedSentence #$CycLSentence) (#$genls #$CycLClosedSentence #$CycLSentence-ClosedPredicate) (#$genls #$CycLClosedSentence #$Individual) (#$isa #$CycLClosedSentence #$AtemporalNecessarilyEssentialCollectionType) (#$isa #$CycLClosedSentence #$Collection) (#$isa #$CycLClosedSentence #$CoreConstant) (#$isa #$CycLClosedSentence #$CycLExpressionType) (#$quotedCollection #$CycLClosedSentence) (#$comment #$CycLConstant "The collection of all constants in the CycL language. #$CycLConstant has as instances all #$CycLAtomicTerms other than #$CycLVariables and #$SubLAtomicTerms (qq.v.). Orthographically, CycL constants are those atomic terms (i.e. terms not constructable from other terms via CycL syntax) that are prefixed by `#$' in their printed (as opposed to their HTML-displayed) representations. For example, `#$Dog' and `#$isa' are CycL constants, while other CycL terms like `?X', `42', and `(#$GovernmentFn #$France)' are not.") (#$disjointWith #$CycLConstant #$HLNonAtomicReifiedTerm) (#$genls #$CycLConstant #$CycLAtomicTerm) (#$genls #$CycLConstant #$CycLAtomicTerm) (#$genls #$CycLConstant #$CycLClosedAtomicTerm) (#$genls #$CycLConstant #$CycLClosedAtomicTerm) (#$genls #$CycLConstant #$CycLIndexedTerm) (#$genls #$CycLConstant #$CycLReifiableDenotationalTerm) (#$genls #$CycLConstant #$CycLReifiableDenotationalTerm) (#$genls #$CycLConstant #$CycLRepresentedAtomicTerm) (#$genls #$CycLConstant #$CycLRepresentedAtomicTerm) (#$genls #$CycLConstant #$ELExpression) (#$genls #$CycLConstant #$HLExpression) (#$genls #$CycLConstant #$HLIndexedTerm) (#$genls #$CycLConstant #$HLReifiedDenotationalTerm) (#$genls #$CycLConstant #$Thing) (#$isa #$CycLConstant #$AtemporalNecessarilyEssentialCollectionType) (#$isa #$CycLConstant #$Collection) (#$isa #$CycLConstant #$CoreConstant) (#$isa #$CycLConstant #$CycLExpressionType) (#$sharedNotes #$CycLConstant #$NoteAboutArgIsaCycLIndexedTerm) (#$sharedNotes #$CycLConstant #$NoteAboutArgIsaCycLIndexedTerm) (#$quotedCollection #$CycLConstant) (#$comment #$CycLDeducedAssertion "The subcollection of semantically well-formed #$CycLAssertions that are supported by at least one argument which is a deduction by Cyc's inference engine, as opposed to having been explicitly asserted to Cyc. A given assertion can have more than one argument, and can therefore be both a #$CycLAssertedAssertion and a #$CycLDeducedAssertion.") (#$genls #$CycLDeducedAssertion #$CycLAssertion) (#$genls #$CycLDeducedAssertion #$Individual) (#$isa #$CycLDeducedAssertion #$AtemporalNecessarilyEssentialCollectionType) (#$isa #$CycLDeducedAssertion #$Collection) (#$isa #$CycLDeducedAssertion #$CoreConstant) (#$isa #$CycLDeducedAssertion #$CycLExpressionType) (#$sharedNotes #$CycLDeducedAssertion #$NoteAboutArgIsaCycLIndexedTerm) (#$sharedNotes #$CycLDeducedAssertion #$NoteAboutArgIsaCycLIndexedTerm) (#$quotedCollection #$CycLDeducedAssertion) (#$comment #$CycLDenotationalTerm "The collection of all CycL terms that are not sentences (cf. #$CycLSentence), and thus are either #$CycLAtomicTerms (such as constants or variables) or #$CycLNonAtomicTerms (also known as \"NAT\"s). #$CycLDenotationalTerms are so-called, not because they all have denotations (not all of them do), but because they are in a certain sense the right kind of term for having a denotation. That is, an instance of #$CycLDenotationalTerm -- if it is semantically well-formed and closed (i.e. contains no free variables) -- might denote something in the universe of discourse. (Even so, it will not _necessarily_ denote something, considering (e.g.) the fact that a function need not be defined for every (sequence of) thing(s) satisfying its argument type constraints; see #$PartialDenotationalFunction.) But note that neither semantic well-formedness nor being closed is a requirement for being a CycL denotational term: `(#$JuvenileFn #$isa ?X #$genls #$JuvenileFn)', for example, is a NAT and thus a denotational term. Other examples of denotational terms are the expressions: `#$Muffet', `?X', `(#$JuvenileFn ?X)', `(#$TheSetOf ?X (#$objectHasColor ?X #$GreenColor))', and `212'. Note also that, like most instances of #$CycLExpressionType, #$CycLDenotationalTerm is a #$quotedCollection (q.v.).") (#$genls #$CycLDenotationalTerm #$CycLExpression) (#$genls #$CycLDenotationalTerm #$CycLExpression) (#$genls #$CycLDenotationalTerm #$CycLTerm) (#$genls #$CycLDenotationalTerm #$CycLTerm) (#$genls #$CycLDenotationalTerm #$Thing) (#$isa #$CycLDenotationalTerm #$AtemporalNecessarilyEssentialCollectionType) (#$isa #$CycLDenotationalTerm #$Collection) (#$isa #$CycLDenotationalTerm #$CoreConstant) (#$isa #$CycLDenotationalTerm #$CycLExpressionType) (#$partitionedInto #$CycLDenotationalTerm (#$ThePartition #$CycLAtomicTerm #$CycLNonAtomicTerm)) (#$partitionedInto #$CycLDenotationalTerm (#$ThePartition #$CycLClosedDenotationalTerm #$CycLOpenDenotationalTerm)) (#$partitionedInto #$CycLDenotationalTerm (#$ThePartition #$CycLRepresentedTerm #$SubLAtomicTerm)) (#$quotedCollection #$CycLDenotationalTerm) (#$arg1Isa #$cycleInSystem #$Path-Cyclic) (#$arg1Isa #$cycleInSystem #$Path-Cyclic) (#$arg2Isa #$cycleInSystem #$PathSystem) (#$arg2Isa #$cycleInSystem #$PathSystem) (#$argIsa #$cycleInSystem 1 #$Path-Cyclic) (#$argIsa #$cycleInSystem 1 #$Path-Cyclic) (#$argIsa #$cycleInSystem 1 #$Path-Cyclic) (#$argIsa #$cycleInSystem 2 #$PathSystem) (#$argIsa #$cycleInSystem 2 #$PathSystem) (#$argIsa #$cycleInSystem 2 #$PathSystem) (#$arity #$cycleInSystem 2) (#$comment #$cycleInSystem "(#$cycleInSystem CYCLE SYS) means that CYCLE is a cycle in the path system SYS. A cycle in SYS is either a loop in SYS or the concatenation of two different paths PATH1 and PATH2 in SYS satisfying the following conditions: (i) there are two points X and Y in SYS such that (#$pathBetweenInSystem PATH1 X Y SYS) and (#$pathBetweenInSystem PATH2 X Y SYS), and (ii) no point in SYS other than X and Y is on both PATH1 and PATH2.") (#$isa #$cycleInSystem #$AsymmetricBinaryPredicate) (#$isa #$cycleInSystem #$PathSystemCycLConstant) (#$negationInverse #$cycleInSystem #$cycleInSystem) (#$negationInverse #$cycleInSystem #$cycleInSystem) (#$negationPreds #$cycleInSystem #$finitaryJunctionInSystem) (#$negationPreds #$cycleInSystem #$linkInSystem) (#$negationPreds #$cycleInSystem #$pointInSystem) (#$comment #$CycLExpression "The collection of all syntactically well-formed expressions in the CycL language. This includes constants, variables, non-atomic terms, formulas, sentences, etc. Since the CycL syntax allows any CycL expression to be used as a term, #$CycLExpression is actually coextensional with #$CycLTerm (q.v.). Note that #$CycLExpression, like most #$CycLExpressionTypes, is a #$quotedCollection (q.v.).") (#$genls #$CycLExpression #$CycLTerm) (#$genls #$CycLExpression #$CycLTerm) (#$genls #$CycLExpression #$SubLExpression) (#$genls #$CycLExpression #$Thing) (#$genls #$CycLExpression #$Thing) (#$isa #$CycLExpression #$AtemporalNecessarilyEssentialCollectionType) (#$isa #$CycLExpression #$Collection) (#$isa #$CycLExpression #$CycLExpressionType) (#$isa #$CycLExpression #$LogicalTruthConstant) (#$partitionedInto #$CycLExpression (#$ThePartition #$CycLAtomicTerm #$CycLFormula)) (#$partitionedInto #$CycLExpression (#$ThePartition #$CycLOpenExpression #$CycLClosedExpression)) (#$partitionedInto #$CycLExpression (#$ThePartition #$CycLSentence #$CycLDenotationalTerm)) (#$quotedCollection #$CycLExpression) (#$comment #$CycLExpression-Askable "The collection of #$CycLExpressions that are either themselves askable as queries to the Cyc system (see #$CycLSentence-Askable) or could appear as non-atomic terms within sentences that could be so asked (see #$CycLNonAtomicTerm-Askable). More precisely, each instance of #$CycLExpression-Askable is a CycL expression that is constructible via the syntax of CycL without violating any applicable arity constraints (see #$arity). Note that askable CycL expressions do not necesarily obey other semantic constraints beyond arity, such as argument-type constraints (see #$ArgTypePredicate); thus they are not always semantically well-formed in the fullest sense (cf. #$CycLExpression-Assertible).") (#$genls #$CycLExpression-Askable #$CycLExpression) (#$genls #$CycLExpression-Askable #$Thing) (#$isa #$CycLExpression-Askable #$AtemporalNecessarilyEssentialCollectionType) (#$isa #$CycLExpression-Askable #$Collection) (#$isa #$CycLExpression-Askable #$CoreConstant) (#$isa #$CycLExpression-Askable #$CycLExpressionType) (#$quotedCollection #$CycLExpression-Askable) (#$comment #$CycLExpression-Assertible "A #$CycLExpressionType. The collection of all compound CycL expressions that either could themselves be asserted to the Cyc Knowledge Base (see #$CycLSentence-Assertible) or could appear as non-atomic terms within sentences that could be so asserted (see #$CycLNonAtomicTerm-Assertible). More precisely, each instance of #$CycLExpression-Assertible is a CycL expression that is both syntactically and semantically well-formed. By definition, any compound CycL expression is syntactically well-formed. To be semantically well-formed, a CycL expression must be constructible via the syntax of CycL without violating any applicable arity or argument-type constraints (see #$arity and #$ArgTypePredicate). A CycL formula must be semantically well-formed in order to be interpretable as having a \"semantic value\", such as a truth-value (if the formula is a sentence) or a denotation (if it's a #$CycLDenotationalTerm). Note that being \"assertible\" in the present sense does not require an expression's actually being asserted in (or being a component of something asserted in) the KB.") (#$genls #$CycLExpression-Assertible #$CycLExpression-Askable) (#$genls #$CycLExpression-Assertible #$Thing) (#$isa #$CycLExpression-Assertible #$AtemporalNecessarilyEssentialCollectionType) (#$isa #$CycLExpression-Assertible #$Collection) (#$isa #$CycLExpression-Assertible #$CoreConstant) (#$isa #$CycLExpression-Assertible #$CycLExpressionType) (#$quotedCollection #$CycLExpression-Assertible) (#$comment #$CycLExpressionType "A collection of collections. Each instance of #$CycLExpressionType is a type (i.e. a subcollection) of #$CycLExpression. Note that, while #$CycLExpressionType is not itself a #$quotedCollection (q.v.), most of its reified instances are quoted-collections.") (#$genls #$CycLExpressionType #$ObjectType) (#$isa #$CycLExpressionType #$AtemporalNecessarilyEssentialCollectionType) (#$isa #$CycLExpressionType #$CollectionType) (#$isa #$CycLExpressionType #$CollectionType) (#$isa #$CycLExpressionType #$SecondOrderCollection) (#$typeGenls #$CycLExpressionType #$CycLExpression) (#$comment #$CycLFormula "The collection of well-formed non-atomic CycL expressions. Each instance of #$CycLFormula consists of a CycL expression that denotes a relation (e.g. a #$Predicate, #$Function-Denotational, or #$TruthFunction) -- or at least an expression that could be interpreted as having a relation as its semantic value (see #$CycLGenericRelationFormula) -- followed by one or more CycL terms (see #$CycLTerm), with the entire sequence enclosed in parentheses. For example, (#$isa #$Muffet #$Poodle) and (#$BirthFn #$Muffet) are both CycL formulas. Two important specializations of #$CycLFormula are #$CycLNonAtomicTerm (whose instances are also called \"denotational formulas\") and #$CycLSentences (whose instances are also called \"logical formulas\"). (Note that this notion of \"formula\" differs somewhat from that used in formal logic, where a formula is normally defined as an (atomic or non-atomic, quantificationally closed or open) sentence.)") (#$genls #$CycLFormula #$CycLExpression) (#$genls #$CycLFormula #$CycLExpression) (#$genls #$CycLFormula #$CycLTerm) (#$genls #$CycLFormula #$CycLTerm) (#$genls #$CycLFormula #$Thing) (#$isa #$CycLFormula #$AtemporalNecessarilyEssentialCollectionType) (#$isa #$CycLFormula #$Collection) (#$isa #$CycLFormula #$CoreConstant) (#$isa #$CycLFormula #$CycLExpressionType) (#$isa #$CycLFormula #$LinguisticObjectType) (#$partitionedInto #$CycLFormula (#$ThePartition #$CycLOpenFormula #$CycLClosedFormula)) (#$partitionedInto #$CycLFormula (#$ThePartition #$CycLSentence #$CycLGenericRelationFormula #$CycLNonAtomicTerm)) (#$quotedCollection #$CycLFormula) (#$comment #$CycLGAFAssertion "The collection of #$CycLAtomicAssertions that contain no free variables. The acronym `GAF' stands for \"ground atomic formula\". An \"atomic\" formula (or, more specifically, an atomic CycL sentence) consists of an expression denoting a #$Predicate followed by one or more CycL terms, with the entire sequence enclosed in parentheses. \"Ground\" means \"no variables\". GAF assertions are at least _closed_ at the EL (i.e. they contain no free EL variables) and are genuinely ground at the HL (i.e. their HL representations contain no HL variables at all). For example, the atomic EL sentence (#$isa (#$TheSetOf ?X (#$objectHasColor ?X #$GreenColor)) #$Thing) is closed (though not ground). Thus, if used to make an assertion in Cyc, this sentence would be a GAF assertion, and the HL sentence representing it in the Knowledge Base would be a ground atomic sentence. GAF assertions typically express particular facts (as opposed to general rules) about the world.") (#$genls #$CycLGAFAssertion #$CycLAssertion) (#$genls #$CycLGAFAssertion #$CycLAssertion) (#$genls #$CycLGAFAssertion #$CycLAtomicAssertion) (#$genls #$CycLGAFAssertion #$CycLClosedAtomicSentence) (#$genls #$CycLGAFAssertion #$Individual) (#$isa #$CycLGAFAssertion #$AtemporalNecessarilyEssentialCollectionType) (#$isa #$CycLGAFAssertion #$Collection) (#$isa #$CycLGAFAssertion #$CoreConstant) (#$isa #$CycLGAFAssertion #$CycLExpressionType) (#$sharedNotes #$CycLGAFAssertion #$NoteAboutArgIsaCycLIndexedTerm) (#$sharedNotes #$CycLGAFAssertion #$NoteAboutArgIsaCycLIndexedTerm) (#$quotedCollection #$CycLGAFAssertion) (#$comment #$CycLGenericRelationFormula "A subcollection of #$CycLFormula (q.v.). Each instance of that #$CycLGenericRelationFormula is a CycL formula that begins (immediately after the opening parenthesis) with a variable or other open expression (see #$CycLOpenExpression); i.e. it has an open expression in its \"0th\" or \"arg0\" position. A CycL generic relation formula thus consists of an open expression followed by some number of terms, with the entire sequence enclosed in parentheses. But note that the open expression in the formula's arg0 position must be such that, given the syntax and intended semantics of CycL, it could conceivably have a #$Relation -- i.e. a #$Function-Denotational or a #$TruthFunction (such as a #$Predicate or #$LogicalConnective) -- as its semantic value. Hence the arg0 open expression might be a variable, as in the generic relation formula `(?RELATION #$Muffet #$Dog)'; or it might be an appropriate open non-atomic term (or \"NAT\"; see #$CycLNonAtomicTerm), as in `((#$Kappa (?ARG1) (#$knows ?ARG1 ?ARG2)) #$Muffet)'; or it might itself be a generic relation formula, as in `((?REL ?ARG1 #$Dog) #$Muffet)'. On the other hand, `((#$BorderBetweenFn ?ARG1 ?ARG2) #$Muffet #$Dog)' is not a #$CycLGenericRelationFormula, since #$BorderBetweenFn only returns instances of #$Border, which is disjoint with #$Relation; thus the open NAT `(#$BorderBetweenFn ?ARG1 ?ARG2)' couldn't possibly have a #$Relation as its semantic value, no matter what values were assigned to the variables `?ARG1' and `?ARG2'.") (#$genls #$CycLGenericRelationFormula #$CycLFormula) (#$genls #$CycLGenericRelationFormula #$CycLFormula) (#$genls #$CycLGenericRelationFormula #$ELFormula) (#$genls #$CycLGenericRelationFormula #$Thing) (#$isa #$CycLGenericRelationFormula #$AtemporalNecessarilyEssentialCollectionType) (#$isa #$CycLGenericRelationFormula #$Collection) (#$isa #$CycLGenericRelationFormula #$CoreConstant) (#$isa #$CycLGenericRelationFormula #$CycLExpressionType) (#$quotedCollection #$CycLGenericRelationFormula) (#$comment #$CyclicalIntervalGroupType "(#$isa X #$CyclicalIntervalGroupType) means that X is a collection of interval types whose instances recur in a set pattern throughout all of calendar history. X must partition all of time: the elements of X must be mutually disjoint, and unioned altogether they must encompass all time. For example, X could be the set of the seven calendar days (Monday through Sunday), or the set of the twelve calendar months (January through December). I.e., (#$isa #$DayOfWeekType #$CyclicalIntervalGroupType) and (#$isa #$MonthOfYearType #$CyclicalIntervalGroupType). `Recurring in a set pattern' generally means that one can put the elements of X in order, say X1, X2,..., Xn, and there will be an instance of X1 immediately followed by an instance of X2 (that instance x2a of X2 will be #$contiguousAfter that instance x1a of X1), and there will be an instance of X3 immediately following that particular instance of X2, and there will be an instance of X4 immediately following that instance of X3, etc. One final note: when we arrange elements of X into such a pattern X1,...Xn (whose repetitions then `tile' all time), n may be larger than the cardinality of X. E.g., X might be the set with just the 2 elements WeekendDay (the union of the set #$Saturday and the set #$Sunday) and WeekDay, and then the arrangement that tiles all time is 5 contiguous WeekDays followed by 2 contiguous WeekendDays.") (#$genls #$CyclicalIntervalGroupType #$MutuallyDisjointIntervalCollectionType) (#$genls #$CyclicalIntervalGroupType #$SecondOrderCollection) (#$isa #$CyclicalIntervalGroupType #$CollectionType) (#$isa #$CyclicalIntervalGroupType #$CollectionType) (#$isa #$CyclicalIntervalGroupType #$CollectionTypeType) (#$isa #$CyclicalIntervalGroupType #$ThirdOrderCollection) (#$comment #$CycLIndexedTerm "The collection of indexed or indexable terms in the CycL language. This includes reified HL terms as well as reifiable EL NATs and assertions.") (#$genls #$CycLIndexedTerm #$CycLClosedExpression) (#$genls #$CycLIndexedTerm #$Thing) (#$isa #$CycLIndexedTerm #$AtemporalNecessarilyEssentialCollectionType) (#$isa #$CycLIndexedTerm #$Collection) (#$isa #$CycLIndexedTerm #$CoreImplementationConstant) (#$isa #$CycLIndexedTerm #$CycLExpressionType) (#$partitionedInto #$CycLIndexedTerm (#$ThePartition #$CycLAssertion #$CycLReifiableDenotationalTerm)) (#$partitionedInto #$CycLIndexedTerm (#$ThePartition #$CycLAssertion #$CycLReifiableNonAtomicTerm #$CycLConstant)) (#$partitionedInto #$CycLIndexedTerm (#$ThePartition #$CycLAssertion #$HLReifiedDenotationalTerm)) (#$sharedNotes #$CycLIndexedTerm #$NoteAboutArgIsaCycLIndexedTerm) (#$quotedCollection #$CycLIndexedTerm) (#$comment #$CyclishMt "#$CyclishMt is a microtheory contains information about words and usages that are typically limited to #$Cyclists in their discourse about the #$Cyc system and parts of its knowledge base. If there is a bit of #$Cycorp specific lingo about a particular aspect of the Cyc system then it should probably be documented in the #$CyclishMt. A related term is #$ComputereseLexicalMt a computer specific lexical information in use beyond #$Cycorp.") (#$genlMt #$CyclishMt #$BaseKB) (#$genlMt #$CyclishMt #$EnglishMt) (#$genlMt #$CyclishMt #$GeneralLexiconMt) (#$isa #$CyclishMt #$DocumentationConstant) (#$isa #$CyclishMt #$EnglishLexicalMicrotheory) (#$isa #$CyclishMt #$Microtheory) (#$comment #$CyclishParaphraseMt "This is the context used for generating Cyclish paraphrases for CycL expressions. It is all right for paraphrase assertions in this context to result in paraphrases with explicit references to CycL terms.") (#$genlMt #$CyclishParaphraseMt #$BaseKB) (#$genlMt #$CyclishParaphraseMt #$CyclishMt) (#$genlMt #$CyclishParaphraseMt #$EnglishParaphraseMt) (#$genlMt #$CyclishParaphraseMt #$GeneralLexiconMt) (#$genlMt #$CyclishParaphraseMt #$ParaphraseMt) (#$isa #$CyclishParaphraseMt #$Language-SpecificMicrotheory) (#$isa #$CyclishParaphraseMt #$LexicalMicrotheory) (#$isa #$CyclishParaphraseMt #$TheoryMicrotheory) (#$comment #$Cyclist "A specialization of #$IndividualAgent. Each instance of #$Cyclist is an agent (usually a person) entitled to inspect and modify the Cyc knowledge base.") (#$disjointWith #$Cyclist #$NonPersonAnimal) (#$genls #$Cyclist #$ComputerUser) (#$genls #$Cyclist #$Individual) (#$genls #$Cyclist #$IndividualAgent) (#$isa #$Cyclist #$Collection) (#$isa #$Cyclist #$CoreConstant) (#$isa #$Cyclist #$ExistingObjectType) (#$comment #$CyclistDefinitionalMt "The microtheory in which instances of #$Cyclist are defined. Assertions about them belong in #$CyclistsMt.") (#$genlMt #$CyclistDefinitionalMt #$BaseKB) (#$genlMt #$CyclistDefinitionalMt #$NameStringDefinitionMt) (#$isa #$CyclistDefinitionalMt #$CoreImplementationConstant) (#$isa #$CyclistDefinitionalMt #$DataMicrotheory) (#$isa #$CyclistDefinitionalMt #$VocabularyMicrotheory) (#$arg1Format #$cyclistNotes #$SetTheFormat) (#$arg1Isa #$cyclistNotes #$CycLIndexedTerm) (#$arg2Format #$cyclistNotes #$SetTheFormat) (#$arg2Isa #$cyclistNotes #$SubLString) (#$argFormat #$cyclistNotes 1 #$SetTheFormat) (#$argFormat #$cyclistNotes 2 #$SetTheFormat) (#$argIsa #$cyclistNotes 1 #$CycLIndexedTerm) (#$argIsa #$cyclistNotes 1 #$CycLIndexedTerm) (#$argIsa #$cyclistNotes 2 #$SubLString) (#$argIsa #$cyclistNotes 2 #$SubLString) (#$arity #$cyclistNotes 2) (#$comment #$cyclistNotes "A #$DocumentationPredicate (q.v.) that is used to relate a #$CycLIndexedTerm (usually a #$CycLConstant) to a #$SubLString containing information regarding the term that is potentially useful to #$HumanCyclists, but is of a more technical or speculative nature than would be suitable for a standard comment (see #$comment). For example, a cyclist-note might contain practical advice for ontological engineers and knowledge enterers about the use of a term, express a particular cyclist's concerns about the term, or mention that the term presently lacks code support.") (#$comment #$cyclistNotes "The structure of human insulin is at http://biotech.icmb.utexas.edu/images/dict/insulin.gif while other mammals may produce different chemical species.") (#$isa #$cyclistNotes #$BinaryPredicate) (#$isa #$cyclistNotes #$CoreConstant) (#$isa #$cyclistNotes #$DefinitionalPredicate) (#$isa #$cyclistNotes #$DistributingMetaKnowledgePredicate) (#$isa #$cyclistNotes #$DocumentationPredicate) (#$arg1Isa #$cyclistPrimaryProject #$HumanCyclist) (#$arg1Isa #$cyclistPrimaryProject #$HumanCyclist) (#$arg2Format #$cyclistPrimaryProject #$SingleEntry) (#$arg2Isa #$cyclistPrimaryProject #$Cyc-BasedProject) (#$arg2Isa #$cyclistPrimaryProject #$Cyc-BasedProject) (#$argFormat #$cyclistPrimaryProject 2 #$SingleEntry) (#$argIsa #$cyclistPrimaryProject 2 #$Cyc-BasedProject) (#$argIsa #$cyclistPrimaryProject 2 #$Cyc-BasedProject) (#$argIsa #$cyclistPrimaryProject 2 #$Cyc-BasedProject) (#$argIsa #$cyclistPrimaryProject 1 #$HumanCyclist) (#$argIsa #$cyclistPrimaryProject 1 #$HumanCyclist) (#$argIsa #$cyclistPrimaryProject 1 #$HumanCyclist) (#$arity #$cyclistPrimaryProject 2) (#$arity #$cyclistPrimaryProject 2) (#$comment #$cyclistPrimaryProject "(#$cyclistPrimaryProject CYCLIST PROJECT) relates a human CYCLIST to the Cyc-based PROJECT on which they are primarily working.") (#$functionalInArgs #$cyclistPrimaryProject 2) (#$genlInverse #$cyclistPrimaryProject #$socialParticipants) (#$isa #$cyclistPrimaryProject #$StrictlyFunctionalSlot) (#$strictlyFunctionalInArgs #$cyclistPrimaryProject 2) (#$comment #$CyclistsMt "A #$Microtheory for stating basic information about users of #$Cyc.") (#$genlMt #$CyclistsMt #$AmericanProfessionalSportsMt) (#$genlMt #$CyclistsMt #$BaseKB) (#$genlMt #$CyclistsMt #$ComputerSoftwareDataMt) (#$genlMt #$CyclistsMt #$CyclistDefinitionalMt) (#$genlMt #$CyclistsMt #$IntermediateVocabularyMt) (#$genlMt #$CyclistsMt #$InternationalOrganizationDataMt) (#$genlMt #$CyclistsMt #$ManufacturingMt) (#$genlMt #$CyclistsMt #$ModernMilitaryVehiclesMt) (#$genlMt #$CyclistsMt #$ModernWesternMedicineMt) (#$genlMt #$CyclistsMt #$NaiveBiologicalDescentMt) (#$genlMt #$CyclistsMt #$NameStringDefinitionMt) (#$genlMt #$CyclistsMt #$SimpleAstronomyMt) (#$genlMt #$CyclistsMt #$UnitedStatesSocialLifeMt) (#$genlMt #$CyclistsMt #$WesternBusinessPracticesMt) (#$isa #$CyclistsMt #$DataMicrotheory) (#$comment #$CycLNonAtomicReifiedTerm "The subcollection of #$CycLReifiableNonAtomicTerms that are reified in the KB. Example: (#$JuvenileFn #$Dog). Counterexample: (#$JuvenileFn #$Platypus), because that term is not currently reified in the KB. These are often called NARTs, which stands for 'non-atomic reified term'.") (#$genls #$CycLNonAtomicReifiedTerm #$CycKBDatastructure) (#$genls #$CycLNonAtomicReifiedTerm #$CycLClosedNonAtomicTerm) (#$genls #$CycLNonAtomicReifiedTerm #$CycLReifiableNonAtomicTerm) (#$genls #$CycLNonAtomicReifiedTerm #$CycLReifiedDenotationalTerm) (#$genls #$CycLNonAtomicReifiedTerm #$CycLReifiedDenotationalTerm) (#$genls #$CycLNonAtomicReifiedTerm #$Thing) (#$isa #$CycLNonAtomicReifiedTerm #$AtemporalNecessarilyEssentialCollectionType) (#$isa #$CycLNonAtomicReifiedTerm #$Collection) (#$isa #$CycLNonAtomicReifiedTerm #$CoreConstant) (#$isa #$CycLNonAtomicReifiedTerm #$CycLExpressionType) (#$sharedNotes #$CycLNonAtomicReifiedTerm #$NoteAboutArgIsaCycLIndexedTerm) (#$sharedNotes #$CycLNonAtomicReifiedTerm #$NoteAboutArgIsaCycLIndexedTerm) (#$quotedCollection #$CycLNonAtomicReifiedTerm) (#$comment #$CycLNonAtomicTerm "The collection of non-atomic denotational terms in the CycL language. A CycL term is _non-atomic_ if it constructible from other CycL terms via the syntax of CycL. A CycL term is said to be \"denotational\" if it is the type of term that can have a denotatum (or assigned value; see #$CycLDenotationalTerm). #$CycLNonAtomicTerm thus includes all CycL denotational terms except constants and variables. A CycL non-atomic term (or \"NAT\") consists of a CycL expression denoting a #$Function-Denotational followed by one or more CycL terms, with the entire sequence enclosed in parentheses. The NAT itself denotes the value (if any) of this function for the denotations of the other terms taken as arguments. (If there is no such value then the NAT has no denotatum; see #$undefined.) NATs are also known as \"denotational formulas\", in contrast to \"logical formulas\" (i.e. sentences). Currently, there are two main types of NAT: (i) #$HLNonAtomicReifiedTerms (or \"NART\"s), which are a type of #$HLReifiedDenotationalTerm and are implemented with data structures that have indexing that enables all uses of the NAT to be retrieved, and (ii) #$ELNonAtomicTerms (or \"NAUT\"s), which have no such indexing and remain in the form of an EL expression in the assertions in which they occur.") (#$genls #$CycLNonAtomicTerm #$CycLDenotationalTerm) (#$genls #$CycLNonAtomicTerm #$CycLDenotationalTerm) (#$genls #$CycLNonAtomicTerm #$CycLFormula) (#$genls #$CycLNonAtomicTerm #$CycLFormula) (#$genls #$CycLNonAtomicTerm #$CycLRepresentedTerm) (#$genls #$CycLNonAtomicTerm #$CycLRepresentedTerm) (#$genls #$CycLNonAtomicTerm #$Thing) (#$isa #$CycLNonAtomicTerm #$AtemporalNecessarilyEssentialCollectionType) (#$isa #$CycLNonAtomicTerm #$Collection) (#$isa #$CycLNonAtomicTerm #$CoreConstant) (#$isa #$CycLNonAtomicTerm #$CycLExpressionType) (#$partitionedInto #$CycLNonAtomicTerm (#$ThePartition #$CycLOpenNonAtomicTerm #$CycLClosedNonAtomicTerm)) (#$partitionedInto #$CycLNonAtomicTerm (#$ThePartition #$ELNonAtomicTerm #$HLNonAtomicReifiedTerm)) (#$quotedCollection #$CycLNonAtomicTerm) (#$comment #$CycLNonAtomicTerm-Askable "The collection of #$CycLNonAtomicTerms that can appear within sentences that are askable as queries to the Cyc system (see #$CycLSentence-Askable). More precisely, each instance of #$CycLNonAtomicTerm-Askable is a CycL non-atomic term that is constructible via the syntax of CycL without violating any applicable arity constraints (see #$arity). Note that askable CycL non-atomic terms do not necesarily obey other semantic constraints beyond arity, such as argument-type constraints (see #$ArgTypePredicate); thus they are not always semantically well-formed in the fullest sense (cf. #$CycLNonAtomicTerm-Assertible).") (#$genls #$CycLNonAtomicTerm-Askable #$CycLExpression-Askable) (#$genls #$CycLNonAtomicTerm-Askable #$CycLNonAtomicTerm) (#$genls #$CycLNonAtomicTerm-Askable #$Thing) (#$isa #$CycLNonAtomicTerm-Askable #$AtemporalNecessarilyEssentialCollectionType) (#$isa #$CycLNonAtomicTerm-Askable #$Collection) (#$isa #$CycLNonAtomicTerm-Askable #$CoreConstant) (#$isa #$CycLNonAtomicTerm-Askable #$CycLExpressionType) (#$quotedCollection #$CycLNonAtomicTerm-Askable) (#$comment #$CycLNonAtomicTerm-Assertible "A #$CycLExpressionType and a specialization of both #$CycLExpression-Assertible and #$CycLNonAtomicTerm (qq.v.). The collection of all CycL non-atomic terms that could appear within a sentence that could be asserted to the Cyc Knowledge Base. More precisely, each instance of #$CycLNonAtomicTerm-Assertible is a non-atomic term that is both syntactically and semantically well-formed. By definition, any CycL non-atomic term is syntactically well-formed. To be semantically well-formed, a non-atomic term sentence must be constructible via the syntax of CycL without violating any applicable arity or argument-type constraints (see #$arity and #$ArgTypePredicate). A CycL term must be semantically well-formed in order to be interpretable as having a \"semantic value\", which for terms means having a denotation. Note that being \"assertible\" in the present sense does not require a sentence's actually being asserted in the KB.") (#$genls #$CycLNonAtomicTerm-Assertible #$CycLExpression-Assertible) (#$genls #$CycLNonAtomicTerm-Assertible #$CycLNonAtomicTerm-Askable) (#$genls #$CycLNonAtomicTerm-Assertible #$Thing) (#$isa #$CycLNonAtomicTerm-Assertible #$AtemporalNecessarilyEssentialCollectionType) (#$isa #$CycLNonAtomicTerm-Assertible #$Collection) (#$isa #$CycLNonAtomicTerm-Assertible #$CoreConstant) (#$isa #$CycLNonAtomicTerm-Assertible #$CycLExpressionType) (#$quotedCollection #$CycLNonAtomicTerm-Assertible) (#$comment #$CycLNonAtomicTerm-ClosedFunctor "The subcollection of denotational #$CycLNonAtomicTerms which have no free variable in the arg0 position. Examples: (#$JuvenileFn #$Platypus), (#$JuvenileFn #$isa #$genls), (#$TheSetOf ?X (#$colorOfType ?X #$GreenColor)), (#$JuvenileFn ?X). Counterexample: (?SOMEFN #$Gold) ((#$USDollarFn ?YEAR) 5).") (#$genls #$CycLNonAtomicTerm-ClosedFunctor #$CycLNonAtomicTerm) (#$genls #$CycLNonAtomicTerm-ClosedFunctor #$Thing) (#$isa #$CycLNonAtomicTerm-ClosedFunctor #$Collection) (#$isa #$CycLNonAtomicTerm-ClosedFunctor #$CoreConstant) (#$isa #$CycLNonAtomicTerm-ClosedFunctor #$CycLExpressionType) (#$comment #$CycLOpenDenotationalTerm "The collection of all open denotational terms in the CycL language. An expression is \"open\" if it contains one or more free variables (see #$CycLOpenExpression). A CycL term is said to be \"denotational\" if it is the right sort of term to have a denotation (or value) in the universe of discourse (see #$CycLDenotationalTerm). Each instance of #$CycLOpenDenotationalTerm is either a #$CycLOpenNonAtomicTerm (i.e. a \"NAT\" with a free variable) or a #$CycLVariable iself. Examples include `?X', `(#$JuvenileFn ?X)', and `(#$JuvenileFn #$isa ?X #$genls #$JuvenileFn)' (even though the latter is semantically ill-formed).") (#$genls #$CycLOpenDenotationalTerm #$CycLDenotationalTerm) (#$genls #$CycLOpenDenotationalTerm #$CycLDenotationalTerm) (#$genls #$CycLOpenDenotationalTerm #$CycLOpenExpression) (#$genls #$CycLOpenDenotationalTerm #$CycLOpenExpression) (#$genls #$CycLOpenDenotationalTerm #$Thing) (#$isa #$CycLOpenDenotationalTerm #$AtemporalNecessarilyEssentialCollectionType) (#$isa #$CycLOpenDenotationalTerm #$Collection) (#$isa #$CycLOpenDenotationalTerm #$CoreConstant) (#$isa #$CycLOpenDenotationalTerm #$CycLExpressionType) (#$partitionedInto #$CycLOpenDenotationalTerm (#$ThePartition #$CycLVariable #$CycLOpenNonAtomicTerm)) (#$quotedCollection #$CycLOpenDenotationalTerm) (#$comment #$CycLOpenExpression "The collection of CycL expressions that contain one or more free variables. A variable VAR occurs _free_ in an expression EXPR if and only if there is an occurrence of VAR in EXPR that is not bound by a term denoting a #$ScopingRelation (q.v.), such as a quantifier or #$TheSetOf, in EXPR.") (#$disjointWith #$CycLOpenExpression #$CycLClosedExpression) (#$genls #$CycLOpenExpression #$CycLExpression) (#$genls #$CycLOpenExpression #$CycLExpression) (#$genls #$CycLOpenExpression #$CycLTerm) (#$genls #$CycLOpenExpression #$CycLTerm) (#$genls #$CycLOpenExpression #$Thing) (#$isa #$CycLOpenExpression #$AtemporalNecessarilyEssentialCollectionType) (#$isa #$CycLOpenExpression #$Collection) (#$isa #$CycLOpenExpression #$CoreConstant) (#$isa #$CycLOpenExpression #$CycLExpressionType) (#$partitionedInto #$CycLOpenExpression (#$ThePartition #$CycLOpenSentence #$CycLOpenDenotationalTerm)) (#$quotedCollection #$CycLOpenExpression) (#$comment #$CycLOpenFormula "A specialization of both #$CycLOpenExpression and #$CycLFormula. An instance FORM of #$CycLFormula is also an instance of #$CycLOpenFormula just in case FORM contains one or more free variables.") (#$genls #$CycLOpenFormula #$CycLFormula) (#$genls #$CycLOpenFormula #$CycLFormula) (#$genls #$CycLOpenFormula #$CycLOpenExpression) (#$genls #$CycLOpenFormula #$Thing) (#$isa #$CycLOpenFormula #$AtemporalNecessarilyEssentialCollectionType) (#$isa #$CycLOpenFormula #$Collection) (#$isa #$CycLOpenFormula #$CoreConstant) (#$isa #$CycLOpenFormula #$CycLExpressionType) (#$quotedCollection #$CycLOpenFormula) (#$comment #$CycLOpenNonAtomicTerm "The collection of denotational #$CycLNonAtomicTerms that have free variables. Examples: `(#$JuvenileFn ?X)', `(#$JuvenileFn ?X ?Y ?Z)'. Counterexample: `(#$TheSetOf ?X (#$objectHasColor ?X #$GreenColor))'.") (#$genls #$CycLOpenNonAtomicTerm #$CycLNonAtomicTerm) (#$genls #$CycLOpenNonAtomicTerm #$CycLNonAtomicTerm) (#$genls #$CycLOpenNonAtomicTerm #$CycLOpenDenotationalTerm) (#$genls #$CycLOpenNonAtomicTerm #$CycLOpenDenotationalTerm) (#$genls #$CycLOpenNonAtomicTerm #$CycLOpenFormula) (#$genls #$CycLOpenNonAtomicTerm #$Thing) (#$isa #$CycLOpenNonAtomicTerm #$AtemporalNecessarilyEssentialCollectionType) (#$isa #$CycLOpenNonAtomicTerm #$Collection) (#$isa #$CycLOpenNonAtomicTerm #$CoreConstant) (#$isa #$CycLOpenNonAtomicTerm #$CycLExpressionType) (#$quotedCollection #$CycLOpenNonAtomicTerm) (#$comment #$CycLOpenSentence "A specialization of both #$CycLOpenExpression and #$CycLSentence. An instance PROP of #$CycLSentence is also an instance of #$CycLOpenSentence just in case PROP contains one or more free variables.") (#$genls #$CycLOpenSentence #$CycLOpenExpression) (#$genls #$CycLOpenSentence #$CycLOpenFormula) (#$genls #$CycLOpenSentence #$CycLSentence) (#$genls #$CycLOpenSentence #$CycLSentence) (#$genls #$CycLOpenSentence #$Individual) (#$isa #$CycLOpenSentence #$AtemporalNecessarilyEssentialCollectionType) (#$isa #$CycLOpenSentence #$Collection) (#$isa #$CycLOpenSentence #$CoreConstant) (#$isa #$CycLOpenSentence #$CycLExpressionType) (#$quotedCollection #$CycLOpenSentence) (#$comment #$CycLPropositionalSentence "The collection of CycL sentences that express propositions (see #$Proposition). Two necessary (and, arguably, jointly sufficient) conditions for a CycL sentence's expressing a proposition is that it be semantically well-formed (see #$CycLSentence-Assertible) and closed (see #$CycLClosedSentence).") (#$genls #$CycLPropositionalSentence #$CycLClosedSentence) (#$genls #$CycLPropositionalSentence #$CycLSentence-Assertible) (#$genls #$CycLPropositionalSentence #$Individual) (#$isa #$CycLPropositionalSentence #$AtemporalNecessarilyEssentialCollectionType) (#$isa #$CycLPropositionalSentence #$Collection) (#$isa #$CycLPropositionalSentence #$CoreConstant) (#$isa #$CycLPropositionalSentence #$CycLExpressionType) (#$quotedCollection #$CycLPropositionalSentence) (#$comment #$CycLReformulationRulePredicate "The collection of #$Predicates which may appear as the operator in a #$CycLReformulatorRule.") (#$genls #$CycLReformulationRulePredicate #$CanonicalizerDirectivePredicate) (#$genls #$CycLReformulationRulePredicate #$CycLConstant) (#$genls #$CycLReformulationRulePredicate #$Predicate) (#$isa #$CycLReformulationRulePredicate #$Collection) (#$isa #$CycLReformulationRulePredicate #$CoreImplementationConstant) (#$isa #$CycLReformulationRulePredicate #$PredicateCategory) (#$sharedNotes #$CycLReformulationRulePredicate #$NoteAboutArgIsaCycLIndexedTerm) (#$comment #$CycLReformulatorRule "The subcollection of #$CycLAssertions which express reformulation rules to be used by the #$CycLReformulator. Even though the reformulator may treat these as rules, they are GAFs in the KB. Each #$CycLReformulatorRule must have a #$CycLReformulationRulePredicate as its predicate. They are relevant in the microtheory in which they are asserted, and in specMts of that microtheory unless overridden. For meta-directives, the convention is that the #$CycLReformulatorRule argument comes last.") (#$genls #$CycLReformulatorRule #$CycLAtomicAssertion) (#$isa #$CycLReformulatorRule #$AtemporalNecessarilyEssentialCollectionType) (#$isa #$CycLReformulatorRule #$CycLExpressionType) (#$sharedNotes #$CycLReformulatorRule #$NoteAboutArgIsaCycLIndexedTerm) (#$comment #$CycLReifiableDenotationalTerm "A subcollection of both #$CycLClosedDenotationalTerm and #$CycLIndexedTerm (qq.v.). #$CycLReifiableDenotationalTerm is the collection of all CycL terms that both may be reified and may denote something in the universe of discourse. It thus includes all instances of #$CycLConstant as well as any NAT (see #$CycLNonAtomicTerm and #$Function-Denotational) whose functor denotes an instance of #$ReifiableFunction. For example, the NAT `(#$GovernmentFn #$France)' is a #$CycLReifiableDenotationalTerm, since #$GovernmentFn is an instance of #$ReifiableFunction. Similarly, `(#$JuvenileFn #$Platypus)' is a #$CycLReifiableDenotationalTerm; although it is not currently reified in the KB, it is reifiable and denotational (see #$CycLClosedDenotationalTerm). Finally, `(#$BorderBetweenFn #$Canada #$Mexico)' is a #$CycLReifiableDenotationalTerm; although it happens not to denote anything in the universe of discourse, it is nonetheless the kind of NAT that can and often does denote. Note that #$CycLVariables are not considered reifiable terms.") (#$genls #$CycLReifiableDenotationalTerm #$CycLClosedDenotationalTerm) (#$genls #$CycLReifiableDenotationalTerm #$CycLIndexedTerm) (#$genls #$CycLReifiableDenotationalTerm #$Thing) (#$isa #$CycLReifiableDenotationalTerm #$AtemporalNecessarilyEssentialCollectionType) (#$isa #$CycLReifiableDenotationalTerm #$Collection) (#$isa #$CycLReifiableDenotationalTerm #$CoreConstant) (#$isa #$CycLReifiableDenotationalTerm #$CycLExpressionType) (#$partitionedInto #$CycLReifiableDenotationalTerm (#$ThePartition #$CycLReifiableNonAtomicTerm #$CycLConstant)) (#$sharedNotes #$CycLReifiableDenotationalTerm #$NoteAboutArgIsaCycLIndexedTerm) (#$quotedCollection #$CycLReifiableDenotationalTerm) (#$comment #$CycLReifiableNonAtomicTerm "A collection of Cyc terms that are NATs (#$CycLNonAtomicTerms; see #$Function-Denotational) whose functor is an instance of #$ReifiableFunction. E.g., since #$GovernmentFn is an instance of #$ReifiableFunction, it is true that (#$GovernmentFn #$France) is a #$CycLReifiableNonAtomicTerm.") (#$genls #$CycLReifiableNonAtomicTerm #$CycLClosedNonAtomicTerm) (#$genls #$CycLReifiableNonAtomicTerm #$CycLExpression) (#$genls #$CycLReifiableNonAtomicTerm #$CycLIndexedTerm) (#$genls #$CycLReifiableNonAtomicTerm #$CycLIndexedTerm) (#$genls #$CycLReifiableNonAtomicTerm #$CycLNonAtomicTerm) (#$genls #$CycLReifiableNonAtomicTerm #$CycLReifiableDenotationalTerm) (#$genls #$CycLReifiableNonAtomicTerm #$Thing) (#$isa #$CycLReifiableNonAtomicTerm #$AtemporalNecessarilyEssentialCollectionType) (#$isa #$CycLReifiableNonAtomicTerm #$Collection) (#$isa #$CycLReifiableNonAtomicTerm #$CycLExpressionType) (#$isa #$CycLReifiableNonAtomicTerm #$LogicalTruthImplementationConstant) (#$partitionedInto #$CycLReifiableNonAtomicTerm (#$ThePartition #$CycLUnreifiedReifiableNonAtomicTerm #$HLNonAtomicReifiedTerm)) (#$sharedNotes #$CycLReifiableNonAtomicTerm #$NoteAboutArgIsaCycLIndexedTerm) (#$sharedNotes #$CycLReifiableNonAtomicTerm #$NoteAboutArgIsaCycLIndexedTerm) (#$quotedCollection #$CycLReifiableNonAtomicTerm) (#$comment #$CycLReifiedDenotationalTerm "The collection of denotational terms in the CycL language which are reified in the KB. Examples include #$Muffet and (#$JuvenileFn #$Dog); a counterexample would be (#$JuvenileFn #$Platypus) because that term is not currently reified in the KB. These are often called 'FORTs', which stands for 'first-order reified terms'") (#$genls #$CycLReifiedDenotationalTerm #$CycLReifiableDenotationalTerm) (#$genls #$CycLReifiedDenotationalTerm #$Thing) (#$isa #$CycLReifiedDenotationalTerm #$AtemporalNecessarilyEssentialCollectionType) (#$isa #$CycLReifiedDenotationalTerm #$Collection) (#$isa #$CycLReifiedDenotationalTerm #$CoreConstant) (#$isa #$CycLReifiedDenotationalTerm #$CycLExpressionType) (#$sharedNotes #$CycLReifiedDenotationalTerm #$NoteAboutArgIsaCycLIndexedTerm) (#$sharedNotes #$CycLReifiedDenotationalTerm #$NoteAboutArgIsaCycLIndexedTerm) (#$quotedCollection #$CycLReifiedDenotationalTerm) (#$comment #$CycLRepresentedAtomicTerm "A specialization of #$CycLAtomicTerm. An instance ATOM of #$CycLAtomicTerm is also an instance of #$CycLRepresentedAtomicTerm just in case ATOM is explicitly represented in the CycL language (as opposed to being represented in SubL, the underlying implementation language of the Cyc system). Important specializations of #$CycLRepresentedAtomicTerm include #$CycLVariable and #$CycLConstant.") (#$disjointWith #$CycLRepresentedAtomicTerm #$SubLAtomicTerm) (#$genls #$CycLRepresentedAtomicTerm #$CycLAtomicTerm) (#$genls #$CycLRepresentedAtomicTerm #$CycLAtomicTerm) (#$genls #$CycLRepresentedAtomicTerm #$CycLRepresentedTerm) (#$genls #$CycLRepresentedAtomicTerm #$CycLRepresentedTerm) (#$genls #$CycLRepresentedAtomicTerm #$Thing) (#$isa #$CycLRepresentedAtomicTerm #$AtemporalNecessarilyEssentialCollectionType) (#$isa #$CycLRepresentedAtomicTerm #$Collection) (#$isa #$CycLRepresentedAtomicTerm #$CoreConstant) (#$isa #$CycLRepresentedAtomicTerm #$CycLExpressionType) (#$partitionedInto #$CycLRepresentedAtomicTerm (#$ThePartition #$CycLConstant #$CycLVariable)) (#$quotedCollection #$CycLRepresentedAtomicTerm) (#$comment #$CycLRepresentedTerm "The collection of all denotational terms that are represented in the CycL language, instead of being defined in SubL, the underlying implementation language used by Cyc. That is, each instance of #$CycLRepresentedTerm is either (i) an atomic term, and thus also an instance of #$CycLRepresentedAtomicTerm (q.v.), or (ii) a non-atomic term (or \"NAT\"), and has a #$CycLRepresentedTerm as its arg0 functor (the other arguments in the NAT need not be CycL represented terms). Thus #$CycLRepresentedTerm has as instances all #$CycLConstants, all #$CycLVariables, and all #$CycLNonAtomicTerms.") (#$genls #$CycLRepresentedTerm #$CycLDenotationalTerm) (#$genls #$CycLRepresentedTerm #$CycLDenotationalTerm) (#$genls #$CycLRepresentedTerm #$Thing) (#$isa #$CycLRepresentedTerm #$AtemporalNecessarilyEssentialCollectionType) (#$isa #$CycLRepresentedTerm #$Collection) (#$isa #$CycLRepresentedTerm #$CoreConstant) (#$isa #$CycLRepresentedTerm #$CycLExpressionType) (#$partitionedInto #$CycLRepresentedTerm (#$ThePartition #$CycLRepresentedAtomicTerm #$CycLNonAtomicTerm)) (#$quotedCollection #$CycLRepresentedTerm) (#$comment #$CycLRuleAssertion "The subcollection of semantically well-formed #$CycLAssertions whose formulas are rules. More precisely, the formulas are not GAFs (see #$CycLGAFAssertion), so they either have more than one literal (and therefore are non-atomic) or they quantify over some free variables (and therefore are non-ground). Any free variables are implicitly universally quantified.") (#$disjointWith #$CycLRuleAssertion #$CycLGAFAssertion) (#$genls #$CycLRuleAssertion #$CycLAssertion) (#$genls #$CycLRuleAssertion #$CycLAssertion) (#$genls #$CycLRuleAssertion #$Individual) (#$isa #$CycLRuleAssertion #$AtemporalNecessarilyEssentialCollectionType) (#$isa #$CycLRuleAssertion #$Collection) (#$isa #$CycLRuleAssertion #$CoreConstant) (#$isa #$CycLRuleAssertion #$CycLExpressionType) (#$sharedNotes #$CycLRuleAssertion #$NoteAboutArgIsaCycLIndexedTerm) (#$sharedNotes #$CycLRuleAssertion #$NoteAboutArgIsaCycLIndexedTerm) (#$quotedCollection #$CycLRuleAssertion) (#$comment #$CycLSentence "The collection of syntactically well-formed sentences of the CycL language. Each instance of #$CycLSentence consists of a CycL expression denoting a logical relation (i.e. a #$Predicate or #$TruthFunction) followed by one or more CycL terms, with the entire sequence enclosed in parentheses. #$CycLSentences need not obey arity constraints or other semantic constraints (such as argument type constraints). #$CycLSentences are also called \"logical formulas\", and are to be distinguished from \"denotational formulas\" (which are also known as \"NAT\"s; see #$CycLNonAtomicTerms). Note that this notion of a CycL sentence is broader than the notion of \"sentence\" standardly used in formal logic, where a sentence is defined as a _closed_ well-formed formula: CycL sentences may be _open_ (i.e. contain free variables).") (#$genls #$CycLSentence #$AbstractInformationalThing) (#$genls #$CycLSentence #$CycLExpression) (#$genls #$CycLSentence #$CycLFormula) (#$genls #$CycLSentence #$CycLFormula) (#$genls #$CycLSentence #$CycLTerm) (#$genls #$CycLSentence #$Individual) (#$isa #$CycLSentence #$AtemporalNecessarilyEssentialCollectionType) (#$isa #$CycLSentence #$Collection) (#$isa #$CycLSentence #$CoreConstant) (#$isa #$CycLSentence #$CycLExpressionType) (#$isa #$CycLSentence #$LinguisticObjectType) (#$partitionedInto #$CycLSentence (#$ThePartition #$CycLOpenSentence #$CycLClosedSentence)) (#$quotedCollection #$CycLSentence) (#$comment #$CycLSentence-Askable "The collection of #$CycLSentences that are askable as queries to the Cyc system. More precisely, each instance of #$CycLSentence-Askable is a CycL sentence that is constructible via the syntax of CycL without violating any applicable arity constraints (see #$arity). Note that askable CycL sentences do not necessarily obey other semantic constraints beyond arity, such as argument-type constraints (see #$ArgTypePredicate); thus they are not always semantically well-formed in the fullest sense (cf. #$CycLSentence-Assertible). The idea behind this criterion of \"askability\" is that such a sentence, even if it isn't true or false (which it can't be unless it also obeys all argument-type constraints), at least \"makes enough sense\" to be asked as a query to the Cyc system.") (#$genls #$CycLSentence-Askable #$CycLExpression-Askable) (#$genls #$CycLSentence-Askable #$CycLSentence) (#$genls #$CycLSentence-Askable #$Individual) (#$isa #$CycLSentence-Askable #$AtemporalNecessarilyEssentialCollectionType) (#$isa #$CycLSentence-Askable #$Collection) (#$isa #$CycLSentence-Askable #$CoreConstant) (#$isa #$CycLSentence-Askable #$CycLExpressionType) (#$quotedCollection #$CycLSentence-Askable) (#$comment #$CycLSentence-Assertible "An instance of #$CycLExpressionType and a specialization of #$CycLExpression-Assertible. The collection of all CycL sentences that could be asserted to the Cyc Knowledge Base. More precisely, each instance of #$CycLSentence-Assertible is a CycL sentence that is both syntactically and semantically well-formed. By definition, any CycL sentence is syntactically well-formed. To be semantically well-formed, a CycL sentence must be constructible via the syntax of CycL without violating any applicable arity or argument-type constraints (see #$arity and #$ArgTypePredicate). A CycL sentence must be semantically well-formed in order to be interpretable as having a \"semantic value\", which for sentences means having a truth value. Note that being \"assertible\" in the present sense does not require a sentences's actually being asserted in the KB.") (#$genls #$CycLSentence-Assertible #$CycLExpression-Assertible) (#$genls #$CycLSentence-Assertible #$CycLSentence-Askable) (#$genls #$CycLSentence-Assertible #$Individual) (#$isa #$CycLSentence-Assertible #$AtemporalNecessarilyEssentialCollectionType) (#$isa #$CycLSentence-Assertible #$Collection) (#$isa #$CycLSentence-Assertible #$CoreConstant) (#$isa #$CycLSentence-Assertible #$CycLExpressionType) (#$quotedCollection #$CycLSentence-Assertible) (#$comment #$CycLSentence-ClosedPredicate "The subcollection of #$CycLSentences whose arg0 does not contain a free variable although free variables may occupy other argument positions.") (#$disjointWith #$CycLSentence-ClosedPredicate #$CycLNonAtomicTerm-ClosedFunctor) (#$genls #$CycLSentence-ClosedPredicate #$CycLSentence) (#$genls #$CycLSentence-ClosedPredicate #$Individual) (#$isa #$CycLSentence-ClosedPredicate #$Collection) (#$isa #$CycLSentence-ClosedPredicate #$CoreConstant) (#$isa #$CycLSentence-ClosedPredicate #$CycLExpressionType) (#$quotedCollection #$CycLSentence-ClosedPredicate) (#$comment #$CycLTerm "The collection of all syntactically well-formed expressions in the CycL language that can be used as terms, i.e. that can be combined with other expressions to form non-atomic terms or formulas. Since the grammar of the CycL language allows any CycL expression to be used as a term, #$CycLTerm and #$CycLExpression are coextensional collections. Note that, as with most #$CycLExpressionTypes, #$CycLTerm is a #$quotedCollection (q.v.).") (#$genls #$CycLTerm #$CycLExpression) (#$genls #$CycLTerm #$CycLExpression) (#$genls #$CycLTerm #$SubLExpression) (#$genls #$CycLTerm #$Thing) (#$genls #$CycLTerm #$Thing) (#$isa #$CycLTerm #$AtemporalNecessarilyEssentialCollectionType) (#$isa #$CycLTerm #$Collection) (#$isa #$CycLTerm #$CoreConstant) (#$isa #$CycLTerm #$CycLExpressionType) (#$partitionedInto #$CycLTerm (#$ThePartition #$CycLAtomicTerm #$CycLFormula)) (#$partitionedInto #$CycLTerm (#$ThePartition #$CycLOpenExpression #$CycLClosedExpression)) (#$partitionedInto #$CycLTerm (#$ThePartition #$CycLSentence #$CycLDenotationalTerm)) (#$quotedCollection #$CycLTerm) (#$comment #$CycLUnreifiedReifiableNonAtomicTerm "A collection of Cyc terms that are #$CycLReifiableNonAtomicTerms but are not meant to be reified at the top level (but sub-nats are still reified). #$CycLUnreifiedReifiableNonAtomicTerms are handled specially by the canonicalizer. As an example of how this works, see #$termOfUnit. Its arg1 is a #$CycLReifiableNonAtomicTerm and its arg2 is an #$CycLUnreifiedReifiableNonAtomicTerm.") (#$genls #$CycLUnreifiedReifiableNonAtomicTerm #$CycLReifiableNonAtomicTerm) (#$genls #$CycLUnreifiedReifiableNonAtomicTerm #$CycLReifiableNonAtomicTerm) (#$genls #$CycLUnreifiedReifiableNonAtomicTerm #$ELNonAtomicTerm) (#$genls #$CycLUnreifiedReifiableNonAtomicTerm #$ELNonAtomicTerm) (#$genls #$CycLUnreifiedReifiableNonAtomicTerm #$Thing) (#$isa #$CycLUnreifiedReifiableNonAtomicTerm #$AtemporalNecessarilyEssentialCollectionType) (#$isa #$CycLUnreifiedReifiableNonAtomicTerm #$Collection) (#$isa #$CycLUnreifiedReifiableNonAtomicTerm #$Collection) (#$isa #$CycLUnreifiedReifiableNonAtomicTerm #$LogicalTruthImplementationConstant) (#$sharedNotes #$CycLUnreifiedReifiableNonAtomicTerm #$NoteAboutArgIsaCycLIndexedTerm) (#$quotedCollection #$CycLUnreifiedReifiableNonAtomicTerm) (#$comment #$CycLVariable "The collection of all variables in the CycL language. A #$CycLVariable is a character string consisting of a question mark `?' (as its initial character) followed by one or more characters, where each of these latter characters is either an (upper- or lower-case) Roman letter, an Arabic numeral (i.e. `0' through `9'), a hyphen (`-'), an underscore (`_'), or another question mark. (The letters occurring in a CycL variable used in an actual assertion will typically be all uppercase; but this convention is not enforced in any formal way.) Examples: `?WHAT', '?OBJ-TYPE', and `?var0'.") (#$genls #$CycLVariable #$CycLAtomicTerm) (#$genls #$CycLVariable #$CycLAtomicTerm) (#$genls #$CycLVariable #$CycLOpenDenotationalTerm) (#$genls #$CycLVariable #$CycLOpenDenotationalTerm) (#$genls #$CycLVariable #$CycLRepresentedAtomicTerm) (#$genls #$CycLVariable #$CycLRepresentedAtomicTerm) (#$genls #$CycLVariable #$Thing) (#$isa #$CycLVariable #$AtemporalNecessarilyEssentialCollectionType) (#$isa #$CycLVariable #$Collection) (#$isa #$CycLVariable #$CoreConstant) (#$isa #$CycLVariable #$CycLExpressionType) (#$quotedCollection #$CycLVariable) (#$genls #$CycProblem #$CycInferenceDataStructure) (#$isa #$CycProblem #$CoreImplementationConstant) (#$isa #$CycProblem #$ObjectType) (#$arg1Isa #$cycProblemArgumentLinks #$CycProblem) (#$arg1Isa #$cycProblemArgumentLinks #$CycProblem) (#$arg2Format #$cycProblemArgumentLinks #$SetTheFormat) (#$arg2Isa #$cycProblemArgumentLinks #$CycProblemLink) (#$arg2Isa #$cycProblemArgumentLinks #$CycProblemLink) (#$argFormat #$cycProblemArgumentLinks 2 #$SetTheFormat) (#$argFormat #$cycProblemArgumentLinks 2 #$SetTheFormat) (#$argIsa #$cycProblemArgumentLinks 1 #$CycProblem) (#$argIsa #$cycProblemArgumentLinks 2 #$CycProblemLink) (#$arity #$cycProblemArgumentLinks 2) (#$isa #$cycProblemArgumentLinks #$BinaryPredicate) (#$isa #$cycProblemArgumentLinks #$CoreImplementationConstant) (#$arg1Isa #$cycProblemDependentLinks #$CycProblem) (#$arg1Isa #$cycProblemDependentLinks #$CycProblem) (#$arg2Format #$cycProblemDependentLinks #$SetTheFormat) (#$arg2Isa #$cycProblemDependentLinks #$CycProblemLink) (#$arg2Isa #$cycProblemDependentLinks #$CycProblemLink) (#$argFormat #$cycProblemDependentLinks 2 #$SetTheFormat) (#$argFormat #$cycProblemDependentLinks 2 #$SetTheFormat) (#$argIsa #$cycProblemDependentLinks 1 #$CycProblem) (#$argIsa #$cycProblemDependentLinks 2 #$CycProblemLink) (#$arity #$cycProblemDependentLinks 2) (#$isa #$cycProblemDependentLinks #$BinaryPredicate) (#$isa #$cycProblemDependentLinks #$CoreImplementationConstant) (#$arg1Isa #$CycProblemFn #$NonNegativeInteger) (#$arg1Isa #$CycProblemFn #$NonNegativeInteger) (#$arg2Isa #$CycProblemFn #$CycProblemStore) (#$arg2Isa #$CycProblemFn #$CycProblemStore) (#$argIsa #$CycProblemFn 2 #$CycProblemStore) (#$argIsa #$CycProblemFn 1 #$NonNegativeInteger) (#$arity #$CycProblemFn 2) (#$isa #$CycProblemFn #$BinaryFunction) (#$isa #$CycProblemFn #$CoreImplementationConstant) (#$isa #$CycProblemFn #$UnreifiableFunction) (#$resultIsa #$CycProblemFn #$CycProblem) (#$arg1Isa #$cycProblemID #$CycProblem) (#$arg1Isa #$cycProblemID #$CycProblem) (#$arg2Isa #$cycProblemID #$CycProblemStore) (#$arg2Isa #$cycProblemID #$CycProblemStore) (#$arg3Format #$cycProblemID #$SingleEntry) (#$arg3Isa #$cycProblemID #$NonNegativeInteger) (#$arg3Isa #$cycProblemID #$NonNegativeInteger) (#$argFormat #$cycProblemID 3 #$SingleEntry) (#$argFormat #$cycProblemID 3 #$SingleEntry) (#$argIsa #$cycProblemID 1 #$CycProblem) (#$argIsa #$cycProblemID 2 #$CycProblemStore) (#$argIsa #$cycProblemID 3 #$NonNegativeInteger) (#$arity #$cycProblemID 3) (#$isa #$cycProblemID #$CoreImplementationConstant) (#$isa #$cycProblemID #$TernaryPredicate) (#$genls #$CycProblemLink #$CycInferenceDataStructure) (#$isa #$CycProblemLink #$CoreImplementationConstant) (#$isa #$CycProblemLink #$ObjectType) (#$genls #$CycProblemLink-Conjunctive #$CycProblemLink-Logical) (#$isa #$CycProblemLink-Conjunctive #$CoreImplementationConstant) (#$isa #$CycProblemLink-Conjunctive #$ObjectType) (#$genls #$CycProblemLink-Content #$CycProblemLink) (#$isa #$CycProblemLink-Content #$CoreImplementationConstant) (#$isa #$CycProblemLink-Content #$ObjectType) (#$genls #$CycProblemLink-Disjunctive #$CycProblemLink-Logical) (#$isa #$CycProblemLink-Disjunctive #$CoreImplementationConstant) (#$isa #$CycProblemLink-Disjunctive #$ObjectType) (#$arg1Isa #$CycProblemLinkFn #$NonNegativeInteger) (#$arg1Isa #$CycProblemLinkFn #$NonNegativeInteger) (#$arg2Isa #$CycProblemLinkFn #$CycProblemStore) (#$arg2Isa #$CycProblemLinkFn #$CycProblemStore) (#$argIsa #$CycProblemLinkFn 2 #$CycProblemStore) (#$argIsa #$CycProblemLinkFn 1 #$NonNegativeInteger) (#$arity #$CycProblemLinkFn 2) (#$isa #$CycProblemLinkFn #$BinaryFunction) (#$isa #$CycProblemLinkFn #$CoreImplementationConstant) (#$isa #$CycProblemLinkFn #$UnreifiableFunction) (#$resultIsa #$CycProblemLinkFn #$CycProblemLink) (#$arg1Isa #$cycProblemLinkID #$CycProblemLink) (#$arg1Isa #$cycProblemLinkID #$CycProblemLink) (#$arg2Isa #$cycProblemLinkID #$CycProblemStore) (#$arg2Isa #$cycProblemLinkID #$CycProblemStore) (#$arg3Format #$cycProblemLinkID #$SingleEntry) (#$arg3Isa #$cycProblemLinkID #$NonNegativeInteger) (#$arg3Isa #$cycProblemLinkID #$NonNegativeInteger) (#$argFormat #$cycProblemLinkID 3 #$SingleEntry) (#$argFormat #$cycProblemLinkID 3 #$SingleEntry) (#$argIsa #$cycProblemLinkID 1 #$CycProblemLink) (#$argIsa #$cycProblemLinkID 2 #$CycProblemStore) (#$argIsa #$cycProblemLinkID 3 #$NonNegativeInteger) (#$arity #$cycProblemLinkID 3) (#$isa #$cycProblemLinkID #$CoreImplementationConstant) (#$isa #$cycProblemLinkID #$TernaryPredicate) (#$genls #$CycProblemLink-Join #$CycProblemLink-Conjunctive) (#$isa #$CycProblemLink-Join #$CoreImplementationConstant) (#$isa #$CycProblemLink-Join #$ObjectType) (#$genls #$CycProblemLink-JoinOrdered #$CycProblemLink-Conjunctive) (#$isa #$CycProblemLink-JoinOrdered #$CoreImplementationConstant) (#$isa #$CycProblemLink-JoinOrdered #$ObjectType) (#$genls #$CycProblemLink-Logical #$CycProblemLink-Structural) (#$isa #$CycProblemLink-Logical #$CoreImplementationConstant) (#$isa #$CycProblemLink-Logical #$ObjectType) (#$genls #$CycProblemLink-Removal #$CycProblemLink-Content) (#$isa #$CycProblemLink-Removal #$CoreImplementationConstant) (#$isa #$CycProblemLink-Removal #$ObjectType) (#$genls #$CycProblemLink-Restriction #$CycProblemLink-Structural) (#$isa #$CycProblemLink-Restriction #$CoreImplementationConstant) (#$isa #$CycProblemLink-Restriction #$ObjectType) (#$genls #$CycProblemLink-Split #$CycProblemLink-Conjunctive) (#$isa #$CycProblemLink-Split #$CoreImplementationConstant) (#$isa #$CycProblemLink-Split #$ObjectType) (#$genls #$CycProblemLink-Structural #$CycProblemLink) (#$isa #$CycProblemLink-Structural #$CoreImplementationConstant) (#$isa #$CycProblemLink-Structural #$ObjectType) (#$isa #$CycProblemLink-Transformation #$CoreImplementationConstant) (#$isa #$CycProblemLink-Transformation #$ObjectType) (#$genls #$CycProblemLink-Union #$CycProblemLink-Disjunctive) (#$isa #$CycProblemLink-Union #$CoreImplementationConstant) (#$isa #$CycProblemLink-Union #$ObjectType) (#$arg1Isa #$cycProblemProvabilityStatus #$CycProblem) (#$arg1Isa #$cycProblemProvabilityStatus #$CycProblem) (#$arg2Format #$cycProblemProvabilityStatus #$SingleEntry) (#$arg2Isa #$cycProblemProvabilityStatus #$CycProvabilityStatus) (#$arg2Isa #$cycProblemProvabilityStatus #$CycProvabilityStatus) (#$argFormat #$cycProblemProvabilityStatus 2 #$SingleEntry) (#$argFormat #$cycProblemProvabilityStatus 2 #$SingleEntry) (#$argIsa #$cycProblemProvabilityStatus 1 #$CycProblem) (#$argIsa #$cycProblemProvabilityStatus 2 #$CycProvabilityStatus) (#$arity #$cycProblemProvabilityStatus 2) (#$isa #$cycProblemProvabilityStatus #$BinaryPredicate) (#$isa #$cycProblemProvabilityStatus #$CoreImplementationConstant) (#$arg1Isa #$cycProblemQuerySentence #$CycProblem) (#$arg1Isa #$cycProblemQuerySentence #$CycProblem) (#$arg2Format #$cycProblemQuerySentence #$SingleEntry) (#$arg2Isa #$cycProblemQuerySentence #$ELSentence-Askable) (#$arg2Isa #$cycProblemQuerySentence #$ELSentence-Askable) (#$argFormat #$cycProblemQuerySentence 2 #$SingleEntry) (#$argFormat #$cycProblemQuerySentence 2 #$SingleEntry) (#$argIsa #$cycProblemQuerySentence 1 #$CycProblem) (#$argIsa #$cycProblemQuerySentence 2 #$ELSentence-Askable) (#$arity #$cycProblemQuerySentence 2) (#$isa #$cycProblemQuerySentence #$BinaryPredicate) (#$isa #$cycProblemQuerySentence #$CoreImplementationConstant) (#$arg1Isa #$cycProblemQueryTerms #$CycProblem) (#$arg1Isa #$cycProblemQueryTerms #$CycProblem) (#$arg2Format #$cycProblemQueryTerms #$SetTheFormat) (#$arg2Isa #$cycProblemQueryTerms #$CycLClosedDenotationalTerm) (#$arg2Isa #$cycProblemQueryTerms #$CycLClosedDenotationalTerm) (#$argFormat #$cycProblemQueryTerms 2 #$SetTheFormat) (#$argFormat #$cycProblemQueryTerms 2 #$SetTheFormat) (#$argIsa #$cycProblemQueryTerms 2 #$CycLClosedDenotationalTerm) (#$argIsa #$cycProblemQueryTerms 1 #$CycProblem) (#$arity #$cycProblemQueryTerms 2) (#$isa #$cycProblemQueryTerms #$BinaryPredicate) (#$isa #$cycProblemQueryTerms #$CoreImplementationConstant) (#$genls #$CycProblemStore #$CycInferenceDataStructure) (#$isa #$CycProblemStore #$CoreImplementationConstant) (#$isa #$CycProblemStore #$ObjectType) (#$arg1Isa #$CycProblemStoreFn #$NonNegativeInteger) (#$arg1Isa #$CycProblemStoreFn #$NonNegativeInteger) (#$argIsa #$CycProblemStoreFn 1 #$NonNegativeInteger) (#$arity #$CycProblemStoreFn 1) (#$isa #$CycProblemStoreFn #$CoreImplementationConstant) (#$isa #$CycProblemStoreFn #$UnaryFunction) (#$isa #$CycProblemStoreFn #$UnreifiableFunction) (#$resultIsa #$CycProblemStoreFn #$CycProblemStore) (#$arg1Isa #$cycProblemStoreID #$CycProblemStore) (#$arg1Isa #$cycProblemStoreID #$CycProblemStore) (#$arg2Format #$cycProblemStoreID #$SingleEntry) (#$arg2Isa #$cycProblemStoreID #$NonNegativeInteger) (#$arg2Isa #$cycProblemStoreID #$NonNegativeInteger) (#$argFormat #$cycProblemStoreID 2 #$SingleEntry) (#$argFormat #$cycProblemStoreID 2 #$SingleEntry) (#$argIsa #$cycProblemStoreID 1 #$CycProblemStore) (#$argIsa #$cycProblemStoreID 2 #$NonNegativeInteger) (#$arity #$cycProblemStoreID 2) (#$genlPreds #$cycProblemStoreID #$intangibleParts) (#$isa #$cycProblemStoreID #$BinaryPredicate) (#$isa #$cycProblemStoreID #$CoreImplementationConstant) (#$relationAllExists #$cycProblemStoreID #$CycProblemStore #$NonNegativeInteger) (#$arg1Isa #$cycProblemStoreInferenceCount #$CycProblemStore) (#$arg1Isa #$cycProblemStoreInferenceCount #$CycProblemStore) (#$arg2Format #$cycProblemStoreInferenceCount #$SingleEntry) (#$arg2Isa #$cycProblemStoreInferenceCount #$NonNegativeInteger) (#$arg2Isa #$cycProblemStoreInferenceCount #$NonNegativeInteger) (#$argFormat #$cycProblemStoreInferenceCount 2 #$SingleEntry) (#$argFormat #$cycProblemStoreInferenceCount 2 #$SingleEntry) (#$argIsa #$cycProblemStoreInferenceCount 1 #$CycProblemStore) (#$argIsa #$cycProblemStoreInferenceCount 2 #$NonNegativeInteger) (#$arity #$cycProblemStoreInferenceCount 2) (#$isa #$cycProblemStoreInferenceCount #$BinaryPredicate) (#$isa #$cycProblemStoreInferenceCount #$CoreImplementationConstant) (#$arg1Isa #$cycProblemStoreInferences #$CycProblemStore) (#$arg1Isa #$cycProblemStoreInferences #$CycProblemStore) (#$arg2Format #$cycProblemStoreInferences #$SetTheFormat) (#$arg2Isa #$cycProblemStoreInferences #$CycInference) (#$arg2Isa #$cycProblemStoreInferences #$CycInference) (#$argFormat #$cycProblemStoreInferences 2 #$SetTheFormat) (#$argFormat #$cycProblemStoreInferences 2 #$SetTheFormat) (#$argIsa #$cycProblemStoreInferences 2 #$CycInference) (#$argIsa #$cycProblemStoreInferences 1 #$CycProblemStore) (#$arity #$cycProblemStoreInferences 2) (#$genlPreds #$cycProblemStoreInferences #$intangibleParts) (#$isa #$cycProblemStoreInferences #$BinaryPredicate) (#$isa #$cycProblemStoreInferences #$CoreImplementationConstant) (#$relationAllExists #$cycProblemStoreInferences #$CycProblemStore #$CycInference) (#$arg1Isa #$cycProblemStoreLinkCount #$CycProblemStore) (#$arg1Isa #$cycProblemStoreLinkCount #$CycProblemStore) (#$arg2Format #$cycProblemStoreLinkCount #$SingleEntry) (#$arg2Isa #$cycProblemStoreLinkCount #$NonNegativeInteger) (#$arg2Isa #$cycProblemStoreLinkCount #$NonNegativeInteger) (#$argFormat #$cycProblemStoreLinkCount 2 #$SingleEntry) (#$argFormat #$cycProblemStoreLinkCount 2 #$SingleEntry) (#$argIsa #$cycProblemStoreLinkCount 1 #$CycProblemStore) (#$argIsa #$cycProblemStoreLinkCount 2 #$NonNegativeInteger) (#$arity #$cycProblemStoreLinkCount 2) (#$isa #$cycProblemStoreLinkCount #$BinaryPredicate) (#$isa #$cycProblemStoreLinkCount #$CoreImplementationConstant) (#$arg1Isa #$cycProblemStoreLinks #$CycProblemStore) (#$arg1Isa #$cycProblemStoreLinks #$CycProblemStore) (#$arg2Format #$cycProblemStoreLinks #$SetTheFormat) (#$arg2Isa #$cycProblemStoreLinks #$CycProblemLink) (#$arg2Isa #$cycProblemStoreLinks #$CycProblemLink) (#$argFormat #$cycProblemStoreLinks 2 #$SetTheFormat) (#$argFormat #$cycProblemStoreLinks 2 #$SetTheFormat) (#$argIsa #$cycProblemStoreLinks 2 #$CycProblemLink) (#$argIsa #$cycProblemStoreLinks 1 #$CycProblemStore) (#$arity #$cycProblemStoreLinks 2) (#$genlPreds #$cycProblemStoreLinks #$intangibleParts) (#$isa #$cycProblemStoreLinks #$BinaryPredicate) (#$isa #$cycProblemStoreLinks #$CoreImplementationConstant) (#$relationAllExistsMany #$cycProblemStoreLinks #$CycProblemStore #$CycProblemLink) (#$arg1Isa #$cycProblemStoreProblemCount #$CycProblemStore) (#$arg1Isa #$cycProblemStoreProblemCount #$CycProblemStore) (#$arg2Format #$cycProblemStoreProblemCount #$SingleEntry) (#$arg2Isa #$cycProblemStoreProblemCount #$NonNegativeInteger) (#$arg2Isa #$cycProblemStoreProblemCount #$NonNegativeInteger) (#$argFormat #$cycProblemStoreProblemCount 2 #$SingleEntry) (#$argFormat #$cycProblemStoreProblemCount 2 #$SingleEntry) (#$argIsa #$cycProblemStoreProblemCount 1 #$CycProblemStore) (#$argIsa #$cycProblemStoreProblemCount 2 #$NonNegativeInteger) (#$arity #$cycProblemStoreProblemCount 2) (#$isa #$cycProblemStoreProblemCount #$BinaryPredicate) (#$isa #$cycProblemStoreProblemCount #$CoreImplementationConstant) (#$arg1Isa #$cycProblemStoreProblems #$CycProblemStore) (#$arg1Isa #$cycProblemStoreProblems #$CycProblemStore) (#$arg2Format #$cycProblemStoreProblems #$SetTheFormat) (#$arg2Isa #$cycProblemStoreProblems #$CycProblem) (#$arg2Isa #$cycProblemStoreProblems #$CycProblem) (#$argFormat #$cycProblemStoreProblems 2 #$SetTheFormat) (#$argFormat #$cycProblemStoreProblems 2 #$SetTheFormat) (#$argIsa #$cycProblemStoreProblems 2 #$CycProblem) (#$argIsa #$cycProblemStoreProblems 1 #$CycProblemStore) (#$arity #$cycProblemStoreProblems 2) (#$genlPreds #$cycProblemStoreProblems #$intangibleParts) (#$isa #$cycProblemStoreProblems #$BinaryPredicate) (#$isa #$cycProblemStoreProblems #$CoreImplementationConstant) (#$arg1Isa #$cycProblemStoreProofCount #$CycProblemStore) (#$arg1Isa #$cycProblemStoreProofCount #$CycProblemStore) (#$arg2Format #$cycProblemStoreProofCount #$SingleEntry) (#$arg2Isa #$cycProblemStoreProofCount #$NonNegativeInteger) (#$arg2Isa #$cycProblemStoreProofCount #$NonNegativeInteger) (#$argFormat #$cycProblemStoreProofCount 2 #$SingleEntry) (#$argFormat #$cycProblemStoreProofCount 2 #$SingleEntry) (#$argIsa #$cycProblemStoreProofCount 1 #$CycProblemStore) (#$argIsa #$cycProblemStoreProofCount 2 #$NonNegativeInteger) (#$arity #$cycProblemStoreProofCount 2) (#$isa #$cycProblemStoreProofCount #$BinaryPredicate) (#$isa #$cycProblemStoreProofCount #$CoreImplementationConstant) (#$arg1Isa #$cycProblemStoreProofs #$CycProblemStore) (#$arg1Isa #$cycProblemStoreProofs #$CycProblemStore) (#$arg2Format #$cycProblemStoreProofs #$SetTheFormat) (#$arg2Isa #$cycProblemStoreProofs #$CycProof) (#$arg2Isa #$cycProblemStoreProofs #$CycProof) (#$argFormat #$cycProblemStoreProofs 2 #$SetTheFormat) (#$argFormat #$cycProblemStoreProofs 2 #$SetTheFormat) (#$argIsa #$cycProblemStoreProofs 1 #$CycProblemStore) (#$argIsa #$cycProblemStoreProofs 2 #$CycProof) (#$arity #$cycProblemStoreProofs 2) (#$genlPreds #$cycProblemStoreProofs #$intangibleParts) (#$isa #$cycProblemStoreProofs #$BinaryPredicate) (#$isa #$cycProblemStoreProofs #$CoreImplementationConstant) (#$relationAllExistsMany #$cycProblemStoreProofs #$CycProblemStore #$CycProof) (#$arg1Isa #$cycProblemStoreTerms #$CycProblem) (#$arg1Isa #$cycProblemStoreTerms #$CycProblem) (#$arg2Format #$cycProblemStoreTerms #$SetTheFormat) (#$arg2Isa #$cycProblemStoreTerms #$CycLClosedDenotationalTerm) (#$arg2Isa #$cycProblemStoreTerms #$CycLClosedDenotationalTerm) (#$argFormat #$cycProblemStoreTerms 2 #$SetTheFormat) (#$argFormat #$cycProblemStoreTerms 2 #$SetTheFormat) (#$argIsa #$cycProblemStoreTerms 2 #$CycLClosedDenotationalTerm) (#$argIsa #$cycProblemStoreTerms 1 #$CycProblem) (#$arity #$cycProblemStoreTerms 2) (#$isa #$cycProblemStoreTerms #$BinaryPredicate) (#$isa #$cycProblemStoreTerms #$CoreImplementationConstant) (#$comment #$CycProgram "#$CycProgram is an instance of #$IntelligentComputerProgram and #$InteractiveComputerProgram. It is the computer program of which #$Cyc (and, indeed, every instance of #$CycTheCollection) is a copy (see #$programCopies).") (#$isa #$CycProgram #$ApplicationProgram) (#$isa #$CycProgram #$Individual) (#$genls #$CycProof #$CycInferenceDataStructure) (#$isa #$CycProof #$CoreImplementationConstant) (#$isa #$CycProof #$ObjectType) (#$arg1Isa #$CycProofFn #$NonNegativeInteger) (#$arg1Isa #$CycProofFn #$NonNegativeInteger) (#$arg2Isa #$CycProofFn #$CycProblemStore) (#$arg2Isa #$CycProofFn #$CycProblemStore) (#$argIsa #$CycProofFn 2 #$CycProblemStore) (#$argIsa #$CycProofFn 1 #$NonNegativeInteger) (#$arity #$CycProofFn 2) (#$isa #$CycProofFn #$BinaryFunction) (#$isa #$CycProofFn #$CoreImplementationConstant) (#$isa #$CycProofFn #$UnreifiableFunction) (#$resultIsa #$CycProofFn #$CycProof) (#$arg1Isa #$cycProofID #$CycProof) (#$arg1Isa #$cycProofID #$CycProof) (#$arg2Isa #$cycProofID #$CycProblemStore) (#$arg2Isa #$cycProofID #$CycProblemStore) (#$arg3Format #$cycProofID #$SingleEntry) (#$arg3Isa #$cycProofID #$NonNegativeInteger) (#$arg3Isa #$cycProofID #$NonNegativeInteger) (#$argFormat #$cycProofID 3 #$SingleEntry) (#$argFormat #$cycProofID 3 #$SingleEntry) (#$argIsa #$cycProofID 2 #$CycProblemStore) (#$argIsa #$cycProofID 1 #$CycProof) (#$argIsa #$cycProofID 3 #$NonNegativeInteger) (#$arity #$cycProofID 3) (#$isa #$cycProofID #$CoreImplementationConstant) (#$isa #$cycProofID #$TernaryPredicate) (#$genls #$CycProvabilityStatus #$CycInferenceDataStructure) (#$isa #$CycProvabilityStatus #$CoreImplementationConstant) (#$isa #$CycProvabilityStatus #$ObjectType) (#$partitionedInto #$CycProvabilityStatus (#$ThePartition (#$TheSet #$Good-ProblemProvabilityStatus #$NoGood-ProblemProvabilityStatus #$Neutral-ProblemProvabilityStatus))) (#$genls #$CycSubjectClump #$Thing) (#$isa #$CycSubjectClump #$Collection) (#$quotedCollection #$CycSubjectClump) (#$genls #$CycSupportDatastructure #$CycInferenceDataStructure) (#$isa #$CycSupportDatastructure #$CoreImplementationConstant) (#$isa #$CycSupportDatastructure #$ObjectType) (#$genls #$CycTactic #$CycInferenceDataStructure) (#$isa #$CycTactic #$CoreImplementationConstant) (#$isa #$CycTactic #$ObjectType) (#$comment #$CycTheCollection "A specialization of (#$ProgramTypeCopyFn #$IntelligentComputerProgram) and (#$ProgramTypeCopyFn #$InteractiveComputerProgram). Each instance of #$CycTheCollection is a copy (see #$programCopies) of #$CycProgram. Instances of #$CycTheCollection include all of the copies of #$CycProgram on storage media (see #$CycCopy) or running on computers (either #$CycAgent or #$CycImage) at any time in history. A notable instance of this #$CycAgent is #$Cyc, which is the agentive copy of #$CycTheCollection that one is currently running and using.") (#$genls #$CycTheCollection #$Artifact-Generic) (#$genls #$CycTheCollection #$Individual) (#$genls #$CycTheCollection #$InformationBearingThing) (#$genls #$CycTheCollection #$IntelligentAgent) (#$isa #$CycTheCollection #$IBTContentType) (#$isa #$CycTheCollection #$ObjectType) (#$comment #$CycUniversalDate "A collection of integers which represent #$CalendarDays expressed as an integer of the form YYYYMMDD. For example, 19690720 was the day of the Apollo 11 moon landing, July 20 1969, expressed as a #$CycUniversalDate.") (#$genls #$CycUniversalDate #$Integer) (#$genls #$CycUniversalDate #$SubLInteger) (#$isa #$CycUniversalDate #$AtemporalNecessarilyEssentialCollectionType) (#$isa #$CycUniversalDate #$ObjectType) (#$comment #$CycUniversalSecond "A collection of integers which represent #$CalendarSeconds within their #$CalendarDay expressed as an integer of the form HHMMSS. For example, 130759 represents 1:07:59 pm expressed as a #$CycUniversalSecond.") (#$genls #$CycUniversalSecond #$NonNegativeInteger) (#$genls #$CycUniversalSecond #$SubLInteger) (#$isa #$CycUniversalSecond #$AtemporalNecessarilyEssentialCollectionType) (#$isa #$CycUniversalSecond #$ObjectType) (#$arg1Isa #$CylinderFn #$Distance-Absolute) (#$arg2Isa #$CylinderFn #$Distance-Absolute) (#$argIsa #$CylinderFn 1 #$Distance-Absolute) (#$argIsa #$CylinderFn 1 #$Distance-Absolute) (#$argIsa #$CylinderFn 2 #$Distance-Absolute) (#$argIsa #$CylinderFn 2 #$Distance-Absolute) (#$arity #$CylinderFn 2) (#$comment #$CylinderFn "An instance of #$ShapeFunction (q.v.). When applied to a pair of instances of #$Distance-Absolute, #$CylinderFn returns an instance of (#$AbstractShapeTypeFn #$CylinderShape). (#$CylinderFn L D) denotes an abstract cylinder of length L and diameter D. For example (#$CylinderFn (#$Inch 10) (#$Inch 5)) denotes an abstract cylinder 10 inches long and 5 inches in diameter.") (#$isa #$CylinderFn #$BinaryFunction) (#$isa #$CylinderFn #$IndividualDenotingFunction) (#$isa #$CylinderFn #$ShapeFunction) (#$isa #$CylinderFn #$UnreifiableFunction) (#$isa #$CylinderFn #$UnreifiableFunction) (#$resultIsa #$CylinderFn #$Individual) (#$resultIsa #$CylinderFn (#$AbstractShapeTypeFn #$CylinderShape)) (#$comment #$CylinderShape "A specialization of #$ThreeDimensionalGeometricThing. Each instance of #$CylinderShape is a three-dimensional object bounded by a circular base and top. Examples include spatially localized objects, such as the cylinders that house pistons in an internal combustion engine, as well as abstract cylinders.") (#$genls #$CylinderShape #$Individual) (#$genls #$CylinderShape #$RoundThing) (#$genls #$CylinderShape #$ThreeDimensionalGeometricThing) (#$isa #$CylinderShape #$GenericShapeType) (#$isa #$CylinderShape #$ThreeDimensionalShapeType) (#$comment #$CylindricalHollowObject "A specialization of #$SolidTangibleThing; instances are characterized by a cylindrical, single-walled structure and a hollow interior. Examples include #$GunBarrels and #$Bottles. The structure in question must be 'long' enough to justify the appelation of 'hollow'. Borderline non-cases might include two-dimensional ringlike structures like wedding-rings.") (#$disjointWith #$CylindricalHollowObject #$SheetOfSomeStuff) (#$genls #$CylindricalHollowObject #$ContainerShapedObject) (#$genls #$CylindricalHollowObject #$Individual) (#$genls #$CylindricalHollowObject #$PartiallyTangible) (#$isa #$CylindricalHollowObject #$ExistingObjectType) (#$arg1Isa #$dailyHighTemperature #$GeographicalRegion) (#$arg1Isa #$dailyHighTemperature #$GeographicalRegion) (#$arg2Format #$dailyHighTemperature #$IntervalEntry) (#$arg2Format #$dailyHighTemperature #$IntervalEntry) (#$arg2Isa #$dailyHighTemperature #$Temperature) (#$arg2Isa #$dailyHighTemperature #$Temperature) (#$argFormat #$dailyHighTemperature 2 #$IntervalEntry) (#$argFormat #$dailyHighTemperature 2 #$IntervalEntry) (#$argIsa #$dailyHighTemperature 1 #$GeographicalRegion) (#$argIsa #$dailyHighTemperature 1 #$GeographicalRegion) (#$argIsa #$dailyHighTemperature 1 #$GeographicalRegion) (#$argIsa #$dailyHighTemperature 2 #$Temperature) (#$argIsa #$dailyHighTemperature 2 #$Temperature) (#$argIsa #$dailyHighTemperature 2 #$Temperature) (#$arity #$dailyHighTemperature 2) (#$comment #$dailyHighTemperature "(#$dailyHighTemperature PLACE TEMP) means that the #$Temperature TEMP is the high temperature for a day at the #$GeographicalRegion PLACE. #$dailyHighTemperature is typically used for a specified period of time (e.g., a particular day or a specific season); it may be used with generic temperature ranges as well as precise temperatures. Examples: using #$holdsIn, we can say that Austin's temperature for 7/20/96 is 102 degrees Fahrenheit; or we can say that for any #$SummerSeason, Austin's [typical] #$dailyHighTemperature is #$VeryHot.") (#$functionalInArgs #$dailyHighTemperature 2) (#$functionalInArgs #$dailyHighTemperature 2) (#$isa #$dailyHighTemperature #$IntervalBasedQuantitySlot) (#$comment #$DailyPersonalCleaning "A collection of events. Each #$DailyPersonalCleaning encompasses the standard cleaning and grooming activities that an animal engages in over the course of a day. Such a `daily routine' is almost sure to include many brief grooming and cleaning actions, such as licking one's paws, combing one's hair, washing one's hands, shaving, bathing, etc., and those are sub-events of that #$DailyPersonalCleaning event. For example, a human's #$DailyPersonalCleaning might have a #$TeethCleaning as one of its sub-events, along with a #$TakingABath, two instances of #$CombingHair, etc. Note: Those specialized kinds of events, like #$CombingHair, are NOT subsets of #$DailyPersonalCleaning, since it would be abnormal for someone to JUST comb their hair each day (and do absolutely no other daily cleaning activity whatsoever). Note: In the context #$HumanActivitiesMt --- where all the performers of actions are, by default, human beings --- #$DailyPersonalCleaning designates human grooming activities only. In that microtheory, dog-grooming performed by human beings does not constitute #$DailyPersonalCleaning, even if it happens on a daily basis for some pampered poodle, as it is not PERSONAL (i.e, self-) cleaning.") (#$genls #$DailyPersonalCleaning #$Cleaning) (#$genls #$DailyPersonalCleaning #$Individual) (#$isa #$DailyPersonalCleaning #$DefaultDisjointScriptType) (#$isa #$DailyPersonalCleaning #$MammalCapabilityType) (#$isa #$DailyPersonalCleaning #$TemporalObjectType) (#$comment #$DairyProduct "A specialization of #$FoodOrDrink and an instance of #$FoodGroup. Each instance of #$DairyProduct is a foodstuff that is milk or processed milk. Important specializations of #$DairyProduct include #$CowsMilk-Product, #$Cheese, #$Butter, and #$IceCream.") (#$genls #$DairyProduct #$EdibleStuff) (#$genls #$DairyProduct #$FoodOrDrink) (#$genls #$DairyProduct #$Individual) (#$genls #$DairyProduct #$OrganicStuff) (#$isa #$DairyProduct #$FoodGroup) (#$isa #$DairyProduct #$TangibleStuffCompositionType) (#$arg1Isa #$damages #$Event) (#$arg2Format #$damages #$SetTheFormat) (#$arg2Isa #$damages #$SomethingExisting) (#$argFormat #$damages 2 #$SetTheFormat) (#$argIsa #$damages 1 #$Event) (#$argIsa #$damages 1 #$Event) (#$argIsa #$damages 2 #$SomethingExisting) (#$argIsa #$damages 2 #$SomethingExisting) (#$arity #$damages 2) (#$comment #$damages "(#$damages EV OBJ) means that OBJ is acted on in EV in such a way as to end up damaged. Destruction is considered an extreme form of damage.") (#$genlPreds #$damages #$objectActedOn) (#$isa #$damages #$ActorSlot) (#$isa #$damages #$ActorUseTypeSlot) (#$minimizeExtent #$damages) (#$genls (#$DataArrayFn #$CharacterObject 1) #$Array-DataStructure) (#$genls (#$DataArrayFn #$FloatObject 1) #$Array-DataStructure) (#$genls (#$DataArrayFn #$CharacterObject 1) #$Individual) (#$genls (#$DataArrayFn #$FloatObject 1) #$Individual) (#$isa (#$DataArrayFn #$CharacterObject 1) #$ComputerDataType) (#$isa (#$DataArrayFn #$FloatObject 1) #$ComputerDataType) (#$isa (#$DataArrayFn #$CharacterObject 1) #$DefinedDataType) (#$isa (#$DataArrayFn #$FloatObject 1) #$DefinedDataType) (#$isa (#$DataArrayFn #$CharacterObject 1) #$LinguisticObjectType) (#$isa (#$DataArrayFn #$FloatObject 1) #$LinguisticObjectType) (#$arg1Isa #$DataArrayFn #$ComputerDataType) (#$arg1Isa #$DataArrayFn #$ComputerDataType) (#$arg2Isa #$DataArrayFn #$NonNegativeInteger) (#$arg2Isa #$DataArrayFn #$NonNegativeInteger) (#$argIsa #$DataArrayFn 1 #$ComputerDataType) (#$argIsa #$DataArrayFn 1 #$ComputerDataType) (#$argIsa #$DataArrayFn 1 #$ComputerDataType) (#$argIsa #$DataArrayFn 2 #$NonNegativeInteger) (#$argIsa #$DataArrayFn 2 #$NonNegativeInteger) (#$argIsa #$DataArrayFn 2 #$NonNegativeInteger) (#$arity #$DataArrayFn 2) (#$comment #$DataArrayFn "(#$DataArrayFn TYPE N) denotes the data type of arrays with N dimensions and elements of TYPE.") (#$interArgResultIsa #$DataArrayFn 1 #$DefinedDataType #$DefinedDataType) (#$isa #$DataArrayFn #$BinaryFunction) (#$isa #$DataArrayFn #$CollectionDenotingFunction) (#$isa #$DataArrayFn #$ReifiableFunction) (#$resultGenl #$DataArrayFn #$Array-DataStructure) (#$resultGenl #$DataArrayFn #$Individual) (#$resultIsa #$DataArrayFn #$ComputerDataType) (#$resultIsa #$DataArrayFn #$LinguisticObjectType) (#$comment #$Database-AbstractContent "The collection of all databases considered as abstract repositories of information rather than as physical storage devices. A database generally has some means of accessing the data from structured records, frames or relational structures, using some query language. A particular #$Database-AbstractContent may exist in multiple copies, and may be distributed over several different physical data storage sites: see also #$Database-Physical.") (#$genls #$Database-AbstractContent #$IndexedInformationSource) (#$genls #$Database-AbstractContent #$Individual) (#$isa #$Database-AbstractContent #$ObjectType) (#$isa #$Database-AbstractContent #$TemporalStuffType) (#$comment #$DatabaseClientProgram "A specialization of #$DatabaseProgram. Each instance of this collection is some instance of #$ComputerProgram-CW which presents information taken from a database (or databases) to the user -- often mediating between the user and one or more #$DatabaseServerProgram.") (#$genls #$DatabaseClientProgram #$ClientProgram) (#$genls #$DatabaseClientProgram #$DatabaseProgram) (#$genls #$DatabaseClientProgram #$Individual) (#$isa #$DatabaseClientProgram #$ObjectType) (#$isa #$DatabaseClientProgram #$TemporalStuffType) (#$comment #$Database-Physical "A specialization of both #$InformationBearingObject and #$StructuredKnowledgeSource. Each instance of #$Database-Physical is an IBO (either hardcopy or electronic) that stores many pieces of information, organized for easy scanning and access. Typically, a database involves one or more formatted data record schemes, together with some functionality for searching and retrieving data. Note that, as an IBO, an instance of #$Database-Physical is some particular, tangible copy of a database. To refer to the abstract \"content\" of a database, use #$Database-AbstractContent, which is a specialization of #$AbstractInformationalThing. For computer programs which deal with databases, see #$DatabaseProgram.") (#$disjointWith #$Database-Physical #$HumanAccessibleIBO) (#$genls #$Database-Physical #$Individual) (#$genls #$Database-Physical #$InformationBearingObject) (#$isa #$Database-Physical #$ExistingObjectType) (#$comment #$DatabaseProgram "A specialization of #$ApplicationProgram. Each instance of this collection is an instance of #$ComputerProgram-CW which has something (where this is deliberately left vague) to do with database usage or maintenance. Its major specializations are #$DatabaseServerProgram and #$DatabaseClientProgram (though the odd case will not fit under either of these -- for example programs which repair fragmented databases). See also #$Database-Physical, #$Database-AbstractContent.") (#$genls #$DatabaseProgram #$ApplicationProgram) (#$genls #$DatabaseProgram #$Individual) (#$isa #$DatabaseProgram #$ObjectType) (#$isa #$DatabaseProgram #$TemporalStuffType) (#$comment #$DatabaseServerProgram "A specialization of #$DatabaseProgram. Each instance of this collection is some instance of #$ComputerProgram-CW which stores and manages databases, often presenting that information to #$DatabaseClientPrograms. See also #$RelationalDatabaseServerProgram.") (#$genls #$DatabaseServerProgram #$DatabaseProgram) (#$genls #$DatabaseServerProgram #$Individual) (#$genls #$DatabaseServerProgram #$ServerProgram) (#$isa #$DatabaseServerProgram #$ObjectType) (#$isa #$DatabaseServerProgram #$TemporalStuffType) (#$comment #$DataForNLMt "This #$DataMicrotheory serves as the #$genlMt link for all instances of #$LexicalMicrotheory. Such a link is necessary because semantic mapping assertions can only be made in a lexical microtheory that can 'see' the microtheory in which the #$CycLExpression being denoted was defined.") (#$genlMt #$DataForNLMt #$BaseKB) (#$genlMt #$DataForNLMt #$CommonLispProgrammingLanguageMt) (#$genlMt #$DataForNLMt #$ComputerSecurityMt) (#$genlMt #$DataForNLMt #$CSyntaxProgrammingLanguageMt) (#$genlMt #$DataForNLMt #$CyclistsMt) (#$genlMt #$DataForNLMt #$LispSyntaxProgrammingLanguageMt) (#$genlMt #$DataForNLMt #$ModernMilitaryMt) (#$genlMt #$DataForNLMt #$ModernMilitaryTacticsMt) (#$genlMt #$DataForNLMt #$NaiveStateChangeVocabularyMt) (#$genlMt #$DataForNLMt #$NameStringDefinitionMt) (#$genlMt #$DataForNLMt #$WorldLikeOursCollectorMt) (#$isa #$DataForNLMt #$DataMicrotheory) (#$comment #$DataMicrotheory "A specialization of #$DeclarativeContext (q.v.). An instance of #$DataMicrotheory contains information about particular #$Individuals of a certain kind (such as specific #$Persons, #$Organizations, #$GeographicalRegions, or #$ConceptualWorks). Data microtheories thus typically contain mostly GAFs (see #$CycLClosedAtomicSentence) and few rules. For example, #$PeopleDataMt contains lots of information about individual #$Persons, but no rules about persons generally. Contrast with #$GeneralMicrotheory.") (#$disjointWith #$DataMicrotheory #$TheoryMicrotheory) (#$genls #$DataMicrotheory #$DeclarativeContext) (#$genls #$DataMicrotheory #$Microtheory) (#$isa #$DataMicrotheory #$AtemporalNecessarilyEssentialCollectionType) (#$isa #$DataMicrotheory #$MicrotheoryType) (#$comment #$DataStream "This generic data type encapsluates the concept of streams in programming languages. This includes all streams, including Input and Output streams, as well as Byte and Character streams.") (#$genls #$DataStream #$Individual) (#$genls #$DataStream #$ProgramObject) (#$isa #$DataStream #$ComputerDataType) (#$isa #$DataStream #$LinguisticObjectType) (#$comment #$Date "A specialization of #$TimeInterval. Each instance of #$Date is a temporally continuous instance of #$TimeInterval which can be defined purely by its location on a particular calendar. Thus, an instance of #$Date could be a particular calendar day, calendar quarter, calendar month, or decade.") (#$genls #$Date #$Individual) (#$genls #$Date #$TimeInterval) (#$isa #$Date #$TemporalObjectType) (#$arg1Isa #$DateAfterFn #$Date) (#$arg2Isa #$DateAfterFn #$Time-Quantity) (#$argIsa #$DateAfterFn 1 #$Date) (#$argIsa #$DateAfterFn 1 #$Date) (#$argIsa #$DateAfterFn 2 #$Time-Quantity) (#$argIsa #$DateAfterFn 2 #$Time-Quantity) (#$arity #$DateAfterFn 2) (#$comment #$DateAfterFn "An instance of #$DateDenotingFunction. When applied to an instance DATE of #$Date and an instance DUR of #$Time-Quantity, #$DateAfterFn returns the instance of #$Date which is DUR amount of time (truncated to the resolution of DATE) after DATE. For example, (#$DateAfterFn (#$YearFn 1950) (#$DecadesDuration 1)) is (#$YearFn 1960) and (#$DateAfterFn (#$DayFn 31 (#$MonthFn #$December (#$YearFn 1999))) (#$HoursDuration 47)) is (#$DayFn 1 (#$MonthFn #$January (#$YearFn 2000))) See also #$DateBeforeFn, #$TimeElapsedFn.") (#$isa #$DateAfterFn #$BinaryFunction) (#$isa #$DateAfterFn #$DateDenotingFunction) (#$isa #$DateAfterFn #$EvaluatableFunction) (#$resultIsa #$DateAfterFn #$Date) (#$resultIsa #$DateAfterFn #$Individual) (#$arg1Isa #$DateBeforeFn #$Date) (#$arg2Isa #$DateBeforeFn #$Time-Quantity) (#$argIsa #$DateBeforeFn 1 #$Date) (#$argIsa #$DateBeforeFn 1 #$Date) (#$argIsa #$DateBeforeFn 2 #$Time-Quantity) (#$argIsa #$DateBeforeFn 2 #$Time-Quantity) (#$arity #$DateBeforeFn 2) (#$comment #$DateBeforeFn "An instance of #$DateDenotingFunction. When applied to an instance DATE of #$Date and an instance DUR of #$Time-Quantity, #$DateBeforeFn returns the instance of #$Date which is DUR amount of time (truncated to the resolution of DATE) before DATE. For example, (#$DateBeforeFn (#$YearFn 1950) (#$DecadesDuration 1)) is (#$YearFn 1940) and (#$DateBeforeFn (#$DayFn 1 (#$MonthFn #$January (#$YearFn 1950))) (#$HoursDuration 23)) is still (#$DayFn 1 (#$MonthFn #$January (#$YearFn 1950))). See also #$DateAfterFn, #$TimeElapsedFn.") (#$isa #$DateBeforeFn #$BinaryFunction) (#$isa #$DateBeforeFn #$DateDenotingFunction) (#$isa #$DateBeforeFn #$EvaluatableFunction) (#$resultIsa #$DateBeforeFn #$Date) (#$resultIsa #$DateBeforeFn #$Individual) (#$arg1Isa #$DateDecodeStringFn #$CharacterString) (#$arg2Isa #$DateDecodeStringFn #$CharacterString) (#$argIsa #$DateDecodeStringFn 1 #$CharacterString) (#$argIsa #$DateDecodeStringFn 1 #$CharacterString) (#$argIsa #$DateDecodeStringFn 2 #$CharacterString) (#$argIsa #$DateDecodeStringFn 2 #$CharacterString) (#$arity #$DateDecodeStringFn 2) (#$comment #$DateDecodeStringFn "(#$DateDecodeStringFn TEMPLATE DATE-STRING) returns a #$Date which is the result of decoding DATE-STRING by the format described by the TEMPLATE string. For example, (#$DateDecodeStringFn 'MM/DD/YYYY' '07/20/1969') would return (#$DayFn 20 (#$MonthFn #$July (#$YearFn 1969))). See also #$DateEncodeStringFn.") (#$isa #$DateDecodeStringFn #$BinaryFunction) (#$isa #$DateDecodeStringFn #$CoreConstant) (#$isa #$DateDecodeStringFn #$DateDenotingFunction) (#$isa #$DateDecodeStringFn #$EvaluatableFunction) (#$isa #$DateDecodeStringFn #$IndividualDenotingFunction) (#$resultIsa #$DateDecodeStringFn #$Date) (#$resultIsa #$DateDecodeStringFn #$Individual) (#$comment #$DateDenotingFunction "#$DateDenotingFunction is a specialization of #$IndividualDenotingFunction. For each function FN, FN is an instance of #$DateDenotingFunction if and only if (1) FN is an instance of #$IndividualDenotingFunction, (2) FN is not a #$SkolemFunction, and (3) (#$resultIsa FN COL) holds for some specialization COL of #$Date.") (#$genls #$DateDenotingFunction #$IndividualDenotingFunction) (#$isa #$DateDenotingFunction #$FunctionCategory) (#$arg1Isa #$DateEncodeStringFn #$CharacterString) (#$arg2Isa #$DateEncodeStringFn #$Date) (#$argIsa #$DateEncodeStringFn 1 #$CharacterString) (#$argIsa #$DateEncodeStringFn 1 #$CharacterString) (#$argIsa #$DateEncodeStringFn 2 #$Date) (#$argIsa #$DateEncodeStringFn 2 #$Date) (#$arity #$DateEncodeStringFn 2) (#$comment #$DateEncodeStringFn "(#$DateEncodeStringFn TEMPLATE DATE) returns a string encoding of DATE (an instance of #$Date) in the format described by the TEMPLATE string. For example, (#$DateEncodeStringFn 'MM/DD/YYYY' (#$DayFn 20 (#$MonthFn #$July (#$YearFn 1969)))) would return '07/20/1969'. See also #$DateDecodeStringFn.") (#$isa #$DateEncodeStringFn #$BinaryFunction) (#$isa #$DateEncodeStringFn #$CoreConstant) (#$isa #$DateEncodeStringFn #$EvaluatableFunction) (#$isa #$DateEncodeStringFn #$IndividualDenotingFunction) (#$resultIsa #$DateEncodeStringFn #$List) (#$resultIsa #$DateEncodeStringFn #$SubLString) (#$arg1Isa #$dateOfDeath #$Entity) (#$arg2Isa #$dateOfDeath #$Date) (#$argIsa #$dateOfDeath 2 #$Date) (#$argIsa #$dateOfDeath 2 #$Date) (#$argIsa #$dateOfDeath 1 #$Entity) (#$argIsa #$dateOfDeath 1 #$Entity) (#$arity #$dateOfDeath 2) (#$comment #$dateOfDeath "(#$dateOfDeath X Y) indicates that the #$Entity X ceased to exist during #$Date Y. For people, this is the date at which they died, hence the name of the predicate. The first argument to this predicate must be an #$Entity, and not just any old #$SomethingExisting, because we don't want to talk about the #$birthDate or #$dateOfDeath of a subabstraction like AlbertEinsteinWhileAtPrinceton; in other words, proper subabstractions will have #$startingDates and #$endingDates, but only true #$Entitys will have a #$birthDate or #$dateOfDeath") (#$genlPreds #$dateOfDeath #$endingDate) (#$intraArgReln #$dateOfDeath 2 #$temporallyIntersects) (#$isa #$dateOfDeath #$BinaryPredicate) (#$isa #$dateOfDeath #$ComplexTemporalPredicate) (#$arg1Isa #$dateOfEvent #$TemporalThing) (#$arg2Isa #$dateOfEvent #$Date) (#$argIsa #$dateOfEvent 2 #$Date) (#$argIsa #$dateOfEvent 2 #$Date) (#$argIsa #$dateOfEvent 1 #$TemporalThing) (#$argIsa #$dateOfEvent 1 #$TemporalThing) (#$arity #$dateOfEvent 2) (#$comment #$dateOfEvent "This predicate relates an event and the calendar date on which it transpired. So (#$dateOfEvent EVENT DATE) says that EVENT both starts and ends during DATE. For example, (#$dateOfEvent #$GettysburgAddress-Speech (#$DayFn 19 (#$MonthFn #$November (#$YearFn 1863)))). means that #$AbrahamLincoln started talking one famous day and also finished on that day. One should verify this condition: in fact your birthday is determined by the #$endingDate of your #$BirthEvent; the #$dateOfEvent may not be clear. See also #$occursDuring.") (#$genlInverse #$dateOfEvent #$temporallySubsumes) (#$genlPreds #$dateOfEvent #$endingDate) (#$genlPreds #$dateOfEvent #$startingDate) (#$intraArgReln #$dateOfEvent 2 #$temporallyIntersects) (#$isa #$dateOfEvent #$ComplexTemporalPredicate) (#$isa #$dateOfEvent #$ReflexiveBinaryPredicate) (#$isa #$dateOfEvent #$TransitiveBinaryPredicate) (#$comment #$Dawn "A specialization of #$Twilight. Each instance of #$Dawn is a period of time just before an instance of #$Sunrise (q.v.) during which the sky is partially and indirectly illuminated by the sun.") (#$disjointWith #$Dawn #$Dusk) (#$genls #$Dawn #$Individual) (#$genls #$Dawn #$Twilight) (#$isa #$Dawn #$TemporalObjectType) (#$arg1Isa #$DayFn (#$IntegerFromFn 1 31)) (#$arg2Isa #$DayFn #$CalendarMonth) (#$argIsa #$DayFn 2 #$CalendarMonth) (#$argIsa #$DayFn 2 #$CalendarMonth) (#$argIsa #$DayFn 1 (#$IntegerFromFn 1 31)) (#$argIsa #$DayFn 1 (#$IntegerFromFn 1 31)) (#$arity #$DayFn 2) (#$comment #$DayFn "An instance of #$DateDenotingFunction. When applied to an integer in the range 1 through 31 and an instance of #$CalendarMonth, #$DayFn returns an instance of #$CalendarDay. (#$DayFn DAY MONTH) denotes day number DAY of MONTH. For example, (#$DayFn 14 (#$MonthFn #$February (#$YearFn 1966))) denotes Feb. 14th, 1966.") (#$isa #$DayFn #$BinaryFunction) (#$isa #$DayFn #$DateDenotingFunction) (#$isa #$DayFn #$UnreifiableFunction) (#$resultIsa #$DayFn #$CalendarDay) (#$resultIsa #$DayFn #$Individual) (#$comment #$DayOfWeekType "A collection of collections and a specialization of #$WeeklyTemporalObjectType. Each instance of #$DayOfWeekType is a collection of #$CalendarDays, all of whose instances correspond to the same particular \"day of the week\" in the respective weeks in which they occur. For example, #$Monday -- the collection of all mondays -- is an instance of #$DayOfWeekType.") (#$genls #$DayOfWeekType #$ConventionallyClassifiedDisjointTimeIntervalType) (#$genls #$DayOfWeekType #$TemporalObjectType) (#$genls #$DayOfWeekType #$WeeklyTemporalObjectType) (#$isa #$DayOfWeekType #$CollectionType) (#$isa #$DayOfWeekType #$CollectionType) (#$isa #$DayOfWeekType #$CoreConstant) (#$isa #$DayOfWeekType #$CyclicalIntervalGroupType) (#$isa #$DayOfWeekType #$SecondOrderCollection) (#$isa #$DayOfWeekType #$SiblingDisjointCollectionType) (#$typeGenls #$DayOfWeekType #$CalendarDay) (#$argIsa #$DaysDuration 0 #$SubLRealNumber) (#$argsIsa #$DaysDuration #$SubLRealNumber) (#$argsIsa #$DaysDuration #$SubLRealNumber) (#$arityMax #$DaysDuration 2) (#$arityMax #$DaysDuration 2) (#$arityMin #$DaysDuration 1) (#$arityMin #$DaysDuration 1) (#$comment #$DaysDuration "A #$UnitOfTime function that takes one or two real numbers as arguments and returns, as its value, a comparable #$Time-Quantity attribute measured in years. More precisely, an expression of the form (#$DaysDuration NUM) denotes the (\"point-value\") #$Time-Quantity of being exactly NUM days in duration, and an expression of the form (#$YearsDuration MIN MAX) denotes the (properly interval-like) #$Time-Quantity of being at least MIN days and at most MAX days in duration.") (#$isa #$DaysDuration #$UnitOfMeasureNoPrefix) (#$isa #$DaysDuration #$UnitOfTime) (#$resultIsa #$DaysDuration #$Individual) (#$resultIsa #$DaysDuration #$ScalarInterval) (#$resultIsa #$DaysDuration #$Time-Quantity) (#$comment #$DaytimeWorkingHours "A specialization of #$TimeOfDay. Each instance of #$DaytimeWorkingHours is a time interval during which most members of a working population perform their daily jobs. Instances of #$DaytimeWorkingHours will vary in their respective durations, starting points, and ending points (see the constants #$duration, #$startingPoint, and #$endingPoint), according to which group of workers is being considered.") (#$genls #$DaytimeWorkingHours #$Individual) (#$genls #$DaytimeWorkingHours #$TimeOfDay) (#$isa #$DaytimeWorkingHours #$TemporalObjectType) (#$arg1Genl #$DBEntryFn #$Thing) (#$arg1Isa #$DBEntryFn #$Collection) (#$arg2Isa #$DBEntryFn #$ObjectType) (#$arg3Isa #$DBEntryFn #$SubLAtom) (#$argGenl #$DBEntryFn 1 #$Thing) (#$argGenl #$DBEntryFn 1 #$Thing) (#$argIsa #$DBEntryFn 1 #$Collection) (#$argIsa #$DBEntryFn 1 #$Collection) (#$argIsa #$DBEntryFn 2 #$ObjectType) (#$argIsa #$DBEntryFn 3 #$SubLAtom) (#$argIsa #$DBEntryFn 3 #$SubLAtom) (#$arity #$DBEntryFn 3) (#$comment #$DBEntryFn "The result of applying #$DBEntryFn to its arguments is an instance of ARG1, which (usually) can be uniquely identified by the ID string ARG3 which is an ID of type ARG2. This function is used to produce temporary DB entry objects (Cyc constants) which correspond to entities in database tables.") (#$isa #$DBEntryFn #$ReifiableFunction) (#$isa #$DBEntryFn #$TernaryFunction) (#$resultIsaArg #$DBEntryFn 1) (#$resultIsaArg #$DBEntryFn 1) (#$resultIsa #$DBEntryFn #$Thing) (#$resultIsa #$DBEntryFn #$Thing) (#$comment #$DeadAnimal "A specialization of #$OrganicStuff (and not, of course, of #$Animal, whose instances must be alive). Each instance of #$DeadAnimal is a corpse or partial remains of an individual animal, somewhat intact, and prior to any butchering, burning, cooking, dissolving, or fully decomposing.") (#$disjointWith #$DeadAnimal #$HumanlyOccupiedSpatialObject) (#$disjointWith #$DeadAnimal #$Water) (#$genls #$DeadAnimal #$InanimateThing-Natural) (#$genls #$DeadAnimal #$Individual) (#$genls #$DeadAnimal #$OrganicStuff) (#$isa #$DeadAnimal #$ExistingObjectType) (#$arg1Isa #$deadEndInSystem #$Thing) (#$arg1Isa #$deadEndInSystem #$Thing) (#$arg2Isa #$deadEndInSystem #$PathSystem) (#$arg2Isa #$deadEndInSystem #$PathSystem) (#$argIsa #$deadEndInSystem 2 #$PathSystem) (#$argIsa #$deadEndInSystem 2 #$PathSystem) (#$argIsa #$deadEndInSystem 2 #$PathSystem) (#$argIsa #$deadEndInSystem 1 #$Thing) (#$argIsa #$deadEndInSystem 1 #$Thing) (#$argIsa #$deadEndInSystem 1 #$Thing) (#$arity #$deadEndInSystem 2) (#$arity #$deadEndInSystem 2) (#$comment #$deadEndInSystem "A #$PathSystemCycLConstant that is a specialization of #$nodeInSystem. (#$deadEndInSystem END SYS) means that END is a dead-end node in the #$PathSystem SYS. A node END in SYS is a dead-end node in SYS if there is exactly one link LINK in SYS that END is on and END is not on any loop in SYS. One easy way to illustrate a deadend END in SYS is to picture it as a node with only one path (possibly very \"short\") in the system through which one can approach or leave END. Note that no totally isolated node in SYS can be a deadend in SYS, nor can any point in SYS that is on a loop in SYS. If there is no specified path-system in which the path ends, but the ending is a dead end of a #$Path-Customary like a road or wire, then use #$pathTerminus instead.") (#$genlPreds #$deadEndInSystem #$nodeInSystem) (#$isa #$deadEndInSystem #$AsymmetricBinaryPredicate) (#$isa #$deadEndInSystem #$PathSystemCycLConstant) (#$negationInverse #$deadEndInSystem #$deadEndInSystem) (#$negationInverse #$deadEndInSystem #$deadEndInSystem) (#$comment #$DeadLanguage "A specialization of #$NaturalLanguage. Each instance of #$DeadLanguage is a natural language that is no longer spoken as a native language (though written texts may survive and continue to be interpretable -- as is the case with #$LatinLanguage).") (#$disjointWith #$DeadLanguage #$LivingLanguage) (#$genls #$DeadLanguage #$Individual) (#$genls #$DeadLanguage #$NaturalLanguage) (#$isa #$DeadLanguage #$LanguageGroupingType) (#$isa #$DeadLanguage #$ObjectType) (#$comment #$DeadTerm "#$DeadTerm is a term used internally by the Cyc inference engine as a placeholder for a reference to a constant or NAT which has been killed but which is somehow erroneously still referenced.") (#$isa #$DeadTerm #$Thing) (#$arg1Isa #$dealerFor #$RetailOrganization) (#$arg1Isa #$dealerFor #$RetailOrganization) (#$arg2Isa #$dealerFor #$ManufacturingOrganization) (#$arg2Isa #$dealerFor #$ManufacturingOrganization) (#$argIsa #$dealerFor 2 #$ManufacturingOrganization) (#$argIsa #$dealerFor 2 #$ManufacturingOrganization) (#$argIsa #$dealerFor 2 #$ManufacturingOrganization) (#$argIsa #$dealerFor 1 #$RetailOrganization) (#$argIsa #$dealerFor 1 #$RetailOrganization) (#$argIsa #$dealerFor 1 #$RetailOrganization) (#$arity #$dealerFor 2) (#$comment #$dealerFor "The predicate #$dealerFor relates a retailer to the manufacturer(s) whose products are sold by that retailer. (#$dealerFor RETAILER MANUF) means that the #$RetailOrganization RETAILER is a dealer for products made by the #$ManufacturingOrganization MANUF. RETAILER may be only one of many dealers. RETAIL sells MANUF's products to the final consumers.") (#$genlPreds #$dealerFor #$temporallyIntersects) (#$isa #$dealerFor #$BinaryPredicate) (#$arg1Isa #$DeathFn #$BiologicalLivingObject) (#$arg1Isa #$DeathFn #$BiologicalLivingObject) (#$argIsa #$DeathFn 1 #$BiologicalLivingObject) (#$argIsa #$DeathFn 1 #$BiologicalLivingObject) (#$argIsa #$DeathFn 1 #$BiologicalLivingObject) (#$arity #$DeathFn 1) (#$comment #$DeathFn "A #$PartialDenotationalFunction (q.v.)that maps a given #$BiologicalLivingObject that has died to the event of its death. If BLO has died, then (#$DeathFn BLO) is the event that is the death of BLO (see #$DyingOfBLO); otherwise #$DeathFn is undefined for BLO. See also the corresponding predicate #$deathOf.") (#$functionCorrespondingPredicate-Canonical #$DeathFn #$deathOf 1) (#$isa #$DeathFn #$IndividualDenotingFunction) (#$isa #$DeathFn #$PartialDenotationalFunction) (#$isa #$DeathFn #$ReifiableFunction) (#$isa #$DeathFn #$UnaryFunction) (#$resultIsa #$DeathFn #$DyingOfBLO) (#$resultIsa #$DeathFn #$Individual) (#$arg1Isa #$deathOf #$DyingOfBLO) (#$arg2Isa #$deathOf #$BiologicalLivingObject) (#$argIsa #$deathOf 2 #$BiologicalLivingObject) (#$argIsa #$deathOf 1 #$DyingOfBLO) (#$arity #$deathOf 2) (#$comment #$deathOf "An #$ActorSlot and specialization of both #$inputsDestroyed and #$doneBy that relates a given living thing (see #$BiologicalLivingObject) to the event of its death (see #$DyingOfBLO). (#$deathOf DEATH BLO) means that DEATH is the event of BLO's dying.") (#$genlPreds #$deathOf #$doneBy) (#$genlPreds #$deathOf #$inputsDestroyed) (#$isa #$deathOf #$ActorSlot) (#$isa #$deathOf #$StrictlyFunctionalSlot) (#$relationAllExists #$deathOf #$DyingOfBLO #$BiologicalLivingObject) (#$relationAllExists #$deathOf #$DyingOfBLO #$PartiallyTangible) (#$strictlyFunctionalInArgs #$deathOf 1) (#$strictlyFunctionalInArgs #$deathOf 2) (#$comment #$DebuggingAComputerProgram "A collection of events, and a specialization of #$SimpleRepairing. In each #$DebuggingAComputerProgram event, a computer program is tested, analyzed, and modified (perhaps repeatedly) in order to remove unwanted features, restore intended functionality, etc. This is more of a #$TemporalStuffType than a #$TemporalObjectType (i.e., more substance-like than object-like), since each `portion' of the total #$DebuggingAComputerProgram event is itself a small #$DebuggingAComputerProgram event.") (#$genls #$DebuggingAComputerProgram #$ComputerActivity) (#$genls #$DebuggingAComputerProgram #$Individual) (#$genls #$DebuggingAComputerProgram #$LearnedActivity) (#$genls #$DebuggingAComputerProgram #$SimpleRepairing) (#$genls #$DebuggingAComputerProgram #$UsingADevice) (#$isa #$DebuggingAComputerProgram #$DefaultDisjointScriptType) (#$isa #$DebuggingAComputerProgram #$TemporalObjectType) (#$arg1Isa #$DecadeFn #$NonNegativeInteger) (#$argIsa #$DecadeFn 1 #$NonNegativeInteger) (#$argIsa #$DecadeFn 1 #$NonNegativeInteger) (#$arity #$DecadeFn 1) (#$comment #$DecadeFn "An instance of #$DateDenotingFunction. When applied to an instance of #$NonNegativeInteger, #$DecadeFn returns an instance of #$CalendarDecade. (#$DecadeFn NUMBER) denotes the instance of #$CalendarDecade consisting of (#$YearFn (#$TimesFn NUMBER 10) ), (#$YearFn (#$PlusFn (#$TimesFn NUMBER 10) 1)) , ... , and(#$YearFn (#$PlusFn (#$TimesFn NUMBER 10) 9)). For example, (#$DecadeFn 197) refers to the 1970s.") (#$isa #$DecadeFn #$DateDenotingFunction) (#$isa #$DecadeFn #$IndividualDenotingFunction) (#$isa #$DecadeFn #$TotalDenotationalFunction) (#$isa #$DecadeFn #$UnaryFunction) (#$isa #$DecadeFn #$UnreifiableFunction) (#$resultIsa #$DecadeFn #$CalendarDecade) (#$resultIsa #$DecadeFn #$Individual) (#$argIsa #$DecadesDuration 0 #$SubLRealNumber) (#$argsIsa #$DecadesDuration #$SubLRealNumber) (#$argsIsa #$DecadesDuration #$SubLRealNumber) (#$arityMax #$DecadesDuration 2) (#$arityMax #$DecadesDuration 2) (#$arityMin #$DecadesDuration 1) (#$arityMin #$DecadesDuration 1) (#$comment #$DecadesDuration "A #$UnitOfTime function that takes one or two real numbers as arguments and returns, as its value, a comparable #$Time-Quantity attribute measured in decades. More precisely, an expression of the form (#$DecadesDuration NUM) denotes the (\"point-value\") #$Time-Quantity of being exactly NUM decades in duration, and an expression of the form (#$DecadesDuration MIN MAX) denotes the (properly interval-like) #$Time-Quantity of being at least MIN decades and at most MAX decades in duration.") (#$isa #$DecadesDuration #$UnitOfMeasureNoPrefix) (#$isa #$DecadesDuration #$UnitOfTime) (#$resultIsa #$DecadesDuration #$Individual) (#$resultIsa #$DecadesDuration #$ScalarInterval) (#$resultIsa #$DecadesDuration #$Time-Quantity) (#$comment #$Decagon "The collection of all ten-sided #$Polygons. Note also that each instance has ten angles.") (#$disjointWith #$Decagon #$Hexagon) (#$disjointWith #$Decagon #$Nonagon) (#$disjointWith #$Decagon #$Octagon) (#$genls #$Decagon #$Individual) (#$genls #$Decagon #$Polygon) (#$isa #$Decagon #$GenericShapeType) (#$isa #$Decagon #$TwoDimensionalShapeType) (#$siblingDisjointExceptions #$Decagon #$EquilateralShaped) (#$comment #$December "A specialization of #$CalendarMonth. Each instance of #$December is the twelth and final month of a particular year in the #$GregorianCalendar (q.v.).") (#$genls #$December #$CalendarMonth) (#$genls #$December #$CalendarMonth) (#$genls #$December #$Individual) (#$isa #$December #$Collection) (#$isa #$December #$CoreConstant) (#$isa #$December #$MonthOfYearType) (#$temporallySubsumes-TypeType #$December #$CalendarMonth) (#$comment #$DecidingWhichInstrumentPredicateToUse "Which instrument predicate you use depends on what level of generality you wish your statement to apply at. One help is to look at the argument types of each instrument predicate and decide. Do you want it to apply to every #$PartiallyTangible which is an instrument? Then use #$instrument-Generic since #$PartiallyTangible is its #$arg2Isa. Are you writing a rule which really only applies to #$PhysicalDevices? Then use #$deviceUsed. But be careful! When you use a more specific predicate such as #$deviceUsed it may have special extra conditions in its definition aside from the #$PhysicalDevice #$arg2Isa constraint. Also if your first stab at the rule involves #$deviceUsed in the antecedent, see if it applies more generally to #$instrument-Generic.") (#$isa #$DecidingWhichInstrumentPredicateToUse #$List) (#$isa #$DecidingWhichInstrumentPredicateToUse #$SharedNote) (#$comment #$DeciduousPlant "A specialization of #$Plant-Woody. Each instance of #$DeciduousPlant is a plant which sheds all of its leaves once a year, seasonally, and subsequently grows new ones. Cf. #$EvergreenPlant.") (#$disjointWith #$DeciduousPlant #$EvergreenPlant) (#$genls #$DeciduousPlant #$Individual) (#$genls #$DeciduousPlant #$Plant-Woody) (#$isa #$DeciduousPlant #$ExistingObjectType) (#$comment #$DeclarativeContext "The collection of all contexts [#$Microtheory] which assert facts and rules about some world or facet of a world. This is disjoint with #$PropositionalAttitudeContext which refers to groups of assertions which have the property of having some specific relationship with a sentient beings internal state (beliefs, hopes, goals, questions, etc.). It is necessary, but not sufficient for a context to be a #$DeclarativeContext in order to derive new assertions in it. A #$SourceMicrotheory or #$PropositionalInformationThing contains assertions that are expressly in some source. Assertions that can be derived from those assertions are NOT expressly in such sources and so should not be derived within them, even though they may be instances of #$DeclarativeContext.") (#$genls #$DeclarativeContext #$Microtheory) (#$isa #$DeclarativeContext #$MicrotheoryType) (#$comment #$Decoding "The collection of events where some data in an #$InformationBearingThing are transformed from a complex/compressed format to a more usable or natural format.") (#$genls #$Decoding #$IBTRecoding) (#$genls #$Decoding #$Individual) (#$isa #$Decoding #$TemporalObjectType) (#$comment #$DecomposableSituationPredicate "A specialization of #$SituationPredicate (q.v.). Each instance of #$DecomposableSituationPredicate is such that a task specification formed with it may decompose into further situations, in contrast to task specifications formed with instances of #$SimpleSituationPredicate (q.v.). Note that whether a predicate is an instance of #$SimpleSituationPredicate or #$DecomposableSituationPredicate depends on context.") (#$genls #$DecomposableSituationPredicate #$SituationPredicate) (#$isa #$DecomposableSituationPredicate #$Collection) (#$isa #$DecomposableSituationPredicate #$PredicateCategory) (#$comment #$DecompositionEvent "The collection of events in which one or more objects decompose more or less completely. See also the more general concept #$DecompositionProcess, in whose instances objects at least partially decompose.") (#$genls #$DecompositionEvent #$DecompositionProcess) (#$genls #$DecompositionEvent #$Individual) (#$isa #$DecompositionEvent #$DefaultDisjointScriptType) (#$isa #$DecompositionEvent #$TemporalObjectType) (#$siblingDisjointExceptions #$DecompositionEvent #$BiologicalEvent) (#$siblingDisjointExceptions #$DecompositionEvent #$BodilyFunctionEvent) (#$siblingDisjointExceptions #$DecompositionEvent #$BodilyFunctionEvent-Involuntary) (#$siblingDisjointExceptions #$DecompositionEvent #$TranslationAlongInternalLivingStructure) (#$comment #$DecompositionProcess "A specialization of both #$SeparationEvent and #$PhysicalTransformationProcess. Each instance of #$DecompositionProcess is an event in which some object's matter undergoes chemical reactions (sometimes mediated by microorganisms) that result in the object losing its shape and other material characteristics.") (#$genls #$DecompositionProcess #$Individual) (#$genls #$DecompositionProcess #$PhysicalTransformationProcess) (#$genls #$DecompositionProcess #$SeparationEvent) (#$isa #$DecompositionProcess #$DefaultDisjointScriptType) (#$isa #$DecompositionProcess #$TemporalStuffType) (#$siblingDisjointExceptions #$DecompositionProcess #$BiologicalDestructionEvent) (#$siblingDisjointExceptions #$DecompositionProcess #$BiologicalEvent) (#$siblingDisjointExceptions #$DecompositionProcess #$BodilyFunctionEvent) (#$siblingDisjointExceptions #$DecompositionProcess #$BodilyFunctionEvent-Involuntary) (#$siblingDisjointExceptions #$DecompositionProcess #$BodyMovementEvent) (#$siblingDisjointExceptions #$DecompositionProcess #$EnergyConversionProcess) (#$siblingDisjointExceptions #$DecompositionProcess #$InvoluntaryBodyMovement) (#$siblingDisjointExceptions #$DecompositionProcess #$PhysiologicalProcess) (#$siblingDisjointExceptions #$DecompositionProcess #$TranslationAlongInternalLivingStructure) (#$arg1Genl #$decontextualizedCollection #$Thing) (#$arg1Isa #$decontextualizedCollection #$Collection) (#$argGenl #$decontextualizedCollection 1 #$Thing) (#$argGenl #$decontextualizedCollection 1 #$Thing) (#$argIsa #$decontextualizedCollection 1 #$Collection) (#$argIsa #$decontextualizedCollection 1 #$Collection) (#$arity #$decontextualizedCollection 1) (#$comment #$decontextualizedCollection "(#$decontextualizedCollection COL) states that COL is a collection in which membership is context-independent. In effect, any instance of COL is an instance of COL in every microtheory.") (#$isa #$decontextualizedCollection #$CoreConstant) (#$isa #$decontextualizedCollection #$UnaryPredicate) (#$relationAll #$decontextualizedCollection #$AtemporalNecessarilyEssentialCollectionType) (#$arg1Genl #$decontextualizedCollectionConventionMt #$Thing) (#$arg1Isa #$decontextualizedCollectionConventionMt #$Collection) (#$arg2Format #$decontextualizedCollectionConventionMt #$singleEntryFormatInArgs) (#$arg2Isa #$decontextualizedCollectionConventionMt #$Microtheory) (#$argFormat #$decontextualizedCollectionConventionMt 2 #$singleEntryFormatInArgs) (#$argGenl #$decontextualizedCollectionConventionMt 1 #$Thing) (#$argGenl #$decontextualizedCollectionConventionMt 1 #$Thing) (#$argIsa #$decontextualizedCollectionConventionMt 1 #$Collection) (#$argIsa #$decontextualizedCollectionConventionMt 1 #$Collection) (#$argIsa #$decontextualizedCollectionConventionMt 2 #$Microtheory) (#$argIsa #$decontextualizedCollectionConventionMt 2 #$Microtheory) (#$arity #$decontextualizedCollectionConventionMt 2) (#$comment #$decontextualizedCollectionConventionMt "(#$decontextualizedCollectionConventionMt DECONT-COL MT) means that assertions of the form (#$isa INS DECONT-COL), for any INS, are by convention asserted in MT.") (#$isa #$decontextualizedCollectionConventionMt #$BinaryPredicate) (#$isa #$decontextualizedCollectionConventionMt #$CoreConstant) (#$relationAllInstance #$decontextualizedCollectionConventionMt #$AtemporalNecessarilyEssentialCollectionType #$UniversalVocabularyMt) (#$arg1Isa #$decontextualizedPredicate #$Predicate) (#$argIsa #$decontextualizedPredicate 1 #$Predicate) (#$argIsa #$decontextualizedPredicate 1 #$Predicate) (#$arity #$decontextualizedPredicate 1) (#$comment #$decontextualizedPredicate "(#$decontextualizedPredicate PRED) states that PRED is a predicate which is context-independent. In effect, any use of PRED can be lifted into any microtheory. Predicates which are labelled with #$decontextualizedPredicate typically have an argument which either implicitly or explicitly provides the implied context. A good example of such a predicate is #$ist.") (#$isa #$decontextualizedPredicate #$CoreConstant) (#$isa #$decontextualizedPredicate #$UnaryPredicate) (#$relationAll #$decontextualizedPredicate #$MicrotheoryDesignatingPredicate) (#$arg1Isa #$decontextualizedPredicateConventionMt #$Predicate) (#$arg2Format #$decontextualizedPredicateConventionMt #$openEntryFormatInArgs) (#$arg2Isa #$decontextualizedPredicateConventionMt #$Microtheory) (#$argFormat #$decontextualizedPredicateConventionMt 2 #$openEntryFormatInArgs) (#$argIsa #$decontextualizedPredicateConventionMt 2 #$Microtheory) (#$argIsa #$decontextualizedPredicateConventionMt 2 #$Microtheory) (#$argIsa #$decontextualizedPredicateConventionMt 1 #$Predicate) (#$argIsa #$decontextualizedPredicateConventionMt 1 #$Predicate) (#$arity #$decontextualizedPredicateConventionMt 2) (#$comment #$decontextualizedPredicateConventionMt "(#$decontextualizedPredicateConventionMt DECONT-PRED MT) means that the predicate extent of the decontextualized predicate DECONT-PRED, by convention, is asserted in MT.") (#$isa #$decontextualizedPredicateConventionMt #$BinaryPredicate) (#$isa #$decontextualizedPredicateConventionMt #$CoreConstant) (#$comment #$Decrypting "A specialization of #$Decoding. In each instance of #$Decrypting, a transformation is applied to the information in an encrypted information-bearing object (see the collections #$Encrypting and #$InformationBearingObject) so that the information is rendered into a readily accessible form.") (#$genls #$Decrypting #$Decoding) (#$genls #$Decrypting #$Individual) (#$isa #$Decrypting #$TemporalObjectType) (#$comment #$DeepCoverageTemplateMt "This Mt is designated to hold templates that are written for the \"deep coverage\" template-writing project.") (#$genlMt #$DeepCoverageTemplateMt #$BaseKB) (#$genlMt #$DeepCoverageTemplateMt #$GenFormatTemplateMt) (#$isa #$DeepCoverageTemplateMt #$Microtheory) (#$isa #$DeepCoverageTemplateMt #$TemplateParsingMicrotheory) (#$comment #$DefaultDisjointEdibleStuffType "An instance of #$SiblingDisjointCollectionType (q.v.), and thus a collection of collections. Each instance of #$DefaultDisjointEdibleStuffType is a collection of beverages or foodstuffs (a specialization of #$EdibleStuff) that is by default disjoint with every other instance of #$DefaultDisjointEdibleStuffType. Instances of #$DefaultDisjointEdibleStuffType include #$SubmarineSandwich, #$Rice-Foodstuff, and #$Sauerkraut.") (#$disjointWith #$DefaultDisjointEdibleStuffType #$AccessingScriptType) (#$disjointWith #$DefaultDisjointEdibleStuffType #$BeliefSystemType) (#$disjointWith #$DefaultDisjointEdibleStuffType #$DefaultDisjointScriptType) (#$disjointWith #$DefaultDisjointEdibleStuffType #$HumanCapabilityType) (#$disjointWith #$DefaultDisjointEdibleStuffType #$LanguageGroupingType) (#$disjointWith #$DefaultDisjointEdibleStuffType #$MicrotheoryType) (#$disjointWith #$DefaultDisjointEdibleStuffType #$PersonTypeByCulture) (#$disjointWith #$DefaultDisjointEdibleStuffType #$PhysiologicalConditionType) (#$disjointWith #$DefaultDisjointEdibleStuffType #$RoadVehicleType) (#$disjointWith #$DefaultDisjointEdibleStuffType #$SituationType) (#$disjointWith #$DefaultDisjointEdibleStuffType #$SpatiallyDisjointRegionType) (#$disjointWith #$DefaultDisjointEdibleStuffType #$TransportationEventByVehicleType) (#$disjointWith #$DefaultDisjointEdibleStuffType #$WavePropagationType) (#$genls #$DefaultDisjointEdibleStuffType #$FirstOrderCollection) (#$genls #$DefaultDisjointEdibleStuffType #$ProductType) (#$isa #$DefaultDisjointEdibleStuffType #$CollectionType) (#$isa #$DefaultDisjointEdibleStuffType #$CollectionType) (#$isa #$DefaultDisjointEdibleStuffType #$SecondOrderCollection) (#$isa #$DefaultDisjointEdibleStuffType #$SiblingDisjointCollectionType) (#$typeGenls #$DefaultDisjointEdibleStuffType #$EdibleStuff) (#$comment #$DefaultDisjointScriptType "A collection of collections and an instance of #$SiblingDisjointCollectionType (q.v.). Each instance TYPE of #$DefaultDisjointScriptType is a specialization of #$Event of which the following is true, as a default assumption: every instance of #$DefaultDisjointScriptType is either a specialization of TYPE, a generalization of TYPE, or is disjoint with TYPE. Asserting that TYPE is an instance of #$DefaultDisjointScriptType is thus a convenient way to make TYPE disjoint with a lot of other specializations of #$Event (viz. the other instances of #$DefaultDisjointScriptType), without having to enter a lot of #$disjointWith assertions. Note that the default assumption mentioned above can be overridden, with respect to TYPE and some other #$DefaultDisjointScriptType OTHER-TYPE, by asserting (#$siblingDisjointExceptions TYPE OTHER-TYPE).") (#$disjointWith #$DefaultDisjointScriptType #$ExistingObjectType) (#$disjointWith #$DefaultDisjointScriptType #$ExistingStuffType) (#$disjointWith #$DefaultDisjointScriptType #$ShapeType) (#$genls #$DefaultDisjointScriptType #$FirstOrderCollection) (#$isa #$DefaultDisjointScriptType #$AtemporalNecessarilyEssentialCollectionType) (#$isa #$DefaultDisjointScriptType #$CollectionType) (#$isa #$DefaultDisjointScriptType #$CollectionType) (#$isa #$DefaultDisjointScriptType #$SecondOrderCollection) (#$isa #$DefaultDisjointScriptType #$SiblingDisjointCollectionType) (#$typeGenls #$DefaultDisjointScriptType #$Event) (#$comment #$DefaultFalse "An instance of #$CycHLTruthValue. #$DefaultFalse is the attribute of being assumed false unless otherwise known to be true.") (#$isa #$DefaultFalse #$CoreImplementationConstant) (#$isa #$DefaultFalse #$CycHLTruthValue) (#$isa #$DefaultFalse #$Individual) (#$comment #$DefaultMonotonicPredicate "A collection of predicates. Each instance of #$DefaultMonotonicPredicate is a predicate whose use as the predicate of a locally asserted ground formula causes that formula to be entered, by default, as :MONOTONIC. Examples: #$isa, #$genls, #$disjointWith, #$equals, #$arity, #$arg1Isa.") (#$genls #$DefaultMonotonicPredicate #$Predicate) (#$isa #$DefaultMonotonicPredicate #$AtemporalNecessarilyEssentialCollectionType) (#$isa #$DefaultMonotonicPredicate #$Collection) (#$isa #$DefaultMonotonicPredicate #$CoreImplementationConstant) (#$isa #$DefaultMonotonicPredicate #$PredicateCategory) (#$arg1Format #$defaultReformulationDirectionInModeForPred #$SingleEntry) (#$arg1Isa #$defaultReformulationDirectionInModeForPred #$ReformulationDirectionSpecification) (#$arg2Isa #$defaultReformulationDirectionInModeForPred #$ReformulatorMode) (#$arg3Isa #$defaultReformulationDirectionInModeForPred #$ReformulatorDirectivePredicate) (#$argFormat #$defaultReformulationDirectionInModeForPred 1 #$SingleEntry) (#$argIsa #$defaultReformulationDirectionInModeForPred 1 #$ReformulationDirectionSpecification) (#$argIsa #$defaultReformulationDirectionInModeForPred 1 #$ReformulationDirectionSpecification) (#$argIsa #$defaultReformulationDirectionInModeForPred 3 #$ReformulatorDirectivePredicate) (#$argIsa #$defaultReformulationDirectionInModeForPred 3 #$ReformulatorDirectivePredicate) (#$argIsa #$defaultReformulationDirectionInModeForPred 2 #$ReformulatorMode) (#$argIsa #$defaultReformulationDirectionInModeForPred 2 #$ReformulatorMode) (#$arity #$defaultReformulationDirectionInModeForPred 3) (#$comment #$defaultReformulationDirectionInModeForPred "If the #$CycLReformulator is operating in MT in the mode MODE, and it encounters a reformulation rule with no #$reformulationDirectionInMode meta-assertion for MODE stated in MT or a genlMt thereof, the extent of this predicate will be used to determine the reformulation direction of the rule.") (#$isa #$defaultReformulationDirectionInModeForPred #$CoreImplementationConstant) (#$isa #$defaultReformulationDirectionInModeForPred #$ReformulatorDirectivePredicate) (#$isa #$defaultReformulationDirectionInModeForPred #$TernaryPredicate) (#$argIsa #$defaultReformulatorModePrecedence 0 #$ReformulatorMode) (#$argsIsa #$defaultReformulatorModePrecedence #$ReformulatorMode) (#$argsIsa #$defaultReformulatorModePrecedence #$ReformulatorMode) (#$comment #$defaultReformulatorModePrecedence "(#$defaultReformulatorModePrecedence PRIMARY-MODE SECONDARY-MODE TERTIARY-MODE ...), asserted in the microtheory MT, means that in MT or a specMt thereof (unless overridden), the #$CycLReformulator will use PRIMARY-MODE as its primary mode, SECONDARY-MODE as its secondary mode, etc. This helps the reformulator establish precedence of #$CycLReformulatorDirectives. Do not specify both tersify and verbosify.") (#$isa #$defaultReformulatorModePrecedence #$CoreImplementationConstant) (#$isa #$defaultReformulatorModePrecedence #$ReformulatorDirectivePredicate) (#$isa #$defaultReformulatorModePrecedence #$VariableArityRelation) (#$comment #$DefaultTrue "An instance of #$CycHLTruthValue. #$DefaultTrue is the attribute of being assumed true unless otherwise known to be false.") (#$isa #$DefaultTrue #$CoreImplementationConstant) (#$isa #$DefaultTrue #$CycHLTruthValue) (#$isa #$DefaultTrue #$Individual) (#$comment #$DefaultVocabConstraintMt "The default instance of #$VocabConstraintMicrotheory which restricts all assertions in all other microtheories unless an exception is stated within #$DefaultVocabConstraintMt. All #$vocabConstraintMtFor assertions belong in #$DefaultVocabConstraintMt.") (#$genlMt #$DefaultVocabConstraintMt #$BaseKB) (#$isa #$DefaultVocabConstraintMt #$Microtheory) (#$comment #$Defeatedness-Feeling "The feeling of despair and loss one feels when defeated or overthrown.") (#$genls #$Defeatedness-Feeling #$Despair) (#$isa #$Defeatedness-Feeling #$AtemporalNecessarilyEssentialCollectionType) (#$isa #$Defeatedness-Feeling #$FeelingType) (#$arg1Isa #$defendants #$Trial) (#$arg1Isa #$defendants #$Trial) (#$arg2Format #$defendants #$SetTheFormat) (#$arg2Isa #$defendants #$Agent) (#$arg2Isa #$defendants #$LegalAgent) (#$argFormat #$defendants 2 #$SetTheFormat) (#$argIsa #$defendants 2 #$Agent) (#$argIsa #$defendants 2 #$Agent) (#$argIsa #$defendants 2 #$LegalAgent) (#$argIsa #$defendants 1 #$Trial) (#$argIsa #$defendants 1 #$Trial) (#$argIsa #$defendants 1 #$Trial) (#$arity #$defendants 2) (#$comment #$defendants "(#$defendants ARG1 ARG2) means that the agent ARG2 is the accused party in the lawsuit ARG1.") (#$genlPreds #$defendants #$litigants) (#$isa #$defendants #$ActorSlot) (#$isa #$defendants #$AgentiveRole) (#$isa #$defendants #$BinaryPredicate) (#$relationAllExists #$defendants #$Trial #$Agent) (#$relationAllExists #$defendants #$Trial #$LegalAgent) (#$relationAllExists #$defendants #$Trial #$PartiallyTangible) (#$relationAllExists #$defendants #$Trial #$TemporalThing) (#$minimizeExtent #$defendants) (#$comment #$DefenseSystem "#$DefenseSystem is a specialization of both #$ProtectiveSystem and #$Artifact. Instances of #$DefenseSystem are created by agents to protect things (not necessarily the agents themselves) from harmful situations or individuals.") (#$genls #$DefenseSystem #$Artifact) (#$genls #$DefenseSystem #$Individual) (#$genls #$DefenseSystem #$ProtectiveSystem) (#$isa #$DefenseSystem #$ExistingObjectType) (#$comment #$DefinedDataType "A specialization of #$ComputerDataType. The collection of all data types that are currently available for parameters in the current context of a #$ComputerCode-Source. Negative examples for this collection would include abstract classes in #$JavaProgrammingLanguage, and underspecified data types like (#$ProgramRepresentationFn #$RealNumber).") (#$genls #$DefinedDataType #$ComputerDataType) (#$genls #$DefinedDataType #$LinguisticObjectType) (#$isa #$DefinedDataType #$CollectionType) (#$isa #$DefinedDataType #$SecondOrderCollection) (#$arg1Isa #$definingMt #$CycLReifiableDenotationalTerm) (#$arg2Format #$definingMt #$SingleEntry) (#$arg2Isa #$definingMt #$Microtheory) (#$argFormat #$definingMt 2 #$SingleEntry) (#$argIsa #$definingMt 1 #$CycLReifiableDenotationalTerm) (#$argIsa #$definingMt 1 #$CycLReifiableDenotationalTerm) (#$argIsa #$definingMt 2 #$Microtheory) (#$argIsa #$definingMt 2 #$Microtheory) (#$arity #$definingMt 2) (#$comment #$definingMt "(#$definingMt TERM MT) states that TERM only begins to have semantic meaning in microtheory MT. In microtheories in which MT is not accessible, TERM is #$undefined. Additionally, (#$termDependsOn TERM MT).") (#$genlPreds #$definingMt #$termDependsOn) (#$isa #$definingMt #$CoreConstant) (#$isa #$definingMt #$DefaultMonotonicPredicate) (#$isa #$definingMt #$Predicate) (#$isa #$definingMt #$StrictlyFunctionalSlot) (#$relationAllInstance #$definingMt #$Microtheory #$BaseKB) (#$strictlyFunctionalInArgs #$definingMt 2) (#$completeExtentKnown #$definingMt) (#$arg1Isa #$definingTimeUnit #$CalendarCoveringType) (#$arg2Isa #$definingTimeUnit #$UnitOfTime) (#$argIsa #$definingTimeUnit 1 #$CalendarCoveringType) (#$argIsa #$definingTimeUnit 1 #$CalendarCoveringType) (#$argIsa #$definingTimeUnit 2 #$UnitOfTime) (#$argIsa #$definingTimeUnit 2 #$UnitOfTime) (#$arity #$definingTimeUnit 2) (#$comment #$definingTimeUnit "(#$definingTimeUnit ?CALENDAR-INTERVAL-TYPE ?TIME-UNIT) means that the #$CalendarCoveringType, ?CALENDAR-INTERVAL-TYPE, and the unit of time, ?TIME-UNIT, are defined in terms of each other. For example, (#$definingTimeUnit #$CalendarDay #$DaysDuration).") (#$isa #$definingTimeUnit #$BinaryPredicate) (#$isa #$definingTimeUnit #$DefaultMonotonicPredicate) (#$comment #$DefiniteDeterminerFrame "This frame applies to nouns which typically occur with the definite determiner, for example, 'the Sun'; 'the flu'.") (#$isa #$DefiniteDeterminerFrame #$FrameForNouns) (#$isa #$DefiniteDeterminerFrame #$Individual) (#$comment #$DefinitionalPredicate "The collection of all instances of #$Predicate whose uses are almost always considered \"definitional\" and thus are normally asserted in an instance of #$VocabularyMicrotheory. If the use of a predicate is sometimes, but not primarily definitional, it should be an instance of #$SometimesDefinitionalPredicate, instead") (#$genls #$DefinitionalPredicate #$PossibleDefinitionalPredicate) (#$genls #$DefinitionalPredicate #$Predicate) (#$isa #$DefinitionalPredicate #$PredicateCategory) (#$arg1Genl #$defnIff #$Thing) (#$arg1Isa #$defnIff #$Collection) (#$arg1Isa #$defnIff #$Collection) (#$arg2Format #$defnIff #$SingleEntry) (#$arg2Isa #$defnIff #$SubLSymbol) (#$arg2Isa #$defnIff #$SubLSymbol) (#$argFormat #$defnIff 2 #$SingleEntry) (#$argGenl #$defnIff 1 #$Thing) (#$argGenl #$defnIff 1 #$Thing) (#$argIsa #$defnIff 1 #$Collection) (#$argIsa #$defnIff 1 #$Collection) (#$argIsa #$defnIff 1 #$Collection) (#$argIsa #$defnIff 2 #$SubLSymbol) (#$argIsa #$defnIff 2 #$SubLSymbol) (#$argIsa #$defnIff 2 #$SubLSymbol) (#$arity #$defnIff 2) (#$arity #$defnIff 2) (#$comment #$defnIff "A #$CycInferenceDescriptorPredicate. (#$defnIff COL TEST) means that TEST is the name of a piece of code in the SubL implementation of Cyc that specifies, and tests for, a necessary and sufficient condition for a CycL term's denoting an instance of (see #$isa) the collection COL. If and only if TEST returns `T' (for `True') when applied to a particular term can that term's denotatum be considered an instance of COL; all and only terms that denote instances of COL must fulfill TEST's requirements. See also #$defnNecessary and #$defnSufficient.") (#$genlPreds #$defnIff #$defnNecessary) (#$genlPreds #$defnIff #$defnSufficient) (#$isa #$defnIff #$BookkeepingPredicate) (#$isa #$defnIff #$CycInferenceDescriptorPredicate) (#$isa #$defnIff #$InferenceRelatedBookkeepingPredicate) (#$isa #$defnIff #$LogicalTruthImplementationConstant) (#$isa #$defnIff #$Predicate) (#$isa #$defnIff #$StrictlyFunctionalSlot) (#$strictlyFunctionalInArgs #$defnIff 2) (#$arg1Genl #$defnNecessary #$Thing) (#$arg1Isa #$defnNecessary #$Collection) (#$arg2Isa #$defnNecessary #$SubLSymbol) (#$argGenl #$defnNecessary 1 #$Thing) (#$argGenl #$defnNecessary 1 #$Thing) (#$argIsa #$defnNecessary 1 #$Collection) (#$argIsa #$defnNecessary 1 #$Collection) (#$argIsa #$defnNecessary 2 #$SubLSymbol) (#$argIsa #$defnNecessary 2 #$SubLSymbol) (#$arity #$defnNecessary 2) (#$comment #$defnNecessary "A #$CycInferenceDescriptorPredicate. (#$defnNecessary COL TEST) means that TEST is the name of a piece of code in the SubL implementation of Cyc that specifies, and tests for, a necessary condition for a CycL term's denoting an instance of (see #$isa) the collection COL. Only if TEST returns `T' (for `True') when applied to a particular term can that term's denotatum be considered an instance of COL; all terms that denote instances of COL must fulfill TEST's requirements, although there may be additional requirements for denoting an instance of COL as well. See also #$defnSufficient and #$defnIff.") (#$isa #$defnNecessary #$BinaryPredicate) (#$isa #$defnNecessary #$BookkeepingPredicate) (#$isa #$defnNecessary #$CoreImplementationConstant) (#$isa #$defnNecessary #$CycInferenceDescriptorPredicate) (#$isa #$defnNecessary #$InferenceRelatedBookkeepingPredicate) (#$transitiveViaArgInverse #$defnNecessary #$genls 1) (#$arg1Format #$defnSufficient #$SetTheFormat) (#$arg1Genl #$defnSufficient #$Thing) (#$arg1Isa #$defnSufficient #$Collection) (#$arg2Format #$defnSufficient #$SetTheFormat) (#$arg2Isa #$defnSufficient #$SubLSymbol) (#$argFormat #$defnSufficient 1 #$SetTheFormat) (#$argFormat #$defnSufficient 2 #$SetTheFormat) (#$argGenl #$defnSufficient 1 #$Thing) (#$argGenl #$defnSufficient 1 #$Thing) (#$argIsa #$defnSufficient 1 #$Collection) (#$argIsa #$defnSufficient 1 #$Collection) (#$argIsa #$defnSufficient 2 #$SubLSymbol) (#$argIsa #$defnSufficient 2 #$SubLSymbol) (#$arity #$defnSufficient 2) (#$comment #$defnSufficient "A #$CycInferenceDescriptorPredicate. (#$defnSufficient COL TEST) means that TEST is the name of a piece of code in the SubL implementation of Cyc that specifies, and tests for, a sufficient condition for a CycL term's denoting an instance of (see #$isa) the collection COL. If TEST returns `T' (for `True') when applied to a particular term, then that term's denotatum is considered to be an instance of COL. Note that TEST isn't necessarily a necessary test for membership in COL; that is, not all instances of COL must pass the test, unless TEST is also a #$defnNecessary for COL. See the related predicates #$defnNecessary and #$defnIff.") (#$isa #$defnSufficient #$BinaryPredicate) (#$isa #$defnSufficient #$BookkeepingPredicate) (#$isa #$defnSufficient #$CoreImplementationConstant) (#$isa #$defnSufficient #$CycInferenceDescriptorPredicate) (#$isa #$defnSufficient #$InferenceRelatedBookkeepingPredicate) (#$transitiveViaArg #$defnSufficient #$genls 1) (#$comment #$Deformable "Things which are #$Deformable will give way to some degree when force is applied. They may or may not spring back to shape after the pressure is released. ") (#$isa #$Deformable #$AttributeValue) (#$comment #$DegenerationEvent "A collection of events. In each #$DegenerationEvent, some object loses its function(s) through a process of deterioration and/or a series of discrete breakdowns.") (#$genls #$DegenerationEvent #$IncurringDamage) (#$genls #$DegenerationEvent #$Individual) (#$isa #$DegenerationEvent #$DefaultDisjointScriptType) (#$isa #$DegenerationEvent #$TemporalObjectType) (#$argIsa #$DegreeCelsius 0 #$SubLRealNumber) (#$argsIsa #$DegreeCelsius #$SubLRealNumber) (#$argsIsa #$DegreeCelsius #$SubLRealNumber) (#$argsIsa #$DegreeCelsius #$SubLRealNumber) (#$arityMax #$DegreeCelsius 2) (#$arityMax #$DegreeCelsius 2) (#$arityMin #$DegreeCelsius 1) (#$arityMin #$DegreeCelsius 1) (#$comment #$DegreeCelsius "The standard unit of temperature in much of the world and also in CYC.") (#$isa #$DegreeCelsius #$MKSUnitOfMeasure) (#$isa #$DegreeCelsius #$UnitOfMeasureNoPrefix) (#$isa #$DegreeCelsius #$UnitOfTemperature) (#$resultIsa #$DegreeCelsius #$ScalarInterval) (#$resultIsa #$DegreeCelsius #$ScalarInterval) (#$resultIsa #$DegreeCelsius #$Temperature) (#$resultIsa #$DegreeCelsius #$Temperature) (#$argIsa #$DegreeFahrenheit 0 #$SubLRealNumber) (#$argsIsa #$DegreeFahrenheit #$SubLRealNumber) (#$argsIsa #$DegreeFahrenheit #$SubLRealNumber) (#$argsIsa #$DegreeFahrenheit #$SubLRealNumber) (#$arityMax #$DegreeFahrenheit 2) (#$arityMax #$DegreeFahrenheit 2) (#$arityMin #$DegreeFahrenheit 1) (#$arityMin #$DegreeFahrenheit 1) (#$comment #$DegreeFahrenheit "The unit of measure on the Fahrenheit scale; mainly used in the USA") (#$isa #$DegreeFahrenheit #$UnitOfMeasureNoPrefix) (#$isa #$DegreeFahrenheit #$UnitOfTemperature) (#$resultIsa #$DegreeFahrenheit #$Individual) (#$resultIsa #$DegreeFahrenheit #$ScalarInterval) (#$resultIsa #$DegreeFahrenheit #$ScalarInterval) (#$resultIsa #$DegreeFahrenheit #$Temperature) (#$comment #$DegreeGrantingHigherEducationInstitution "#$DegreeGrantingHigherEducationInstitution is a specialization of #$HigherEducationInstitution. Each instance of #$DegreeGrantingHigherEducationInstitution is a higher education institution that grants degrees. For those that do not grant degrees, such as colleges of universities, e.g. Trinity College, Cambridge, see specs of #$NonDegreeGrantingInstitution.") (#$genls #$DegreeGrantingHigherEducationInstitution #$HigherEducationInstitution) (#$genls #$DegreeGrantingHigherEducationInstitution #$Individual) (#$isa #$DegreeGrantingHigherEducationInstitution #$ExistingObjectType) (#$argIsa #$DegreeKelvin 0 #$SubLRealNumber) (#$argsIsa #$DegreeKelvin #$SubLRealNumber) (#$argsIsa #$DegreeKelvin #$SubLRealNumber) (#$argsIsa #$DegreeKelvin #$SubLRealNumber) (#$arityMax #$DegreeKelvin 2) (#$arityMax #$DegreeKelvin 2) (#$arityMin #$DegreeKelvin 1) (#$arityMin #$DegreeKelvin 1) (#$comment #$DegreeKelvin "The unit of measure on the Kelvin or Absolute temperature scale; mainly used in science; note that the size of this unit is equal to the size of a #$DegreeCelsius.") (#$isa #$DegreeKelvin #$StandardUnitOfMeasure) (#$isa #$DegreeKelvin #$UnitOfMeasureNoPrefix) (#$isa #$DegreeKelvin #$UnitOfTemperature) (#$resultIsa #$DegreeKelvin #$Individual) (#$resultIsa #$DegreeKelvin #$ScalarInterval) (#$resultIsa #$DegreeKelvin #$ScalarInterval) (#$resultIsa #$DegreeKelvin #$Temperature) (#$comment #$DegreeOfCloudiness "A collection of collections of #$OutdoorLocations. Each instance of #$DegreeOfCloudiness is collection of #$OutdoorLocations with a particular degree of cloud cover. Instances of #$DegreeOfCloudiness include #$Cloudless, #$PartiallyCloudCovered, and #$CompletelyCloudCovered.") (#$genls #$DegreeOfCloudiness #$ExistingStuffType) (#$genls #$DegreeOfCloudiness #$OutdoorLocationByWeatherType) (#$isa #$DegreeOfCloudiness #$CollectionType) (#$isa #$DegreeOfCloudiness #$SecondOrderCollection) (#$isa #$DegreeOfCloudiness #$TotallyOrderedCollectionType) (#$typeGenls #$DegreeOfCloudiness #$OutdoorLocation) (#$argIsa #$Degree-UnitOfAngularMeasure 0 #$SubLRealNumber) (#$argsIsa #$Degree-UnitOfAngularMeasure #$SubLRealNumber) (#$argsIsa #$Degree-UnitOfAngularMeasure #$SubLRealNumber) (#$arityMax #$Degree-UnitOfAngularMeasure 2) (#$arityMax #$Degree-UnitOfAngularMeasure 2) (#$arityMin #$Degree-UnitOfAngularMeasure 1) (#$arityMin #$Degree-UnitOfAngularMeasure 1) (#$comment #$Degree-UnitOfAngularMeasure "An instance of #$UnitOfAngularDistance. When applied to a number or pair of numbers, #$Degree-UnitOfAngularMeasure returns an instance of #$AngularDistance as its value. For example, (#$Degree-UnitOfAngularMeasure 360) is an angular distance of 360 degrees.") (#$isa #$Degree-UnitOfAngularMeasure #$UnitOfAngularDistance) (#$isa #$Degree-UnitOfAngularMeasure #$UnitOfMeasureNoPrefix) (#$resultIsa #$Degree-UnitOfAngularMeasure #$AngularDistance) (#$resultIsa #$Degree-UnitOfAngularMeasure #$Individual) (#$arg1Format #$deliberateActors #$SetTheFormat) (#$arg1Isa #$deliberateActors #$Event) (#$arg2Format #$deliberateActors #$SetTheFormat) (#$arg2Isa #$deliberateActors #$Agent) (#$argFormat #$deliberateActors 1 #$SetTheFormat) (#$argFormat #$deliberateActors 2 #$SetTheFormat) (#$argIsa #$deliberateActors 2 #$Agent) (#$argIsa #$deliberateActors 2 #$Agent) (#$argIsa #$deliberateActors 1 #$Event) (#$argIsa #$deliberateActors 1 #$Event) (#$arity #$deliberateActors 2) (#$comment #$deliberateActors "(#$deliberateActors ACT ACTOR) means that the #$Agent ACTOR is conscious, volitional, and purposeful in the #$Event ACT. ACTOR is aware of acting in ACT, and chooses to play the role he/she/it does in ACT.") (#$genlInverse #$deliberateActors #$awareOf) (#$genlPreds #$deliberateActors #$preActors) (#$isa #$deliberateActors #$ActorSlot) (#$isa #$deliberateActors #$BinaryPredicate) (#$relationAllExists #$deliberateActors #$PurposefulAction #$Agent) (#$minimizeExtent #$deliberateActors) (#$comment #$Delight "Live and obvious (and somewhat ephemeral) emotion found in the satisfaction or gratification induced by the possession, acquisition or expectation of something good or greatly desired.") (#$genls #$Delight #$Cheerfulness) (#$genls #$Delight #$Pleasure-Feeling) (#$isa #$Delight #$AtemporalNecessarilyEssentialCollectionType) (#$isa #$Delight #$FeelingType) (#$comment #$DeliveringSomeoneSomething "The collection of delivery actions from a third person perspective. Delivery from the perspective of being done as a dedicated service. We don't think that non dedicated delivery events are included here, for example, a waitress bringing client's food to the table. Instead we mean things like what UPS, or Dominoes Pizza Delivery might do.") (#$comment #$DeliveringSomeoneSomething "The collection of events in which an object is delivered to someone as part of one's job.") (#$genls #$DeliveringSomeoneSomething #$Individual) (#$genls #$DeliveringSomeoneSomething #$PuttingSomethingSomewhere) (#$genls #$DeliveringSomeoneSomething #$ServiceEvent) (#$genls #$DeliveringSomeoneSomething #$TransportationEvent) (#$isa #$DeliveringSomeoneSomething #$DefaultDisjointScriptType) (#$isa #$DeliveringSomeoneSomething #$TemporalObjectType) (#$siblingDisjointExceptions #$DeliveringSomeoneSomething #$PhysicalContactEvent) (#$arg1Format #$denotes #$SetTheFormat) (#$arg1Isa #$denotes #$CycLExpression) (#$arg1Isa #$denotes #$CycLTerm) (#$arg2Format #$denotes #$SingleEntry) (#$arg2Isa #$denotes #$Thing) (#$argFormat #$denotes 1 #$SetTheFormat) (#$argFormat #$denotes 2 #$SingleEntry) (#$argIsa #$denotes 1 #$CycLExpression) (#$argIsa #$denotes 1 #$CycLExpression) (#$argIsa #$denotes 1 #$CycLExpression) (#$argIsa #$denotes 1 #$CycLTerm) (#$argIsa #$denotes 1 #$CycLTerm) (#$argIsa #$denotes 2 #$Thing) (#$argIsa #$denotes 2 #$Thing) (#$argIsa #$denotes 2 #$Thing) (#$arity #$denotes 2) (#$arity #$denotes 2) (#$comment #$denotes "A #$MetaLanguagePredicate (q.v.) that relates denoting #$CycLTerms to their denotations: the things in the intended model of the CycL language that those terms denote or refer to or stand for. (#$denotes TERM THING) means that TERM denotes THING. Note that #$denotes's first argument-place is _not_ \"implicitly quoted\" (see #$quotedArgument); instead, TERM will often be an explicitly quoted term -- i.e. something wrapped in the syncategorematic quotation symbol `#$Quote' (see #$Quote). For example, the true sentence `(#$denotes (#$Quote #$Plato) #$Plato)' means that the CycL term `#$Plato' denotes the person #$Plato. But note that the first argument of #$denotes need not be quoted. Suppose (e.g.) that the term `#$Plato' were the CycL constant most beloved of #$Cyclists, and that a new constant `CyclistsFavoriteConstant' were reified and defined so as to reflect this fact. Then `CyclistsFavoriteConstant' would refer to the CycL constant `#$Plato', which in turn denotes the man Plato; and so the sentence `(#$denotes CyclistsFavoriteConstant #$Plato)' would be true. Note also that not all CycL terms denote, not even all #$CycLClosedDenotationalTerms (q.v.); e.g. `(#$BorderBetweenFn #$Canada #$Mexico)' fails to denote anything (except perhaps in certain counterfactual contexts). Note finally that the sentence `(#$denotes #$Plato #$Plato)' is of course _not_ true, as it means that the man Plato is a CycL term that denotes the man Plato, which is a patent falsehood since no man is a CycL term and no man denotes anything (let alone himself). See also #$hasDenotatum, #$quotedIsa, #$EscapeQuote, and the shared #$NoteAboutQuotingInCycL.") (#$isa #$denotes #$AntiTransitiveBinaryPredicate) (#$isa #$denotes #$AntiTransitiveBinaryPredicate) (#$isa #$denotes #$AsymmetricBinaryPredicate) (#$isa #$denotes #$LogicalTruthConstant) (#$isa #$denotes #$MetaKnowledgePredicate) (#$isa #$denotes #$MetaLanguagePredicate) (#$isa #$denotes #$Predicate) (#$isa #$denotes #$StrictlyFunctionalPredicate) (#$negationInverse #$denotes #$denotes) (#$sharedNotes #$denotes #$NoteAboutQuotingInCycL) (#$strictlyFunctionalInArgs #$denotes 2) (#$comment #$Density "A specialization of #$PhysicalQuantity. Each instance of #$Density is a measure of an aspect of a tangible object, namely, its mass per volume. Instances of #$Density include #$DenseAsOil, #$GaseousDensity, and #$SolidDensity. See also the predicate #$densityOfObject, which relates an object to its density.") (#$disjointWith #$Density #$AngularDistance) (#$disjointWith #$Density #$ElectricalCharge) (#$disjointWith #$Density #$Mass) (#$disjointWith #$Density #$Temperature) (#$genls #$Density #$PhysicalQuantity) (#$isa #$Density #$AtemporalNecessarilyEssentialCollectionType) (#$isa #$Density #$DerivedNumericScalarIntervalType) (#$arg1Isa #$densityOfObject #$PartiallyTangible) (#$arg1Isa #$densityOfObject #$PartiallyTangible) (#$arg2Format #$densityOfObject #$IntervalEntry) (#$arg2Isa #$densityOfObject #$Density) (#$arg2Isa #$densityOfObject #$Density) (#$argFormat #$densityOfObject 2 #$IntervalEntry) (#$argIsa #$densityOfObject 2 #$Density) (#$argIsa #$densityOfObject 2 #$Density) (#$argIsa #$densityOfObject 2 #$Density) (#$argIsa #$densityOfObject 1 #$PartiallyTangible) (#$argIsa #$densityOfObject 1 #$PartiallyTangible) (#$argIsa #$densityOfObject 1 #$PartiallyTangible) (#$arity #$densityOfObject 2) (#$comment #$densityOfObject "(#$densityOfObject OBJ DENS) means that the tangible thing OBJ has the #$Density DENS.") (#$functionalInArgs #$densityOfObject 2) (#$isa #$densityOfObject #$IntervalBasedQuantitySlot) (#$isa #$densityOfObject #$TangibleObjectPredicate) (#$transitiveViaArg #$densityOfObject #$genlAttributes 2) (#$comment #$DentalCareEvent "The collection of events in which dental care is administered. This includes personal teeth cleaning.") (#$genls #$DentalCareEvent #$DiagnosingAndRepairingSomething) (#$genls #$DentalCareEvent #$Individual) (#$genls #$DentalCareEvent #$MedicalCareEvent) (#$isa #$DentalCareEvent #$DefaultDisjointScriptType) (#$isa #$DentalCareEvent #$TemporalStuffType) (#$siblingDisjointExceptions #$DentalCareEvent #$Cleaning) (#$comment #$Dentist "A specialization of #$MedicalCareProfessional. Each instance of #$Dentist is a medical care professional who has been trained to diagnose and treat diseases of, and injuries to, the gums and teeth.") (#$genls #$Dentist #$Individual) (#$genls #$Dentist #$MedicalCareProfessional) (#$isa #$Dentist #$MedicalSpecialtyType) (#$isa #$Dentist #$PersonTypeByOccupation) (#$comment #$Depression-Feeling "An emotion marked by sadness, inactivity, difficulty in thinking and concentration, feelings of dejection and hopelessness; unhappiness, discouraged and without vigor") (#$genls #$Depression-Feeling #$Dissatisfaction) (#$genls #$Depression-Feeling #$Gloominess) (#$isa #$Depression-Feeling #$AtemporalNecessarilyEssentialCollectionType) (#$isa #$Depression-Feeling #$FeelingType) (#$comment #$DerivedNumericScalarIntervalType "A collection of collections. Each instance of #$DerivedNumericScalarIntervalType is a collection of numerically measurable #$ScalarIntervals whose units are complex (that is, whose units are derived from some more basic units of measure). Instances include #$Volume, #$Area, and #$Acceleration. See also the related collection #$FundamentalNumericScalarIntervalType.") (#$disjointWith #$DerivedNumericScalarIntervalType #$FundamentalNumericScalarIntervalType) (#$genls #$DerivedNumericScalarIntervalType #$MeasurableScalarIntervalType) (#$isa #$DerivedNumericScalarIntervalType #$AtemporalNecessarilyEssentialCollectionType) (#$isa #$DerivedNumericScalarIntervalType #$CollectionType) (#$isa #$DerivedNumericScalarIntervalType #$CollectionType) (#$isa #$DerivedNumericScalarIntervalType #$SecondOrderCollection) (#$isa #$DerivedNumericScalarIntervalType #$SiblingDisjointCollectionType) (#$arg1Isa #$derivedProbability #$ELSentence-Assertible) (#$arg2Format #$derivedProbability #$SingleEntry) (#$arg2Isa #$derivedProbability #$Probability) (#$arg2Isa #$derivedProbability #$ScalarPointValue) (#$argFormat #$derivedProbability 2 #$SingleEntry) (#$argIsa #$derivedProbability 1 #$ELSentence-Assertible) (#$argIsa #$derivedProbability 1 #$ELSentence-Assertible) (#$argIsa #$derivedProbability 2 #$Probability) (#$argIsa #$derivedProbability 2 #$Probability) (#$argIsa #$derivedProbability 2 #$ScalarPointValue) (#$argIsa #$derivedProbability 2 #$ScalarPointValue) (#$arity #$derivedProbability 2) (#$comment #$derivedProbability "A predicate used for probability statements. (#$derivedProbability PROPOSITION PROBNO) means that, in the applicable #$Microtheory, the a posteriori probability of the truth of the formula PROPOSITION, given (and depending on) the current state of knowledge of all other assertions, is PROBNO (a real number between zero and one, where zero means certainly false and one means certainly true). In most microtheories, generally, this refers to the derived probability that PROPOSITION is true given the probabilities of the other #$CycLAssertions and #$domainAssumptions of the #$Microtheory. Contrast this with #$priorProbability and #$derivedProbability-Range. See also the function version of this: #$DerivedProbabilityFn. A #$derivedProbability depends at least partially on, and is in some manner derived from or affected by, the probabilities of some or all of the other #$CycLAssertions in the #$Microtheory (whether prior, derived or conditional) along with the #$domainAssumptions. See also #$conditionalProbability. This definition makes no presumption as to determinism versus nondeterminism, nor as to whether probability is only in the mind of some beholder. The definition allows for any of several different systems of deriving the probability of one assertion from the probabilities of, or conditional probabilities relating, other assertions.") (#$genlPreds #$derivedProbability #$derivedProbability-Range) (#$isa #$derivedProbability #$ProbabilisticCycLConstant) (#$isa #$derivedProbability #$QuantitySlot) (#$isa #$derivedProbability #$StrictlyFunctionalSlot) (#$sharedNotes #$derivedProbability #$NoteOnProbability) (#$strictlyFunctionalInArgs #$derivedProbability 2) (#$arg1Isa #$DerivedProbabilityFn #$ELSentence-Assertible) (#$argIsa #$DerivedProbabilityFn 1 #$ELSentence-Assertible) (#$argIsa #$DerivedProbabilityFn 1 #$ELSentence-Assertible) (#$arity #$DerivedProbabilityFn 1) (#$comment #$DerivedProbabilityFn "A function used for probability statements. (#$DerivedProbabilityFn PROPOSITION), applied to the #$CycLAssertion PROPOSITION, yields, in the applicable #$Microtheory, the a posteriori probability of the truth of the formula PROPOSITION, given (and depending on) the current state of knowledge of other assertions. The result is a real number between zero and one, where zero means certainly false and one means certainly true. In most microtheories, generally, this refers to the derived probability that PROPOSITION is true given the probabilities or truth values of the other #$Assertions and #$domainAssumptions of the #$Microtheory. Contrast this with the predicate form #$derivedProbability and with the functions #$PriorProbabilityFn and #$DerivedProbability-RangeFn. The result of #$DerivedProbabilityFn depends at least partially on, and is in some manner derived from or affected by, the probabilities of some or all of the other #$Assertions in the #$Microtheory (whether prior, derived or conditional) along with the #$domainAssumptions. See also #$conditionalProbability. This definition makes no presumption as to determinism versus nondeterminism, nor as to whether probability is only in the mind of some beholder. The definition allows for any of several different systems of deriving the probability of one assertion from the probabilities of, or conditional probabilities relating, other assertions.") (#$isa #$DerivedProbabilityFn #$ProbabilisticCycLConstant) (#$isa #$DerivedProbabilityFn #$UnaryFunction) (#$resultIsa #$DerivedProbabilityFn #$Probability) (#$resultIsa #$DerivedProbabilityFn #$Probability) (#$sharedNotes #$DerivedProbabilityFn #$NoteOnProbability) (#$arg1Isa #$derivedProbability-Range #$ELSentence-Assertible) (#$arg2Format #$derivedProbability-Range #$IntervalEntry) (#$arg2Isa #$derivedProbability-Range #$Probability) (#$argFormat #$derivedProbability-Range 2 #$IntervalEntry) (#$argIsa #$derivedProbability-Range 1 #$ELSentence-Assertible) (#$argIsa #$derivedProbability-Range 1 #$ELSentence-Assertible) (#$argIsa #$derivedProbability-Range 2 #$Probability) (#$argIsa #$derivedProbability-Range 2 #$Probability) (#$arity #$derivedProbability-Range 2) (#$comment #$derivedProbability-Range "A predicate used for probability statements. (#$derivedProbability-Range PROPOSITION PROBRANGE) means that, in the applicable #$Microtheory, the a posteriori probability of the truth of the formula PROPOSITION, given (and depending on) the current state of knowledge of all other assertions, is somewhere in the range PROBRANGE (either a real number between zero and one, where zero means certainly false and one means certainly true, or an interval between two such numbers). In most microtheories, generally, this refers to the derived range of derived probability that PROPOSITION is true given the probabilities (or probability ranges) of the other #$CycLAssertions and #$domainAssumptions of the #$Microtheory. Contrast this with #$priorProbability-Range and with #$derivedProbability. A #$derivedProbability-Range depends at least partially on, and is in some manner derived from or affected by, the probabilities of some or all of the other #$CycLAssertions in the #$Microtheory (whether prior, derived or conditional) along with the #$domainAssumptions. This definition makes no presumption as to determinism versus nondeterminism, nor as to whether probability is only in the mind of some beholder. The definition allows for any of several different systems of deriving the probability of one assertion from the probabilities of, or conditional probabilities relating, other assertions.") (#$functionalInArgs #$derivedProbability-Range 2) (#$isa #$derivedProbability-Range #$IntervalBasedQuantitySlot) (#$isa #$derivedProbability-Range #$ProbabilisticCycLConstant) (#$sharedNotes #$derivedProbability-Range #$NoteOnProbability) (#$arg1Isa #$DerivedProbability-RangeFn #$ELSentence-Assertible) (#$argIsa #$DerivedProbability-RangeFn 1 #$ELSentence-Assertible) (#$argIsa #$DerivedProbability-RangeFn 1 #$ELSentence-Assertible) (#$arity #$DerivedProbability-RangeFn 1) (#$comment #$DerivedProbability-RangeFn "A function used for probability statements. (#$DerivedProbability-RangeFn PROPOSITION), applied to the #$CycLAssertion PROPOSITION, yields, in the applicable #$Microtheory, the range of a posteriori probability of the truth of the formula PROPOSITION, given (and depending on) the current state of knowledge of other assertions. This result is a number or range of numbers somewhere within the range 0-1 (either a real number between zero and one, where zero means certainly false and one means certainly true, or an interval between two such numbers). In most microtheories, generally, this refers to the derived range of derived probability that PROPOSITION is true given the probabilities (or probability ranges) of the other #$Assertions and #$domainAssumptions of the #$Microtheory. Contrast this with the predicate form #$derivedProbability-Range and with the functions #$DerivedProbabilityFn and #$PriorProbability-RangeFn. The result of a use of #$DerivedProbability-RangeFn on a proposition depends at least partially on, and is in some manner derived from or affected by, the probabilities of some or all of the other #$Assertions in the #$Microtheory (whether prior, derived or conditional) along with the #$domainAssumptions. This definition makes no presumption as to determinism versus nondeterminism, nor as to whether probability is only in the mind of some beholder. The definition allows for any of several different systems of deriving the probability of one assertion from the probabilities of, or conditional probabilities relating, other assertions.") (#$isa #$DerivedProbability-RangeFn #$ProbabilisticCycLConstant) (#$isa #$DerivedProbability-RangeFn #$UnaryFunction) (#$resultIsa #$DerivedProbability-RangeFn #$Probability) (#$resultIsa #$DerivedProbability-RangeFn #$Probability) (#$sharedNotes #$DerivedProbability-RangeFn #$NoteOnProbability) (#$comment #$DescendingEvent "An event is an #$DescendingEvent if and only if its object (#$objectMoving) has a lower altitude (#$altitudeAboveSeaLevel) at the end of the event than it did at the beginning of the event. Thus, some ascent may occur during the descent so long as the net effect is to decrease altitude. Descending stairs, walking over a ridge on the way to a lower valley, being lowered, and airplane landings are exemplars of #$DescendingEvent. Technically, sitting down and souffles falling are not exemplars because the #$altitudeAboveSeaLevel of these objects is not lower at the end of the event. (#$altitudeAboveSeaLevel is based on the distance between the bottom of the object and the mean sea level.)") (#$genls #$DescendingEvent #$Individual) (#$genls #$DescendingEvent #$Translation-LocationChange) (#$isa #$DescendingEvent #$TemporalObjectType) (#$comment #$DesertClimateCycle "A specialization of #$AnnualClimateCycle. Each instance of #$DesertClimateCycle is a year-long event consisting of weather occurring (typically) within a desert region. Characteristics of a desert climate cycle include wide temperature extremes (from very hot in the day to cold at night) and very little yearly precipitation.") (#$genls #$DesertClimateCycle #$AnnualClimateCycle) (#$genls #$DesertClimateCycle #$Individual) (#$isa #$DesertClimateCycle #$ClimateCycleType) (#$isa #$DesertClimateCycle #$TemporalObjectType) (#$arg1Isa #$desires #$IntelligentAgent) (#$arg2Format #$desires #$SetTheFormat) (#$arg2Isa #$desires #$ELSentence-Assertible) (#$argFormat #$desires 2 #$SetTheFormat) (#$argIsa #$desires 2 #$ELSentence-Assertible) (#$argIsa #$desires 2 #$ELSentence-Assertible) (#$argIsa #$desires 1 #$IntelligentAgent) (#$argIsa #$desires 1 #$IntelligentAgent) (#$arity #$desires 2) (#$comment #$desires "(#$desires AGT PROP) means that the #$Agent AGT desires that the world be as the proposition PROP (represented by a #$ELSentence-Assertible) describes it to be. #$desires is implied by #$goals, but is weaker: PROP might be some desirable state of affairs that the agent is not actively working, or planning, to make/keep true; e.g., #$WorldPeace. See also #$goals and #$intends.") (#$genlPreds #$desires #$hasEmotionAboutProposition) (#$genlPreds #$desires #$positiveInterest-Prop) (#$isa #$desires #$BinaryPredicate) (#$isa #$desires #$PropositionalAttitudeSlot) (#$comment #$DeskWorker "A subcollection of #$PersonWithOccupation. #$DeskWorker is a very broad category, consisting of those people who do a significant amount of their work sitting at desks (as opposed, e.g., to those who do physically demanding or outdoor work). While the sorts of work performed at desks make up too heterogeneous a class for #$DeskWorker itself to be considered an #$PersonTypeByOccupation (q.v.), some of its subcollections do correspond to types of occupations, e.g. #$Administrator, #$ComputerOperator, and #$Secretary.") (#$disjointWith #$DeskWorker #$Athlete) (#$genls #$DeskWorker #$Individual) (#$genls #$DeskWorker #$PersonWithOccupation) (#$isa #$DeskWorker #$ExistingObjectType) (#$comment #$Despair "Utter loss of hope") (#$genls #$Despair #$Misery) (#$isa #$Despair #$AtemporalNecessarilyEssentialCollectionType) (#$isa #$Despair #$FeelingType) (#$arg1Format #$destination-RoundTrip #$SetTheFormat) (#$arg1Isa #$destination-RoundTrip #$Translation-RoundTrip) (#$arg2Format #$destination-RoundTrip #$SetTheFormat) (#$arg2Isa #$destination-RoundTrip #$PartiallyTangible) (#$argFormat #$destination-RoundTrip 1 #$SetTheFormat) (#$argFormat #$destination-RoundTrip 2 #$SetTheFormat) (#$argIsa #$destination-RoundTrip 2 #$PartiallyTangible) (#$argIsa #$destination-RoundTrip 2 #$PartiallyTangible) (#$argIsa #$destination-RoundTrip 1 #$Translation-RoundTrip) (#$argIsa #$destination-RoundTrip 1 #$Translation-RoundTrip) (#$arity #$destination-RoundTrip 2) (#$comment #$destination-RoundTrip "(#$destination-RoundTrip TRIP PLACE) means that the #$PartiallyTangible PLACE is the destination of the outbound leg (see the predicate #$outboundLegOfRoundTrip) of the #$Translation-RoundTrip TRIP, and that PLACE is the starting point of the inbound leg (see the predicate #$inboundLegOfRoundTrip) of TRIP.") (#$genlPreds #$destination-RoundTrip #$nonDeliberateActors) (#$isa #$destination-RoundTrip #$ActorSlot) (#$relationAllExists #$destination-RoundTrip #$Translation-RoundTrip #$PartiallyTangible) (#$minimizeExtent #$destination-RoundTrip) (#$comment #$DestructionEvent "A collection of events. In each instance of #$DestructionEvent, at least one instance of #$Entity (the #$inputsDestroyed) ceases to exist.") (#$genls #$DestructionEvent #$CreationOrDestructionEvent) (#$genls #$DestructionEvent #$Individual) (#$isa #$DestructionEvent #$ExistingObjectType) (#$keStrongSuggestionPreds #$DestructionEvent #$inputsDestroyed) (#$requiredArg1Pred #$DestructionEvent #$inputsDestroyed) (#$arg1Isa #$determinerAgreement #$LexicalItem) (#$argIsa #$determinerAgreement 1 #$LexicalItem) (#$argIsa #$determinerAgreement 1 #$LexicalItem) (#$arity #$determinerAgreement 2) (#$comment #$determinerAgreement "(#$determinerAgreement DET POS-PRED) means that the determiner DET requires that the part of speech of the N-bar it is a specifier of be a spec-pred of POS-PRED.") (#$isa #$determinerAgreement #$BinaryPredicate) (#$arg1Format #$deviceControlledBy #$openEntryFormatInArgs) (#$arg1Isa #$deviceControlledBy #$PhysicalDevice) (#$arg1Isa #$deviceControlledBy #$PhysicalDevice) (#$arg2Format #$deviceControlledBy #$openEntryFormatInArgs) (#$arg2Isa #$deviceControlledBy #$ControlDevice) (#$arg2Isa #$deviceControlledBy #$ControlDevice) (#$argFormat #$deviceControlledBy 1 #$openEntryFormatInArgs) (#$argFormat #$deviceControlledBy 2 #$openEntryFormatInArgs) (#$argIsa #$deviceControlledBy 2 #$ControlDevice) (#$argIsa #$deviceControlledBy 2 #$ControlDevice) (#$argIsa #$deviceControlledBy 2 #$ControlDevice) (#$argIsa #$deviceControlledBy 1 #$PhysicalDevice) (#$argIsa #$deviceControlledBy 1 #$PhysicalDevice) (#$argIsa #$deviceControlledBy 1 #$PhysicalDevice) (#$arity #$deviceControlledBy 2) (#$comment #$deviceControlledBy "This predicate relates physical devices to the devices that control them. (#$deviceControlledBy DEV CONTROL) means that CONTROL controls DEV. Most of the time, the controls will be #$physicalParts of the device. However there are some notable exceptions -- TV remote controls, for example -- which control a device but are not #$physicalParts of that device.") (#$genlPreds #$deviceControlledBy #$temporallyIntersects) (#$isa #$deviceControlledBy #$AsymmetricBinaryPredicate) (#$negationInverse #$deviceControlledBy #$deviceControlledBy) (#$comment #$DeviceRunning "A specialization of #$PhysicalEvent. Each instance of #$DeviceRunning is an event in which some device is running. This collection includes events which are complete cycles of a device's normal function (see the specialization #$SingleCompleteRunOfADevice), as well as random time slices (see the predicate #$timeSlices) of such events. Examples of #$DeviceRunning include instances of the collections #$AirplaneTakeOff, #$SkateBoarding, and #$OffRoadMotorcycleRiding. Note that an instance of #$DeviceRunning does not need to be a continuous event. Examples of discontinuous instances of #$DeviceRunning include the following: the event of all the ignition phases of the firing of a particular automobile's engine during November of 1996; the event in which a particular TV was on and showing a commercial in the year 2001.") (#$genls #$DeviceRunning #$Individual) (#$genls #$DeviceRunning #$PhysicalEvent) (#$isa #$DeviceRunning #$DefaultDisjointScriptType) (#$isa #$DeviceRunning #$TemporalStuffType) (#$siblingDisjointExceptions #$DeviceRunning #$ChangingDeviceState) (#$siblingDisjointExceptions #$DeviceRunning #$InformationRecordingProcess) (#$siblingDisjointExceptions #$DeviceRunning #$PhysicalContactEvent) (#$siblingDisjointExceptions #$DeviceRunning #$Separation-Complete) (#$siblingDisjointExceptions #$DeviceRunning #$TakingCareOfSomething) (#$siblingDisjointExceptions #$DeviceRunning (#$TransportViaFn #$Airplane)) (#$siblingDisjointExceptions #$DeviceRunning (#$TransportViaFn #$AirTransportationDevice)) (#$comment #$Device-SingleUser "#$Device-SingleUser is a specialization of #$PhysicalDevice. Each instance of #$Device-SingleUser is a device that typically has exactly one (i.e., one and only one) \"user\" who is the only individual who derives the value of its single function at a single time. A screwdriver (an instance of #$Screwdriver) is a #$Device-SingleUser, but a grand piano (an instance of #$GrandPiano) is not. A borderline non-example is a multiple-passenger car --- although only one person operates it, several can \"use\" it at once, i.e. derive the value of its primary function (transportation). So a multiple-passanger car is not a #$Device-SingleUser. A borderline example is a telephone -- although it requires two or more users (each on telephones) for meaningful use, each phone generally has just one user at a time. So a telephone is a #$Device-SingleUser, but a telephone-circuit is not.") (#$genls #$Device-SingleUser #$Individual) (#$genls #$Device-SingleUser #$PhysicalDevice) (#$isa #$Device-SingleUser #$ExistingObjectType) (#$arg1Format #$deviceUsed #$SetTheFormat) (#$arg1Isa #$deviceUsed #$Event) (#$arg2Format #$deviceUsed #$SetTheFormat) (#$arg2Isa #$deviceUsed #$PhysicalDevice) (#$arg2Isa #$deviceUsed #$PhysicalDevice) (#$argFormat #$deviceUsed 1 #$SetTheFormat) (#$argFormat #$deviceUsed 2 #$SetTheFormat) (#$argIsa #$deviceUsed 1 #$Event) (#$argIsa #$deviceUsed 1 #$Event) (#$argIsa #$deviceUsed 2 #$PhysicalDevice) (#$argIsa #$deviceUsed 2 #$PhysicalDevice) (#$argIsa #$deviceUsed 2 #$PhysicalDevice) (#$arity #$deviceUsed 2) (#$comment #$deviceUsed "The predicate #$deviceUsed relates an event to a device used in that event. (#$deviceUsed EVENT OBJECT) means that the #$PhysicalDevice OBJECT plays an instrumental role in the #$Event EVENT (see the more generalized predicate #$instrument-Generic), OBJECT is intentionally used in EVENT, and standardly (for example, in the #$HumanActivitiesMt) OBJECT's role in EVENT is consistent with the object's #$primaryFunction.") (#$genlPreds #$deviceUsed #$instrument-Generic) (#$interArgIsa1-2 #$deviceUsed #$CuttingSomething #$CuttingDevice) (#$interArgIsa1-2 #$deviceUsed #$WritingByHand #$WritingImplement) (#$isa #$deviceUsed #$ActorSlot) (#$isa #$deviceUsed #$BinaryPredicate) (#$relationAllExists #$deviceUsed #$AttackByComputerOperation #$Computer) (#$relationAllExists #$deviceUsed #$CuttingSomething #$CuttingDevice) (#$relationAllExists #$deviceUsed #$CookingFood #$HeatingDevice) (#$relationAllExists #$deviceUsed #$UsingADevice #$PhysicalDevice) (#$relationAllExists #$deviceUsed #$UsingADevice #$TemporalThing) (#$relationAllExists #$deviceUsed #$WritingByHand #$WritingImplement) (#$sharedNotes #$deviceUsed #$DecidingWhichInstrumentPredicateToUse) (#$sharedNotes #$deviceUsed #$DecidingWhichInstrumentPredicateToUse) (#$typedGenlPreds #$deviceUsed #$instrument-Generic) (#$minimizeExtent #$deviceUsed) (#$comment #$Device-UserControlled "#$Device-UserControlled is a specialization of #$PhysicalDevice. Each instance of #$Device-UserControlled is an artifact which is normally controlled by its user while serving its intended function(s). The artifact may be guided during part or all of its operation, and the user may guide it by hand or some other means of interaction. #$Tool is an important specialization of this collection, and further examples of #$Device-UserControlled include instances of the collections #$PomPom, #$Van, #$Spoon, and #$ToiletPaper. This collection does not include those devices which merely require some user intervention to get started or to be set up, e.g., instances of #$SofaBed, #$Holster, or #$LightBulbIncandescent. #$ManualCarWindow and #$AutomaticCarWindow are also not included, since they do not require user guidance while performing their main task (keeping out the wind), although they can be adjusted by the user.") (#$genls #$Device-UserControlled #$Individual) (#$genls #$Device-UserControlled #$PhysicalDevice) (#$isa #$Device-UserControlled #$ExistingObjectType) (#$comment #$Device-UserPowered "A specialization of #$MusclePoweredDevice. Each instance of #$Device-UserPowered is an artifact deliberately designed to perform a particular function, and one which depends upon the physical efforts of the user to perform that function in part or in whole. A paradigm example would be a bicycle. However, the definition also leaves room for some counterintuitive cases -- for example, combs and forks also qualify as user-powered devices. Borderline cases would be devices which require effort on the part of the user to perform part of the function, but not all of it. For example, many gas-powered lawnmowers have to be pushed by hand, but use an internal combustion engine to impart the necessary velocity to the cutting surfaces.") (#$disjointWith #$Device-UserPowered #$SolarPoweredDevice) (#$genls #$Device-UserPowered #$Individual) (#$genls #$Device-UserPowered #$MusclePoweredDevice) (#$isa #$Device-UserPowered #$ExistingObjectType) (#$comment #$DevisedPracticeOrWork "A specialization of #$Artifact-Intangible, #$IntangibleExistingThing, and #$AbstractInformationalThing. Each instance of #$DevisedPracticeOrWork is an abstract work which is the deliberate creation of one or more individuals working in concert. Such works are instantiated either in #$Events (for instances of #$DevisedStructuredActivity (q.v.)) or in #$InformationBearingThings. Positive examples include: #$MobyDickNovel (as opposed to any instance COPY of #$BookCopy such that (#$instantiationOfWork #$MobyDickNovel COPY), #$Chess (as opposed to games of chess -- see (#$PlayingFn #$Chess)), and Beethoven's 9th Symphony (as opposed to any performance of this symphony or any copy of its score). Negative examples include paintings (instances of #$InformationBearingObject), customs (not deliberate creations), natural languages (not deliberate creations), and codes (their uses, not instantiations, are IBTs). For those works which have associated #$AbstractInformationStructures see #$ConceptualWork.") (#$genls #$DevisedPracticeOrWork #$AbstractInformationalThing) (#$genls #$DevisedPracticeOrWork #$Artifact-Intangible) (#$genls #$DevisedPracticeOrWork #$Artifact-NonAgentive) (#$genls #$DevisedPracticeOrWork #$Individual) (#$genls #$DevisedPracticeOrWork #$IntangibleExistingThing) (#$genls #$DevisedPracticeOrWork (#$CollectionUnionFn (#$TheSet #$InformationBearingThing #$DevisedPracticeOrWork))) (#$isa #$DevisedPracticeOrWork #$ObjectType) (#$isa #$DevisedPracticeOrWork #$TemporalStuffType) (#$requiredArg2Pred #$DevisedPracticeOrWork #$creatorOfCW) (#$comment #$DevisedStructuredActivity "A specialization of #$DevisedPracticeOrWork. Each instance of #$DevisedStructuredActivity is an abstraction of a largely rule-governed activity. Major specializations of this collection include #$Game and #$Sport -- instances of these collections are abstractions of activities that are obviously rule-governed.") (#$disjointWith #$DevisedStructuredActivity #$ConceptualWork) (#$genls #$DevisedStructuredActivity #$DevisedPracticeOrWork) (#$genls #$DevisedStructuredActivity #$Individual) (#$isa #$DevisedStructuredActivity #$ObjectType) (#$comment #$DiagnosingAndRepairingSomething "A specialization of both #$IntrinsicStateChangeEvent and #$HumanActivity. Each instance of #$DiagnosingAndRepairingSomething is an event in which something is diagnosed and repaired. Such events can range from fixing an instance of #$PhysicalDevice (q.v.) to killing pests that infest a place. All instances of #$DiagnosingAndRepairingSomething involve an intrinsic change in the thing which undergoes repairs. Note that a diagnosis action alone, or a repair action alone, would not be instances of this collection, although they could be sub-events of an instance of this collection.") (#$genls #$DiagnosingAndRepairingSomething #$HumanActivity) (#$genls #$DiagnosingAndRepairingSomething #$Individual) (#$genls #$DiagnosingAndRepairingSomething #$IntrinsicStateChangeEvent) (#$genls #$DiagnosingAndRepairingSomething #$SimpleRepairing) (#$genls #$DiagnosingAndRepairingSomething #$TakingCareOfSomething) (#$isa #$DiagnosingAndRepairingSomething #$DefaultDisjointScriptType) (#$siblingDisjointExceptions #$DiagnosingAndRepairingSomething #$Cleaning) (#$comment #$DietaryDeficiencyCondition "The collection of physiological conditions brought on by consuming less of a nutrient than the body requires.") (#$genls #$DietaryDeficiencyCondition #$Individual) (#$genls #$DietaryDeficiencyCondition #$Malnutrition) (#$isa #$DietaryDeficiencyCondition #$PhysiologicalConditionType) (#$arg1Isa #$DifferenceFn #$ScalarInterval) (#$arg2Isa #$DifferenceFn #$ScalarInterval) (#$argIsa #$DifferenceFn 1 #$ScalarInterval) (#$argIsa #$DifferenceFn 1 #$ScalarInterval) (#$argIsa #$DifferenceFn 2 #$ScalarInterval) (#$argIsa #$DifferenceFn 2 #$ScalarInterval) (#$arity #$DifferenceFn 2) (#$comment #$DifferenceFn "An instance of both #$BinaryFunction and #$EvaluatableFunction. When applied to an instance MINUEND of #$ScalarInterval and an instance SUBTRAHEND of #$ScalarInterval, #$DifferenceFn yields an instance of #$ScalarInterval that is the result of subtracting SUBTRAHEND from MINUEND. For example, (#$DifferenceFn 88 11) is 77 and (#$DifferenceFn (#$Kilogram 4.2) (#$Kilogram 3)) is (#$Kilogram 1.2). Note that when MINUEND is an instance of a specialization SCALAR-1 of #$ScalarInterval, SUBTRAHEND is an instance of a specialization SCALAR-2 of #$ScalarInterval, and neither (#$genls SCALAR-1 SCALAR-2) nor (#$genls SCALAR-2 SCALAR-1) holds, then (#$DifferenceFn MINUEND SUBTRAHEND) is undefined. For example, (#$DifferenceFn (#$MinutesDuration 1) (#$Meter 3)) is undefined, since (#$MinutesDuration 1) is an instance of #$Time-Quantity and (#$Meter 3) is an instance of #$Distance.") (#$isa #$DifferenceFn #$BinaryFunction) (#$isa #$DifferenceFn #$CoreConstant) (#$isa #$DifferenceFn #$EvaluatableFunction) (#$isa #$DifferenceFn #$FunctionFromQuantitiesToQuantities) (#$isa #$DifferenceFn #$PartialDenotationalFunction) (#$resultIsa #$DifferenceFn #$ScalarInterval) (#$resultIsa #$DifferenceFn #$ScalarInterval) (#$arg1Format #$different #$SetTheFormat) (#$arg2Format #$different #$SetTheFormat) (#$arg3Format #$different #$SetTheFormat) (#$arg4Format #$different #$SetTheFormat) (#$arg5Format #$different #$SetTheFormat) (#$arg6Format #$different #$SetTheFormat) (#$argFormat #$different 1 #$SetTheFormat) (#$argFormat #$different 2 #$SetTheFormat) (#$argFormat #$different 3 #$SetTheFormat) (#$argFormat #$different 4 #$SetTheFormat) (#$argFormat #$different 5 #$SetTheFormat) (#$argFormat #$different 6 #$SetTheFormat) (#$argIsa #$different 0 #$Thing) (#$argsIsa #$different #$Thing) (#$argsIsa #$different #$Thing) (#$arityMin #$different 2) (#$comment #$different "A variable-arity predicate (see #$VariableArityRelation) that is used to state the non-identity of two or more things. (#$different THING1..THINGn) means that for any THINGi and THINGj (where 0 <= i <= n, 0 <= j <= n, and i =/ j), THINGi is not identical with THINGj. That is, each of THING1, ..., THINGn is distinct from all of the others. Cf. #$equals.") (#$genlPreds #$different #$differentSymbols) (#$isa #$different #$CommutativeRelation) (#$isa #$different #$ComparisonPredicate) (#$isa #$different #$CoreConstant) (#$isa #$different #$EvaluatablePredicate) (#$isa #$different #$EvaluatableRelation) (#$isa #$different #$Predicate) (#$isa #$different #$VariableArityRelation) (#$argIsa #$differentSymbols 0 #$CycLExpression) (#$argsIsa #$differentSymbols #$CycLExpression) (#$argsIsa #$differentSymbols #$CycLExpression) (#$arityMin #$differentSymbols 2) (#$comment #$differentSymbols "This variable-arity predicate (see #$VariableArityRelation), all of whose argument-places are #$quotedArguments (q.v.), is used to make non-identity statements about two or more symbols. Stated loosely, (#$differentSymbols X1 X2 ... Xn) means that each of the Xi is a symbol that is different from all of the others. Given that the arguments are \"quoted\", however, it is more accurate to say: A ground atomic formula (or \"GAF\"; see #$CycLClosedAtomicSentence) consisting of the expression `#$differentSymbols' followed by the CycL expressions E1, ..., En (all enclosed within a pair of parentheses) is true if and only if each Ei is a different expression from all of the others. Note that two symbols can denote the same thing (in ordinary circumstances) and still be different symbols. As an example (using English expressions for convenience), the proper name `Bertrand Russell' and the descriptive phrase `the author of \"On Denoting\"' are two different expressions, even though they both denote the same person. Two symbols can even share the same intensional meaning and yet be different symbols; e.g. `bachelor' and `unmarried man'. The sentence `(#$differentSymbols #$BertrandRussell #$BertrandRussell)', on the other hand, is false. See also #$equalSymbols and #$different.") (#$isa #$differentSymbols #$CommutativeRelation) (#$isa #$differentSymbols #$CoreConstant) (#$isa #$differentSymbols #$EvaluatablePredicate) (#$isa #$differentSymbols #$EvaluatableRelation) (#$isa #$differentSymbols #$Predicate) (#$isa #$differentSymbols #$VariableArityRelation) (#$quotedArgument #$differentSymbols 1) (#$quotedArgument #$differentSymbols 2) (#$quotedArgument #$differentSymbols 3) (#$quotedArgument #$differentSymbols 4) (#$quotedArgument #$differentSymbols 5) (#$comment #$Diffidence "Unsure of himself. Emotion of a person who feels hesitant, lacking self-confidence. Distrust in my own ability, opinions or powers") (#$genls #$Diffidence #$Doubt) (#$genls #$Diffidence #$Humility) (#$isa #$Diffidence #$AtemporalNecessarilyEssentialCollectionType) (#$isa #$Diffidence #$FeelingType) (#$comment #$DigestionEvent "A specialization of #$BiologicalTransportationEvent and #$BiologicalDestructionEvent. Each instance of #$DigestionEvent is a process in which a single animal converts food into substances that can be assimilated by the body. This collection should not be confused with #$DigestingInStomach, each instance of which occurs only in an instance of #$Stomach; an instance of #$DigestionEvent spans the whole #$DigestiveSystem, from start to finish.") (#$disjointWith #$DigestionEvent #$PhysiologicalCondition) (#$disjointWith #$DigestionEvent #$StrictlyMentalEvent) (#$genls #$DigestionEvent #$BiologicalDecompositionEvent) (#$genls #$DigestionEvent #$BodilyFunctionEvent-Involuntary) (#$genls #$DigestionEvent #$Individual) (#$genls #$DigestionEvent #$SingleDoerAction) (#$genls #$DigestionEvent #$TranslationAlongInternalLivingStructure) (#$isa #$DigestionEvent #$DefaultDisjointScriptType) (#$isa #$DigestionEvent #$TemporalObjectType) (#$comment #$DigestiveSystem "A specialization of #$AnimalBodyPart and #$ConnectedPathSystem. Each instance of #$DigestiveSystem is a system of organs and other body parts which work together to accomplish the digestion function (see #$DigestionEvent).") (#$disjointWith #$DigestiveSystem #$Skin) (#$genls #$DigestiveSystem #$AnimalBodyPart) (#$genls #$DigestiveSystem #$Individual) (#$genls #$DigestiveSystem #$PipingSystem-Generic) (#$isa #$DigestiveSystem #$AnimalBodyPartType) (#$comment #$Digit-AnatomicalPart "A specialization of #$Appendage-AnimalBodyPart. Each instance of a #$Bird, #$Bat-Mammal, or other #$Vertebrate.") (#$genls #$Digit-AnatomicalPart #$Appendage-AnimalBodyPart) (#$genls #$Digit-AnatomicalPart #$Individual) (#$isa #$Digit-AnatomicalPart #$AnimalBodyPartType) (#$comment #$DimensionlessUnitOfMeasure "A subcollection of #$UnitOfMeasure. #$DimensionlessUnitOfMeasure is the collection of measurement functions whose results are instances of #$ScalarInterval which have no dimension; i.e., they are simply numbers, instances of #$IntervalOnNumberLine. Examples include #$Percent, #$Unity, #$Per1000. (#$Percent 50) returns the point-interval, one-half (0.5). (#$Unity 3 4) returns the interval that is the range of numbers between 3 and 4, inclusive.") (#$genls #$DimensionlessUnitOfMeasure #$UnitOfMeasure) (#$genls #$DimensionlessUnitOfMeasure #$UnitOfMeasure) (#$isa #$DimensionlessUnitOfMeasure #$AtemporalNecessarilyEssentialCollectionType) (#$isa #$DimensionlessUnitOfMeasure #$Collection) (#$isa #$DimensionlessUnitOfMeasure #$CoreConstant) (#$isa #$DimensionlessUnitOfMeasure #$FundamentalUnitType) (#$isa #$DimensionlessUnitOfMeasure #$InterconvertibleUnitType) (#$isa #$DimensionlessUnitOfMeasure #$UnitOfMeasureTypeByTypeMeasured) (#$arg1Format #$dimensionsOfObject #$SetTheFormat) (#$arg1Isa #$dimensionsOfObject #$SpatialThing) (#$arg2Format #$dimensionsOfObject #$SetTheFormat) (#$arg2Isa #$dimensionsOfObject #$Distance) (#$argFormat #$dimensionsOfObject 1 #$SetTheFormat) (#$argFormat #$dimensionsOfObject 2 #$SetTheFormat) (#$argIsa #$dimensionsOfObject 2 #$Distance) (#$argIsa #$dimensionsOfObject 2 #$Distance) (#$argIsa #$dimensionsOfObject 1 #$SpatialThing) (#$argIsa #$dimensionsOfObject 1 #$SpatialThing) (#$arity #$dimensionsOfObject 2) (#$comment #$dimensionsOfObject "This predicate relates an object to its dimensions. (#$dimensionsOfObject OBJ DIM) means that DIM is one of the dimensions of OBJ. When making assertions about a particular object use a more specific predicate whenever possible, e.g. #$heightOfObject, #$widthOfObject, #$diameterOfObject.") (#$genlPreds #$dimensionsOfObject #$sizeParameterOfObject) (#$isa #$dimensionsOfObject #$PhysicalAttributeDescriptionSlot) (#$transitiveViaArg #$dimensionsOfObject #$genlAttributes 2) (#$comment #$DiplomaticMission-ThePost "#$DiplomaticMission-ThePost is a specialization of #$LegalGovernmentOrganization. Each instance of #$DiplomaticMission-ThePost is an official diplomatic mission (the organization --embassy or consulate -- not physical structure) of a legal government in a foreign country.") (#$disjointWith #$DiplomaticMission-ThePost #$RegionalGovernment) (#$genls #$DiplomaticMission-ThePost #$Individual) (#$genls #$DiplomaticMission-ThePost #$LegalGovernmentOrganization) (#$isa #$DiplomaticMission-ThePost #$ExistingObjectType) (#$comment #$DirectedAcyclicGraph "The collection of all those #$DirectedGraphs (node-and-link structures in which each link has one direction) each of which has no directed cycle in it. This is the intersection of #$DirectedGraph and #$DirectedAcyclicPathSystem (which is the same as the intersection of #$SimpleGraph-GraphTheoretic and #$DirectedAcyclicPathSystem). A #$DirectedAcyclicGraph is often used as a representation of a #$PartialOrdering.") (#$genls #$DirectedAcyclicGraph #$DirectedAcyclicPathSystem) (#$genls #$DirectedAcyclicGraph #$DirectedGraph) (#$genls #$DirectedAcyclicGraph #$DirectedMultigraph) (#$genls #$DirectedAcyclicGraph #$Individual) (#$isa #$DirectedAcyclicGraph #$ObjectType) (#$isa #$DirectedAcyclicGraph #$PathSystemCycLConstant) (#$isa #$DirectedAcyclicGraph #$PathSystemType-Structural) (#$comment #$DirectedAcyclicPathSystem "The collection of all #$DirectedPathSystems each of which has no directed cycle in it (see #$directedCycleInSystem). Note that each instance of #$DirectedAcyclicPathSystem has no loops in it, although it may have an undirected graph cycle in it.") (#$genls #$DirectedAcyclicPathSystem #$DirectedPathSystem) (#$genls #$DirectedAcyclicPathSystem #$Thing) (#$isa #$DirectedAcyclicPathSystem #$Collection) (#$isa #$DirectedAcyclicPathSystem #$PathSystemCycLConstant) (#$isa #$DirectedAcyclicPathSystem #$PathSystemType-Structural) (#$arg1Isa #$directedCycleInSystem #$Path-Cyclic) (#$arg1Isa #$directedCycleInSystem #$Path-Cyclic) (#$arg2Isa #$directedCycleInSystem #$Semi-DirectedPathSystem) (#$arg2Isa #$directedCycleInSystem #$Semi-DirectedPathSystem) (#$argIsa #$directedCycleInSystem 1 #$Path-Cyclic) (#$argIsa #$directedCycleInSystem 1 #$Path-Cyclic) (#$argIsa #$directedCycleInSystem 1 #$Path-Cyclic) (#$argIsa #$directedCycleInSystem 2 #$Semi-DirectedPathSystem) (#$argIsa #$directedCycleInSystem 2 #$Semi-DirectedPathSystem) (#$argIsa #$directedCycleInSystem 2 #$Semi-DirectedPathSystem) (#$arity #$directedCycleInSystem 2) (#$arity #$directedCycleInSystem 2) (#$comment #$directedCycleInSystem "(#$directedCycleInSystem CYCLE SYS) means that CYCLE is a cycle in the #$Semi-DirectedPathSystem SYS that observes the directions of paths in SYS, i.e., all parts of CYCLE that are paths in SYS must observe the orders or directions of the paths in SYS. For example, if PATH is a path in SYS directed from X to Y in SYS, and if LINK is a link in SYS directed from Y to X, and in addition if LINK is different from PATH, then (#$JoinPathsIntoCycleFn (#$TheList X PATH Y LINK X)) is a cycle in SYS that observes the directions of paths in SYS. Note that in a #$Semi-DirectedPathSystem SYS, every loop in SYS is a directed cycle in SYS. Otherwise a directed cycle is a 'proper' cycle, i.e., it is the concatenation of some directed paths in SYS.") (#$genlPreds #$directedCycleInSystem #$cycleInSystem) (#$isa #$directedCycleInSystem #$AsymmetricBinaryPredicate) (#$isa #$directedCycleInSystem #$PathSystemCycLConstant) (#$negationInverse #$directedCycleInSystem #$directedCycleInSystem) (#$negationInverse #$directedCycleInSystem #$directedCycleInSystem) (#$comment #$DirectedGraph "The collection of all directed simple graphs, i.e., node-and-link structure in which every link has one direction and no multiple links (between a pair of nodes) or loops are allowed, as studied in graph theory. This is the intersection of #$SimpleGraph-GraphTheoretic and #$DirectedMultigraph, which is the same as the intersection of #$SimpleGraph-GraphTheoretic and #$DirectedPathSystem.") (#$genls #$DirectedGraph #$DirectedMultigraph) (#$genls #$DirectedGraph #$Individual) (#$genls #$DirectedGraph #$SimpleGraph-GraphTheoretic) (#$isa #$DirectedGraph #$ObjectType) (#$isa #$DirectedGraph #$PathSystemCycLConstant) (#$isa #$DirectedGraph #$PathSystemType-Structural) (#$comment #$DirectedMultigraph "A specialization of both #$DirectedPathSystem and #$Multigraph. Each instance of #$DirectedMultigraph is a multigraph in which every link has one direction. Note that there can be loops and multiple links between a pair of nodes in a given instance of #$DirectedMultigraph.") (#$genls #$DirectedMultigraph #$DirectedPathSystem) (#$genls #$DirectedMultigraph #$Individual) (#$genls #$DirectedMultigraph #$Multigraph) (#$genls #$DirectedMultigraph #$Multigraph) (#$genls #$DirectedMultigraph #$Multigraph) (#$isa #$DirectedMultigraph #$AtemporalNecessarilyEssentialCollectionType) (#$isa #$DirectedMultigraph #$Collection) (#$isa #$DirectedMultigraph #$CoreConstant) (#$isa #$DirectedMultigraph #$PathSystemCycLConstant) (#$isa #$DirectedMultigraph #$PathSystemType-Structural) (#$comment #$DirectedPathSystem "An instance of #$PathSystemType-Structural and a specialization of #$Semi-DirectedPathSystem. Each instance of #$DirectedPathSystem is a path system SYS in which every link LINK is given exactly one direction (specified by (#$linkFromToInSystem LINK X Y SYS), (#$PathFromFn LINK SYS), or (#$PathToFn LINK SYS)). Note that #$PathFromFn and #$PathToFn are only defined for directed path systems.") (#$genls #$DirectedPathSystem #$Semi-DirectedPathSystem) (#$genls #$DirectedPathSystem #$Thing) (#$isa #$DirectedPathSystem #$Collection) (#$isa #$DirectedPathSystem #$PathSystemCycLConstant) (#$isa #$DirectedPathSystem #$PathSystemType-Structural) (#$comment #$DirectedTranslation "A specialization of #$Movement-TranslationEvent. Each instance of #$DirectedTranslation is a movement event that is #$performedBy an #$Agent that intends for the #$objectMoving to reach a particular #$target. Examples: William Tell shooting the apple off his son's head, John Wilkes Booth shooting Abraham Lincoln, the last time you tossed a frisbee to someone, a pilot landing an airplane, and a skiier skiing one run of the downhill course.") (#$genls #$DirectedTranslation #$CausingAnotherObjectsTranslationalMotion) (#$genls #$DirectedTranslation #$ControllingSomething) (#$genls #$DirectedTranslation #$Individual) (#$isa #$DirectedTranslation #$TemporalStuffType) (#$keStrongSuggestionPreds #$DirectedTranslation #$target) (#$requiredArg1Pred #$DirectedTranslation #$target) (#$comment #$DirectFireWeapon "#$DirectFireWeapon is a specialization of #$ProjectileLauncher and #$Weapon. Each instance of #$DirectFireWeapon is a weapon that shoots a projectile such as a bullet in a flat trajectory as opposed to the arching trajectory of an #$IndirectFireWeapon.") (#$genls #$DirectFireWeapon #$Individual) (#$genls #$DirectFireWeapon #$ProjectileLauncher) (#$genls #$DirectFireWeapon #$Weapon) (#$isa #$DirectFireWeapon #$ExistingObjectType) (#$arg1Format #$directingAgent #$SetTheFormat) (#$arg1Isa #$directingAgent #$Event) (#$arg1Isa #$directingAgent #$Event) (#$arg2Format #$directingAgent #$SetTheFormat) (#$arg2Isa #$directingAgent #$Agent) (#$arg2Isa #$directingAgent #$Agent) (#$argFormat #$directingAgent 1 #$SetTheFormat) (#$argFormat #$directingAgent 2 #$SetTheFormat) (#$argIsa #$directingAgent 2 #$Agent) (#$argIsa #$directingAgent 2 #$Agent) (#$argIsa #$directingAgent 2 #$Agent) (#$argIsa #$directingAgent 1 #$Event) (#$argIsa #$directingAgent 1 #$Event) (#$argIsa #$directingAgent 1 #$Event) (#$arity #$directingAgent 2) (#$comment #$directingAgent "An instance of #$ActorSlot (q.v.) that is a specialization of #$deliberateActors and an inverse-specialization (see #$genlInverse) of #$controls. (#$directingAgent EVENT DIRECTOR) means that DIRECTOR deliberately controls or directs EVENT. AGENT might or might not perform EVENT directly. If an agent other than DIRECTOR performs (see #$performedBy) EVENT, then that performer's actions in EVENT are controlled by at least one of EVENT's directing agents. (In many cases, of course, EVENT will have only one director.) Non-performing directors typically control the actual performers by communicating instructions (or orders, commands, etc.) to them. For example, (#$directingAgent PSOBicentennialConcertOfBeethovensNinth WilliamSteinberg) holds, because Steinberg was the conductor of that concert; he directed the many other musicians who performed in that event. Other examples are (#$directingAgent MassacreAtMyLai LtWilliamCalley) and (#$directingAgent TateLaBiancaMurders CharlesManson).") (#$genlInverse #$directingAgent #$controls) (#$genlPreds #$directingAgent #$deliberateActors) (#$isa #$directingAgent #$ActorSlot) (#$isa #$directingAgent #$AgentiveRole) (#$isa #$directingAgent #$BinaryPredicate) (#$isa #$directingAgent #$IndividualLevelPredicate) (#$relationAllExists #$directingAgent #$LawEnforcementActivity #$LawEnforcementOrganization) (#$relationAllExists #$directingAgent #$CuttingSomething #$Person) (#$minimizeExtent #$directingAgent) (#$comment #$Direction "A specialization of #$UnitVectorInterval (q.v.). Each instance of #$Direction is a vector representing a direction, typically between two objects or locations. Specializations include #$GeographicalDirection, #$TerrestrialDirection, and #$AnatomicalDirection. Note that, since a given vector can represent a particular direction only in relation to some frame of reference, a frame of reference must be (explicitly or implicitly) specified for assertions about particular directions, either by the context (i.e. #$Microtheory) of the assertion or by the type of #$Direction in question (e.g. #$GeographicalDirections are intrinsically tied to a particular terrestrial frame of reference).") (#$genls #$Direction #$Individual) (#$genls #$Direction #$UnitVectorInterval) (#$isa #$Direction #$FirstOrderCollection) (#$arg1Isa #$directionBetweenObjects #$SpatialThing) (#$arg2Isa #$directionBetweenObjects #$SpatialThing) (#$arg3Format #$directionBetweenObjects #$GenlAttributesFormat) (#$arg3Isa #$directionBetweenObjects #$UnitVectorInterval) (#$argFormat #$directionBetweenObjects 3 #$GenlAttributesFormat) (#$argIsa #$directionBetweenObjects 1 #$SpatialThing) (#$argIsa #$directionBetweenObjects 1 #$SpatialThing) (#$argIsa #$directionBetweenObjects 2 #$SpatialThing) (#$argIsa #$directionBetweenObjects 2 #$SpatialThing) (#$argIsa #$directionBetweenObjects 3 #$UnitVectorInterval) (#$argIsa #$directionBetweenObjects 3 #$UnitVectorInterval) (#$arity #$directionBetweenObjects 3) (#$comment #$directionBetweenObjects "(#$directionBetweenObjects OBJ1 OBJ2 UVI) means that UVI, an instance of #$UnitVectorInterval , is a vector or set of vectors which point(s) from a point (or set of points) in OBJ1 to a point (or set of points) in OBJ2. See also #$VectorFromToFn which is roughly interchangeable with #$directionBetweenObjects. #$directionBetweenObjects has the advantage that an arbitrarily precise direction may be specified. #$VectorFromToFn saves the user from doing the labor involved with reifying and from having to know the direction between OBJ1 and OBJ2.") (#$isa #$directionBetweenObjects #$TernaryPredicate) (#$arg1Isa #$directionOfTranslation-Avg #$Movement-TranslationEvent) (#$arg1Isa #$directionOfTranslation-Avg #$Movement-TranslationEvent) (#$arg2Isa #$directionOfTranslation-Avg #$UnitVectorInterval) (#$arg2Isa #$directionOfTranslation-Avg #$UnitVectorInterval) (#$argIsa #$directionOfTranslation-Avg 1 #$Movement-TranslationEvent) (#$argIsa #$directionOfTranslation-Avg 1 #$Movement-TranslationEvent) (#$argIsa #$directionOfTranslation-Avg 1 #$Movement-TranslationEvent) (#$argIsa #$directionOfTranslation-Avg 2 #$UnitVectorInterval) (#$argIsa #$directionOfTranslation-Avg 2 #$UnitVectorInterval) (#$argIsa #$directionOfTranslation-Avg 2 #$UnitVectorInterval) (#$arity #$directionOfTranslation-Avg 2) (#$comment #$directionOfTranslation-Avg "Predicate used to specify the 'general' direction of travel in a #$Movement-TranslationEvent. The direction will be stated as a range specified with a vector interval. ") (#$isa #$directionOfTranslation-Avg #$BinaryPredicate) (#$arg1Format #$directionOfTranslation-Throughout #$openEntryFormatInArgs) (#$arg1Isa #$directionOfTranslation-Throughout #$Movement-TranslationEvent) (#$arg2Isa #$directionOfTranslation-Throughout #$UnitVectorInterval) (#$argFormat #$directionOfTranslation-Throughout 1 #$openEntryFormatInArgs) (#$argIsa #$directionOfTranslation-Throughout 1 #$Movement-TranslationEvent) (#$argIsa #$directionOfTranslation-Throughout 1 #$Movement-TranslationEvent) (#$argIsa #$directionOfTranslation-Throughout 2 #$UnitVectorInterval) (#$argIsa #$directionOfTranslation-Throughout 2 #$UnitVectorInterval) (#$arity #$directionOfTranslation-Throughout 2) (#$comment #$directionOfTranslation-Throughout "(#$directionOfTranslation-Throughout MOVEMENT DIR) means that the object moving in MOVEMENT (see the predicate #$primaryObjectMoving) moves in the direction DIR throughout MOVEMENT, so that DIR is the direction of the object moving during each time slice (see #$timeSlices) of MOVEMENT.") (#$genlPreds #$directionOfTranslation-Throughout #$directionOfTranslation-Avg) (#$isa #$directionOfTranslation-Throughout #$BinaryPredicate) (#$isa #$directionOfTranslation-Throughout #$IntangibleObjectPredicate) (#$transitiveViaArg #$directionOfTranslation-Throughout #$subEvents 1) (#$arg1Isa #$direction-Pointing #$SpatialThing) (#$arg2Isa #$direction-Pointing #$UnitVectorInterval) (#$argIsa #$direction-Pointing 1 #$SpatialThing) (#$argIsa #$direction-Pointing 1 #$SpatialThing) (#$argIsa #$direction-Pointing 2 #$UnitVectorInterval) (#$argIsa #$direction-Pointing 2 #$UnitVectorInterval) (#$arity #$direction-Pointing 2) (#$comment #$direction-Pointing "(#$direction-Pointing OBJ DIR) means that the intrinsic pointing axis of OBJ points in the direction DIR (which is described using an instance of #$UnitVectorInterval). Pointing axes may be ascribed to certain objects especially in relation to their function(s); e.g., objects which are intended to indicate direction (e.g., a pointer stick, a compass needle); objects which cause motion in a certain direction (e.g., a gun, a train); objects which are accessed from a certain direction (e.g., cupboards, couches).") (#$isa #$direction-Pointing #$BinaryPredicate) (#$isa #$direction-Pointing #$SpatialPredicate) (#$arg1Isa #$directionPreservingSubSystems #$Semi-DirectedPathSystem) (#$arg1Isa #$directionPreservingSubSystems #$Semi-DirectedPathSystem) (#$arg2Isa #$directionPreservingSubSystems #$Semi-DirectedPathSystem) (#$arg2Isa #$directionPreservingSubSystems #$Semi-DirectedPathSystem) (#$argIsa #$directionPreservingSubSystems 1 #$Semi-DirectedPathSystem) (#$argIsa #$directionPreservingSubSystems 1 #$Semi-DirectedPathSystem) (#$argIsa #$directionPreservingSubSystems 1 #$Semi-DirectedPathSystem) (#$argIsa #$directionPreservingSubSystems 2 #$Semi-DirectedPathSystem) (#$argIsa #$directionPreservingSubSystems 2 #$Semi-DirectedPathSystem) (#$argIsa #$directionPreservingSubSystems 2 #$Semi-DirectedPathSystem) (#$arity #$directionPreservingSubSystems 2) (#$comment #$directionPreservingSubSystems "(#$directionPreservingSubSystems SYS SUBSYS) means that (i) both SYS and SUBSYS are semi-directed path systems (see #$Semi-DirectedPathSystem), (ii) SUBSYS is a subsystem of SYS (so that (#$subPathSystems SYS SUBSYS) holds), and (iii) SUBSYS preserves the directions of links, in the following sense: for each link LINK in SUBSYS, (#$linkFromToInSystem LINK X Y SUBSYS) iff (#$linkFromToInSystem LINK X Y SYS).") (#$genlPreds #$directionPreservingSubSystems #$subPathSystems) (#$isa #$directionPreservingSubSystems #$AntiSymmetricBinaryPredicate) (#$isa #$directionPreservingSubSystems #$PathSystemCycLConstant) (#$isa #$directionPreservingSubSystems #$ReflexiveBinaryPredicate) (#$isa #$directionPreservingSubSystems #$TransitiveBinaryPredicate) (#$comment #$DirectiveIllocutionaryForce "A collection of illocutionary forces. If a communication act has an instance of this collection as an attribute, then the communication explains or refers directly to some action and, depending upon the relevant illocutionary force, expresses the speaker's (see #$senderOfInfo) desire that the communication target (#$communicationTarget) either perform or not perform the action referred to in the communication act.") (#$genls #$DirectiveIllocutionaryForce #$AttributeValue) (#$isa #$DirectiveIllocutionaryForce #$AtemporalNecessarilyEssentialCollectionType) (#$isa #$DirectiveIllocutionaryForce #$IllocutionaryForceType) (#$isa #$DirectiveIllocutionaryForce #$ObjectType) (#$comment #$Dirtiness "A specialization of #$ScalarInterval. Each instance of the collection #$Dirtiness is a specific level of dirtiness (or, alternatively, cleanliness). Instances of #$Dirtiness include #$Dirty, #$ReallyDirty, #$ALittleDirty, #$Clean, and #$Sterile. Indicate a particular object's #$Dirtiness with the predicate #$dirtinessOfObject (q.v.).") (#$genls #$Dirtiness #$ScalarInterval) (#$isa #$Dirtiness #$AtemporalNecessarilyEssentialCollectionType) (#$isa #$Dirtiness #$LinearOrderAttributeType) (#$arg1Isa #$dirtinessOfObject #$PartiallyTangible) (#$arg2Format #$dirtinessOfObject #$IntervalEntry) (#$arg2Isa #$dirtinessOfObject #$Dirtiness) (#$argFormat #$dirtinessOfObject 2 #$IntervalEntry) (#$argIsa #$dirtinessOfObject 2 #$Dirtiness) (#$argIsa #$dirtinessOfObject 2 #$Dirtiness) (#$argIsa #$dirtinessOfObject 1 #$PartiallyTangible) (#$argIsa #$dirtinessOfObject 1 #$PartiallyTangible) (#$arity #$dirtinessOfObject 2) (#$comment #$dirtinessOfObject "(#$dirtinessOfObject OBJ DEGREE) means that the tangible object OBJ has this DEGREE of #$Dirtiness.") (#$functionalInArgs #$dirtinessOfObject 2) (#$isa #$dirtinessOfObject #$IntervalBasedQuantitySlot) (#$transitiveViaArg #$dirtinessOfObject #$genlAttributes 2) (#$comment #$DisappearingFromSight "This is the collection of events in which an object becomes hidden from an animal's sight, either by becoming too distant to be seen, or by the animal's line of sight becoming blocked by another object. An animal may not actually see the object before it disappears, but it was visible in the context.") (#$genls #$DisappearingFromSight #$Individual) (#$genls #$DisappearingFromSight #$MovementEvent) (#$isa #$DisappearingFromSight #$SituationType) (#$isa #$DisappearingFromSight #$TemporalObjectType) (#$comment #$Disappointed "A specialization of #$IntelligentAgent. Each instance is an agent in the emotional state of being dissapointed. Use this constant with a #$GenericValueFunction to denote a collection of agents that are in this emotional state to some varying degree.") (#$genls #$Disappointed #$Dissatisfied) (#$genls #$Disappointed #$Individual) (#$genls #$Disappointed #$Sad) (#$isa #$Disappointed #$AgentTypeByEmotionalState) (#$isa #$Disappointed #$FirstOrderCollection) (#$comment #$Disappointment "The attribute-type associated with feeling defeated in expectation or hope. (For the rationale behind treating feelings as types -- i.e. collections -- of attributes, see the comment on #$Happiness.)") (#$genls #$Disappointment #$Dissatisfaction) (#$genls #$Disappointment #$Sadness) (#$isa #$Disappointment #$AtemporalNecessarilyEssentialCollectionType) (#$isa #$Disappointment #$FeelingType) (#$comment #$Disapproval "The emotion or state of disapproving of something; a negative attitude towards some situation, proposal, person, or thing, implying a judgment based on explicit or implicit standards (rational, moral, pragmatic, or etc.). This is a collection; for an explanation of a typical #$FeelingType, see #$Happiness. More specialized #$FeelingTypes than #$Disapproval are #$Contempt, #$Hate, #$Abhorrence, etc. More subtly, it is often true that feelings of #$Jealousy or #$Envy manifest in superficial shows of #$Disapproval. #$Disapproval is a #$Collection --- for an explanation of that, see #$Happiness.") (#$genls #$Disapproval #$FeelingAttribute) (#$isa #$Disapproval #$AtemporalNecessarilyEssentialCollectionType) (#$isa #$Disapproval #$FeelingType) (#$comment #$Disapproval-CommunicationAct "A specialization of #$Inform-CommunicationAct. In each instance of #$Disapproval-CommunicationAct, an #$Agent expresses disapproval of something. Instances of #$Disapproval-CommunicationAct are often (though not always) accompanied by feelings of #$Disapproval. For situations where what the agent disapproves of can be expressed in propositional form, see #$disapprovedStatement. It is also worth noting that instances of #$Disapproval-CommunicationAct differ from instances of #$Rejecting-CommunicationAct, in that the former are expressed judgments that a certain action or opinion is inappropriate, morally wrong, etc., while the latter involve the denial of the propositional content of some communication.") (#$genls #$Disapproval-CommunicationAct #$Individual) (#$genls #$Disapproval-CommunicationAct #$Inform-CommunicationAct) (#$isa #$Disapproval-CommunicationAct #$TemporalObjectType) (#$comment #$Disc3DShape "A subcollection of #$CylinderShape. Each instance of #$Disc3DShape has a height much less than the radius of its base.") (#$genls #$Disc3DShape #$CylinderShape) (#$genls #$Disc3DShape #$Individual) (#$isa #$Disc3DShape #$GenericShapeType) (#$isa #$Disc3DShape #$ThreeDimensionalShapeType) (#$comment #$DiseaseLexicalMt "This Mt is for holding #$denotation and #$multiWordString assertions for diseases until we decide upon a principled approach to handling such things. These assertions are here because we don't want to get rid of them completely, they will be useful in the future when we convert to the new system, but we also don't want them visible in the UIA. The assertions we *will* be using for the time being are #$preferredNameString and #$nameString assertions for diseases. These assertions can be found in the #$GeneralEnglishMt.") (#$genlMt #$DiseaseLexicalMt #$BaseKB) (#$genlMt #$DiseaseLexicalMt #$GeneralEnglishMt) (#$genlMt #$DiseaseLexicalMt #$GeneralLexiconMt) (#$isa #$DiseaseLexicalMt #$EnglishLexicalMicrotheory) (#$isa #$DiseaseLexicalMt #$Microtheory) (#$comment #$DiseaseType "A collection of collections. Each instance of #$DiseaseType is a subcollection of #$AilmentCondition that is normally classified as a type of disease.") (#$genls #$DiseaseType #$PhysiologicalConditionType) (#$isa #$DiseaseType #$AtemporalNecessarilyEssentialCollectionType) (#$isa #$DiseaseType #$CollectionType) (#$isa #$DiseaseType #$CollectionType) (#$isa #$DiseaseType #$CollectionType) (#$isa #$DiseaseType #$CollectionType) (#$isa #$DiseaseType #$CollectionType) (#$isa #$DiseaseType #$CollectionType) (#$isa #$DiseaseType #$ConventionalClassificationType) (#$isa #$DiseaseType #$SecondOrderCollection) (#$typeGenls #$DiseaseType #$AilmentCondition) (#$comment #$Disgust "A feeling of repulsion or aversion towards something considered distasteful or repugnant. This is a #$Collection --- for an explanation of that, see #$Happiness. Some more specialized #$FeelingTypes than #$Disgust include feelings of #$Abhorrence.") (#$genls #$Disgust #$Dislike) (#$isa #$Disgust #$AtemporalNecessarilyEssentialCollectionType) (#$isa #$Disgust #$FeelingType) (#$comment #$Disgusted "A specialization of #$IntelligentAgent. Each instance is an agent in the emotional state of being disgusted. Use this constant with a #$GenericValueFunction to denote a collection of agents that are in this emotional state to some varying degree.") (#$genls #$Disgusted #$Individual) (#$genls #$Disgusted #$IntelligentAgent) (#$isa #$Disgusted #$AgentTypeByEmotionalState) (#$isa #$Disgusted #$FirstOrderCollection) (#$comment #$DisjointCollectionType "A collection of collections of collections and a specialization of #$SiblingDisjointCollectionType (q.v.). A disjoint collection type is such that its instances are collections that are all disjoint from one another. That is, each instance DISCOLTYPE of #$DisjointCollectionType is a collection whose instances are mutually disjoint collections: no two instances of DISCOLTYPE have any instances in common. Instances of #$DisjointCollectionType include #$BiologicalSpecies and #$SportsTeamTypeBySport.") (#$genls #$DisjointCollectionType #$DisjointSetOrCollectionType) (#$genls #$DisjointCollectionType #$SiblingDisjointCollectionType) (#$isa #$DisjointCollectionType #$AtemporalNecessarilyEssentialCollectionType) (#$isa #$DisjointCollectionType #$CollectionType) (#$isa #$DisjointCollectionType #$CollectionTypeType) (#$isa #$DisjointCollectionType #$VariableOrderCollection) (#$typeGenls #$DisjointCollectionType #$Collection) (#$arg1Isa #$disjointDirections #$VectorInterval) (#$arg2Isa #$disjointDirections #$VectorInterval) (#$argIsa #$disjointDirections 1 #$VectorInterval) (#$argIsa #$disjointDirections 1 #$VectorInterval) (#$argIsa #$disjointDirections 2 #$VectorInterval) (#$argIsa #$disjointDirections 2 #$VectorInterval) (#$arity #$disjointDirections 2) (#$comment #$disjointDirections "A predicate that relates #$VectorIntervals (q.v.) whose directions do not overlap. (#$disjointDirections VECTOR1 VECTOR2) means that the direction-interval components of VECTOR1 and VECTOR2 are disjoint with each other. Specializations of this predicate include #$oppositeDirection-Interval and #$perpendicularVectors.") (#$genlInverse #$disjointDirections #$disjointDirections) (#$isa #$disjointDirections #$IrreflexiveBinaryPredicate) (#$isa #$disjointDirections #$SymmetricBinaryPredicate) (#$comment #$DisjointSetOrCollectionType "A collection of mathematical sets and collections whose elements are themselves mathematical sets or collections. A set or collection, SETORCOL, of sets or collections is an instance of #$DisjointSetOrCollectionType just in case the elements of SETORCOL are mutually disjoint -- that is, no two elements of SETORCOL have any elements in common.") (#$genls #$DisjointSetOrCollectionType #$SetOrCollectionType) (#$genls #$DisjointSetOrCollectionType #$SiblingDisjointSetOrCollectionType) (#$isa #$DisjointSetOrCollectionType #$AtemporalNecessarilyEssentialCollectionType) (#$isa #$DisjointSetOrCollectionType #$SetOrCollectionType) (#$isa #$DisjointSetOrCollectionType #$VariableOrderCollection) (#$comment (#$disjointWith #$InanimateThing-Natural #$InanimateThing-NonNatural) "These two collections do not partition #$InanimateThing (q.v.), as some inanimate objects are best described as \"partly natural and partly non-natural\", e.g. a dead lawn, a Zen rock garden, or a pile of raked leaves. Should the collection of such \"intermediate\" things be reified (as \"InanimateThing-PartiallyNatural\"?), then the three collections might jointly partition (see #$partitionedInto) #$InanimateThing.") (#$arg1Format #$disjointWith #$SetTheFormat) (#$arg1Genl #$disjointWith #$Thing) (#$arg1Isa #$disjointWith #$Collection) (#$arg2Format #$disjointWith #$SetTheFormat) (#$arg2Genl #$disjointWith #$Thing) (#$arg2Isa #$disjointWith #$Collection) (#$argFormat #$disjointWith 1 #$SetTheFormat) (#$argFormat #$disjointWith 2 #$SetTheFormat) (#$argGenl #$disjointWith 1 #$Thing) (#$argGenl #$disjointWith 1 #$Thing) (#$argGenl #$disjointWith 2 #$Thing) (#$argGenl #$disjointWith 2 #$Thing) (#$argIsa #$disjointWith 1 #$Collection) (#$argIsa #$disjointWith 1 #$Collection) (#$argIsa #$disjointWith 1 #$Collection) (#$argIsa #$disjointWith 2 #$Collection) (#$argIsa #$disjointWith 2 #$Collection) (#$argIsa #$disjointWith 2 #$Collection) (#$arity #$disjointWith 2) (#$arity #$disjointWith 2) (#$comment #$disjointWith "A #$TaxonomicSlot predicate that relates collections (see #$Collection) that have no instances in common. (#$disjointWith COL1 COL2) means that COL1 is disjoint with COL2: nothing is an element of both. That is, there is no THING such that both (#$isa THING COL1) and (#$isa THING COL2) hold. For example, (#$disjointWith #$Herbivore #$Carnivore) holds because no animal is both a herbivore and a carnivore. Note that #$disjointWith is _not_ irreflexive (see #$IrreflexiveBinaryPredicate): it is possible for a collection to be disjoint with itself, though only if it is empty (i.e. has no instances). Thus, for example, (#$disjointWith #$Nothing #$Nothing) holds. Cf. #$intersectsWith.") (#$genlInverse #$disjointWith #$disjointWith) (#$genlPreds #$disjointWith #$no-GenQuant) (#$isa #$disjointWith #$DefaultMonotonicPredicate) (#$isa #$disjointWith #$LogicalTruthConstant) (#$isa #$disjointWith #$OpenCycDefinitionalPredicate) (#$isa #$disjointWith #$PossibleDefinitionalPredicate) (#$isa #$disjointWith #$Predicate) (#$isa #$disjointWith #$RuleMacroPredicate) (#$isa #$disjointWith #$SymmetricBinaryPredicate) (#$isa #$disjointWith #$TaxonomicSlotForCollections) (#$transitiveViaArgInverse #$disjointWith #$genls 1) (#$transitiveViaArgInverse #$disjointWith #$genls 2) (#$typedGenlPreds #$disjointWith #$no-GenQuant) (#$comment #$Dislike "A feeling of disaffection or disaffinity for a person or thing. This is a #$Collection --- for an explanation of that, see #$Happiness. Some more specialized #$FeelingTypes than #$Dislike are #$Disgust, #$Contempt, #$Hate, #$Resentment, etc.") (#$genls #$Dislike #$FeelingAttribute) (#$isa #$Dislike #$AtemporalNecessarilyEssentialCollectionType) (#$isa #$Dislike #$FeelingType) (#$arg1Format #$dislikes-Generic #$SetTheFormat) (#$arg1Isa #$dislikes-Generic #$Agent-Generic) (#$arg1Isa #$dislikes-Generic #$Agent-Generic) (#$arg2Format #$dislikes-Generic #$SetTheFormat) (#$arg2Isa #$dislikes-Generic #$Thing) (#$arg2Isa #$dislikes-Generic #$Thing) (#$argFormat #$dislikes-Generic 1 #$SetTheFormat) (#$argFormat #$dislikes-Generic 2 #$SetTheFormat) (#$argIsa #$dislikes-Generic 1 #$Agent-Generic) (#$argIsa #$dislikes-Generic 1 #$Agent-Generic) (#$argIsa #$dislikes-Generic 1 #$Agent-Generic) (#$argIsa #$dislikes-Generic 2 #$Thing) (#$argIsa #$dislikes-Generic 2 #$Thing) (#$argIsa #$dislikes-Generic 2 #$Thing) (#$arity #$dislikes-Generic 2) (#$comment #$dislikes-Generic "(#$dislikes-Generic SUBJ OBJ) means that SUBJ dislikes OBJ. This is a very general dislike relation which is most useful for organising dislike relations and for use during inference; for representation purposes, use a specialization.") (#$genlPreds #$dislikes-Generic #$hasEmotionAbout) (#$isa #$dislikes-Generic #$BinaryPredicate) (#$negationPreds #$dislikes-Generic #$likes-Generic) (#$arg1Format #$dislikesObject #$SetTheFormat) (#$arg1Isa #$dislikesObject #$Agent) (#$arg1Isa #$dislikesObject #$PerceptualAgent) (#$arg1Isa #$dislikesObject #$PerceptualAgent) (#$arg2Format #$dislikesObject #$SetTheFormat) (#$arg2Format #$dislikesObject #$SetTheFormat) (#$arg2Isa #$dislikesObject #$SomethingExisting) (#$arg2Isa #$dislikesObject #$SomethingExisting) (#$argFormat #$dislikesObject 1 #$SetTheFormat) (#$argFormat #$dislikesObject 2 #$SetTheFormat) (#$argFormat #$dislikesObject 2 #$SetTheFormat) (#$argIsa #$dislikesObject 1 #$Agent) (#$argIsa #$dislikesObject 1 #$Agent) (#$argIsa #$dislikesObject 1 #$PerceptualAgent) (#$argIsa #$dislikesObject 1 #$PerceptualAgent) (#$argIsa #$dislikesObject 1 #$PerceptualAgent) (#$argIsa #$dislikesObject 2 #$SomethingExisting) (#$argIsa #$dislikesObject 2 #$SomethingExisting) (#$argIsa #$dislikesObject 2 #$SomethingExisting) (#$arity #$dislikesObject 2) (#$comment #$dislikesObject "(#$dislikesObject AGT OBJ) means that when the sentient agent AGT is interacting in some way with OBJ, that agent feels some measure of displeasure --- that is, (#$feelsEmotion AGT (#$LowAmountFn #$Enjoyment)). The kinds of interactions that produce displeasure depend largely on what kind of thing OBJ is. Thus, `Joe dislikes the Mona Lisa' implies that Joe feels displeasure when viewing the Mona Lisa. But `Joe dislikes pizza' implies that Joe feels displeasure when eating that kind of food, and would prefer not to eat it. There are some specialized predicates of #$dislikesObject that give more information such as #$hates.") (#$genlPreds #$dislikesObject #$dislikes-Generic) (#$genlPreds #$dislikesObject #$hasEmotionAboutExistingThing) (#$genlPreds #$dislikesObject #$negativeVestedInterest) (#$isa #$dislikesObject #$BinaryPredicate) (#$isa #$dislikesObject #$CognitiveAwarenessPredicate) (#$isa #$dislikesObject #$ObjectPredicate) (#$typedGenlPreds #$dislikesObject #$dislikes-Generic) (#$arg1Isa #$dislikesRoleInEventType #$Agent) (#$arg2Isa #$dislikesRoleInEventType #$BinaryRolePredicate) (#$arg3Genl #$dislikesRoleInEventType #$Event) (#$arg3Isa #$dislikesRoleInEventType #$Collection) (#$argGenl #$dislikesRoleInEventType 3 #$Event) (#$argGenl #$dislikesRoleInEventType 3 #$Event) (#$argIsa #$dislikesRoleInEventType 1 #$Agent) (#$argIsa #$dislikesRoleInEventType 1 #$Agent) (#$argIsa #$dislikesRoleInEventType 2 #$BinaryRolePredicate) (#$argIsa #$dislikesRoleInEventType 2 #$BinaryRolePredicate) (#$argIsa #$dislikesRoleInEventType 3 #$Collection) (#$argIsa #$dislikesRoleInEventType 3 #$Collection) (#$arity #$dislikesRoleInEventType 3) (#$comment #$dislikesRoleInEventType "This predicate relates agents to the kinds of things they dislike doing. (#$dislikesRoleInEventType AGENT ROLE EVENTTYPE) means that AGENT dislikes playing ROLE in events of the type EVENTTYPE. This entails that AGENT actually _has_ played -- and disliked playing -- ROLE in one or more instances of EVENTTYPE, and that s/he found most (if not all) such occasions unpleasant. Typically, AGENT will have played ROLE in a number of instances of EVENTTYPE. For example, (#$dislikesRoleInEventType Joe #$performedBy #$Running) means that Joe dislikes running. Cf. #$likesRoleInEventType.") (#$isa #$dislikesRoleInEventType #$ObjectPredicate) (#$isa #$dislikesRoleInEventType #$TernaryPredicate) (#$comment #$DisputeEvent "A collection of events with multiple participants. In each #$DisputeEvent, some participants seek to achieve states of affairs that other participants seek to prevent. Disputes may or may not get settled. Settlement of a dispute may be by fighting, by competition, by using a mediator or court, by chance, by mutual reasoning, etc.") (#$genls #$DisputeEvent #$ConflictEvent) (#$genls #$DisputeEvent #$HostileSocialAction) (#$genls #$DisputeEvent #$Individual) (#$isa #$DisputeEvent #$DefaultDisjointScriptType) (#$isa #$DisputeEvent #$TemporalObjectType) (#$comment #$Dissatisfaction "Feeling of discontent, due to a lack of fulfillment of an agent's desires, needs, or requirements. This is a collection; for an explanation of a typical #$FeelingType, see #$Happiness. Some more specialized #$FeelingTypes than #$Dissatisfaction are #$Disappointment, #$Frustration, #$Impatience, #$Anger, etc. ") (#$genls #$Dissatisfaction #$FeelingAttribute) (#$isa #$Dissatisfaction #$AtemporalNecessarilyEssentialCollectionType) (#$isa #$Dissatisfaction #$FeelingType) (#$comment #$Dissatisfied "A specialization of #$IntelligentAgent. Each instance is an agent in the emotional state of being dissatisfied. Use this constant with a #$GenericValueFunction to denote a collection of agents that are in this emotional state to some varying degree.") (#$genls #$Dissatisfied #$Individual) (#$genls #$Dissatisfied #$IntelligentAgent) (#$isa #$Dissatisfied #$AgentTypeByEmotionalState) (#$isa #$Dissatisfied #$FirstOrderCollection) (#$comment #$Dissolving "The collection of all events in which one solid or gasseous substance disolves in some fluid. After disolving the matter in the #$objectOfStateChange is dispersed in discrete molecules or ions") (#$comment #$Dissolving "A specialization of #$PhysicalTransformationEvent. In each instance of #$Dissolving, a solute dissolves in a solvent to form a solution.") (#$genls #$Dissolving #$Individual) (#$genls #$Dissolving #$IntrinsicStateChangeEvent) (#$genls #$Dissolving #$PhysicalTransformationEvent) (#$isa #$Dissolving #$DefaultDisjointScriptType) (#$isa #$Dissolving #$TemporalStuffType) (#$comment #$Distance "A specialization of #$PhysicalQuantity. Each instance of #$Distance is the length of a path in space extending from one point to another. In some contexts, for example in the argument 2 position of #$altitudeAboveSeaLevel, an instance of #$Distance will include directional information. In these contexts, instances can take on positive or negative values. In other contexts, directional information will not matter, and instances of #$Distance will only take on non-negative values. See the specialization #$Distance-Absolute for measures of distance that necessarily do not include directional information, and thus are always non-negative. An instance of #$Distance may be either a fixed interval, such as the height of the #$WashingtonMonumentInWashingtonDC or the altitude of the #$DeadSea, or a range, such as #$WithinAudibleDistance (see #$ScalarInterval for more explanation). See #$UnitOfDistance for the units used by Cyc to measure distances.") (#$disjointWith #$Distance #$ComputerMemoryCapacity) (#$disjointWith #$Distance #$Density) (#$disjointWith #$Distance #$Elasticity) (#$disjointWith #$Distance #$ElectricalResistance) (#$disjointWith #$Distance #$Rate) (#$disjointWith #$Distance #$Voltage) (#$disjointWith #$Distance #$Volume) (#$genls #$Distance #$PhysicalQuantity) (#$isa #$Distance #$AtemporalNecessarilyEssentialCollectionType) (#$isa #$Distance #$FundamentalNumericScalarIntervalType) (#$arg1Isa #$distanceAboveSeaLevel #$GeographicalRegion) (#$arg2Format #$distanceAboveSeaLevel #$IntervalEntry) (#$arg2Isa #$distanceAboveSeaLevel #$Distance) (#$argFormat #$distanceAboveSeaLevel 2 #$IntervalEntry) (#$argIsa #$distanceAboveSeaLevel 2 #$Distance) (#$argIsa #$distanceAboveSeaLevel 2 #$Distance) (#$argIsa #$distanceAboveSeaLevel 1 #$GeographicalRegion) (#$argIsa #$distanceAboveSeaLevel 1 #$GeographicalRegion) (#$arity #$distanceAboveSeaLevel 2) (#$comment #$distanceAboveSeaLevel "(#$distanceAboveSeaLevel REG DIST) means that the altitude above sea level of the #$GeographicalRegion REG is the #$Distance DIST. For elements of #$Mountain, distance is measured from sea level to the peak; for elements of #$Lake, from the surface to sea level; for cities, from the center of town to sea level. Examples: (#$distanceAboveSeaLevel #$PikesPeak-Mount (#$Foot-UnitOfMeasure 14110)); (#$distanceAboveSeaLevel #$MountEverest (#$Foot-UnitOfMeasure 29028)); (#$distanceAboveSeaLevel #$MountFuji-Volcano (#$Foot-UnitOfMeasure 12389)); (#$distanceAboveSeaLevel #$LakeHuron (#$Foot-UnitOfMeasure 580)). To describe ``distance above sea level'' for a non-#$GeographicalRegion, see #$altitudeAboveSeaLevel.") (#$functionalInArgs #$distanceAboveSeaLevel 2) (#$functionalInArgs #$distanceAboveSeaLevel 2) (#$genlPreds #$distanceAboveSeaLevel #$altitudeAboveSeaLevel) (#$isa #$distanceAboveSeaLevel #$IntervalBasedQuantitySlot) (#$comment #$Distance-Absolute "#$Distance-Absolute is the length of a path in space extending from one point to another. Unlike #$Distance, instances of #$Distance-Absolute do not contain directional information. Rather #$Distance-Absolute is by definition a scalar, not a vector quantity, and is thus always positive or zero. Instances of #$Distance may be either a fixed interval such as the height of the #$WashingtonMonumentInWashingtonDC, or a range, such as #$WithinAudibleDistance (see #$ScalarInterval for more explanation). Also see #$UnitOfDistance for the units used by Cyc to measure distances. Distances must be #$NonNegativeScalarIntervals. See also #$Distance, which can take on negative values. Exemplars of #$Distance-Absolute include the distance in miles between Austin and San Antonio, or the turning radius of a Model T Automobile. Non-exemplars of #$Distance-Absolute include height above sea level. Since the Dead Sea is below sea level, its height above sea level is a negative value. Thus #$Distance is a more appropriate argument constraint for height above sea level.") (#$genls #$Distance-Absolute #$Distance) (#$genls #$Distance-Absolute #$NonNegativeScalarInterval) (#$isa #$Distance-Absolute #$AtemporalNecessarilyEssentialCollectionType) (#$isa #$Distance-Absolute #$FundamentalNumericScalarIntervalType) (#$isa #$Distance-Absolute #$MeasurableScalarIntervalType) (#$arg1Isa #$distanceBetween #$SpatialThing) (#$arg2Isa #$distanceBetween #$SpatialThing) (#$arg3Format #$distanceBetween #$IntervalEntry) (#$arg3Isa #$distanceBetween #$Distance) (#$argFormat #$distanceBetween 3 #$IntervalEntry) (#$argIsa #$distanceBetween 3 #$Distance) (#$argIsa #$distanceBetween 3 #$Distance) (#$argIsa #$distanceBetween 1 #$SpatialThing) (#$argIsa #$distanceBetween 1 #$SpatialThing) (#$argIsa #$distanceBetween 2 #$SpatialThing) (#$argIsa #$distanceBetween 2 #$SpatialThing) (#$arity #$distanceBetween 3) (#$comment #$distanceBetween "(#$distanceBetween PLACE1 PLACE2 DIST) means that the distance between PLACE1 and PLACE2 is DIST. More precisely, DIST is the length of the shortest 'straight line' which extends from a point on PLACE1 to a point on PLACE2. For example, (#$distanceBetween #$LaGuardiaAirport #$NewYorkHiltonAtBroadway (#$Kilometer 12)). The notion of 'straight line' usually refers to a Euclidean straight line in 3D space. However, when useful 'straight' may vary dependent on context. For example, in the #$GeographyMt if PLACE1 and PLACE2 are #$GeographicalRegions or are located at #$GeographicalRegions, such a 'straight line' would follow the shortest path over the earth's surface (i.e. a great circle) rather than a true Euclidean straight line going through the Earth. See also #$distanceAlongPath. #$CenterFn may be useful when one wishes to avoid the 'shortest distance between' aspect of the definition. For example, (#$distanceAlongPath #$Here (#$CenterFn #$CityOfAustinTX) Distance01) refers to the distance from 'here' to the center of Austin in an appropriate conversational context.") (#$functionalInArgs #$distanceBetween 3) (#$isa #$distanceBetween #$CotemporalPredicate) (#$isa #$distanceBetween #$FunctionalPredicate) (#$isa #$distanceBetween #$ObjectPredicate) (#$isa #$distanceBetween #$PartiallyCommutativeRelation) (#$isa #$distanceBetween #$TernaryPredicate) (#$arg1Isa #$distanceOfRotation #$Movement-Rotation) (#$arg2Format #$distanceOfRotation #$IntervalEntry) (#$arg2Isa #$distanceOfRotation #$AngularDistance) (#$argFormat #$distanceOfRotation 2 #$IntervalEntry) (#$argIsa #$distanceOfRotation 2 #$AngularDistance) (#$argIsa #$distanceOfRotation 2 #$AngularDistance) (#$argIsa #$distanceOfRotation 1 #$Movement-Rotation) (#$argIsa #$distanceOfRotation 1 #$Movement-Rotation) (#$arity #$distanceOfRotation 2) (#$comment #$distanceOfRotation "A predicate that relates a particular rotational motion event to the total angular distance travelled by the moving object (see the predicate #$objectMoving) in that event. (#$distanceOfRotation ROT DIST) means that in the event ROT, the #$objectMoving travels the angular distance DIST. Note that DIST is the total angular distance travelled by the #$objectMoving, and not just the net angular displacement of the #$objectMoving. So if a person spins around ten times, then the #$distanceOfRotation in that spinning event is 3600 degrees, not zero.") (#$functionalInArgs #$distanceOfRotation 2) (#$isa #$distanceOfRotation #$BinaryRolePredicate) (#$isa #$distanceOfRotation #$IntervalBasedQuantitySlot) (#$relationAllExists #$distanceOfRotation #$Movement-Rotation #$AngularDistance) (#$arg1Isa #$distanceTranslated #$Movement-TranslationEvent) (#$arg2Format #$distanceTranslated #$IntervalEntry) (#$arg2Isa #$distanceTranslated #$Distance) (#$argFormat #$distanceTranslated 2 #$IntervalEntry) (#$argIsa #$distanceTranslated 2 #$Distance) (#$argIsa #$distanceTranslated 2 #$Distance) (#$argIsa #$distanceTranslated 1 #$Movement-TranslationEvent) (#$argIsa #$distanceTranslated 1 #$Movement-TranslationEvent) (#$arity #$distanceTranslated 2) (#$comment #$distanceTranslated "This predicate relates a translational movement event to the total distance travelled by the #$objectMoving in that event. (#$distanceTranslated MOVE DIST) means that in the event MOVE, the #$objectMoving covered the distance DIST. Note that DIST is the actual distance travelled by the object, not merely its net change in position; so if the #$motionPathway-Complete of MOVE is a round trip a mile each way to the store, the #$distanceTranslated would be 2 miles, not zero.") (#$functionalInArgs #$distanceTranslated 2) (#$isa #$distanceTranslated #$BinaryRolePredicate) (#$isa #$distanceTranslated #$IntervalBasedQuantitySlot) (#$comment #$Distress "Extremely troubled; mentally confused, distracted.") (#$genls #$Distress #$FeelingAttribute) (#$isa #$Distress #$AtemporalNecessarilyEssentialCollectionType) (#$isa #$Distress #$FeelingType) (#$arg1Isa #$distributesOutOfArg #$Relation) (#$arg2Isa #$distributesOutOfArg #$Predicate) (#$arg3Isa #$distributesOutOfArg #$PositiveInteger) (#$argIsa #$distributesOutOfArg 3 #$PositiveInteger) (#$argIsa #$distributesOutOfArg 3 #$PositiveInteger) (#$argIsa #$distributesOutOfArg 2 #$Predicate) (#$argIsa #$distributesOutOfArg 2 #$Predicate) (#$argIsa #$distributesOutOfArg 1 #$Relation) (#$argIsa #$distributesOutOfArg 1 #$Relation) (#$arity #$distributesOutOfArg 3) (#$comment #$distributesOutOfArg "(#$distributesOutOfArg ) is a directive to the canonicalizer that relation distrbutes out of a predicate when it appears as the top-most relation in the predicate's arg . Specifically, it denotes (#$distributesOutOfArg ) denotes that the canonicalizer will translate ( ... ( ... ) ..) into ( ( ... ...) ( ... ...) ... ( ... ...))") (#$isa #$distributesOutOfArg #$CoreConstant) (#$isa #$distributesOutOfArg #$TernaryPredicate) (#$comment #$DistributingMetaKnowledgePredicate "A subcollection of #$MetaKnowledgePredicate, instances of which \"distribute\" over each of the multiple assertions resulting from the polycanonicalization of an assertion. Let DIST-METAPRED be an instance of #$DistributingMetaKnowledgePredicate, and suppose that one asserts (DIST-METAPRED ARG1 ARG2) and that ARG1 polycanonicalizes into ASSERTION1 and ASSERTION2. Then (DIST-METAPRED ASSERTION1 ARG2) and (DIST-METAPRED ASSERTION2 ARG2) will both be asserted to the Knowledge Base automatically.") (#$genls #$DistributingMetaKnowledgePredicate #$MetaKnowledgePredicate) (#$isa #$DistributingMetaKnowledgePredicate #$AtemporalNecessarilyEssentialCollectionType) (#$isa #$DistributingMetaKnowledgePredicate #$Collection) (#$isa #$DistributingMetaKnowledgePredicate #$CoreConstant) (#$isa #$DistributingMetaKnowledgePredicate #$PredicateCategory) (#$comment #$DistributionEvent "A specialization of both #$PurposefulPhysicalAction and #$TransferOut. Each instance of #$DistributionEvent is an event in which tangible objects are distributed from a source to various destinations via some distribution network.") (#$genls #$DistributionEvent #$ActionOnObject) (#$genls #$DistributionEvent #$Individual) (#$genls #$DistributionEvent #$PurposefulPhysicalAction) (#$genls #$DistributionEvent #$TransferOut) (#$isa #$DistributionEvent #$DefaultDisjointScriptType) (#$isa #$DistributionEvent #$TemporalObjectType) (#$comment #$DistributiveLattice "The subcollection of #$Lattice-LatticeTheoretic that contains all those lattices called 'distributive lattices' by lattice theorists. A #$Lattice-LatticeTheoretic LATICE (with the #$baseSet S, meet operation MEET and join operation JOIN) is distributive if the distribution laws hold, i.e., for each X, Y and Z in S, (MEET X (JOIN Y Z)) = (JOIN (MEET X Y) (MEET X Z)). Note that this condition is equivalent to the condition that for each X, Y and Z in S, (JOIN X (MEET Y Z)) = (MEET (JOIN X Y) (JOIN X Z)).") (#$genls #$DistributiveLattice #$Individual) (#$genls #$DistributiveLattice #$ModularLattice) (#$isa #$DistributiveLattice #$ObjectType) (#$comment #$DitransitivePPCompFrame "Frames used for verbs that take an NP complement followed by a PP complement. Examples include 'make X out of Y', etc.") (#$genls #$DitransitivePPCompFrame #$CycLExpression) (#$genls #$DitransitivePPCompFrame #$FrameForVerbs) (#$genls #$DitransitivePPCompFrame #$PassivizableFrame) (#$isa #$DitransitivePPCompFrame #$LinguisticObjectType) (#$comment #$DivineBeing "The collection of all divinities, or supernatural beings that are gods (or God) or god-like. Instances of #$DivineBeing are usually (if not always) immortal. Note that this collection is _not_ a specialization of #$Agent-Intangible, since some god-like beings are believed to have physical bodies.") (#$genls #$DivineBeing #$Individual) (#$genls #$DivineBeing #$SupernaturalBeing) (#$isa #$DivineBeing #$ExistingObjectType) (#$comment #$Dock "#$Dock is a specialization of #$FixedStructure, #$TransportFacility, and #$OutdoorLocation. Each instance of #$Dock is a long flat walkway that juts out over water from shorelines. A dock's main function is to provide a place to secure boats and to provide a place where passengers and cargo can be loaded and unloaded.") (#$disjointWith #$Dock #$Roadway) (#$genls #$Dock #$FixedStructure) (#$genls #$Dock #$Individual) (#$genls #$Dock #$OutdoorLocation) (#$genls #$Dock #$TransportFacility) (#$isa #$Dock #$ExistingObjectType) (#$arg1Isa #$doCloseFunctionDefinition #$ComputerUser) (#$arg1Isa #$doCloseFunctionDefinition #$ComputerUser) (#$arg2Isa #$doCloseFunctionDefinition #$ComputerFile-Abstract) (#$arg2Isa #$doCloseFunctionDefinition #$ComputerFile-Abstract) (#$arg3Isa #$doCloseFunctionDefinition #$ProgramFunction) (#$arg3Isa #$doCloseFunctionDefinition #$ProgramFunction) (#$argIsa #$doCloseFunctionDefinition 2 #$ComputerFile-Abstract) (#$argIsa #$doCloseFunctionDefinition 2 #$ComputerFile-Abstract) (#$argIsa #$doCloseFunctionDefinition 2 #$ComputerFile-Abstract) (#$argIsa #$doCloseFunctionDefinition 1 #$ComputerUser) (#$argIsa #$doCloseFunctionDefinition 1 #$ComputerUser) (#$argIsa #$doCloseFunctionDefinition 1 #$ComputerUser) (#$argIsa #$doCloseFunctionDefinition 3 #$ProgramFunction) (#$argIsa #$doCloseFunctionDefinition 3 #$ProgramFunction) (#$argIsa #$doCloseFunctionDefinition 3 #$ProgramFunction) (#$arity #$doCloseFunctionDefinition 3) (#$comment #$doCloseFunctionDefinition "A ternary complex action predicate. (#$doCloseFunctionDefinition PROGRAMMER FILE FUNCTION) means that PROGRAMMER appends to the end of FILE code which closes the declaration of the program function FUNCTION.") (#$isa #$doCloseFunctionDefinition #$ComplexActionPredicate) (#$isa #$doCloseFunctionDefinition #$TernaryPredicate) (#$arg1Isa #$doCloseLocalVariablesScope #$ComputerUser) (#$arg1Isa #$doCloseLocalVariablesScope #$ComputerUser) (#$arg2Isa #$doCloseLocalVariablesScope #$ComputerFile-Abstract) (#$arg2Isa #$doCloseLocalVariablesScope #$ComputerFile-Abstract) (#$arg3Isa #$doCloseLocalVariablesScope #$SoftwareParameter) (#$arg3Isa #$doCloseLocalVariablesScope #$SoftwareParameter) (#$argAndRestIsa #$doCloseLocalVariablesScope 3 #$SoftwareParameter) (#$argIsa #$doCloseLocalVariablesScope 2 #$ComputerFile-Abstract) (#$argIsa #$doCloseLocalVariablesScope 2 #$ComputerFile-Abstract) (#$argIsa #$doCloseLocalVariablesScope 2 #$ComputerFile-Abstract) (#$argIsa #$doCloseLocalVariablesScope 1 #$ComputerUser) (#$argIsa #$doCloseLocalVariablesScope 1 #$ComputerUser) (#$argIsa #$doCloseLocalVariablesScope 1 #$ComputerUser) (#$argIsa #$doCloseLocalVariablesScope 3 #$SoftwareParameter) (#$argIsa #$doCloseLocalVariablesScope 3 #$SoftwareParameter) (#$argIsa #$doCloseLocalVariablesScope 3 #$SoftwareParameter) (#$comment #$doCloseLocalVariablesScope "A variable arity complex action predicate. (#$doCloseLocalVariablesScope PROGRAMMER FILE . VARIABLES) means that PROGRAMMER appends code to the end of computer file FILE that closes a scope in which VARIABLES are available. Compare with #$doOpenLocalVariablesScope.") (#$isa #$doCloseLocalVariablesScope #$ComplexActionPredicate) (#$isa #$doCloseLocalVariablesScope #$Predicate) (#$isa #$doCloseLocalVariablesScope #$VariableArityRelation) (#$comment #$Doctor-Medical "An instance of #$PersonTypeByOccupation, and a specialization of #$PersonWithOccupation. Each instance of #$Doctor-Medical is a person with a certain type of education in the field of medicine (usually such a person has obtained an MD degree) who is professionally licensed to practice medicine.") (#$genls #$Doctor-Medical #$Individual) (#$genls #$Doctor-Medical #$Person) (#$genls #$Doctor-Medical #$Prescriber) (#$genls #$Doctor-Medical #$Scientist) (#$isa #$Doctor-Medical #$MedicalSpecialtyType) (#$isa #$Doctor-Medical #$PersonTypeByOccupation) (#$comment #$DocumentationConstant "A collection of CycL constants whose purpose is to facilitate users in their understanding of the system, tracking knowledge representation work being done, noting cleanup work to be done, etc. Documentation constants are usually not involved in inference. Instances may be excluded from versions of the knowledge base in which available memory is a premium without affecting the performance of applications.") (#$genls #$DocumentationConstant #$CycLConstant) (#$genls #$DocumentationConstant #$ImplementationConstant) (#$genls #$DocumentationConstant #$Thing) (#$isa #$DocumentationConstant #$Collection) (#$isa #$DocumentationConstant #$Collection) (#$isa #$DocumentationConstant #$CoreConstant) (#$sharedNotes #$DocumentationConstant #$NoteAboutArgIsaCycLIndexedTerm) (#$sharedNotes #$DocumentationConstant #$NoteAboutArgIsaCycLIndexedTerm) (#$quotedCollection #$DocumentationConstant) (#$comment #$DocumentationPredicate "A collection of predicate-denoting constants specifically designed for facilitating #$Cyclists in their understanding of the system, tracking knowledge representation work being done, noting cleanup work to be done, etc. Documentation predicates are usually not involved in inference. They may be excluded from knowledge bases in which available memory is a premium without affecting the performance of applications. #$DocumentationPredicate is used in code to determine which documentation to show to the user when they request to see documentation for a first-order reified term (or \"FORT\").") (#$genls #$DocumentationPredicate #$CycLConstant) (#$genls #$DocumentationPredicate #$DocumentationConstant) (#$genls #$DocumentationPredicate #$Predicate) (#$genls #$DocumentationPredicate #$Predicate) (#$isa #$DocumentationPredicate #$Collection) (#$isa #$DocumentationPredicate #$Collection) (#$isa #$DocumentationPredicate #$CoreConstant) (#$isa #$DocumentationPredicate #$DocumentationConstant) (#$isa #$DocumentationPredicate #$PredicateCategory) (#$sharedNotes #$DocumentationPredicate #$NoteAboutArgIsaCycLIndexedTerm) (#$sharedNotes #$DocumentationPredicate #$NoteAboutArgIsaCycLIndexedTerm) (#$quotedCollection #$DocumentationPredicate) (#$comment #$Dodecagon "A specialization of #$Polygon. Instances of #$Dodecagon are polygon with 12 sides.") (#$genls #$Dodecagon #$Individual) (#$genls #$Dodecagon #$Polygon) (#$isa #$Dodecagon #$GenericShapeType) (#$isa #$Dodecagon #$TwoDimensionalShapeType) (#$arg1Isa #$doDeclareFunctionParameters #$ComputerProgrammer) (#$arg1Isa #$doDeclareFunctionParameters #$ComputerProgrammer) (#$arg2Isa #$doDeclareFunctionParameters #$ComputerFile-Abstract) (#$arg2Isa #$doDeclareFunctionParameters #$ComputerFile-Abstract) (#$arg3Isa #$doDeclareFunctionParameters #$IndexicalConcept) (#$arg3Isa #$doDeclareFunctionParameters #$IndexicalConcept) (#$argIsa #$doDeclareFunctionParameters 2 #$ComputerFile-Abstract) (#$argIsa #$doDeclareFunctionParameters 2 #$ComputerFile-Abstract) (#$argIsa #$doDeclareFunctionParameters 2 #$ComputerFile-Abstract) (#$argIsa #$doDeclareFunctionParameters 1 #$ComputerProgrammer) (#$argIsa #$doDeclareFunctionParameters 1 #$ComputerProgrammer) (#$argIsa #$doDeclareFunctionParameters 1 #$ComputerProgrammer) (#$argIsa #$doDeclareFunctionParameters 3 #$IndexicalConcept) (#$argIsa #$doDeclareFunctionParameters 3 #$IndexicalConcept) (#$comment #$doDeclareFunctionParameters "A variable arity complex action predicate. (#$doDeclareFunctionParameters PROGRAMMER FILE . ARGS) means that PROGRAMMER appends to the end of FILE code that declares ARGS as part of a function declaration.") (#$isa #$doDeclareFunctionParameters #$ComplexActionPredicate) (#$isa #$doDeclareFunctionParameters #$Predicate) (#$isa #$doDeclareFunctionParameters #$VariableArityRelation) (#$arg1Isa #$doDeclareVariable #$ComputerProgrammer) (#$arg1Isa #$doDeclareVariable #$ComputerProgrammer) (#$arg2Isa #$doDeclareVariable #$ComputerFile-Abstract) (#$arg2Isa #$doDeclareVariable #$ComputerFile-Abstract) (#$arg3Isa #$doDeclareVariable #$SoftwareParameter) (#$arg3Isa #$doDeclareVariable #$SoftwareParameter) (#$argIsa #$doDeclareVariable 2 #$ComputerFile-Abstract) (#$argIsa #$doDeclareVariable 2 #$ComputerFile-Abstract) (#$argIsa #$doDeclareVariable 2 #$ComputerFile-Abstract) (#$argIsa #$doDeclareVariable 1 #$ComputerProgrammer) (#$argIsa #$doDeclareVariable 1 #$ComputerProgrammer) (#$argIsa #$doDeclareVariable 1 #$ComputerProgrammer) (#$argIsa #$doDeclareVariable 3 #$SoftwareParameter) (#$argIsa #$doDeclareVariable 3 #$SoftwareParameter) (#$argIsa #$doDeclareVariable 3 #$SoftwareParameter) (#$arity #$doDeclareVariable 3) (#$comment #$doDeclareVariable "A ternary complex action predicate. (#$doDeclareVariable PROGRAMMER FILE VARIABLE) means that PROGRAMMER appends code declaring VARIABLE (an instance of #$SoftwareParameter) to the end of the source code file FILE.") (#$isa #$doDeclareVariable #$ComplexActionPredicate) (#$isa #$doDeclareVariable #$TernaryPredicate) (#$arg1Isa #$doDefineProgramFunctionFromAlgorithm #$ComputerProgrammer) (#$arg1Isa #$doDefineProgramFunctionFromAlgorithm #$ComputerProgrammer) (#$arg2Isa #$doDefineProgramFunctionFromAlgorithm #$ComputerFile-Abstract) (#$arg2Isa #$doDefineProgramFunctionFromAlgorithm #$ComputerFile-Abstract) (#$arg3Isa #$doDefineProgramFunctionFromAlgorithm #$FunctionalAlgorithm) (#$arg3Isa #$doDefineProgramFunctionFromAlgorithm #$FunctionalAlgorithm) (#$argIsa #$doDefineProgramFunctionFromAlgorithm 2 #$ComputerFile-Abstract) (#$argIsa #$doDefineProgramFunctionFromAlgorithm 2 #$ComputerFile-Abstract) (#$argIsa #$doDefineProgramFunctionFromAlgorithm 2 #$ComputerFile-Abstract) (#$argIsa #$doDefineProgramFunctionFromAlgorithm 1 #$ComputerProgrammer) (#$argIsa #$doDefineProgramFunctionFromAlgorithm 1 #$ComputerProgrammer) (#$argIsa #$doDefineProgramFunctionFromAlgorithm 1 #$ComputerProgrammer) (#$argIsa #$doDefineProgramFunctionFromAlgorithm 3 #$FunctionalAlgorithm) (#$argIsa #$doDefineProgramFunctionFromAlgorithm 3 #$FunctionalAlgorithm) (#$argIsa #$doDefineProgramFunctionFromAlgorithm 3 #$FunctionalAlgorithm) (#$arity #$doDefineProgramFunctionFromAlgorithm 3) (#$comment #$doDefineProgramFunctionFromAlgorithm "A ternary complex action predicate. (#$doDefineProgramFunctionFromAlgorithm PROGRAMMER FILE ALGORITHM) means that PROGRAMMER appends a declaration of a program function that implements ALGORITHM to the computer source code file FILE.") (#$isa #$doDefineProgramFunctionFromAlgorithm #$ComplexActionPredicate) (#$isa #$doDefineProgramFunctionFromAlgorithm #$TernaryPredicate) (#$arg1Isa #$doesBusinessWith #$Agent) (#$arg2Isa #$doesBusinessWith #$Agent) (#$argIsa #$doesBusinessWith 1 #$Agent) (#$argIsa #$doesBusinessWith 1 #$Agent) (#$argIsa #$doesBusinessWith 2 #$Agent) (#$argIsa #$doesBusinessWith 2 #$Agent) (#$arity #$doesBusinessWith 2) (#$comment #$doesBusinessWith "(#$doesBusinessWith AGENT1 AGENT2) means that AGENT1 does some business with AGENT2. Minimally, (#$doesBusinessWith AGENT1 AGENT2) implies that AGENT1 and AGENT2 at least occasionally negotiate to buy or sell products or services from one other. The two agents may or may not complete the sale or purchase, or enter into any actual contracts.") (#$genlInverse #$doesBusinessWith #$doesBusinessWith) (#$genlPreds #$doesBusinessWith #$temporalBoundsIntersect) (#$isa #$doesBusinessWith #$CotemporalObjectsSlot) (#$isa #$doesBusinessWith #$IrreflexiveBinaryPredicate) (#$isa #$doesBusinessWith #$SymmetricBinaryPredicate) (#$comment #$Dog "A #$BiologicalSpecies (scientific name `Canis familiaris') that is a specialization of #$CanineAnimal (q.v.). Each instance of #$Dog is a canine animal that has either been bred to be a domestic pet (see #$DomesticatedAnimal) or is a wild canine animal that is not an instance of #$Wolf, #$Fox, or any other non-dog specialization of #$CanineAnimal. (Thus #$Dog includes Australian dingos, e.g.)") (#$genls #$Dog #$CanineAnimal) (#$genls #$Dog #$DomesticatedAnimal) (#$genls #$Dog #$Individual) (#$isa #$Dog #$BiologicalSpecies) (#$isa #$Dog #$BiologicalSpecies) (#$isa #$Dog #$ExistingObjectType) (#$isa #$Dog #$OrganismClassificationType) (#$arg1Isa #$doInitializeLocalVariables #$ComputerUser) (#$arg1Isa #$doInitializeLocalVariables #$ComputerUser) (#$arg2Isa #$doInitializeLocalVariables #$ComputerFile-Abstract) (#$arg2Isa #$doInitializeLocalVariables #$ComputerFile-Abstract) (#$arg3Isa #$doInitializeLocalVariables #$SoftwareParameter) (#$arg3Isa #$doInitializeLocalVariables #$SoftwareParameter) (#$argAndRestIsa #$doInitializeLocalVariables 3 #$SoftwareParameter) (#$argIsa #$doInitializeLocalVariables 2 #$ComputerFile-Abstract) (#$argIsa #$doInitializeLocalVariables 2 #$ComputerFile-Abstract) (#$argIsa #$doInitializeLocalVariables 2 #$ComputerFile-Abstract) (#$argIsa #$doInitializeLocalVariables 1 #$ComputerUser) (#$argIsa #$doInitializeLocalVariables 1 #$ComputerUser) (#$argIsa #$doInitializeLocalVariables 1 #$ComputerUser) (#$argIsa #$doInitializeLocalVariables 3 #$SoftwareParameter) (#$argIsa #$doInitializeLocalVariables 3 #$SoftwareParameter) (#$argIsa #$doInitializeLocalVariables 3 #$SoftwareParameter) (#$comment #$doInitializeLocalVariables "A variable arity complex action predicate. (#$doInitializeLocalVariables PROGRAMMER FILE . VARIABLES) means that PROGRAMMER appends code that declares and initializes VARIABLES to the end of computer file FILE.") (#$isa #$doInitializeLocalVariables #$ComplexActionPredicate) (#$isa #$doInitializeLocalVariables #$Predicate) (#$isa #$doInitializeLocalVariables #$VariableArityRelation) (#$argIsa #$DollarsPerHour 0 #$SubLRealNumber) (#$argsIsa #$DollarsPerHour #$SubLRealNumber) (#$argsIsa #$DollarsPerHour #$SubLRealNumber) (#$arityMax #$DollarsPerHour 2) (#$arityMax #$DollarsPerHour 2) (#$arityMin #$DollarsPerHour 1) (#$arityMin #$DollarsPerHour 1) (#$comment #$DollarsPerHour "An instance of #$UnitOfMonetaryFlowRate. When applied to a number or pair of numbers, #$DollarsPerHour returns an instance of #$MonetaryFlowRate. For example, (#$DollarsPerHour 20) is a monetary flow rate of 20 U.S. dollars per hour.") (#$isa #$DollarsPerHour #$UnitOfMeasureNoPrefix) (#$isa #$DollarsPerHour #$UnitOfMonetaryFlowRate) (#$resultIsa #$DollarsPerHour #$Individual) (#$resultIsa #$DollarsPerHour #$MonetaryFlowRate) (#$argIsa #$DollarsPerYear 0 #$SubLRealNumber) (#$argsIsa #$DollarsPerYear #$SubLRealNumber) (#$argsIsa #$DollarsPerYear #$SubLRealNumber) (#$arityMax #$DollarsPerYear 2) (#$arityMax #$DollarsPerYear 2) (#$arityMin #$DollarsPerYear 1) (#$arityMin #$DollarsPerYear 1) (#$comment #$DollarsPerYear "An instance of #$UnitOfMonetaryFlowRate. When applied to a real number REAL (or a sequence of two real numbers INTERVAL), #$DollarsPerYear returns a #$MonetaryFlowRate of REAL #$Dollar-UnitedStates per year (respectively, INTERVAL #$Dollar-UnitedStates per year.") (#$isa #$DollarsPerYear #$UnitOfMeasureNoPrefix) (#$isa #$DollarsPerYear #$UnitOfMonetaryFlowRate) (#$resultIsa #$DollarsPerYear #$Individual) (#$resultIsa #$DollarsPerYear #$MonetaryFlowRate) (#$resultIsa #$DollarsPerYear #$Rate) (#$resultIsa #$DollarsPerYear #$ScalarInterval) (#$argIsa #$Dollar-UnitedStates 0 #$SubLRealNumber) (#$argsIsa #$Dollar-UnitedStates #$SubLRealNumber) (#$argsIsa #$Dollar-UnitedStates #$SubLRealNumber) (#$arityMax #$Dollar-UnitedStates 2) (#$arityMax #$Dollar-UnitedStates 2) (#$arityMin #$Dollar-UnitedStates 1) (#$arityMin #$Dollar-UnitedStates 1) (#$comment #$Dollar-UnitedStates "An instance of #$UnitOfMoney (q.v). #$Dollar-UnitedStates is a function which returns an instance of #$MonetaryValue when applied to a real number (see the collection #$SubLRealNumber) or a sequence of two real numbers. (#$Dollar-UnitedStates 10) denotes the instance of #$MonetaryValue that is equivalent to 10 U.S. dollars. One #$Dollar-UnitedStates is equivalent to 100 #$Cent-UnitedStates (q.v.).") (#$isa #$Dollar-UnitedStates #$StandardUnitOfMeasure) (#$isa #$Dollar-UnitedStates #$UnitOfMeasureNoPrefix) (#$isa #$Dollar-UnitedStates #$UnitOfMoney) (#$resultIsa #$Dollar-UnitedStates #$Individual) (#$resultIsa #$Dollar-UnitedStates #$MonetaryValue) (#$arg1Isa #$domainAssumptions #$Microtheory) (#$arg2Isa #$domainAssumptions #$ELSentence-Assertible) (#$argIsa #$domainAssumptions 2 #$ELSentence-Assertible) (#$argIsa #$domainAssumptions 2 #$ELSentence-Assertible) (#$argIsa #$domainAssumptions 1 #$Microtheory) (#$argIsa #$domainAssumptions 1 #$Microtheory) (#$arity #$domainAssumptions 2) (#$comment #$domainAssumptions " A #$MicrotheoryPredicate that relates a given #$Microtheory to an #$ELSentence-Assertible that expresses one of its 'domain assumptions'. (#$domainAssumptions MT PROP) means that the microtheory MT has the proposition PROP as a domain assumption, which means that all assertions explicitly made in MT assume that PROP is true. For example, (#$domainAssumptions #$ChristianTrinityMt (#$equals #$JesusChrist #$GodTheSon)). Another way of thinking of this is that the various `content' assertions of MT only apply to objects that satisfy all its #$domainAssumptions (i.e. that the quantifiers #$forAll and #$thereExists will be restricted in MT in this way). So if it's true in MT that: (#$forAll ?x Q) and if we lift this axiom to another microtheory (MT2) that does not make the domain assumption P, then the axiom becomes: (#$forAll ?x (#$implies P Q)) (Or, of course ((#$forAll ?x (#$implies (#$and P1 P2 P3...) Q)), where there is more than one relevant domain assumption). See also #$mtAdditionConstraint.") (#$isa #$domainAssumptions #$BinaryPredicate) (#$isa #$domainAssumptions #$IntangibleObjectRelatingPredicate) (#$isa #$domainAssumptions #$MicrotheoryPredicate) (#$transitiveViaArg #$domainAssumptions #$sentenceImplies 2) (#$transitiveViaArgInverse #$domainAssumptions #$genlMt 1) (#$comment #$DomesticatedAnimal "A specialization of #$TameAnimal. Each instance of #$DomesticatedAnimal is an animal that has been bred and trained in such a way that it cannot readily survive in the wild. Domesticated animals are kept by humans for labor, transportation, food, or as pets, and their relations with humans are more or less cooperative. #$DomesticatedAnimal does _not_ include most wild animals kept in zoos (see #$CaptiveAnimal). Cf. #$WildAnimal.") (#$genls #$DomesticatedAnimal #$Individual) (#$genls #$DomesticatedAnimal #$NonPersonAnimal) (#$genls #$DomesticatedAnimal #$TameAnimal) (#$isa #$DomesticatedAnimal #$ExistingObjectType) (#$isa #$DomesticatedAnimal #$OrganismClassificationType) (#$comment #$DomesticatedAnimalFood "A specialization of #$Food. Each instance of #$DomesticatedAnimalFood is a foodstuff produced by human beings and intended for consumption by domesticated animals. This collection includes feed manufactured for horses, cattle, chickens, and other farm animals, as well as pet food.") (#$disjointWith #$DomesticatedAnimalFood #$Food-ReadyToEat) (#$genls #$DomesticatedAnimalFood #$Food) (#$genls #$DomesticatedAnimalFood #$Individual) (#$isa #$DomesticatedAnimalFood #$ExistingStuffType) (#$isa #$DomesticatedAnimalFood #$ProductType) (#$comment #$DomesticBreedsVocabularyMt "The #$VocabularyMicrotheory for #$DomesticBreedsMt.") (#$genlMt #$DomesticBreedsVocabularyMt #$BaseKB) (#$genlMt #$DomesticBreedsVocabularyMt #$BiologyVocabularyMt) (#$isa #$DomesticBreedsVocabularyMt #$VocabularyMicrotheory) (#$comment #$DomesticPet "#$DomesticPet is a specialization of #$DomesticatedAnimal, #$HumanOccupationConstructResident, and #$PortableObject. Each specialization of #$DomesticPet is a type of domesticated animal kept by humans primarily for companionship. Many members of #$DomesticPet live in the homes of their owners.") (#$genls #$DomesticPet #$DomesticatedAnimal) (#$genls #$DomesticPet #$HumanOccupationConstructResident) (#$genls #$DomesticPet #$Individual) (#$genls #$DomesticPet #$PortableObject) (#$isa #$DomesticPet #$ExistingObjectType) (#$isa #$DomesticPet #$OrganismClassificationType) (#$arg1Format #$doneBy #$SetTheFormat) (#$arg1Isa #$doneBy #$Event) (#$arg2Format #$doneBy #$SetTheFormat) (#$arg2Isa #$doneBy #$SomethingExisting) (#$argFormat #$doneBy 1 #$SetTheFormat) (#$argFormat #$doneBy 2 #$SetTheFormat) (#$argIsa #$doneBy 1 #$Event) (#$argIsa #$doneBy 1 #$Event) (#$argIsa #$doneBy 2 #$SomethingExisting) (#$argIsa #$doneBy 2 #$SomethingExisting) (#$arity #$doneBy 2) (#$comment #$doneBy "This predicate relates an event to its \"doer\". (#$doneBy EVENT DOER) means that DOER is the \"doer\" in the event EVENT: some activity on the part of DOER causes or carries out EVENT. This predicate is agnostic as to whether DOER does EVENT intentionally or not. Note that DOER need not even be animate or an agent; e.g. the event in which Mt. Vesuvius erupted and buried Pompeii was #$doneBy Mt. Vesuvius. See the specializations #$performedBy and #$bodilyDoer for cases in which the \"doer\" is, respectively, an #$Agent acting deliberately and an #$Organism-Whole behaving non-deliberately.") (#$genlPreds #$doneBy #$constituentInSituation) (#$genlPreds #$doneBy #$preActors) (#$interArgFormat1-2 #$doneBy #$SingleDoerAction #$SingleEntry) (#$interArgIsa1-2 #$doneBy #$MentalSituation #$Agent) (#$interArgIsa1-2 #$doneBy #$MediaProduct #$Agent-Generic) (#$interArgIsa1-2 #$doneBy #$PurposefulAction #$Agent-Generic) (#$interArgIsa1-2 #$doneBy #$AnimalWalkingProcess #$Animal) (#$interArgIsa1-2 #$doneBy #$BodyMovementEvent #$Animal) (#$interArgIsa1-2 #$doneBy #$VoluntaryBodyMovement #$IndividualAgent) (#$interArgIsa1-2 #$doneBy #$AnimalMigration #$MigratoryAnimal) (#$interArgIsa1-2 #$doneBy #$PhysicalEvent #$PartiallyTangible) (#$interArgIsa1-2 #$doneBy #$Perceiving #$PerceptualAgent) (#$isa #$doneBy #$ActorSlot) (#$isa #$doneBy #$BinaryPredicate) (#$relationAllExistsCount #$doneBy #$SingleDoerAction #$SomethingExisting 1) (#$relationAllExists #$doneBy #$MeetingSomeone #$Agent) (#$relationAllExists #$doneBy #$StrictlyMentalEvent #$Agent) (#$relationAllExists #$doneBy #$UsingAnObject #$Agent-Generic) (#$relationAllExists #$doneBy #$AnimalActivity #$Animal) (#$relationAllExists #$doneBy #$BodyMovementEvent #$Animal) (#$relationAllExists #$doneBy #$BiologicalDecompositionEvent #$BiologicalLivingObject) (#$relationAllExists #$doneBy #$AnimalMigration #$MigratoryAnimal) (#$relationAllExists #$doneBy #$DeviceRunning #$PartiallyTangible) (#$relationAllExists #$doneBy #$MeetingSomeone #$PartiallyTangible) (#$relationAllExists #$doneBy #$Action #$SomethingExisting) (#$relationAllExists #$doneBy #$DeviceRunning #$SomethingExisting) (#$relationAllExists #$doneBy #$IBTCopying #$SomethingExisting) (#$relationAllExists #$doneBy #$MeetingSomeone #$SomethingExisting) (#$relationAllExists #$doneBy #$Thinking #$SomethingExisting) (#$relationAllExists #$doneBy #$UsingAnObject #$SomethingExisting) (#$relationAllExists #$doneBy #$Action #$TemporalThing) (#$relationAllExists #$doneBy #$DeviceRunning #$TemporalThing) (#$relationAllExists #$doneBy #$EncounteringSomething #$TemporalThing) (#$relationAllExists #$doneBy #$IntentionalMentalEvent #$TemporalThing) (#$relationAllExists #$doneBy #$MeetingSomeone #$TemporalThing) (#$relationAllExists #$doneBy #$Thinking #$TemporalThing) (#$relationAllExistsMin #$doneBy #$Action #$SomethingExisting 1) (#$minimizeExtent #$doneBy) (#$arg1Isa #$doOpenLocalVariablesScope #$ComputerUser) (#$arg1Isa #$doOpenLocalVariablesScope #$ComputerUser) (#$arg2Isa #$doOpenLocalVariablesScope #$ComputerFile-Abstract) (#$arg2Isa #$doOpenLocalVariablesScope #$ComputerFile-Abstract) (#$arg3Isa #$doOpenLocalVariablesScope #$SoftwareParameter) (#$arg3Isa #$doOpenLocalVariablesScope #$SoftwareParameter) (#$argAndRestIsa #$doOpenLocalVariablesScope 3 #$SoftwareParameter) (#$argIsa #$doOpenLocalVariablesScope 2 #$ComputerFile-Abstract) (#$argIsa #$doOpenLocalVariablesScope 2 #$ComputerFile-Abstract) (#$argIsa #$doOpenLocalVariablesScope 2 #$ComputerFile-Abstract) (#$argIsa #$doOpenLocalVariablesScope 1 #$ComputerUser) (#$argIsa #$doOpenLocalVariablesScope 1 #$ComputerUser) (#$argIsa #$doOpenLocalVariablesScope 1 #$ComputerUser) (#$argIsa #$doOpenLocalVariablesScope 3 #$SoftwareParameter) (#$argIsa #$doOpenLocalVariablesScope 3 #$SoftwareParameter) (#$argIsa #$doOpenLocalVariablesScope 3 #$SoftwareParameter) (#$comment #$doOpenLocalVariablesScope "A variable arity complex action predicate. (#$doOpenLocalVariablesScope PROGRAMMER FILE . VARIABLES) means that PROGRAMMER appends code to the end of computer file FILE that creates a scope in which VARIABLES are available.") (#$isa #$doOpenLocalVariablesScope #$ComplexActionPredicate) (#$isa #$doOpenLocalVariablesScope #$Predicate) (#$isa #$doOpenLocalVariablesScope #$VariableArityRelation) (#$comment #$Doorway "#$Doorway is a specialization of #$Portal, #$CavityWithWalls, and #$Artifact-NonAgentive. Each instance of #$Doorway is a portal in some instance of #$HumanOccupationConstruct (q.v.), suitable for people (and perhaps vehicles) to enter and exit. Each instance of #$Doorway includes the frame, not merely the empty space within the doorway. Instances of #$Doorway include doorways to houses, office buildings, elevators, automobiles, airplanes, and garages.") (#$disjointWith #$Doorway #$WindowPortal) (#$genls #$Doorway #$Artifact-NonAgentive) (#$genls #$Doorway #$CavityWithWalls) (#$genls #$Doorway #$Individual) (#$genls #$Doorway #$Portal) (#$isa #$Doorway #$ExistingObjectType) (#$comment #$DoorwayCovering "A specialization of #$PortalCovering. Each instance of #$DoorwayCovering is a physical object used to cover some kind of portal, including but not limited to doorways in buildings. This collection also includes doors of cars, buses, subways, elevators, garages, airplane hangars -- coverings over any doors that people (and perhaps vehicles) pass through.") (#$disjointWith #$DoorwayCovering #$RoofOfAConstruction) (#$genls #$DoorwayCovering #$Individual) (#$genls #$DoorwayCovering #$PortalCovering) (#$isa #$DoorwayCovering #$ExistingObjectType) (#$isa #$DoorwayCovering #$ProductType) (#$arg1Format #$doorwayHasCovering #$SingleEntry) (#$arg1Isa #$doorwayHasCovering #$Doorway) (#$arg1Isa #$doorwayHasCovering #$Doorway) (#$arg2Format #$doorwayHasCovering #$SetTheFormat) (#$arg2Isa #$doorwayHasCovering #$DoorwayCovering) (#$arg2Isa #$doorwayHasCovering #$DoorwayCovering) (#$argFormat #$doorwayHasCovering 2 #$SetTheFormat) (#$argFormat #$doorwayHasCovering 1 #$SingleEntry) (#$argIsa #$doorwayHasCovering 1 #$Doorway) (#$argIsa #$doorwayHasCovering 1 #$Doorway) (#$argIsa #$doorwayHasCovering 1 #$Doorway) (#$argIsa #$doorwayHasCovering 2 #$DoorwayCovering) (#$argIsa #$doorwayHasCovering 2 #$DoorwayCovering) (#$argIsa #$doorwayHasCovering 2 #$DoorwayCovering) (#$arity #$doorwayHasCovering 2) (#$comment #$doorwayHasCovering "A predicate that relates a doorway to a physical covering used to seal it. (#$doorwayHasCovering DOORWAY COVER) means that the instance DOORWAY of #$Doorway has as a physical covering the instance COVER of #$DoorwayCovering.") (#$genlPreds #$doorwayHasCovering #$portalHasCovering) (#$isa #$doorwayHasCovering #$AntiSymmetricBinaryPredicate) (#$isa #$doorwayHasCovering #$CotemporalObjectsSlot) (#$isa #$doorwayHasCovering #$FunctionalPredicate) (#$isa #$doorwayHasCovering #$PhysicalPartPredicate) (#$strictlyFunctionalInArgs #$doorwayHasCovering 1) (#$typedGenlPreds #$doorwayHasCovering #$portalHasCovering) (#$arg1Isa #$doOutputBlockClose #$ComputerProgrammer) (#$arg1Isa #$doOutputBlockClose #$ComputerProgrammer) (#$arg2Isa #$doOutputBlockClose #$ComputerFile-Abstract) (#$arg2Isa #$doOutputBlockClose #$ComputerFile-Abstract) (#$arg3Isa #$doOutputBlockClose #$SoftwareParameter) (#$arg3Isa #$doOutputBlockClose #$SoftwareParameter) (#$argIsa #$doOutputBlockClose 2 #$ComputerFile-Abstract) (#$argIsa #$doOutputBlockClose 2 #$ComputerFile-Abstract) (#$argIsa #$doOutputBlockClose 2 #$ComputerFile-Abstract) (#$argIsa #$doOutputBlockClose 1 #$ComputerProgrammer) (#$argIsa #$doOutputBlockClose 1 #$ComputerProgrammer) (#$argIsa #$doOutputBlockClose 1 #$ComputerProgrammer) (#$argIsa #$doOutputBlockClose 3 #$SoftwareParameter) (#$argIsa #$doOutputBlockClose 3 #$SoftwareParameter) (#$argIsa #$doOutputBlockClose 3 #$SoftwareParameter) (#$arity #$doOutputBlockClose 2) (#$comment #$doOutputBlockClose "A binary complex action predicate. (#$doOutputBlockClose PROGRAMMER FILE) means that PROGRAMMER appends a symbol or symbols to the end of FILE, which signals the closing of the current code block.") (#$isa #$doOutputBlockClose #$BinaryPredicate) (#$isa #$doOutputBlockClose #$ComplexActionPredicate) (#$arg1Isa #$doOutputBlockOpen #$ComputerProgrammer) (#$arg1Isa #$doOutputBlockOpen #$ComputerProgrammer) (#$arg2Isa #$doOutputBlockOpen #$ComputerFile-Abstract) (#$arg2Isa #$doOutputBlockOpen #$ComputerFile-Abstract) (#$argIsa #$doOutputBlockOpen 2 #$ComputerFile-Abstract) (#$argIsa #$doOutputBlockOpen 2 #$ComputerFile-Abstract) (#$argIsa #$doOutputBlockOpen 2 #$ComputerFile-Abstract) (#$argIsa #$doOutputBlockOpen 1 #$ComputerProgrammer) (#$argIsa #$doOutputBlockOpen 1 #$ComputerProgrammer) (#$argIsa #$doOutputBlockOpen 1 #$ComputerProgrammer) (#$arity #$doOutputBlockOpen 2) (#$comment #$doOutputBlockOpen "A binary complex action predicate. (#$doOutputBlockOpen PROGRAMMER FILE) means that PROGRAMMER appends a symbol or symbols to the end of FILE, which signals the beginning of a program code block.") (#$isa #$doOutputBlockOpen #$BinaryPredicate) (#$isa #$doOutputBlockOpen #$ComplexActionPredicate) (#$arg1Isa #$doOutputCommentString #$IntelligentAgent) (#$arg1Isa #$doOutputCommentString #$IntelligentAgent) (#$arg2Isa #$doOutputCommentString #$ComputerFile-Abstract) (#$arg2Isa #$doOutputCommentString #$ComputerFile-Abstract) (#$arg3Isa #$doOutputCommentString #$CharacterString) (#$arg3Isa #$doOutputCommentString #$CharacterString) (#$argIsa #$doOutputCommentString 3 #$CharacterString) (#$argIsa #$doOutputCommentString 3 #$CharacterString) (#$argIsa #$doOutputCommentString 3 #$CharacterString) (#$argIsa #$doOutputCommentString 2 #$ComputerFile-Abstract) (#$argIsa #$doOutputCommentString 2 #$ComputerFile-Abstract) (#$argIsa #$doOutputCommentString 2 #$ComputerFile-Abstract) (#$argIsa #$doOutputCommentString 1 #$IntelligentAgent) (#$argIsa #$doOutputCommentString 1 #$IntelligentAgent) (#$argIsa #$doOutputCommentString 1 #$IntelligentAgent) (#$arity #$doOutputCommentString 3) (#$comment #$doOutputCommentString "(#$doOutputCommentString HACKER FILE STRING) means that the HACKER adds the comment string STRING to the end of FILE. This method should be decomposed differently in specific programming domains depending on that language's style of comment. For instance, in the C language comments are bracketed by \"/*\" and \"*/\", and in lisp programs comments are preceded by a \";\" on each line.") (#$isa #$doOutputCommentString #$ComplexActionPredicate) (#$isa #$doOutputCommentString #$TernaryPredicate) (#$arg1Isa #$doOutputFunctionArgs #$ComputerProgrammer) (#$arg1Isa #$doOutputFunctionArgs #$ComputerProgrammer) (#$arg2Isa #$doOutputFunctionArgs #$ComputerFile-Abstract) (#$arg2Isa #$doOutputFunctionArgs #$ComputerFile-Abstract) (#$arg3Isa #$doOutputFunctionArgs #$ProgramExpression) (#$arg3Isa #$doOutputFunctionArgs #$ProgramExpression) (#$argAndRestIsa #$doOutputFunctionArgs 3 #$ProgramExpression) (#$argIsa #$doOutputFunctionArgs 2 #$ComputerFile-Abstract) (#$argIsa #$doOutputFunctionArgs 2 #$ComputerFile-Abstract) (#$argIsa #$doOutputFunctionArgs 2 #$ComputerFile-Abstract) (#$argIsa #$doOutputFunctionArgs 1 #$ComputerProgrammer) (#$argIsa #$doOutputFunctionArgs 1 #$ComputerProgrammer) (#$argIsa #$doOutputFunctionArgs 1 #$ComputerProgrammer) (#$argIsa #$doOutputFunctionArgs 3 #$ProgramExpression) (#$argIsa #$doOutputFunctionArgs 3 #$ProgramExpression) (#$argIsa #$doOutputFunctionArgs 3 #$ProgramExpression) (#$comment #$doOutputFunctionArgs "A variable arity complex action predicate. (#$doOutputFunctionArgs PROGRAMMER FILE . ARGS) means that PROGRAMMER appends to the end of FILE code for declaring the arguments ARGS of a function call.") (#$isa #$doOutputFunctionArgs #$ComplexActionPredicate) (#$isa #$doOutputFunctionArgs #$Predicate) (#$isa #$doOutputFunctionArgs #$VariableArityRelation) (#$arg1Isa #$doOutputFunctionReturn #$ComputerUser) (#$arg1Isa #$doOutputFunctionReturn #$ComputerUser) (#$arg2Isa #$doOutputFunctionReturn #$ComputerFile-Abstract) (#$arg2Isa #$doOutputFunctionReturn #$ComputerFile-Abstract) (#$arg3Isa #$doOutputFunctionReturn #$Algorithm) (#$arg3Isa #$doOutputFunctionReturn #$Algorithm) (#$arg4Isa #$doOutputFunctionReturn #$ProgramExpression) (#$arg4Isa #$doOutputFunctionReturn #$ProgramExpression) (#$argIsa #$doOutputFunctionReturn 3 #$Algorithm) (#$argIsa #$doOutputFunctionReturn 3 #$Algorithm) (#$argIsa #$doOutputFunctionReturn 3 #$Algorithm) (#$argIsa #$doOutputFunctionReturn 2 #$ComputerFile-Abstract) (#$argIsa #$doOutputFunctionReturn 2 #$ComputerFile-Abstract) (#$argIsa #$doOutputFunctionReturn 2 #$ComputerFile-Abstract) (#$argIsa #$doOutputFunctionReturn 1 #$ComputerUser) (#$argIsa #$doOutputFunctionReturn 1 #$ComputerUser) (#$argIsa #$doOutputFunctionReturn 1 #$ComputerUser) (#$argIsa #$doOutputFunctionReturn 4 #$ProgramExpression) (#$argIsa #$doOutputFunctionReturn 4 #$ProgramExpression) (#$argIsa #$doOutputFunctionReturn 4 #$ProgramExpression) (#$arity #$doOutputFunctionReturn 4) (#$comment #$doOutputFunctionReturn "A quaternary complex action predicate. (#$doOutputFunctionReturn PROGRAMMER FILE ALGORITHM RET-EXPRESSION) means that PROGRAMMER appends to FILE code which returns RET-EXPRESSION as the value for a program function which implements ALGORITHM.") (#$isa #$doOutputFunctionReturn #$ComplexActionPredicate) (#$isa #$doOutputFunctionReturn #$QuaternaryPredicate) (#$arg1Isa #$doOutputProgramExpression #$ComputerProgrammer) (#$arg1Isa #$doOutputProgramExpression #$ComputerProgrammer) (#$arg2Isa #$doOutputProgramExpression #$ComputerFile-Abstract) (#$arg2Isa #$doOutputProgramExpression #$ComputerFile-Abstract) (#$arg3Isa #$doOutputProgramExpression #$Thing) (#$arg3Isa #$doOutputProgramExpression #$Thing) (#$argIsa #$doOutputProgramExpression 2 #$ComputerFile-Abstract) (#$argIsa #$doOutputProgramExpression 2 #$ComputerFile-Abstract) (#$argIsa #$doOutputProgramExpression 2 #$ComputerFile-Abstract) (#$argIsa #$doOutputProgramExpression 1 #$ComputerProgrammer) (#$argIsa #$doOutputProgramExpression 1 #$ComputerProgrammer) (#$argIsa #$doOutputProgramExpression 1 #$ComputerProgrammer) (#$argIsa #$doOutputProgramExpression 3 #$Thing) (#$argIsa #$doOutputProgramExpression 3 #$Thing) (#$argIsa #$doOutputProgramExpression 3 #$Thing) (#$arity #$doOutputProgramExpression 3) (#$comment #$doOutputProgramExpression "A ternary complex action predicate. (#$doOutputProgramExpression PROGRAMMER FILE EXPRESSION) means that PROGRAMMER appends EXPRESSION to the end of computer file FILE.") (#$isa #$doOutputProgramExpression #$ComplexActionPredicate) (#$isa #$doOutputProgramExpression #$TernaryPredicate) (#$arg1Isa #$doOutputProgramFunctionHeader #$ComputerProgrammer) (#$arg1Isa #$doOutputProgramFunctionHeader #$ComputerProgrammer) (#$arg2Isa #$doOutputProgramFunctionHeader #$ComputerFile-Abstract) (#$arg2Isa #$doOutputProgramFunctionHeader #$ComputerFile-Abstract) (#$arg3Isa #$doOutputProgramFunctionHeader #$FunctionalAlgorithm) (#$arg3Isa #$doOutputProgramFunctionHeader #$FunctionalAlgorithm) (#$argIsa #$doOutputProgramFunctionHeader 2 #$ComputerFile-Abstract) (#$argIsa #$doOutputProgramFunctionHeader 2 #$ComputerFile-Abstract) (#$argIsa #$doOutputProgramFunctionHeader 2 #$ComputerFile-Abstract) (#$argIsa #$doOutputProgramFunctionHeader 1 #$ComputerProgrammer) (#$argIsa #$doOutputProgramFunctionHeader 1 #$ComputerProgrammer) (#$argIsa #$doOutputProgramFunctionHeader 1 #$ComputerProgrammer) (#$argIsa #$doOutputProgramFunctionHeader 3 #$FunctionalAlgorithm) (#$argIsa #$doOutputProgramFunctionHeader 3 #$FunctionalAlgorithm) (#$argIsa #$doOutputProgramFunctionHeader 3 #$FunctionalAlgorithm) (#$arity #$doOutputProgramFunctionHeader 3) (#$comment #$doOutputProgramFunctionHeader "A ternary complex action predicate. (#$doOutputProgramFunctionHeader PROGRAMMER FILE ALGORITHM) means that PROGRAMMER appends the header of a program function declaration that implements ALGORITHM to the computer source code file FILE. The header typically includes the program function's name and its parameter list.") (#$isa #$doOutputProgramFunctionHeader #$ComplexActionPredicate) (#$isa #$doOutputProgramFunctionHeader #$TernaryPredicate) (#$arg1Isa #$doOutputProgramOperator #$ComputerProgrammer) (#$arg1Isa #$doOutputProgramOperator #$ComputerProgrammer) (#$arg2Isa #$doOutputProgramOperator #$ComputerFile-Abstract) (#$arg2Isa #$doOutputProgramOperator #$ComputerFile-Abstract) (#$arg3Isa #$doOutputProgramOperator #$ProgramOperator) (#$arg3Isa #$doOutputProgramOperator #$ProgramOperator) (#$argIsa #$doOutputProgramOperator 2 #$ComputerFile-Abstract) (#$argIsa #$doOutputProgramOperator 2 #$ComputerFile-Abstract) (#$argIsa #$doOutputProgramOperator 2 #$ComputerFile-Abstract) (#$argIsa #$doOutputProgramOperator 1 #$ComputerProgrammer) (#$argIsa #$doOutputProgramOperator 1 #$ComputerProgrammer) (#$argIsa #$doOutputProgramOperator 1 #$ComputerProgrammer) (#$argIsa #$doOutputProgramOperator 3 #$ProgramOperator) (#$argIsa #$doOutputProgramOperator 3 #$ProgramOperator) (#$argIsa #$doOutputProgramOperator 3 #$ProgramOperator) (#$arity #$doOutputProgramOperator 3) (#$comment #$doOutputProgramOperator "A ternary complex action predicate. (#$doOutputProgramOperator HACKER FILE OPERATOR) means that HACKER appends code signifying OPERATOR to the end of source code file FILE. This is usually done when operator is part of a #$ProgramExpression.") (#$isa #$doOutputProgramOperator #$ComplexActionPredicate) (#$isa #$doOutputProgramOperator #$TernaryPredicate) (#$arg1Isa #$doOutputStatementPart #$IntelligentAgent) (#$arg1Isa #$doOutputStatementPart #$IntelligentAgent) (#$arg2Isa #$doOutputStatementPart #$ComputerFile-Abstract) (#$arg2Isa #$doOutputStatementPart #$ComputerFile-Abstract) (#$arg3Isa #$doOutputStatementPart #$ProgramSyntaxObject) (#$arg3Isa #$doOutputStatementPart #$ProgramSyntaxObject) (#$argIsa #$doOutputStatementPart 2 #$ComputerFile-Abstract) (#$argIsa #$doOutputStatementPart 2 #$ComputerFile-Abstract) (#$argIsa #$doOutputStatementPart 2 #$ComputerFile-Abstract) (#$argIsa #$doOutputStatementPart 1 #$IntelligentAgent) (#$argIsa #$doOutputStatementPart 1 #$IntelligentAgent) (#$argIsa #$doOutputStatementPart 1 #$IntelligentAgent) (#$argIsa #$doOutputStatementPart 3 #$ProgramSyntaxObject) (#$argIsa #$doOutputStatementPart 3 #$ProgramSyntaxObject) (#$argIsa #$doOutputStatementPart 3 #$ProgramSyntaxObject) (#$arity #$doOutputStatementPart 3) (#$comment #$doOutputStatementPart "A ternary complex action predicate. (#$doOutputStatementPart PROGRAMMER FILE SYNTAXOBJECT) means that PROGRAMMER appends to the end of FILE a string (or strings) which signify SYNTAXOBJECT in the current programming language, to determined by context.") (#$isa #$doOutputStatementPart #$ComplexActionPredicate) (#$isa #$doOutputStatementPart #$TernaryPredicate) (#$arg1Isa #$doOutputTypeofVariable #$ComputerProgrammer) (#$arg1Isa #$doOutputTypeofVariable #$ComputerProgrammer) (#$arg2Isa #$doOutputTypeofVariable #$ComputerFile-Abstract) (#$arg2Isa #$doOutputTypeofVariable #$ComputerFile-Abstract) (#$arg3Isa #$doOutputTypeofVariable #$SoftwareParameter) (#$arg3Isa #$doOutputTypeofVariable #$SoftwareParameter) (#$argIsa #$doOutputTypeofVariable 2 #$ComputerFile-Abstract) (#$argIsa #$doOutputTypeofVariable 2 #$ComputerFile-Abstract) (#$argIsa #$doOutputTypeofVariable 2 #$ComputerFile-Abstract) (#$argIsa #$doOutputTypeofVariable 1 #$ComputerProgrammer) (#$argIsa #$doOutputTypeofVariable 1 #$ComputerProgrammer) (#$argIsa #$doOutputTypeofVariable 1 #$ComputerProgrammer) (#$argIsa #$doOutputTypeofVariable 3 #$SoftwareParameter) (#$argIsa #$doOutputTypeofVariable 3 #$SoftwareParameter) (#$argIsa #$doOutputTypeofVariable 3 #$SoftwareParameter) (#$arity #$doOutputTypeofVariable 3) (#$comment #$doOutputTypeofVariable "A ternary complex action predicate. (#$doOutputTypeofVariable PROGRAMMER FILE VARIABLE) means that PROGRAMMER appends a string (or strings) to the end of FILE which signifies the data type of VARIABLE. This activity will usually only occur when programming in typed languages like #$JavaProgrammingLanguage.") (#$isa #$doOutputTypeofVariable #$ComplexActionPredicate) (#$isa #$doOutputTypeofVariable #$TernaryPredicate) (#$arg1Isa #$doProgramAbsoluteValueComputation #$ComputerUser) (#$arg1Isa #$doProgramAbsoluteValueComputation #$ComputerUser) (#$arg2Isa #$doProgramAbsoluteValueComputation #$ComputerFile-Abstract) (#$arg2Isa #$doProgramAbsoluteValueComputation #$ComputerFile-Abstract) (#$arg3Isa #$doProgramAbsoluteValueComputation #$ProgramExpression) (#$arg3Isa #$doProgramAbsoluteValueComputation #$ProgramExpression) (#$arg4Isa #$doProgramAbsoluteValueComputation #$ProgramVariable) (#$arg4Isa #$doProgramAbsoluteValueComputation #$ProgramVariable) (#$argIsa #$doProgramAbsoluteValueComputation 2 #$ComputerFile-Abstract) (#$argIsa #$doProgramAbsoluteValueComputation 2 #$ComputerFile-Abstract) (#$argIsa #$doProgramAbsoluteValueComputation 2 #$ComputerFile-Abstract) (#$argIsa #$doProgramAbsoluteValueComputation 1 #$ComputerUser) (#$argIsa #$doProgramAbsoluteValueComputation 1 #$ComputerUser) (#$argIsa #$doProgramAbsoluteValueComputation 1 #$ComputerUser) (#$argIsa #$doProgramAbsoluteValueComputation 3 #$ProgramExpression) (#$argIsa #$doProgramAbsoluteValueComputation 3 #$ProgramExpression) (#$argIsa #$doProgramAbsoluteValueComputation 3 #$ProgramExpression) (#$argIsa #$doProgramAbsoluteValueComputation 4 #$ProgramVariable) (#$argIsa #$doProgramAbsoluteValueComputation 4 #$ProgramVariable) (#$argIsa #$doProgramAbsoluteValueComputation 4 #$ProgramVariable) (#$arity #$doProgramAbsoluteValueComputation 4) (#$comment #$doProgramAbsoluteValueComputation "(#$doProgramAbsoluteValueComputation AGENT FILE NUMBER RESULT) means that AGENT writes code in file FILE that computes the absolute value of NUMBER and stores it in variable RESULT.") (#$isa #$doProgramAbsoluteValueComputation #$ComplexActionPredicate) (#$isa #$doProgramAbsoluteValueComputation #$QuaternaryPredicate) (#$arg1Isa #$doProgramCondition #$ComputerProgrammer) (#$arg1Isa #$doProgramCondition #$ComputerProgrammer) (#$arg2Isa #$doProgramCondition #$ComputerFile-Abstract) (#$arg2Isa #$doProgramCondition #$ComputerFile-Abstract) (#$arg3Isa #$doProgramCondition #$ProgramCondition) (#$arg3Isa #$doProgramCondition #$ProgramCondition) (#$argIsa #$doProgramCondition 2 #$ComputerFile-Abstract) (#$argIsa #$doProgramCondition 2 #$ComputerFile-Abstract) (#$argIsa #$doProgramCondition 2 #$ComputerFile-Abstract) (#$argIsa #$doProgramCondition 1 #$ComputerProgrammer) (#$argIsa #$doProgramCondition 1 #$ComputerProgrammer) (#$argIsa #$doProgramCondition 1 #$ComputerProgrammer) (#$argIsa #$doProgramCondition 3 #$ProgramCondition) (#$argIsa #$doProgramCondition 3 #$ProgramCondition) (#$argIsa #$doProgramCondition 3 #$ProgramCondition) (#$arity #$doProgramCondition 3) (#$comment #$doProgramCondition "A ternary complex action predicate. (#$doProgramCondition PROGRAMMER FILE CONDITION) means that PROGRAMMER appends code to the end of FILE which evaluates CONDITION and maps into the boolean space of the contextual programming language. For example, the conditional expressions of the \"if\" or \"while\" statements of many languages.") (#$isa #$doProgramCondition #$ComplexActionPredicate) (#$isa #$doProgramCondition #$TernaryPredicate) (#$arg1Isa #$doProgramStep #$ComputerProgrammer) (#$arg1Isa #$doProgramStep #$ComputerProgrammer) (#$arg2Isa #$doProgramStep #$ComputerFile-Abstract) (#$arg2Isa #$doProgramStep #$ComputerFile-Abstract) (#$arg3Isa #$doProgramStep #$ProgramStep) (#$arg3Isa #$doProgramStep #$ProgramStep) (#$argIsa #$doProgramStep 2 #$ComputerFile-Abstract) (#$argIsa #$doProgramStep 2 #$ComputerFile-Abstract) (#$argIsa #$doProgramStep 2 #$ComputerFile-Abstract) (#$argIsa #$doProgramStep 1 #$ComputerProgrammer) (#$argIsa #$doProgramStep 1 #$ComputerProgrammer) (#$argIsa #$doProgramStep 1 #$ComputerProgrammer) (#$argIsa #$doProgramStep 3 #$ProgramStep) (#$argIsa #$doProgramStep 3 #$ProgramStep) (#$argIsa #$doProgramStep 3 #$ProgramStep) (#$arity #$doProgramStep 3) (#$comment #$doProgramStep "A ternary complex action predicate. (#$doProgramStep PROGRAMMER FILE STEP) means that PROGRAMMER appends code to the end of FILE that implements STEP, in the programming language determined by the current context.") (#$isa #$doProgramStep #$ComplexActionPredicate) (#$isa #$doProgramStep #$TernaryPredicate) (#$arg1Isa #$doProgramStepSequence #$ComputerProgrammer) (#$arg1Isa #$doProgramStepSequence #$ComputerProgrammer) (#$arg2Isa #$doProgramStepSequence #$ComputerFile-Abstract) (#$arg2Isa #$doProgramStepSequence #$ComputerFile-Abstract) (#$arg3Isa #$doProgramStepSequence #$ProgramStep) (#$arg3Isa #$doProgramStepSequence #$ProgramStep) (#$argAndRestIsa #$doProgramStepSequence 3 #$ProgramStep) (#$argIsa #$doProgramStepSequence 2 #$ComputerFile-Abstract) (#$argIsa #$doProgramStepSequence 2 #$ComputerFile-Abstract) (#$argIsa #$doProgramStepSequence 2 #$ComputerFile-Abstract) (#$argIsa #$doProgramStepSequence 1 #$ComputerProgrammer) (#$argIsa #$doProgramStepSequence 1 #$ComputerProgrammer) (#$argIsa #$doProgramStepSequence 1 #$ComputerProgrammer) (#$argIsa #$doProgramStepSequence 3 #$ProgramStep) (#$argIsa #$doProgramStepSequence 3 #$ProgramStep) (#$argIsa #$doProgramStepSequence 3 #$ProgramStep) (#$comment #$doProgramStepSequence "A variable arity complex action predicate. (#$doProgramStepSequence PROGRAMMER FILE . STEPS) means that PROGRAMMER appends code to the end of FILE that implements STEPS, in the programming language determined by the current context. Each element of STEP is implemented in sequence.") (#$isa #$doProgramStepSequence #$ComplexActionPredicate) (#$isa #$doProgramStepSequence #$Predicate) (#$isa #$doProgramStepSequence #$VariableArityRelation) (#$comment #$DoubleFloatObject "An instance of #$ComputerDataType. The double precision floating point number representation in, for example, the #$C-ComputerLanguage.") (#$genls #$DoubleFloatObject #$ProgramObject) (#$isa #$DoubleFloatObject #$Collection) (#$isa #$DoubleFloatObject #$ComputerDataType) (#$comment #$DoubleHelix "An important specialization of #$Helix. Each #$DoubleHelix consists of two instances of #$Helix that turn about a common axis.") (#$genls #$DoubleHelix #$Helix) (#$genls #$DoubleHelix #$Individual) (#$isa #$DoubleHelix #$GenericShapeType) (#$isa #$DoubleHelix #$ThreeDimensionalShapeType) (#$comment #$Doubt "Feeling of unsureness; lack of certitude or conviction about someone or about the result of something. Skepticism. Carries no evil suspicion, as Mistrust does") (#$genls #$Doubt #$FeelingAttribute) (#$isa #$Doubt #$AtemporalNecessarilyEssentialCollectionType) (#$isa #$Doubt #$FeelingType) (#$comment #$DownloadingAFile "A specialization of #$CopyingAComputerFile. In each instance of this collection, a computer copies a file from a file system that it is #$remotelyConnectedTo over a #$ComputerNetwork to a local #$ComputerDisk or other long-term storage device.") (#$genls #$DownloadingAFile #$CopyingAComputerFile) (#$genls #$DownloadingAFile #$GeneralizedTransfer) (#$genls #$DownloadingAFile #$Individual) (#$isa #$DownloadingAFile #$DefaultDisjointScriptType) (#$isa #$DownloadingAFile #$TemporalObjectType) (#$comment #$Dread "Each Dread is an intangible object which specifies some undesirable state or event (which, by the way, are also intangible objects)") (#$genls #$Dread #$Fear) (#$isa #$Dread #$AtemporalNecessarilyEssentialCollectionType) (#$isa #$Dread #$FeelingType) (#$comment #$Dress "#$Dress is a specialization of #$Clothing-WholeBody, #$WomensClothing, and #$EnvelopingCovering. Each instance of #$Dress is an article of women's clothing that covers the upper and lower body, but which usually does not drape down to the feet.") (#$genls #$Dress #$Clothing-WholeBody) (#$genls #$Dress #$EnvelopingCovering) (#$genls #$Dress #$Individual) (#$genls #$Dress #$WomensClothing) (#$isa #$Dress #$ExistingObjectType) (#$isa #$Dress #$ProductType) (#$comment #$Drink "A specialization of both #$FoodOrDrink and #$LiquidTangibleThing. Each instance of #$Drink is a portion of a liquid of a type that is ingestible and commonly consumed by humans or animals. Instances of #$Drink, unlike instances of #$Food (q.v.), are ingested by drinking without chewing. Since soup and applesauce are normally ``eaten'' by being placed in the mouth with a spoon, they are not considered to be drunk (although one can certainly drink either), and so are not specializations of this collection. Specializations of #$Drink include #$Water-Ingestible, #$Tea-Hot, #$HotChocolate, #$Lemonade, and #$Beer.") (#$genls #$Drink #$FoodOrDrink) (#$genls #$Drink #$Individual) (#$genls #$Drink #$LiquidTangibleThing) (#$genls #$Drink #$Mixture) (#$isa #$Drink #$ExistingStuffType) (#$comment #$DrinkingEvent "A specialization of #$ConsumingFoodOrDrink. In each instance of #$DrinkingEvent, one animal consumes a substantial portion (i.e., a portion larger than a sip) of some instance of #$Drink. Each instance of #$DrinkingEvent typically consists of several instances of #$DrinkingASip (q.v.). See also #$EatingEvent.") (#$genls #$DrinkingEvent #$ConsumingFoodOrDrink) (#$genls #$DrinkingEvent #$FluidFlow-Complete) (#$genls #$DrinkingEvent #$Individual) (#$isa #$DrinkingEvent #$TemporalStuffType) (#$arg1Format #$driverActor #$SetTheFormat) (#$arg1Isa #$driverActor #$TransportInvolvingADriver) (#$arg1Isa #$driverActor #$TransportInvolvingADriver) (#$arg2Format #$driverActor #$SetTheFormat) (#$arg2Isa #$driverActor #$Person) (#$arg2Isa #$driverActor #$Person) (#$argFormat #$driverActor 1 #$SetTheFormat) (#$argFormat #$driverActor 2 #$SetTheFormat) (#$argIsa #$driverActor 2 #$Person) (#$argIsa #$driverActor 2 #$Person) (#$argIsa #$driverActor 2 #$Person) (#$argIsa #$driverActor 1 #$TransportInvolvingADriver) (#$argIsa #$driverActor 1 #$TransportInvolvingADriver) (#$argIsa #$driverActor 1 #$TransportInvolvingADriver) (#$arity #$driverActor 2) (#$comment #$driverActor "(#$driverActor DRIVE DRIVER) means that the #$Person DRIVER controls (see #$ControllingATransporter) the transporter (related to DRIVE by the predicate #$transporter (q.v.)) in the #$TransportInvolvingADriver DRIVE.") (#$genlPreds #$driverActor #$crewMember) (#$genlPreds #$driverActor #$performedBy) (#$isa #$driverActor #$ActorSlot) (#$isa #$driverActor #$AgentiveRole) (#$isa #$driverActor #$BinaryPredicate) (#$relationAllExists #$driverActor #$TransportInvolvingADriver #$TemporalThing) (#$minimizeExtent #$driverActor) (#$comment #$DrugPrescription "A specialization of #$OfficialDocument. Each instance of this collection is a document in which a doctor (#$Doctor-Medical) authorizes a patient to purchase a certain amount of a #$PrescriptionDrug and take it according to some specified schedule. See also the predicates #$prescriptionFilled and #$prescribedDrug.") (#$genls #$DrugPrescription #$Individual) (#$genls #$DrugPrescription #$OfficialDocument) (#$isa #$DrugPrescription #$ExistingObjectType) (#$isa #$DrugPrescription #$TextualMaterialTypeByFunction) (#$comment #$DrugProduct "A specialization of both #$Artifact and #$DrugSubstance. Each instance of #$DrugProduct is a drug substance manufactured by some agent. Instances of #$DrugProduct include drugs prescribed by a physician, drugs purchased as over-the-counter medicines, and drugs used for recreational purposes (so #$AlcoholicBeverage, #$Nicotine, and #$Caffeine are specializations).") (#$genls #$DrugProduct #$Artifact) (#$genls #$DrugProduct #$Artifact-NonAgentive) (#$genls #$DrugProduct #$ConsumableProduct) (#$genls #$DrugProduct #$DrugSubstance) (#$genls #$DrugProduct #$Individual) (#$isa #$DrugProduct #$ExistingStuffType) (#$isa #$DrugProduct #$ProductType) (#$comment #$DrugSubstance "A specialization of #$PartiallyTangible. Each instance of #$DrugSubstance is something that can be introduced into an organism's body to produce certain physiological effects. This collection includes naturally-occurring substances, as well as manufactured substances (for the latter, see the specialization #$DrugProduct).") (#$disjointWith #$DrugSubstance #$BuildingMaterial) (#$disjointWith #$DrugSubstance (#$CollectionUnionFn (#$TheSet #$Agent-Generic (#$GroupFn #$Agent-Generic)))) (#$genls #$DrugSubstance #$Individual) (#$genls #$DrugSubstance #$PartiallyTangible) (#$isa #$DrugSubstance #$ExistingStuffType) (#$comment #$DrugTherapy "A collection of medical care events in which drugs accomplish a medical purpose. An instance of #$DrugTherapy is the result of an instance of #$AdministeringADrug (q.v.). An instance of #$DrugTherapy is the event of the patient's body undergoing the physiological effects of the drug it was given. Note: #$DrugTherapy events do not include the administration of the drug; rather, they are the results of such administrations. Cf. #$AdministeringADrug.") (#$genls #$DrugTherapy #$Individual) (#$genls #$DrugTherapy #$MedicalTreatmentEvent) (#$isa #$DrugTherapy #$DefaultDisjointScriptType) (#$arg1Genl #$DrugTherapyUseFn #$PartiallyTangible) (#$arg1Genl #$DrugTherapyUseFn #$PartiallyTangible) (#$arg1Isa #$DrugTherapyUseFn #$Collection) (#$arg1Isa #$DrugTherapyUseFn #$Collection) (#$argGenl #$DrugTherapyUseFn 1 #$PartiallyTangible) (#$argGenl #$DrugTherapyUseFn 1 #$PartiallyTangible) (#$argGenl #$DrugTherapyUseFn 1 #$PartiallyTangible) (#$argIsa #$DrugTherapyUseFn 1 #$Collection) (#$argIsa #$DrugTherapyUseFn 1 #$Collection) (#$argIsa #$DrugTherapyUseFn 1 #$Collection) (#$arity #$DrugTherapyUseFn 1) (#$comment #$DrugTherapyUseFn "The collection of events in which instances of ARG1 are used to achieve a medical purpose. These events do not include the administration of the drug - they are the scripts which result from that administration.") (#$isa #$DrugTherapyUseFn #$CollectionDenotingFunction) (#$isa #$DrugTherapyUseFn #$CollectionDenotingFunction) (#$isa #$DrugTherapyUseFn #$ReifiableFunction) (#$isa #$DrugTherapyUseFn #$UnaryFunction) (#$resultGenl #$DrugTherapyUseFn #$DrugTherapy) (#$resultGenl #$DrugTherapyUseFn #$Individual) (#$resultIsa #$DrugTherapyUseFn #$TemporalStuffType) (#$resultIsa #$DrugTherapyUseFn #$TemporalStuffType) (#$comment #$Drying "A collection of events in which involves a reduction in the moistness of something -- either its water content or its surface wetness -- by evaporation, absorption (e.g. with towels), or some other process. Typical objects of a #$Drying event include instances of: paint, food, dishes, clothes, humans. The event of a clothes dryer running is a #$Drying.") (#$genls #$Drying #$Individual) (#$genls #$Drying #$IntrinsicStateChangeEvent) (#$genls #$Drying #$PhysicalEvent) (#$isa #$Drying #$DefaultDisjointScriptType) (#$isa #$Drying #$TemporalStuffType) (#$comment #$DrySeason "A specialization of #$SeasonOfYear. Each instance of #$DrySeason is the driest season of the year in a particular region during an annual climate cycle (see #$AnnualClimateCycle). Note that #$DrySeason is _not_ a specialization of #$CalendarSeason.") (#$genls #$DrySeason #$Individual) (#$genls #$DrySeason #$SeasonOfYear) (#$isa #$DrySeason #$TemporalObjectType) (#$comment #$DryTropicalForest "Instances are areas of semi-deciduous forest growing in semi-arid areas of South America and the Indian subcontinent. Rainfall in these areas usually averages less than 250mm per annum. Thorny scrub and low- to medium-sized trees with thick bark and deep roots characterize the vegetation. Source: The Times Atlas of the World (1995).") (#$genlAttributes #$DryTropicalForest #$Scrubby-B) (#$isa #$DryTropicalForest #$AttributeValue) (#$isa #$DryTropicalForest #$PhysicalAttributeOfTangibleOnly) (#$comment #$DryTropicalScrubAndThornRegion "Attribute of areas of low-growing, widely spaced shrubs, bushes, and succulents, found in extensive areas of Central and South America, Africa, the Indian subcontinent, and Australia. Source: The Times Atlas of the World (1995).") (#$genlAttributes #$DryTropicalScrubAndThornRegion #$Scrubby-B) (#$isa #$DryTropicalScrubAndThornRegion #$AttributeValue) (#$isa #$DryTropicalScrubAndThornRegion #$PhysicalAttributeOfTangibleOnly) (#$comment #$DualistGeopoliticalMt "The #$DualistGeopoliticalMt assumes that the instances of #$GeopoliticalEntity and #$GeographicalAgent are both #$Agents and #$GeographicalRegions. This allows us, in most cases, not to reify the #$physicalExtent of the entity, and just state geographic aspects directly about the agent/region combination. Thus, under this microtheory the #$CityOfMiamiFL can be regarded as both an #$Agent -- it can do things like enter into agreements with other cities -- and a #$Place -- it is a patch of ground with certain physical features, boundaries, etc. See also #$PhysicalGeographyMt, in which #$GeographicalAgents are not also #$GeographicalRegions. This microtheory is for generic rules about how worlds act that have #$GeographicalAgents which are treated as #$GeographicalRegions. It should not have any assertions directly related to #$PlanetEarth. To make assertions specifically about #$PlanetEarth, use the more specific #$WorldGeographyDualistMt") (#$genlMt #$DualistGeopoliticalMt #$BaseKB) (#$genlMt #$DualistGeopoliticalMt #$CultureGMt) (#$genlMt #$DualistGeopoliticalMt #$DualistGeopoliticalVocabularyMt) (#$genlMt #$DualistGeopoliticalMt #$GeographyMt) (#$isa #$DualistGeopoliticalMt #$GeneralMicrotheory) (#$isa #$DualistGeopoliticalMt #$TheoryMicrotheory) (#$comment #$DualistGeopoliticalVocabularyMt "The #$VocabularyMicrotheory for #$DualistGeopoliticalMt.") (#$genlMt #$DualistGeopoliticalVocabularyMt #$BaseKB) (#$genlMt #$DualistGeopoliticalVocabularyMt #$CultureGVocabularyMt) (#$genlMt #$DualistGeopoliticalVocabularyMt #$GeographyVocabularyMt) (#$isa #$DualistGeopoliticalVocabularyMt #$VocabularyMicrotheory) (#$comment #$Dualist-Physical-AndGenericGeographyMtNote "#$GeographicalAgents (#$Country, #$City, #$Neighborhood, ...) are #$Agents which can be considered to have a specific territorial expanse. In some cases, it is useful to consider the territory and the agent to be different entities, while in others it is useful to use the agent as a referent for the territory. CYC allows for both of these interpretations, in different contexts. In a physical geography microtheory (#$PhysicalGeographyMt and its submicrotheories) #$Agents are disjoint from places and '(#$TerritoryFn <#$Agent>)' is used to specify the territory. In 'dualist' microtheories (submicrotheories of #$DualistGeopoliticalMt) the elements of #$GeopoliticalEntity and #$GeographicalAgent are both #$Agents and #$GeographicalRegions. These microtheories need not reify the #$physicalExtent of the entity, but just state geographic aspects directly about the agent/region combination. Generic geography microtheories (e.g. #$WorldGeographyMt and #$UnitedStatesGeographyMt) are used for assertions that do not require the specification of whether or not a #$GeographicalAgent is to be treated as a #$GeographicalRegion. For example, state (#$geopoliticalSubdivisions COUNTRY CITY) or (#$surroundsHorizontally #$AtlanticOcean #$Iceland-TheIsland) in a generic geography microtheory, (#$bordersOn #$Mali #$Niger) in a 'dualist' microtheory, and (#$isa #$WallisAndFutunaIslands #$Archipelago) in a physical geography microtheory if it is being defined as a colony in a dualist microthory.") (#$isa #$Dualist-Physical-AndGenericGeographyMtNote #$List) (#$isa #$Dualist-Physical-AndGenericGeographyMtNote #$SharedNote) (#$comment #$DurableGood "#$DurableGoods are #$PartiallyTangibleProducts whose usefulness continues for a number of years -- that are not destroyed in a single usage. Examples: household appliances, automobiles, machinery.") (#$genls #$DurableGood #$Individual) (#$genls #$DurableGood #$PartiallyTangibleProduct) (#$isa #$DurableGood #$FirstOrderCollection) (#$isa #$DurableGood #$ProductType) (#$arg1Isa #$duration #$TemporalThing) (#$arg2Format #$duration #$IntervalEntry) (#$arg2Isa #$duration #$Time-Quantity) (#$argFormat #$duration 2 #$IntervalEntry) (#$argIsa #$duration 1 #$TemporalThing) (#$argIsa #$duration 1 #$TemporalThing) (#$argIsa #$duration 2 #$Time-Quantity) (#$argIsa #$duration 2 #$Time-Quantity) (#$arity #$duration 2) (#$comment #$duration "This predicate relates a temporal thing to the length of time it happened or existed. (#$duration TEMPTHING DURATION) means that DURATION is the length of time TEMPTHING happened (if an event) or existed (if a physical object or static situation). If TEMPTHING is #$temporallyContinuous, its #$duration is the same as its #$measure (the elapsed time from start to end); but if TEMPTHING is discontinuous, its #$duration is strictly less than its #$measure. For example, the #$duration of Sundays-in-April-2001 is (#$DaysDuration 5), whereas the #$measure of that same temporal object is (#$DaysDuration 29).") (#$functionalInArgs #$duration 2) (#$isa #$duration #$BinaryPredicate) (#$isa #$duration #$IntervalBasedQuantitySlot) (#$relationAllExists #$duration #$TemporalThing #$Time-Quantity) (#$relationAllInstance #$duration (#$TransportViaFn #$Airplane) (#$HoursDuration 0.5 12)) (#$relationAllInstance #$duration #$CalendarDay (#$DaysDuration 1)) (#$relationAllInstance #$duration #$February (#$DaysDuration 28 29)) (#$relationAllInstance #$duration #$April (#$DaysDuration 30)) (#$relationAllInstance #$duration #$June (#$DaysDuration 30)) (#$relationAllInstance #$duration #$November (#$DaysDuration 30)) (#$relationAllInstance #$duration #$September (#$DaysDuration 30)) (#$relationAllInstance #$duration #$August (#$DaysDuration 31)) (#$relationAllInstance #$duration #$December (#$DaysDuration 31)) (#$relationAllInstance #$duration #$January (#$DaysDuration 31)) (#$relationAllInstance #$duration #$July (#$DaysDuration 31)) (#$relationAllInstance #$duration #$March (#$DaysDuration 31)) (#$relationAllInstance #$duration #$May (#$DaysDuration 31)) (#$relationAllInstance #$duration #$October (#$DaysDuration 31)) (#$relationAllInstance #$duration #$NonLeapYear (#$DaysDuration 365)) (#$relationAllInstance #$duration #$LeapYear (#$DaysDuration 366)) (#$relationAllInstance #$duration #$CalendarDecade (#$DecadesDuration 1)) (#$relationAllInstance #$duration #$CalendarHalfCentury (#$DecadesDuration 5)) (#$relationAllInstance #$duration #$DentalCareEvent (#$HoursDuration 0.5 3)) (#$relationAllInstance #$duration #$CalendarHour (#$HoursDuration 1)) (#$relationAllInstance #$duration #$Sleeping (#$HoursDuration 1 12)) (#$relationAllInstance #$duration #$CalendarDay (#$HoursDuration 24)) (#$relationAllInstance #$duration #$CookingFood (#$IntervalMaxFn (#$DaysDuration 1))) (#$relationAllInstance #$duration #$ChangingDeviceState (#$IntervalMaxFn (#$SecondsDuration 1))) (#$relationAllInstance #$duration #$TimePoint (#$MinutesDuration 0)) (#$relationAllInstance #$duration #$Reading (#$MinutesDuration 0.02 600)) (#$relationAllInstance #$duration #$AnimalWalkingProcess (#$MinutesDuration 0.5 600)) (#$relationAllInstance #$duration #$CalendarMinute (#$MinutesDuration 1)) (#$relationAllInstance #$duration #$MedicalTreatmentEvent (#$MinutesDuration 1 300)) (#$relationAllInstance #$duration #$Dawn (#$MinutesDuration 30 60)) (#$relationAllInstance #$duration #$Dusk (#$MinutesDuration 30 60)) (#$relationAllInstance #$duration #$DeliveringSomeoneSomething (#$MinutesDuration 5 1500)) (#$relationAllInstance #$duration #$SportsEvent (#$MinutesDuration 5 240)) (#$relationAllInstance #$duration #$CalendarHour (#$MinutesDuration 60)) (#$relationAllInstance #$duration #$CalendarMonth (#$MonthsDuration 1)) (#$relationAllInstance #$duration #$CalendarYear (#$MonthsDuration 12)) (#$relationAllInstance #$duration #$CalendarQuarter (#$MonthsDuration 3)) (#$relationAllInstance #$duration #$CalendarSeason (#$MonthsDuration 3)) (#$relationAllInstance #$duration #$FiscalQuarter (#$MonthsDuration 3)) (#$relationAllInstance #$duration #$CalendarQuarter (#$QuartersDuration 1)) (#$relationAllInstance #$duration #$CalendarSecond (#$SecondsDuration 1)) (#$relationAllInstance #$duration #$CalendarWeek (#$WeeksDuration 1)) (#$relationAllInstance #$duration #$CalendarYear (#$YearsDuration 1)) (#$relationAllInstance #$duration #$FiscalYear (#$YearsDuration 1)) (#$relationInstanceExists #$duration (#$GenericInstanceFn #$Dog) #$Time-Quantity) (#$comment #$Dusk "A specialization of #$Twilight. Each instance of #$Dusk is a dimly-lit period of time which is #$contiguousAfter an instance of #$Sunset, and is the event which starts an instance of #$Night.") (#$genls #$Dusk #$Individual) (#$genls #$Dusk #$Twilight) (#$isa #$Dusk #$TemporalObjectType) (#$comment #$Dying "A collection of events. Each instance of #$Dying is an event in which a living organism (an instance of #$Organism-Whole) ceases to live and thus ceases to exist. The physical portion of the organism may remain, but that is not considered an instance of #$Organism-Whole (cf. #$DeadAnimal). Note that the expiring animal is related to its dying event by #$bodilyDoer (q.v.)--in contrast to the role an organism plays when it is the #$objectActedOn in a #$Killing-Biological event (which will have some #$Dying event among its #$subEvents), and cf. #$bodilyActedOn.") (#$genls #$Dying #$DyingOfBLO) (#$genls #$Dying #$Individual) (#$isa #$Dying #$DefaultDisjointScriptType) (#$isa #$Dying #$TemporalObjectType) (#$comment #$DyingOfBLO "A #$PunctualEventType and a specialization of both #$BiologicalDestructionEvent and #$SingleDoerAction (qq.v.). Each instance of #$DyingOfBLO is an event of some #$BiologicalLivingObject's dying. For the more specific collection of deaths of whole organisms, see #$Dying. Also see #$deathOf.") (#$genls #$DyingOfBLO #$BiologicalDestructionEvent) (#$genls #$DyingOfBLO #$SingleDoerAction) (#$isa #$DyingOfBLO #$DefaultDisjointScriptType) (#$isa #$DyingOfBLO #$TemporalObjectType) (#$comment #$DynamicIndexedInfoSource "The collection of #$IndexedInformationSources for which the associated indexing may change over time. For each #$IndexedInformationSource, and for each time, there is a characteristic function associating index terms with the pieces of information indexed by that #$IndexedInformationSource (see #$comment on #$IndexedInformationSource). For any #$DynamicIndexedInfoSource, the indexing of information may change over time. Each #$DynamicIndexedInfoSource is such that it may have various characteristic functions over the course of its existence. This can happen in several ways: New information is added to the source and is indexed by some new terms; the index terms and information in the source remain the same, but the indexing changes; information or terms are removed from the source. The OED, considered as a single work that has been modified over time, is an example of an #$DynamicIndexedInfoSource -- the amount of information (the number of definintions) in this source has increased, and the number of index terms (the number of words defined) has also increased. Another example is the #$WorldWideWeb-DynamicIndexedInfoSource. This #$DynamicIndexedInfoSource associates, at a given time, certain peices of information (web pages) with certain addresses (URLs). At a later time it may associate a new web page with a previously unused URL, or it may associate an existing web page with a URL previously used for a different web page.") (#$genls #$DynamicIndexedInfoSource #$DynamicInfoSource) (#$genls #$DynamicIndexedInfoSource #$IndexedInformationSource) (#$genls #$DynamicIndexedInfoSource #$Individual) (#$isa #$DynamicIndexedInfoSource #$TemporalStuffType) (#$comment #$DynamicInfoSource "The collection of all abstract sources of information whose information content can change over time. Includes all intangible works that 'survive' modification or editing.") (#$genls #$DynamicInfoSource #$AbstractInformationalThing) (#$genls #$DynamicInfoSource #$Artifact-Intangible) (#$genls #$DynamicInfoSource #$Individual) (#$isa #$DynamicInfoSource #$TemporalStuffType) (#$comment #$Eagerness "Intensely desiring something; impatiently expectant.") (#$genls #$Eagerness #$FeelingAttribute) (#$isa #$Eagerness #$AtemporalNecessarilyEssentialCollectionType) (#$isa #$Eagerness #$FeelingType) (#$comment #$Ear "The organ of hearing, which occur in pairs on most animals") (#$disjointWith #$Ear #$Skin) (#$genls #$Ear #$AnimalBodyPart) (#$genls #$Ear #$ExternalAnatomicalPart) (#$genls #$Ear #$Individual) (#$genls #$Ear #$Protrusion) (#$genls #$Ear #$VibrationThroughAMediumSensor) (#$isa #$Ear #$SymmetricAnatomicalPartType) (#$comment #$East-Generally "An instance of #$GeographicalDirection. #$East-Generally comprises the cone-shaped set of vectors pointing (from some reference point) within approximately forty-five degrees of #$East-Directly (q.v.).") (#$isa #$East-Generally #$GeographicalDirection) (#$isa #$East-Generally #$GeographicalDirection-General) (#$arg1Format #$eastOf #$openEntryFormatInArgs) (#$arg1Isa #$eastOf #$SpatialThing-Localized) (#$arg1Isa #$eastOf #$SpatialThing-Localized) (#$arg2Format #$eastOf #$openEntryFormatInArgs) (#$arg2Isa #$eastOf #$SpatialThing-Localized) (#$arg2Isa #$eastOf #$SpatialThing-Localized) (#$argFormat #$eastOf 1 #$openEntryFormatInArgs) (#$argFormat #$eastOf 2 #$openEntryFormatInArgs) (#$argIsa #$eastOf 1 #$SpatialThing-Localized) (#$argIsa #$eastOf 1 #$SpatialThing-Localized) (#$argIsa #$eastOf 1 #$SpatialThing-Localized) (#$argIsa #$eastOf 2 #$SpatialThing-Localized) (#$argIsa #$eastOf 2 #$SpatialThing-Localized) (#$argIsa #$eastOf 2 #$SpatialThing-Localized) (#$arity #$eastOf 2) (#$comment #$eastOf "(#$eastOf EAST WEST) means that the #$SpatialThing-Localized EAST is situated to the east of the #$SpatialThing-Localized WEST, when viewed in a planetary frame of reference (typically the terrestrial frame of reference). To relate the positions of fixed (as opposed to moveable) instances of #$GeographicalThing, use the more specific predicate #$permanentlyEastOf.") (#$genlPreds #$eastOf #$onSamePlanetSurfaceAs) (#$isa #$eastOf #$AsymmetricBinaryPredicate) (#$isa #$eastOf #$CotemporalObjectsSlot) (#$isa #$eastOf #$SpatialPredicate) (#$negationInverse #$eastOf #$spatiallySubsumes) (#$negationPreds #$eastOf #$spatiallySubsumes) (#$comment #$EatingEvent "A specialization of #$ConsumingFoodOrDrink. Each instance of #$EatingEvent is an event which involves the consumption of a substantial portion of food (i.e., a portion larger than a morsel) by one animal. Each instance of #$EatingEvent is a meal or snack taken in its entirety; it is a series of individual #$EatingAMorsel (q.v.) events.") (#$genls #$EatingEvent #$ConsumingFoodOrDrink) (#$genls #$EatingEvent #$Event) (#$genls #$EatingEvent #$Individual) (#$isa #$EatingEvent #$DefaultDisjointScriptType) (#$isa #$EatingEvent #$TemporalStuffType) (#$arg1Isa #$eatsWillingly #$Animal) (#$arg1Isa #$eatsWillingly #$Animal) (#$arg2Genl #$eatsWillingly #$PartiallyTangible) (#$arg2Genl #$eatsWillingly #$PartiallyTangible) (#$arg2Isa #$eatsWillingly #$TemporalStuffType) (#$arg2Isa #$eatsWillingly #$TemporalStuffType) (#$argGenl #$eatsWillingly 2 #$PartiallyTangible) (#$argGenl #$eatsWillingly 2 #$PartiallyTangible) (#$argGenl #$eatsWillingly 2 #$PartiallyTangible) (#$argIsa #$eatsWillingly 1 #$Animal) (#$argIsa #$eatsWillingly 1 #$Animal) (#$argIsa #$eatsWillingly 1 #$Animal) (#$argIsa #$eatsWillingly 2 #$TemporalStuffType) (#$argIsa #$eatsWillingly 2 #$TemporalStuffType) (#$argIsa #$eatsWillingly 2 #$TemporalStuffType) (#$arity #$eatsWillingly 2) (#$comment #$eatsWillingly "The predicate #$eatsWillingly is used to relate an #$Animal to the type of food it will willingly eat. In a normal #$EatingEvent, the food consumed is of a type that the eater #$eatsWillingly. As negative examples, no vegetarian or herbivore #$eatsWillingly meat.") (#$isa #$eatsWillingly #$BinaryPredicate) (#$transitiveViaArg #$eatsWillingly #$genls 2) (#$comment #$EcholocationPerception "#$EcholocationPerception is the collection of spatial #$Perceivings in which a #$PerceptualAgent (such as a bat or a submarine) generates sounds (potentially ultra- or sub- sonic in frequency), hears the sounds reflected from surfaces, and thereby acquires information about the position of other objects in its environment.") (#$genls #$EcholocationPerception #$Individual) (#$genls #$EcholocationPerception #$Perceiving) (#$isa #$EcholocationPerception #$TemporalStuffType) (#$comment #$EcologicalRegion "A collection of geographical regions. Each instance of #$EcologicalRegion is a region having one or more characteristic ecosystems. From knowledge of those ecosystems, we can posit whether certain organisms can forage, reproduce, and live successfully there. Information about ecological regions typically also includes what kinds of organisms are in fact found there. In theory, any arbitrary continuous region could be analyzed as an ecological region, but most regions identified in practice have some kind of sameness or systematic interconnection in their topology, climate, and biology. Examples: the #$WesternDesertOfEgypt, the #$GreatBarrierReef, the #$Amazon-Region.") (#$genls #$EcologicalRegion #$GeographicalRegion) (#$genls #$EcologicalRegion #$Individual) (#$isa #$EcologicalRegion #$ExistingStuffType) (#$comment #$EcologyMt "This microtheory is for the axiomatization of knowledge of #$Ecology. It deals with the representation of relations between organisms and their physical and geographical environments.") (#$genlMt #$EcologyMt #$BaseKB) (#$genlMt #$EcologyMt #$BotanyMt) (#$genlMt #$EcologyMt #$EcologyVocabularyMt) (#$genlMt #$EcologyMt #$NaturalGeographyMt) (#$isa #$EcologyMt #$GeneralMicrotheory) (#$isa #$EcologyMt #$TheoryMicrotheory) (#$comment #$EcologyVocabularyMt "The #$VocabularyMicrotheory for #$EcologyMt.") (#$genlMt #$EcologyVocabularyMt #$BaseKB) (#$genlMt #$EcologyVocabularyMt #$BotanyVocabularyMt) (#$genlMt #$EcologyVocabularyMt #$NaturalGeographyVocabularyMt) (#$isa #$EcologyVocabularyMt #$VocabularyMicrotheory) (#$comment #$EconomicAction "The class of all actions which are either 'transactions' within some economic system -- instances of #$Buying, #$Bartering, contract-signing, boycotting, etc. -- or which are in some way 'directed at' the functioning of an economic system. Examples of the latter include ordering an embargo on a certain country's goods or changing a tax rate. To a first approximation, instances of #$EconomicAction must be performed by #$IntelligentAgents. E.g., although animal stampedes might have economic consequences, they are not instances of #$EconomicAction. More precisely, saying that an action is 'directed at' an economic system entails that the initiator has some awareness of its economic consequences. Even if painting my house purple results in an increased demand for purple paint, such an action is not an #$EconomicAction unless I did it in part hoping to affect the paint market in some way.") (#$genls #$EconomicAction #$EconomicEvent) (#$genls #$EconomicAction #$Individual) (#$genls #$EconomicAction #$PurposefulAction) (#$isa #$EconomicAction #$TemporalObjectType) (#$comment #$EconomicEvent "#$EconomicEvent is the most general collection of events having an economic character, such as buying and selling, inflation and recession, and economic policy-making.") (#$genls #$EconomicEvent #$Event) (#$genls #$EconomicEvent #$Individual) (#$isa #$EconomicEvent #$TemporalObjectType) (#$comment #$EdgeOnObject "The collection of all edges on objects. For a two-dimensional object, its boundaries other the edges that define the object. Edges intersect at corners. For a three dimensional object the edges are the boundaries of the surfaces that are the outer surfaces of the object (see #$objectSurfaces). Some objects, like spheres, hairs, poles and typical burrs, have no edges. A discus has one, round, edge; a typical sheet has four edges. A mountain ridge might have only a single edge. A solid polyhedron has six or more edges.") (#$comment #$EdgeOnObject "The collection of all edges on objects that are instances of #$PartiallyTangible. For a two-dimensional object, its boundaries other than corners are it edges. For a three dimensional object the edges are the outer portions of those extremities, excluding any corners (#$Corner-2or3d), that are much more acute in cross section in one direction than in most other directions at the same point. Some objects, like spheres, hairs, poles and typical burrs, have no edges. A discus has one, round, edge has four edges. A mountain ridge might have only a single edge. A solid polyhedron has six or more edges.") (#$genls #$EdgeOnObject #$EdgeOnObject-Generic) (#$genls #$EdgeOnObject #$Individual) (#$genls #$EdgeOnObject #$PartiallyTangible) (#$genls #$EdgeOnObject #$PartiallyTangible) (#$genls #$EdgeOnObject #$Path-Spatial) (#$isa #$EdgeOnObject #$RegionType) (#$comment #$EdgeOnObject-Generic "This is the collection of all edges on spatial objects, tangible or intangible. Edges define the boundaries of two-dimensional objects and the edges of the surface boundaries of three-dimensional objects. Corners define where one edge ends and another begins. See #$EdgeOnObject for a discussion of some examples of edges on physical objects.") (#$genls #$EdgeOnObject-Generic #$Individual) (#$genls #$EdgeOnObject-Generic #$Path-Simple) (#$genls #$EdgeOnObject-Generic #$SpatialThing) (#$isa #$EdgeOnObject-Generic #$ExistingObjectType) (#$arg1Genl #$EdiblesRichInFn #$Nutrient) (#$arg1Genl #$EdiblesRichInFn #$Nutrient) (#$arg1Isa #$EdiblesRichInFn #$ExistingStuffType) (#$arg1Isa #$EdiblesRichInFn #$ExistingStuffType) (#$argGenl #$EdiblesRichInFn 1 #$Nutrient) (#$argGenl #$EdiblesRichInFn 1 #$Nutrient) (#$argGenl #$EdiblesRichInFn 1 #$Nutrient) (#$argIsa #$EdiblesRichInFn 1 #$ExistingStuffType) (#$argIsa #$EdiblesRichInFn 1 #$ExistingStuffType) (#$argIsa #$EdiblesRichInFn 1 #$ExistingStuffType) (#$arity #$EdiblesRichInFn 1) (#$comment #$EdiblesRichInFn "The Cyc function #$EdiblesRichInFn is a #$CollectionDenotingFunction. It is used to represent foodstuffs which have a high concentration of a certain nutrient. (#$EdiblesRichInFn NUTRIENT) denotes the collection of edible things that are rich in the type of #$Nutrient NUTRIENT. For example, (#$EdiblesRichInFn #$EdibleCalcium) denotes the collection of all #$EdibleStuff rich in calcium; that collection will have the collection #$DairyProduct as a subset.") (#$isa #$EdiblesRichInFn #$CollectionDenotingFunction) (#$isa #$EdiblesRichInFn #$CollectionDenotingFunction) (#$isa #$EdiblesRichInFn #$ReifiableFunction) (#$isa #$EdiblesRichInFn #$UnaryFunction) (#$resultGenl #$EdiblesRichInFn #$EdibleStuff) (#$resultGenl #$EdiblesRichInFn #$Individual) (#$resultIsa #$EdiblesRichInFn #$ExistingStuffType) (#$resultIsa #$EdiblesRichInFn #$ExistingStuffType) (#$comment #$EdibleStuff "An instance of #$ExistingStuffType and a specialization of #$PartiallyTangible. Each specialization of #$EdibleStuff is a type of partially tangible stuff which all normal instances of some specialization of #$Organism-Whole can consume and successfully metabolize a significant portion of any instance of, with or without resulting harm to themselves. This collection includes virtually all animal and vegetable matter, as well as salts, potable water, and instances of #$OralDrug. It does not necessarily include things that are ingested but not metabolized, such as the stones that birds swallow to aid in digestion, or dirt, paint chips, and coins ingested by children. The function #$EdibleByFn is used to specify the collections of edible stuff that are ingestible by all normal instances of certain specializations of #$Organism-Whole, including #$Person. Note that whether an edible substance _also_ has a detrimental effect if eaten is a separate question. Something can be both edible and poisonous.") (#$disjointWith #$EdibleStuff #$GeographicalThing) (#$disjointWith #$EdibleStuff (#$GroupFn #$Organization)) (#$disjointWith #$EdibleStuff (#$GroupFn #$PhysicalDevice)) (#$genls #$EdibleStuff #$ConsumableProduct) (#$genls #$EdibleStuff #$Individual) (#$genls #$EdibleStuff #$PartiallyTangible) (#$isa #$EdibleStuff #$ExistingStuffType) (#$comment #$EdibleStuffComposite "#$EdibleStuffComposite is a specialization of #$EdibleStuff and #$Artifact-NonAgentive. Each instance of #$EdibleStuffComposite is an edible substance that is made up of two or more foodstuffs as constituents. Typically, some recipe is, explicitly or implicitly, associated with the production of such substances. #$EdibleStuffComposite includes both some instances of #$FoodIngredientOnly (e.g., a dollop of ketchup) and some instances of #$FoodOrDrink (e.g., a slice of a cheese pizza).") (#$disjointWith #$EdibleStuffComposite #$DefenseSystem) (#$genls #$EdibleStuffComposite #$Artifact) (#$genls #$EdibleStuffComposite #$Artifact-NonAgentive) (#$genls #$EdibleStuffComposite #$EdibleStuff) (#$genls #$EdibleStuffComposite #$Individual) (#$isa #$EdibleStuffComposite #$TemporalStuffType) (#$comment #$EducationalDegree "A specialization of #$Credential. Each instance of #$EducationalDegree is a credential conferred by some instance of #$EducationalOrganization on a student who has successfully completed a prescribed course of study there. #$EducationalDegree includes as instances high school, associate, baccalaureate, licensate, magisterial, professional, and doctoral degrees.") (#$genls #$EducationalDegree #$Credential) (#$genls #$EducationalDegree #$PropositionalInformationThing) (#$isa #$EducationalDegree #$ObjectType) (#$comment #$EducationalOrganization "A specialization of #$Organization. Each instance of #$EducationalOrganization is an organization whose primary function is to provide teaching and/or training as a service for students. Instances of #$EducationalOrganization may be either public or private institutions. Instances of this collection include #$AustinISD (the #$CityOfAustinTX Independent School District), #$StanfordUniversity, #$BrynMawrCollege, #$UniversityOfPennsylvaniaSchoolOfMedicine, and many other institutions.") (#$disjointWith #$EducationalOrganization #$BranchOfMilitaryService) (#$disjointWith #$EducationalOrganization #$ConstructionCompany) (#$disjointWith #$EducationalOrganization #$CountrySubsidiary) (#$disjointWith #$EducationalOrganization #$County) (#$disjointWith #$EducationalOrganization #$Court-Judicial) (#$disjointWith #$EducationalOrganization #$DiplomaticMission-ThePost) (#$disjointWith #$EducationalOrganization #$FinancialOrganization) (#$disjointWith #$EducationalOrganization #$FoodServiceOrganization) (#$disjointWith #$EducationalOrganization #$HumanlyOccupiedSpatialObject) (#$disjointWith #$EducationalOrganization #$InsuranceOrganization) (#$disjointWith #$EducationalOrganization #$ManufacturingOrganization) (#$disjointWith #$EducationalOrganization #$NationalTaxAgency) (#$disjointWith #$EducationalOrganization #$Pharmacy) (#$disjointWith #$EducationalOrganization #$ProfessionalOffice) (#$disjointWith #$EducationalOrganization #$RegionalGovernment) (#$disjointWith #$EducationalOrganization #$RetailStore) (#$disjointWith #$EducationalOrganization #$SellingOrganization) (#$disjointWith #$EducationalOrganization #$Territory) (#$disjointWith #$EducationalOrganization #$TransportationCompany) (#$disjointWith #$EducationalOrganization #$TransportationOrganization) (#$disjointWith #$EducationalOrganization #$TravelOrganization) (#$genls #$EducationalOrganization #$Individual) (#$genls #$EducationalOrganization #$Organization) (#$isa #$EducationalOrganization #$ExistingObjectType) (#$isa #$EducationalOrganization #$OrganizationTypeByIndustry) (#$arg1Isa #$effectOfActionIf-Props #$ELSentence-Assertible) (#$arg2Isa #$effectOfActionIf-Props #$ELSentence-Assertible) (#$arg3Isa #$effectOfActionIf-Props #$ELSentence-Assertible) (#$argIsa #$effectOfActionIf-Props 1 #$ELSentence-Assertible) (#$argIsa #$effectOfActionIf-Props 1 #$ELSentence-Assertible) (#$argIsa #$effectOfActionIf-Props 2 #$ELSentence-Assertible) (#$argIsa #$effectOfActionIf-Props 2 #$ELSentence-Assertible) (#$argIsa #$effectOfActionIf-Props 3 #$ELSentence-Assertible) (#$argIsa #$effectOfActionIf-Props 3 #$ELSentence-Assertible) (#$arity #$effectOfActionIf-Props 3) (#$comment #$effectOfActionIf-Props "A ternary predicate which relates three instances of #$ELSentence-Assertible. (#$effectOfActionIf-Props ACTION COND EFFECT) means that if COND is true in the context in which ACTION occurs, then ACTION makes EFFECT true. This predicate was designed to be used in the specification of planning domains (see #$PlanningDomainMicrotheory). ACTION should be an atomic sentence with an #$ActionPredicate as the formula operator (i.e. in the arg0 position). See also the binary predicate #$effectOfAction-Props.") (#$isa #$effectOfActionIf-Props #$TernaryPredicate) (#$arg1Isa #$effectOfAction-Props #$ELSentence-Assertible) (#$arg2Isa #$effectOfAction-Props #$ELSentence-Assertible) (#$argIsa #$effectOfAction-Props 1 #$ELSentence-Assertible) (#$argIsa #$effectOfAction-Props 1 #$ELSentence-Assertible) (#$argIsa #$effectOfAction-Props 2 #$ELSentence-Assertible) (#$argIsa #$effectOfAction-Props 2 #$ELSentence-Assertible) (#$arity #$effectOfAction-Props 2) (#$comment #$effectOfAction-Props "A binary predicate that relates instances of #$ELSentence-Assertible to instances of #$ELSentence-Assertible. (#$effectOfAction-Props ACTION-PROP PROP) means that an effect of ACTION-PROP is PROP, where ACTION-PROP is a proposition of the form (PRED . ARGS), PRED is an instance of #$ActionPredicate, and PROP is any proposition that describes the effect(s) of ACTION-PROP. Thus, #$effectOfAction-Props should be used only when the first argument is a proposition in which an instance of #$ActionPredicate occurs in the arg0 place.") (#$isa #$effectOfAction-Props #$AsymmetricBinaryPredicate) (#$negationInverse #$effectOfAction-Props #$effectOfAction-Props) (#$comment #$Egypt "Egypt is an #$IndependentCountry in the northeast part of the #$ContinentOfAfrica; Egypt is east of #$Libya, north of the #$Sudan, south of the eastern #$MediterraneanSea, and west of the #$RedSea.") (#$isa #$Egypt #$Entity) (#$isa #$Egypt #$IndependentCountry) (#$isa #$Egypt #$IndependentCountry) (#$isa #$Egypt #$Individual) (#$comment #$ELAssertion "A specialization of #$ELSentence-Assertible. Each instance of this collection is a syntactically and semantically well-formed sentence of CycL (i.e. an #$ELSentence-Assertible) that has been actually asserted to the Cyc Knowledge Base. When an EL assertion is presented to the Knowledge Base, the #$CycCanonicalizer \"transforms\" it into (more exactly, replaces it with) a logically equivalent #$HLAssertion, for more efficient storage and inferencing. (Note, however, that the HL Assertion will not always differ from the EL assertion it was derived from. For more detail on this \"canonicalization\" process, see the shared note #$NoteAboutELVersusHLVersusCycL). For information re. using #$ELAssertion as an arg-constraint, see #$NoteAboutAssertionsAsArgConstraints.") (#$genls #$ELAssertion #$CycLAssertion) (#$genls #$ELAssertion #$ELSentence) (#$genls #$ELAssertion #$ELSentence) (#$genls #$ELAssertion #$ELSentence-Assertible) (#$genls #$ELAssertion #$Individual) (#$isa #$ELAssertion #$AtemporalNecessarilyEssentialCollectionType) (#$isa #$ELAssertion #$Collection) (#$isa #$ELAssertion #$CoreImplementationConstant) (#$isa #$ELAssertion #$CycLExpressionType) (#$sharedNotes #$ELAssertion #$NoteAboutArgIsaCycLIndexedTerm) (#$quotedCollection #$ELAssertion) (#$comment #$Elasticity "A specialization of #$PhysicalQuantity. Each instance of #$Elasticity is a specific ability of a physical material to quickly and completely return to its original shape after deformation that does not induce breakage, without permanent change to its original dimensions. For example, billiard balls have a high degree of elasticity in this sense. Elasticities of objects are indicated with the predicate #$elasticityOfObject.") (#$disjointWith #$Elasticity #$Mass) (#$genls #$Elasticity #$PhysicalQuantity) (#$isa #$Elasticity #$AtemporalNecessarilyEssentialCollectionType) (#$isa #$Elasticity #$DerivedNumericScalarIntervalType) (#$isa #$Elasticity #$MaterialStrengthType) (#$arg1Isa #$elasticityOfObject #$SolidTangibleThing) (#$arg1Isa #$elasticityOfObject #$SolidTangibleThing) (#$arg2Format #$elasticityOfObject #$IntervalEntry) (#$arg2Format #$elasticityOfObject #$IntervalEntry) (#$arg2Isa #$elasticityOfObject #$Elasticity) (#$arg2Isa #$elasticityOfObject #$Elasticity) (#$argFormat #$elasticityOfObject 2 #$IntervalEntry) (#$argFormat #$elasticityOfObject 2 #$IntervalEntry) (#$argIsa #$elasticityOfObject 2 #$Elasticity) (#$argIsa #$elasticityOfObject 2 #$Elasticity) (#$argIsa #$elasticityOfObject 2 #$Elasticity) (#$argIsa #$elasticityOfObject 1 #$SolidTangibleThing) (#$argIsa #$elasticityOfObject 1 #$SolidTangibleThing) (#$argIsa #$elasticityOfObject 1 #$SolidTangibleThing) (#$arity #$elasticityOfObject 2) (#$comment #$elasticityOfObject "This predicate relates a solid thing to its degree of elasticity (that is, to its capacity to readily return to its original shape after being deformed, but not broken). (#$elasticityOfObject OBJ DEGREE) means that the #$SolidTangibleThing OBJ has DEGREE as its degree of elasticity (where DEGREE is an instance of #$Elasticity). Note that the higher the degree of elasticity, the more quickly and completely the object returns to its previous shape.") (#$functionalInArgs #$elasticityOfObject 2) (#$functionalInArgs #$elasticityOfObject 2) (#$isa #$elasticityOfObject #$IntervalBasedQuantitySlot) (#$isa #$elasticityOfObject #$TangibleObjectPredicate) (#$transitiveViaArg #$elasticityOfObject #$genlAttributes 2) (#$genls #$Elation #$Happiness) (#$isa #$Elation #$AtemporalNecessarilyEssentialCollectionType) (#$isa #$Elation #$FeelingType) (#$comment #$ElectricalCharge "A specialization of #$PhysicalQuantity. Each instance of #$ElectricalCharge is an amount of net electrical charge (positive or negative) possessed by a particular instance of #$PartiallyTangible. Instances of #$ElectricalCharge may be either a fixed interval, such as the charge on one electron, or a range, such as a usable charge on a flashlight battery; see #$ScalarInterval. Also see #$UnitOfCharge for the units used by Cyc to measure electrical charges.") (#$genls #$ElectricalCharge #$PhysicalQuantity) (#$isa #$ElectricalCharge #$AtemporalNecessarilyEssentialCollectionType) (#$isa #$ElectricalCharge #$FundamentalNumericScalarIntervalType) (#$comment #$ElectricalComponent "A specialization of both #$ElectricalDevice and #$PhysicalPartOfObject. Each instance of #$ElectricalComponent is an #$ElectricalDevice which is normally considered to be a part of some larger, more clearly distinguished #$PhysicalDevice (for example, clearly distinguished in the sense that it is sold or moved as a unit). Each instance of #$ElectricalComponent must be connected with other parts in order to perform its #$primaryFunction.") (#$disjointWith #$ElectricalComponent #$RoofOfAConstruction) (#$disjointWith #$ElectricalComponent #$Weapon) (#$genls #$ElectricalComponent #$ElectricalDevice) (#$genls #$ElectricalComponent #$Individual) (#$isa #$ElectricalComponent #$ExistingObjectType) (#$isa #$ElectricalComponent #$ProductType) (#$comment #$ElectricalConductor "An instance of #$ExistingStuffType, and a specialization of #$ConductingMedium. Each instance of #$ElectricalConductor is a partially tangible thing that can conduct electricity. Instances include power cords, electrical plugs, and pieces of metal.") (#$genls #$ElectricalConductor #$ConductingMedium) (#$genls #$ElectricalConductor #$Individual) (#$isa #$ElectricalConductor #$ExistingStuffType) (#$comment #$ElectricalCurrentLevel "A specialization of #$Rate. Each instance of #$ElectricalCurrentLevel is a rate of electrical flow, given in terms of the amount of charge (see the collection #$ElectricalCharge) per unit time. The standard unit of measure (see the collection #$UnitOfMeasure) for #$ElectricalCurrentLevel is the ampere (see the constant #$Ampere).") (#$disjointWith #$ElectricalCurrentLevel #$AngularAccelerationRate) (#$genls #$ElectricalCurrentLevel #$Rate) (#$isa #$ElectricalCurrentLevel #$AtemporalNecessarilyEssentialCollectionType) (#$isa #$ElectricalCurrentLevel #$FirstOrderCollection) (#$isa #$ElectricalCurrentLevel #$TotallyOrderedCollection) (#$comment #$ElectricalDevice "A specialization of #$PoweredDevice. Each instance of #$ElectricalDevice is a device that requires an input of electrical current (as its #$energySource) in order to perform its intended function(s). Instances of #$ElectricalDevice include both complex devices (for example, instances of the collections #$StereoSystem or #$Computer) and simpler ones (for example, instances of the collection #$ElectricalComponent).") (#$disjointWith #$ElectricalDevice #$Bicycle) (#$disjointWith #$ElectricalDevice #$Rowboat) (#$disjointWith #$ElectricalDevice #$Wagon) (#$genls #$ElectricalDevice #$Individual) (#$genls #$ElectricalDevice #$PoweredDevice) (#$isa #$ElectricalDevice #$ExistingObjectType) (#$isa #$ElectricalDevice #$ProductType) (#$comment #$ElectricalEvent "The class of electrical events.") (#$genls #$ElectricalEvent #$Individual) (#$genls #$ElectricalEvent #$PhysicalEvent) (#$isa #$ElectricalEvent #$DefaultDisjointScriptType) (#$isa #$ElectricalEvent #$TemporalObjectType) (#$siblingDisjointExceptions #$ElectricalEvent #$ImmediateWeatherProcess) (#$siblingDisjointExceptions #$ElectricalEvent #$SeparatingAMixture) (#$siblingDisjointExceptions #$ElectricalEvent #$Separation-Complete) (#$siblingDisjointExceptions #$ElectricalEvent #$WeatherEvent) (#$comment #$ElectricalResistance "A specialization of #$PhysicalQuantity. Each instance of #$ElectricalResistance is a measure of the resistance to electrical flow through an object. Instances of #$ElectricalResistance include #$InsulatorResistance, #$ConductorResistance, #$SemiconductorResistance, and #$SuperconductorResistance.") (#$disjointWith #$ElectricalResistance #$Mass) (#$genls #$ElectricalResistance #$PhysicalQuantity) (#$isa #$ElectricalResistance #$AtemporalNecessarilyEssentialCollectionType) (#$isa #$ElectricalResistance #$DerivedNumericScalarIntervalType) (#$comment #$ElectricalSystemsVocabularyMt "The #$VocabularyMicrotheory for #$ElectricalSystemsMt.") (#$genlMt #$ElectricalSystemsVocabularyMt #$ArtifactGVocabularyMt) (#$genlMt #$ElectricalSystemsVocabularyMt #$BaseKB) (#$isa #$ElectricalSystemsVocabularyMt #$VocabularyMicrotheory) (#$comment #$ElectromagneticRadiation "A specialization of #$WavePropagation (q.v.). Each instance of #$ElectromagneticRadiation is an event that arises from the interaction of an electrical field and a magnetic field. Specializations of #$ElectromagneticRadiation include #$VisibleLight, #$RadioWaves, and #$XRays.") (#$genls #$ElectromagneticRadiation #$Individual) (#$genls #$ElectromagneticRadiation #$WavePropagation) (#$isa #$ElectromagneticRadiation #$DefaultDisjointScriptType) (#$isa #$ElectromagneticRadiation #$TemporalStuffType) (#$isa #$ElectromagneticRadiation #$WavePropagationType) (#$comment #$ElectroMagneticRadiationSensor "A subcollection of #$Sensor, namely those sensors that detect #$ElectromagneticRadiation.") (#$genls #$ElectroMagneticRadiationSensor #$Individual) (#$genls #$ElectroMagneticRadiationSensor #$Sensor) (#$isa #$ElectroMagneticRadiationSensor #$ExistingObjectType) (#$comment #$ElectromagneticRadiationType "A collection of collections. Each instance of #$ElectromagneticRadiationType is a specialization of #$ElectromagneticRadiation. Notable instances of #$ElectromagneticRadiationType include the collections #$RadioWave, #$XRay, #$GammaRay, and #$UltravioletLight.") (#$disjointWith #$ElectromagneticRadiationType #$SoundWavePropagationType) (#$genls #$ElectromagneticRadiationType #$TemporalStuffType) (#$genls #$ElectromagneticRadiationType #$WavePropagationType) (#$isa #$ElectromagneticRadiationType #$CollectionType) (#$isa #$ElectromagneticRadiationType #$CollectionType) (#$isa #$ElectromagneticRadiationType #$SecondOrderCollection) (#$isa #$ElectromagneticRadiationType #$SiblingDisjointCollectionType) (#$typeGenls #$ElectromagneticRadiationType #$ElectromagneticRadiation) (#$comment #$Electron "A specialization of #$Lepton. Each instance of #$Electron is a subatomic particle with an #$ElectricalCharge of -1. Each instance of #$Atom consists of a nucleus (see #$AtomicNucleus) surrounded by a cloud of negatively charged electrons.") (#$genls #$Electron #$Individual) (#$genls #$Electron #$SubAtomicParticle) (#$genls #$Electron (#$CollectionUnionFn (#$TheSet #$Electron #$ChemicalObject))) (#$genls #$Electron (#$CollectionUnionFn (#$TheSet #$Electron #$ChemicalObject))) (#$isa #$Electron #$ExistingObjectType) (#$comment #$ElectronicDevice "#$ElectronicDevice is a specialization of #$ElectricalDevice. Each instance of #$ElectronicDevice is a device that uses electronic circuitry; more specifically, a device in which electricity passes through a vacuum or semiconductor. Notable specializations of #$ElectronicDevice include #$Telephone, #$VideoCamera, and #$Computer.") (#$disjointWith #$ElectronicDevice #$MusclePoweredDevice) (#$disjointWith #$ElectronicDevice #$PlumbingFixture) (#$disjointWith #$ElectronicDevice #$RoadVehicle-InternalCombustionEngine) (#$genls #$ElectronicDevice #$DurableGood) (#$genls #$ElectronicDevice #$ElectricalDevice) (#$genls #$ElectronicDevice #$HumanScaleObject) (#$genls #$ElectronicDevice #$Individual) (#$isa #$ElectronicDevice #$ExistingObjectType) (#$isa #$ElectronicDevice #$ProductType) (#$arg1Format #$elementOf #$SetTheFormat) (#$arg1Isa #$elementOf #$Thing) (#$arg2Format #$elementOf #$SetTheFormat) (#$arg2Isa #$elementOf #$SetOrCollection) (#$argFormat #$elementOf 1 #$SetTheFormat) (#$argFormat #$elementOf 2 #$SetTheFormat) (#$argIsa #$elementOf 2 #$SetOrCollection) (#$argIsa #$elementOf 2 #$SetOrCollection) (#$argIsa #$elementOf 1 #$Thing) (#$argIsa #$elementOf 1 #$Thing) (#$arity #$elementOf 2) (#$comment #$elementOf "(#$elementOf THING SETORCOL) means that THING is an element of the mathematical set or collection SETORCOL. #$elementOf is a more general relation than #$isa, since #$isa is used exclusively to talk about membership in instances of #$Collection. #$elementOf, unlike #$isa, can also be used to talk about membership in arbitrarily-defined mathematical sets (instances of #$Set-Mathematical), such as those denoted by #$TheSet expressions.") (#$isa #$elementOf #$BinaryPredicate) (#$isa #$elementOf #$CoreConstant) (#$isa #$elementOf #$TaxonomicSlotForAnyThing) (#$comment #$ElementStuff "An instance of #$TangibleStuffCompositionType and a specialization of #$InanimateThing. Each instance of #$ElementStuff is a piece of tangible stuff, composed of a quantity of atoms, all of which are of the same chemical element. That is, every atom in a given piece of #$ElementStuff has the same number of protons in its atomic nucleus. For example, all pieces of carbon (i.e. all instances of #$Carbon) are instances of #$ElementStuff. On the other hand, instances of #$Water, because they are all constituted of both #$Hydrogen and #$Oxygen atoms, do not belong to the collection #$ElementStuff.") (#$disjointWith #$ElementStuff #$PureSubstance) (#$genls #$ElementStuff #$InanimateThing) (#$genls #$ElementStuff #$Individual) (#$isa #$ElementStuff #$TangibleStuffCompositionType) (#$partitionedInto #$ElementStuff #$ElementStuffTypeByNumberOfProtons) (#$comment #$ElementStuffType "A collection of collections and a specialization of #$TangibleStuffCompositionType. Each instance of #$ElementStuffType is a specialization of #$ElementStuff.") (#$genls #$ElementStuffType #$TangibleStuffCompositionType) (#$isa #$ElementStuffType #$CollectionType) (#$isa #$ElementStuffType #$CollectionType) (#$isa #$ElementStuffType #$SecondOrderCollection) (#$typeGenls #$ElementStuffType #$ElementStuff) (#$comment #$ElementStuffTypeByNumberOfProtons "A collection of collections and a specialization of #$ElementStuffType. Each instance of #$ElementStuffTypeByNumberOfProtons is a specialization of #$ElementStuff which is defined _only_ by the atomic composition of its instances -- neither the isotopic composition or physical state of the substances, nor any other additional feature, determines membership in an instance of #$ElementStuffTypeByNumberOfProtons. All that matters is that the instances of that collection are entirely composed of atoms having a particular number of protons in each atomic nucleus. Thus, the collection #$Carbon is an instance of #$ElementStuffTypeByNumberOfProtons, but neither the collection #$Diamond nor the collection #$Graphite is (even though they are subcollections of #$Carbon), because their members have additional qualifications.") (#$genls #$ElementStuffTypeByNumberOfProtons #$ChemicalSubstanceType) (#$genls #$ElementStuffTypeByNumberOfProtons #$ElementStuffType) (#$isa #$ElementStuffTypeByNumberOfProtons #$AtemporalNecessarilyEssentialCollectionType) (#$isa #$ElementStuffTypeByNumberOfProtons #$CollectionType) (#$isa #$ElementStuffTypeByNumberOfProtons #$CollectionType) (#$isa #$ElementStuffTypeByNumberOfProtons #$CollectionType) (#$isa #$ElementStuffTypeByNumberOfProtons #$DisjointCollectionType) (#$isa #$ElementStuffTypeByNumberOfProtons #$SecondOrderCollection) (#$keStrongSuggestionPreds #$ElementStuffTypeByNumberOfProtons #$atomicNumber) (#$typeGenls #$ElementStuffTypeByNumberOfProtons #$ElementStuff) (#$typeGenls #$ElementStuffTypeByNumberOfProtons #$ElementStuff) (#$comment #$ELExpression "A specialization of #$CycLExpression. The collection of all syntactically well-formed expressions in the EL (i.e. \"epistemological level\") sub-language of CycL. Any component expression of an EL expression must itself be an EL expression. An EL expression can appear in (or be) a sentence asserted to or queried of the Knowledge Base; but unless it is also an instance of #$HLExpression (q.v.), it cannot appear in (or as) an assertion actually stored in the system in data structures accessible by the inference engine.") (#$genls #$ELExpression #$CycLExpression) (#$genls #$ELExpression #$Thing) (#$isa #$ELExpression #$AtemporalNecessarilyEssentialCollectionType) (#$isa #$ELExpression #$Collection) (#$isa #$ELExpression #$CoreImplementationConstant) (#$isa #$ELExpression #$CycLExpressionType) (#$quotedCollection #$ELExpression) (#$comment #$ELExpression-Askable "The subcollection of syntactically well-formed #$ELExpressions which obey arity constraints, but but do not necessarily obey other semantic constraints (e.g. argument type constraints). The name 'Askable' derives from #$ELSentence-Askable, but instances of #$ELExpression-Askable are not necessarily askable as a query (after being converted to HL form by the #$CycCanonicalizer) unless they are also instances of #$ELSentence-Askable. See #$CycLExpression-Askable for more details.") (#$genls #$ELExpression-Askable #$CycLExpression-Askable) (#$genls #$ELExpression-Askable #$ELExpression) (#$genls #$ELExpression-Askable #$ELExpression) (#$genls #$ELExpression-Askable #$Thing) (#$isa #$ELExpression-Askable #$AtemporalNecessarilyEssentialCollectionType) (#$isa #$ELExpression-Askable #$Collection) (#$isa #$ELExpression-Askable #$CoreImplementationConstant) (#$isa #$ELExpression-Askable #$CycLExpressionType) (#$quotedCollection #$ELExpression-Askable) (#$comment #$ELExpression-Assertible "An instance of #$CycLExpressionType. The collection of all compound expressions in the EL (i.e. \"epistemological level\") sub-language of CycL that either could themselves be asserted (after being converted to HL form by the #$CycCanonicalizer) to the Cyc Knowledge Base (see #$ELSentence-Assertible) or could appear as non-atomic terms (again, after being converted to HL form by the #$CycCanonicalizer) within sentences that could be so asserted (see #$ELNonAtomicTerm-Assertible). More precisely, each instance of #$ELExpression-Assertible is a compound EL expression which is syntactically well-formed and semantically well-formed with respect to both arity and argument-type constraints (see #$arity and #$ArgTypePredicate). Note that being \"assertible\" in the present sense does not require an expression's actually being asserted in (or being a component of something asserted in) the KB.") (#$genls #$ELExpression-Assertible #$CycLExpression-Assertible) (#$genls #$ELExpression-Assertible #$ELExpression) (#$genls #$ELExpression-Assertible #$ELExpression-Askable) (#$genls #$ELExpression-Assertible #$ELExpression-Askable) (#$genls #$ELExpression-Assertible #$Thing) (#$isa #$ELExpression-Assertible #$AtemporalNecessarilyEssentialCollectionType) (#$isa #$ELExpression-Assertible #$Collection) (#$isa #$ELExpression-Assertible #$CoreImplementationConstant) (#$isa #$ELExpression-Assertible #$CycLExpressionType) (#$quotedCollection #$ELExpression-Assertible) (#$comment #$ELFormula "The collection of expressions in the EL language which involve the application of a relation to some arguments.") (#$disjointWith #$ELFormula #$HLReifiedFormula) (#$genls #$ELFormula #$CycLFormula) (#$genls #$ELFormula #$ELExpression) (#$genls #$ELFormula #$ELExpression) (#$genls #$ELFormula #$Thing) (#$isa #$ELFormula #$AtemporalNecessarilyEssentialCollectionType) (#$isa #$ELFormula #$Collection) (#$isa #$ELFormula #$CoreImplementationConstant) (#$isa #$ELFormula #$CycLExpressionType) (#$quotedCollection #$ELFormula) (#$arg1Format #$elInverse #$SingleEntry) (#$arg1Isa #$elInverse #$BinaryPredicate) (#$arg2Format #$elInverse #$SingleEntry) (#$arg2Isa #$elInverse #$BinaryPredicate) (#$arg2Isa #$elInverse #$ELRelation) (#$argFormat #$elInverse 1 #$SingleEntry) (#$argFormat #$elInverse 2 #$SingleEntry) (#$argIsa #$elInverse 1 #$BinaryPredicate) (#$argIsa #$elInverse 1 #$BinaryPredicate) (#$argIsa #$elInverse 2 #$BinaryPredicate) (#$argIsa #$elInverse 2 #$BinaryPredicate) (#$argIsa #$elInverse 2 #$ELRelation) (#$argIsa #$elInverse 2 #$ELRelation) (#$arity #$elInverse 2) (#$comment #$elInverse "arg1 is a binary predicate, otherwise unrestricted; arg2 is also a binary predicate such that (a) it can be thought of as the inverse of arg1, and (b) arg2 is an #$ELRelation; e.g., (#$elInverse #$genls #$specs).") (#$isa #$elInverse #$AntiTransitiveBinaryPredicate) (#$isa #$elInverse #$AntiTransitiveBinaryPredicate) (#$isa #$elInverse #$AsymmetricBinaryPredicate) (#$isa #$elInverse #$CoreConstant) (#$isa #$elInverse #$DefaultMonotonicPredicate) (#$isa #$elInverse #$DefinitionalPredicate) (#$isa #$elInverse #$IntangibleObjectRelatingPredicate) (#$isa #$elInverse #$MetaPredicate) (#$isa #$elInverse #$MetaPredicate) (#$isa #$elInverse #$MetaPredicate) (#$isa #$elInverse #$RuleMacroPredicate) (#$isa #$elInverse #$StrictlyFunctionalSlot) (#$negationInverse #$elInverse #$elInverse) (#$strictlyFunctionalInArgs #$elInverse 1) (#$strictlyFunctionalInArgs #$elInverse 2) (#$comment #$Ellipse "The collection of all elliptical objects. Note that #$Circle is a specialization of #$Ellipse, i.e. circular things are elliptical insofar as they are ellipses with eccentricity zero.") (#$genls #$Ellipse #$Individual) (#$genls #$Ellipse #$RoundThing) (#$genls #$Ellipse #$TwoDimensionalGeometricThing) (#$isa #$Ellipse #$ShapeType) (#$isa #$Ellipse #$TwoDimensionalShapeType) (#$comment #$Ellipsoid "A specialization of both #$RoundThing and #$ThreeDimensionalGeometricThing (qq.v.). Each instance of #$Ellipsoid is a three-dimensional object such that the planar sections along its respective internal axes are #$Ellipses. In other words, the shape of such objects should be roughly describable by taking some two dimensional ellipse and rotating it around its major axis in three-space. Note that #$Sphere and its generalization #$Spheroid are specializations of #$Ellipsoid.") (#$genls #$Ellipsoid #$Individual) (#$genls #$Ellipsoid #$RoundThing) (#$genls #$Ellipsoid #$ThreeDimensionalGeometricThing) (#$isa #$Ellipsoid #$ShapeType) (#$isa #$Ellipsoid #$ThreeDimensionalShapeType) (#$comment #$ELNonAtomicTerm "A specialization of #$CycLNonAtomicTerm; the collection of non-atomic denotational terms in the EL (i.e. \"epistemological level\") language. Each instance of #$ELNonAtomicTerm consists of an EL expression denoting a #$Function-Denotational followed by one or more EL terms, with the entire sequence enclosed in parentheses. An instance of #$ELNonAtomicTerm denotes the value (if any) of its function for the denotations of the other terms taken as arguments (if there is no such value, then the instance in question has no denotatum; see #$undefined.) Note that #$ELNonAtomicTerms, unlike #$HLNonAtomicReifiedTerms, are not implemented with data structures that have indexing that enables all uses of them to be retrieved; rather, they remain in the form of EL expressions in the assertions in which they occur.") (#$disjointWith #$ELNonAtomicTerm #$HLNonAtomicReifiedTerm) (#$genls #$ELNonAtomicTerm #$CycLNonAtomicTerm) (#$genls #$ELNonAtomicTerm #$ELFormula) (#$genls #$ELNonAtomicTerm #$ELFormula) (#$genls #$ELNonAtomicTerm #$Thing) (#$isa #$ELNonAtomicTerm #$AtemporalNecessarilyEssentialCollectionType) (#$isa #$ELNonAtomicTerm #$Collection) (#$isa #$ELNonAtomicTerm #$CoreImplementationConstant) (#$isa #$ELNonAtomicTerm #$CycLExpressionType) (#$quotedCollection #$ELNonAtomicTerm) (#$comment #$ELNonAtomicTerm-Askable "A specialization of both #$ELNonAtomicTerm and #$CycLNonAtomicTerm-Askable. The collection of all non-atomic terms in the EL (i.e. \"epistemological level\") sub-language of CycL that can appear (after being converted into an expression in the HL -- \"heuristic level\" -- sub-language of CycL by the #$CycCanonicalizer) within sentences that are askable as queries to the Cyc system (see #$CycLSentence-Askable). More precisely, each instance of #$ELNonAtomicTerm-Askable is a syntactically well-formed EL non-atomic term that does not violate any applicable arity constraints (see #$arity). Note that askable EL non-atomic terms do not necesarily obey other semantic constraints beyond arity, such as argument-type constraints (see #$ArgTypePredicate); thus they are not always semantically well-formed in the fullest sense (cf. #$ELNonAtomicTerm-Assertible).") (#$genls #$ELNonAtomicTerm-Askable #$CycLNonAtomicTerm-Askable) (#$genls #$ELNonAtomicTerm-Askable #$ELExpression-Askable) (#$genls #$ELNonAtomicTerm-Askable #$ELExpression-Askable) (#$genls #$ELNonAtomicTerm-Askable #$ELNonAtomicTerm) (#$genls #$ELNonAtomicTerm-Askable #$Thing) (#$isa #$ELNonAtomicTerm-Askable #$AtemporalNecessarilyEssentialCollectionType) (#$isa #$ELNonAtomicTerm-Askable #$Collection) (#$isa #$ELNonAtomicTerm-Askable #$CoreImplementationConstant) (#$isa #$ELNonAtomicTerm-Askable #$CycLExpressionType) (#$quotedCollection #$ELNonAtomicTerm-Askable) (#$comment #$ELNonAtomicTerm-Assertible "A specialization of both #$ELExpression-Assertible and #$ELNonAtomicTerm-Askable. The collection of all non-atomic terms in the EL (i.e. \"epistemological level\") sub-language of CycL that could appear (after being converted to HL form by the #$CycCanonicalizer) within a sentence that could be asserted to the Cyc Knowledge Base. More precisely, each instance of #$ELNonAtomicTerm-Assertible is an EL non-atomic term that is syntactically well-formed, and semantically well-formed with respect to both arity and argument-type constraints (see #$arity and #$ArgTypePredicate). Note that being \"assertible\" in the present sense does not require the expression to be a component of something actually asserted in the KB.") (#$genls #$ELNonAtomicTerm-Assertible #$CycLNonAtomicTerm-Assertible) (#$genls #$ELNonAtomicTerm-Assertible #$ELExpression-Assertible) (#$genls #$ELNonAtomicTerm-Assertible #$ELExpression-Assertible) (#$genls #$ELNonAtomicTerm-Assertible #$ELNonAtomicTerm) (#$genls #$ELNonAtomicTerm-Assertible #$ELNonAtomicTerm-Askable) (#$genls #$ELNonAtomicTerm-Assertible #$ELNonAtomicTerm-Askable) (#$genls #$ELNonAtomicTerm-Assertible #$Thing) (#$isa #$ELNonAtomicTerm-Assertible #$AtemporalNecessarilyEssentialCollectionType) (#$isa #$ELNonAtomicTerm-Assertible #$Collection) (#$isa #$ELNonAtomicTerm-Assertible #$CoreImplementationConstant) (#$isa #$ELNonAtomicTerm-Assertible #$CycLExpressionType) (#$quotedCollection #$ELNonAtomicTerm-Assertible) (#$comment #$ELReifiableDenotationalTerm "A subcollection of both #$CycLReifiableDenotationalTerm and #$ELExpression (qq.v.). #$ELReifiableDenotationalTerm is the collection of all EL terms that both may be reified and may denote something in the universe of discourse.") (#$genls #$ELReifiableDenotationalTerm #$CycLReifiableDenotationalTerm) (#$genls #$ELReifiableDenotationalTerm #$ELExpression) (#$genls #$ELReifiableDenotationalTerm #$ELExpression) (#$genls #$ELReifiableDenotationalTerm #$Thing) (#$isa #$ELReifiableDenotationalTerm #$Collection) (#$isa #$ELReifiableDenotationalTerm #$CoreImplementationConstant) (#$isa #$ELReifiableDenotationalTerm #$CycLExpressionType) (#$sharedNotes #$ELReifiableDenotationalTerm #$NoteAboutArgIsaCycLIndexedTerm) (#$quotedCollection #$ELReifiableDenotationalTerm) (#$comment #$ELRelation "A specialization of #$MacroRelation (q.v.) instances of which appear only at the \"epistemological level\" (or EL) of the Cyc system. Each instance of #$ELRelation is associated, via the #$expansion (q.v.) relation, to another (non-EL-only) relation to which the former is essentially equivalent and for which the former serves as a convenient alternative. More precisely: A GAF (see #$CycLClosedAtomicSentence) whose main functor (or \"0th argument\") is a term that denotes an EL relation can occur only at the EL, and not at the underlying HL (\"heuristic level\") of the system. Thus, although one can use an EL-relation-based GAF to make an assertion to the system, the GAF that actually gets stored as an assertion in the Cyc Knowledge Base is a different (though logically equivalent) one that is related to the first via the #$expansion assertion on the EL relation. Upon assertion, the first GAF is \"transformed into\" the second GAF by the #$CycCanonicalizer. For example, #$lessThan is an EL relation whose #$expansion correlate is the template (#$greaterThan :ARG2 :ARG1). So if one makes an assertion using the sentence `(#$lessThan 1 2)', the assertion that actually shows up in the KB is `(#$greaterThan 2 1)'. Note that terms for EL relations _do_ appear in stored assertions in which they occur in argument places other than the 0th; e.g. the sentence `(#$isa #$lessThan #$OrderingPredicate)' is in the KB. EL relations afford cyclists the convenience of having alternative forms of expression, while their expansions serve to minimize redundancy in the types of GAFs that the system has to store.") (#$genls #$ELRelation #$MacroRelation) (#$genls #$ELRelation #$Relation) (#$isa #$ELRelation #$AtemporalNecessarilyEssentialCollectionType) (#$isa #$ELRelation #$Collection) (#$isa #$ELRelation #$CoreImplementationConstant) (#$isa #$ELRelation #$RelationshipType) (#$requiredArg1Pred #$ELRelation #$expansion) (#$comment #$ELSentence "The collection of all syntactically well-formed sentences (also called \"logical formulas\") of the EL (\"epistemological level\") subset of #$CycL. Each instance of #$ELSentence consists of an EL expression denoting a logical relation (i.e. a #$Predicate or #$TruthFunction) followed by one or more EL terms (cf. #$CycLTerm), with the entire sequence enclosed in parentheses. An EL sentence need not obey #$arity constraints or other semantic constraints (such as argument-type constraints) -- for those that do, see the more specialized collection #$ELSentence-Assertible.") (#$disjointWith #$ELSentence #$HLAssertion) (#$genls #$ELSentence #$CycLSentence) (#$genls #$ELSentence #$ELFormula) (#$genls #$ELSentence #$ELFormula) (#$genls #$ELSentence #$Individual) (#$isa #$ELSentence #$AtemporalNecessarilyEssentialCollectionType) (#$isa #$ELSentence #$Collection) (#$isa #$ELSentence #$CoreImplementationConstant) (#$isa #$ELSentence #$CycLExpressionType) (#$quotedCollection #$ELSentence) (#$comment #$ELSentence-Askable "The subcollection of syntactically well-formed sentences in the EL language which obey arity constraints, but but do not necessarily obey other semantic constraints (e.g. argument type constraints). These sentences 'make enough sense' to be asked as a query, after being converted into HL form by the #$CycCanonicalizer. Of course, just because a sentence is askable does not require it to be used in a query. Each instance of this collection involves a logical relation (a #$Predicate or #$TruthFunction) applied to some number of arguments, as permitted by the arity of the relation. Note that an instance of #$ELSentence-Askable does not mean that the sentence must be used in a query; only that it can be used in a query.") (#$genls #$ELSentence-Askable #$CycLSentence) (#$genls #$ELSentence-Askable #$CycLSentence-Askable) (#$genls #$ELSentence-Askable #$ELExpression-Askable) (#$genls #$ELSentence-Askable #$ELExpression-Askable) (#$genls #$ELSentence-Askable #$ELSentence) (#$genls #$ELSentence-Askable #$Individual) (#$isa #$ELSentence-Askable #$AtemporalNecessarilyEssentialCollectionType) (#$isa #$ELSentence-Askable #$Collection) (#$isa #$ELSentence-Askable #$CoreImplementationConstant) (#$isa #$ELSentence-Askable #$CycLExpressionType) (#$isa #$ELSentence-Askable #$LinguisticObjectType) (#$quotedCollection #$ELSentence-Askable) (#$comment #$ELSentence-Assertible "A specialization of #$ELSentence. Each instance of this collection is an #$ELSentence which is not only syntactically but also semantically well-formed -- which includes such matters as the (in-context) satisfaction of #$arity and argument-type constraints on predicates and relations. Each instance of #$ELSentence-Assertible meets the necessary criteria for being asserted into the Cyc Knowledge Base (at which time it becomes an #$ELAssertion, which is subsequently \"transformed\" into one or more #$HLAssertions by the #$CycCanonicalizer). Of course, a sentence's being assertible does not entail that it is actually asserted, but only that it could be asserted. An assertible EL sentence consists of an EL expression denoting a logical relation (i.e. a #$Predicate or #$TruthFunction) followed by an appropriate (in accordance with the #$arity of the logical relation) number of EL terms (cf. #$CycLTerm) of the appropriate types, with the entire sequence enclosed in parentheses. Here is an example of an #$ELSentence-Assertible : (#$and (#$isa #$Muffet #$Dog) (#$residesInRegion #$Muffet #$CityOfAustinTX)). For a thorough discussion of what constitutes a well-formed CycL formula, see the Cyc documentation.") (#$genls #$ELSentence-Assertible #$CycLExpression) (#$genls #$ELSentence-Assertible #$CycLSentence-Assertible) (#$genls #$ELSentence-Assertible #$CycLSentence-Assertible) (#$genls #$ELSentence-Assertible #$ELExpression-Assertible) (#$genls #$ELSentence-Assertible #$ELSentence-Askable) (#$genls #$ELSentence-Assertible #$Individual) (#$genls #$ELSentence-Assertible #$LinguisticObject) (#$isa #$ELSentence-Assertible #$AtemporalNecessarilyEssentialCollectionType) (#$isa #$ELSentence-Assertible #$Collection) (#$isa #$ELSentence-Assertible #$CycLExpressionType) (#$isa #$ELSentence-Assertible #$LinguisticObjectType) (#$isa #$ELSentence-Assertible #$LogicalTruthConstant) (#$quotedCollection #$ELSentence-Assertible) (#$comment #$ELSentenceTemplate "The collection of expressions which are valid CycL formulas except that their EL variables are not canonicalized into HL variables.") (#$genls #$ELSentenceTemplate #$AbstractInformationalThing) (#$genls #$ELSentenceTemplate #$ComputationalObject) (#$genls #$ELSentenceTemplate #$ELTemplate) (#$genls #$ELSentenceTemplate #$ELTemplate) (#$genls #$ELSentenceTemplate #$Individual) (#$isa #$ELSentenceTemplate #$AtemporalNecessarilyEssentialCollectionType) (#$isa #$ELSentenceTemplate #$Collection) (#$isa #$ELSentenceTemplate #$CoreImplementationConstant) (#$isa #$ELSentenceTemplate #$LinguisticObjectType) (#$comment #$ELTemplate "The collection of expressions for which EL variables are not canonicalized into HL variables, #$ELRelations are not expanded, and functions are not reified.") (#$genls #$ELTemplate #$Thing) (#$isa #$ELTemplate #$Collection) (#$isa #$ELTemplate #$Collection) (#$isa #$ELTemplate #$CoreImplementationConstant) (#$isa #$ELTemplate #$LinguisticObjectType) (#$comment #$ELVariable "The collection of all #$CycLVariables that are also #$ELExpressions (q.v.). An #$ELVariable is a character string consisting of a question mark `?' (as its initial character) followed by one or more characters, where each of these latter characters is either an (upper- or lower-case) Roman letter, an Arabic numeral (i.e. `0' through `9'), a hyphen (`-'), an underscore (`_'), or another question mark. (The letters occurring in an EL variable used in an actual assertion will typically be all uppercase; but this convention is not enforced in any formal way.) Examples: `?WHAT', `?OBJ-TYPE', and `?var0'. Note that this collection, like most instances of #$CycLExpressionType, is \"quoted\" (see #$quotedCollection).") (#$genls #$ELVariable #$CycLExpression) (#$genls #$ELVariable #$CycLVariable) (#$genls #$ELVariable #$CycLVariable) (#$genls #$ELVariable #$ELExpression) (#$genls #$ELVariable #$SubLSymbol) (#$genls #$ELVariable #$SubLVariable) (#$genls #$ELVariable #$Thing) (#$isa #$ELVariable #$AtemporalNecessarilyEssentialCollectionType) (#$isa #$ELVariable #$Collection) (#$isa #$ELVariable #$CycLExpressionType) (#$isa #$ELVariable #$LogicalTruthConstant) (#$quotedCollection #$ELVariable) (#$quotedCollection #$ELVariable) (#$comment #$EMailAddress "A specialization of #$ContactInfoString. Each instance of #$EMailAddress is a string that identifies an e-mail user's electronic mailbox.") (#$disjointWith #$EMailAddress #$PhoneNumber) (#$genls #$EMailAddress #$ContactInfoString) (#$genls #$EMailAddress #$List) (#$isa #$EMailAddress #$IDStringType) (#$isa #$EMailAddress #$ObjectType) (#$arg1Isa #$eMailAddressText #$PartiallyIntangible) (#$arg1Isa #$eMailAddressText #$PartiallyIntangible) (#$arg2Format #$eMailAddressText #$SetTheFormat) (#$arg2Isa #$eMailAddressText #$EMailAddress) (#$arg2Isa #$eMailAddressText #$EMailAddress) (#$argFormat #$eMailAddressText 2 #$SetTheFormat) (#$argIsa #$eMailAddressText 2 #$EMailAddress) (#$argIsa #$eMailAddressText 2 #$EMailAddress) (#$argIsa #$eMailAddressText 2 #$EMailAddress) (#$argIsa #$eMailAddressText 1 #$PartiallyIntangible) (#$argIsa #$eMailAddressText 1 #$PartiallyIntangible) (#$argIsa #$eMailAddressText 1 #$PartiallyIntangible) (#$arity #$eMailAddressText 2) (#$comment #$eMailAddressText "(#$eMailAddressText OBJ ADDR) means that an e-mail address of OBJ is ADDR. This predicate can be used to associate multiple e-mail addresses with one instance of #$PartiallyIntangible. See also the more specializaed predicate, #$preferredEMailAddressText, which associates a unique e-mail address with an instance of #$PartiallyIntangible.") (#$functionalInArgs #$eMailAddressText 2) (#$genlPreds #$eMailAddressText #$identificationStrings) (#$isa #$eMailAddressText #$FunctionalSlot) (#$comment #$EMailSending "A specialization of #$InformationTransferEvent-Electronic. Each instance of this collection is an #$Event in which somebody or something sends an #$EMailMessage to some #$EMailAddress. If successful, an instance of #$EMailSending ends when the email message reaches the intended recipient's #$MailServer-Network, at which point it is likely that an instance of #$EMailReceiving will ensue. See also #$EMailCommunication -- events in which an email message is successfully sent and received.") (#$genls #$EMailSending #$Communicating) (#$genls #$EMailSending #$Communicating) (#$genls #$EMailSending #$ComputerActivity) (#$genls #$EMailSending #$Individual) (#$genls #$EMailSending #$InformationTransferPhysicalEvent) (#$genls #$EMailSending #$LearnedActivity) (#$isa #$EMailSending #$DefaultDisjointScriptType) (#$isa #$EMailSending #$TemporalObjectType) (#$comment #$Embarrassment "Mental disturbance and confusion at self-exposure. #$Embarrassment is often an impediment to freedom of thought, speech, or action. This is a collection; for an explanation of a typical #$FeelingType, see #$Happiness. A more specialized #$FeelingType than #$Embarrassment is #$Shame.") (#$genls #$Embarrassment #$FeelingAttribute) (#$isa #$Embarrassment #$AtemporalNecessarilyEssentialCollectionType) (#$isa #$Embarrassment #$FeelingType) (#$comment #$Embassy-TheMission "#$Embassy-TheMission is a specialization of #$DiplomaticMission-ThePost. Each instance of #$Embassy-TheMission is an embassy, which is the official diplomatic representation of a country A in a foreign country B. Not to be confused with the buildings in which such offices are hosted. See #$Embassy-TheBuilding.") (#$genls #$Embassy-TheMission #$DiplomaticMission-ThePost) (#$genls #$Embassy-TheMission #$Individual) (#$isa #$Embassy-TheMission #$ExistingObjectType) (#$comment #$Embryo "The collection of not yet fully-formed organisms, including mammals before birth, birds before hatching, and plants before sprouting from their seeds. Note that the criteria of the collection #$Embryo do not correspond exactly with the meaning of the English word 'embryo', since #$Embryo includes zygotes, blastulas, the set of cells derived from the embryo after the fetus is formed (#$AmnioticSac + #$Fetus + #$Placenta-FetalPortion), etc.") (#$genls #$Embryo #$BiologicalLivingObject) (#$genls #$Embryo #$Individual) (#$isa #$Embryo #$LifeStageType) (#$arg1Genl #$EmbryoFn #$Animal) (#$arg1Genl #$EmbryoFn #$Animal) (#$arg1Isa #$EmbryoFn #$OrganismClassificationType) (#$arg1Isa #$EmbryoFn #$OrganismClassificationType) (#$argGenl #$EmbryoFn 1 #$Animal) (#$argGenl #$EmbryoFn 1 #$Animal) (#$argGenl #$EmbryoFn 1 #$Animal) (#$argIsa #$EmbryoFn 1 #$OrganismClassificationType) (#$argIsa #$EmbryoFn 1 #$OrganismClassificationType) (#$argIsa #$EmbryoFn 1 #$OrganismClassificationType) (#$arity #$EmbryoFn 1) (#$comment #$EmbryoFn "An instance of #$CollectionDenotingFunction. When applied to an instance LIFETYPE of #$OrganismClassificationType (q.v.), #$EmbryoFn returns the collection of organisms which are embryonic instances of LIFETYPE. For instance, (#$EmbryoFn #$Dog) is the collection of all embryonic instances of #$Dog.") (#$isa #$EmbryoFn #$CollectionDenotingFunction) (#$isa #$EmbryoFn #$CollectionDenotingFunction) (#$isa #$EmbryoFn #$ReifiableFunction) (#$isa #$EmbryoFn #$UnaryFunction) (#$resultGenl #$EmbryoFn #$Embryo) (#$resultGenl #$EmbryoFn #$Individual) (#$resultIsa #$EmbryoFn #$ExistingObjectType) (#$resultIsa #$EmbryoFn #$ExistingObjectType) (#$comment #$EmergencyVehicle "#$EmergencyVehicle is a specialization of #$TransportationDevice-Vehicle. Each instance of #$EmergencyVehicle is a vehicle, which is used for emergency and rescue situations. These include instances of FireTrucks, Ambulances, and, etc.") (#$genls #$EmergencyVehicle #$Individual) (#$genls #$EmergencyVehicle #$TransportationDevice-Vehicle) (#$isa #$EmergencyVehicle #$ExistingObjectType) (#$isa #$EmergencyVehicle #$ProductType) (#$comment #$Emirate-Geopolitical "#$Emirate-Geopolitical is a specialization of #$GeopoliticalEntity. Each instance of #$Emirate-Geopolitical is a geopolitical entity, or territories, each of which is ordinarily ruled by an #$Amir-HeadOfState or an Emir (Amir) who is not necessariy a #$HeadOfState of an #$IndependentCountry, but rules a subsidiary region. See especially the #$UnitedArabEmirates.") (#$comment #$Emirate-Geopolitical "A kind of #$SystemOfGovernment, and hence a specialization of #$AttributeValue. Characteristic of certain kinds of Arab states and domestic political arrangements.") (#$genls #$Emirate-Geopolitical #$GeopoliticalEntity) (#$genls #$Emirate-Geopolitical #$GeopoliticalEntity) (#$genls #$Emirate-Geopolitical #$Individual) (#$isa #$Emirate-Geopolitical #$SpatiallyDisjointRegionType) (#$comment #$Emission "A specialization of #$TransferOut. Each instance of #$Emission is an event in which something `comes out' of a source, where the source in question causally contributes to that thing's `coming out' (e.g., the source is a #$providerOfMotiveForce). The source of the emission is indicated with the predicate #$emitter. If the thing which `comes out' is an instance of #$PartiallyTangible, then the event belongs to a more specific collection, #$EmittingAnObject. If an emission is the first sub-event of an instance of #$WavePropagation, then the emission belongs to the more specialized collection, #$EmittingAWave.") (#$genls #$Emission #$Individual) (#$genls #$Emission #$TransferOut) (#$genls #$Emission #$Translocation) (#$isa #$Emission #$TemporalObjectType) (#$arg1Isa #$emitter #$Emission) (#$arg1Isa #$emitter #$Emission) (#$arg2Format #$emitter #$SetTheFormat) (#$arg2Isa #$emitter #$PartiallyTangible) (#$arg2Isa #$emitter #$PartiallyTangible) (#$argFormat #$emitter 2 #$SetTheFormat) (#$argIsa #$emitter 1 #$Emission) (#$argIsa #$emitter 1 #$Emission) (#$argIsa #$emitter 1 #$Emission) (#$argIsa #$emitter 2 #$PartiallyTangible) (#$argIsa #$emitter 2 #$PartiallyTangible) (#$argIsa #$emitter 2 #$PartiallyTangible) (#$arity #$emitter 2) (#$comment #$emitter "The Cyc predicate #$emitter is used to identify the source of an emission. (#$emitter EMIT OBJ) means that OBJ provides the force involved in making the #$objectEmitted move from OBJ to someplace outside of OBJ. See also #$providerOfMotiveForce, #$fromLocation.") (#$genlPreds #$emitter #$fromLocation) (#$genlPreds #$emitter #$providerOfMotiveForce) (#$genlPredsWRTTypes #$emitter #$doneBy #$Agent #$Action) (#$interArgIsa1-2 #$emitter #$PrecipitationProcess #$CloudInSky) (#$interArgIsa1-2 #$emitter #$PrecipitationProcess #$PrecipitationCloud) (#$isa #$emitter #$ActorSlot) (#$isa #$emitter #$BinaryPredicate) (#$relationAllExists #$emitter #$Emission #$PartiallyTangible) (#$relationAllExists #$emitter #$Emission #$TemporalThing) (#$typedGenlPreds #$emitter #$providerOfMotiveForce) (#$minimizeExtent #$emitter) (#$comment #$EmittingAnObject "A specialization of #$Emission. Each instance of #$EmittingAnObject is an emission event in which some partially tangible object (related to the emission event via #$objectEmitted) is emitted from something else (the emitter, related to the emission event via #$emitter). The emitted object goes from a place inside of the emitter to some place that is not within the emitter, and the emitter plays an active role in the emission. Notable specializations of #$EmittingAnObject include #$Bleeding, #$PrecipitationProcess, and #$SecretionEvent.") (#$genls #$EmittingAnObject #$Emission) (#$genls #$EmittingAnObject #$Individual) (#$genls #$EmittingAnObject #$Translation-LocationChange) (#$isa #$EmittingAnObject #$DefaultDisjointScriptType) (#$isa #$EmittingAnObject #$TemporalObjectType) (#$keWeakSuggestionPreds #$EmittingAnObject #$objectEmitted) (#$siblingDisjointExceptions #$EmittingAnObject #$BiologicalEvent) (#$siblingDisjointExceptions #$EmittingAnObject #$BodilyFunctionEvent) (#$siblingDisjointExceptions #$EmittingAnObject #$BodilyFunctionEvent-Involuntary) (#$siblingDisjointExceptions #$EmittingAnObject #$PhysicalCreationEvent) (#$siblingDisjointExceptions #$EmittingAnObject #$PhysiologicalProcess) (#$siblingDisjointExceptions #$EmittingAnObject #$Production-Generic) (#$siblingDisjointExceptions #$EmittingAnObject #$TranslationAlongInternalLivingStructure) (#$siblingDisjointExceptions #$EmittingAnObject #$VoluntaryBodyMovement) (#$comment #$EmittingAWave "A collection of events; a subcollection of #$Emission. Each instance is an event in which a wave is emitted at a #$fromLocation. For example, Themistocles ordering his fleet to withdraw; Miles Davis playing the trumpet; an emergency flare burning by the side of the road. See also #$WavePropagation.") (#$genls #$EmittingAWave #$Emission) (#$genls #$EmittingAWave #$GenerationOrConversionEvent) (#$genls #$EmittingAWave #$Individual) (#$isa #$EmittingAWave #$TemporalStuffType) (#$comment #$EmittingSound "A specialization of #$EmittingAWave. Each instance of #$EmittingSound is an event in which some instance of #$Sound is emitted from some wave source (see the predicate #$waveSource). Examples of #$EmittingSound include an explosion generating a sound wave, a plucked violin string resonating, a baby crying, and a person saying `Hello'.") (#$genls #$EmittingSound #$EmittingAWave) (#$genls #$EmittingSound #$Individual) (#$isa #$EmittingSound #$DefaultDisjointScriptType) (#$isa #$EmittingSound #$TemporalStuffType) (#$siblingDisjointExceptions #$EmittingSound #$AccessingAnIBT) (#$siblingDisjointExceptions #$EmittingSound #$BiologicalEvent) (#$siblingDisjointExceptions #$EmittingSound #$BodilyFunctionEvent) (#$siblingDisjointExceptions #$EmittingSound #$BodyMovementEvent) (#$siblingDisjointExceptions #$EmittingSound #$EmittingAnObject) (#$siblingDisjointExceptions #$EmittingSound #$MakingFacialExpression) (#$siblingDisjointExceptions #$EmittingSound #$PassingThroughPortal) (#$siblingDisjointExceptions #$EmittingSound #$PassingThroughPortal) (#$siblingDisjointExceptions #$EmittingSound #$Perceiving) (#$siblingDisjointExceptions #$EmittingSound #$PhysiologicalProcess) (#$siblingDisjointExceptions #$EmittingSound #$Reading) (#$siblingDisjointExceptions #$EmittingSound #$Talking) (#$comment #$EmotionalColdness "Absence of feeling; less than normal human sympathy, friendliness, sensitiveness or responsiveness") (#$genls #$EmotionalColdness #$FeelingAttribute) (#$isa #$EmotionalColdness #$AtemporalNecessarilyEssentialCollectionType) (#$isa #$EmotionalColdness #$FeelingType) (#$arg1Isa #$employedAgent #$WorkAgreement) (#$arg1Isa #$employedAgent #$WorkAgreement) (#$arg2Format #$employedAgent #$SetTheFormat) (#$arg2Isa #$employedAgent #$Employee) (#$arg2Isa #$employedAgent #$Employee) (#$argFormat #$employedAgent 2 #$SetTheFormat) (#$argIsa #$employedAgent 2 #$Employee) (#$argIsa #$employedAgent 2 #$Employee) (#$argIsa #$employedAgent 2 #$Employee) (#$argIsa #$employedAgent 1 #$WorkAgreement) (#$argIsa #$employedAgent 1 #$WorkAgreement) (#$argIsa #$employedAgent 1 #$WorkAgreement) (#$arity #$employedAgent 2) (#$comment #$employedAgent "A binary predicate which relates instances of #$WorkAgreement to instances of #$Employee, and identifies the particular employee who is covered by a particular work agreement. (#$employedAgent AGREE WORKER) means that AGREE covers the employee WORKER. See also #$jobAgreement, which relates instances of #$WorkAgreement to instances of #$HasPositionRelationship, #$employingAgent and #$employees (which relates employees to their employers).") (#$functionalInArgs #$employedAgent 1) (#$genlPreds #$employedAgent #$agreeingAgents) (#$isa #$employedAgent #$BinaryPredicate) (#$isa #$employedAgent #$FunctionalPredicate) (#$relationAllExists #$employedAgent #$WorkAgreement #$Employee) (#$comment #$Employee "A subcollection of #$PersonWithOccupation. Each instance of #$Employee works directly for some business or other organization (to which it is related via the predicate #$employees). This collection is disjoint with #$SelfEmployedWorker. See also #$HasPositionRelationship.") (#$disjointWith #$Employee #$SelfEmployedWorker) (#$genls #$Employee #$Individual) (#$genls #$Employee #$PersonWithOccupation) (#$isa #$Employee #$ExistingObjectType) (#$requiredArg2Pred #$Employee #$employees) (#$comment #$EmployeeHiring "A specialization of both #$MakingAnAgreement and #$OrganizationalTransferIn. Each instance of #$EmployeeHiring is an event in which some agent--either an organization or an individual--hires a person to work as its employee. See also #$employees, #$WorkAgreement.") (#$genls #$EmployeeHiring #$Individual) (#$genls #$EmployeeHiring #$MakingAnAgreement) (#$genls #$EmployeeHiring #$OrganizationalTransferIn) (#$isa #$EmployeeHiring #$DefaultDisjointScriptType) (#$isa #$EmployeeHiring #$TemporalObjectType) (#$arg1Isa #$employees #$Agent) (#$arg2Format #$employees #$SetTheFormat) (#$arg2Isa #$employees #$Person) (#$argFormat #$employees 2 #$SetTheFormat) (#$argIsa #$employees 1 #$Agent) (#$argIsa #$employees 1 #$Agent) (#$argIsa #$employees 2 #$Person) (#$argIsa #$employees 2 #$Person) (#$arity #$employees 2) (#$comment #$employees "A specialization of #$hasWorkers (q.v.) that relates employers to their paid employees. (#$employees EMPLOYER WORKER) means WORKER regularly performs work for EMPLOYER, and EMPLOYER pays WORKER for that work (often by paycheck). EMPLOYER directs the manner in which WORKER performs the work and might provide the workplace, tools, materials, capital, or other assistance for the work. EMPLOYER is commonly an organization but may be a person; e.g. (#$employees PerryMason PaulDrake). Note that in many contexts the use of this predicate require proper temporal qualification; e.g. (#$holdsIn (#$YearFn 1999) (#$employees #$NBC-TVNetwork #$KatieCouric)).") (#$genlInverse #$employees #$affiliatedWith) (#$genlPreds #$employees #$affiliatedWith) (#$genlPreds #$employees #$hasWorkers) (#$isa #$employees #$AsymmetricBinaryPredicate) (#$isa #$employees #$BinaryPredicate) (#$isa #$employees #$CotemporalObjectsSlot) (#$isa #$employees #$InterExistingObjectPredicate) (#$isa #$employees #$InterPersonalRelationSlot) (#$negationInverse #$employees #$employees) (#$arg1Format #$employeeStatus #$openEntryFormatInArgs) (#$arg1Isa #$employeeStatus #$Person) (#$arg1Isa #$employeeStatus #$Person) (#$arg2Format #$employeeStatus #$openEntryFormatInArgs) (#$arg2Isa #$employeeStatus #$EmployeeTypeByWorkStatus) (#$arg2Isa #$employeeStatus #$EmployeeTypeByWorkStatus) (#$argFormat #$employeeStatus 1 #$openEntryFormatInArgs) (#$argFormat #$employeeStatus 2 #$openEntryFormatInArgs) (#$argIsa #$employeeStatus 2 #$EmployeeTypeByWorkStatus) (#$argIsa #$employeeStatus 2 #$EmployeeTypeByWorkStatus) (#$argIsa #$employeeStatus 2 #$EmployeeTypeByWorkStatus) (#$argIsa #$employeeStatus 1 #$Person) (#$argIsa #$employeeStatus 1 #$Person) (#$argIsa #$employeeStatus 1 #$Person) (#$arity #$employeeStatus 2) (#$comment #$employeeStatus "#$employeeStatus relates a person to an instance of #$EmployeeTypeByWorkStatus. For example (#$employeeStatus WORKER #$FullTimeWorker) means that WORKER has a full time job.") (#$genlPreds #$employeeStatus #$isa) (#$isa #$employeeStatus #$BinaryPredicate) (#$transitiveViaArg #$employeeStatus #$genls 2) (#$typedGenlPreds #$employeeStatus #$isa) (#$comment #$EmployeeTypeByWorkStatus "A collection of specializations of #$Employee. Each instance of #$EmployeeTypeByWorkStatus is a classification commonly used by human resources departments to describe the status of workers on the company payroll. Note that these collections classify a person's status in a job, rather than the position itself. Examples of #$EmployeeTypeByWorkStatus include #$CommissionedWorker, #$HourlyWorker, #$FullTimeWorker, #$PartTimeWorker, #$TemporaryWorker. Also see #$employeeStatus.") (#$disjointWith #$EmployeeTypeByWorkStatus #$BeliefSystemType) (#$disjointWith #$EmployeeTypeByWorkStatus #$ContactLocationType) (#$disjointWith #$EmployeeTypeByWorkStatus #$GeographicalEntityByHierarchy) (#$disjointWith #$EmployeeTypeByWorkStatus #$LanguageGroupingType) (#$disjointWith #$EmployeeTypeByWorkStatus #$MicrotheoryType) (#$disjointWith #$EmployeeTypeByWorkStatus #$MoleculeTypeByChemicalCompoundType) (#$disjointWith #$EmployeeTypeByWorkStatus #$OrganismPartType) (#$disjointWith #$EmployeeTypeByWorkStatus #$PharmacyProductType) (#$disjointWith #$EmployeeTypeByWorkStatus #$RoadVehicleType) (#$disjointWith #$EmployeeTypeByWorkStatus #$SpatiallyDisjointRegionType) (#$genls #$EmployeeTypeByWorkStatus #$ExistingObjectType) (#$isa #$EmployeeTypeByWorkStatus #$CollectionType) (#$isa #$EmployeeTypeByWorkStatus #$SecondOrderCollection) (#$typeGenls #$EmployeeTypeByWorkStatus #$Employee) (#$arg1Isa #$employingAgent #$WorkAgreement) (#$arg1Isa #$employingAgent #$WorkAgreement) (#$arg2Isa #$employingAgent #$Agent) (#$arg2Isa #$employingAgent #$Agent) (#$argIsa #$employingAgent 2 #$Agent) (#$argIsa #$employingAgent 2 #$Agent) (#$argIsa #$employingAgent 2 #$Agent) (#$argIsa #$employingAgent 1 #$WorkAgreement) (#$argIsa #$employingAgent 1 #$WorkAgreement) (#$argIsa #$employingAgent 1 #$WorkAgreement) (#$arity #$employingAgent 2) (#$comment #$employingAgent "A binary predicate which relates instances of #$WorkAgreement to instances of #$Agent. (#$employingAgent AGREE EMPLOYER) means that the #$Agent EMPLOYER has entered into the #$WorkAgreement AGREE with some employee, and AGREE obligates EMPLOYER to compensate that employee for specified work. See also #$employedAgent and #$employees (which relates employees to their employers).") (#$functionalInArgs #$employingAgent 2) (#$genlPreds #$employingAgent #$agreeingAgents) (#$isa #$employingAgent #$BinaryPredicate) (#$isa #$employingAgent #$FunctionalPredicate) (#$negationPreds #$employingAgent #$employedAgent) (#$relationAllExists #$employingAgent #$WorkAgreement #$Agent) (#$comment #$EmploymentTermination "A specialization of both #$EndingAnAgreement and #$OrganizationalTransferOut. Each instance of #$EmploymentTermination is an event in which some employee (an instance of #$IntelligentAgent) ceases to work for his or her employer. The termination may be initiated by either party, or it may have been specified in the original #$WorkAgreement (q.v.) that specified the terms of the employment. Specializations of #$EmploymentTermination include #$Resigning, #$EmployeeLayoff, #$DischargeWithPrejudice, and #$RetirementEvent.") (#$genls #$EmploymentTermination #$EndingAnAgreement) (#$genls #$EmploymentTermination #$Individual) (#$genls #$EmploymentTermination #$OrganizationalTransferOut) (#$isa #$EmploymentTermination #$DefaultDisjointScriptType) (#$isa #$EmploymentTermination #$TemporalObjectType) (#$arg1Format #$emptiesInto #$SetTheFormat) (#$arg1Isa #$emptiesInto #$Stream) (#$arg1Isa #$emptiesInto #$Stream) (#$arg2Format #$emptiesInto #$PartsFormat) (#$arg2Isa #$emptiesInto #$BodyOfWater) (#$arg2Isa #$emptiesInto #$BodyOfWater) (#$argFormat #$emptiesInto 2 #$PartsFormat) (#$argFormat #$emptiesInto 1 #$SetTheFormat) (#$argIsa #$emptiesInto 2 #$BodyOfWater) (#$argIsa #$emptiesInto 2 #$BodyOfWater) (#$argIsa #$emptiesInto 1 #$Stream) (#$argIsa #$emptiesInto 1 #$Stream) (#$arity #$emptiesInto 2) (#$comment #$emptiesInto "(#$emptiesInto RIV WAT) means that the instance of #$Stream RIV flows into WAT, an instance of #$BodyOfWater that is not an instance of #$Stream. Examples: (#$emptiesInto #$AmazonRiver #$AtlanticOcean); (#$emptiesInto #$HuangHeRiver #$YellowSea).") (#$genlPreds #$emptiesInto #$bordersOn) (#$isa #$emptiesInto #$AntiTransitiveBinaryPredicate) (#$isa #$emptiesInto #$AsymmetricBinaryPredicate) (#$isa #$emptiesInto #$InterExistingObjectPredicate) (#$negationInverse #$emptiesInto #$emptiesInto) (#$comment #$EmptyRegion-Generic "A specialization of #$SpatialThing-Localized whose instances are connected, \"empty\" regions, which might be either intangible space regions (see #$EmptySpaceRegion) or the tangible contents of such regions (see #$FreeSpaceContent).") (#$genls #$EmptyRegion-Generic #$Individual) (#$genls #$EmptyRegion-Generic #$SpatialThing-Localized) (#$isa #$EmptyRegion-Generic #$ObjectType) (#$partitionedInto #$EmptyRegion-Generic (#$ThePartition #$FreeSpaceContent #$EmptySpaceRegion)) (#$comment #$EmptySpaceRegion "A specialization of #$SpaceRegion-Empirical whose instances are connected regions of empty space located in the empirically observable universe. The meaning of \"empty\" depends on context. In a high-energy physics microtheory where \"empty\" is defined as containing no particles, an empty space region would be a complete vacuum (see also #$Vacuum). In #$AmbientConditionsMt an empty space region would be occupied by a piece of #$Atmosphere. An undersea context could treat empty space regions as filled with seawater. An instance of #$EmptySpaceRegion is intangible, and not to be confused with the material -- if any -- that occupies it (cf. #$FreeSpaceContent).") (#$genls #$EmptySpaceRegion #$EmptyRegion-Generic) (#$genls #$EmptySpaceRegion #$Individual) (#$genls #$EmptySpaceRegion #$SpaceRegion-Empirical) (#$isa #$EmptySpaceRegion #$StuffType) (#$arg1Isa #$enables-Generic #$Individual) (#$arg2Isa #$enables-Generic #$Individual) (#$argIsa #$enables-Generic 1 #$Individual) (#$argIsa #$enables-Generic 1 #$Individual) (#$argIsa #$enables-Generic 2 #$Individual) (#$argIsa #$enables-Generic 2 #$Individual) (#$arity #$enables-Generic 2) (#$comment #$enables-Generic "(#$enables-Generic X Y) says that X enables Y. This predicate serves as a generalization over all individual-level enables-* predicates. Please use one of its spec preds or axiomatically defined specializations (i.e., spec preds of #$enablesAgentTo-Generic), whenver possible.") (#$genlInverseWRTTypes #$enables-Generic #$startsAfterStartingOf #$TemporalThing #$TemporalThing) (#$isa #$enables-Generic #$AsymmetricBinaryPredicate) (#$isa #$enables-Generic #$IndividualLevelPredicate) (#$negationInverse #$enables-Generic #$enables-Generic) (#$arg1Isa #$enables-ThingProp #$Individual) (#$arg2Isa #$enables-ThingProp #$ELSentence-Assertible) (#$argIsa #$enables-ThingProp 2 #$ELSentence-Assertible) (#$argIsa #$enables-ThingProp 2 #$ELSentence-Assertible) (#$argIsa #$enables-ThingProp 1 #$Individual) (#$argIsa #$enables-ThingProp 1 #$Individual) (#$arity #$enables-ThingProp 2) (#$comment #$enables-ThingProp "(#$enables-ThingProp THING SENT) means that THING enables the proposition PROP expressed by SENT to become or remain true. This relation is weaker than causation, but the above formula entails (partly depending on the kind of thing THING is) that either THING's existing, obtaining, occurring, playing a certain role in an event, or performing a certain action is at least a salient contributing cause of PROP's becoming or remaining true. For example, my car enabled -- but did not cause -- it to be true that I arrived at work today.") (#$genlPreds #$enables-ThingProp #$enables-Generic) (#$isa #$enables-ThingProp #$BinaryPredicate) (#$isa #$enables-ThingProp #$PropositionPredicate) (#$typedGenlPreds #$enables-ThingProp #$enables-Generic) (#$comment #$EnclosingSomething "This is the collection of all events in which something becomes enclosed. This can happen either as the result of an object moving into an enclosure, such as a person entering a room, or the enclosure surrounding the object, such as a hand grasping a pencil. 'Enclosure' means that the enclosed object is at least surrounded in a plane by the enclosure. The enclosing event is considered to last as long as the enclosed object is inside the enclosure. An enclosing may come about either by movement, growth or shape change.") (#$genls #$EnclosingSomething #$Individual) (#$genls #$EnclosingSomething #$MovementOrShapeChangeEvent) (#$isa #$EnclosingSomething #$DefaultDisjointScriptType) (#$isa #$EnclosingSomething #$TemporalObjectType) (#$siblingDisjointExceptions #$EnclosingSomething #$PhysicalDestructionEvent) (#$comment #$Encoding "The collection of events where some data in an #$InformationBearingThing are tranformed from a more 'raw' or natural format to a more compressed/complex format.") (#$genls #$Encoding #$IBTRecoding) (#$genls #$Encoding #$Individual) (#$isa #$Encoding #$TemporalObjectType) (#$comment #$EncounteringSomething "This is the collection of events in which an agent encounters an object or another agent. To encounter something is to become close enough to it to become aware of it. One may encounter a bear by the bear approaching, so encountering does not require movement on the part of the encounterer (though the bear would also be an encounterer). If both objects encountering each other are #$Agents, the #$doneBy slot would normally be filled by the moving agent, if only one moves. See #$MeetingSomeone.") (#$genls #$EncounteringSomething #$AnimalActivity) (#$genls #$EncounteringSomething #$Individual) (#$isa #$EncounteringSomething #$AnimalCapabilityType) (#$isa #$EncounteringSomething #$TemporalObjectType) (#$comment #$Encrypting "A specialization of #$Encoding. In each instance of #$Encrypting, a transformation is applied to the information in some instance of #$InformationBearingThing, with the intention of making that information inaccessible to all but the intended audience for that #$InformationBearingThing (the intended audience, in almost all cases, will have a decryption method which will allow it to transform the information back into an accessible form).") (#$disjointWith #$Encrypting #$Decrypting) (#$genls #$Encrypting #$Encoding) (#$genls #$Encrypting #$Individual) (#$isa #$Encrypting #$TemporalObjectType) (#$isa (#$EndFn (#$YearFn 1900)) #$Individual) (#$isa (#$EndFn (#$YearFn 1900)) #$TimePoint) (#$isa (#$EndFn (#$YearFn 1988)) #$Individual) (#$isa (#$EndFn (#$YearFn 1988)) #$TimePoint) (#$isa (#$EndFn (#$YearFn 2000)) #$Individual) (#$isa (#$EndFn (#$YearFn 2000)) #$TimePoint) (#$arg1Isa #$EndFn #$TemporalThing) (#$argIsa #$EndFn 1 #$TemporalThing) (#$argIsa #$EndFn 1 #$TemporalThing) (#$arity #$EndFn 1) (#$comment #$EndFn "#$EndFn is a unary function that takes an instance of #$TemporalThing as an argument and returns an instance of #$TimePoint. (#$EndFn TT) denotes the time pint at which TT ends. Thus: (#$endingPoint ?PERIOD (#$EndFn ?PERIOD)) is true.") (#$functionCorrespondingPredicate-Canonical #$EndFn #$endingPoint 2) (#$isa #$EndFn #$IndividualDenotingFunction) (#$isa #$EndFn #$ReifiableFunction) (#$isa #$EndFn #$UnaryFunction) (#$resultIsa #$EndFn #$Individual) (#$resultIsa #$EndFn #$TimePoint) (#$comment #$EndingAnAgreement "A specialization of #$PurposefulAction and #$SocialOccurrence. Each instance of #$EndingAnAgreement is an event in which some instance of #$Agreement comes to an end. For example, #$EmploymentTermination is a specialization of #$EndingAnAgreement.") (#$genls #$EndingAnAgreement #$Individual) (#$genls #$EndingAnAgreement #$PurposefulAction) (#$genls #$EndingAnAgreement #$SocialOccurrence) (#$isa #$EndingAnAgreement #$DefaultDisjointScriptType) (#$isa #$EndingAnAgreement #$TemporalObjectType) (#$arg1Isa #$endingDate #$TemporalThing) (#$arg2Isa #$endingDate #$Date) (#$argIsa #$endingDate 2 #$Date) (#$argIsa #$endingDate 2 #$Date) (#$argIsa #$endingDate 1 #$TemporalThing) (#$argIsa #$endingDate 1 #$TemporalThing) (#$arity #$endingDate 2) (#$comment #$endingDate "A #$ComplexTemporalPredicate that is used to specify the date (see #$Date) on which a given temporal thing ends or ceases to exist. (#$endingDate TEMP-THING DATE) means that TEMP-THING ends (if TEMP-THING is an event or other #$Situation-Temporal) or ceases to exist (if TEMP-THING is a physical object or other #$SomethingExisting) sometime during DATE. That is, (#$temporallySubsumes DATE (#$EndFn TEMP-THING)) holds. Note that DATE, though defined in terms of a calendar, need not be a particular day or year (e.g. it might be a particular minute or month or decade). See also #$endingPoint and #$startingDate.") (#$genlPreds #$endingDate #$temporallyIntersects) (#$intraArgReln #$endingDate 2 #$temporallyIntersects) (#$isa #$endingDate #$ComplexTemporalPredicate) (#$isa #$endingDate #$ReflexiveBinaryPredicate) (#$negationInverse #$endingDate #$startsAfterEndingOf) (#$negationPreds #$endingDate #$endsAfterEndingOf) (#$arg1Format #$endingPoint #$openEntryFormatInArgs) (#$arg1Isa #$endingPoint #$TemporalThing) (#$arg2Format #$endingPoint #$singleEntryFormatInArgs) (#$arg2Isa #$endingPoint #$TimePoint) (#$argFormat #$endingPoint 1 #$openEntryFormatInArgs) (#$argFormat #$endingPoint 2 #$singleEntryFormatInArgs) (#$argIsa #$endingPoint 1 #$TemporalThing) (#$argIsa #$endingPoint 1 #$TemporalThing) (#$argIsa #$endingPoint 2 #$TimePoint) (#$argIsa #$endingPoint 2 #$TimePoint) (#$arity #$endingPoint 2) (#$comment #$endingPoint "This predicate relates a temporal thing to the time point at which it ends or ceases to exist. (#$endingPoint THING POINT) means that #$TemporalThing THING ends at #$TimePoint POINT, which is the last moment of its temporal extent. See also #$startingPoint.") (#$functionalInArgs #$endingPoint 2) (#$genlPreds #$endingPoint #$temporallyCoterminal) (#$genlPreds #$endingPoint #$temporallySubsumes) (#$isa #$endingPoint #$BinaryPredicate) (#$isa #$endingPoint #$FunctionalPredicate) (#$isa #$endingPoint #$NonPhysicalPartPredicate) (#$isa #$endingPoint #$TemporalPredicate) (#$arg1Format #$endsAfterEndingOf #$SetTheFormat) (#$arg1Isa #$endsAfterEndingOf #$TemporalThing) (#$arg2Format #$endsAfterEndingOf #$SetTheFormat) (#$arg2Isa #$endsAfterEndingOf #$TemporalThing) (#$argFormat #$endsAfterEndingOf 1 #$SetTheFormat) (#$argFormat #$endsAfterEndingOf 2 #$SetTheFormat) (#$argIsa #$endsAfterEndingOf 1 #$TemporalThing) (#$argIsa #$endsAfterEndingOf 1 #$TemporalThing) (#$argIsa #$endsAfterEndingOf 2 #$TemporalThing) (#$argIsa #$endsAfterEndingOf 2 #$TemporalThing) (#$arity #$endsAfterEndingOf 2) (#$comment #$endsAfterEndingOf "(#$endsAfterEndingOf LATER EARLY) means that LATER ceases to exists or occur after EARLY ceases to exist or occur. That is, the #$endingPoint of LATER is later than the #$endingPoint of EARLY, or, equivalently, (#$after (#$EndFn LATER) (#$EndFn EARLY). This implies nothing about whether, or by how much, LATER and EARLY overlap, except that they can't be fully #$cotemporal.") (#$genlPreds #$endsAfterEndingOf #$endsAfterStartingOf) (#$isa #$endsAfterEndingOf #$AntiSymmetricBinaryPredicate) (#$isa #$endsAfterEndingOf #$AsymmetricBinaryPredicate) (#$isa #$endsAfterEndingOf #$ComplexTemporalPredicate) (#$isa #$endsAfterEndingOf #$ObjectPredicate) (#$isa #$endsAfterEndingOf #$TransitiveBinaryPredicate) (#$negationInverse #$endsAfterEndingOf #$endsAfterEndingOf) (#$arg1Format #$endsAfterStartingOf #$SetTheFormat) (#$arg1Isa #$endsAfterStartingOf #$TemporalThing) (#$arg2Format #$endsAfterStartingOf #$SetTheFormat) (#$arg2Isa #$endsAfterStartingOf #$TemporalThing) (#$argFormat #$endsAfterStartingOf 1 #$SetTheFormat) (#$argFormat #$endsAfterStartingOf 2 #$SetTheFormat) (#$argIsa #$endsAfterStartingOf 1 #$TemporalThing) (#$argIsa #$endsAfterStartingOf 1 #$TemporalThing) (#$argIsa #$endsAfterStartingOf 2 #$TemporalThing) (#$argIsa #$endsAfterStartingOf 2 #$TemporalThing) (#$arity #$endsAfterStartingOf 2) (#$comment #$endsAfterStartingOf "(#$endsAfterStartingOf ENDER STARTER) means that ENDER ceases to exist or occur after STARTER begins to exist or occur. That is, the #$endingPoint of ENDER is later than the #$startingPoint of STARTER. Equivalently: (#$after (#$EndFn ENDER) (#$StartFn STARTER)). This implies nothing about whether, or by how much, the temporal extents of ENDER and STARTER overlap.") (#$genlPreds #$endsAfterStartingOf #$temporallyRelated) (#$isa #$endsAfterStartingOf #$ComplexTemporalPredicate) (#$arg1Isa #$endsDuring #$TemporalThing) (#$arg2Format #$endsDuring #$SetTheFormat) (#$arg2Isa #$endsDuring #$TemporalThing) (#$argFormat #$endsDuring 2 #$SetTheFormat) (#$argIsa #$endsDuring 1 #$TemporalThing) (#$argIsa #$endsDuring 1 #$TemporalThing) (#$argIsa #$endsDuring 2 #$TemporalThing) (#$argIsa #$endsDuring 2 #$TemporalThing) (#$arity #$endsDuring 2) (#$comment #$endsDuring "(#$endsDuring X Y) means Y covers the end of X, i.e. the #$endingPoint of X is properly contained in (#$temporalBoundsContain) Y. Note that X and Y don't necessarily intersect, however, if Y is continuous, they do.") (#$genlInverse #$endsDuring #$endsAfterEndingOf) (#$genlPreds #$endsDuring #$endsAfterStartingOf) (#$genlPreds #$endsDuring #$temporalBoundsIntersect) (#$interArgFormat2-2 #$endsDuring #$April #$SingleEntry) (#$interArgFormat2-2 #$endsDuring #$April #$SingleEntry) (#$interArgFormat2-2 #$endsDuring #$August #$SingleEntry) (#$interArgFormat2-2 #$endsDuring #$August #$SingleEntry) (#$interArgFormat2-2 #$endsDuring #$CalendarAutumn #$SingleEntry) (#$interArgFormat2-2 #$endsDuring #$CalendarCentury #$SingleEntry) (#$interArgFormat2-2 #$endsDuring #$CalendarDay #$SingleEntry) (#$interArgFormat2-2 #$endsDuring #$CalendarDecade #$SingleEntry) (#$interArgFormat2-2 #$endsDuring #$CalendarHalfCentury #$SingleEntry) (#$interArgFormat2-2 #$endsDuring #$CalendarHour #$SingleEntry) (#$interArgFormat2-2 #$endsDuring #$CalendarMinute #$SingleEntry) (#$interArgFormat2-2 #$endsDuring #$CalendarMonth #$SingleEntry) (#$interArgFormat2-2 #$endsDuring #$CalendarQuarter #$SingleEntry) (#$interArgFormat2-2 #$endsDuring #$CalendarSeason #$SingleEntry) (#$interArgFormat2-2 #$endsDuring #$CalendarSecond #$SingleEntry) (#$interArgFormat2-2 #$endsDuring #$CalendarSpring #$SingleEntry) (#$interArgFormat2-2 #$endsDuring #$CalendarSummer #$SingleEntry) (#$interArgFormat2-2 #$endsDuring #$CalendarWeek #$SingleEntry) (#$interArgFormat2-2 #$endsDuring #$CalendarWinter #$SingleEntry) (#$interArgFormat2-2 #$endsDuring #$CalendarYear #$SingleEntry) (#$interArgFormat2-2 #$endsDuring #$December #$SingleEntry) (#$interArgFormat2-2 #$endsDuring #$December #$SingleEntry) (#$interArgFormat2-2 #$endsDuring #$February #$SingleEntry) (#$interArgFormat2-2 #$endsDuring #$February #$SingleEntry) (#$interArgFormat2-2 #$endsDuring #$Friday #$SingleEntry) (#$interArgFormat2-2 #$endsDuring #$January #$SingleEntry) (#$interArgFormat2-2 #$endsDuring #$January #$SingleEntry) (#$interArgFormat2-2 #$endsDuring #$July #$SingleEntry) (#$interArgFormat2-2 #$endsDuring #$July #$SingleEntry) (#$interArgFormat2-2 #$endsDuring #$June #$SingleEntry) (#$interArgFormat2-2 #$endsDuring #$June #$SingleEntry) (#$interArgFormat2-2 #$endsDuring #$March #$SingleEntry) (#$interArgFormat2-2 #$endsDuring #$March #$SingleEntry) (#$interArgFormat2-2 #$endsDuring #$May #$SingleEntry) (#$interArgFormat2-2 #$endsDuring #$May #$SingleEntry) (#$interArgFormat2-2 #$endsDuring #$Monday #$SingleEntry) (#$interArgFormat2-2 #$endsDuring #$November #$SingleEntry) (#$interArgFormat2-2 #$endsDuring #$November #$SingleEntry) (#$interArgFormat2-2 #$endsDuring #$October #$SingleEntry) (#$interArgFormat2-2 #$endsDuring #$October #$SingleEntry) (#$interArgFormat2-2 #$endsDuring #$Saturday #$SingleEntry) (#$interArgFormat2-2 #$endsDuring #$September #$SingleEntry) (#$interArgFormat2-2 #$endsDuring #$September #$SingleEntry) (#$interArgFormat2-2 #$endsDuring #$Sunday #$SingleEntry) (#$interArgFormat2-2 #$endsDuring #$Thursday #$SingleEntry) (#$interArgFormat2-2 #$endsDuring #$TimePoint #$SingleEntry) (#$interArgFormat2-2 #$endsDuring #$Tuesday #$SingleEntry) (#$interArgFormat2-2 #$endsDuring #$Wednesday #$SingleEntry) (#$isa #$endsDuring #$AsymmetricBinaryPredicate) (#$isa #$endsDuring #$ComplexTemporalPredicate) (#$negationInverse #$endsDuring #$endsDuring) (#$arg1Isa #$endsOfPathSegment #$Path-Generic) (#$arg2Isa #$endsOfPathSegment #$Thing) (#$argIsa #$endsOfPathSegment 1 #$Path-Generic) (#$argIsa #$endsOfPathSegment 1 #$Path-Generic) (#$argIsa #$endsOfPathSegment 2 #$Thing) (#$argIsa #$endsOfPathSegment 2 #$Thing) (#$arity #$endsOfPathSegment 2) (#$comment #$endsOfPathSegment "(#$endsOfPathSegment PATH END) means that END is at one end of the #$Path-Generic PATH; END may be either a junction or a genuine terminal-end of the path segment (note that if PATH is an instance of #$Path-Simple, then it would be related to one of its genuine terminal-ends via the more specialized predicate #$pathTerminus). #$endsOfPathSegment is also used to relate an instance of #$SimpleLoopedSegmentOfPath (q.v.) to its single end-point. Note that if PATH is an instance of #$PartiallyTangible, #$SpatialThing, or #$TemporalThing, then END is also; however, neither of them need to be an instance of any of these collections.") (#$genlInverse #$endsOfPathSegment #$onPath) (#$interArgIsa1-2 #$endsOfPathSegment #$PartiallyTangible #$PartiallyTangible) (#$interArgIsa1-2 #$endsOfPathSegment #$SpatialThing #$SpatialThing) (#$interArgIsa1-2 #$endsOfPathSegment #$SpatialThing-Localized #$SpatialThing-Localized) (#$interArgIsa1-2 #$endsOfPathSegment #$TemporalThing #$TemporalThing) (#$isa #$endsOfPathSegment #$AsymmetricBinaryPredicate) (#$isa #$endsOfPathSegment #$CustomaryPathCycLConstant) (#$negationInverse #$endsOfPathSegment #$endsOfPathSegment) (#$negationInverse #$endsOfPathSegment #$endsOfPathSegment) (#$arg1Isa #$endToEndConnected #$PartiallyTangible) (#$arg1Isa #$endToEndConnected #$PartiallyTangible) (#$arg1Isa #$endToEndConnected #$Path-Simple) (#$arg1Isa #$endToEndConnected #$Path-Simple) (#$arg2Isa #$endToEndConnected #$PartiallyTangible) (#$arg2Isa #$endToEndConnected #$PartiallyTangible) (#$arg2Isa #$endToEndConnected #$Path-Simple) (#$arg2Isa #$endToEndConnected #$Path-Simple) (#$argIsa #$endToEndConnected 1 #$PartiallyTangible) (#$argIsa #$endToEndConnected 1 #$PartiallyTangible) (#$argIsa #$endToEndConnected 1 #$PartiallyTangible) (#$argIsa #$endToEndConnected 2 #$PartiallyTangible) (#$argIsa #$endToEndConnected 2 #$PartiallyTangible) (#$argIsa #$endToEndConnected 2 #$PartiallyTangible) (#$argIsa #$endToEndConnected 1 #$Path-Simple) (#$argIsa #$endToEndConnected 1 #$Path-Simple) (#$argIsa #$endToEndConnected 1 #$Path-Simple) (#$argIsa #$endToEndConnected 2 #$Path-Simple) (#$argIsa #$endToEndConnected 2 #$Path-Simple) (#$argIsa #$endToEndConnected 2 #$Path-Simple) (#$arity #$endToEndConnected 2) (#$comment #$endToEndConnected "A #$ConnectionPredicate and specialization of #$connectedAtEnd (q.v.) that relates tangible paths (see #$Path-Simple) that are connected end-to-end. (#$endToEndConnected PATH1 PATH2) means that one end of PATH1 is connected to one end of another PATH2, in such a way that they share no subpaths and that flow or transport is allowed between them. This kind of connection is not a #$JunctionOfPaths since there is no third distinct path joined there. In pipe welding, these end-to-end connections are called butt welds or circumferential pipe welds.") (#$genlInverse #$endToEndConnected #$endToEndConnected) (#$genlInverse #$endToEndConnected #$endToEndConnected) (#$genlPreds #$endToEndConnected #$connectedAtEnd) (#$genlPreds #$endToEndConnected #$different) (#$isa #$endToEndConnected #$ConnectionPredicate) (#$isa #$endToEndConnected #$InterExistingObjectPredicate) (#$isa #$endToEndConnected #$SymmetricBinaryPredicate) (#$comment #$EnergyConversionProcess "A collection of events. In each instance of #$EnergyConversionProcess, energy is converted from one form to another.") (#$genls #$EnergyConversionProcess #$Individual) (#$genls #$EnergyConversionProcess #$PhysicalTransformationEvent) (#$isa #$EnergyConversionProcess #$DefaultDisjointScriptType) (#$isa #$EnergyConversionProcess #$TemporalStuffType) (#$comment #$EnergyTransferEvent "A specialization of #$Translocation. Each instance of #$EnergyTransferEvent is an event in which energy is transferred from at least one instance of #$PartiallyTangible to at least one other instance of #$PartiallyTangible. Important specializations of #$EnergyTransferEvent include #$Freezing and #$Condensing.") (#$genls #$EnergyTransferEvent #$Individual) (#$genls #$EnergyTransferEvent #$Translocation) (#$isa #$EnergyTransferEvent #$DefaultDisjointScriptType) (#$siblingDisjointExceptions #$EnergyTransferEvent #$BodilyFunctionEvent) (#$siblingDisjointExceptions #$EnergyTransferEvent #$PhysicalCreationEvent) (#$siblingDisjointExceptions #$EnergyTransferEvent #$PhysicalDestructionEvent) (#$comment #$Engine "#$Engine is a specialization of #$PoweredDevice and #$MechanicalDevice. Each instance of #$Engine is a device that changes some form of energy into motion (usually rotation). An engine may operate by burning some type of fuel (as do jet engines and internal combustion engines), or it may be powered by electricity, fluid flow, etc. Some notable specializations of #$Engine are #$ElectricalMotor, #$ExternalCombustionEngine, and #$RocketEngine.") (#$disjointWith #$Engine #$MeasuringDevice) (#$disjointWith #$Engine #$StorageConstruct) (#$disjointWith #$Engine #$TransportationDevice) (#$disjointWith #$Engine #$Weapon) (#$genls #$Engine #$Individual) (#$genls #$Engine #$MechanicalDevice) (#$genls #$Engine #$PoweredDevice) (#$isa #$Engine #$ExistingObjectType) (#$isa #$Engine #$ProductType) (#$comment #$Engineer "A specialization of #$PersonWithOccupation. Each instance of #$Engineer is a professional who works in some branch of engineering (see the constant #$EngineeringField). Notable specializations of #$Engineer include #$ElectricalEngineer, #$ChemicalEngineer, #$CivilEngineer, and #$MechanicalEngineer.") (#$disjointWith #$Engineer #$OrganizationRepresentative) (#$genls #$Engineer #$Individual) (#$genls #$Engineer #$PersonWithOccupation) (#$isa #$Engineer #$PersonTypeByOccupation) (#$comment #$EnglishCompositionalPhrasesLexicalMt "The mt for semantic mappings between Cyc terms and english phrases that can be understood compositionally. Example: (#$headMedialString (\"athletic\") #$Clothes-TheWord (\"for\" \"boys\") #$CountNoun (#$SubcollectionOfUsedForTypeFn (#$ProductTypeByPersonTypeFn #$ClothingItem #$MaleChild) #$AthleticActivity)).") (#$genlMt #$EnglishCompositionalPhrasesLexicalMt #$BaseKB) (#$genlMt #$EnglishCompositionalPhrasesLexicalMt #$BaseKB) (#$genlMt #$EnglishCompositionalPhrasesLexicalMt #$EnglishMt) (#$genlMt #$EnglishCompositionalPhrasesLexicalMt #$GeneralLexiconMt) (#$isa #$EnglishCompositionalPhrasesLexicalMt #$EnglishLexicalMicrotheory) (#$isa #$EnglishCompositionalPhrasesLexicalMt #$Language-SpecificMicrotheory) (#$isa #$EnglishCompositionalPhrasesLexicalMt #$Microtheory) (#$arg1Isa #$englishGloss #$CycLIndexedTerm) (#$arg2Isa #$englishGloss #$SubLString) (#$argIsa #$englishGloss 1 #$CycLIndexedTerm) (#$argIsa #$englishGloss 1 #$CycLIndexedTerm) (#$argIsa #$englishGloss 2 #$SubLString) (#$argIsa #$englishGloss 2 #$SubLString) (#$arity #$englishGloss 2) (#$comment #$englishGloss "To be used to refer to the manual english rendering of an assertion or perhaps a constant but see also #$denotation. #$englishGloss assertions may be used to enhance or supplement automatic nl generation results, serve as a training data set for a program which learns to generate NL from CycL, etc.. This predicate should not be used for commentary. For commentary see #$comment or #$cyclistNotes.") (#$isa #$englishGloss #$BinaryPredicate) (#$isa #$englishGloss #$DocumentationPredicate) (#$isa #$englishGloss #$FunctionalSlot) (#$isa #$englishGloss #$MetaKnowledgePredicate) (#$genlMt #$EnglishGrammarTemplateMt #$BaseKB) (#$genlMt #$EnglishGrammarTemplateMt #$EnglishMt) (#$genlMt #$EnglishGrammarTemplateMt #$TemplateParsingMt) (#$isa #$EnglishGrammarTemplateMt #$Microtheory) (#$isa #$EnglishGrammarTemplateMt #$TemplateParsingMicrotheory) (#$comment #$EnglishLanguage "The Germanic Language native to England, now spoken in the United Kingdom, the United States, and many other countries.") (#$isa #$EnglishLanguage #$Individual) (#$isa #$EnglishLanguage #$LivingLanguage) (#$comment #$EnglishLexicalMicrotheory "The collection of all instances of #$LexicalMicrotheory whose #$languageOfLexicon is the #$EnglishLanguage.") (#$genls #$EnglishLexicalMicrotheory #$Language-SpecificMicrotheory) (#$genls #$EnglishLexicalMicrotheory #$LexicalMicrotheory) (#$genls #$EnglishLexicalMicrotheory #$Microtheory) (#$isa #$EnglishLexicalMicrotheory #$MicrotheoryType) (#$comment #$EnglishLexiconMt "The Mt for defining lexicon predicates specific to the english language. Define english words and their pos assertions in the appropriate mt -- #$GeneralEnglishMt, #$EnglishMt, or one of the national standards. See #$AmericanEnglishMt, #$BritishEnglishMt, #$CanadianEnglishMt, #$ScottishEnglishMt, #$IrishEnglishMt, #$SouthAfricanEnglishMt, #$AustralianEnglishMt, and #$NewZealandEnglishMt. Example: #$Blue-TheWord should be defined and have its pos information in the #$GeneralEnglishMt; #$Color-TheWord should be defined in the #$GeneralEnglishMt, but should have its #$singular assertions in the #$AmericanEnglishMt as \"color\" and in the #$BritishEnglishMt as \"colour\". Note the relationships between the various mts.") (#$genlMt #$EnglishLexiconMt #$BaseKB) (#$genlMt #$EnglishLexiconMt #$BaseKB) (#$genlMt #$EnglishLexiconMt #$GeneralLexiconMt) (#$genlMt #$EnglishLexiconMt #$NameLexicalMt) (#$isa #$EnglishLexiconMt #$BroadMicrotheory) (#$isa #$EnglishLexiconMt #$EnglishLexicalMicrotheory) (#$isa #$EnglishLexiconMt #$Language-SpecificMicrotheory) (#$comment #$EnglishMt "The mt for semantic mappings between Cyc terms and words or phrases in english which are not \"general\". For general phrases and words, make the assertion in the #$GeneralEnglishMt (a #$genlMt of this one). See the #$NoteOnCriteriaForGeneralEnglishMt for more on what constitues a general english lexical assertion.") (#$genlMt #$EnglishMt #$BaseKB) (#$genlMt #$EnglishMt #$BaseKB) (#$genlMt #$EnglishMt #$GeneralEnglishMt) (#$genlMt #$EnglishMt #$GeneralLexiconMt) (#$isa #$EnglishMt #$BroadMicrotheory) (#$isa #$EnglishMt #$EnglishLexicalMicrotheory) (#$isa #$EnglishMt #$Language-SpecificMicrotheory) (#$isa #$EnglishMt #$Microtheory) (#$comment #$EnglishParaphraseMt "An instance of both #$ParaphraseMicrotheory and #$GeneralMicrotheory. #$EnglishParaphraseMt is the default context used for generating English paraphrases for CycL expressions. Many of the assertions required for English paraphrase generation, including those with the predicates #$genFormat and #$genPhrase (qq.v.), can be found in this context.") (#$genlMt #$EnglishParaphraseMt #$AmericanEnglishMt) (#$genlMt #$EnglishParaphraseMt #$BaseKB) (#$genlMt #$EnglishParaphraseMt #$BaseKB) (#$genlMt #$EnglishParaphraseMt #$ComputereseLexicalMt) (#$genlMt #$EnglishParaphraseMt #$GeneralLexiconMt) (#$genlMt #$EnglishParaphraseMt #$GeneralLexiconMt) (#$genlMt #$EnglishParaphraseMt #$GeneralScientificLexicalMt) (#$genlMt #$EnglishParaphraseMt #$NewLatinLexicalMt) (#$genlMt #$EnglishParaphraseMt #$ParaphraseMt) (#$genlMt #$EnglishParaphraseMt #$ParaphraseMt) (#$genlMt #$EnglishParaphraseMt #$RelationParaphraseMt) (#$genlMt #$EnglishParaphraseMt #$TemplateParsingMt) (#$isa #$EnglishParaphraseMt #$CoreImplementationConstant) (#$isa #$EnglishParaphraseMt #$EnglishLexicalMicrotheory) (#$isa #$EnglishParaphraseMt #$GeneralMicrotheory) (#$isa #$EnglishParaphraseMt #$TheoryMicrotheory) (#$genlMt #$EnglishTemplateMt #$AuxInversionTemplateMt) (#$genlMt #$EnglishTemplateMt #$BaseKB) (#$genlMt #$EnglishTemplateMt #$BaseKB) (#$genlMt #$EnglishTemplateMt #$CopulaConstructionTemplateMt) (#$genlMt #$EnglishTemplateMt #$EnglishGrammarTemplateMt) (#$genlMt #$EnglishTemplateMt #$GappedNPTemplateParsingMt) (#$genlMt #$EnglishTemplateMt #$NegationTemplateMt) (#$genlMt #$EnglishTemplateMt #$RTPVBarTemplateMt) (#$isa #$EnglishTemplateMt #$Microtheory) (#$isa #$EnglishTemplateMt #$TemplateParsingMicrotheory) (#$comment #$EnglishWord "A subcollection of #$LexicalWord. Each instance of #$EnglishWord is a lexical word of the English language. Note that different inflectional forms of a given word do not count as different lexical words; for example, #$Eat-TheWord encompasses the strings `eat', `eats', `eating', and `ate'.") (#$isa #$EnglishWord #$LinguisticObjectType) (#$comment #$Enjoyment "The agreeable emotion of taking pleasure or satisfaction in an experience. This is a collection; for an explanation of a typical #$FeelingType, see #$Happiness. Some more specialized #$FeelingTypes are #$Delight, #$Celebratory-Emotion, etc.") (#$genls #$Enjoyment #$FeelingAttribute) (#$isa #$Enjoyment #$AtemporalNecessarilyEssentialCollectionType) (#$isa #$Enjoyment #$FeelingType) (#$comment #$EnlistedPerson "A specialization of #$MilitaryPerson. Each instance of #$EnlistedPerson is a person in some branch of the military who holds a rank below that of a commissioned officer (see the collection #$CommissionedOfficer).") (#$genls #$EnlistedPerson #$Individual) (#$genls #$EnlistedPerson #$MilitaryPerson) (#$isa #$EnlistedPerson #$PersonTypeByOccupation) (#$comment #$Entertained-Emotion "The emotion experienced when one is entertained or occupied in a light, playful, or pleasant manner. Not necessarily implies play or sport.") (#$genls #$Entertained-Emotion #$Enjoyment) (#$isa #$Entertained-Emotion #$AtemporalNecessarilyEssentialCollectionType) (#$isa #$Entertained-Emotion #$FeelingType) (#$comment #$Entertainer "#$Entertainer is a specialization of #$EntertainmentOrArtsProfessional. Each instance of #$Entertainer is a person whose job it is to entertain people, i.e., to perform for an audience (live or via a recording) in an attempt to distract them from their worries and make them laugh, cry, smile, get excited, etc.") (#$genls #$Entertainer #$EntertainmentOrArtsProfessional) (#$genls #$Entertainer #$Individual) (#$genls #$Entertainer (#$CollectionUnionFn (#$TheSet #$EntertainmentOrRecreationOrganization #$Entertainer))) (#$isa #$Entertainer #$PersonTypeByActivity) (#$isa #$Entertainer #$PersonTypeByOccupation) (#$comment #$EntertainmentEvent "A specialization of #$CulturalEvent and #$ServiceEvent. Each instance of this collection is an activity performed by one or more agents primarily to amuse, entertain or otherwise divert others. Every instance of #$EntertainmentEvent necessarily has among its subevents both an instance of (#$PerformingFn #$EntertainmentEvent) and an instance of (#$AttendingFn #$EntertainmentEvent). It is thus distinguished from #$RecreationalActivity: a #$RecreationalActivity need not involve any #$Entertainers, whereas an instance of #$EntertainmentEvent will always involve both an entertainer, and an entertainee. Note: This collection is more general than #$EntertainmentPerformance, which is a specialization of it. For instance, #$JokeTelling is a specialization of #$EntertainmentEvent, since it involves both an entertainer and an entertainee, Such an event, however, can occur under informal circumstances, and need not be a formal performance. Thus #$JokeTelling is not a spec of #$EntertainmentPerformance.") (#$genls #$EntertainmentEvent #$CulturalEvent) (#$genls #$EntertainmentEvent #$HumanActivity) (#$genls #$EntertainmentEvent #$Individual) (#$genls #$EntertainmentEvent #$ServiceEvent) (#$genls #$EntertainmentEvent #$SocialOccurrence) (#$isa #$EntertainmentEvent #$ProductType) (#$isa #$EntertainmentEvent #$TemporalObjectType) (#$comment #$EntertainmentOrArtsProfessional "A #$PersonTypeByOccupation (q.v.) instances of which are persons who use some sort of creative or artistic abilities in carrying out the main function of their jobs. #$EntertainmentOrArtsProfessional includes both performing artists and producers of tangible artworks, either creative or commercial. Note that this collection does _not_ include people working on the business side of those professions, such as producers or art dealers, whose jobs are more similar (see #$jobAttributes) to those of other business professionals (e.g. managers, marketers, sales representatives) than to the artists'; cf. #$EntertainmentOrArtsAdministrator.") (#$genls #$EntertainmentOrArtsProfessional #$Individual) (#$genls #$EntertainmentOrArtsProfessional #$PersonWithOccupation) (#$isa #$EntertainmentOrArtsProfessional #$PersonTypeByOccupation) (#$comment #$EntertainmentOrRecreationOrganization "#$EntertainmentOrRecreationOrganization is a specialization of #$Organization. Each instance of #$EntertainmentOrRecreationOrganization is an organization whose #$MainFunction is to provide personal entertainment to customers. This collection includes organizations that perform or provide other forms of entertainment, as well as organizations which provide spaces in which entertainment is scheduled or provided. Specific types of #$EntertainmentOrRecreationOrganization include: #$TelevisionStation, #$TelevisionNetwork, #$NightClub, #$TheaterCompany, #$Cinema-Organization, #$AmusementPark, #$Band-MusicGroup.") (#$disjointWith #$EntertainmentOrRecreationOrganization #$AdvocacyOrganization) (#$disjointWith #$EntertainmentOrRecreationOrganization #$ConstructionRepairOrMaintenanceOrganization) (#$disjointWith #$EntertainmentOrRecreationOrganization #$Court-Judicial) (#$disjointWith #$EntertainmentOrRecreationOrganization #$FinancialOrganization) (#$disjointWith #$EntertainmentOrRecreationOrganization #$HealthcareOrganization) (#$disjointWith #$EntertainmentOrRecreationOrganization #$InsuranceOrganization) (#$disjointWith #$EntertainmentOrRecreationOrganization #$ManufacturingOrganization) (#$disjointWith #$EntertainmentOrRecreationOrganization #$MilitaryOrganization) (#$disjointWith #$EntertainmentOrRecreationOrganization #$TransportationOrganization) (#$disjointWith #$EntertainmentOrRecreationOrganization #$TravelOrganization) (#$genls #$EntertainmentOrRecreationOrganization #$Individual) (#$genls #$EntertainmentOrRecreationOrganization #$Organization) (#$genls #$EntertainmentOrRecreationOrganization (#$CollectionUnionFn (#$TheSet #$EntertainmentOrRecreationOrganization #$Entertainer))) (#$isa #$EntertainmentOrRecreationOrganization #$ExistingObjectType) (#$isa #$EntertainmentOrRecreationOrganization #$OrganizationTypeByIndustry) (#$comment #$EntertainmentPerformance "A specialization of #$EntertainmentEvent. Each instance of this collection is a public or private performance with artistic or entertainment value (#$performedBy instances of #$Artist-Performer) arranged in order for some audience to witness and enjoy it. Examples include #$PlayPerformances, street performances, #$BalletDancePerformances, #$MovieShowings. Note: Movies are included even though the performers aren't performing at the same point in space-time as the performance is occurring. But still photographs are not included, since one would not generally call the viewing of a photograph an instance of #$EntertainmentEvent.") (#$genls #$EntertainmentPerformance #$EntertainmentEvent) (#$genls #$EntertainmentPerformance #$Event-Organized) (#$genls #$EntertainmentPerformance #$Individual) (#$genls #$EntertainmentPerformance #$InformationBearingThing) (#$genls #$EntertainmentPerformance #$ServiceEvent) (#$genls #$EntertainmentPerformance #$SocialGathering) (#$isa #$EntertainmentPerformance #$DefaultDisjointScriptType) (#$isa #$EntertainmentPerformance #$ProductType) (#$siblingDisjointExceptions #$EntertainmentPerformance #$Transaction) (#$comment #$Enthusiasm "Support and excitement towards a thing that is considered worthwhile") (#$genls #$Enthusiasm #$Excitement) (#$isa #$Enthusiasm #$AtemporalNecessarilyEssentialCollectionType) (#$isa #$Enthusiasm #$FeelingType) (#$comment #$Entity "A specialization of #$SomethingExisting. Each instance of #$Entity is a 'maximal' instance of #$SomethingExisting, in the sense that there cannot be another #$SomethingExisting of which that instance is merely a sub-abstraction (see #$subAbstractions). So #$AlbertEinstein is an entity, but AlbertEinsteinWhileAtPrinceton is not, since AlbertEinsteinWhileAtPrinceton is a proper sub-abstraction of #$AlbertEinstein. In other words, an #$Entity represents the entire existence of a thing, not just one or more `temporal chunks' or #$timeSlices of a thing.") (#$genls #$Entity #$SomethingExisting) (#$isa #$Entity #$TemporalObjectType) (#$requiredArg1Pred #$Entity #$birthDate) (#$arg1Format #$entitySubAbstractions #$SingleEntry) (#$arg1Isa #$entitySubAbstractions #$Entity) (#$arg2Format #$entitySubAbstractions #$SetTheFormat) (#$arg2Isa #$entitySubAbstractions #$SomethingExisting) (#$argFormat #$entitySubAbstractions 2 #$SetTheFormat) (#$argFormat #$entitySubAbstractions 1 #$SingleEntry) (#$argIsa #$entitySubAbstractions 1 #$Entity) (#$argIsa #$entitySubAbstractions 1 #$Entity) (#$argIsa #$entitySubAbstractions 2 #$SomethingExisting) (#$argIsa #$entitySubAbstractions 2 #$SomethingExisting) (#$arity #$entitySubAbstractions 2) (#$comment #$entitySubAbstractions "(#$entitySubAbstractions ENTITY THING) means that THING, an instance of #$SomethingExisting, is a sub-abstraction of the #$Entity ENTITY (and so (#$subAbstractions ENTITY THING) holds). Note that each instance of #$SomethingExisting will generally have a unique #$Entity of which it is a sub-abstraction. For example, (#$entitySubAbstractions AlbertEinstein AlbertEinsteinWhileAtPrinceton).") (#$genlPreds #$entitySubAbstractions #$subAbstractions) (#$isa #$entitySubAbstractions #$FunctionalPredicate) (#$isa #$entitySubAbstractions #$InterExistingObjectPredicate) (#$isa #$entitySubAbstractions #$NonPhysicalPartPredicate) (#$isa #$entitySubAbstractions #$ReflexiveBinaryPredicate) (#$strictlyFunctionalInArgs #$entitySubAbstractions 1) (#$typedGenlPreds #$entitySubAbstractions #$subAbstractions) (#$comment #$EnvelopingCovering "The collection of coverings which envelope closely the object being covered") (#$genls #$EnvelopingCovering #$Covering-Object) (#$genls #$EnvelopingCovering #$Individual) (#$isa #$EnvelopingCovering #$ExistingObjectType) (#$genls #$Envy #$Resentment) (#$isa #$Envy #$AtemporalNecessarilyEssentialCollectionType) (#$isa #$Envy #$FeelingType) (#$arg1Isa #$ephemeralTerm #$CycLReifiableDenotationalTerm) (#$argIsa #$ephemeralTerm 1 #$CycLReifiableDenotationalTerm) (#$argIsa #$ephemeralTerm 1 #$CycLReifiableDenotationalTerm) (#$arity #$ephemeralTerm 1) (#$comment #$ephemeralTerm "(#$ephemeralTerm TERM) states that TERM is a term that only has meaning in this particular copy of the knowledge base. A such, it can be viewed as an ephemeral concept which could likely be forgotten at some future point in time, perhaps by an explicit 'forgetting' process. See also #$termDependsOn.") (#$isa #$ephemeralTerm #$BookkeepingPredicate) (#$isa #$ephemeralTerm #$CoreImplementationConstant) (#$isa #$ephemeralTerm #$UnaryPredicate) (#$comment #$EqualityReasoningMt "This microtheory is being used as a repository of vocabulary and rules to facilitate equality reasoning.") (#$genlMt #$EqualityReasoningMt #$BaseKB) (#$genlMt #$EqualityReasoningMt #$EqualityReasoningVocabularyMt) (#$isa #$EqualityReasoningMt #$GeneralMicrotheory) (#$isa #$EqualityReasoningMt #$TheoryMicrotheory) (#$comment #$EqualityReasoningVocabularyMt "The #$VocabularyMicrotheory for #$EqualityReasoningMt") (#$genlMt #$EqualityReasoningVocabularyMt #$BaseKB) (#$isa #$EqualityReasoningVocabularyMt #$VocabularyMicrotheory) (#$arg1Format #$equals #$singleEntryFormatInArgs) (#$arg1Isa #$equals #$Thing) (#$arg2Format #$equals #$singleEntryFormatInArgs) (#$arg2Isa #$equals #$Thing) (#$argFormat #$equals 1 #$singleEntryFormatInArgs) (#$argFormat #$equals 2 #$singleEntryFormatInArgs) (#$argIsa #$equals 1 #$Thing) (#$argIsa #$equals 1 #$Thing) (#$argIsa #$equals 1 #$Thing) (#$argIsa #$equals 2 #$Thing) (#$argIsa #$equals 2 #$Thing) (#$argIsa #$equals 2 #$Thing) (#$arity #$equals 2) (#$arity #$equals 2) (#$comment #$equals "The binary identity relation. (#$equals THING1 THING2) means that THING1 and THING2 are \"numerically\" (as opposed to \"qualitatively\") identical, i.e. they are one and the same thing. A sentence of the above form is true if and only if the terms occupying the two argument-places of `#$equals' denote the same thing.") (#$genlInverse #$equals #$equals) (#$genlPredsWRTTypes #$equals #$coExtensional #$Collection #$Collection) (#$genlPredsWRTTypes #$equals #$coextensionalSetOrCollections #$SetOrCollection #$SetOrCollection) (#$genlPredsWRTTypes #$equals #$cotemporal #$TemporalThing #$TemporalThing) (#$isa #$equals #$DefaultMonotonicPredicate) (#$isa #$equals #$EquivalenceRelation) (#$isa #$equals #$LogicalTruthConstant) (#$isa #$equals #$Predicate) (#$isa #$equals #$StrictlyFunctionalSlot) (#$strictlyFunctionalInArgs #$equals 1) (#$strictlyFunctionalInArgs #$equals 2) (#$minimizeExtent #$equals) (#$arg1Isa #$equalStrings-CaseInsensitive #$CharacterString) (#$arg2Isa #$equalStrings-CaseInsensitive #$CharacterString) (#$argIsa #$equalStrings-CaseInsensitive 1 #$CharacterString) (#$argIsa #$equalStrings-CaseInsensitive 1 #$CharacterString) (#$argIsa #$equalStrings-CaseInsensitive 2 #$CharacterString) (#$argIsa #$equalStrings-CaseInsensitive 2 #$CharacterString) (#$arity #$equalStrings-CaseInsensitive 2) (#$comment #$equalStrings-CaseInsensitive "(#$equalStrings-CaseInsensitive STRING1 STRING2) means that the #$CharacterStrings STRING1 and STRING2 contain the same characters in the same order, although some of the characters in STRING1 may differ in case from some of the characters in STRING2. For example, (#$equalStrings-CaseInsensitive \"Foo\" \"fOo\") holds.") (#$isa #$equalStrings-CaseInsensitive #$BinaryPredicate) (#$isa #$equalStrings-CaseInsensitive #$CoreConstant) (#$isa #$equalStrings-CaseInsensitive #$IntangibleObjectRelatingPredicate) (#$arg1Isa #$equalSymbols #$Thing) (#$arg2Isa #$equalSymbols #$Thing) (#$argIsa #$equalSymbols 1 #$Thing) (#$argIsa #$equalSymbols 1 #$Thing) (#$argIsa #$equalSymbols 2 #$Thing) (#$argIsa #$equalSymbols 2 #$Thing) (#$arity #$equalSymbols 2) (#$comment #$equalSymbols "This binary predicate, both of whose arguments are #$quotedArguments, can be used to make identity assertions about symbols. Stated loosely, (#$equalSymbols X Y) means that X and Y are one and the same symbol. Given that the arguments are \"quoted\", however, it is more accurate to say: A GAF consisting of the expression `#$equalSymbols' followed by CycL expressions A and B (all enclosed within a pair of parentheses) is true if and only if A and B are (two occurrences of) the same expression. Note that this is stronger than merely saying that A and B denote the same thing. As an example (using English expressions for convenience), the name `Bertrand Russell' and the description `the author of \"On Denoting\"' are two different expressions, even though they both denote the same person. Two symbols can even share the same intensional meaning and still be different symbols; e.g. `bachelor' and `unmarried male'. The relation #$equalSymbols does hold, however, between `bachelor' and `bachelor' (at least if we pretend that `bachelor' is a CycL expression), as it does between the CycL constant `#$BertrandRussell' and the Cycl constant `#$BertrandRussell'. See also #$differentSymbols and #$equals.") (#$genlInverse #$equalSymbols #$equalSymbols) (#$genlPreds #$equalSymbols #$equals) (#$isa #$equalSymbols #$CoreConstant) (#$isa #$equalSymbols #$EquivalenceRelation) (#$quotedArgument #$equalSymbols 1) (#$quotedArgument #$equalSymbols 2) (#$arg1Isa #$equatable #$TheTerm) (#$arg2Isa #$equatable #$TheTerm) (#$argIsa #$equatable 1 #$TheTerm) (#$argIsa #$equatable 1 #$TheTerm) (#$argIsa #$equatable 2 #$TheTerm) (#$argIsa #$equatable 2 #$TheTerm) (#$arity #$equatable 2) (#$comment #$equatable "(#$equatable TT1 TT2) indicates that the two #$TheTerms, TT1 and TT2, can bind to each other. One case of this is when TT1 and TT2 are #$LogicalFields which are allowed to join due to a #$joinDependency.") (#$isa #$equatable #$BinaryPredicate) (#$comment #$Equator "The #$LatitudeLine which has exactly 90 degrees' separation from the North and South Poles. #$LatitudeLines are conventionally measured by their separation from the #$Equator in degrees, minutes, and seconds.") (#$isa #$Equator #$Individual) (#$isa #$Equator #$LatitudeLine) (#$isa #$Equator #$Place-NonAgent) (#$comment #$Equiangular "A #$TwoDimensionalShapeType that is a specialization of #$Polygon. Each instance of #$Equiangular is a polygon-shaped object such that all of the angles between its adjacent edges (see #$angleBetweenEdges) have the same measure.") (#$genls #$Equiangular #$Polygon) (#$isa #$Equiangular #$Collection) (#$isa #$Equiangular #$TwoDimensionalShapeType) (#$siblingDisjointExceptions #$Equiangular #$Decagon) (#$siblingDisjointExceptions #$Equiangular #$EquilateralShaped) (#$siblingDisjointExceptions #$Equiangular #$Hexagon) (#$siblingDisjointExceptions #$Equiangular #$Octagon) (#$siblingDisjointExceptions #$Equiangular #$Quadrilateral) (#$siblingDisjointExceptions #$Equiangular #$Rhombus) (#$comment #$EquilateralShaped "The collection of all polygon-shaped objects each of whose edges has the same length.") (#$genls #$EquilateralShaped #$Individual) (#$genls #$EquilateralShaped #$Polygon) (#$isa #$EquilateralShaped #$ShapeType) (#$isa #$EquilateralShaped #$TwoDimensionalShapeType) (#$arg1Isa #$equiv #$ELSentence-Assertible) (#$arg2Isa #$equiv #$ELSentence-Assertible) (#$argIsa #$equiv 1 #$ELSentence-Assertible) (#$argIsa #$equiv 1 #$ELSentence-Assertible) (#$argIsa #$equiv 2 #$ELSentence-Assertible) (#$argIsa #$equiv 2 #$ELSentence-Assertible) (#$arity #$equiv 2) (#$comment #$equiv "A #$LogicalConnective that represents bi-directional implication in #$CycL. It takes two arguments, each of which must be an instance of #$ELSentence-Assertible. (#$equiv FORMULA-1 FORMULA-2) means that FORMULA-1 is true precisely when FORMULA-2 is true; in other words, FORMULA-1 is true if and only if FORMULA-2 is true. (An EL #$equiv formula is translated during canonicalization into an equivalent, less compact, conjunction of #$implies formulas.) See also the predicate #$sentenceEquiv.") (#$isa #$equiv #$AssociativeRelation) (#$isa #$equiv #$BinaryRelation) (#$isa #$equiv #$CommutativeRelation) (#$isa #$equiv #$CoreConstant) (#$isa #$equiv #$ELRelation) (#$isa #$equiv #$LogicalConnective) (#$resultIsa #$equiv #$ELSentence-Assertible) (#$collectionIntersection #$EquivalenceRelation (#$TheSet #$TransitiveBinaryPredicate #$ReflexiveBinaryPredicate #$SymmetricBinaryPredicate)) (#$comment #$EquivalenceRelation "A #$BinaryPredicateTypeByLogicalFeature that is the \"intersection\" (see #$collectionIntersection) of #$ReflexiveBinaryPredicate, #$SymmetricBinaryPredicate, and #$TransitiveBinaryPredicate (qq.v.). A binary predicate is an instance of #$EquivalenceRelation if and only if it is reflexive, symmetric, and transitive. An equivalence relation EQUIV picks out one or more (pairwise disjoint and mutually exhaustive) \"equivalence classes\" within its domain DOM (i.e. the class of all things that stand in the EQUIV relation), where each member of a given equivalence class is related by EQUIV to every other member of that class, and is related by EQUIV to nothing else. A simple example of an equivalence relation is \"the-same-color-as\", applied to the squares on a particular chess board. This relation partitions (see #$partitionedInto) the squares into two equivalence classes: the class of white squares and the class of black squares. Other examples of equivalence relations include #$equals, #$temporalBoundsIdentical, and #$levelWith.") (#$genls #$EquivalenceRelation #$ReflexiveBinaryPredicate) (#$genls #$EquivalenceRelation #$ReflexiveBinaryPredicate) (#$genls #$EquivalenceRelation #$SymmetricBinaryPredicate) (#$genls #$EquivalenceRelation #$SymmetricBinaryPredicate) (#$genls #$EquivalenceRelation #$TransitiveBinaryPredicate) (#$genls #$EquivalenceRelation #$TransitiveBinaryPredicate) (#$isa #$EquivalenceRelation #$AtemporalNecessarilyEssentialCollectionType) (#$isa #$EquivalenceRelation #$BinaryPredicateTypeByLogicalFeature) (#$isa #$EquivalenceRelation #$PredicateCategory) (#$arg1Isa #$equivPredsWRTTypes #$BinaryPredicate) (#$arg2Isa #$equivPredsWRTTypes #$BinaryPredicate) (#$arg3Genl #$equivPredsWRTTypes #$Thing) (#$arg3Isa #$equivPredsWRTTypes #$Collection) (#$arg4Genl #$equivPredsWRTTypes #$Thing) (#$arg4Isa #$equivPredsWRTTypes #$Collection) (#$argGenl #$equivPredsWRTTypes 3 #$Thing) (#$argGenl #$equivPredsWRTTypes 3 #$Thing) (#$argGenl #$equivPredsWRTTypes 4 #$Thing) (#$argGenl #$equivPredsWRTTypes 4 #$Thing) (#$argIsa #$equivPredsWRTTypes 1 #$BinaryPredicate) (#$argIsa #$equivPredsWRTTypes 1 #$BinaryPredicate) (#$argIsa #$equivPredsWRTTypes 2 #$BinaryPredicate) (#$argIsa #$equivPredsWRTTypes 2 #$BinaryPredicate) (#$argIsa #$equivPredsWRTTypes 3 #$Collection) (#$argIsa #$equivPredsWRTTypes 3 #$Collection) (#$argIsa #$equivPredsWRTTypes 4 #$Collection) (#$argIsa #$equivPredsWRTTypes 4 #$Collection) (#$arity #$equivPredsWRTTypes 4) (#$comment #$equivPredsWRTTypes "(#$equivPredsWRTTypes BINPRED1 BINPRED2 COL1 COL2) means that if either BINPRED1 or BINPRED2 apply to (INS1 INS2) where INS1 is an instance of COL1 and INS2 is an instance of COL2, then the other one does also. This is a combination of (#$genlPredsWRTTypes BINPRED1 BINPRED2 COL1 COL2) and (#$genlPredsWRTTypes BINPRED2 BINPRED1 COL1 COL2).") (#$genlPreds #$equivPredsWRTTypes #$genlPredsWRTTypes) (#$isa #$equivPredsWRTTypes #$DefaultMonotonicPredicate) (#$isa #$equivPredsWRTTypes #$MetaPredicate) (#$isa #$equivPredsWRTTypes #$QuaternaryPredicate) (#$isa #$equivPredsWRTTypes #$RuleMacroPredicate) (#$arg1Isa #$EscapeQuote #$CycLTerm) (#$arg1Isa #$EscapeQuote #$CycLTerm) (#$argIsa #$EscapeQuote 1 #$CycLTerm) (#$argIsa #$EscapeQuote 1 #$CycLTerm) (#$argIsa #$EscapeQuote 1 #$CycLTerm) (#$arity #$EscapeQuote 1) (#$comment #$EscapeQuote "The symbol `#$EscapeQuote' is used in conjunction with the symbol `#$Quote' (see #$Quote) as a device for indicating that the free variables occurring within its scope (i.e. inside a certain CycL term that is also inside the wider scope of an occurrence of `#$Quote') are not to be interpreted as being quoted themselves -- that these variables are \"exempt\" from, or have \"escaped\", the quotational device that captures the other terms within its scope. An occurrence of `#$EscapeQuote' must itself be inside the scope of an occurrence of `#$Quote' (and not inside the scope of another occurrence of `#$EscapeQuote' that is itself inside the scope of the aforementioned occurrence of `#$Quote'), or the result is not a syntactically well-formed formula (see #$CycLExpression). `#$EscapeQuote''s argument-place is \"implicitly quoted\" (see #$quotedArgument), and thus its argument is in all cases to be interpreted as a #$CycLTerm itself (as opposed to what, if anything, that term denotes outside of quotational contexts). An expression of the form (#$Quote ... (#$EscapeQuote TERM) ...) that contains only one occurrence of `#$EscapeQuote' denotes the same thing that the corresponding expression (#$Quote ... TERM ...) denotes, with the proviso that any free occurrence of a variable in TERM is to be interpreted as still being a genuinely free variable-occurrence with respect to TERM's occurrence within (#$Quote ... (#$EscapeQuote TERM) ...). This is in contrast with the interpretation of those same variables within the (`#$EscapeQuote'-free) context of (#$Quote ... TERM ...), where they are taken to be ordinary quoted parts of a quoted whole (and thus do not function as variables, but as quoted-names of variables -- i.e. as terms that denote variables). The purpose of the `#$EscapeQuote' device is to enable \"quantifying into\" quoted contexts: to provide a coherent interpretation of formulas in which an occurrence of a #$Quantifier (or other #$ScopingRelation) that is outside the scope of a given occurrence of `#$Quote' can be viewed as binding occurrences of variables that are _inside_ the scope of that `#$Quote'. For further explanation of how the use of `#$EscapeQuote' facilitates quantifying into quoted contexts, see the shared #$NoteAboutQuotingInCycL. Note that, despite (temporary) appearances to the contrary, `#$EscapeQuote' (like `#$Quote' itself) should _not_ be thought of as actually standing for a function. It should instead be viewed as a syncategorematic symbol like (e.g.) the left-parenthesis: it is part of the CycL grammar, but is not a denoting term in its own right. Thus the #$isa, #$argIsa, and #$resultIsa assertions involving `#$EscapeQuote' are not literally true; they have been provisionally asserted for the purely pragmatic reason that this currently greatly facilitates \"wff-checking\" (i.e. automatic testing for whether an expression is a syntactically and semantically well-formed formula; see #$CycLExpression-Assertible). For an explanation of _why_ `#$Quote' and `#$EscapeQuote' are treated as syncategorematic rather than function-denoting, again see the shared #$NoteAboutQuotingInCycL. See also #$denotes, #$quotedIsa, and #$quotedArgument.") (#$isa #$EscapeQuote #$CycLExpression) (#$isa #$EscapeQuote #$LogicalTruthConstant) (#$isa #$EscapeQuote #$UnaryFunction) (#$isa #$EscapeQuote #$UnaryFunction) (#$isa #$EscapeQuote #$UnreifiableFunction) (#$isa #$EscapeQuote #$UnreifiableFunction) (#$isa #$EscapeQuote #$UnreifiableFunction) (#$resultIsa #$EscapeQuote #$CycLTerm) (#$resultIsa #$EscapeQuote #$CycLTerm) (#$resultIsa #$EscapeQuote #$Thing) (#$sharedNotes #$EscapeQuote #$NoteAboutQuotingInCycL) (#$arg1Isa #$ethnicGroupsHere #$GeopoliticalEntity) (#$arg1Isa #$ethnicGroupsHere #$GeopoliticalEntity) (#$arg2Format #$ethnicGroupsHere #$SetTheFormat) (#$arg2Genl #$ethnicGroupsHere #$Person) (#$arg2Genl #$ethnicGroupsHere #$Person) (#$arg2Isa #$ethnicGroupsHere #$PersonTypeByEthnicity) (#$arg2Isa #$ethnicGroupsHere #$PersonTypeByEthnicity) (#$argFormat #$ethnicGroupsHere 2 #$SetTheFormat) (#$argGenl #$ethnicGroupsHere 2 #$Person) (#$argGenl #$ethnicGroupsHere 2 #$Person) (#$argGenl #$ethnicGroupsHere 2 #$Person) (#$argIsa #$ethnicGroupsHere 1 #$GeopoliticalEntity) (#$argIsa #$ethnicGroupsHere 1 #$GeopoliticalEntity) (#$argIsa #$ethnicGroupsHere 1 #$GeopoliticalEntity) (#$argIsa #$ethnicGroupsHere 2 #$PersonTypeByEthnicity) (#$argIsa #$ethnicGroupsHere 2 #$PersonTypeByEthnicity) (#$argIsa #$ethnicGroupsHere 2 #$PersonTypeByEthnicity) (#$arity #$ethnicGroupsHere 2) (#$comment #$ethnicGroupsHere "(#$ethnicGroupsHere PLACE PERSONTYPE) means that people of the ethnic group PERSONTYPE inhabit the territory of the #$GeopoliticalEntity, PLACE.") (#$genlPreds #$ethnicGroupsHere #$inhabitantTypes) (#$isa #$ethnicGroupsHere #$BinaryPredicate) (#$transitiveViaArg #$ethnicGroupsHere #$genls 2) (#$transitiveViaArgInverse #$ethnicGroupsHere #$geographicalSubRegions 1) (#$arg1Format #$ethnicity #$SetTheFormat) (#$arg1Isa #$ethnicity #$Person) (#$arg1Isa #$ethnicity #$Person) (#$arg2Format #$ethnicity #$SetTheFormat) (#$arg2Genl #$ethnicity #$Person) (#$arg2Genl #$ethnicity #$Person) (#$arg2Isa #$ethnicity #$PersonTypeByEthnicity) (#$arg2Isa #$ethnicity #$PersonTypeByEthnicity) (#$argFormat #$ethnicity 1 #$SetTheFormat) (#$argFormat #$ethnicity 2 #$SetTheFormat) (#$argGenl #$ethnicity 2 #$Person) (#$argGenl #$ethnicity 2 #$Person) (#$argGenl #$ethnicity 2 #$Person) (#$argIsa #$ethnicity 1 #$Person) (#$argIsa #$ethnicity 1 #$Person) (#$argIsa #$ethnicity 1 #$Person) (#$argIsa #$ethnicity 2 #$PersonTypeByEthnicity) (#$argIsa #$ethnicity 2 #$PersonTypeByEthnicity) (#$argIsa #$ethnicity 2 #$PersonTypeByEthnicity) (#$arity #$ethnicity 2) (#$comment #$ethnicity "(#$ethnicity PERSON GROUPTYPE) means that the instance of #$Person PERSON belongs to the instance of #$EthnicGroupType GROUPTYPE. For example, (#$ethnicity #$JohnWilkesBooth #$CensusGroupOfCaucasians). Note that an instance of #$Person may belong to more than one instance of #$EthnicGroupType.") (#$genlPreds #$ethnicity #$isa) (#$isa #$ethnicity #$BinaryPredicate) (#$isa #$ethnicity #$CollectionPredicate) (#$typedGenlPreds #$ethnicity #$isa) (#$comment #$EuclideanSpaceVocabularyMt "The #$VocabularyMicrotheory for #$EuclideanSpaceMt.") (#$genlMt #$EuclideanSpaceVocabularyMt #$BaseKB) (#$genlMt #$EuclideanSpaceVocabularyMt #$GeometryGVocabularyMt) (#$isa #$EuclideanSpaceVocabularyMt #$VocabularyMicrotheory) (#$comment #$EukaryoticCell "A specialization of #$Cell. Each instance of #$EukaryoticCell is a cell that serves as the basic structural unit of a eukaryotic organism. These cells have a membrane-bound nucleus and other organelles. Multicellular Organisms generally have #$EukaryoticCells; #$EukaryoticCell DNA has introns. Certain #$EukaryoticCells, like the red blood corpuscles of #$Persons with heathy #$Spleens, lack nuclei.") (#$genls #$EukaryoticCell #$Cell) (#$genls #$EukaryoticCell #$Individual) (#$isa #$EukaryoticCell #$ExistingObjectType) (#$comment #$EukaryoticOrganism "#$EukaryoticOrganism is a specialization of #$Organism-Whole. Each instance of #$EukaryoticOrganism is an organism (individual organism, not type of organism) composed of #$EukaryoticCells (cells which have mitochondria, other organelles, and nuclei containing chromosomes).") (#$genls #$EukaryoticOrganism #$Individual) (#$genls #$EukaryoticOrganism #$Organism-Whole) (#$isa #$EukaryoticOrganism #$ExistingObjectType) (#$isa #$EukaryoticOrganism #$OrganismClassificationType) (#$comment #$Eutheria "#$Eutheria is a specialization of #$Mammal. Each instance of #$Eutheria is a placental mammal; most mammals are members of this collection. #$Eutheria are born live, nurse from their mothers' #$MammaryGlands and live outside their mothers' bodies.") (#$genls #$Eutheria #$Individual) (#$genls #$Eutheria #$Mammal) (#$genls #$Eutheria #$Mammal) (#$isa #$Eutheria #$BiologicalSubclass) (#$isa #$Eutheria #$ExistingObjectType) (#$comment #$EvaluatableFunction "A specialization of both #$EvaluatableRelation and #$Function-Denotational (qq.v.). Each instance of #$EvaluatableFunction is a function that is associated (via #$evaluationDefn) with a piece of HL (\"heuristic level\") code that computes the result of applying the function to arguments for which that function is defined. An evaluation of this sort is carried out, for example, when the system is queried using an #$evaluate (q.v.) sentence. As one might expect, most evaluatable functions are mathematical or syntactic in nature; for, unlike with functions generally, operations on numbers, sets, lists, and strings can in many cases be calculated algorithmically. Examples include #$PlusFn and #$JoinListsFn. The practical result of evaluating a term built from (a constant that denotes) an evaluatable function is another _term_ -- one that has the same denotatum as the former term, but that is syntactically simpler and constitutes a more straightforward way of referring to that denotatum. For example, the term `(#$PlusFn 2 3 4)', when evaluated, results in the term `9'. So if a query using the open sentence `(#$evaluate ?X (#$PlusFn 2 3 4))' is asked, the answer (or \"binding\" for the free variable '?X') returned will be the term `9'. By way of contrast, consider the non-evaluatable function #$BorderBetweenFn and the following arbitrarily-chosen non-atomic term built with its CycL name: `(#$BorderBetweenFn #$France #$Germany)'. As there is no general algorithm for finding simpler or \"standard\" terms for given geographical borders, it is not possible for the Cyc system to \"evaluate\" non-atomic terms like this one.") (#$genls #$EvaluatableFunction #$EvaluatableRelation) (#$genls #$EvaluatableFunction #$EvaluatableRelation) (#$genls #$EvaluatableFunction #$Function-Denotational) (#$genls #$EvaluatableFunction #$UnreifiableFunction) (#$isa #$EvaluatableFunction #$AtemporalNecessarilyEssentialCollectionType) (#$isa #$EvaluatableFunction #$Collection) (#$isa #$EvaluatableFunction #$CoreConstant) (#$isa #$EvaluatableFunction #$FunctionCategory) (#$comment #$EvaluatablePredicate "A specialization of both #$EvaluatableRelation and #$Predicate (qq.v.). Each instance of #$EvaluatablePredicate is a predicate associated (via #$evaluationDefn) with a piece of HL (\"heuristic level\") code that computes the resulting truth-value when the predicate is applied to legal arguments. As one might expect, most evaluatable predicates are mathematical or syntactic in nature; for numbers, sets, lists, and strings are the sorts of things that are related in various ways that can be calculated algorithmically. Examples include #$greaterThan and #$substring. Thus the sentence `(#$greaterThan 3 1)' evaluates to (and so if used to ask a query will return the answer) `#$True'.") (#$genls #$EvaluatablePredicate #$EvaluatableRelation) (#$genls #$EvaluatablePredicate #$EvaluatableRelation) (#$genls #$EvaluatablePredicate #$Predicate) (#$genls #$EvaluatablePredicate #$Predicate) (#$isa #$EvaluatablePredicate #$PredicateCategory) (#$comment #$EvaluatableRelation "A specialization of #$Relation. Each instance of #$EvaluatableRelation is a function or predicate for which there is some piece of system code that can be invoked to evaluate (i.e. to determine the denotation or truth-value of) a closed expression built from that function or predicate (i.e. a closed expression that has the constant that denotes that function or predicate in its initial or \"0th\" argument-place). An evaluation of this sort is carried out, for example, when the system is queried using an #$evaluate (q.v.) sentence. As one might expect, most evaluatable relations are mathematical or syntactic in nature; for numbers, sets, lists, and strings are the sorts of things that are related in various ways that can be calculated algorithmically. Examples include #$PlusFn, #$greaterThan, #$JoinListsFn, and #$substring. In the case of a function that is evaluatable (see #$EvaluatableFunction), the practical result of evaluating the relevant expression is another _term_ -- one that has the same denotatum as the original expression, but that is syntactically simpler and constitutes a more straightforward way of referring to that denotatum. For example, the term `(#$PlusFn (#$Inch 3) (#$Inch 1))', when evaluated, results in the term `(#$Inch 4)'. So if a query using the open sentence `(#$evaluate ?X (#$PlusFn (#$Inch 3) (#$Inch 1)))' is asked, the answer (or \"binding\" for the variable `?X') returned will be the term `(#$Inch 4)'. Evaluating a sentence built from (a constant that denotes) an #$EvaluatablePredicate, on the other hand, yields a _truth-value_. For example, the sentence `(#$greaterThan (#$Inch 3) (#$Inch 1))' evaluates to (and so if used to ask a query will return the answer) `#$True'. The predicate #$evaluationDefn (q.v.) is used to specify the name of the piece of system code used to evaluate expressions formed with a given evaluatable relation.") (#$genls #$EvaluatableRelation #$Relation) (#$genls #$EvaluatableRelation #$Relation) (#$isa #$EvaluatableRelation #$AtemporalNecessarilyEssentialCollectionType) (#$isa #$EvaluatableRelation #$Collection) (#$isa #$EvaluatableRelation #$CoreConstant) (#$isa #$EvaluatableRelation #$RelationshipType) (#$requiredArg1Pred #$EvaluatableRelation #$evaluationDefn) (#$arg1Isa #$evaluate #$Thing) (#$arg2Isa #$evaluate #$ELNonAtomicTerm-Assertible) (#$argIsa #$evaluate 2 #$ELNonAtomicTerm-Assertible) (#$argIsa #$evaluate 2 #$ELNonAtomicTerm-Assertible) (#$argIsa #$evaluate 1 #$Thing) (#$argIsa #$evaluate 1 #$Thing) (#$arity #$evaluate 2) (#$comment #$evaluate "If the arg1 of #$evaluate is a variable, (#$evaluate VAR EXPRESSION) is satisfied by an HL module which evaluates EXPRESSION and binds VAR to the result. For example, (#$evaluate ?SUM (#$PlusFn 1 2)) would bind ?SUM to 3. If the arg1 is a fully-bound expression, then the HL module checks to see if the arg2 evaluates to the arg1. For example, asking (#$evaluate 3 (#$PlusFn 1 2)) returns #$True.") (#$isa #$evaluate #$BinaryPredicate) (#$isa #$evaluate #$CoreImplementationConstant) (#$quotedArgument #$evaluate 2) (#$arg1Isa #$evaluateAtEL #$EvaluatableFunction) (#$argIsa #$evaluateAtEL 1 #$EvaluatableFunction) (#$argIsa #$evaluateAtEL 1 #$EvaluatableFunction) (#$arity #$evaluateAtEL 1) (#$comment #$evaluateAtEL "(#$evaluateAtEL FUNCTION) means that the canonicalizer will translate each non-atomic term (see the collection #$CycLNonAtomicTerm) whose initial (or \"0th\" argument-place) term denotes FUNCTION into the value to which the non-atomic term evaluates. For example, if (#$evaluateAtEL #$PlusFn) holds in a #$Microtheory MT, then the non-atomic term `(#$PlusFn 2 3 4)' will canonicalize as `9' in that MT. Note that a non-atomic term containing a nested non-atomic term whose initial term denotes another instance of #$EvaluatableFunction (call that instance OTHER-FUNCTION) will not canonicalize in this way, unless (#$evaluateAtEL OTHER-FUNCTION) is also true in MT. For example, `(#$PlusFn 2 (#$DifferenceFn 3 4))' will not canonicalize as `1' in MT unless (#$evaluateAtEL #$DifferenceFn) is also true in MT.") (#$isa #$evaluateAtEL #$CoreImplementationConstant) (#$isa #$evaluateAtEL #$UnaryPredicate) (#$arg1Isa #$EvaluateSubLFn #$SubLExpression) (#$argIsa #$EvaluateSubLFn 1 #$SubLExpression) (#$argIsa #$EvaluateSubLFn 1 #$SubLExpression) (#$arity #$EvaluateSubLFn 1) (#$comment #$EvaluateSubLFn "(#$EvaluateSubLFn SUBL) denotes the SubL term resulting from the invocation of the SubL EVAL facility on the expression SUBL. For example, (#$EvaluateSubLFn (#$ExpandSubLFn () (+ 1 2))) evaluates to 3. See #$ExpandSubLFn for a way to denote SubL within CycL. See also #$trueSubL.") (#$isa #$EvaluateSubLFn #$CoreImplementationConstant) (#$isa #$EvaluateSubLFn #$EvaluatableFunction) (#$isa #$EvaluateSubLFn #$UnaryFunction) (#$resultIsa #$EvaluateSubLFn #$Thing) (#$resultIsa #$EvaluateSubLFn #$Thing) (#$comment #$Evaluating "A specialization of #$PurposefulAction. Each instance of this collection is an event in which at least one agent evaluates some thing or situation. Notable specializations of #$Evaluating include #$MeasuringSomething, #$MedicalTesting, and #$Navigating.") (#$genls #$Evaluating #$Event) (#$genls #$Evaluating #$Individual) (#$genls #$Evaluating #$IntentionalMentalEvent) (#$genls #$Evaluating #$PurposefulAction) (#$isa #$Evaluating #$DefaultDisjointScriptType) (#$isa #$Evaluating #$TemporalObjectType) (#$keStrongSuggestionPreds #$Evaluating #$evaluee-Direct) (#$requiredArg1Pred #$Evaluating #$evaluationInput) (#$requiredArg1Pred #$Evaluating #$subjectOfEvaluation) (#$siblingDisjointExceptions #$Evaluating #$AccessingAnIBT) (#$siblingDisjointExceptions #$Evaluating #$MakingSomething) (#$siblingDisjointExceptions #$Evaluating #$Research) (#$siblingDisjointExceptions #$Evaluating #$TakingCareOfSomething) (#$arg1Isa #$evaluationDefn #$EvaluatableRelation) (#$arg2Format #$evaluationDefn #$SingleEntry) (#$arg2Isa #$evaluationDefn #$SubLSymbol) (#$argFormat #$evaluationDefn 2 #$SingleEntry) (#$argIsa #$evaluationDefn 1 #$EvaluatableRelation) (#$argIsa #$evaluationDefn 1 #$EvaluatableRelation) (#$argIsa #$evaluationDefn 2 #$SubLSymbol) (#$argIsa #$evaluationDefn 2 #$SubLSymbol) (#$arity #$evaluationDefn 2) (#$comment #$evaluationDefn "The Cyc predicate #$evaluationDefn is used to relate an evaluatable Cyc function or predicate to the name of the piece of code that is used to evaluate it. (#$evaluationDefn E-REL NAME) means that the #$SubLSymbol NAME is the name of a piece of Heuristic Level (SubL) code in the Cyc system which is used to compute the value of expressions containing the #$EvaluatableRelation E-REL.") (#$isa #$evaluationDefn #$BookkeepingPredicate) (#$isa #$evaluationDefn #$CoreImplementationConstant) (#$isa #$evaluationDefn #$CycInferenceDescriptorPredicate) (#$isa #$evaluationDefn #$DefaultMonotonicPredicate) (#$isa #$evaluationDefn #$InferenceRelatedBookkeepingPredicate) (#$isa #$evaluationDefn #$IntangibleObjectPredicate) (#$isa #$evaluationDefn #$IntangibleObjectRelatingPredicate) (#$isa #$evaluationDefn #$StrictlyFunctionalSlot) (#$relationAllExists #$evaluationDefn #$EvaluatableRelation #$SubLSymbol) (#$strictlyFunctionalInArgs #$evaluationDefn 2) (#$arg1Isa #$evaluationInput #$Evaluating) (#$arg1Isa #$evaluationInput #$Evaluating) (#$arg2Format #$evaluationInput #$SetTheFormat) (#$arg2Isa #$evaluationInput #$Thing) (#$arg2Isa #$evaluationInput #$Thing) (#$argFormat #$evaluationInput 2 #$SetTheFormat) (#$argIsa #$evaluationInput 1 #$Evaluating) (#$argIsa #$evaluationInput 1 #$Evaluating) (#$argIsa #$evaluationInput 1 #$Evaluating) (#$argIsa #$evaluationInput 2 #$Thing) (#$argIsa #$evaluationInput 2 #$Thing) (#$argIsa #$evaluationInput 2 #$Thing) (#$arity #$evaluationInput 2) (#$comment #$evaluationInput "(#$evaluationInput EVAL OBJ) means that in the instance of #$Evaluating, EVAL, information about OBJ is evaluated. The performer (#$performedBy) of the evaluation must be #$awareOf OBJ. If the result EVAL is one or more assertions about OBJ (see #$subjectOfEvaluation), use the more specific predicate, #$evaluee-Direct. For example, in a reading of animal tracks at a water hole, the tracks are an #$evaluationInput, but not a #$subjectOfEvaluation.") (#$genlPreds #$evaluationInput #$objectOfMentalSituation) (#$isa #$evaluationInput #$BinaryRolePredicate) (#$relationAllExists #$evaluationInput #$Evaluating #$TemporalThing) (#$relationAllExists #$evaluationInput #$Evaluating #$Thing) (#$arg1Isa #$evaluee-Direct #$Evaluating) (#$arg2Isa #$evaluee-Direct #$Thing) (#$argIsa #$evaluee-Direct 1 #$Evaluating) (#$argIsa #$evaluee-Direct 1 #$Evaluating) (#$argIsa #$evaluee-Direct 2 #$Thing) (#$argIsa #$evaluee-Direct 2 #$Thing) (#$arity #$evaluee-Direct 2) (#$comment #$evaluee-Direct "The predicate #$evaluee-Direct relates a particular process of evaluation to the thing which is being evaluated in that process. (#$evaluee-Direct EVAL OBJ) means that OBJ is both an input being considered (#$evaluationInput) during the instance of #$Evaluating, EVAL, and the thing about which information is concluded. As examples: each contestant for Miss America 1996 is an #$evaluee-Direct in the 1996 Miss America Pageant; I am the #$evaluee-Direct in my annual employee review. A borderline example is an instance of #$PhysicalDevice being the #$evaluee-Direct in the research phase of an article for a Consumer Report article; Although information about the specific device was determined, that device was being used as a prototype in order to determine information about a specific type of device.") (#$genlPreds #$evaluee-Direct #$evaluationInput) (#$genlPreds #$evaluee-Direct #$subjectOfEvaluation) (#$genlPredsWRTTypes #$evaluee-Direct #$preActors #$Evaluating #$SomethingExisting) (#$isa #$evaluee-Direct #$BinaryPredicate) (#$isa #$evaluee-Direct #$BinaryRolePredicate) (#$relationAllExists #$evaluee-Direct #$MeasuringSomething #$Thing) (#$comment #$Evaporating "A specialization of #$StateOfMatterChangeEvent. In each instance of #$Evaporating, something in liquid form (i.e., an instance of #$Liquid-StateOfMatter) is converted to vapor (and thus becomes an instance of #$Gaseous-StateOfMatter).") (#$genls #$Evaporating #$Individual) (#$genls #$Evaporating #$StateOfMatterChangeEvent) (#$isa #$Evaporating #$DefaultDisjointScriptType) (#$isa #$Evaporating #$TemporalObjectType) (#$comment #$Evening "Each #$Evening is started by a #$Dusk and is #$temporallyCoterminal with the #$CalendarDay it's a part of. Each #$Evening is #$contiguousAfter an #$Afternoon, and each #$Overnight is #$contiguousAfter an #$Evening.") (#$disjointWith #$Evening #$Sunrise) (#$genls #$Evening #$Individual) (#$genls #$Evening #$QualitativeTimeOfDay) (#$isa #$Evening #$TemporalObjectType) (#$temporallySubsumes-TypeType #$Evening #$Dusk) (#$comment #$EvenNumber "A specialization of #$Integer. An instance INT of #$Integer is also an instance of #$EvenNumber if and only if INT is divisible (without remainder) by two.") (#$genls #$EvenNumber #$Integer) (#$genls #$EvenNumber #$Integer) (#$isa #$EvenNumber #$AtemporalNecessarilyEssentialCollectionType) (#$isa #$EvenNumber #$TotallyOrderedCollection) (#$comment #$Event "An important specialization of #$Situation-Temporal and #$IntangibleIndividual (qq.v). Each instance of #$Event is a dynamic situation in which the state of the world changes; each instance is something one would say \"happens\". Events are intangible because they consist of changes per se, not tangible objects that effect changes. Instances of #$Event should not be confused with instances of #$TimeInterval (q.v.). The temporal bounds of events are delineated by time intervals, but in contrast to events time intervals have no spatial extent.") (#$disjointWith #$Event #$AbstractInformationalThing) (#$disjointWith #$Event #$BilateralObject) (#$disjointWith #$Event (#$CollectionUnionFn (#$TheSet #$Agent-Generic (#$GroupFn #$Agent-Generic)))) (#$genls #$Event #$Individual) (#$genls #$Event #$Situation-Temporal) (#$isa #$Event #$TemporalStuffType) (#$keStrongSuggestionPreds #$Event #$actors) (#$requiredArg1Pred #$Event #$actors) (#$requiredArg1Pred #$Event #$subEvents) (#$arg1Format #$eventHonors #$SetTheFormat) (#$arg1Isa #$eventHonors #$SocialOccurrence) (#$arg1Isa #$eventHonors #$SocialOccurrence) (#$arg2Format #$eventHonors #$SetTheFormat) (#$arg2Isa #$eventHonors #$Agent) (#$arg2Isa #$eventHonors #$Agent) (#$argFormat #$eventHonors 1 #$SetTheFormat) (#$argFormat #$eventHonors 2 #$SetTheFormat) (#$argIsa #$eventHonors 2 #$Agent) (#$argIsa #$eventHonors 2 #$Agent) (#$argIsa #$eventHonors 2 #$Agent) (#$argIsa #$eventHonors 1 #$SocialOccurrence) (#$argIsa #$eventHonors 1 #$SocialOccurrence) (#$argIsa #$eventHonors 1 #$SocialOccurrence) (#$arity #$eventHonors 2) (#$comment #$eventHonors "(#$eventHonors OCCURRENCE AGENT) means that the #$Agent AGENT is honored or commemorated by the #$SocialOccurrence OCCURRENCE. If AGENT is a living #$Person, then (#$eventHonors OCCURRENCE AGENT) usually implies that AGENT is present at OCCURRENCE. Note that this is the appropriate predicate for relating a #$Funeral to the deceased person for whom the #$Funeral is in honor.") (#$genlPreds #$eventHonors #$highlyRelevantInEvent) (#$isa #$eventHonors #$BinaryPredicate) (#$isa #$eventHonors #$BinaryRolePredicate) (#$minimizeExtent #$eventHonors) (#$comment #$Event-Localized "A specialization of #$Event. Each instance of #$Event-Localized is an event that occurs at a specific location in space. Notable specializations of #$Event-Localized include #$PhysicalEvent and #$AnimalActivity.") (#$genls #$Event-Localized #$Event) (#$genls #$Event-Localized #$Individual) (#$genls #$Event-Localized #$SpatialThing-Localized) (#$isa #$Event-Localized #$TemporalStuffType) (#$keStrongSuggestionPreds #$Event-Localized #$eventOccursAt) (#$arg1Isa #$eventOccursAt #$Event) (#$arg2Format #$eventOccursAt #$SetTheFormat) (#$arg2Isa #$eventOccursAt #$SomethingExisting) (#$arg2Isa #$eventOccursAt #$SpatialThing-Localized) (#$argFormat #$eventOccursAt 2 #$SetTheFormat) (#$argIsa #$eventOccursAt 1 #$Event) (#$argIsa #$eventOccursAt 1 #$Event) (#$argIsa #$eventOccursAt 2 #$SomethingExisting) (#$argIsa #$eventOccursAt 2 #$SomethingExisting) (#$argIsa #$eventOccursAt 2 #$SpatialThing-Localized) (#$argIsa #$eventOccursAt 2 #$SpatialThing-Localized) (#$arity #$eventOccursAt 2) (#$comment #$eventOccursAt "The predicate #$eventOccursAt relates a particular event to the instance of #$SpatialThing-Localized in which it occurs. (#$eventOccursAt EVENT PT) means that the spatial extent of EVENT is within PT. For example, (#$eventOccursAt LomaPrietaEarthquake SanFranciscoBayArea). Use the predicate #$eventPartiallyOccursAt to relate an event to any instance of #$SpatialThing-Localized in which some sub-event of it occurs.") (#$genlPreds #$eventOccursAt #$eventOccursNear) (#$genlPreds #$eventOccursAt #$eventPartiallyOccursAt) (#$genlPreds #$eventOccursAt #$preActors) (#$isa #$eventOccursAt #$ActorSlot) (#$isa #$eventOccursAt #$BinaryPredicate) (#$isa #$eventOccursAt #$IndividualLevelPredicate) (#$relationAllExists #$eventOccursAt #$MovementThroughAir #$Air) (#$relationAllExists #$eventOccursAt #$WeatherEvent #$FreeSpaceContent) (#$relationAllExists #$eventOccursAt #$Event-Localized #$Place) (#$transitiveViaArg #$eventOccursAt #$subEvents 1) (#$transitiveViaArgInverse #$eventOccursAt #$geographicalSubRegions 2) (#$minimizeExtent #$eventOccursAt) (#$arg1Isa #$eventOccursNear #$Event) (#$arg2Isa #$eventOccursNear #$SomethingExisting) (#$arg2Isa #$eventOccursNear #$SpatialThing-Localized) (#$argIsa #$eventOccursNear 1 #$Event) (#$argIsa #$eventOccursNear 1 #$Event) (#$argIsa #$eventOccursNear 2 #$SomethingExisting) (#$argIsa #$eventOccursNear 2 #$SomethingExisting) (#$argIsa #$eventOccursNear 2 #$SpatialThing-Localized) (#$argIsa #$eventOccursNear 2 #$SpatialThing-Localized) (#$arity #$eventOccursNear 2) (#$comment #$eventOccursNear "The predicate #$eventOccursNear relates an event to its approximate location. (#$eventOccursNear EVENT LOC) means that EVENT occurs at or near (see #$near) LOC. #$eventOccursNear is useful when the more exact location is unknown, hard to specify, or not worth reifying; otherwise use #$eventOccursAt. For example, #$eventOccursNear could be used to CycLify \"Bob was cycling by the dam\", \"We played checkers near the TV\", and \"He is standing by the horse's hind legs\". See the #$cyclistNotes for ideas on how to formalize this.") (#$genlPreds #$eventOccursNear #$temporallyIntersects) (#$isa #$eventOccursNear #$ActorSlot) (#$isa #$eventOccursNear #$BinaryPredicate) (#$minimizeExtent #$eventOccursNear) (#$comment #$Event-Organized "A collection of individual events. An event is an instance of #$Event-Organized if it is planned and directed by some instance of #$Person or #$Organization. Elements of #$MusicalPerformance, #$Trial, and #$Bombing would all be instances. Elements of #$Earthquake and #$Breathing would not.") (#$genls #$Event-Organized #$HumanActivity) (#$genls #$Event-Organized #$Individual) (#$isa #$Event-Organized #$TemporalObjectType) (#$arg1Isa #$eventOutcomes #$Event) (#$arg2Isa #$eventOutcomes #$Situation-Temporal) (#$argIsa #$eventOutcomes 1 #$Event) (#$argIsa #$eventOutcomes 1 #$Event) (#$argIsa #$eventOutcomes 2 #$Situation-Temporal) (#$argIsa #$eventOutcomes 2 #$Situation-Temporal) (#$arity #$eventOutcomes 2) (#$comment #$eventOutcomes "The predicate #$eventOutcomes relates a particular event to the situations that follow from it either by causation or by agency (where the first event figures in the agent's reason for the subsequent action). (#$eventOutcomes EVT RESULT) means that, in some sense, RESULT occurred because EVT occurred. #$eventOutcomes is very general and includes RESULTs from #$causes-EventEvent, #$inReactionTo, #$postEvents, and #$postSituation. For knowledge representation, always use the more specific relations where they are known. #$eventOutcomes is useful in querying for the broad range of outcomes of an event.") (#$genlInverse #$eventOutcomes #$startsAfterStartingOf) (#$genlPreds #$eventOutcomes #$eventResults) (#$isa #$eventOutcomes #$AsymmetricBinaryPredicate) (#$isa #$eventOutcomes #$BinaryPredicate) (#$negationInverse #$eventOutcomes #$eventOutcomes) (#$typedGenlPreds #$eventOutcomes #$eventResults) (#$arg1Format #$eventOverlaps #$openEntryFormatInArgs) (#$arg1Isa #$eventOverlaps #$Event) (#$arg2Format #$eventOverlaps #$openEntryFormatInArgs) (#$arg2Isa #$eventOverlaps #$Event) (#$argFormat #$eventOverlaps 1 #$openEntryFormatInArgs) (#$argFormat #$eventOverlaps 2 #$openEntryFormatInArgs) (#$argIsa #$eventOverlaps 1 #$Event) (#$argIsa #$eventOverlaps 1 #$Event) (#$argIsa #$eventOverlaps 2 #$Event) (#$argIsa #$eventOverlaps 2 #$Event) (#$arity #$eventOverlaps 2) (#$comment #$eventOverlaps "This predicate relates overlapping events. (#$eventOverlaps EVENT1 EVENT2) means that EVENT1 and EVENT2 share a common subevent. That is, there is a SUBEVENT such that both (#$subEvents EVENT1 SUBEVENT) and (#$subEvents EVENT2 SUBEVENT) hold.") (#$genlInverse #$eventOverlaps #$eventOverlaps) (#$genlPreds #$eventOverlaps #$temporallyIntersects) (#$isa #$eventOverlaps #$SymmetricBinaryPredicate) (#$arg1Isa #$eventPartiallyOccursAt #$Event) (#$arg2Isa #$eventPartiallyOccursAt #$SomethingExisting) (#$arg2Isa #$eventPartiallyOccursAt #$SpatialThing-Localized) (#$argIsa #$eventPartiallyOccursAt 1 #$Event) (#$argIsa #$eventPartiallyOccursAt 1 #$Event) (#$argIsa #$eventPartiallyOccursAt 2 #$SomethingExisting) (#$argIsa #$eventPartiallyOccursAt 2 #$SomethingExisting) (#$argIsa #$eventPartiallyOccursAt 2 #$SpatialThing-Localized) (#$argIsa #$eventPartiallyOccursAt 2 #$SpatialThing-Localized) (#$arity #$eventPartiallyOccursAt 2) (#$comment #$eventPartiallyOccursAt "A predicate used to state that some part of an event occurs at a certain location. (#$eventPartiallyOccursAt EVENT PLACE) means that some sub-event of that event, SUB-EVENT, is such that (#$eventOccursAt SUB-EVENT PLACE). However, SUB-EVENT need not be reified.") (#$genlPreds #$eventPartiallyOccursAt #$actors) (#$genlPredsWRTTypes #$eventPartiallyOccursAt #$spatiallyRelated #$SpatialThing #$SpatialThing) (#$isa #$eventPartiallyOccursAt #$ActorSlot) (#$comment #$EventPredicate "#$EventPredicate is a collection of predicates that are used to make assertions about events. The representation of events in terms of #$EventPredicates is an alternative to the Davidsonian-style representation of events in which the \"participants\" in events are related to the reified individual events in which they participate (for the representational approach, see #$Role, #$ActorSlot, and #$SubEventPredicate). The first argument to an event predicate will always be the \"agentive force\" in the event. For instance, in the ground atomic formula (#$transports LOTUS-BLOSSUM099 OBJECT056 FROM TO VIA), LOTUS-BLOSSUM099 is the agentive force -- it is what transports OBJECT056. The agentive force need not be a volitional or intelligent agent. It may just be a causal agent. For example, a bacterium, or a mob of bacteria, can be the agentive force in an infection, even though bacteria are not volitional or intelligent agents.") (#$genls #$EventPredicate #$Predicate) (#$genls #$EventPredicate #$SituationPredicate) (#$isa #$EventPredicate #$PredicateCategory) (#$arg1Isa #$eventResults #$Event) (#$arg2Isa #$eventResults #$TemporalThing) (#$argIsa #$eventResults 1 #$Event) (#$argIsa #$eventResults 1 #$Event) (#$argIsa #$eventResults 2 #$TemporalThing) (#$argIsa #$eventResults 2 #$TemporalThing) (#$arity #$eventResults 2) (#$comment #$eventResults "'(#$eventResults EVENT RESULT)' means that RESULT is a #$TemporalThing that in some way came about due to EVENT occurring. This is a very general predicate, and RESULT may be an #$Event caused by EVENT, or a #$SomethingExisting created by EVENT. Also, RESULT may come about directly or indirectly as a result of EVENT.") (#$genlInverse #$eventResults #$startsAfterStartingOf) (#$isa #$eventResults #$AsymmetricBinaryPredicate) (#$isa #$eventResults #$TransitiveBinaryPredicate) (#$negationInverse #$eventResults #$eventResults) (#$arg1Isa #$eventSequence #$List) (#$argIsa #$eventSequence 1 #$List) (#$argIsa #$eventSequence 1 #$List) (#$arity #$eventSequence 1) (#$comment #$eventSequence "(#$eventSequence (#$TheList FORM_1 FORM_2 ... FORM_n)) means that the actions described by the event formulas FORM_i were performed in the order indicated. Each FORM_i should be an atomic formula whose predicate is an instance of #$EventPredicate.") (#$isa #$eventSequence #$UnaryPredicate) (#$comment #$EvergreenPlant "A specialization of #$Plant-Woody. Each instance of #$EvergreenPlant is a plant that retains its leaves or needles throughout all the seasons of the year. See also the collection #$DeciduousPlant.") (#$genls #$EvergreenPlant #$Individual) (#$genls #$EvergreenPlant #$Plant-Woody) (#$isa #$EvergreenPlant #$ExistingObjectType) (#$comment #$EverythingPSC "A problem solving context in which all assertions in the entire KB are visible. This context is only appropriate for use in queries which do not care about the consequences of possible contradictions due to conflicting information from mutually inconsistent microtheories. See also #$InferencePSC.") (#$genlMt #$EverythingPSC #$BaseKB) (#$isa #$EverythingPSC #$CoreImplementationConstant) (#$isa #$EverythingPSC #$ProblemSolvingCntxt) (#$arg1Isa #$exampleAssertions #$CycLReifiableDenotationalTerm) (#$arg2Format #$exampleAssertions #$SetTheFormat) (#$arg2Isa #$exampleAssertions #$CycLAssertion) (#$argFormat #$exampleAssertions 2 #$SetTheFormat) (#$argIsa #$exampleAssertions 2 #$CycLAssertion) (#$argIsa #$exampleAssertions 2 #$CycLAssertion) (#$argIsa #$exampleAssertions 1 #$CycLReifiableDenotationalTerm) (#$argIsa #$exampleAssertions 1 #$CycLReifiableDenotationalTerm) (#$arity #$exampleAssertions 2) (#$comment #$exampleAssertions "(#$exampleAssertions TERM ASSERTION) means that the #$CycLAssertion ASSERTION provides a good example of how to use the #$CycLReifiableDenotationalTerm TERM.") (#$isa #$exampleAssertions #$BinaryPredicate) (#$isa #$exampleAssertions #$CoreConstant) (#$isa #$exampleAssertions #$DocumentationPredicate) (#$isa #$exampleAssertions #$MetaKnowledgePredicate) (#$sharedNotes #$exampleAssertions #$MetaAssertionsForPolyCanonicalizingAssertions) (#$arg1Isa #$exampleNATs #$Function-Denotational) (#$arg2Format #$exampleNATs #$SetTheFormat) (#$arg2Isa #$exampleNATs #$CycLClosedNonAtomicTerm) (#$argFormat #$exampleNATs 2 #$SetTheFormat) (#$argIsa #$exampleNATs 2 #$CycLClosedNonAtomicTerm) (#$argIsa #$exampleNATs 2 #$CycLClosedNonAtomicTerm) (#$argIsa #$exampleNATs 1 #$Function-Denotational) (#$argIsa #$exampleNATs 1 #$Function-Denotational) (#$arity #$exampleNATs 2) (#$comment #$exampleNATs "(#$exampleNATs FN NAT) means that the #$CycLNonAtomicTerm NAT represents a good example of the use of the #$Function-Denotational FN.") (#$genlPreds #$exampleNATs #$termFormulas) (#$isa #$exampleNATs #$BinaryPredicate) (#$isa #$exampleNATs #$DefaultMonotonicPredicate) (#$arg1Isa #$examplePredSentences #$Predicate) (#$arg2Format #$examplePredSentences #$SetTheFormat) (#$arg2Isa #$examplePredSentences #$CycLSentence) (#$arg2Isa #$examplePredSentences #$ELTemplate) (#$argFormat #$examplePredSentences 2 #$SetTheFormat) (#$argIsa #$examplePredSentences 2 #$CycLSentence) (#$argIsa #$examplePredSentences 2 #$CycLSentence) (#$argIsa #$examplePredSentences 2 #$ELTemplate) (#$argIsa #$examplePredSentences 2 #$ELTemplate) (#$argIsa #$examplePredSentences 1 #$Predicate) (#$argIsa #$examplePredSentences 1 #$Predicate) (#$arity #$examplePredSentences 2) (#$comment #$examplePredSentences "(#$examplePredSentences PRED EXPRESSION) means that the #$CycLFormula EXPRESSION represents a good example usage of the #$Predicate PRED.") (#$genlPreds #$examplePredSentences #$termFormulas) (#$interArgReln #$examplePredSentences 1 2 #$termFormulas) (#$isa #$examplePredSentences #$BinaryPredicate) (#$isa #$examplePredSentences #$DefaultMonotonicPredicate) (#$arg1Isa #$examples-Positive #$CycLReifiableDenotationalTerm) (#$arg2Format #$examples-Positive #$SetTheFormat) (#$arg2Isa #$examples-Positive #$SubLString) (#$arg3Isa #$examples-Positive #$SubLString) (#$argFormat #$examples-Positive 2 #$SetTheFormat) (#$argIsa #$examples-Positive 1 #$CycLReifiableDenotationalTerm) (#$argIsa #$examples-Positive 1 #$CycLReifiableDenotationalTerm) (#$argIsa #$examples-Positive 2 #$SubLString) (#$argIsa #$examples-Positive 2 #$SubLString) (#$argIsa #$examples-Positive 3 #$SubLString) (#$argIsa #$examples-Positive 3 #$SubLString) (#$arity #$examples-Positive 3) (#$comment #$examples-Positive "Used to aid in exemplifying appropriate use of a constant. In assertions of the form (#$examples-Positive FORT EXAMPLE COMMENT), EXAMPLE is english text describing a single example which is relevant to the meaning of the #$HLReifiedDenotationalTerm, FORT. COMMENT is optional commentary about that example. If you choose not to include the commentary then use the null string as the value for the third argument. Some examples are classically prototypical. Others are just barely positive and serve to illustrate boundary cases for using FORT. See also #$examples-Negative, #$examples-Borderline.") (#$isa #$examples-Positive #$DocumentationPredicate) (#$isa #$examples-Positive #$TernaryPredicate) (#$arg1Isa #$exceptFor #$CycLReifiableDenotationalTerm) (#$arg2Isa #$exceptFor #$CycLAssertion) (#$argIsa #$exceptFor 2 #$CycLAssertion) (#$argIsa #$exceptFor 2 #$CycLAssertion) (#$argIsa #$exceptFor 1 #$CycLReifiableDenotationalTerm) (#$argIsa #$exceptFor 1 #$CycLReifiableDenotationalTerm) (#$arity #$exceptFor 2) (#$comment #$exceptFor "(#$exceptFor TERM ASSERTION) means that TERM is a thing, about which ASSERTION is known not to hold. #$exceptFor is a special case of #$exceptWhen (q.v.), applicable when ASSERTION has only one universally quantified variable. (#$exceptFor TERM ASSERTION) prevents TERM from binding to that variable, thereby blocking the conclusions about TERM that Cyc might otherwise draw from ASSERTION. In other words, if ASSERTION is an implication, then whatever proposition(s) -- call that Q -- that Cyc might have concluded about TERM from ASSERTION may or may not be true in Cyc, but (due to the exception) they would no longer be justified, even partially, by ASSERTION. Also, assertions made at the EL level with #$exceptFor are canonicalized into statements that do not reference #$exceptFor, but instead reference the predicate #$abnormal (see #$EmptinessOfAbnormalityNote). Note that the exception TERM should be a particular binding for the rule, not a collection, all of whose members the rule does not apply to.") (#$isa #$exceptFor #$BinaryRelation) (#$isa #$exceptFor #$CoreConstant) (#$isa #$exceptFor #$ExceptionRelation) (#$resultIsa #$exceptFor #$ELSentence-Assertible) (#$sharedNotes #$exceptFor #$MetaAssertionsForPolyCanonicalizingAssertions) (#$sharedNotes #$exceptFor #$NoteAboutStatingExceptionsInCycL) (#$comment #$ExceptionRelation "A collection of mathematical objects, which are the #$LogicalConnectives used to express exceptions to rules. Elements include #$exceptWhen and #$exceptFor.") (#$genls #$ExceptionRelation #$MetaKnowledgePredicate) (#$isa #$ExceptionRelation #$AtemporalNecessarilyEssentialCollectionType) (#$isa #$ExceptionRelation #$Collection) (#$isa #$ExceptionRelation #$CoreConstant) (#$isa #$ExceptionRelation #$PredicateCategory) (#$isa #$ExceptionRelation #$RelationshipType) (#$arg1Isa #$exceptWhen #$ELSentence-Assertible) (#$arg2Isa #$exceptWhen #$CycLAssertion) (#$argIsa #$exceptWhen 2 #$CycLAssertion) (#$argIsa #$exceptWhen 2 #$CycLAssertion) (#$argIsa #$exceptWhen 1 #$ELSentence-Assertible) (#$argIsa #$exceptWhen 1 #$ELSentence-Assertible) (#$arity #$exceptWhen 2) (#$comment #$exceptWhen "This predicate relates a general assertion to a condition under which the assertion is known not to hold. More precisely, (#$exceptWhen FORMULA ASSERTION) means that FORMULA gives a condition under which ASSERTION fails to hold, and thus under which ASSERTION should not be used as justification for other inferences. In other words: ASSERTION holds, except (at least) in the case of FORMULA. Normally, ASSERTION is an (implicitly) universally quantified sentence, and FORMULA, in effect, places a restriction on the possible values of the universally quantified variables in ASSERTION. Since implicit universal quantification is interpreted as always having the widest possible scope, in the sentence (#$exceptWhen FORMULA ASSERTION) the \"free\" variables in ASSERTION are interpreted as if bound by quantifiers whose scope included the entire #$exceptWhen sentence. So any such variable in ASSERTION may also appear in FORMULA, and any of its occurrences in the latter are interpreted as if bound by the same wide-scope quantifier that binds the occurrences in ASSERTION. For example, if ASSERTION were (#$implies (#$isa ?THING #$GeographicalThing) (#$thereExists ?OTHER (#$northOf ?OTHER ?THING))) and FORMULA were (#$spatiallySubsumes #$NorthPole ?THING), the occurrence of the variable ?THING in the latter would be interpreted as if it were bound by the same wide-scope universal quantifer that binds the two occurrences of ?THING in the former. So the entire #$exceptWhen sentence would mean that every geographical thing has something to the north of it, except when the thing is spatially subsumed by the North Pole. A common special case of #$exceptWhen is handled by #$exceptFor (q.v.). Note that assertions made at the EL level with #$exceptWhen are canonicalized into statements that do not contain #$exceptWhen, but instead contain the predicate #$abnormal (see #$EmptinessOfAbnormalityNote.)") (#$isa #$exceptWhen #$BinaryRelation) (#$isa #$exceptWhen #$CoreConstant) (#$isa #$exceptWhen #$ExceptionRelation) (#$resultIsa #$exceptWhen #$ELSentence-Assertible) (#$sharedNotes #$exceptWhen #$MetaAssertionsForPolyCanonicalizingAssertions) (#$sharedNotes #$exceptWhen #$NoteAboutStatingExceptionsInCycL) (#$comment #$ExchangeOfUserRights "A specialization of both #$SocialOccurrence and #$ChangeInUserRights. In each instance of #$ExchangeOfUserRights, two instances of #$Agent (the #$exchangers) perform two distinct (though related) instances of #$TransferringPossession with each other. Two objects are exchanged. Each agent gains possession -- in the form of some #$UserRightsAttribute -- of something (an #$objectOfPossessionTransfer) from the other. Each transfer is related to the other as some kind of condition, usually as a precondition or an intended result; for example, the news seller will hand over a paper if given fifty cents, and a buyer will give the news seller fifty cents so that the seller will turn over a newspaper to the buyer. The two #$TransferringPossession events are #$subEvents of the #$ExchangeOfUserRights event.") (#$disjointWith #$ExchangeOfUserRights #$GiftGiving) (#$genls #$ExchangeOfUserRights #$ChangeInUserRights) (#$genls #$ExchangeOfUserRights #$HumanActivity) (#$genls #$ExchangeOfUserRights #$Individual) (#$genls #$ExchangeOfUserRights #$SocialOccurrence) (#$isa #$ExchangeOfUserRights #$AccessingScriptType) (#$isa #$ExchangeOfUserRights #$TemporalObjectType) (#$siblingDisjointExceptions #$ExchangeOfUserRights #$TemporaryChangeOfUserRights) (#$arg1Isa #$exchangers #$ExchangeOfUserRights) (#$arg2Isa #$exchangers #$SocialBeing) (#$argIsa #$exchangers 1 #$ExchangeOfUserRights) (#$argIsa #$exchangers 1 #$ExchangeOfUserRights) (#$argIsa #$exchangers 2 #$SocialBeing) (#$argIsa #$exchangers 2 #$SocialBeing) (#$arity #$exchangers 2) (#$comment #$exchangers "The predicate #$exchangers is used to identify the (typically, two) #$Agents involved in an instance of #$ExchangeOfUserRights. In such an event, each of the #$exchangers gives up possession of one thing and gains possession of another which was previously possessed by the other agent. (#$exchangers EXCH AGENT) means that AGENT is one of the parties having such a dual role in the #$ExchangeOfUserRights EXCH. Every instance of #$ExchangeOfUserRights has two sub-events which are instances of #$TransferringPossession (e.g., a dollar bill goes in one direction and some french fries and a few coins go in the other direction.) Each of the #$exchangers is both a #$toPossessor (in one of the two #$TransferringPossession sub-events of EXCH) and a #$fromPossessor (in the other sub-event).") (#$genlPreds #$exchangers #$performedBy) (#$genlPreds #$exchangers #$postActors) (#$genlPreds #$exchangers #$socialParticipants) (#$isa #$exchangers #$ActorSlot) (#$isa #$exchangers #$BinaryPredicate) (#$relationAllExists #$exchangers #$ExchangeOfUserRights #$Agent) (#$minimizeExtent #$exchangers) (#$comment #$Excited "A specialization of #$IntelligentAgent. Each instance is an agent in the emotional state of being excited. Use this constant with a #$GenericValueFunction to denote a collection of agents that are in this emotional state to some varying degree.") (#$genls #$Excited #$Individual) (#$genls #$Excited #$IntelligentAgent) (#$isa #$Excited #$AgentTypeByEmotionalState) (#$isa #$Excited #$FirstOrderCollection) (#$comment #$Excitement "A feeling of arousal that stirs up, moves profoundly, or serves as a challenge to one's power, eliciting the desire to do or perceive something. This is a #$Collection --- for an explanation of that, see #$Happiness. Some more specialized #$FeelingTypes than #$Excitement include #$Enthusiasm, #$Celebratory-Emotion, #$Triumph-TheFeeling, etc.") (#$genls #$Excitement #$FeelingAttribute) (#$isa #$Excitement #$AtemporalNecessarilyEssentialCollectionType) (#$isa #$Excitement #$FeelingType) (#$arg1Isa #$executionOfPlan #$SupposedToBeMicrotheory) (#$arg2Isa #$executionOfPlan #$PurposefulAction) (#$argIsa #$executionOfPlan 2 #$PurposefulAction) (#$argIsa #$executionOfPlan 2 #$PurposefulAction) (#$argIsa #$executionOfPlan 1 #$SupposedToBeMicrotheory) (#$arity #$executionOfPlan 2) (#$comment #$executionOfPlan "A #$MicrotheoryPredicate that relates a given instance of #$PlanSpecificationMicrotheory to any #$PurposefulAction that is a carrying-out of the plan in question. (#$executionOfPlan PLANSPEC ACTION) means that ACTION is a complex event that figures as (a complete) execution of the #$Plan (q.v.) represented by PLANSPEC. ACTION might be reified in the PLANSPEC microtheory itself or in some more general microtheory to which PLANSPEC has access (via #$genlMt).") (#$isa #$executionOfPlan #$BinaryPredicate) (#$isa #$executionOfPlan #$IntangibleObjectRelatingPredicate) (#$isa #$executionOfPlan #$MicrotheoryPredicate) (#$comment #$Executive "A collection of people. An instance of #$Executive is a person who holds an executive managerial positions in some #$Organization. Among the members of #$Executive are top managers of organizations, including corporate officers (#$ChiefExecutiveOfficer, etc.), Chiefs of Staff, Generals, Admirals and others like Chief Corporate Counsel, Managing Partner, Producer, Chief Scientist, Chief Engineer, as well as other upper and upper-middle managers.") (#$genls #$Executive #$Individual) (#$genls #$Executive #$Leader) (#$genls #$Executive #$OrganizationRepresentative) (#$genls #$Executive #$PersonWithOccupation) (#$isa #$Executive #$PersonTypeByOccupation) (#$keStrongSuggestionPreds #$Executive #$fieldsOfActivity) (#$comment #$Exercising "The collection of events in which humans move their bodies for the purpose of general physical conditioning and/or strengthening muscles.") (#$genls #$Exercising #$AthleticActivity) (#$genls #$Exercising #$HumanActivity) (#$genls #$Exercising #$Individual) (#$genls #$Exercising #$TakingCareOfSomething) (#$isa #$Exercising #$HumanCapabilityType) (#$isa #$Exercising #$TemporalStuffType) (#$comment #$Exhaling "Expelling gas from the lungs.") (#$genls #$Exhaling #$BodilyFunctionEvent) (#$genls #$Exhaling #$EmittingAnObject) (#$genls #$Exhaling #$Individual) (#$genls #$Exhaling #$PassingThroughPortal) (#$genls #$Exhaling #$TranslationAlongInternalLivingStructure) (#$isa #$Exhaling #$DefaultDisjointScriptType) (#$isa #$Exhaling #$MammalCapabilityType) (#$isa #$Exhaling #$TemporalStuffType) (#$siblingDisjointExceptions #$Exhaling #$EmittingSound) (#$siblingDisjointExceptions #$Exhaling #$VoluntaryBodyMovement) (#$arg1Isa #$exhibitors #$SocialGathering) (#$arg1Isa #$exhibitors #$SocialGathering) (#$arg2Isa #$exhibitors #$Agent) (#$arg2Isa #$exhibitors #$Agent) (#$argIsa #$exhibitors 2 #$Agent) (#$argIsa #$exhibitors 2 #$Agent) (#$argIsa #$exhibitors 2 #$Agent) (#$argIsa #$exhibitors 1 #$SocialGathering) (#$argIsa #$exhibitors 1 #$SocialGathering) (#$argIsa #$exhibitors 1 #$SocialGathering) (#$arity #$exhibitors 2) (#$comment #$exhibitors "(#$exhibitors GATHERING AGENT) means that the #$Agent AGENT actively presents information to the attendees of #$SocialGathering GATHERING. AGENT may be marketing a product by putting it or information about it on display, or AGENT may be displaying artwork, or the results of a scientific study.") (#$genlPreds #$exhibitors #$socialParticipants) (#$isa #$exhibitors #$ActorSlot) (#$isa #$exhibitors #$AgentiveRole) (#$minimizeExtent #$exhibitors) (#$comment #$ExistentialQuantifier "A specialization of #$Quantifier. Each instance of #$ExistentialQuantifier can be used to assert the existence of something meeting certain criteria.") (#$genls #$ExistentialQuantifier #$Quantifier) (#$genls #$ExistentialQuantifier #$Quantifier) (#$isa #$ExistentialQuantifier #$AtemporalNecessarilyEssentialCollectionType) (#$isa #$ExistentialQuantifier #$Collection) (#$isa #$ExistentialQuantifier #$CoreConstant) (#$isa #$ExistentialQuantifier #$RelationshipType) (#$comment #$ExistingObjectType "A collection of collections. Each instance of #$ExistingObjectType is a collection that is temporally stuff-like (see #$TemporalStuffType) but physically-spatially object-like (see #$ObjectType) -- i.e. object-like with respect to some physical-spatial part-whole predicate (e.g. some specialization of #$physicalDecompositions). Consider the collection #$BookCopy. #$BookCopy is temporally stuff-like: any one of the #$timeSlices of a given copy COPY of (say) \"Moby Dick\" is still a copy of \"Moby Dick\". (Most collections of tangible objects are temporally stuff-like in this way.) But #$BookCopy is spatially _object-like_: if we take a scalpel and slice COPY into ten pieces, each piece is not a copy of \"Moby Dick\". So #$BookCopy is an instance of #$ExistingObjectType. See also #$StuffType and #$ExistingStuffType.") (#$disjointWith #$ExistingObjectType #$ControllableAutonomousActionType) (#$disjointWith #$ExistingObjectType #$HumanCapabilityType) (#$disjointWith #$ExistingObjectType #$PhysiologicalConditionType) (#$disjointWith #$ExistingObjectType #$WavePropagationType) (#$genls #$ExistingObjectType #$ObjectType) (#$genls #$ExistingObjectType #$ObjectType) (#$genls #$ExistingObjectType #$TemporalStuffType) (#$genls #$ExistingObjectType #$TemporalStuffType) (#$isa #$ExistingObjectType #$AtemporalNecessarilyEssentialCollectionType) (#$isa #$ExistingObjectType #$CollectionType) (#$isa #$ExistingObjectType #$CollectionType) (#$isa #$ExistingObjectType #$SecondOrderCollection) (#$typeGenls #$ExistingObjectType #$SomethingExisting) (#$comment #$ExistingStuffType "A collection of collections, and a specialization of #$TemporalStuffType. Each instance of #$ExistingStuffType is a collection of things (including portions of things) which are both temporally and spatially stufflike. Division in time or space does not destroy the stufflike quality of the object (down to a certain granularity). ``STUFF is an instance of #$ExistingStuffType'' implies: a) for most instances, OBJ, of STUFF, for any proper physical part (see the predicate #$physicalParts) PART of OBJ, PART is also an instance of STUFF. b) for all instances, OBJ, of STUFF, for most proper physical parts PART of OBJ, PART is also an instance of STUFF. For example, every piece of wood is temporally stufflike: if W-168 is a piece of wood during 1996, then it's also a piece of wood for the one-minute time-slice 9:05am 7/7/96. It's also spatially stufflike: if we take that piece of wood W-168 and cut it in half, we have two things which are both pieces of wood. Since every piece of wood is both temporally and spatially stufflike, #$Wood is an instance of #$ExistingStuffType. Other instances of #$ExistingStuffType include the collections #$AppleJuice, #$IceCream, #$Diamond, #$WaxedPaper, and #$StriatedMuscle. See the comment for #$StuffType to learn more about the distinctions between, and the need for, these four collections: #$StuffType, #$ObjectType, #$ExistingStuffType, and #$ExistingObjectType.") (#$disjointWith #$ExistingStuffType #$ExistingObjectType) (#$disjointWith #$ExistingStuffType #$HumanCapabilityType) (#$disjointWith #$ExistingStuffType #$PhysiologicalConditionType) (#$disjointWith #$ExistingStuffType #$TransportationEventByVehicleType) (#$disjointWith #$ExistingStuffType #$WavePropagationType) (#$genls #$ExistingStuffType #$TemporalStuffType) (#$isa #$ExistingStuffType #$AtemporalNecessarilyEssentialCollectionType) (#$isa #$ExistingStuffType #$CollectionType) (#$isa #$ExistingStuffType #$CollectionType) (#$isa #$ExistingStuffType #$SecondOrderCollection) (#$typeGenls #$ExistingStuffType #$PartiallyTangible) (#$arg1Isa #$ExpandSubLFn #$CycELVariableList) (#$arg2Isa #$ExpandSubLFn #$SubLTemplate) (#$argIsa #$ExpandSubLFn 1 #$CycELVariableList) (#$argIsa #$ExpandSubLFn 1 #$CycELVariableList) (#$argIsa #$ExpandSubLFn 2 #$SubLTemplate) (#$argIsa #$ExpandSubLFn 2 #$SubLTemplate) (#$arity #$ExpandSubLFn 2) (#$comment #$ExpandSubLFn "(#$ExpandSubLFn PARAMETERS SUBL-TEMPLATE) denotes the SubL expression resulting from expanding the SubL template SUBL-TEMPLATE once all PARAMETERS are known. For example, (#$ExpandSubLFn (?X) (+ 1 ?X)) will denote the SubL expression (+ 1 2) when the parameter ?X is bound to 2. See also #$EvaluateSubLFn, #$trueSubL and #$performSubL.") (#$isa #$ExpandSubLFn #$BinaryRelation) (#$isa #$ExpandSubLFn #$IndividualDenotingFunction) (#$isa #$ExpandSubLFn #$LogicalTruthConstant) (#$isa #$ExpandSubLFn #$UnreifiableFunction) (#$resultIsa #$ExpandSubLFn #$SubLExpression) (#$resultIsa #$ExpandSubLFn #$Thing) (#$arg1Isa #$expansion #$Relation) (#$arg2Format #$expansion #$SingleEntry) (#$arg2Isa #$expansion #$ELTemplate) (#$arg2Isa #$expansion #$GenericArgTemplate) (#$argFormat #$expansion 2 #$SingleEntry) (#$argIsa #$expansion 2 #$ELTemplate) (#$argIsa #$expansion 2 #$ELTemplate) (#$argIsa #$expansion 2 #$GenericArgTemplate) (#$argIsa #$expansion 2 #$GenericArgTemplate) (#$argIsa #$expansion 1 #$Relation) (#$argIsa #$expansion 1 #$Relation) (#$arity #$expansion 2) (#$comment #$expansion "Some relations (e.g., instances of #$RuleMacroPredicate) can be defined in terms of more basic or primitive constructs. (#$expansion RELATION FORMULA) associates RELATION with the FORMULA that defines it. The arg2 is allowed to reference generic-argument keywords, such as :ARG1 :ARG2 which represent respectively the arg1 and the arg2 within uses of RELATION. For example, (#$expansion #$genls (#$implies (#$isa ?object :ARG1) (#$isa ?object :ARG2))) indicates that the gaf (#$genls #$Poodle #$Dog) is defined as (#$implies (#$isa ?object #$Poodle) (#$isa ?object #$Dog))). Importantly, the expansion-formula arg2 must be necessary and sufficient; it denotes the definition of the uses of relation arg1; there can be only one expansion for any relation. Furthermore, no two relations can share a common expansion; thus, there can be only one possible contraction from a formula that corresponds to an expansion into a compact form that references expandable relations. For example, (#$implies (#$isa ?object #$Poodle) (#$isa ?object #$Dog))) has the unambiguous contraction of (#$genls #$Poodle #$Dog). The expansion arg2 can (and should when possible) make use of relations that have expansions. Note that the example above references #$implies which would itself have the expansion (#$or (#$not :ARG1) :ARG2). Thus, the full expansion of a relation can involve recursive expansions. For example, the full expansion of #$genls would be (#$or (#$isa ?object :ARG1) (#$not (#$isa ?object :ARG2)))). No relation may reference itself (either directly or indirectly via recursion) in its expansion (or in its full recursive expansion). See #$GenericArgTemplate, #$ELRelation, #$expansionAxiom.") (#$isa #$expansion #$CoreConstant) (#$isa #$expansion #$CycLReformulationRulePredicate) (#$isa #$expansion #$IntangibleObjectRelatingPredicate) (#$isa #$expansion #$MetaRelation) (#$isa #$expansion #$ReformulatorDirectivePredicate) (#$isa #$expansion #$StrictlyFunctionalSlot) (#$relationAllExists #$expansion #$ELRelation #$ELTemplate) (#$relationAllExists #$expansion #$ELRelation #$GenericArgTemplate) (#$strictlyFunctionalInArgs #$expansion 2) (#$arg1Isa #$expansionAxiom #$RuleMacroPredicate) (#$arg2Isa #$expansionAxiom #$CycLAssertion) (#$argIsa #$expansionAxiom 2 #$CycLAssertion) (#$argIsa #$expansionAxiom 2 #$CycLAssertion) (#$argIsa #$expansionAxiom 1 #$RuleMacroPredicate) (#$argIsa #$expansionAxiom 1 #$RuleMacroPredicate) (#$arity #$expansionAxiom 2) (#$comment #$expansionAxiom "(#$expansionAxiom PRED ASSERT) means that the assertion ASSERT is part of the expansion of PRED.") (#$genlPreds #$expansionAxiom #$salientAssertions) (#$isa #$expansionAxiom #$BinaryPredicate) (#$isa #$expansionAxiom #$DistributingMetaKnowledgePredicate) (#$sharedNotes #$expansionAxiom #$MetaAssertionsForPolyCanonicalizingAssertions) (#$arg1Isa #$expansionDefn #$Relation) (#$arg2Format #$expansionDefn #$SingleEntry) (#$arg2Isa #$expansionDefn #$SubLSymbol) (#$argFormat #$expansionDefn 2 #$SingleEntry) (#$argIsa #$expansionDefn 1 #$Relation) (#$argIsa #$expansionDefn 1 #$Relation) (#$argIsa #$expansionDefn 2 #$SubLSymbol) (#$argIsa #$expansionDefn 2 #$SubLSymbol) (#$arity #$expansionDefn 2) (#$comment #$expansionDefn "(#$expansionDefn ) denotes that during canonicalization the subl function definition of is used to transform an EL expression ( . ) into the appropriate HL formula.") (#$isa #$expansionDefn #$CoreImplementationConstant) (#$isa #$expansionDefn #$IntangibleObjectPredicate) (#$isa #$expansionDefn #$IntangibleObjectRelatingPredicate) (#$isa #$expansionDefn #$StrictlyFunctionalSlot) (#$strictlyFunctionalInArgs #$expansionDefn 2) (#$arg1Format #$expects #$openEntryFormatInArgs) (#$arg1Isa #$expects #$IntelligentAgent) (#$arg2Format #$expects #$openEntryFormatInArgs) (#$arg2Isa #$expects #$ELSentence-Assertible) (#$argFormat #$expects 1 #$openEntryFormatInArgs) (#$argFormat #$expects 2 #$openEntryFormatInArgs) (#$argIsa #$expects 2 #$ELSentence-Assertible) (#$argIsa #$expects 2 #$ELSentence-Assertible) (#$argIsa #$expects 1 #$IntelligentAgent) (#$argIsa #$expects 1 #$IntelligentAgent) (#$arity #$expects 2) (#$comment #$expects "(#$expects AGT PROP) means that AGT believes it highly likely that PROP will be true at some time in the future.") (#$genlPreds #$expects #$hasOpinionAsToTruthOf) (#$isa #$expects #$PropositionalAttitudeSlot) (#$comment #$ExperiencingHunger "Being hungry") (#$genls #$ExperiencingHunger #$BodilyFunctionEvent-Involuntary) (#$genls #$ExperiencingHunger #$Event) (#$genls #$ExperiencingHunger #$Individual) (#$isa #$ExperiencingHunger #$DefaultDisjointScriptType) (#$isa #$ExperiencingHunger #$MammalCapabilityType) (#$isa #$ExperiencingHunger #$TemporalStuffType) (#$arg1Isa #$ExpFn #$RealNumber) (#$argIsa #$ExpFn 1 #$RealNumber) (#$argIsa #$ExpFn 1 #$RealNumber) (#$arity #$ExpFn 1) (#$comment #$ExpFn "A unary #$EvaluatableFunction that is the #$CycL version of the exponential operator. It takes instances of #$RealNumber and returns instances of #$PositiveNumber. (#$ExpFn NUM) is e^NUM, i.e. e raised to the power of NUM (where e is #$E-LogarithmBase). (#$ExpFn 1) is e. The inverse of this function (cf. #$inverseFunc) is #$LogFn. See also #$ExponentFn, a binary function which returns the result of raising a specified number to a specified exponent.") (#$isa #$ExpFn #$CoreConstant) (#$isa #$ExpFn #$EvaluatableFunction) (#$isa #$ExpFn #$FunctionFromQuantitiesToQuantities) (#$isa #$ExpFn #$UnaryFunction) (#$resultIsa #$ExpFn #$PositiveNumber) (#$resultIsa #$ExpFn #$PositiveNumber) (#$comment #$Explosion "A collection of events. Each instance of #$Explosion is an event that involve an extremely violent, chaotic release of energy. It is not exactly controlled, even in the best circumstances, though it may be contained and channelled to do useful work (such as within the cylinders of a car engine, or such as when a hole is blasted for a backyard swimming pool.)") (#$genls #$Explosion #$DecompositionProcess) (#$genls #$Explosion #$EnergyConversionProcess) (#$genls #$Explosion #$Individual) (#$isa #$Explosion #$TemporalObjectType) (#$arg1Isa #$ExponentFn #$RealNumber) (#$arg2Isa #$ExponentFn #$RealNumber) (#$argIsa #$ExponentFn 1 #$RealNumber) (#$argIsa #$ExponentFn 1 #$RealNumber) (#$argIsa #$ExponentFn 2 #$RealNumber) (#$argIsa #$ExponentFn 2 #$RealNumber) (#$arity #$ExponentFn 2) (#$comment #$ExponentFn "A #$BinaryFunction which returns the result of raising a specified number to a specified exponent. (#$ExponentFn BASE EXP) returns BASE^EXP, i.e. BASE to the power EXP, where BASE and EXP are both instances of #$RealNumber. It returns instances of #$NonNegativeNumber. Note that if one uses this function to determine the Nth root of numbers where N is even, i.e. by evaluating (#$ExponentFn BASE (#$QuotientFn 1 N)), this function returns only the positive real, X, such that X^N = BASE (whereas a negative root may also exist). Also note that the function is often undefined when the first argument is negative. See also #$ExpFn, a unary function which returns the result of raising #$E-LogarithmBase to a specified exponent.") (#$isa #$ExponentFn #$BinaryFunction) (#$isa #$ExponentFn #$EvaluatableFunction) (#$isa #$ExponentFn #$FunctionFromQuantitiesToQuantities) (#$isa #$ExponentFn #$PartialDenotationalFunction) (#$resultIsa #$ExponentFn #$RealNumber) (#$resultIsa #$ExponentFn #$RealNumber) (#$arg1Isa #$exports #$GeographicalRegion) (#$arg1Isa #$exports #$GeographicalRegion) (#$arg2Format #$exports #$SetTheFormat) (#$arg2Genl #$exports #$TemporalThing) (#$arg2Genl #$exports #$TemporalThing) (#$arg2Isa #$exports #$ProductType) (#$arg2Isa #$exports #$ProductType) (#$argFormat #$exports 2 #$SetTheFormat) (#$argGenl #$exports 2 #$TemporalThing) (#$argGenl #$exports 2 #$TemporalThing) (#$argGenl #$exports 2 #$TemporalThing) (#$argIsa #$exports 1 #$GeographicalRegion) (#$argIsa #$exports 1 #$GeographicalRegion) (#$argIsa #$exports 1 #$GeographicalRegion) (#$argIsa #$exports 2 #$ProductType) (#$argIsa #$exports 2 #$ProductType) (#$argIsa #$exports 2 #$ProductType) (#$arity #$exports 2) (#$comment #$exports "(#$exports COUNTRY PRODUCT-TYPE) means that the region COUNTRY has substantial regular exports of the goods or services PRODUCT-TYPE to other countries. ") (#$genlPreds #$exports #$regionProduces) (#$isa #$exports #$BinaryPredicate) (#$isa #$exports #$ObjectPredicate) (#$transitiveViaArg #$exports #$genls 2) (#$arg1Genl #$extConceptOverlapsColAndReln #$Thing) (#$arg1Isa #$extConceptOverlapsColAndReln #$Collection) (#$arg2Isa #$extConceptOverlapsColAndReln #$BinaryPredicate) (#$arg3Isa #$extConceptOverlapsColAndReln #$IndexedInformationSource) (#$arg4Format #$extConceptOverlapsColAndReln #$SingleEntry) (#$arg4Isa #$extConceptOverlapsColAndReln #$CharacterString) (#$argFormat #$extConceptOverlapsColAndReln 4 #$SingleEntry) (#$argGenl #$extConceptOverlapsColAndReln 1 #$Thing) (#$argGenl #$extConceptOverlapsColAndReln 1 #$Thing) (#$argIsa #$extConceptOverlapsColAndReln 2 #$BinaryPredicate) (#$argIsa #$extConceptOverlapsColAndReln 2 #$BinaryPredicate) (#$argIsa #$extConceptOverlapsColAndReln 4 #$CharacterString) (#$argIsa #$extConceptOverlapsColAndReln 4 #$CharacterString) (#$argIsa #$extConceptOverlapsColAndReln 1 #$Collection) (#$argIsa #$extConceptOverlapsColAndReln 1 #$Collection) (#$argIsa #$extConceptOverlapsColAndReln 3 #$IndexedInformationSource) (#$argIsa #$extConceptOverlapsColAndReln 3 #$IndexedInformationSource) (#$arity #$extConceptOverlapsColAndReln 4) (#$comment #$extConceptOverlapsColAndReln "(#$extConceptOverlapsColAndReln COL RELN SOURCE STRING) means that the external structured data source SOURCE variously uses the term named by STRING as a value that semantically maps to the Cyc #$Collection COL, and as a slot that maps to the Cyc #$BinaryPredicate RELN.") (#$functionalInArgs #$extConceptOverlapsColAndReln 4) (#$isa #$extConceptOverlapsColAndReln #$CoreConstant) (#$isa #$extConceptOverlapsColAndReln #$FunctionalPredicate) (#$isa #$extConceptOverlapsColAndReln #$QuaternaryPredicate) (#$strictlyFunctionalInArgs #$extConceptOverlapsColAndReln 4) (#$comment #$ExtendedSpaceRegion "A specialization of #$SpaceRegion. Instances of #$ExtendedSpaceRegion are portions of a three dimensional space that have an extent in at least one direction. This collection has three important specialization: the collections of one [#$SpaceLine], two [#$SpaceSurface] and three [#$ChunkOfSpace] dimensional pieces of space.") (#$disjointWith #$ExtendedSpaceRegion #$SpacePoint) (#$genls #$ExtendedSpaceRegion #$Individual) (#$genls #$ExtendedSpaceRegion #$SpaceRegion) (#$isa #$ExtendedSpaceRegion #$StuffType) (#$arg1Format #$extent #$CoextensionalFormat) (#$arg1Isa #$extent #$SetOrCollection) (#$arg2Format #$extent #$SingleEntry) (#$arg2Isa #$extent #$Set-Mathematical) (#$argFormat #$extent 1 #$CoextensionalFormat) (#$argFormat #$extent 2 #$SingleEntry) (#$argIsa #$extent 2 #$Set-Mathematical) (#$argIsa #$extent 2 #$Set-Mathematical) (#$argIsa #$extent 1 #$SetOrCollection) (#$argIsa #$extent 1 #$SetOrCollection) (#$arity #$extent 2) (#$comment #$extent "This predicate relates a given set or collection (see #$SetOrCollection) to its extension: the set consisting of all of (and only) its elements (see #$elementOf). (#$extent SETORCOL SET) means that every element of SETORCOL is an element of SET and every element of SET is an element of SETORCOL. If SETORCOL happens to be a set (see #$Set-Mathematical) itself, then SET and SETORCOL are identical (see #$equals), as sets are identified and distinguished strictly in terms of their elements. Conversely, if SETORCOL happens to be a collection (see #$Collection), then SET and SETORCOL are distinct (see #$different), as no collection is a set. See also #$coextensionalSetOrCollections.") (#$genlInverse #$extent #$subsetOf) (#$genlPreds #$extent #$subsetOf) (#$isa #$extent #$AntiSymmetricBinaryPredicate) (#$isa #$extent #$StrictlyFunctionalSlot) (#$isa #$extent #$TransitiveBinaryPredicate) (#$strictlyFunctionalInArgs #$extent 2) (#$arg1Isa #$extentCardinality #$SetOrCollection) (#$arg2Format #$extentCardinality #$SingleEntry) (#$arg2Isa #$extentCardinality #$NonNegativeInteger) (#$argFormat #$extentCardinality 2 #$SingleEntry) (#$argIsa #$extentCardinality 2 #$NonNegativeInteger) (#$argIsa #$extentCardinality 2 #$NonNegativeInteger) (#$argIsa #$extentCardinality 1 #$SetOrCollection) (#$argIsa #$extentCardinality 1 #$SetOrCollection) (#$arity #$extentCardinality 2) (#$comment #$extentCardinality "(#$extentCardinality SETORCOL N) means that there are N terms in the currently represented extent of #$SetOrCollection SETORCOL. See also, #$cardinality, #$entityCardinality, #$Note-cardinality-vs-entityCardinality.") (#$genlPreds #$extentCardinality #$cardinalityAtLeast) (#$isa #$extentCardinality #$CoreConstant) (#$isa #$extentCardinality #$StrictlyFunctionalSlot) (#$strictlyFunctionalInArgs #$extentCardinality 2) (#$arg1Isa #$ExteriorRegionFn #$AnimalBodyRegion) (#$arg1Isa #$ExteriorRegionFn #$AnimalBodyRegion) (#$arg1Isa #$ExteriorRegionFn #$AnimalBodyRegion) (#$argIsa #$ExteriorRegionFn 1 #$AnimalBodyRegion) (#$argIsa #$ExteriorRegionFn 1 #$AnimalBodyRegion) (#$argIsa #$ExteriorRegionFn 1 #$AnimalBodyRegion) (#$argIsa #$ExteriorRegionFn 1 #$AnimalBodyRegion) (#$arity #$ExteriorRegionFn 1) (#$comment #$ExteriorRegionFn "The function (ExteriorRegionFn REGOROBJ), applied to a region or object REGOROBJ, means the sub-region consisting of all the outer parts or sections of REGOROBJ, or the exterior main portion of REGOROBJ. It applies when REGOROBJ itself has an intrinsic inside/outside orientation (unlike, say, a loop of thread), but if REGOROBJ is an enveloping part, surface membrane, ring or layer within or on a larger region or object that has its own inside/outside orientation, the function returns REGOROBJ's outside portion with respect to the inside and outside of the larger region or object.") (#$isa #$ExteriorRegionFn #$AnimalPartRegionFunction) (#$isa #$ExteriorRegionFn #$IndividualDenotingFunction) (#$isa #$ExteriorRegionFn #$ReifiableFunction) (#$isa #$ExteriorRegionFn #$UnaryFunction) (#$resultIsa #$ExteriorRegionFn #$AnimalBodyRegion) (#$resultIsa #$ExteriorRegionFn #$Individual) (#$comment #$ExternalAnatomicalPart "#$ExternalAnatomicalPart is a specialization of #$OrganismPart. Each instance of #$ExternalAnatomicalPart is a part of the external anatomy of an organism. Example subcollections include #$Earlobe and #$Leaf.") (#$genls #$ExternalAnatomicalPart #$Individual) (#$genls #$ExternalAnatomicalPart #$OrganismPart) (#$isa #$ExternalAnatomicalPart #$ExistingObjectType) (#$comment #$ExternalOrgan "#$ExternalOrgan is a specialization of #$Organ and #$ExternalAnatomicalPart. Each instance of #$ExternalOrgan is an organ that is an external anatomical part; e.g., a nose or eye.") (#$disjointWith #$ExternalOrgan #$Trunk-BodyCore) (#$genls #$ExternalOrgan #$ExternalAnatomicalPart) (#$genls #$ExternalOrgan #$Individual) (#$genls #$ExternalOrgan #$Organ) (#$isa #$ExternalOrgan #$AnimalBodyPartType) (#$arg1Format #$externalParts #$PartsFormat) (#$arg1Isa #$externalParts #$PartiallyTangible) (#$arg1Isa #$externalParts #$PartiallyTangible) (#$arg2Format #$externalParts #$SetTheFormat) (#$arg2Isa #$externalParts #$PartiallyTangible) (#$arg2Isa #$externalParts #$PartiallyTangible) (#$argFormat #$externalParts 1 #$PartsFormat) (#$argFormat #$externalParts 2 #$SetTheFormat) (#$argIsa #$externalParts 1 #$PartiallyTangible) (#$argIsa #$externalParts 1 #$PartiallyTangible) (#$argIsa #$externalParts 1 #$PartiallyTangible) (#$argIsa #$externalParts 2 #$PartiallyTangible) (#$argIsa #$externalParts 2 #$PartiallyTangible) (#$argIsa #$externalParts 2 #$PartiallyTangible) (#$arity #$externalParts 2) (#$comment #$externalParts "(#$externalParts OBJ PART) means that OBJ has PART as one of its external #$physicalParts. See #$surfaceParts, an important specialization of #$externalParts, for parts which do not extend from one side to the opposite side of ARG1.") (#$genlPreds #$externalParts #$physicalParts) (#$isa #$externalParts #$AntiSymmetricBinaryPredicate) (#$isa #$externalParts #$BinaryPredicate) (#$isa #$externalParts #$CotemporalObjectsSlot) (#$isa #$externalParts #$PhysicalPartPredicate) (#$isa #$externalParts #$TransitiveBinaryPredicate) (#$relationAllExists #$externalParts #$ModernShelterConstruction #$RoofOfAConstruction) (#$relationExistsAll #$externalParts #$Head-AnimalBodyPart #$Mouth) (#$comment #$ExternalSurface-WholeThing "The collection of all entire outer physical surfaces of tangible objects. Excludes mere patches or portions of the whole surface of an object.") (#$genls #$ExternalSurface-WholeThing #$Individual) (#$genls #$ExternalSurface-WholeThing #$Surface-Physical) (#$isa #$ExternalSurface-WholeThing #$RegionType) (#$comment #$Eye "A specialization of both #$ExternalOrgan and #$ElectroMagneticRadiationSensor. Each instance of #$Eye is an organ of sight.") (#$disjointWith #$Eye #$Skin) (#$genls #$Eye #$AnimalBodyPart) (#$genls #$Eye #$ElectroMagneticRadiationSensor) (#$genls #$Eye #$ExternalAnatomicalPart) (#$genls #$Eye #$ExternalOrgan) (#$genls #$Eye #$Individual) (#$isa #$Eye #$AnimalBodyPartType) (#$isa #$Eye #$SymmetricAnatomicalPartType) (#$comment #$FaceOfAnimal "A specialization of #$AnimalBodyPart and #$ExternalAnatomicalPart. Each instance of #$FaceOfAnimal is the bodily region of an animal where the eyes of that animal are located. In most terrestrial animals, this is the front region of an animal's head, and it also turns out to be where the nose and mouth are located.") (#$disjointWith #$FaceOfAnimal #$Trunk-BodyCore) (#$genls #$FaceOfAnimal #$AnimalBodyPart) (#$genls #$FaceOfAnimal #$ExternalAnatomicalPart) (#$genls #$FaceOfAnimal #$Individual) (#$isa #$FaceOfAnimal #$AnimalBodyPartType) (#$isa #$FaceOfAnimal #$UniqueAnatomicalPartType) (#$isa #$FaceOfAnimal #$UniqueAnatomicalPartType) (#$isa #$FaceOfAnimal #$UniqueAnatomicalPartType) (#$isa #$FaceOfAnimal #$UniqueAnatomicalPartType) (#$arg1Isa #$facesDirection #$PartiallyTangible) (#$arg2Isa #$facesDirection #$UnitVectorInterval) (#$argIsa #$facesDirection 1 #$PartiallyTangible) (#$argIsa #$facesDirection 1 #$PartiallyTangible) (#$argIsa #$facesDirection 2 #$UnitVectorInterval) (#$argIsa #$facesDirection 2 #$UnitVectorInterval) (#$arity #$facesDirection 2) (#$comment #$facesDirection "(#$facesDirection OBJ DIR) means that the intrinsic forward axis of OBJ (i.e., the vector normal to its intrinsic front side) points in the direction DIR. Note that an object only has an intrinsic forward axis if it has some intrinsic front side by virtue of its design or function. For example, trains, cars, and bullets have intrinsic front faces by virtue of the direction in which they are intended to travel. Other objects, such as refrigerators, bookshelves against walls, and televisions, have front faces by virtue of how people usually view the object. Spheres, being symmetric, do not have an intrinsic forward axis.") (#$isa #$facesDirection #$BinaryPredicate) (#$isa #$facesDirection #$SpatialPredicate) (#$arg1Isa #$facesObject #$PartiallyTangible) (#$arg1Isa #$facesObject #$PartiallyTangible) (#$arg2Isa #$facesObject #$IntrinsicAxisOfObject) (#$arg2Isa #$facesObject #$IntrinsicAxisOfObject) (#$arg3Isa #$facesObject #$SpatialThing-Localized) (#$arg3Isa #$facesObject #$SpatialThing-Localized) (#$argIsa #$facesObject 2 #$IntrinsicAxisOfObject) (#$argIsa #$facesObject 2 #$IntrinsicAxisOfObject) (#$argIsa #$facesObject 2 #$IntrinsicAxisOfObject) (#$argIsa #$facesObject 1 #$PartiallyTangible) (#$argIsa #$facesObject 1 #$PartiallyTangible) (#$argIsa #$facesObject 1 #$PartiallyTangible) (#$argIsa #$facesObject 3 #$SpatialThing-Localized) (#$argIsa #$facesObject 3 #$SpatialThing-Localized) (#$argIsa #$facesObject 3 #$SpatialThing-Localized) (#$arity #$facesObject 3) (#$comment #$facesObject "The Cyc predicate #$facesObject is used to represent the orientation of one object to another. (#$facesObject OBJ1 AXIS1 OBJ2) means that an intrinsic axis projected through OBJ1 (i.e., AXIS1) spatially intersects with the second object, OBJ2. See also #$IntrinsicAxisOfObject, #$AxisFn.") (#$isa #$facesObject #$ObjectPredicate) (#$isa #$facesObject #$TernaryPredicate) (#$arg1Format #$facets-Covering #$openEntryFormatInArgs) (#$arg1Genl #$facets-Covering #$Thing) (#$arg1Isa #$facets-Covering #$Collection) (#$arg2Format #$facets-Covering #$openEntryFormatInArgs) (#$arg2Isa #$facets-Covering #$CollectionType) (#$argFormat #$facets-Covering 1 #$openEntryFormatInArgs) (#$argFormat #$facets-Covering 2 #$openEntryFormatInArgs) (#$argGenl #$facets-Covering 1 #$Thing) (#$argIsa #$facets-Covering 1 #$Collection) (#$argIsa #$facets-Covering 1 #$Collection) (#$argIsa #$facets-Covering 2 #$CollectionType) (#$argIsa #$facets-Covering 2 #$CollectionType) (#$arity #$facets-Covering 2) (#$comment #$facets-Covering "A #$TaxonomicSlotForCollections and a specialization of both #$facets-Generic and #$covering (qq.v.). (#$facets-Covering COL COLTYPE) means that COLTYPE corresponds to one way of dividing the entirety of COL into subcollections. Specifically, (i) the instances of COLTYPE are all the same sort of subcollection of COL and (ii) each instance of COL is an instance of at least one instance of of COLTYPE. For example, (#$facets-Covering #$BaseballPlayer #$BaseballPlayerTypeByPosition) holds, since each baseball player plays at least one position. Note that #$facets-Covering is _not_ a specialization of #$partitionedInto; e.g. some baseball players play more than one position. Cf. the more specialized #$facets-Partition, and also #$facets-Strict.") (#$genlInverse #$facets-Covering #$typeGenls) (#$genlPreds #$facets-Covering #$covering) (#$genlPreds #$facets-Covering #$facets-Generic) (#$interArgIsa2-1 #$facets-Covering #$SecondOrderCollection #$FirstOrderCollection) (#$interArgIsa2-1 #$facets-Covering #$ThirdOrderCollection #$SecondOrderCollection) (#$interArgIsa2-1 #$facets-Covering #$FourthOrderCollection #$ThirdOrderCollection) (#$isa #$facets-Covering #$AsymmetricBinaryPredicate) (#$isa #$facets-Covering #$TaxonomicSlotForCollections) (#$negationInverse #$facets-Covering #$facets-Covering) (#$sharedNotes #$facets-Covering #$NoteAboutHowFacetAssertionsAreUsed) (#$arg1Format #$facets-Generic #$openEntryFormatInArgs) (#$arg1Genl #$facets-Generic #$Thing) (#$arg1Isa #$facets-Generic #$Collection) (#$arg2Format #$facets-Generic #$openEntryFormatInArgs) (#$arg2Isa #$facets-Generic #$CollectionType) (#$argFormat #$facets-Generic 1 #$openEntryFormatInArgs) (#$argFormat #$facets-Generic 2 #$openEntryFormatInArgs) (#$argGenl #$facets-Generic 1 #$Thing) (#$argGenl #$facets-Generic 1 #$Thing) (#$argIsa #$facets-Generic 1 #$Collection) (#$argIsa #$facets-Generic 1 #$Collection) (#$argIsa #$facets-Generic 2 #$CollectionType) (#$argIsa #$facets-Generic 2 #$CollectionType) (#$arity #$facets-Generic 2) (#$comment #$facets-Generic "A #$TaxonomicSlotForCollections and the most general of the \"faceting\" predicates. (#$facets-Generic COL COLTYPE) means that COLTYPE corresponds to one way of dividing COL up into subcollections. Specifically, the instances of COLTYPE are all the same sort of subcollection of COL. But unlike with the more specific #$facets-Strict (q.v.), the instances of COLTYPE need not all be disjoint with each other. For example, (#$facets-Generic #$Movie-CW #$MovieTypeByGenre) holds, because each instance of #$MovieTypeByGenre is a subcollection of #$Movie-CW whose instances are all movies of some particular genre. And since movie genres overlap (e.g. a given movie might be both a children's film and an action film), #$MovieTypeByGenre is not a strict faceting of #$Movie-CW. See also #$facets-Covering and #$facets-Partition.") (#$genlInverse #$facets-Generic #$typeGenls) (#$interArgIsa2-1 #$facets-Generic #$SecondOrderCollection #$FirstOrderCollection) (#$interArgIsa2-1 #$facets-Generic #$ThirdOrderCollection #$SecondOrderCollection) (#$interArgIsa2-1 #$facets-Generic #$FourthOrderCollection #$ThirdOrderCollection) (#$isa #$facets-Generic #$AsymmetricBinaryPredicate) (#$isa #$facets-Generic #$TaxonomicSlotForCollections) (#$negationInverse #$facets-Generic #$facets-Generic) (#$sharedNotes #$facets-Generic #$NoteAboutHowFacetAssertionsAreUsed) (#$arg1Format #$facets-Partition #$openEntryFormatInArgs) (#$arg1Genl #$facets-Partition #$Thing) (#$arg1Isa #$facets-Partition #$Collection) (#$arg2Format #$facets-Partition #$coextensionalEntryFormatInArgs) (#$arg2Isa #$facets-Partition #$DisjointCollectionType) (#$argFormat #$facets-Partition 2 #$coextensionalEntryFormatInArgs) (#$argFormat #$facets-Partition 1 #$openEntryFormatInArgs) (#$argGenl #$facets-Partition 1 #$Thing) (#$argGenl #$facets-Partition 1 #$Thing) (#$argIsa #$facets-Partition 1 #$Collection) (#$argIsa #$facets-Partition 1 #$Collection) (#$argIsa #$facets-Partition 2 #$DisjointCollectionType) (#$argIsa #$facets-Partition 2 #$DisjointCollectionType) (#$arity #$facets-Partition 2) (#$comment #$facets-Partition "A #$TaxonomicSlotForCollections and a specialization of #$facets-Strict, #$facets-Covering, and #$partitionedInto (qq.v.). (#$facets-Partition COL COLTYPE) means that COLTYPE corresponds to one way of dividing the entirety of COL into disjoint subcollections. Specifically, (i) the instances of COLTYPE are all the same sort of subcollection of COL and (ii) each instance of COL is an instance of exactly one instance of of COLTYPE. For example, (#$facets-Partition #$FixedArityFunction #$FixedArityFunctionTypeByArity) holds, as each fixed-arity function has exactly one arity (see #$arity).") (#$genlInverse #$facets-Partition #$typeGenls) (#$genlPreds #$facets-Partition #$facets-Covering) (#$genlPreds #$facets-Partition #$facets-Strict) (#$genlPreds #$facets-Partition #$partitionedInto) (#$isa #$facets-Partition #$AsymmetricBinaryPredicate) (#$isa #$facets-Partition #$TaxonomicSlotForCollections) (#$negationInverse #$facets-Partition #$facets-Partition) (#$sharedNotes #$facets-Partition #$NoteAboutHowFacetAssertionsAreUsed) (#$typedGenlPreds #$facets-Partition #$partitionedInto) (#$arg1Format #$facets-Strict #$openEntryFormatInArgs) (#$arg1Genl #$facets-Strict #$Thing) (#$arg1Isa #$facets-Strict #$Collection) (#$arg2Format #$facets-Strict #$openEntryFormatInArgs) (#$arg2Isa #$facets-Strict #$DisjointCollectionType) (#$argFormat #$facets-Strict 1 #$openEntryFormatInArgs) (#$argFormat #$facets-Strict 2 #$openEntryFormatInArgs) (#$argGenl #$facets-Strict 1 #$Thing) (#$argGenl #$facets-Strict 1 #$Thing) (#$argIsa #$facets-Strict 1 #$Collection) (#$argIsa #$facets-Strict 1 #$Collection) (#$argIsa #$facets-Strict 2 #$DisjointCollectionType) (#$argIsa #$facets-Strict 2 #$DisjointCollectionType) (#$arity #$facets-Strict 2) (#$comment #$facets-Strict "A #$TaxonomicSlotForCollections and a specialization of #$facets-Generic (q.v.). (#$facets-Strict COL COLTYPE) means that COLTYPE corresponds to one way of dividing COL up into disjoint subcollections. Specifically, the instances of COLTYPE are all the same sort of subcollection of COL and are, moreover, all disjoint with (see #$disjointWith) each other. For example, #$DogTypeByBreed strictly facets #$Dog, because the breeds of dog constitute mutually disjoint subcollections of #$Dog. Other possible ways of strictly faceting #$Dog are by sex, by size, and by whether or not they are domesticated. Note that (#$facets-Strict COL COLTYPE) does _not_ imply (#$covering COL COLTYPE), since the instances of COLTYPE might not cover all of COL. For example, some dogs belong to no breed. Cf. #$facets-Covering and #$facets-Partition.") (#$genlInverse #$facets-Strict #$typeGenls) (#$genlPreds #$facets-Strict #$facets-Generic) (#$isa #$facets-Strict #$AsymmetricBinaryPredicate) (#$isa #$facets-Strict #$PossibleDefinitionalPredicate) (#$isa #$facets-Strict #$TaxonomicSlotForCollections) (#$negationInverse #$facets-Strict #$facets-Strict) (#$relationAllInstance #$facets-Strict #$BiologicalKingdom #$BiologicalPhylum) (#$sharedNotes #$facets-Strict #$NoteAboutHowFacetAssertionsAreUsed) (#$comment #$Facility-Construct "#$Facility-Construct is a specialization of #$ConstructionArtifact. Each instance of #$Facility-Construct is used primarily for one purpose and will usually be a building (such as a particular #$Laboratory) or building(s) *and* the surrounding property (e.g., a particular #$MilitaryFacility). As such, this collection is a proper subcollection of #$ConstructionArtifact, as it excludes things like railroad tracks, and is a distinct collection from #$FixedStructure, which includes non-#$Facility-Constructs like the #$EiffelTower, but excludes most (perhaps all) instances of #$MilitaryFacility).") (#$disjointWith #$Facility-Construct #$MemorialMarker) (#$genls #$Facility-Construct #$ConstructionArtifact) (#$genls #$Facility-Construct #$Individual) (#$isa #$Facility-Construct #$ExistingObjectType) (#$arg1Format #$failureForAgents #$openEntryFormatInArgs) (#$arg1Isa #$failureForAgents #$Action) (#$arg1Isa #$failureForAgents #$Action) (#$arg2Format #$failureForAgents #$openEntryFormatInArgs) (#$arg2Isa #$failureForAgents #$Agent) (#$arg2Isa #$failureForAgents #$Agent) (#$argFormat #$failureForAgents 1 #$openEntryFormatInArgs) (#$argFormat #$failureForAgents 2 #$openEntryFormatInArgs) (#$argIsa #$failureForAgents 1 #$Action) (#$argIsa #$failureForAgents 1 #$Action) (#$argIsa #$failureForAgents 1 #$Action) (#$argIsa #$failureForAgents 2 #$Agent) (#$argIsa #$failureForAgents 2 #$Agent) (#$argIsa #$failureForAgents 2 #$Agent) (#$arity #$failureForAgents 2) (#$comment #$failureForAgents "The predicate #$failureForAgents is used to indicate that a particular agent fails to achieve (at least one of) its goals in a particular action. (#$failureForAgents ENDEAVOR AGENT) means that the #$Agent AGENT had some purpose in performing ENDEAVOR that was not realized. See also #$purposeInEvent.") (#$genlPreds #$failureForAgents #$performedBy) (#$isa #$failureForAgents #$ActorSlot) (#$isa #$failureForAgents #$BinaryPredicate) (#$minimizeExtent #$failureForAgents) (#$comment #$FallingProcess "A moving process in which a non completely supported object moves downward under the force of gravity. Since time slice is also a #$FallingProcess, the collision with the ground or some other object is not a necessary #$subEvents as it is with #$FallingEvent.") (#$genls #$FallingProcess #$DescendingEvent) (#$genls #$FallingProcess #$Individual) (#$genls #$FallingProcess #$ProjectileMotion) (#$isa #$FallingProcess #$TemporalStuffType) (#$comment #$FallSeason "A specialization of #$SeasonOfYear. Each instance of #$FallSeason is the season during a temperate climate cycle (see #$TemperateClimateCycle) during which the bulk of harvesting occurs and many plants cease growth in order to enter a dormant period for the coming Winter. Thus instances of #$FallSeason also typically have harvest celebrations as sub-events. Note that #$FallSeason represents the climatic aspects of Fall; it is _not_ a specialization of #$CalendarSeason. For the collection of temporal extents of fall seasons, see #$CalendarAutumn.") (#$genls #$FallSeason #$Individual) (#$genls #$FallSeason #$SeasonOfYear) (#$isa #$FallSeason #$TemporalObjectType) (#$sharedNotes #$FallSeason #$SharedNoteOnHemispheresAndCalendars) (#$comment #$False "An instance of #$TruthValue. #$False is logical falsehood in Cyc; this is the abstract logical notion--not to be confused with Lisp's NIL, nor with the English word `false'.") (#$isa #$False #$Individual) (#$isa #$False #$LogicalTruthConstant) (#$isa #$False #$TruthValue) (#$comment #$False-JustificationTruth "#$False-JustificationTruth is the attribute of being currently provably false.") (#$isa #$False-JustificationTruth #$Individual) (#$isa #$False-JustificationTruth #$JustificationTruth) (#$comment #$FamilyRelationSlot "A specialization of #$InterPersonalRelationSlot. Each instance of #$FamilyRelationSlot is a binary predicate used to represent relationships among members of human families. Instances of #$FamilyRelationSlot include #$spouse, #$siblings, #$grandmothers, #$grandfathers, #$relatives, and #$cohabitingFamilyMembers.") (#$genls #$FamilyRelationSlot #$InterExistingObjectPredicate) (#$genls #$FamilyRelationSlot #$InterPersonalRelationSlot) (#$isa #$FamilyRelationSlot #$PredicateCategory) (#$sharedNotes #$FamilyRelationSlot #$NoteAboutPredicateCategories) (#$comment #$Family-SocialEntity "A specialization of #$Group. Each instance of #$Family-SocialEntity is a group of people or of other animals related by birth and mating. The kinship relation between group-members of an instance of #$Family-SocialEntity is closer than simply being members of the same species. Instances of #$Family-SocialEntity may (but need not) function together as an #$Organization (q.v.). See also the specialization #$Family-Human.") (#$genls #$Family-SocialEntity #$Individual) (#$genls #$Family-SocialEntity (#$GroupFn #$Animal)) (#$isa #$Family-SocialEntity #$ObjectType) (#$comment #$Famine "A collection of events; a subcollection of #$DisasterEvent. Each instance of #$Famine is an event taking place in a contiguous geographical area in which a lot of people are undergoing #$Starvation.") (#$genls #$Famine #$Individual) (#$genls #$Famine #$PhysicalDestructionEvent) (#$isa #$Famine #$TemporalObjectType) (#$arg1Format #$fanOutArg #$openEntryFormatInArgs) (#$arg1Isa #$fanOutArg #$TransitiveBinaryPredicate) (#$arg2Format #$fanOutArg #$singleEntryFormatInArgs) (#$arg2Isa #$fanOutArg #$PositiveInteger) (#$argFormat #$fanOutArg 1 #$openEntryFormatInArgs) (#$argFormat #$fanOutArg 2 #$singleEntryFormatInArgs) (#$argIsa #$fanOutArg 2 #$PositiveInteger) (#$argIsa #$fanOutArg 2 #$PositiveInteger) (#$argIsa #$fanOutArg 1 #$TransitiveBinaryPredicate) (#$argIsa #$fanOutArg 1 #$TransitiveBinaryPredicate) (#$arity #$fanOutArg 2) (#$comment #$fanOutArg "(#$fanOutArg PRED N) means that transitively-related assertions using PRED usually ''fan out'' in the direction of argument position N. For example, (#$fanOutArg #$geographicalSubRegions 2) means that usually a geographical region has more direct sub-regions than super-regions, so for any region REG there will likely be more assertions of the form (#$geographicalSubRegions REG SUB) than there are assertions of the form (#$geographicalSubRegions SUPER REG).") (#$functionalInArgs #$fanOutArg 2) (#$isa #$fanOutArg #$BinaryPredicate) (#$isa #$fanOutArg #$CoreConstant) (#$isa #$fanOutArg #$DefaultMonotonicPredicate) (#$isa #$fanOutArg #$FunctionalPredicate) (#$comment #$Farmer "A specialization of #$PersonWithOccupation. Each instance of #$Farmer is a person who makes (or significantly supplements) his or her income by farming, where farming includes such activities as growing vegetables, grain, or fruit crops, dairy farming, and raising livestock (e.g., cattle, pigs, sheep, fish) for their meat or other animal products (e.g., wool).") (#$genls #$Farmer #$BlueCollarWorker) (#$genls #$Farmer #$Individual) (#$genls #$Farmer #$PersonWithOccupation) (#$isa #$Farmer #$PersonTypeByOccupation) (#$arg1Isa #$fartherNorthThan #$SpatialThing-Localized) (#$arg1Isa #$fartherNorthThan #$SpatialThing-Localized) (#$arg2Format #$fartherNorthThan #$SetTheFormat) (#$arg2Isa #$fartherNorthThan #$SpatialThing-Localized) (#$arg2Isa #$fartherNorthThan #$SpatialThing-Localized) (#$argFormat #$fartherNorthThan 2 #$SetTheFormat) (#$argIsa #$fartherNorthThan 1 #$SpatialThing-Localized) (#$argIsa #$fartherNorthThan 1 #$SpatialThing-Localized) (#$argIsa #$fartherNorthThan 1 #$SpatialThing-Localized) (#$argIsa #$fartherNorthThan 2 #$SpatialThing-Localized) (#$argIsa #$fartherNorthThan 2 #$SpatialThing-Localized) (#$argIsa #$fartherNorthThan 2 #$SpatialThing-Localized) (#$arity #$fartherNorthThan 2) (#$comment #$fartherNorthThan "(#$fartherNorthThan THING-1 THING-2) means that THING-1 is farther to the north than THING-2 is, although it need not be #$northOf THING-2; they must be on the same planet surface, and the northernmost point(s) of THING-1 is, strictly speaking, closer to the North Pole than the northernmost point(s) of THING-2. Example: (#$fartherNorthThan #$CityOfRomeItaly #$CityOfBostonMA). An example shows a technical difference between #$northOf and #$fartherNorthThan: the #$CityOfRioDeJaneiroBrazil is #$fartherNorthThan the #$CityOfMelbourneAustralia, even though the shortest air route from Melbourne to Rio is to fly directly south (almost over the #$SouthPole).") (#$genlPreds #$fartherNorthThan #$onSamePlanetSurfaceAs) (#$isa #$fartherNorthThan #$AsymmetricBinaryPredicate) (#$isa #$fartherNorthThan #$SpatialPredicate) (#$isa #$fartherNorthThan #$TransitiveBinaryPredicate) (#$arg1Format #$fastenedTo #$openEntryFormatInArgs) (#$arg1Isa #$fastenedTo #$SolidTangibleThing) (#$arg1Isa #$fastenedTo #$SolidTangibleThing) (#$arg2Format #$fastenedTo #$openEntryFormatInArgs) (#$arg2Isa #$fastenedTo #$SolidTangibleThing) (#$arg2Isa #$fastenedTo #$SolidTangibleThing) (#$argFormat #$fastenedTo 1 #$openEntryFormatInArgs) (#$argFormat #$fastenedTo 2 #$openEntryFormatInArgs) (#$argIsa #$fastenedTo 1 #$SolidTangibleThing) (#$argIsa #$fastenedTo 1 #$SolidTangibleThing) (#$argIsa #$fastenedTo 1 #$SolidTangibleThing) (#$argIsa #$fastenedTo 2 #$SolidTangibleThing) (#$argIsa #$fastenedTo 2 #$SolidTangibleThing) (#$argIsa #$fastenedTo 2 #$SolidTangibleThing) (#$arity #$fastenedTo 2) (#$comment #$fastenedTo "(#$fastenedTo OBJ1 OBJ2) means that there is an assembly consisting of OBJ1, OBJ2, and one or more fasteners configured so that OBJ1 and OBJ2 are rigidly connected. The fasteners in question may be (among other things) screws, nails, rivets, nuts and bolts, or staples. The fasteners penetrate all the way through at least one of the objects (either OBJ1 or OBJ2) and may or may not go all the way through the other object. Examples: a utility shelf screwed into the wall; paper notices stapled to a bulletin board; shingles nailed to the roof of a house.") (#$genlInverse #$fastenedTo #$fastenedTo) (#$genlInverse #$fastenedTo #$fastenedTo) (#$genlPreds #$fastenedTo #$connectedTo-Rigidly) (#$genlPreds #$fastenedTo #$connectedViaConnector) (#$genlPreds #$fastenedTo #$touchesDirectly-Apartanomic) (#$isa #$fastenedTo #$ConnectionPredicate) (#$isa #$fastenedTo #$CotemporalObjectsSlot) (#$isa #$fastenedTo #$InterExistingObjectPredicate) (#$isa #$fastenedTo #$SpatialPredicate) (#$isa #$fastenedTo #$SymmetricBinaryPredicate) (#$arg1Isa #$father #$Animal) (#$arg1Isa #$father #$Animal) (#$arg2Format #$father #$SetTheFormat) (#$arg2Format #$father #$SingleEntry) (#$arg2Isa #$father #$MaleAnimal) (#$arg2Isa #$father #$MaleAnimal) (#$argFormat #$father 2 #$SetTheFormat) (#$argFormat #$father 2 #$SingleEntry) (#$argIsa #$father 1 #$Animal) (#$argIsa #$father 1 #$Animal) (#$argIsa #$father 1 #$Animal) (#$argIsa #$father 2 #$MaleAnimal) (#$argIsa #$father 2 #$MaleAnimal) (#$argIsa #$father 2 #$MaleAnimal) (#$arity #$father 2) (#$comment #$father "An instance of #$FamilyRelationSlot and a specialization of #$coreRelatives. (#$father CHILD FATHER) means that FATHER is a male animal (there might be more than one) who fills the role of father for CHILD. In the case of humans, FATHER might be CHILD's biological father, adoptive father, step father, or foster father. But note that being a person's #$biologicalFather (q.v.) is neither necessary nor sufficient for being his/her father in the present sense. In the case of nonhuman animals, however, #$father holds between two given creatures if and only if #$biologicalFather does.") (#$equivPredsWRTTypes #$father #$biologicalFather (#$CollectionDifferenceFn #$Animal #$Person) (#$CollectionDifferenceFn #$Animal #$Person)) (#$equivPredsWRTTypes #$father #$biologicalFather #$NonPersonAnimal #$NonPersonAnimal) (#$genlPreds #$father #$coreRelatives) (#$genlPredsWRTTypes #$father #$biologicalFather (#$CollectionDifferenceFn #$Animal #$Person) (#$CollectionDifferenceFn #$Animal #$Person)) (#$genlPredsWRTTypes #$father #$biologicalFather #$NonPersonAnimal #$NonPersonAnimal) (#$isa #$father #$AntiTransitiveBinaryPredicate) (#$isa #$father #$AntiTransitiveBinaryPredicate) (#$isa #$father #$AsymmetricBinaryPredicate) (#$isa #$father #$BinaryPredicate) (#$isa #$father #$CotemporalObjectsSlot) (#$isa #$father #$FamilyRelationSlot) (#$isa #$father #$InterExistingObjectPredicate) (#$isa #$father #$InterExistingObjectPredicate) (#$negationInverse #$father #$father) (#$negationInverse #$father #$father) (#$negationInverse #$father #$father) (#$arg1Isa #$faxNumberText #$ContactLocation) (#$arg2Format #$faxNumberText #$SetTheFormat) (#$arg2Isa #$faxNumberText #$PhoneNumber) (#$argFormat #$faxNumberText 2 #$SetTheFormat) (#$argIsa #$faxNumberText 1 #$ContactLocation) (#$argIsa #$faxNumberText 1 #$ContactLocation) (#$argIsa #$faxNumberText 2 #$PhoneNumber) (#$argIsa #$faxNumberText 2 #$PhoneNumber) (#$arity #$faxNumberText 2) (#$comment #$faxNumberText "The predicate #$faxNumberText relates a particular location to the fax number at that location. (#$faxNumberText LOC NUM) means that NUM is a string denoting (one of) the fax number(s) of the #$ContactLocation LOC.") (#$isa #$faxNumberText #$BinaryPredicate) (#$comment #$Fear "Unpleasant emotion manifested by painful agitation in the presence or awareness of danger. Fear implies anxiety and loss of courage. This is a collection; for an explanation of a typical #$FeelingType, see #$Happiness. A more specialized #$FeelingType than #$Fear is #$Dread.") (#$genls #$Fear #$FeelingAttribute) (#$isa #$Fear #$AtemporalNecessarilyEssentialCollectionType) (#$isa #$Fear #$FeelingType) (#$comment #$Fearful "A specialization of #$IntelligentAgent. Each instance is an agent in the emotional state of being fearful. Use this constant with a #$GenericValueFunction to denote a collection of agents that are in this emotional state to some varying degree.") (#$genls #$Fearful #$Individual) (#$genls #$Fearful #$IntelligentAgent) (#$isa #$Fearful #$AgentTypeByEmotionalState) (#$isa #$Fearful #$FirstOrderCollection) (#$comment #$February "The collection of all Februaries, the second month of the year in the #$GregorianCalendar.") (#$genls #$February #$CalendarMonth) (#$genls #$February #$CalendarMonth) (#$genls #$February #$Individual) (#$isa #$February #$Collection) (#$isa #$February #$CoreConstant) (#$isa #$February #$MonthOfYearType) (#$temporallySubsumes-TypeType #$February #$CalendarMonth) (#$arg1Isa #$fedByConfluenceOfRivers #$River) (#$arg1Isa #$fedByConfluenceOfRivers #$River) (#$arg2Format #$fedByConfluenceOfRivers #$SetTheFormat) (#$arg2Isa #$fedByConfluenceOfRivers #$River) (#$arg2Isa #$fedByConfluenceOfRivers #$River) (#$argFormat #$fedByConfluenceOfRivers 2 #$SetTheFormat) (#$argIsa #$fedByConfluenceOfRivers 1 #$River) (#$argIsa #$fedByConfluenceOfRivers 1 #$River) (#$argIsa #$fedByConfluenceOfRivers 1 #$River) (#$argIsa #$fedByConfluenceOfRivers 2 #$River) (#$argIsa #$fedByConfluenceOfRivers 2 #$River) (#$argIsa #$fedByConfluenceOfRivers 2 #$River) (#$arity #$fedByConfluenceOfRivers 2) (#$comment #$fedByConfluenceOfRivers "A #$SpatialPredicate and specialization of #$tributaries (q.v.) that holds only between #$Rivers. (#$fedByConfluenceOfRivers BIGRIVER SMALLRIVER) means that BIGRIVER is either formed by or increased in volume by a confluence of rivers that includes SMALLRIVER. That is, there is some place where SMALLRIVER merges with one or more other rivers (besides BIGRIVER itself) to form or increase the volume of BIGRIVER. Note that the #$fedByConfluenceOfRivers relation does _not_ hold in cases where a smaller river feeds all by itself into (and thereby increases the volume of) a bigger river; for such cases use the more general #$tributaries.") (#$genlPreds #$fedByConfluenceOfRivers #$tributaries) (#$isa #$fedByConfluenceOfRivers #$AntiTransitiveBinaryPredicate) (#$isa #$fedByConfluenceOfRivers #$AsymmetricBinaryPredicate) (#$isa #$fedByConfluenceOfRivers #$InterExistingObjectPredicate) (#$isa #$fedByConfluenceOfRivers #$SpatialPredicate) (#$negationInverse #$fedByConfluenceOfRivers #$fedByConfluenceOfRivers) (#$comment #$FeelingAttribute "The collection of all emotions and mental feelings. As an emotion/feeling can be experienced in various degrees of intensity, an instance of #$FeelingAttribute is some particular \"relative amount\" of happiness, confidence, fear, or whatever. These \"relative amounts\" can be measured using the #$GenericValueFunctions (q.v.), such as #$LowAmountFn, #$VeryHighAmountFn, etc. For example, (#$LowAmountFn #$Happiness) is the #$FeelingAttribute of feeling a relatively low amount of happiness. (Note that #$Happiness itself is not an individual feeling attribute but a _collection_ of #$FeelingAttributes -- a #$FeelingType (q.v.) -- whose instances are the individual attributes of feeling particular relative amounts of happiness; (#$LowAmountFn #$Happiness) is one such instance.)") (#$disjointWith #$FeelingAttribute #$HumanRelationshipAttribute) (#$disjointWith #$FeelingAttribute #$Rate) (#$genls #$FeelingAttribute #$ScalarInterval) (#$isa #$FeelingAttribute #$AtemporalNecessarilyEssentialCollectionType) (#$isa #$FeelingAttribute #$CompositeScalarIntervalType) (#$comment #$FeelingOfCompetence "A feeling of self-confidence with respect to a certain kind of task or area of expertise. This is a #$Collection --- for an explanation of that, see #$Happiness.") (#$genls #$FeelingOfCompetence #$Confidence) (#$isa #$FeelingOfCompetence #$AtemporalNecessarilyEssentialCollectionType) (#$isa #$FeelingOfCompetence #$FeelingType) (#$comment #$FeelingType "A collection of collections. Each instance of #$FeelingType is a type of emotion or mental feeling. Instances of #$FeelingType include #$Envy, #$Curiosity, and #$PrideOfAccomplishment. See also #$FeelingAttribute. (For the rationale behind treating feelings as _types_ -- i.e. collections -- of attributes, see the comment on #$Happiness.)") (#$disjointWith #$FeelingType #$SensoryReactionType) (#$genls #$FeelingType #$FirstOrderCollection) (#$genls #$FeelingType #$PrimitiveScalarIntervalType) (#$isa #$FeelingType #$AtemporalNecessarilyEssentialCollectionType) (#$isa #$FeelingType #$CollectionType) (#$isa #$FeelingType #$CollectionType) (#$isa #$FeelingType #$SecondOrderCollection) (#$typeGenls #$FeelingType #$FeelingAttribute) (#$arg1Isa #$feelsEmotion #$IntelligentAgent) (#$arg2Isa #$feelsEmotion #$FeelingAttribute) (#$argIsa #$feelsEmotion 2 #$FeelingAttribute) (#$argIsa #$feelsEmotion 2 #$FeelingAttribute) (#$argIsa #$feelsEmotion 1 #$IntelligentAgent) (#$argIsa #$feelsEmotion 1 #$IntelligentAgent) (#$arity #$feelsEmotion 2) (#$comment #$feelsEmotion "(#$feelsEmotion AGENT FEELING) means that AGENT has the #$FeelingAttribute FEELING. For example (#$feelsEmotion AGENT (#$HighAmountFn #$Happiness)) means that AGENT is feeling a high amount of happiness.") (#$isa #$feelsEmotion #$BinaryPredicate) (#$isa #$feelsEmotion #$CotemporalPredicate) (#$isa #$feelsEmotion #$ObjectPredicate) (#$comment #$FelidaeFamily "The family of which cats - housecats, lions, tigers, etc. - are members.") (#$genls #$FelidaeFamily #$CarnivoreOrder) (#$genls #$FelidaeFamily #$TerrestrialOrganism) (#$isa #$FelidaeFamily #$BiologicalFamily) (#$isa #$FelidaeFamily #$ExistingObjectType) (#$comment #$FemaleAnimal "The collection of all female animals.") (#$disjointWith #$FemaleAnimal #$MaleAnimal) (#$genls #$FemaleAnimal #$Animal) (#$genls #$FemaleAnimal #$Individual) (#$isa #$FemaleAnimal #$AnimalTypeByGender) (#$isa #$FemaleAnimal #$ExistingObjectType) (#$genls (#$FemaleFn #$Bird) #$Animal) (#$genls (#$FemaleFn #$Dog) #$Animal) (#$genls (#$FemaleFn #$LawEnforcementOfficer) #$Animal) (#$genls (#$FemaleFn #$Mammal) #$Animal) (#$genls (#$FemaleFn #$Person) #$Animal) (#$genls (#$FemaleFn #$Primate) #$Animal) (#$genls (#$FemaleFn #$Bird) #$Bird) (#$genls (#$FemaleFn #$Bird) #$Bird) (#$genls (#$FemaleFn #$Dog) #$Dog) (#$genls (#$FemaleFn #$Bird) #$FemaleAnimal) (#$genls (#$FemaleFn #$Dog) #$FemaleAnimal) (#$genls (#$FemaleFn #$LawEnforcementOfficer) #$FemaleAnimal) (#$genls (#$FemaleFn #$Mammal) #$FemaleAnimal) (#$genls (#$FemaleFn #$Person) #$FemaleAnimal) (#$genls (#$FemaleFn #$Primate) #$FemaleAnimal) (#$genls (#$FemaleFn #$Primate) (#$FemaleFn #$Mammal)) (#$genls (#$FemaleFn :BASE-WORD-DENOT) #$Individual) (#$genls (#$FemaleFn #$Bird) #$Individual) (#$genls (#$FemaleFn #$Dog) #$Individual) (#$genls (#$FemaleFn #$LawEnforcementOfficer) #$Individual) (#$genls (#$FemaleFn #$Mammal) #$Individual) (#$genls (#$FemaleFn #$Person) #$Individual) (#$genls (#$FemaleFn #$Primate) #$Individual) (#$genls (#$FemaleFn #$LawEnforcementOfficer) #$LawEnforcementOfficer) (#$genls (#$FemaleFn #$LawEnforcementOfficer) #$LawEnforcementOfficer) (#$genls (#$FemaleFn #$Mammal) #$Mammal) (#$genls (#$FemaleFn #$Person) #$Person) (#$genls (#$FemaleFn #$Primate) #$Primate) (#$isa (#$FemaleFn :BASE-WORD-DENOT) #$ExistingObjectType) (#$isa (#$FemaleFn #$Bird) #$ExistingObjectType) (#$isa (#$FemaleFn #$Dog) #$ExistingObjectType) (#$isa (#$FemaleFn #$LawEnforcementOfficer) #$ExistingObjectType) (#$isa (#$FemaleFn #$Mammal) #$ExistingObjectType) (#$isa (#$FemaleFn #$Person) #$ExistingObjectType) (#$isa (#$FemaleFn #$Primate) #$ExistingObjectType) (#$isa (#$FemaleFn #$Dog) #$OrganismClassificationType) (#$arg1Genl #$FemaleFn #$Animal) (#$arg1Genl #$FemaleFn #$Animal) (#$arg1Isa #$FemaleFn #$ExistingObjectType) (#$arg1Isa #$FemaleFn #$ExistingObjectType) (#$argGenl #$FemaleFn 1 #$Animal) (#$argGenl #$FemaleFn 1 #$Animal) (#$argGenl #$FemaleFn 1 #$Animal) (#$argIsa #$FemaleFn 1 #$ExistingObjectType) (#$argIsa #$FemaleFn 1 #$ExistingObjectType) (#$argIsa #$FemaleFn 1 #$ExistingObjectType) (#$arity #$FemaleFn 1) (#$comment #$FemaleFn "An instance of #$CollectionDenotingFunction. (#$FemaleFn ORGTYPE) returns the subcollection of the animal taxonomic collection ORGTYPE which includes all and only the females of ORGTYPE. For example, (#$FemaleFn #$Person) and #$FemalePerson denote the same collection, while (#$FemaleFn #$Deer) denotes the collection of all female members of #$Deer.") (#$functionCommutesWith #$FemaleFn #$JuvenileFn) (#$isa #$FemaleFn #$CollectionDenotingFunction) (#$isa #$FemaleFn #$CollectionDenotingFunction) (#$isa #$FemaleFn #$CollectionDenotingFunction) (#$isa #$FemaleFn #$UnaryIntersectionFunction) (#$resultGenlArg #$FemaleFn 1) (#$resultGenlArg #$FemaleFn 1) (#$resultGenlArg #$FemaleFn 1) (#$resultGenl #$FemaleFn #$Animal) (#$resultGenl #$FemaleFn #$FemaleAnimal) (#$resultGenl #$FemaleFn #$Individual) (#$resultIsa #$FemaleFn #$ExistingObjectType) (#$resultIsa #$FemaleFn #$ExistingObjectType) (#$resultIsa #$FemaleFn #$ExistingObjectType) (#$arg1Isa #$femaleParentActor #$SexualReproductionEvent) (#$arg1Isa #$femaleParentActor #$SexualReproductionEvent) (#$arg2Format #$femaleParentActor #$SingleEntry) (#$arg2Isa #$femaleParentActor #$Organism-Whole) (#$arg2Isa #$femaleParentActor #$Organism-Whole) (#$argFormat #$femaleParentActor 2 #$SingleEntry) (#$argIsa #$femaleParentActor 2 #$Organism-Whole) (#$argIsa #$femaleParentActor 2 #$Organism-Whole) (#$argIsa #$femaleParentActor 2 #$Organism-Whole) (#$argIsa #$femaleParentActor 1 #$SexualReproductionEvent) (#$argIsa #$femaleParentActor 1 #$SexualReproductionEvent) (#$argIsa #$femaleParentActor 1 #$SexualReproductionEvent) (#$arity #$femaleParentActor 2) (#$comment #$femaleParentActor "(#$femaleParentActor EVENT ORGANISM) means that ORGANISM is the female parent in the #$SexualReproductionEvent EVENT.") (#$functionalInArgs #$femaleParentActor 2) (#$genlPreds #$femaleParentActor #$parentActors) (#$isa #$femaleParentActor #$ActorSlot) (#$isa #$femaleParentActor #$StrictlyFunctionalSlot) (#$strictlyFunctionalInArgs #$femaleParentActor 2) (#$minimizeExtent #$femaleParentActor) (#$comment #$FemalePerson "A specialization of both #$Person and #$FemaleAnimal. The collection of all female persons.") (#$genls #$FemalePerson #$Person) (#$genls #$FemalePerson (#$FemaleFn #$Primate)) (#$isa #$FemalePerson #$Collection) (#$isa #$FemalePerson #$OrganismClassificationType) (#$isa #$FemalePerson #$PersonTypeByCulture) (#$rewriteOf #$FemalePerson (#$FemaleFn #$Person)) (#$comment #$Ferry "#$Ferry is a specialization of #$Ship and #$PublicTransportationDevice. Each instance of #$Ferry is a ferryboat, i.e., boats that are used to carry people, goods or vehicles across rivers, lakes, canals or channels etc. or even from one side of a harbor to another, but normally not used to cross oceans. #$Ferry is disjoint with #$OceanLiner.") (#$genls #$Ferry #$Individual) (#$genls #$Ferry #$PublicTransportationDevice) (#$genls #$Ferry #$Ship) (#$isa #$Ferry #$ExistingObjectType) (#$isa #$Ferry #$WaterVehicleTypeByDesign) (#$isa #$Ferry #$WaterVehicleTypeByDesign) (#$comment #$FeverInfection "An instance of #$InfectionTypeBySymptomology, and a specialization of #$Infection. Each instance of #$FeverInfection is an infection whose symptoms include prolonged episodes of fever (see the constant #$Fever).") (#$genls #$FeverInfection #$Individual) (#$genls #$FeverInfection #$Infection) (#$isa #$FeverInfection #$DiseaseType) (#$isa #$FeverInfection #$InfectionTypeBySymptomology) (#$arg1Isa #$few-GenQuantRelnFrom #$BinaryRelation) (#$arg2Isa #$few-GenQuantRelnFrom #$Thing) (#$arg3Isa #$few-GenQuantRelnFrom #$SetOrCollection) (#$argIsa #$few-GenQuantRelnFrom 1 #$BinaryRelation) (#$argIsa #$few-GenQuantRelnFrom 1 #$BinaryRelation) (#$argIsa #$few-GenQuantRelnFrom 3 #$SetOrCollection) (#$argIsa #$few-GenQuantRelnFrom 3 #$SetOrCollection) (#$argIsa #$few-GenQuantRelnFrom 2 #$Thing) (#$argIsa #$few-GenQuantRelnFrom 2 #$Thing) (#$arity #$few-GenQuantRelnFrom 3) (#$comment #$few-GenQuantRelnFrom "(#$few-GenQuantRelnFrom RELN COL THING) is true if few of the instances INST of COL are such that (RELN THING INST) holds.") (#$comment #$few-GenQuantRelnFrom "(#$few-GenQuantRelnFrom RELN THING COL) is true if few of the instances INST of COL are such that (RELN THING INST) holds.") (#$isa #$few-GenQuantRelnFrom #$GeneralizedQuantifierRelation) (#$isa #$few-GenQuantRelnFrom #$InstanceTypeTernaryRuleMacroPredicate) (#$isa #$few-GenQuantRelnFrom #$RuleMacroPredicate) (#$isa #$few-GenQuantRelnFrom #$TernaryPredicate) (#$arg1Isa #$few-GenQuantRelnFromType #$BinaryRelation) (#$arg2Isa #$few-GenQuantRelnFromType #$SetOrCollection) (#$arg3Isa #$few-GenQuantRelnFromType #$SetOrCollection) (#$argIsa #$few-GenQuantRelnFromType 1 #$BinaryRelation) (#$argIsa #$few-GenQuantRelnFromType 1 #$BinaryRelation) (#$argIsa #$few-GenQuantRelnFromType 2 #$SetOrCollection) (#$argIsa #$few-GenQuantRelnFromType 2 #$SetOrCollection) (#$argIsa #$few-GenQuantRelnFromType 3 #$SetOrCollection) (#$argIsa #$few-GenQuantRelnFromType 3 #$SetOrCollection) (#$arity #$few-GenQuantRelnFromType 3) (#$comment #$few-GenQuantRelnFromType "(#$few-GenQuantRelnFromType RELN COL2 COL1) means that for few of the instances X of COL1 there is an instance INST of COL2 such that (RELN INST X) holds.") (#$isa #$few-GenQuantRelnFromType #$GeneralizedQuantifierRelation) (#$isa #$few-GenQuantRelnFromType #$RuleMacroPredicate) (#$isa #$few-GenQuantRelnFromType #$TernaryPredicate) (#$isa #$few-GenQuantRelnFromType #$TypeTypeTernaryRuleMacroPredicate) (#$arg1Isa #$few-GenQuantRelnTo #$BinaryRelation) (#$arg2Isa #$few-GenQuantRelnTo #$SetOrCollection) (#$arg3Isa #$few-GenQuantRelnTo #$Thing) (#$argIsa #$few-GenQuantRelnTo 1 #$BinaryRelation) (#$argIsa #$few-GenQuantRelnTo 1 #$BinaryRelation) (#$argIsa #$few-GenQuantRelnTo 2 #$SetOrCollection) (#$argIsa #$few-GenQuantRelnTo 2 #$SetOrCollection) (#$argIsa #$few-GenQuantRelnTo 3 #$Thing) (#$argIsa #$few-GenQuantRelnTo 3 #$Thing) (#$arity #$few-GenQuantRelnTo 3) (#$comment #$few-GenQuantRelnTo "(#$few-GenQuantRelnTo RELN COL THING) is true if few of the instances X of COL are such that (RELN X THING) holds.") (#$isa #$few-GenQuantRelnTo #$GeneralizedQuantifierRelation) (#$isa #$few-GenQuantRelnTo #$RuleMacroPredicate) (#$isa #$few-GenQuantRelnTo #$TernaryPredicate) (#$isa #$few-GenQuantRelnTo #$TypeInstanceTernaryRuleMacroPredicate) (#$arg1Isa #$few-GenQuantRelnToType #$BinaryRelation) (#$arg2Isa #$few-GenQuantRelnToType #$SetOrCollection) (#$arg3Isa #$few-GenQuantRelnToType #$SetOrCollection) (#$argIsa #$few-GenQuantRelnToType 1 #$BinaryRelation) (#$argIsa #$few-GenQuantRelnToType 1 #$BinaryRelation) (#$argIsa #$few-GenQuantRelnToType 2 #$SetOrCollection) (#$argIsa #$few-GenQuantRelnToType 2 #$SetOrCollection) (#$argIsa #$few-GenQuantRelnToType 3 #$SetOrCollection) (#$argIsa #$few-GenQuantRelnToType 3 #$SetOrCollection) (#$arity #$few-GenQuantRelnToType 3) (#$comment #$few-GenQuantRelnToType "(#$few-GenQuantRelnToType RELN COL1 COL2) means that for few of the instances X of COL1 there is an instance INST of COL2 such that (RELN X INST) holds.") (#$isa #$few-GenQuantRelnToType #$GeneralizedQuantifierRelation) (#$isa #$few-GenQuantRelnToType #$RuleMacroPredicate) (#$isa #$few-GenQuantRelnToType #$TernaryPredicate) (#$isa #$few-GenQuantRelnToType #$TypeTypeTernaryRuleMacroPredicate) (#$comment #$FictionalContext "The collection of #$FictionalOrMythologicalContexts which are (1) created intentionally, not by error or chance or gradual evolution and accretion in a culture, and (2) typically are the information content of some #$InformationBearingThing, and (3) are not expected (by their creator) to be believed as factual, nor do their creators believe them to be factual. In addition to asserting fictional propositions about existing things, a #$FictionalContext may include terms for nonexistent things. Examples: #$MiddleEarthMt, #$AdventuresOfHuckleberryFinn.") (#$genls #$FictionalContext #$Microtheory) (#$isa #$FictionalContext #$MicrotheoryType) (#$arg1Format #$fieldCodes #$SetTheFormat) (#$arg1Isa #$fieldCodes #$Thing) (#$arg2Format #$fieldCodes #$SetTheFormat) (#$arg2Isa #$fieldCodes #$SubLAtom) (#$arg3Format #$fieldCodes #$SetTheFormat) (#$arg3Isa #$fieldCodes #$Thing) (#$argFormat #$fieldCodes 1 #$SetTheFormat) (#$argFormat #$fieldCodes 2 #$SetTheFormat) (#$argFormat #$fieldCodes 3 #$SetTheFormat) (#$argIsa #$fieldCodes 2 #$SubLAtom) (#$argIsa #$fieldCodes 2 #$SubLAtom) (#$argIsa #$fieldCodes 1 #$Thing) (#$argIsa #$fieldCodes 3 #$Thing) (#$argIsa #$fieldCodes 3 #$Thing) (#$arity #$fieldCodes 3) (#$comment #$fieldCodes "(#$fieldCodes FIELD VALUE MEANING) indicates that if the value of the logical or physical field FIELD is VALUE, it should be interpreted to mean MEANING.") (#$isa #$fieldCodes #$TernaryPredicate) (#$comment #$FieldOfStudy "A specialization of #$AbstractInformationalThing. Each instance of #$FieldOfStudy is a particular area of study, with its own distinctive set of theories, hypotheses, and problems. Instances of #$FieldOfStudy are typically the subject of teaching and/or research within instances of #$AcademicDepartment (q.v.), although one #$AcademicDepartment may cover several instances of #$FieldOfStudy. Instances of #$FieldOfStudy include #$ArtHistory, #$Physics, and #$ArtificialIntelligence.") (#$disjointWith #$FieldOfStudy #$Agent-Generic) (#$disjointWith #$FieldOfStudy #$CommunicationConvention) (#$disjointWith #$FieldOfStudy #$LinguisticObject) (#$genls #$FieldOfStudy #$AbstractInformationalThing) (#$genls #$FieldOfStudy #$Individual) (#$isa #$FieldOfStudy #$AtemporalNecessarilyEssentialCollectionType) (#$isa #$FieldOfStudy #$ObjectType) (#$arg1Format #$fieldsOfActivity #$SetTheFormat) (#$arg1Isa #$fieldsOfActivity #$Person) (#$arg1Isa #$fieldsOfActivity #$Person) (#$arg2Format #$fieldsOfActivity #$SetTheFormat) (#$arg2Isa #$fieldsOfActivity #$FieldOfStudy) (#$arg2Isa #$fieldsOfActivity #$FieldOfStudy) (#$argFormat #$fieldsOfActivity 1 #$SetTheFormat) (#$argFormat #$fieldsOfActivity 2 #$SetTheFormat) (#$argIsa #$fieldsOfActivity 2 #$FieldOfStudy) (#$argIsa #$fieldsOfActivity 2 #$FieldOfStudy) (#$argIsa #$fieldsOfActivity 2 #$FieldOfStudy) (#$argIsa #$fieldsOfActivity 1 #$Person) (#$argIsa #$fieldsOfActivity 1 #$Person) (#$argIsa #$fieldsOfActivity 1 #$Person) (#$arity #$fieldsOfActivity 2) (#$comment #$fieldsOfActivity "A specialization of #$fieldsOfCompetence. (#$fieldsOfActivity PERSON FIELD) means that PERSON is or was active in the #$FieldOfStudy FIELD. Usually, PERSON has made, is making, or intends to make some contribution to FIELD. E.g. (#$fieldsOfActivity #$Thales #$MilesianSchool) holds.") (#$genlPreds #$fieldsOfActivity #$fieldsOfCompetence) (#$isa #$fieldsOfActivity #$BinaryPredicate) (#$relationAllExists #$fieldsOfActivity #$Scientist #$ScientificFieldOfStudy) (#$arg1Format #$fieldsOfCompetence #$SetTheFormat) (#$arg1Isa #$fieldsOfCompetence #$Person) (#$arg1Isa #$fieldsOfCompetence #$Person) (#$arg2Format #$fieldsOfCompetence #$SetTheFormat) (#$arg2Isa #$fieldsOfCompetence #$FieldOfStudy) (#$arg2Isa #$fieldsOfCompetence #$FieldOfStudy) (#$argFormat #$fieldsOfCompetence 1 #$SetTheFormat) (#$argFormat #$fieldsOfCompetence 2 #$SetTheFormat) (#$argIsa #$fieldsOfCompetence 2 #$FieldOfStudy) (#$argIsa #$fieldsOfCompetence 2 #$FieldOfStudy) (#$argIsa #$fieldsOfCompetence 2 #$FieldOfStudy) (#$argIsa #$fieldsOfCompetence 1 #$Person) (#$argIsa #$fieldsOfCompetence 1 #$Person) (#$argIsa #$fieldsOfCompetence 1 #$Person) (#$arity #$fieldsOfCompetence 2) (#$comment #$fieldsOfCompetence "(#$fieldsOfCompetence PERSON FIELD) means that the #$Person PERSON has actual competence and knowledgability in the #$FieldOfStudy FIELD, or at least is recognized by peers and colleagues in FIELD as being competent in FIELD. See also the related predicates #$expertRegarding and #$domainsOfSpecialization.") (#$genlPreds #$fieldsOfCompetence #$knowsAbout) (#$isa #$fieldsOfCompetence #$BinaryPredicate) (#$arg1Format #$fieldsOfFormalEducation #$SetTheFormat) (#$arg1Isa #$fieldsOfFormalEducation #$Person) (#$arg1Isa #$fieldsOfFormalEducation #$Person) (#$arg2Format #$fieldsOfFormalEducation #$SetTheFormat) (#$arg2Isa #$fieldsOfFormalEducation #$FieldOfStudy) (#$arg2Isa #$fieldsOfFormalEducation #$FieldOfStudy) (#$argFormat #$fieldsOfFormalEducation 1 #$SetTheFormat) (#$argFormat #$fieldsOfFormalEducation 2 #$SetTheFormat) (#$argIsa #$fieldsOfFormalEducation 2 #$FieldOfStudy) (#$argIsa #$fieldsOfFormalEducation 2 #$FieldOfStudy) (#$argIsa #$fieldsOfFormalEducation 2 #$FieldOfStudy) (#$argIsa #$fieldsOfFormalEducation 1 #$Person) (#$argIsa #$fieldsOfFormalEducation 1 #$Person) (#$argIsa #$fieldsOfFormalEducation 1 #$Person) (#$arity #$fieldsOfFormalEducation 2) (#$comment #$fieldsOfFormalEducation "(#$fieldsOfFormalEducation PERSON FIELD) means that the #$Person PERSON has had formal academic or tutorial education in the #$FieldOfStudy FIELD.") (#$genlPreds #$fieldsOfFormalEducation #$fieldsOfCompetence) (#$isa #$fieldsOfFormalEducation #$BinaryPredicate) (#$relationAllExists #$fieldsOfFormalEducation #$Scientist #$ScientificFieldOfStudy) (#$comment #$Fight-Physical "The collection of all #$ConflictEvents in which two or more #$competingAgents try to subdue each other by inflicting physical injury. A #$Fight-Physical may be between individuals or between groups, and may involve weapons or not. The #$competingAgents may be #$Persons or #$NonPersonAnimals. The fighting must be mutual; if one side refuses to attack the other or tries to flee instead of attacking, it is not a #$Fight-Physical.") (#$genls #$Fight-Physical #$ConflictEvent) (#$genls #$Fight-Physical #$Individual) (#$isa #$Fight-Physical #$TemporalStuffType) (#$subEventTypes #$Fight-Physical #$PhysicallyAttackingAnAgent) (#$comment #$Figure-Geometrical "Instances of #$Figure-Geometrical can be conceived as bounded regions of space or sets of points and lines. A single point, a set of scattered points are not instances of this collection. Note that this collection includes line segments, but not unbounded lines. An important subcollection is #$PlaneFigure-Geometrical.") (#$genls #$Figure-Geometrical #$GeometricallyDescribableThing-Intangible) (#$genls #$Figure-Geometrical #$Individual) (#$isa #$Figure-Geometrical #$GenericShapeType) (#$siblingDisjointExceptions #$Figure-Geometrical #$Ellipse) (#$siblingDisjointExceptions #$Figure-Geometrical #$RoundThing) (#$siblingDisjointExceptions #$Figure-Geometrical #$ShapedThing) (#$arg1Format #$fileCopyFoundOnComputer #$SetTheFormat) (#$arg1Isa #$fileCopyFoundOnComputer #$ComputerFileCopy) (#$arg1Isa #$fileCopyFoundOnComputer #$ComputerFileCopy) (#$arg2Format #$fileCopyFoundOnComputer #$SetTheFormat) (#$arg2Isa #$fileCopyFoundOnComputer #$ComputationalSystem) (#$arg2Isa #$fileCopyFoundOnComputer #$ComputationalSystem) (#$argFormat #$fileCopyFoundOnComputer 1 #$SetTheFormat) (#$argFormat #$fileCopyFoundOnComputer 2 #$SetTheFormat) (#$argIsa #$fileCopyFoundOnComputer 2 #$ComputationalSystem) (#$argIsa #$fileCopyFoundOnComputer 2 #$ComputationalSystem) (#$argIsa #$fileCopyFoundOnComputer 2 #$ComputationalSystem) (#$argIsa #$fileCopyFoundOnComputer 1 #$ComputerFileCopy) (#$argIsa #$fileCopyFoundOnComputer 1 #$ComputerFileCopy) (#$argIsa #$fileCopyFoundOnComputer 1 #$ComputerFileCopy) (#$arity #$fileCopyFoundOnComputer 2) (#$comment #$fileCopyFoundOnComputer "This predicate relates computer file copies to computational systems. (#$fileCopyFoundOnComputer COPY COMPUTER) means that COPY is found on COMPUTER, (e.g. in memory, on disk, etc.). Cf. #$fileFoundOnComputer.") (#$genlInverse #$fileCopyFoundOnComputer #$partOfIBT) (#$isa #$fileCopyFoundOnComputer #$BinaryPredicate) (#$typedGenlInverse #$fileCopyFoundOnComputer #$partOfIBT) (#$comment #$FileDirectory "A specialization of #$DynamicIndexedInfoSource and #$ComputerFile-CW. Each instance of #$FileDirectory is a directory structure comprised of other directories, instances of #$ComputerFile-CW, symbolic links, or the logical names of devices. In #$MSWindowsOperatingSystem terminology, instances of this collection are called \"folders\". On a #$UnixOS, a directory is a list of names and inode (#$FileIndexNode) numbers.") (#$disjointWith #$FileDirectory #$ComputerProgram-CW) (#$genls #$FileDirectory #$ComputerFile-CW) (#$genls #$FileDirectory #$DynamicIndexedInfoSource) (#$genls #$FileDirectory #$Individual) (#$isa #$FileDirectory #$ObjectType) (#$comment #$FinancialAccount "A specialization of #$Account. Each instance of #$FinancialAccount is an account which is denominated in units of #$MonetaryValue (q.v.). Specializations of #$FinancialAccount include #$BankAccount, #$CreditCardAccount, and #$VendorAccount.") (#$genls #$FinancialAccount #$Account) (#$genls #$FinancialAccount #$PropositionalInformationThing) (#$isa #$FinancialAccount #$AccountType) (#$isa #$FinancialAccount #$TemporalStuffType) (#$comment #$FinancialAccountTenderObject "A specialization of #$TenderObject. Each instance of #$FinancialAccountTenderObject is an object (e.g., a check or a credit card) that serves as a means for offering payment in funds drawn on an associated instance of #$FinancialAccount. The liquidity of an instance of #$FinancialAccountTenderObject depends on the status of the associated financial account (see the predicates #$accountBalance and #$accountStatus).") (#$genls #$FinancialAccountTenderObject #$Individual) (#$genls #$FinancialAccountTenderObject #$TenderObject) (#$isa #$FinancialAccountTenderObject #$ExistingObjectType) (#$comment #$FinancialAssetHoldings "A collection of partially tangibles. An instance of #$FinancialAssetHoldings is a group of financial assets (e.g., stocks, bonds, ... ) owned by individual or corporate #$Agent(s). As a default, we assume that the monetary value of each group equals the sum of the monetary values of the individual assets in that group.") (#$genls #$FinancialAssetHoldings #$Holdings) (#$genls #$FinancialAssetHoldings #$Individual) (#$isa #$FinancialAssetHoldings #$ExistingObjectType) (#$comment #$FinancialCompany "#$FinancialCompany is a specialization of #$PrivateSectorOrganization, #$FinancialOrganization, and #$CommercialServiceOrganization. Each instance of #$FinancialCompany is a business engaged in financial activities as it's main concern. An instance of #$FinancialCompany is a commercial service organization that buys, sells, trades, converts, or lends money, in the form of currency or negotiable financial instruments (such as stocks, bonds, commodities futures, etc.), as (one of) its major function(s). The collection #$FinancialCompany does not include businesses, such as retailers, which simply exchange goods or non-financial services for money. Examples: Chase Bank, University Federal Credit Union, Fidelity Investments (but NOT the IMF). Cf. the supercollection #$FinancialOrganization for non-business organizations engaged in financial activities (such as the IMF).") (#$genls #$FinancialCompany #$CommercialServiceOrganization) (#$genls #$FinancialCompany #$FinancialOrganization) (#$genls #$FinancialCompany #$Individual) (#$genls #$FinancialCompany #$PrivateSectorOrganization) (#$isa #$FinancialCompany #$ExistingObjectType) (#$comment #$FinancialOrganization "#$FinancialOrganization is a specialization of #$Organization. Each instance of #$FinancialOrganization is primarily or significantly engaged in the #$FinancialIndustry or whose activities focus on that industry. Instances of both #$CommercialServiceOrganizations (e.g., banks and brokerage houses) and #$NonProfitOrganizations (e.g., #$InternationalMonetaryFund) may be instances of #$FinancialOrganization. Specializations of #$FinancialOrganization include #$BankCompany, #$FinancialExchange, and #$InvestmentOrganization.") (#$disjointWith #$FinancialOrganization #$ConstructionRepairOrMaintenanceOrganization) (#$disjointWith #$FinancialOrganization #$TransportationOrganization) (#$disjointWith #$FinancialOrganization #$TravelOrganization) (#$genls #$FinancialOrganization #$Individual) (#$genls #$FinancialOrganization #$Organization) (#$isa #$FinancialOrganization #$ExistingObjectType) (#$isa #$FinancialOrganization #$OrganizationTypeByIndustry) (#$comment #$FinancialTransactionMt "Formerly named MoneyGMt; The generic microtheory for money matters.") (#$genlMt #$FinancialTransactionMt #$BaseKB) (#$genlMt #$FinancialTransactionMt #$BaseKB) (#$genlMt #$FinancialTransactionMt #$GenericTemporalVocabularyMt) (#$genlMt #$FinancialTransactionMt #$MathMt) (#$genlMt #$FinancialTransactionMt #$OrganizationMt) (#$isa #$FinancialTransactionMt #$GeneralMicrotheory) (#$isa #$FinancialTransactionMt #$TheoryMicrotheory) (#$comment #$Finger "The collection of all digits of all #$Hands (q.v.). Fingers are (typically) flexibly jointed and are necessary to enabling the hand (and its owner) to perform grasping and manipulation actions.") (#$genls #$Finger #$Appendage-AnimalBodyPart) (#$genls #$Finger #$Digit-AnatomicalPart) (#$genls #$Finger #$Individual) (#$isa #$Finger #$AnimalBodyPartType) (#$arg1Isa #$finitaryJunctionInSystem #$Thing) (#$arg1Isa #$finitaryJunctionInSystem #$Thing) (#$arg2Isa #$finitaryJunctionInSystem #$PathSystem) (#$arg2Isa #$finitaryJunctionInSystem #$PathSystem) (#$argIsa #$finitaryJunctionInSystem 2 #$PathSystem) (#$argIsa #$finitaryJunctionInSystem 2 #$PathSystem) (#$argIsa #$finitaryJunctionInSystem 2 #$PathSystem) (#$argIsa #$finitaryJunctionInSystem 1 #$Thing) (#$argIsa #$finitaryJunctionInSystem 1 #$Thing) (#$argIsa #$finitaryJunctionInSystem 1 #$Thing) (#$arity #$finitaryJunctionInSystem 2) (#$comment #$finitaryJunctionInSystem "(#$finitaryJunctionInSystem X SYS) means that X is a finitary junction in the #$PathSystem SYS, i.e., X is an intersection joining only finitely many links and loops in SYS. More strictly, a junction X in a #$PathSystem SYS is finitary if there are only finitely many links and loops in SYS that X is on. As examples, all 3-way or 4-way junctions in SYS are finitary junctions. See #$threeWayJunctionInSystem, #$fourWayJunctionInSystem, #$junctionInSystem and #$FinitaryJunctionPathSystem") (#$genlPreds #$finitaryJunctionInSystem #$junctionInSystem) (#$isa #$finitaryJunctionInSystem #$AsymmetricBinaryPredicate) (#$isa #$finitaryJunctionInSystem #$PathSystemCycLConstant) (#$negationInverse #$finitaryJunctionInSystem #$finitaryJunctionInSystem) (#$negationInverse #$finitaryJunctionInSystem #$finitaryJunctionInSystem) (#$negationPreds #$finitaryJunctionInSystem #$deadEndInSystem) (#$negationPreds #$finitaryJunctionInSystem #$isolatedNodeInSystem) (#$comment #$Firewall-Network "A specialization of #$Computer and of #$SinglePurposeDevice. Each instance of this collection is a dedicated hardware machine designed to run #$FirewallPrograms in order to increase the security of a #$ComputerNetwork by filtering out incoming packets (see #$Packet-Network) according to specific rules.") (#$genls #$Firewall-Network #$Computer) (#$genls #$Firewall-Network #$Individual) (#$genls #$Firewall-Network #$SinglePurposeDevice) (#$isa #$Firewall-Network #$ExistingObjectType) (#$isa #$Firewall-Network #$ProductType) (#$comment #$FirewallProgram "A specialization of #$SecurityProgram and #$ServerProgram. Each instance of this collection is a program designed to filter packets (see #$Packet-Network) that enter the network or computer that it is protecting. Firewall filtering rules -- usually stored in a coinfiguration file accessed by th program -- describe what the program should do with various kinds of packets -- accepting them and routing them toward their destination, discarding them as though they were never received, or dropping them with a notification sent to the sending machine. Which occurs is determined by whether information in the packet headers satisfies criteria stated in the firewall rules. Any machine that runs a firewall program is a #$Firewall-Network.") (#$genls #$FirewallProgram #$Individual) (#$genls #$FirewallProgram #$ServerProgram) (#$isa #$FirewallProgram #$ObjectType) (#$isa #$FirewallProgram #$TemporalStuffType) (#$arg1Isa #$FirstInListFn #$List) (#$argIsa #$FirstInListFn 1 #$List) (#$argIsa #$FirstInListFn 1 #$List) (#$arity #$FirstInListFn 1) (#$comment #$FirstInListFn "The function #$FirstInListFn, applied to a list as in (#$FirstInListFn LIST), results in the first item on the list. For each nonempty #$List, (#$FirstInListFn LIST) = (#$NthInListFn LIST 1). (#$FirstInListFn LIST) is undefined if LIST is #$TheEmptyList.") (#$isa #$FirstInListFn #$EvaluatableFunction) (#$isa #$FirstInListFn #$UnaryFunction) (#$resultIsa #$FirstInListFn #$Thing) (#$resultIsa #$FirstInListFn #$Thing) (#$comment #$FirstOrderCollection "The collection of all specs of #$Individual. Any instance of any instance of #$FirstOrderCollection is an #$Individual.") (#$disjointWith #$FirstOrderCollection #$CollectionType) (#$disjointWith #$FirstOrderCollection #$FourthOrderCollection) (#$disjointWith #$FirstOrderCollection #$SecondOrderCollection) (#$disjointWith #$FirstOrderCollection #$ThirdOrderCollection) (#$genls #$FirstOrderCollection #$Collection) (#$genls #$FirstOrderCollection #$FixedOrderCollection) (#$isa #$FirstOrderCollection #$AtemporalNecessarilyEssentialCollectionType) (#$isa #$FirstOrderCollection #$CollectionType) (#$isa #$FirstOrderCollection #$CollectionType) (#$isa #$FirstOrderCollection #$FixedOrderCollection) (#$isa #$FirstOrderCollection #$SecondOrderCollection) (#$typeGenls #$FirstOrderCollection #$Individual) (#$arg1Format #$firstSubEvents #$openEntryFormatInArgs) (#$arg1Isa #$firstSubEvents #$Event) (#$arg2Format #$firstSubEvents #$openEntryFormatInArgs) (#$arg2Isa #$firstSubEvents #$Event) (#$argFormat #$firstSubEvents 1 #$openEntryFormatInArgs) (#$argFormat #$firstSubEvents 2 #$openEntryFormatInArgs) (#$argIsa #$firstSubEvents 1 #$Event) (#$argIsa #$firstSubEvents 1 #$Event) (#$argIsa #$firstSubEvents 2 #$Event) (#$argIsa #$firstSubEvents 2 #$Event) (#$arity #$firstSubEvents 2) (#$comment #$firstSubEvents "This predicate relates an event to one of its sub-events -- namely, the sub-event that begins it. #$firstSubEvents is the common specialization of both #$subEvents and #$temporallyStartedBy. (#$firstSubEvents EVENT START) implies (#$subEvents EVENT START) and (#$temporallyStartedBy EVENT START). That is, (#$firstSubEvents EVENT START) means that START is the first part of EVENT. For example, if one relieving pain (see #$RelievingPain) by taking a pill, then (one of) the first sub-events in that event is an instance of #$Ingesting. Note that there can be more than one \"first\" subevent for any given event. For example, in a baseball game, the entire first inning can be considered to be the first subevent of the game, and yet the first pitch made during the first inning can also be considered to be the first subevent of the game. See also #$lastSubEvents.") (#$genlPreds #$firstSubEvents #$subEvents) (#$genlPreds #$firstSubEvents #$temporallyStartedBy) (#$isa #$firstSubEvents #$AsymmetricBinaryPredicate) (#$isa #$firstSubEvents #$BinaryRolePredicate) (#$isa #$firstSubEvents #$ComplexTemporalPredicate) (#$isa #$firstSubEvents #$NonPhysicalPartPredicate) (#$isa #$firstSubEvents #$SubEventPredicate) (#$isa #$firstSubEvents #$TransitiveBinaryPredicate) (#$negationInverse #$firstSubEvents #$firstSubEvents) (#$arg1Format #$fiscallyCapableOf #$SetTheFormat) (#$arg1Isa #$fiscallyCapableOf #$SocialBeing) (#$arg2Format #$fiscallyCapableOf #$SetTheFormat) (#$arg2Genl #$fiscallyCapableOf #$Situation-Temporal) (#$arg2Isa #$fiscallyCapableOf #$FirstOrderCollection) (#$arg3Format #$fiscallyCapableOf #$SetTheFormat) (#$arg3Isa #$fiscallyCapableOf #$BinaryRolePredicate) (#$argFormat #$fiscallyCapableOf 1 #$SetTheFormat) (#$argFormat #$fiscallyCapableOf 2 #$SetTheFormat) (#$argFormat #$fiscallyCapableOf 3 #$SetTheFormat) (#$argGenl #$fiscallyCapableOf 2 #$Situation-Temporal) (#$argGenl #$fiscallyCapableOf 2 #$Situation-Temporal) (#$argIsa #$fiscallyCapableOf 3 #$BinaryRolePredicate) (#$argIsa #$fiscallyCapableOf 3 #$BinaryRolePredicate) (#$argIsa #$fiscallyCapableOf 2 #$FirstOrderCollection) (#$argIsa #$fiscallyCapableOf 2 #$FirstOrderCollection) (#$argIsa #$fiscallyCapableOf 1 #$SocialBeing) (#$argIsa #$fiscallyCapableOf 1 #$SocialBeing) (#$arity #$fiscallyCapableOf 3) (#$comment #$fiscallyCapableOf "The predicate #$fiscallyCapableOf indicates that an agent has the economic prerequisites needed for playing a certain role in a certain type of situation or event. (#$fiscallyCapableOf AGENT SIT-TYPE ROLE) means that a particular #$Agent AGENT has the financial resources needed to play ROLE in normal instances of SIT-TYPE.") (#$isa #$fiscallyCapableOf #$CapabilityPredicate-InstanceLevel) (#$isa #$fiscallyCapableOf #$SituationTypeTernaryPredicate) (#$isa #$fiscallyCapableOf #$TernaryPredicate) (#$comment #$FiscalQuarter "Each instance of this collection is a 3-month-long interval of time kept track of by an #$Agent as part of its financial accounting procedures. Since the start dates and end dates may vary depending on the organization, instances will be things like Fiscal3rdQuarterOf1995ForCycorp.") (#$disjointWith #$FiscalQuarter #$CalendarCentury) (#$disjointWith #$FiscalQuarter #$CalendarDay) (#$disjointWith #$FiscalQuarter #$CalendarHalfCentury) (#$disjointWith #$FiscalQuarter #$CalendarMonth) (#$disjointWith #$FiscalQuarter #$TimePoint) (#$genls #$FiscalQuarter #$Date) (#$genls #$FiscalQuarter #$Individual) (#$isa #$FiscalQuarter #$TemporalObjectType) (#$comment #$FiscalYear "Each instance of this collection is an annual, year-long interval of time kept track of by an #$Agent as part of its operational and financial accounting procedures. Since the start dates and end dates may vary depending on the organization, instances of this collection are time intervals like FiscalYearOf1989ForMicrosoft") (#$disjointWith #$FiscalYear #$CalendarHalfCentury) (#$disjointWith #$FiscalYear #$CalendarQuarter) (#$disjointWith #$FiscalYear #$CalendarSeason) (#$genls #$FiscalYear #$Date) (#$genls #$FiscalYear #$Individual) (#$isa #$FiscalYear #$TemporalObjectType) (#$comment #$Fish "An instance of #$BiologicalClass, and a specialization of #$Vertebrate. Each instance of #$Fish is a cold-blooded animal (see the collection #$Poikilotherm) with gills and fins. Each instance of #$Fish spends all or almost all of its life under water. Note that the collection #$Fish excludes fish-shaped examples of #$Mammal, such as porpoises and whales. Specializations of #$Fish include the collections #$Salmon, #$Catfish, and #$Tuna.") (#$disjointWith #$Fish #$AirBreathingVertebrate) (#$genls #$Fish #$AquaticOrganism) (#$genls #$Fish #$Individual) (#$genls #$Fish #$NonPersonAnimal) (#$genls #$Fish #$PartiallyTangibleProduct) (#$genls #$Fish #$Poikilotherm) (#$genls #$Fish #$Vertebrate) (#$isa #$Fish #$BiologicalClass) (#$isa #$Fish #$ExistingObjectType) (#$isa #$Fish #$OrganismClassificationType) (#$isa #$Fish #$ProductType) (#$isa #$Fish #$TemporalStuffType) (#$arg1Isa #$fitsIn #$PartiallyTangible) (#$arg2Format #$fitsIn #$SingleEntry) (#$arg2Isa #$fitsIn #$GeometricThing-Abstract) (#$argFormat #$fitsIn 2 #$SingleEntry) (#$argIsa #$fitsIn 2 #$GeometricThing-Abstract) (#$argIsa #$fitsIn 2 #$GeometricThing-Abstract) (#$argIsa #$fitsIn 1 #$PartiallyTangible) (#$argIsa #$fitsIn 1 #$PartiallyTangible) (#$arity #$fitsIn 2) (#$comment #$fitsIn "The predicate #$fitsIn is used to give an approximation of the external size and shape of particular tangible objects, by relating an object to an abstract region of space described as a geometric shape with definite dimensions. (#$fitsIn OBJ SHAPE) gives an upper bound for the size of the object OBJ, by stating what sized shape OBJ will fit inside. #$fitsIn uses the elements of #$ShapeFunction (q.v.) for reference, especially the basic shapes generated by #$RectangularSolidFn, #$CylinderFn, and #$SphereFn. (Note: actual instances of AbstractPhysicalShape are NOT used for assertions made with #$fitsIn.) Examples: (#$fitsIn #$Pittman (#$RectangularSolidFn (#$Meter 2) (#$Meter 0.35) (#$Meter 0.25))) and (#$fitsIn HopeDiamond (#$CylinderFn (#$Centi (#$Meter 10) (#$Centi(#$Meter 10))). When #$fitsIn is used in a rule to represent a class of objects with variable sizes, the #$ShapeFunction used should refer to the largest size that such objects normally have. For example, by default, any sandwich SW (#$fitsIn SW (#$RectangularSolidFn (#$Inch 12) (#$Inch 12) (#$Inch 6))).") (#$genlPreds #$fitsIn #$spatiallyRelated) (#$isa #$fitsIn #$BinaryPredicate) (#$isa #$fitsIn #$StrictlyFunctionalPredicate) (#$relationAllInstance #$fitsIn #$Submarine (#$CylinderFn (#$Meter 5 80) (#$Meter 2 15))) (#$relationAllInstance #$fitsIn #$TrainCar (#$RectangularSolidFn (#$Foot-UnitOfMeasure 15) (#$Foot-UnitOfMeasure 15) (#$Foot-UnitOfMeasure 50))) (#$relationAllInstance #$fitsIn #$PersonalComputer (#$RectangularSolidFn (#$Inch 30) (#$Inch 30) (#$Inch 50))) (#$relationAllInstance #$fitsIn #$Bicycle (#$RectangularSolidFn (#$Meter 0.4) (#$Meter 1) (#$Meter 1.5))) (#$relationAllInstance #$fitsIn #$WindowPane (#$RectangularSolidFn (#$Meter 4) (#$Meter 4) (#$Meter 0.02))) (#$relationAllInstance #$fitsIn #$RoomInAConstruction (#$RectangularSolidFn (#$Meter 50) (#$Meter 50) (#$Meter 10))) (#$strictlyFunctionalInArgs #$fitsIn 2) (#$comment #$FixedArityFunction "A #$FunctionCategory and the collection of functions of fixed arity (see #$arity). Each instance of #$FixedArityFunction is a function that always takes a fixed number of arguments. Most functions reified in the Cyc ontology are of fixed arity. For example, #$GroupFn always takes a single argument and #$BorderBetweenFn always takes two arguments. This collection is disjoint with #$VariableArityFunction.") (#$genls #$FixedArityFunction #$FixedArityRelation) (#$genls #$FixedArityFunction #$Function-Denotational) (#$genls #$FixedArityFunction #$Function-Denotational) (#$genls #$FixedArityFunction #$Function-MathematicalObject) (#$isa #$FixedArityFunction #$FunctionCategory) (#$comment #$FixedArityRelation "A specialization of #$Relation. A #$Relation REL is an instance of #$FixedArityRelation just in case REL is a relation with a fixed number of arguments. #$FixedArityRelation is disjoint with #$VariableArityRelation.") (#$genls #$FixedArityRelation #$Relation) (#$genls #$FixedArityRelation #$Relation) (#$genls #$FixedArityRelation #$Relation) (#$genls #$FixedArityRelation #$Relation-MathematicalObject) (#$isa #$FixedArityRelation #$AtemporalNecessarilyEssentialCollectionType) (#$isa #$FixedArityRelation #$Collection) (#$isa #$FixedArityRelation #$LogicalTruthConstant) (#$isa #$FixedArityRelation #$RelationshipTypeByArity) (#$requiredArg1Pred #$FixedArityRelation #$argIsa) (#$requiredArg1Pred #$FixedArityRelation #$arity) (#$comment #$FixedAritySkolemFuncN "The collection of #$SkolemFuncNs (q.v.) whose arity is fixed.") (#$genls #$FixedAritySkolemFuncN #$FixedAritySkolemFunction) (#$genls #$FixedAritySkolemFuncN #$FixedAritySkolemFunction) (#$genls #$FixedAritySkolemFuncN #$SkolemFuncN) (#$genls #$FixedAritySkolemFuncN #$SkolemFuncN) (#$isa #$FixedAritySkolemFuncN #$AtemporalNecessarilyEssentialCollectionType) (#$isa #$FixedAritySkolemFuncN #$Collection) (#$isa #$FixedAritySkolemFuncN #$CoreImplementationConstant) (#$isa #$FixedAritySkolemFuncN #$RelationshipType) (#$comment #$FixedAritySkolemFunction "The subcollection of #$SkolemFunctions whose arity is fixed. This is the most common type of skolem function, since variable- arity skolem functions are only created when a sequence variable is in the scope of the skolem.") (#$disjointWith #$FixedAritySkolemFunction #$VariableAritySkolemFunction) (#$genls #$FixedAritySkolemFunction #$FixedArityRelation) (#$genls #$FixedAritySkolemFunction #$FixedArityRelation) (#$genls #$FixedAritySkolemFunction #$SkolemFunction) (#$genls #$FixedAritySkolemFunction #$SkolemFunction) (#$isa #$FixedAritySkolemFunction #$AtemporalNecessarilyEssentialCollectionType) (#$isa #$FixedAritySkolemFunction #$Collection) (#$isa #$FixedAritySkolemFunction #$FunctionCategory) (#$isa #$FixedAritySkolemFunction #$LogicalTruthImplementationConstant) (#$comment #$FixedOrderCollection "The collection of all #$Collections all of whose elements have the same ``order''. The elements of #$FixedOrderCollection include #$Individual, #$FirstOrderCollection, #$SecondOrderCollection, #$ThirdOrderCollection, #$FourthOrderCollection, and their specs.") (#$disjointWith #$FixedOrderCollection #$VariableOrderCollection) (#$genls #$FixedOrderCollection #$Collection) (#$isa #$FixedOrderCollection #$CollectionType) (#$isa #$FixedOrderCollection #$VariableOrderCollection) (#$comment #$FixedStructure "#$FixedStructure is a specialization of #$ConstructionArtifact. Each instance of #$FixedStructure is a human-constructed, freestanding object that exists in a fixed location. Examples include buildings, pyramids, the Great Wall of China, dams, bridges, elevated roadways, and canals. Such structures may have parts which are also instances of #$FixedStructure (e.g. bridge pilings) and parts which are not freestanding (e.g. the span of a bridge, or a room in a building).") (#$disjointWith #$FixedStructure #$TransportationDevice) (#$genls #$FixedStructure #$ConstructionArtifact) (#$genls #$FixedStructure #$GeographicalThing) (#$genls #$FixedStructure #$Individual) (#$genls #$FixedStructure #$Place) (#$isa #$FixedStructure #$ExistingObjectType) (#$comment #$FixedStructureMt "This #$TheoryMicrotheory is used to axiomatize knowledge about #$FixedStructure. This is the most general microtheory that discusses this notion.") (#$genlMt #$FixedStructureMt #$ArtifactGMt) (#$genlMt #$FixedStructureMt #$BaseKB) (#$genlMt #$FixedStructureMt #$ContainerGMt) (#$genlMt #$FixedStructureMt #$FixedStructureVocabularyMt) (#$genlMt #$FixedStructureMt #$TerrestrialFrameOfReferenceMt) (#$isa #$FixedStructureMt #$GeneralMicrotheory) (#$isa #$FixedStructureMt #$TheoryMicrotheory) (#$comment #$FixedStructureVocabularyMt "The #$VocabularyMicrotheory for #$FixedStructureMt.") (#$genlMt #$FixedStructureVocabularyMt #$ArtifactGVocabularyMt) (#$genlMt #$FixedStructureVocabularyMt #$BaseKB) (#$genlMt #$FixedStructureVocabularyMt #$ContainerGVocabularyMt) (#$genlMt #$FixedStructureVocabularyMt #$TerrestrialFrameOfReferenceVocabularyMt) (#$isa #$FixedStructureVocabularyMt #$VocabularyMicrotheory) (#$comment #$FixedTerrainGeologicalRegion "The collection of all (normally extensive) #$GeographicalRegions distinguised by the type of surface growth. See #$ClimaticTerrainType") (#$genls #$FixedTerrainGeologicalRegion #$Individual) (#$genls #$FixedTerrainGeologicalRegion #$OutdoorLocation) (#$isa #$FixedTerrainGeologicalRegion #$ExistingStuffType) (#$comment #$FixedWingAircraft "The collection of #$AirTransportationDevices that are vehicles having fixed wing structures as their primary source of lift.") (#$disjointWith #$FixedWingAircraft #$RotaryWingAircraft) (#$genls #$FixedWingAircraft #$AirTransportationDevice) (#$genls #$FixedWingAircraft #$FuelPoweredDevice) (#$genls #$FixedWingAircraft #$HexalateralObject) (#$genls #$FixedWingAircraft #$Individual) (#$genls #$FixedWingAircraft #$TransportationContainerProduct) (#$genls #$FixedWingAircraft #$TransportationDevice-Vehicle) (#$isa #$FixedWingAircraft #$ExistingObjectType) (#$isa #$FixedWingAircraft #$ProductType) (#$comment #$Flammability "A collection of attributes; a subcollection of #$PhysicalAttribute. Each instance of #$Flammability represents a specific readiness with which some tangible substance burns. Different degrees of #$Flammability are represented using #$GenericValueFunctions. Flammability of an object is indicated with the predicate #$flammabilityOfObject.") (#$genls #$Flammability #$Interval-BoundedBelow) (#$genls #$Flammability #$PhysicalAttributeOfTangibleOnly) (#$isa #$Flammability #$AtemporalNecessarilyEssentialCollectionType) (#$isa #$Flammability #$LinearOrderAttributeType) (#$comment #$FlatPhysicalSurface "The collection of all surfaces that are substantially flat (by the tolerance standards of the the context). This means that there are no 'significant' concave depressions or convex bulges or bumps, and that the surface approximates some portion of a Euclidian plane in space. Note that the surface may have holes or cracks and may be disconnected, in multiple (substantially coplanar) pieces. A typical table top is a #$FlatPhysicalSurface.") (#$genls #$FlatPhysicalSurface #$Individual) (#$genls #$FlatPhysicalSurface #$Surface-Physical) (#$isa #$FlatPhysicalSurface #$RegionType) (#$comment #$FlatSurface "A specialization of #$Surface-Generic. Each instance of #$FlatSurface is a (roughly) two-dimensional object. Examples include spatially localized objects, like the top of a kitchen counter, as well as abstract surfaces.") (#$genls #$FlatSurface #$Individual) (#$genls #$FlatSurface #$Surface-Generic) (#$isa #$FlatSurface #$GenericShapeType) (#$comment #$FlightlessBird "#$FlightlessBird is the collection of #$Birds that can't fly. Notable specializations include #$Penguin and #$Emu.") (#$genls #$FlightlessBird #$Bird) (#$genls #$FlightlessBird #$Individual) (#$isa #$FlightlessBird #$ExistingObjectType) (#$comment #$Flippancy "Emotion shown by irresponsibly gay or indifferent behavior, when seriousness is expected. Empty conduct") (#$genls #$Flippancy #$FeelingAttribute) (#$isa #$Flippancy #$AtemporalNecessarilyEssentialCollectionType) (#$isa #$Flippancy #$FeelingType) (#$comment #$FloatObject "The float data type is used to store real-valued numbers in C-like programming languages.") (#$genls #$FloatObject #$Individual) (#$genls #$FloatObject #$ProgramObject) (#$isa #$FloatObject #$DefinedDataType) (#$isa #$FloatObject #$LinguisticObjectType) (#$comment #$FloorInAConstruction "#$FloorInAConstruction is a specialization of #$PartOfAnHSC and #$Wall-GenericBarrier. Each instance of #$FloorInAConstruction is a physical floor in a building (typically made to walk upon), _not_ the level (the story composed of rooms or halls -- see #$LevelOfAConstruction). The floor can include any floor in a building such as the floor of a room on the third floor as well as the floor of the entire first level of the building. This includes just the horizontal surface -- not the subfloor. It also does not include floor coverings like carpet or tile.") (#$disjointWith #$FloorInAConstruction #$WallOfAConstruction) (#$genls #$FloorInAConstruction #$Individual) (#$genls #$FloorInAConstruction #$PartiallyTangible) (#$genls #$FloorInAConstruction #$PartOfAnHSC) (#$genls #$FloorInAConstruction #$Place) (#$genls #$FloorInAConstruction #$Wall-GenericBarrier) (#$isa #$FloorInAConstruction #$ExistingObjectType) (#$comment #$FloweringPlant "An instance of #$BiologicalClass and a specialization of #$Plant. Each instance of #$FloweringPlant is a plant whose seeds are enclosed in ovaries; consequently, this is the collection of flowering plants in the botanical sense. For flowering plants actually in bloom, see the collection #$FloweryPlant.") (#$genls #$FloweringPlant #$Plant) (#$isa #$FloweringPlant #$BiologicalClass) (#$isa #$FloweringPlant #$ExistingObjectType) (#$comment #$FloweryPlant "A specialization of #$FloweringPlant and an instance of #$LifeStageType (q.v.). Each instance of #$FloweryPlant is a flowering plant that is actually and visibly in bloom (i.e. has flowers showing). This collection includes both bushes and trees with visible flowers.") (#$genls #$FloweryPlant #$FloweringPlant) (#$genls #$FloweryPlant #$Individual) (#$isa #$FloweryPlant #$LifeStageType) (#$comment #$FlowPath "A #$CustomaryPathCycLConstant and a specialization of both #$Path-Customary and #$Path-Simple. Each instance of #$FlowPath is a path whose extent is delineated by the movement of a fluid over an area; for example, the path of a lava flow or the #$AlaskanPipeline. Instances of #$FlowPath may (but need not) be constrained by objects or forces that channel the flow of fluid; see also the subcollection #$FluidConduit.") (#$genls #$FlowPath #$Individual) (#$genls #$FlowPath #$Path-Customary) (#$genls #$FlowPath #$Path-Simple) (#$isa #$FlowPath #$CustomaryPathCycLConstant) (#$isa #$FlowPath #$ObjectType) (#$comment #$FluidConduit "The collection of all conduits, natural or artifactual, through which fluid (instances of #$FluidTangibleThing) can flow in #$FluidFlowEvents.") (#$disjointWith #$FluidConduit #$Stream) (#$genls #$FluidConduit #$CavityOrContainer) (#$genls #$FluidConduit #$FlowPath) (#$genls #$FluidConduit #$Individual) (#$genls #$FluidConduit #$PartiallyTangible) (#$isa #$FluidConduit #$ExistingObjectType) (#$comment #$FluidFlow-Complete "Instances of #$FluidFlow-Complete represent the motion of a piece of fluid from being entirely `at' (see #$objectFoundInLocation) the #$fromLocation to entirely `at' the #$toLocation. Thus when we say, `The river flowed from West Egg to East Egg' we don't mean the same thing as `The entire river left West Egg and went to East Egg'. Therefore, #$FluidFlow-Complete is not the correct motion event to use. Instead, #$Translation-Flow is. However, if we wish to say, `Joe pumped all the water out of the bilge and into the ocean' we do mean the same thing that #$FluidFlow-Complete entails.") (#$genls #$FluidFlow-Complete #$Individual) (#$genls #$FluidFlow-Complete #$Translation-Complete) (#$genls #$FluidFlow-Complete #$Translation-Flow) (#$isa #$FluidFlow-Complete #$TemporalStuffType) (#$comment #$FluidFlowEvent "A specialization of #$MovementOrShapeChangeEvent. Each instance of #$FluidFlowEvent is an event in which a fluid moves (or a group of particles collectively moves). The spatial extent of the fluid may change (i.e. expansion or contraction, see #$ShapingSomething) and/or they may undergo a #$MovementEvent such as rotation (e.g. a whirlpool or a tornado) and/or translation. If the fluid undergoes translation, then the event is also an instance of #$Translation-Flow. Examples of #$Translation-Flow include `partial' motions such as occurs in rivers flowing, or jets of air blowing. Another kind of example of #$Translation-Flow is #$FluidFlow-Complete, in which the fluid moves entirely from the #$fromLocation and to the #$toLocation.") (#$genls #$FluidFlowEvent #$Individual) (#$genls #$FluidFlowEvent #$MovementOrShapeChangeEvent) (#$isa #$FluidFlowEvent #$TemporalObjectType) (#$comment #$FluidReservoir "A specialization of #$ContainerProduct. Each instance of #$FluidReservoir is a container designed to hold fluids. Instances of #$FluidReservoir generally have an opening, which may be small and resealable (as in a #$Bottle) or large and open (as in a #$Tub). Note a special negative case: natural `reservoirs', such as #$Lakes, are not #$ContainerProducts -- though the #$Dams that create some of them are artifacts, the reservoir water is contained in the natural landscape -- and hence such reservoirs are not instances of #$FluidReservoir.") (#$disjointWith #$FluidReservoir #$SheetOfSomeStuff) (#$disjointWith #$FluidReservoir #$TransportationDevice-Vehicle) (#$genls #$FluidReservoir #$ContainerProduct) (#$genls #$FluidReservoir #$Individual) (#$genls #$FluidReservoir #$TopAndBottomSidedObject) (#$isa #$FluidReservoir #$ExistingObjectType) (#$isa #$FluidReservoir #$ProductType) (#$comment #$FluidTangibleThing "A subcollection of #$PartiallyTangible and an instance of #$TangibleStuffStateType. Each instance of #$FluidTangibleThing is a tangible thing that can flow. This includes gases, liquids, and \"granular fluids\" (i.e. tangible things that are #$Pourable, such as sand); see #$GaseousTangibleThing, #$LiquidTangibleThing, and #$GranularFluid. Instances of #$FluidTangibleThing include the air in Austin, the water in #$LakeErie, a particular chunk of snow, the sand on the beach at Malibu, and the mercury in a thermometer. Non-instances include an air molecule, a snowflake, a grain of sand, a boulder, and a hunk of bread dough.") (#$disjointWith #$FluidTangibleThing #$CordlikeObject) (#$disjointWith #$FluidTangibleThing #$Corner-2or3d) (#$disjointWith #$FluidTangibleThing #$SemiSolidTangibleThing) (#$genls #$FluidTangibleThing #$Individual) (#$genls #$FluidTangibleThing #$PartiallyTangible) (#$genls #$FluidTangibleThing #$PartiallyTangible) (#$isa #$FluidTangibleThing #$TangibleStuffStateType) (#$partitionedInto #$FluidTangibleThing (#$ThePartition #$GaseousTangibleThing #$LiquidTangibleThing #$GranularFluid)) (#$comment #$Fog "The collection of clouds (instances of #$CloudOfH2O) that cover a #$GeographicalRegion at ground-level.") (#$genls #$Fog #$CloudOfH2O) (#$genls #$Fog #$Individual) (#$genls #$Fog #$Mist) (#$genls #$Fog #$Place) (#$isa #$Fog #$ExistingStuffType) (#$comment #$Foggy "An instance of #$OutdoorLocationByWeatherType. Each instance of #$Foggy is an instance of #$OutdoorLocation covered by a ground-level cloud.") (#$genls #$Foggy #$Individual) (#$genls #$Foggy #$OutdoorLocation) (#$isa #$Foggy #$ExistingStuffType) (#$isa #$Foggy #$OutdoorLocationByWeatherType) (#$arg1Genl #$followingIntervalType #$TimeInterval) (#$arg1Isa #$followingIntervalType #$TemporalObjectType) (#$arg2Genl #$followingIntervalType #$TimeInterval) (#$arg2Isa #$followingIntervalType #$TemporalObjectType) (#$argGenl #$followingIntervalType 1 #$TimeInterval) (#$argGenl #$followingIntervalType 1 #$TimeInterval) (#$argGenl #$followingIntervalType 2 #$TimeInterval) (#$argGenl #$followingIntervalType 2 #$TimeInterval) (#$argIsa #$followingIntervalType 1 #$TemporalObjectType) (#$argIsa #$followingIntervalType 1 #$TemporalObjectType) (#$argIsa #$followingIntervalType 2 #$TemporalObjectType) (#$argIsa #$followingIntervalType 2 #$TemporalObjectType) (#$arity #$followingIntervalType 2) (#$comment #$followingIntervalType "(#$followingIntervalType X Y) indicates that every instance of X is followed by some instance of Y, and every instance of Y is preceded by some instance of X. The instance of Y is #$contiguousAfter the instance of X. For example, (#$followingIntervalType #$Saturday #$Sunday). Every Saturday is followed by a Sunday, and every Sunday is preceded by a Saturday; the Sunday is #$contiguousAfter the Saturday.") (#$isa #$followingIntervalType #$BinaryPredicate) (#$isa #$followingIntervalType #$ObjectPredicate) (#$isa #$followingIntervalType #$TemporalPredicate) (#$transitiveViaArg #$followingIntervalType #$genls 2) (#$transitiveViaArgInverse #$followingIntervalType #$genls 1) (#$arg1Format #$followingValue #$SetTheFormat) (#$arg1Isa #$followingValue #$ScalarInterval) (#$arg2Format #$followingValue #$SetTheFormat) (#$arg2Isa #$followingValue #$ScalarInterval) (#$argFormat #$followingValue 1 #$SetTheFormat) (#$argFormat #$followingValue 2 #$SetTheFormat) (#$argIsa #$followingValue 1 #$ScalarInterval) (#$argIsa #$followingValue 1 #$ScalarInterval) (#$argIsa #$followingValue 2 #$ScalarInterval) (#$argIsa #$followingValue 2 #$ScalarInterval) (#$arity #$followingValue 2) (#$comment #$followingValue "The Cyc predicate #$followingValue is used to represent an ordering of generic attributes. (#$followingValue VAL1 VAL2) means that VAL2 is a greater value than VAL1 on a scale that they share. (#$followingValue VAL1 VAL2) implies (#$greaterThan VAL2 VAL1). Typically, one uses #$followingValue when the values VAL1 and VAL2 are elements of #$GenericQuantity, and they are not grounded in numerically quantifiable units of measure (see #$NoteAboutGivingGenericValueFunctionsNumericValues). If VAL1 and VAL2 do have numerical grounding, a #$followingValue formula is unnecessary since #$numericallyEqual, #$greaterThanOrEqualTo, and #$greaterThan, are automatically computable using arithmetic relations holding between the minimum and maximum of val1 and val2. (See #$minQuantValue, #$maxQuantValue.) For example, one must use #$followingValue to state that (#$HighAmountFn #$Glamor) is more glamorous than (#$LowAmountFn #$Glamor). On the other hand, it is unnecessary to assert a #$followingValue relation between (#$MilesPerHour 5) and (#$MilesPerHour 25 60) since #$greaterThan is arithmetically determinable. See also #$GenericQuantity, #$GenericValueFunction.") (#$genlInverse #$followingValue #$greaterThan) (#$genlPreds #$followingValue #$colinearValues) (#$genlPreds #$followingValue #$lessThan) (#$isa #$followingValue #$AntiSymmetricBinaryPredicate) (#$isa #$followingValue #$AsymmetricBinaryPredicate) (#$isa #$followingValue #$CoreConstant) (#$isa #$followingValue #$ObjectPredicate) (#$isa #$followingValue #$TransitiveBinaryPredicate) (#$negationInverse #$followingValue #$followingValue) (#$arg1Isa #$followsInProgression #$Event) (#$arg2Isa #$followsInProgression #$Event) (#$arg3Isa #$followsInProgression #$Event) (#$argIsa #$followsInProgression 1 #$Event) (#$argIsa #$followsInProgression 1 #$Event) (#$argIsa #$followsInProgression 2 #$Event) (#$argIsa #$followsInProgression 2 #$Event) (#$argIsa #$followsInProgression 3 #$Event) (#$argIsa #$followsInProgression 3 #$Event) (#$arity #$followsInProgression 3) (#$comment #$followsInProgression "If STARTS-FIRST and STARTS-NEXT are #$subEvents in MAINEVENT (an #$Event) and (#$followsInProgression STARTS-NEXT STARTS-FIRST MAINEVENT), then no subevent of MAINEVENT starts after the starting of STARTS-FIRST but before the start of STARTS-NEXT. This is not to say that there is no pause between STARTS-FIRST and STARTS-NEXT but only that any event that starts during the pause is not a #$subEvents of MAINEVENT.") (#$interArgReln1-2 #$followsInProgression #$startsAfterStartingOf) (#$interArgReln3-1 #$followsInProgression #$subEvents) (#$interArgReln3-2 #$followsInProgression #$subEvents) (#$isa #$followsInProgression #$TernaryPredicate) (#$transitiveViaArgInverse #$followsInProgression #$subEvents 3) (#$comment #$Food "An instance of #$ExistingStuffType, and a specialization of #$FoodOrDrink. Each instance of #$Food is a particular portion of food of a type which can be, and habitually is, eaten by humans or other animals. Here the notion of _eating_ is important; eating an instance of #$Food will generally require biting or chewing, but if placed into the mouth (e.g. with a utensil) in a manner not considered to be drinking, it is still considered eating. Thus, edible stuff normally taken in via drinking, inhalation, or osmosis is excluded from this collection. A borderline example is a bowl of bouillon, which, although it can be drunk from the bowl is normally ``eaten'' with a spoon; a borderline non-example is a very thick milkshake, which may be eaten with a spoon, but is normally drunk (possibly using a straw) from a glass. Instances of #$Food provide calories and/or nutrients that humans or animals need.") (#$disjointWith #$Food #$Drink) (#$genls #$Food #$CommodityProduct) (#$genls #$Food #$FoodOrDrink) (#$genls #$Food #$Individual) (#$genls #$Food #$OrganicStuff) (#$genls #$Food #$PartiallyTangibleProduct) (#$genls #$Food #$SpatialThing-Localized) (#$isa #$Food #$ExistingStuffType) (#$isa #$Food #$ProductType) (#$comment #$FoodAndBeverageOrganization "Each instance of #$FoodAndBeverageOrganization is an #$Organization that is primarily or significantly engaged in the #$FoodAndBeverageIndustry or whose activities focus on that industry. Specializations of #$FoodAndBeverageOrganization include #$Restaurant-Organization and #$GroceryStore.") (#$disjointWith #$FoodAndBeverageOrganization #$ConstructionRepairOrMaintenanceOrganization) (#$disjointWith #$FoodAndBeverageOrganization #$Court-Judicial) (#$disjointWith #$FoodAndBeverageOrganization #$HealthcareOrganization) (#$disjointWith #$FoodAndBeverageOrganization #$TransportationOrganization) (#$disjointWith #$FoodAndBeverageOrganization #$TravelOrganization) (#$genls #$FoodAndBeverageOrganization #$Individual) (#$genls #$FoodAndBeverageOrganization #$Organization) (#$isa #$FoodAndBeverageOrganization #$ExistingObjectType) (#$isa #$FoodAndBeverageOrganization #$OrganizationTypeByIndustry) (#$comment #$FoodGroup "A specialization of #$ConventionalClassificationType and hence a collection of collections. Each instance of #$FoodGroup is a collection of foodstuffs classified according to their nutritional content. Instances of #$FoodGroup include #$DairyProduct, #$CerealFood, #$FruitAndVegetableFood, #$MeatAndLegumeFood.") (#$disjointWith #$FoodGroup #$ElementStuffType) (#$disjointWith #$FoodGroup #$OutdoorLocationByWeatherType) (#$disjointWith #$FoodGroup #$TangibleStuffStateType) (#$genls #$FoodGroup #$ConventionalClassificationType) (#$genls #$FoodGroup #$ExistingStuffType) (#$genls #$FoodGroup #$ProductByGenericType) (#$isa #$FoodGroup #$CollectionType) (#$isa #$FoodGroup #$CollectionType) (#$isa #$FoodGroup #$DisjointCollectionType) (#$isa #$FoodGroup #$SecondOrderCollection) (#$typeGenls #$FoodGroup #$EdibleStuff) (#$comment #$FoodIngredientOnly "A specialization of #$EdibleStuff. Each instance of #$FoodIngredientOnly is an edible substance that is used in making other food but isn't eaten by itself. Instances of #$FoodIngredientOnly may or may not require some preparation. For example, #$TableSalt, #$VegetableOil, and #$Ketchup are specializations of #$FoodIngredientOnly, since all of their instances are used only as ingredients or condiments. In contrast, #$Egg-Chickens is not a specialization of #$FoodIngredientOnly; some of its instances serve as ingredients in cooking other dishes, but other instances are simply eaten after poaching or frying. Types of food, such as #$Pizza, whose instances are never merely ingredients, are specializations of #$Food.") (#$disjointWith #$FoodIngredientOnly #$FoodOrDrink) (#$genls #$FoodIngredientOnly #$EdibleStuff) (#$genls #$FoodIngredientOnly #$Individual) (#$isa #$FoodIngredientOnly #$ExistingStuffType) (#$comment #$FoodOrDrink "A specialization of #$EdibleStuff (q.v.). Each instance of #$FoodOrDrink is a substance which instances of some type of organism (that is, some sub-collection of #$Organism-Whole) normally consume a significant part of. Important specializations of #$FoodOrDrink include #$Food (instances of which require chewing in order to be consumed) and #$Drink (instances of which are liquids that can be consumed without chewing).") (#$disjointWith #$FoodOrDrink #$DefenseSystem) (#$genls #$FoodOrDrink #$EdibleStuff) (#$genls #$FoodOrDrink #$HumanScaleObject) (#$genls #$FoodOrDrink #$Individual) (#$isa #$FoodOrDrink #$ExistingStuffType) (#$isa #$FoodOrDrink #$ProductByGenericType) (#$genls (#$FoodOrDrinkForFn #$Person) #$FoodOrDrink) (#$genls (#$FoodOrDrinkForFn #$Person) #$Individual) (#$isa (#$FoodOrDrinkForFn #$Person) #$ExistingStuffType) (#$arg1Genl #$FoodOrDrinkForFn #$Organism-Whole) (#$arg1Genl #$FoodOrDrinkForFn #$Organism-Whole) (#$arg1Isa #$FoodOrDrinkForFn #$ExistingObjectType) (#$arg1Isa #$FoodOrDrinkForFn #$ExistingObjectType) (#$argGenl #$FoodOrDrinkForFn 1 #$Organism-Whole) (#$argGenl #$FoodOrDrinkForFn 1 #$Organism-Whole) (#$argGenl #$FoodOrDrinkForFn 1 #$Organism-Whole) (#$argIsa #$FoodOrDrinkForFn 1 #$ExistingObjectType) (#$argIsa #$FoodOrDrinkForFn 1 #$ExistingObjectType) (#$argIsa #$FoodOrDrinkForFn 1 #$ExistingObjectType) (#$arity #$FoodOrDrinkForFn 1) (#$comment #$FoodOrDrinkForFn "A unary function that takes as an argument a specialization of #$Organism-Whole, ORG, and returns returns the collection of all substances that can be and normally are consumed and successfully metabolized by typical instances of ORG. Thus (#$FoodOrDrinkForFn #$Horse) returns the collection of all substances that can be and normally are consumed and metabolized by \"normal\" horses, etc., including instances of #$Hay and #$Water. A given specialization of #$FoodOrDrink may be normal food for more than one specialization of #$Organism-Whole. For instance, #$Water is a normal drink for virtually every kind of organism on Earth.") (#$isa #$FoodOrDrinkForFn #$CollectionDenotingFunction) (#$isa #$FoodOrDrinkForFn #$CollectionDenotingFunction) (#$isa #$FoodOrDrinkForFn #$ReifiableFunction) (#$isa #$FoodOrDrinkForFn #$UnaryFunction) (#$resultGenl #$FoodOrDrinkForFn #$FoodOrDrink) (#$resultGenl #$FoodOrDrinkForFn #$Individual) (#$resultIsa #$FoodOrDrinkForFn #$ExistingStuffType) (#$resultIsa #$FoodOrDrinkForFn #$ExistingStuffType) (#$comment #$FoodOrDrinkPreparationDevice "A specialization of #$PhysicalDevice. Each instance of #$FoodOrDrinkPreparationDevice is a device designed to be used in the preparation of food or drink. Specializations of #$FoodOrDrinkPreparationDevice include #$CoffeeMaker, #$SpiceMill, and #$ElectricalToaster.") (#$disjointWith #$FoodOrDrinkPreparationDevice #$ComputationalSystem) (#$disjointWith #$FoodOrDrinkPreparationDevice #$ComputerHardwareItem) (#$disjointWith #$FoodOrDrinkPreparationDevice #$FurniturePiece) (#$disjointWith #$FoodOrDrinkPreparationDevice #$HumanOccupationConstruct) (#$disjointWith #$FoodOrDrinkPreparationDevice #$PlumbingFixture) (#$disjointWith #$FoodOrDrinkPreparationDevice #$SomethingToWear) (#$disjointWith #$FoodOrDrinkPreparationDevice #$TransportationDevice) (#$disjointWith #$FoodOrDrinkPreparationDevice #$Weapon) (#$genls #$FoodOrDrinkPreparationDevice #$HumanOccupationConstructObject) (#$genls #$FoodOrDrinkPreparationDevice #$Individual) (#$genls #$FoodOrDrinkPreparationDevice #$PhysicalDevice) (#$isa #$FoodOrDrinkPreparationDevice #$ExistingObjectType) (#$comment #$FoodProfessional "A specialization of #$PersonWithOccupation. Each instance of #$FoodProfessional is a worker whose occupation is to prepare or serve food or drink. Notable specializations of #$FoodProfessional include #$Butcher, #$Brewer, #$Bartender, and #$WaitPerson.") (#$disjointWith #$FoodProfessional #$OrganizationRepresentative) (#$genls #$FoodProfessional #$Individual) (#$genls #$FoodProfessional #$PersonWithOccupation) (#$isa #$FoodProfessional #$PersonTypeByOccupation) (#$comment #$Food-ReadyToEat "A specialization of (#$FoodOrDrinkForFn #$Person). Each instance of #$Food-ReadyToEat is food that is edible more or less in its current state, without further elaborate preparation. Instances of #$Food-ReadyToEat can require unwrapping, cutting, pouring, buttering, or cooling before being consumed, but not cooking or other complex or sophisticated preparation that is typically done in a kitchen or other food-preparation area rather than at the table or site of consumption. If a cook would inspect an item and pronounce it \"done,\" that item is probably an instance of #$Food-ReadyToEat.") (#$genls #$Food-ReadyToEat #$Individual) (#$genls #$Food-ReadyToEat #$OrganicStuff) (#$genls #$Food-ReadyToEat (#$FoodOrDrinkForFn #$Person)) (#$isa #$Food-ReadyToEat #$ExistingStuffType) (#$comment #$FoodServiceOrganization "A subcollection of #$CommercialServiceOrganization. An instance of #$FoodServiceOrganization is a business which prepares and/or serves food as its major function(s). Important subcollections of #$FoodServiceOrganization include #$Restaurant-Organization and #$CateringCompany. Note that grocery stores -- and airlines -- are not themselves considered elements of #$FoodServiceOrganization, even though some of those may have #$subOrganizations or sub-contractors which are #$FoodServiceOrganizations. Bars or taverns, in contrast to #$Restaurant-Organizations that also prepare and serve food, are also not considered #$FoodServiceOrganizations.") (#$genls #$FoodServiceOrganization #$CommercialServiceOrganization) (#$genls #$FoodServiceOrganization #$FoodAndBeverageOrganization) (#$genls #$FoodServiceOrganization #$Individual) (#$isa #$FoodServiceOrganization #$ExistingObjectType) (#$arg1Isa #$foodSourceFor #$Organism-Whole) (#$arg1Isa #$foodSourceFor #$Organism-Whole) (#$arg2Genl #$foodSourceFor #$PartiallyTangible) (#$arg2Genl #$foodSourceFor #$PartiallyTangible) (#$arg2Isa #$foodSourceFor #$FirstOrderCollection) (#$arg2Isa #$foodSourceFor #$FirstOrderCollection) (#$argGenl #$foodSourceFor 2 #$PartiallyTangible) (#$argGenl #$foodSourceFor 2 #$PartiallyTangible) (#$argGenl #$foodSourceFor 2 #$PartiallyTangible) (#$argIsa #$foodSourceFor 2 #$FirstOrderCollection) (#$argIsa #$foodSourceFor 2 #$FirstOrderCollection) (#$argIsa #$foodSourceFor 2 #$FirstOrderCollection) (#$argIsa #$foodSourceFor 1 #$Organism-Whole) (#$argIsa #$foodSourceFor 1 #$Organism-Whole) (#$argIsa #$foodSourceFor 1 #$Organism-Whole) (#$arity #$foodSourceFor 2) (#$comment #$foodSourceFor "The predicate #$foodSourceFor relates a particular organism to the kinds of things it usually eats. (#$foodSourceFor ORG OBJTYPE) means that ORG is an organism that typically eats some instances of OBJTYPE for food. Note that OBJTYPE refers to a type of food source, not a particular object that ORG eats. For example, (#$foodSourceFor #$RonaldReagan #$Popcorn) means that #$Popcorn is a #$foodSourceFor Ronald Reagan, i.e., Ronald Reagan often eats (instances of) popcorn.") (#$isa #$foodSourceFor #$BinaryPredicate) (#$transitiveViaArg #$foodSourceFor #$genls 2) (#$comment #$FoodUtensil "A specialization of #$HandTool. Each instance of #$FoodUtensil is an implement or container used in preparing or consuming food. Notable specializations of #$FoodUtensil include #$Spoon, #$CarvingKnife, #$CookingUtensil, #$FoodVessel, #$CuttingBoard, and #$ChopStick.") (#$disjointWith #$FoodUtensil #$ControlDevice) (#$disjointWith #$FoodUtensil #$NaturalTangibleStuff) (#$disjointWith #$FoodUtensil #$Weapon) (#$disjointWith #$FoodUtensil #$WritingImplement) (#$genls #$FoodUtensil #$Artifact-NonAgentive) (#$genls #$FoodUtensil #$HandTool) (#$genls #$FoodUtensil #$HumanOccupationConstructObject) (#$genls #$FoodUtensil #$Individual) (#$isa #$FoodUtensil #$ExistingObjectType) (#$isa #$FoodUtensil #$ProductType) (#$comment #$FoodVessel "A specialization of both #$ContainerProduct and #$FoodUtensil. Each instance of #$FoodVessel is a portable container designed for holding, storing, or preparing food or drink. Specializations of #$FoodVessel include the collections #$CookingVessel, #$EatingVessel, and #$FoodStorageContainer.") (#$disjointWith #$FoodVessel #$GraspingImplement) (#$genls #$FoodVessel #$ContainerProduct) (#$genls #$FoodVessel #$FoodUtensil) (#$genls #$FoodVessel #$Individual) (#$isa #$FoodVessel #$ExistingObjectType) (#$isa #$FoodVessel #$ProductType) (#$comment #$Foot-AnimalBodyPart "The collection of all vertebrates' feet. A foot is a terminal part of a #$Vertebrate #$Leg. Feet are used in locomotion, support, balance, kicking, etc.") (#$disjointWith #$Foot-AnimalBodyPart #$Digit-AnatomicalPart) (#$disjointWith #$Foot-AnimalBodyPart #$Limb-AnimalBodyPart) (#$genls #$Foot-AnimalBodyPart #$Appendage-AnimalBodyPart) (#$genls #$Foot-AnimalBodyPart #$Individual) (#$isa #$Foot-AnimalBodyPart #$AnimalBodyPartType) (#$isa #$Foot-AnimalBodyPart #$SymmetricAnatomicalPartType) (#$argIsa #$Foot-UnitOfMeasure 0 #$SubLRealNumber) (#$argsIsa #$Foot-UnitOfMeasure #$SubLRealNumber) (#$argsIsa #$Foot-UnitOfMeasure #$SubLRealNumber) (#$arityMax #$Foot-UnitOfMeasure 2) (#$arityMax #$Foot-UnitOfMeasure 2) (#$arityMin #$Foot-UnitOfMeasure 1) (#$arityMin #$Foot-UnitOfMeasure 1) (#$comment #$Foot-UnitOfMeasure "The measurement function used in Cyc to represent the basic unit of length within the British (FPS) system. See also #$FPSUnitOfMeasure, #$UnitOfMeasure.") (#$isa #$Foot-UnitOfMeasure #$FPSUnitOfMeasure) (#$isa #$Foot-UnitOfMeasure #$UnitOfDistance) (#$isa #$Foot-UnitOfMeasure #$UnitOfMeasureNoPrefix) (#$resultIsa #$Foot-UnitOfMeasure #$Distance) (#$resultIsa #$Foot-UnitOfMeasure #$Distance-Absolute) (#$resultIsa #$Foot-UnitOfMeasure #$Distance-Absolute) (#$resultIsa #$Foot-UnitOfMeasure #$ScalarInterval) (#$arg1Isa #$forAll #$ELVariable) (#$arg2Isa #$forAll #$ELSentence-Assertible) (#$argIsa #$forAll 2 #$ELSentence-Assertible) (#$argIsa #$forAll 2 #$ELSentence-Assertible) (#$argIsa #$forAll 2 #$ELSentence-Assertible) (#$argIsa #$forAll 1 #$ELVariable) (#$argIsa #$forAll 1 #$ELVariable) (#$argIsa #$forAll 1 #$ELVariable) (#$arity #$forAll 2) (#$arity #$forAll 2) (#$comment #$forAll "The predicate #$forAll is Cyc's version of the universal quantifier of predicate calculus (i.e., the operator symbolized in one common notation by an upside-down `A'). As its two arguments, #$forAll takes a variable (which is an instance of #$ELVariable) and an instance of #$ELSentence-Assertible, respectively. (#$forAll VAR FORM) means that FORM is true whenever all the occurrences of the variable VAR in the formula FORM are replaced by any object in the Cyc universe. For example, to say that every person is a mammal, we could assert: (#$forAll ?X (#$implies (#$isa ?X #$Person) (#$isa ?X #$Mammal))). In addition, CycL follows a convention that allows #$forAll to be omitted; that is, when no explicit quantifier is used, seemingly unbound variables inside formulas are assumed to be universally quantified. With that convention, the sample assertion could be written more compactly as: (#$implies (#$isa ?X #$Person) (#$isa ?X #$Mammal)). [Developer-level footnote: There are many `flavors' of quantification `on the market' these days; here is how the Cyc system currently handles axioms that involve #$forAll: When processing an FI-ASK about whether an assertion of the form (#$forAll VAR FORM) is true or not, Cyc determines extensionally whether or not any known VAR (anything in the knowledge base) could make FORM false. When processing an FI-PROVE about whether an assertion of the form (#$forAll VAR FORM) is true or not, Cyc tries to construct an intensional proof (at least at a default-true level) that FORM must be true regardless of what VAR is ever inserted therein. When processing an FI-ASSERT in which a user or program tells Cyc that an assertion of the form (#$forAll VAR FORM) is true, Cyc records it intensionally so that it can later serve as part of an intensional proof, when some future FI-PROVE request is processed.]") (#$isa #$forAll #$BinaryRelation) (#$isa #$forAll #$LogicalTruthConstant) (#$isa #$forAll #$Quantifier) (#$isa #$forAll #$Quantifier) (#$resultIsa #$forAll #$ELSentence-Assertible) (#$resultIsa #$forAll #$ELSentence-Assertible) (#$comment #$Forest "A specialization of #$GeographicalRegion. The collection of all forests.") (#$genls #$Forest #$EcologicalRegion) (#$genls #$Forest #$FixedTerrainGeologicalRegion) (#$genls #$Forest #$Individual) (#$genls #$Forest #$OutdoorLocation) (#$isa #$Forest #$ClimaticTerrainType) (#$isa #$Forest #$ExistingStuffType) (#$arg1Isa #$ForFn #$Thing) (#$argIsa #$ForFn 1 #$Thing) (#$argIsa #$ForFn 1 #$Thing) (#$arity #$ForFn 1) (#$comment #$ForFn "A function that qualifies a concept or collection. See the comment for #$QualifyingFunction for an explanation of the use of such functions.") (#$isa #$ForFn #$IndividualDenotingFunction) (#$isa #$ForFn #$UnaryFunction) (#$resultIsa #$ForFn #$Qualifier) (#$comment #$FormalCOC "An instance of #$MicrotheoryType, and a specialization of #$CodeOfConduct. Each instance of #$FormalCOC is a code of conduct imposed by some organization. Formal codes of conduct typically are explicitly stated and publicly promulgated among the group subject to them, and they are usually associated with prescribed methods of enforcement and punishment of violators. Thus, the collection #$FormalCOC includes the laws of any legal jurisdiction, the rules of deportment imposed by educational institutions, and the practices of some strict religious sects. In contrast, informal codes of conduct are norms that are not prescribed or enforced by formal means; for example, etiquette (#$MannersCodeOfConduct) and ethics (#$EthicsCodeOfConduct).") (#$genls #$FormalCOC #$CodeOfConduct) (#$genls #$FormalCOC #$Microtheory) (#$isa #$FormalCOC #$ExistingObjectType) (#$isa #$FormalCOC #$MicrotheoryType) (#$comment #$FormalityOfSpeech "Formality attributes apply to individual word senses of words or phrases.") (#$genls #$FormalityOfSpeech #$Individual) (#$genls #$FormalityOfSpeech #$ScalarInterval) (#$isa #$FormalityOfSpeech #$AtemporalNecessarilyEssentialCollectionType) (#$isa #$FormalityOfSpeech #$LinearOrderAttributeType) (#$comment #$FormalProductType "A collection of collections. Each instance of #$FormalProductType is a collection of products (i.e. a subcollection of #$Product (q.v.)), all of which conform to the same standardized product specification (or \"form\"). In Western-style capitalistic markets, instances of #$FormalProductType are often associated with a particular brand name (and perhaps model), since competing providers of products design them to be distinctive. For example, the collection #$InternalCombustionEngine is not an instance of #$FormalProductType, but a specific collection of engines manufactured by (e.g.) Mazda might be. On the service side, the collection #$HairCuttingEvent is not a formal product-type, but a subcollection of hair stylings for men (e.g. at a particular salon) might be.") (#$genls #$FormalProductType #$FirstOrderCollection) (#$genls #$FormalProductType #$ProductType) (#$isa #$FormalProductType #$CollectionType) (#$isa #$FormalProductType #$CollectionType) (#$isa #$FormalProductType #$SecondOrderCollection) (#$isa #$FormalProductType #$SiblingDisjointCollectionType) (#$typeGenls #$FormalProductType #$Product) (#$comment #$Format "A collection of argument entry-formats that can be specified for #$Predicates with respect to particular argument-places (see #$argFormat). An argument entry-format is a kind of restriction on a predicate regarding how many things, or the range of things, that the predicate holds of with respect to a given one of its argument-places. More precisely: given any particular way of fixing the arguments in the rest of the predicate's argument-places, the entry-format tells us something about the number of different things, or the range of things, that can occupy the given argument-place such that the relation holds of those arguments. That is, supposing the given argument-place is the Nth, the entry-format tells us something about the number or range of different sequences of arguments of which the predicate holds and that differ from each other only in their Nth items. For example, the format #$SingleEntry (q.v.) is used to state that in every case there is at most only one such sequence, the format #$SetTheFormat (q.v.) to state that there is no particular (upper or lower) limit to the number of such sequences that applies to every case, and the format #$IntervalEntry (q.v.) to state that the Nth items of any two such sequences must be #$ScalarIntervals that \"intersect\" (see #$quantityIntersects). Thus, the first argument-place of #$biologicalMother has the format (see #$arg1Format) #$SetTheFormat, since a given female animal might have any number (including zero) of offspring; but the second argument-place of this predicate has (see #$arg2Format) #$SingleEntry format, since any given animal has at most (in fact, exactly) one biological mother. And the format of the second argument-place of #$bodyTemperature is #$IntervalEntry because, while a given creature (at a given moment in time) has a single exact (see #$ScalarPointValue) body temperature, we want the predicate #$bodyTemperature to be flexible enough to allow us to specify this temperature with varying degrees of precision (e.g. as \"98.6 degrees Fahrenheit\" or as \"between 98 and 99 degrees\" or as \"less than 100 degrees\"). See the various instances of #$Format for further details. See also #$ArgFormatPredicate. Note that, in contrast with what #$ArgTypePredicates are used for, specifying an argument entry-format for a predicate does _not_ impose any sort of necessary condition for semantic well-formedness. A violation of a legitimate entry-format constraint necessarily involves two or more statements, and at least one them must be _untrue_; but there is no implication that any of them is malformed.") (#$genls #$Format #$Individual) (#$genls #$Format #$IntangibleIndividual) (#$isa #$Format #$AtemporalNecessarilyEssentialCollectionType) (#$isa #$Format #$Collection) (#$isa #$Format #$CoreConstant) (#$arg1Isa #$formsBorderBetween #$SpatialThing) (#$arg1Isa #$formsBorderBetween #$SpatialThing) (#$arg2Isa #$formsBorderBetween #$SpatialThing) (#$arg2Isa #$formsBorderBetween #$SpatialThing) (#$arg3Isa #$formsBorderBetween #$SpatialThing) (#$arg3Isa #$formsBorderBetween #$SpatialThing) (#$argIsa #$formsBorderBetween 1 #$SpatialThing) (#$argIsa #$formsBorderBetween 1 #$SpatialThing) (#$argIsa #$formsBorderBetween 1 #$SpatialThing) (#$argIsa #$formsBorderBetween 2 #$SpatialThing) (#$argIsa #$formsBorderBetween 2 #$SpatialThing) (#$argIsa #$formsBorderBetween 2 #$SpatialThing) (#$argIsa #$formsBorderBetween 3 #$SpatialThing) (#$argIsa #$formsBorderBetween 3 #$SpatialThing) (#$argIsa #$formsBorderBetween 3 #$SpatialThing) (#$arity #$formsBorderBetween 3) (#$comment #$formsBorderBetween "A #$SpatialPredicate that relates a pair of bordering spatial things to parts of the border that separates them. (#$formsBorderBetween BORDER REG1 REG2) means that BORDER constitutes at least part of the border between REG1 and REG2. BORDER may be a surface separating two regions of space, or a curve separating two regions of a surface. REG1 and REG2 may be physical objects, geographical regions, or intangible spatial lines or regions. Note that BORDER need not constitute the entire border between REG1 and REG2. By contrast, the more specialized predicate #$borderBetweenRegions relates a pair of #$GeographicalRegions to their entire shared border; see also the corresponding function #$BorderBetweenFn.") (#$interArgIsa1-2 #$formsBorderBetween #$SpatialThing-Localized #$SpatialThing-Localized) (#$interArgIsa2-1 #$formsBorderBetween #$SpatialThing-Localized #$SpatialThing-Localized) (#$isa #$formsBorderBetween #$PartiallyCommutativeRelation) (#$isa #$formsBorderBetween #$SpatialPredicate) (#$isa #$formsBorderBetween #$TernaryPredicate) (#$comment #$Form-StandardizedIBO "A specialization of both #$InformationBearingObject and #$StructuredInformationSource. Each instance of #$Form-StandardizedIBO is an information-bearing object having some standard set of labelled fields; these fields are left blank for the user to fill in with certain items of information (often information pertaining to the user). Instances of #$Form-StandardizedIBO often accompany some sort of bureaucratic procedure, which they may be used to initiate or to certify. Specializations include the collections #$LeaseDocument, #$DepositSlip, #$InsuranceClaimForm, and #$Check-TenderObject.") (#$genls #$Form-StandardizedIBO #$Artifact) (#$genls #$Form-StandardizedIBO #$HumanAccessibleIBO) (#$genls #$Form-StandardizedIBO #$Individual) (#$genls #$Form-StandardizedIBO #$StructuredInformationSource) (#$genls #$Form-StandardizedIBO #$TextualMaterial) (#$isa #$Form-StandardizedIBO #$ExistingObjectType) (#$isa #$Form-StandardizedIBO #$TextualMaterialTypeByFunction) (#$arg1Isa #$FormulaArgFn #$NonNegativeInteger) (#$arg2Isa #$FormulaArgFn #$CycLFormula) (#$argIsa #$FormulaArgFn 2 #$CycLFormula) (#$argIsa #$FormulaArgFn 2 #$CycLFormula) (#$argIsa #$FormulaArgFn 1 #$NonNegativeInteger) (#$argIsa #$FormulaArgFn 1 #$NonNegativeInteger) (#$arity #$FormulaArgFn 2) (#$comment #$FormulaArgFn "A binary function that returns an instance of #$CycLTerm when given an instance of #$NonNegativeInteger and an instance of #$CycLFormula as arguments. (#$FormulaArgFn N RELATION-EXPRESSION) denotes the term appearing as the Nth argument within RELATION-EXPRESSION. (Note that RELATION-EXPRESSION may be a sentence or a NAT). For example: (#$FormulaArgFn 2 (#$loves #$Gilbert #$Muffet)) and (#$FormulaArgFn 1 (#$BirthFn #$Muffet)) both denote #$Muffet.") (#$functionCorrespondingPredicate-Canonical #$FormulaArgFn #$argN 1) (#$functionCorrespondingPredicate #$FormulaArgFn #$natArgument 3) (#$isa #$FormulaArgFn #$BinaryFunction) (#$isa #$FormulaArgFn #$CoreConstant) (#$isa #$FormulaArgFn #$EvaluatableFunction) (#$quotedArgument #$FormulaArgFn 2) (#$resultIsa #$FormulaArgFn #$CycLTerm) (#$resultIsa #$FormulaArgFn #$Thing) (#$arg1Isa #$FormulaArgListFn #$CycLFormula) (#$argIsa #$FormulaArgListFn 1 #$CycLFormula) (#$argIsa #$FormulaArgListFn 1 #$CycLFormula) (#$arity #$FormulaArgListFn 1) (#$comment #$FormulaArgListFn "(#$FormulaArgListFn RELATION-EXPRESSION) denotes a list of the arguments in RELATION-EXPRESSION. For example, (#$FormulaArgListFn (#$genls #$Dog #$Animal)) denotes (#$TheList #$Dog #$Animal). See also #$FormulaArgFn and #$FormulaArityFn.") (#$isa #$FormulaArgListFn #$CoreConstant) (#$isa #$FormulaArgListFn #$EvaluatableFunction) (#$isa #$FormulaArgListFn #$UnaryFunction) (#$resultIsa #$FormulaArgListFn #$List) (#$resultIsa #$FormulaArgListFn #$List) (#$arg1Isa #$FormulaArgSetFn #$CycLFormula) (#$arg1Isa #$FormulaArgSetFn #$ELTemplate) (#$argIsa #$FormulaArgSetFn 1 #$CycLFormula) (#$argIsa #$FormulaArgSetFn 1 #$CycLFormula) (#$argIsa #$FormulaArgSetFn 1 #$ELTemplate) (#$argIsa #$FormulaArgSetFn 1 #$ELTemplate) (#$arity #$FormulaArgSetFn 1) (#$comment #$FormulaArgSetFn "(#$FormulaArgSetFn RELATION-EXPRESSION) denotes a set of the arguments of the given #$CycLFormula RELATION-EXPRESSION. For example, (#$FormulaArgSetFn (#$genls #$Dog #$Animal)) denotes (#$TheSet #$Dog #$Animal). See also #$FormulaArgFn and #$FormulaArityFn.") (#$isa #$FormulaArgSetFn #$CoreConstant) (#$isa #$FormulaArgSetFn #$EvaluatableFunction) (#$isa #$FormulaArgSetFn #$UnaryFunction) (#$resultIsa #$FormulaArgSetFn #$Set-Mathematical) (#$resultIsa #$FormulaArgSetFn #$Set-Mathematical) (#$arg1Isa #$FormulaArityFn #$CycLFormula) (#$arg1Isa #$FormulaArityFn #$ELTemplate) (#$argIsa #$FormulaArityFn 1 #$CycLFormula) (#$argIsa #$FormulaArityFn 1 #$CycLFormula) (#$argIsa #$FormulaArityFn 1 #$ELTemplate) (#$argIsa #$FormulaArityFn 1 #$ELTemplate) (#$arity #$FormulaArityFn 1) (#$comment #$FormulaArityFn "An instance of #$EvaluatableFunction. When applied to a #$CycLFormula FORM, #$FormulaArityFn returns the number of arguments given to the relation (an instance of #$Relation (q.v.)) appearing in the initial (\"arg0\") argument place of FORM.") (#$isa #$FormulaArityFn #$CoreConstant) (#$isa #$FormulaArityFn #$EvaluatableFunction) (#$isa #$FormulaArityFn #$UnaryFunction) (#$resultIsa #$FormulaArityFn #$PositiveInteger) (#$comment #$Forward-AssertionDirection "An instance of #$CycLAssertionDirection (q.v.). A CycL assertion that has the #$Forward-AssertionDirection can be used in inferences carried out at the time the assertion is added to the Knowlege Base as well as those carried out at when a query is asked. This is the default direction for ground atomic assertions (see #$CycLClosedAtomicSentence). Contrast with #$Backward-AssertionDirection and #$Code-AssertionDirection. Also see #$assertionDirection.") (#$isa #$Forward-AssertionDirection #$CoreImplementationConstant) (#$isa #$Forward-AssertionDirection #$CycLAssertionDirection) (#$comment #$FourthOrderCollection "The collection of all specs of #$ThirdOrderCollection. Any instance of any instance of #$FourthOrderCollection is a #$ThirdOrderCollection. Any instance of any instance of any instance of any instance of any instance of #$FourthOrderCollection is an #$Individual.") (#$disjointWith #$FourthOrderCollection #$ThirdOrderCollection) (#$genls #$FourthOrderCollection #$CollectionType) (#$genls #$FourthOrderCollection #$CollectionTypeType) (#$genls #$FourthOrderCollection #$FixedOrderCollection) (#$isa #$FourthOrderCollection #$CollectionType) (#$isa #$FourthOrderCollection #$CollectionType) (#$isa #$FourthOrderCollection #$CollectionTypeType) (#$isa #$FourthOrderCollection #$FixedOrderCollection) (#$typeGenls #$FourthOrderCollection #$ThirdOrderCollection) (#$arg1Isa #$fourWayJunctionInSystem #$Thing) (#$arg1Isa #$fourWayJunctionInSystem #$Thing) (#$arg2Isa #$fourWayJunctionInSystem #$PathSystem) (#$arg2Isa #$fourWayJunctionInSystem #$PathSystem) (#$argIsa #$fourWayJunctionInSystem 2 #$PathSystem) (#$argIsa #$fourWayJunctionInSystem 2 #$PathSystem) (#$argIsa #$fourWayJunctionInSystem 2 #$PathSystem) (#$argIsa #$fourWayJunctionInSystem 1 #$Thing) (#$argIsa #$fourWayJunctionInSystem 1 #$Thing) (#$argIsa #$fourWayJunctionInSystem 1 #$Thing) (#$arity #$fourWayJunctionInSystem 2) (#$comment #$fourWayJunctionInSystem "(#$fourWayJunctionInSystem JUNCT SYS) means that JUNCT is a 4-way junction in the #$PathSystem SYS. Formally, a 4-way junction in SYS is any node X in SYS such that either there are exactly 4 links and no loops in SYS that X is on, there are exactly 2 loops and no links in SYS that X is on, or there are exactly 2 links and 1 loop in SYS that X is on.") (#$genlPreds #$fourWayJunctionInSystem #$finitaryJunctionInSystem) (#$isa #$fourWayJunctionInSystem #$AsymmetricBinaryPredicate) (#$isa #$fourWayJunctionInSystem #$PathSystemCycLConstant) (#$negationInverse #$fourWayJunctionInSystem #$fourWayJunctionInSystem) (#$negationPreds #$fourWayJunctionInSystem #$threeWayJunctionInSystem) (#$comment #$FPSUnitOfMeasure "A subcollection of #$UnitOfMeasure. #$FPSUnitOfMeasure is the collection of all the measurement functions whose results use the FPS (i.e., foot-pound-second) system of measure to describe physical quantities. Examples: #$Gallon-US, #$SquareMile, #$CubicFtPerSec.") (#$genls #$FPSUnitOfMeasure #$UnitOfMeasure) (#$isa #$FPSUnitOfMeasure #$FunctionCategory) (#$isa #$FPSUnitOfMeasure #$UnitOfMeasureTypeBySystem) (#$arg1Isa #$fragilityOfObject #$PartiallyTangible) (#$arg1Isa #$fragilityOfObject #$PartiallyTangible) (#$arg2Isa #$fragilityOfObject #$FirstOrderCollection) (#$arg2Isa #$fragilityOfObject #$FirstOrderCollection) (#$argIsa #$fragilityOfObject 2 #$FirstOrderCollection) (#$argIsa #$fragilityOfObject 2 #$FirstOrderCollection) (#$argIsa #$fragilityOfObject 1 #$PartiallyTangible) (#$argIsa #$fragilityOfObject 1 #$PartiallyTangible) (#$argIsa #$fragilityOfObject 1 #$PartiallyTangible) (#$arity #$fragilityOfObject 2) (#$comment #$fragilityOfObject "(#$fragilityOfObject OBJ DEGREE) means that the tangible object OBJ has the #$DegreeOfFragility DEGREE. The higher the fragility, the more easily the object can be broken.") (#$genlPreds #$fragilityOfObject #$isa) (#$isa #$fragilityOfObject #$BinaryPredicate) (#$isa #$fragilityOfObject #$TangibleObjectPredicate) (#$transitiveViaArg #$fragilityOfObject #$genlAttributes 2) (#$typedGenlPreds #$fragilityOfObject #$isa) (#$comment #$FrameForAdjectives "The class of #$SubcategorizationFrames which make sense for #$Adjectives.") (#$genls #$FrameForAdjectives #$Individual) (#$genls #$FrameForAdjectives #$SubcategorizationFrame) (#$isa #$FrameForAdjectives #$LinguisticObjectType) (#$comment #$FrameForAdverbs "The class of #$SubcategorizationFrames which make sense for #$Adverbs.") (#$genls #$FrameForAdverbs #$Individual) (#$genls #$FrameForAdverbs #$SubcategorizationFrame) (#$isa #$FrameForAdverbs #$LinguisticObjectType) (#$comment #$FrameForNouns "The class of #$SubcategorizationFrames which make sense for nouns.") (#$genls #$FrameForNouns #$Individual) (#$genls #$FrameForNouns #$SubcategorizationFrame) (#$isa #$FrameForNouns #$LinguisticObjectType) (#$comment #$FrameForVerbs "The class of #$SubcategorizationFrames which make sense for #$Verbs.") (#$genls #$FrameForVerbs #$Individual) (#$genls #$FrameForVerbs #$SubcategorizationFrame) (#$isa #$FrameForVerbs #$LinguisticObjectType) (#$comment #$France "The nation of France as it has existed throughout time; both political and physical aspects. Unlike other nations, France directly includes some overseas possessions.") (#$isa #$France #$Entity) (#$isa #$France #$IndependentCountry) (#$isa #$France #$Individual) (#$isa #$France #$IndustrializedCountry) (#$isa #$France #$IndustrializedCountry) (#$comment #$Freedom-Emotion "Pleasant emotion associated with situations where the person believes themself to be relatively unconstrained in their behavior, not controlled by others.") (#$genls #$Freedom-Emotion #$FeelingAttribute) (#$isa #$Freedom-Emotion #$AtemporalNecessarilyEssentialCollectionType) (#$isa #$Freedom-Emotion #$FeelingType) (#$comment #$FreeSheet "A specialization of #$SheetOfSomeStuff. Each instance of #$FreeSheet is a sheet of tangible stuff that has two sides open to the environment. That is, over most of each of its surfaces, it is not related by #$sheetSurfaceConnected (q.v.) with something else. Specializations include #$SheetOfPaper, #$Towel, #$Fence, and #$CreditCard.") (#$disjointWith #$FreeSheet #$RealEstate) (#$genls #$FreeSheet #$Individual) (#$genls #$FreeSheet #$SheetOfSomeStuff) (#$isa #$FreeSheet #$ExistingStuffType) (#$comment #$FreeSpaceContent "Instances of #$FreeSpaceContent are connected, tangible, fluid individuals occupying regions of \"free\" space (i.e. instances of #$EmptySpaceRegion): space regions through which solid objects can move more or less freely. Examples include the #$Air in the interior of a room or the sky above a city. In an underwater context, a piece of free space content is likely to be an instance of #$Water. Often, a #$FreeSpaceContent is associated with a geographical region or some physical boundaries that define its edges. But a (partially) tangible #$FreeSpaceContent is not to be confused with the intangible #$EmptySpaceRegion it occupies.") (#$disjointWith #$FreeSpaceContent #$EmptySpaceRegion) (#$genls #$FreeSpaceContent #$Air) (#$genls #$FreeSpaceContent #$EmptyRegion-Generic) (#$genls #$FreeSpaceContent #$FluidTangibleThing) (#$genls #$FreeSpaceContent #$Individual) (#$isa #$FreeSpaceContent #$ExistingStuffType) (#$comment #$Freezing "A specialization of #$StateOfMatterChangeEvent. Each instance of #$Freezing is an event in which an object is cooled to a temperature at or below its freezing point (see the predicate #$freezingPoint), and is thereby changed from a #$Liquid-StateOfMatter to a #$Solid-StateOfMatter.") (#$genls #$Freezing #$CoolingProcess) (#$genls #$Freezing #$EnergyTransferEvent) (#$genls #$Freezing #$HeatProductionProcess) (#$genls #$Freezing #$Individual) (#$isa #$Freezing #$DefaultDisjointScriptType) (#$isa #$Freezing #$TemporalObjectType) (#$arg1Isa #$freezingPoint #$PartiallyTangible) (#$arg1Isa #$freezingPoint #$PartiallyTangible) (#$arg2Format #$freezingPoint #$IntervalEntry) (#$arg2Isa #$freezingPoint #$Temperature) (#$arg2Isa #$freezingPoint #$Temperature) (#$argFormat #$freezingPoint 2 #$IntervalEntry) (#$argIsa #$freezingPoint 1 #$PartiallyTangible) (#$argIsa #$freezingPoint 1 #$PartiallyTangible) (#$argIsa #$freezingPoint 1 #$PartiallyTangible) (#$argIsa #$freezingPoint 2 #$Temperature) (#$argIsa #$freezingPoint 2 #$Temperature) (#$argIsa #$freezingPoint 2 #$Temperature) (#$arity #$freezingPoint 2) (#$comment #$freezingPoint "(#$freezingPoint STUFF TEMP) means that TEMP is the temperature at which the substance STUFF changes from having the attribute #$Liquid-StateOfMatter to #$Solid-StateOfMatter (when sufficient energy is output to lower STUFF's temperature through this point). Note that the freezing point of most substances is context-dependent (e.g., based on altitude and other factors.)") (#$functionalInArgs #$freezingPoint 2) (#$functionalInArgs #$freezingPoint 2) (#$isa #$freezingPoint #$IntervalBasedQuantitySlot) (#$isa #$freezingPoint #$TangibleObjectPredicate) (#$comment #$FrenchLanguage "The Romance language which is the primary language spoken in #$France.") (#$isa #$FrenchLanguage #$Individual) (#$isa #$FrenchLanguage #$LivingLanguage) (#$comment #$Frequency "A specialization of #$Rate. Each instance of #$Frequency is the number of times something happens during some time interval. Instances of #$Frequency may be either single values (see the collection #$ScalarPointValue), such as 103 kiloHertz, or a range of values, such as #$Rarely. Note that instances of #$Frequency are important in the characterization of types of #$WavePropagation.") (#$disjointWith #$Frequency #$PhysicalAttributeOfTangibleOnly) (#$genls #$Frequency #$Rate) (#$isa #$Frequency #$AtemporalNecessarilyEssentialCollectionType) (#$isa #$Frequency #$DerivedNumericScalarIntervalType) (#$arg1Format #$frequencyOfActionType #$SetTheFormat) (#$arg1Genl #$frequencyOfActionType #$Event) (#$arg1Isa #$frequencyOfActionType #$FirstOrderCollection) (#$arg2Genl #$frequencyOfActionType #$TemporalThing) (#$arg2Isa #$frequencyOfActionType #$FirstOrderCollection) (#$arg3Isa #$frequencyOfActionType #$ActorSlot) (#$arg4Format #$frequencyOfActionType #$IntervalEntry) (#$arg4Isa #$frequencyOfActionType #$Frequency) (#$argFormat #$frequencyOfActionType 4 #$IntervalEntry) (#$argFormat #$frequencyOfActionType 1 #$SetTheFormat) (#$argGenl #$frequencyOfActionType 1 #$Event) (#$argGenl #$frequencyOfActionType 1 #$Event) (#$argGenl #$frequencyOfActionType 2 #$TemporalThing) (#$argGenl #$frequencyOfActionType 2 #$TemporalThing) (#$argIsa #$frequencyOfActionType 3 #$ActorSlot) (#$argIsa #$frequencyOfActionType 3 #$ActorSlot) (#$argIsa #$frequencyOfActionType 1 #$FirstOrderCollection) (#$argIsa #$frequencyOfActionType 1 #$FirstOrderCollection) (#$argIsa #$frequencyOfActionType 2 #$FirstOrderCollection) (#$argIsa #$frequencyOfActionType 2 #$FirstOrderCollection) (#$argIsa #$frequencyOfActionType 4 #$Frequency) (#$argIsa #$frequencyOfActionType 4 #$Frequency) (#$arity #$frequencyOfActionType 4) (#$comment #$frequencyOfActionType "A predicate for stating the frequency with which typical instances of some type of #$TemporalThing play certain roles in certain types of event. Specifically, (#$frequencyOfActionType ACTTYPE ACTORTYPE ROLE FREQUENCY) indicates that typical instances of ACTORTYPE (where ACTORRTYPE is a specialization of #$TemporalThing) play the role ROLE in instances of ACTTYPE (where ACTTYPE is a specialization of #$Event) with the frequency FREQUENCY. For example, #$frequencyOfActionType can be used to express the fact that typical vertebrates are virtually always breathing: (#$frequencyOfActionType #$Breathing #$Vertebrate #$bodilyDoer #$Continuously). This predicate should _not_ be used for action types that instances of ACTORTYPE do not typically perform role ROLE in, even if those instances of ACTORTYPE that do, do so with frequency FREQUENCY. For those kinds of assertions, use #$regularFrequencyOfActionType.") (#$functionalInArgs #$frequencyOfActionType 4) (#$genlPreds #$frequencyOfActionType #$regularFrequencyOfActionType) (#$isa #$frequencyOfActionType #$FunctionalPredicate) (#$isa #$frequencyOfActionType #$QuaternaryPredicate) (#$isa #$frequencyOfActionType #$TypePredicate) (#$arg1Isa #$frequencyOfSignal #$WavePropagation) (#$arg1Isa #$frequencyOfSignal #$WavePropagation) (#$arg2Isa #$frequencyOfSignal #$Frequency) (#$arg2Isa #$frequencyOfSignal #$Frequency) (#$argIsa #$frequencyOfSignal 2 #$Frequency) (#$argIsa #$frequencyOfSignal 2 #$Frequency) (#$argIsa #$frequencyOfSignal 2 #$Frequency) (#$argIsa #$frequencyOfSignal 1 #$WavePropagation) (#$argIsa #$frequencyOfSignal 1 #$WavePropagation) (#$argIsa #$frequencyOfSignal 1 #$WavePropagation) (#$arity #$frequencyOfSignal 2) (#$comment #$frequencyOfSignal "(#$frequencyOfSignal WAVE FREQ) means that the #$WavePropagation event WAVE consists of waves that occur at intervals of FREQ. FREQ is a measure of #$Frequency generally expressed as cycles per unit of time; frequency of electromagnetic radiation is standardly measured in #$Hertz.") (#$isa #$frequencyOfSignal #$BinaryPredicate) (#$comment #$FreshWaterLake "A specialization of #$BodyOfWater. Each instance of #$FreshWaterLake is a freshwater land-locked body of water. Examples include #$LakeMaracaibo, #$LakeWinnipeg, #$LakeTanganyika, #$LochNess-Lake, #$LakeErie, and #$LakeTahoe. Note that inland saltwater lakes, commonly referred to as `seas', belong to the collection #$InlandSea (q.v.), rather than to #$FreshWaterLake.") (#$genls #$FreshWaterLake #$BodyOfWater) (#$genls #$FreshWaterLake #$Individual) (#$genls #$FreshWaterLake #$Lake) (#$genls #$FreshWaterLake #$Water-Fresh) (#$isa #$FreshWaterLake #$ExistingObjectType) (#$comment #$Friday "A collection of #$CalendarDays and an instance of #$DayOfWeekType. #$Friday is the collection of all (and only) fridays.") (#$genls #$Friday #$CalendarDay) (#$genls #$Friday #$CalendarDay) (#$genls #$Friday #$Individual) (#$isa #$Friday #$CoreConstant) (#$isa #$Friday #$DayOfWeekType) (#$isa #$Friday #$TemporalObjectType) (#$temporallySubsumes-TypeType #$Friday #$CalendarDay) (#$comment #$Friendliness "Emotion manifested by interest in another person (or, more rarely, in some nonhuman agent), good will towards that individual, and an inclination to favor him or her (or it). This is a #$Collection --- for an explanation of that, see #$Happiness. Some more specialized #$FeelingTypes than #$Friendliness are #$Love and #$Love-Romantic.") (#$genls #$Friendliness #$Affection) (#$isa #$Friendliness #$AtemporalNecessarilyEssentialCollectionType) (#$isa #$Friendliness #$FeelingType) (#$arg1Format #$friends #$SetTheFormat) (#$arg1Isa #$friends #$Animal) (#$arg1Isa #$friends #$Individual) (#$arg2Format #$friends #$SetTheFormat) (#$arg2Isa #$friends #$Animal) (#$arg2Isa #$friends #$Individual) (#$argFormat #$friends 1 #$SetTheFormat) (#$argFormat #$friends 2 #$SetTheFormat) (#$argIsa #$friends 1 #$Animal) (#$argIsa #$friends 2 #$Animal) (#$argIsa #$friends 1 #$Individual) (#$argIsa #$friends 2 #$Individual) (#$arity #$friends 2) (#$comment #$friends "(#$friends X Y) means X and Y are friends; typically they have a close relationship of reciprocal care, concern, respect, enjoyment, and mutual regard based on emotional (and/or ideological and intellectual) compatibility, shared interests, etc. Note: In the cases of assertions of two non-human animals being friends, there may be some anthropomorphism going on.") (#$genlInverse #$friends #$friends) (#$genlInverse #$friends #$friends) (#$genlPreds #$friends #$likesAsFriend) (#$isa #$friends #$BinaryPredicate) (#$isa #$friends #$CotemporalObjectsSlot) (#$isa #$friends #$InterExistingObjectPredicate) (#$isa #$friends #$InterPersonalRelationSlot) (#$isa #$friends #$IrreflexiveBinaryPredicate) (#$isa #$friends #$SymmetricBinaryPredicate) (#$arg1Isa #$from-Generic #$GeneralizedTransfer) (#$arg2Isa #$from-Generic #$Individual) (#$argIsa #$from-Generic 1 #$GeneralizedTransfer) (#$argIsa #$from-Generic 1 #$GeneralizedTransfer) (#$argIsa #$from-Generic 2 #$Individual) (#$argIsa #$from-Generic 2 #$Individual) (#$arity #$from-Generic 2) (#$comment #$from-Generic "(#$from-Generic GEN-TRANS THING) means that the #$GeneralizedTransfer GEN-TRANS has an origin or starting point THING. Because #$GeneralizedTransfer covers many kinds of transfer, both physical and abstract, this starting point can be of many types. In a #$Translocation it is a #$PartiallyTangible location (see #$fromLocation), while in #$TransferringPossession it is an #$Agent (see #$fromPossessor). #$from-Generic encompasses all kinds of starting points; as a rule, it is better to use more the specific predicates when possible.") (#$genlPreds #$from-Generic #$terminalOfTrans-Generic) (#$interArgIsa1-2 #$from-Generic #$OrganizationalTransfer #$Organization) (#$isa #$from-Generic #$AsymmetricBinaryPredicate) (#$isa #$from-Generic #$BinaryRolePredicate) (#$isa #$from-Generic #$IndividualLevelPredicate) (#$negationInverse #$from-Generic #$from-Generic) (#$relationAllExists #$from-Generic #$TransferOut #$Individual) (#$arg1Isa #$fromGroup #$GroupTransfer) (#$arg2Isa #$fromGroup #$Group) (#$argIsa #$fromGroup 2 #$Group) (#$argIsa #$fromGroup 2 #$Group) (#$argIsa #$fromGroup 1 #$GroupTransfer) (#$argIsa #$fromGroup 1 #$GroupTransfer) (#$arity #$fromGroup 2) (#$comment #$fromGroup "A specialization of #$from-Generic, #$fromGroup can be used to indicate, in a more specific way, the instance of #$Group from which the #$transferredThing is transferred in some instance of #$GroupTransfer. (#$fromGroup TRANS GROUP) means that in the instance TRANS of #$GroupTransfer, the #$transferredThing is transferred from the instance GROUP of #$Group. See also #$GroupTransferOut and #$toGroup.") (#$genlPreds #$fromGroup #$from-Generic) (#$isa #$fromGroup #$BinaryRolePredicate) (#$relationAllExists #$fromGroup #$GroupTransferOut #$Group) (#$typedGenlPreds #$fromGroup #$from-Generic) (#$arg1Format #$fromLocation #$SetTheFormat) (#$arg1Isa #$fromLocation #$Translocation) (#$arg1Isa #$fromLocation #$Translocation) (#$arg2Format #$fromLocation #$SetTheFormat) (#$arg2Isa #$fromLocation #$SomethingExisting) (#$arg2Isa #$fromLocation #$SomethingExisting) (#$arg2Isa #$fromLocation #$SpatialThing-Localized) (#$arg2Isa #$fromLocation #$SpatialThing-Localized) (#$argFormat #$fromLocation 1 #$SetTheFormat) (#$argFormat #$fromLocation 2 #$SetTheFormat) (#$argIsa #$fromLocation 2 #$SomethingExisting) (#$argIsa #$fromLocation 2 #$SomethingExisting) (#$argIsa #$fromLocation 2 #$SomethingExisting) (#$argIsa #$fromLocation 2 #$SpatialThing-Localized) (#$argIsa #$fromLocation 2 #$SpatialThing-Localized) (#$argIsa #$fromLocation 2 #$SpatialThing-Localized) (#$argIsa #$fromLocation 1 #$Translocation) (#$argIsa #$fromLocation 1 #$Translocation) (#$argIsa #$fromLocation 1 #$Translocation) (#$arity #$fromLocation 2) (#$comment #$fromLocation "This predicate is used to indicate the starting point of a particular movement from one place to another. (#$fromLocation MOVE LOC) means that LOC is where some salient moving-object (see #$objectMoving) in the #$Translocation MOVE is found at the beginning of MOVE and is where it begins this motion. This moving-object might or might not be #$Stationary at LOC at the beginning of MOVE. If MOVE is a single-pathway translation (see #$Translation-SingleTrajectory), then each of its salient moving-objects is found at LOC when MOVE starts. If MOVE has multiple movers and multiple pathways (see #$Translation-MultiTrajectory), then at least some of the moving-objects can be found at LOC when MOVE starts. If MOVE is a flow (such as a river flowing, a wind blowing, a tornado, a typhoon, some clouds moving, or air filling your lungs when you take a breath; see #$Translation-Flow), then at least some portion of the fluid moving-object can be found at LOC when MOVE starts. See also #$motionPathway-Complete and #$pathConnects.") (#$genlPreds #$fromLocation #$from-Generic) (#$genlPreds #$fromLocation #$preActors) (#$interArgFormat1-2 #$fromLocation #$Translation-MultiTrajectory #$SetTheFormat) (#$interArgFormat1-2 #$fromLocation #$Translation-SingleTrajectory #$SetTheFormat) (#$isa #$fromLocation #$ActorSlot) (#$isa #$fromLocation #$BinaryPredicate) (#$negationPreds #$fromLocation #$transferredThing) (#$relationAllExists #$fromLocation #$PrecipitationProcess #$CloudInSky) (#$relationAllExists #$fromLocation #$LeavingAPlace #$PartiallyTangible) (#$relationAllExists #$fromLocation #$Movement-TranslationEvent #$PartiallyTangible) (#$relationAllExists #$fromLocation #$LeavingAPlace #$TemporalThing) (#$relationAllExists #$fromLocation #$Movement-TranslationEvent #$TemporalThing) (#$relationAllExists #$fromLocation #$TransferOut #$TemporalThing) (#$relationAllExists #$fromLocation #$Translocation #$TemporalThing) (#$relationAllExists #$fromLocation #$Translocation #$TemporalThing) (#$typedGenlPreds #$fromLocation #$from-Generic) (#$minimizeExtent #$fromLocation) (#$arg1Isa #$fromOrganization #$OrganizationalTransfer) (#$arg1Isa #$fromOrganization #$OrganizationalTransfer) (#$arg2Isa #$fromOrganization #$Organization) (#$arg2Isa #$fromOrganization #$Organization) (#$argIsa #$fromOrganization 2 #$Organization) (#$argIsa #$fromOrganization 2 #$Organization) (#$argIsa #$fromOrganization 2 #$Organization) (#$argIsa #$fromOrganization 1 #$OrganizationalTransfer) (#$argIsa #$fromOrganization 1 #$OrganizationalTransfer) (#$argIsa #$fromOrganization 1 #$OrganizationalTransfer) (#$arity #$fromOrganization 2) (#$comment #$fromOrganization "A specialization of #$from-Generic, #$fromOrganization can be used to indicate, in a more specific way, the instance of #$Organization from which the instance of #$IntelligentAgent is transferred in some instance of #$OrganizationalTransfer. (#$fromOrganization TRANS ORG) means that in the instance TRANS of #$OrganizationalTransfer, the #$transferredThing is transferred from the instance ORG of #$Organization. See also #$OrganizationalTransferIn and #$toOrganization.") (#$genlPreds #$fromOrganization #$fromGroup) (#$isa #$fromOrganization #$BinaryRolePredicate) (#$relationAllExists #$fromOrganization #$OrganizationalTransferOut #$Organization) (#$typedGenlPreds #$fromOrganization #$fromGroup) (#$arg1Isa #$fromPossessor #$LosingUserRights) (#$arg1Isa #$fromPossessor #$LosingUserRights) (#$arg2Isa #$fromPossessor #$Agent) (#$arg2Isa #$fromPossessor #$Agent) (#$argIsa #$fromPossessor 2 #$Agent) (#$argIsa #$fromPossessor 2 #$Agent) (#$argIsa #$fromPossessor 2 #$Agent) (#$argIsa #$fromPossessor 1 #$LosingUserRights) (#$argIsa #$fromPossessor 1 #$LosingUserRights) (#$argIsa #$fromPossessor 1 #$LosingUserRights) (#$arity #$fromPossessor 2) (#$comment #$fromPossessor "This predicate identifies an #$Agent who loses some right to use an object. (#$fromPossessor LOSS AGENT) means that AGENT enjoys some #$UserRightsAttribute over the #$objectOfPossessionTransfer at the start of the #$LosingUserRights event LOSS, but no longer has that particular #$UserRightsAttribute after the LOSS ends.") (#$genlPreds #$fromPossessor #$from-Generic) (#$genlPreds #$fromPossessor #$preActors) (#$genlPredsWRTTypes #$fromPossessor #$victim #$Stealing-Generic #$SocialBeing) (#$isa #$fromPossessor #$ActorSlot) (#$negationPreds #$fromPossessor #$instrument-Generic) (#$relationAllExists #$fromPossessor #$TransferringPossession #$Agent) (#$relationAllExists #$fromPossessor #$TransferringPossession #$TemporalThing) (#$minimizeExtent #$fromPossessor) (#$comment #$FrontAndBackSidedObject "A #$FrontAndBackSidedObject is a object with an intrinsic #$FrontSide and an intrinsic #$BackSide. By 'intrinsic' we mean simply that there exists an estabilshed convention according to which one side is considered 'Front' and the other side is considered 'Back'. Usually the two sides in question can be reliably distinguished. Notice that a conventionally distinguishable front and back do not necessarily imply a bottom and top, or a left and right: a #$Worm has a clear-cut front end and a clear-cut back end according to biological convention, but it makes little sense to talk of top, bottom, left or right. However, see also the comment for #$HexalateralObject. Notice also--and this is crucial to the whole conception-- that while a #$FrontAndBackSidedObject may well have a preferred orientation and direction of motion, changing either does not change what counts as the 'front' and what counts as the 'back': while I am backing my car out of the driveway in the morning, its back end does not become its front end and vice versa. If an entity does not obey this rule then it does not, generally speaking count as having a distinguishable front and back--example: a dolley, such as is used to transport crates, or some skateboards.") (#$genls #$FrontAndBackSidedObject #$BilateralObject) (#$genls #$FrontAndBackSidedObject #$Individual) (#$isa #$FrontAndBackSidedObject #$ExistingObjectType) (#$comment #$FrontSide "The collection of all the entire front sides (as conventionally understood) of all objects that have distinct #$Sides, one of which faces in the frontwards direction.") (#$genls #$FrontSide #$Individual) (#$genls #$FrontSide #$Side) (#$isa #$FrontSide #$RegionType) (#$comment #$Fruit "A specialization of #$PlantPart. Each instance of #$Fruit is a plant structure containing the seeds of an angiosperm. Many instances of #$Fruit have fleshy walls with high concentrations of sugars or fats, and these are often eaten by humans and other animals. Fruits usually develop from the ovary wall, although some fruits include other tissues; e.g., the flesh of apples and of strawberries develops from the receptacle, and the fruits of pineapple and fig develop from a whole inflorescence (group of flowers). See also #$EdibleFruit.") (#$genls #$Fruit #$ExternalAnatomicalPart) (#$genls #$Fruit #$Individual) (#$genls #$Fruit #$Mixture) (#$genls #$Fruit #$PlantPart) (#$isa #$Fruit #$LifeStageType) (#$isa #$Fruit #$OrganismPartType) (#$comment #$FruitAndVegetableFood "A specialization of #$EdibleStuff and an instance of #$FoodGroup. Each instance of #$FruitAndVegetableFood is a fruit or a vegetable.") (#$genls #$FruitAndVegetableFood #$EdibleStuff) (#$genls #$FruitAndVegetableFood #$Individual) (#$isa #$FruitAndVegetableFood #$ExistingStuffType) (#$isa #$FruitAndVegetableFood #$FoodGroup) (#$genls (#$FruitFn #$CerealPlant) #$Fruit) (#$genls (#$FruitFn #$CerealPlant) #$Individual) (#$isa (#$FruitFn #$CerealPlant) #$ExistingObjectType) (#$isa (#$FruitFn #$CerealPlant) #$LifeStageType) (#$arg1Genl #$FruitFn #$Plant) (#$arg1Genl #$FruitFn #$Plant) (#$arg1Isa #$FruitFn #$OrganismClassificationType) (#$arg1Isa #$FruitFn #$OrganismClassificationType) (#$argGenl #$FruitFn 1 #$Plant) (#$argGenl #$FruitFn 1 #$Plant) (#$argGenl #$FruitFn 1 #$Plant) (#$argIsa #$FruitFn 1 #$OrganismClassificationType) (#$argIsa #$FruitFn 1 #$OrganismClassificationType) (#$argIsa #$FruitFn 1 #$OrganismClassificationType) (#$arity #$FruitFn 1) (#$comment #$FruitFn "#$FruitFn is a Cyc function, specifically a #$CollectionDenotingFunction, which is used to denote the various natural kinds of fruit. #$FruitFn takes a single plant collection as its argument and returns the collection of fruits of that type of plant. (#$FruitFn PLANTTYPE) denotes the collection of all fruits from the elements of PLANTTYPE. Examples: (#$FruitFn #$AppleTree) denotes the collection of apples; (#$FruitFn #$CashewTree) denotes the fruit of the cashew tree (note this does NOT correspond with #$Cashew-TheSeed; the red pulpy fruit is used to make cashew wine).") (#$functionCorrespondingPredicate-Canonical #$FruitFn #$fruitOfType 2) (#$isa #$FruitFn #$CollectionDenotingFunction) (#$isa #$FruitFn #$CollectionDenotingFunction) (#$isa #$FruitFn #$ReifiableFunction) (#$isa #$FruitFn #$UnaryFunction) (#$resultGenl #$FruitFn #$Fruit) (#$resultGenl #$FruitFn #$Individual) (#$resultIsa #$FruitFn #$ExistingObjectType) (#$resultIsa #$FruitFn #$ExistingObjectType) (#$arg1Format #$fruitOfType #$singleEntryFormatInArgs) (#$arg1Genl #$fruitOfType #$Plant) (#$arg1Genl #$fruitOfType #$Plant) (#$arg1Isa #$fruitOfType #$ExistingObjectType) (#$arg1Isa #$fruitOfType #$ExistingObjectType) (#$arg2Format #$fruitOfType #$singleEntryFormatInArgs) (#$arg2Genl #$fruitOfType #$Fruit) (#$arg2Genl #$fruitOfType #$Fruit) (#$arg2Isa #$fruitOfType #$ExistingObjectType) (#$arg2Isa #$fruitOfType #$ExistingObjectType) (#$argFormat #$fruitOfType 1 #$singleEntryFormatInArgs) (#$argFormat #$fruitOfType 2 #$singleEntryFormatInArgs) (#$argGenl #$fruitOfType 2 #$Fruit) (#$argGenl #$fruitOfType 2 #$Fruit) (#$argGenl #$fruitOfType 2 #$Fruit) (#$argGenl #$fruitOfType 1 #$Plant) (#$argGenl #$fruitOfType 1 #$Plant) (#$argGenl #$fruitOfType 1 #$Plant) (#$argIsa #$fruitOfType 1 #$ExistingObjectType) (#$argIsa #$fruitOfType 1 #$ExistingObjectType) (#$argIsa #$fruitOfType 1 #$ExistingObjectType) (#$argIsa #$fruitOfType 2 #$ExistingObjectType) (#$argIsa #$fruitOfType 2 #$ExistingObjectType) (#$argIsa #$fruitOfType 2 #$ExistingObjectType) (#$arity #$fruitOfType 2) (#$comment #$fruitOfType "A binary predicate that relates specializations of #$Plant to specializations of #$Fruit. (#$fruitOfType PLANT-TYPE FRUIT-TYPE) means that FRUIT-TYPE is the type of fruit that PLANT-TYPE bears.") (#$functionalInArgs #$fruitOfType 2) (#$isa #$fruitOfType #$KindLevelPredicate) (#$isa #$fruitOfType #$StrictlyFunctionalSlot) (#$comment #$Frustrated "A specialization of #$IntelligentAgent. Each instance is an agent in the emotional state of being frustrated. Use this constant with a #$GenericValueFunction to denote a collection of agents that are in this emotional state to some varying degree.") (#$genls #$Frustrated #$Dissatisfied) (#$genls #$Frustrated #$Individual) (#$isa #$Frustrated #$AgentTypeByEmotionalState) (#$isa #$Frustrated #$FirstOrderCollection) (#$comment #$Frustration "A feeling of irritation and dissatisfaction arising from unresolved problems or unfulfilled needs. This is a collection; for an explanation of a typical #$FeelingType, see #$Happiness.") (#$genls #$Frustration #$Dissatisfaction) (#$isa #$Frustration #$AtemporalNecessarilyEssentialCollectionType) (#$isa #$Frustration #$FeelingType) (#$comment #$Frying "Cooking food by partial or total immersion in hot oil until desired level of doneness.") (#$genls #$Frying #$CookingFood) (#$genls #$Frying #$Individual) (#$isa #$Frying #$DefaultDisjointScriptType) (#$isa #$Frying #$TemporalObjectType) (#$comment #$FuelPoweredDevice "A collection of physical devices; a subcollection of #$PoweredDevice. An instance of #$FuelPoweredDevice is directly powered by combustible fuels such as gasoline, coal, and natural gas. Common examples of #$FuelPoweredDevice include automobiles with gasoline-powered engines, kerosene heaters, propane torches, and jet airplanes.") (#$disjointWith #$FuelPoweredDevice #$NuclearPoweredDevice) (#$disjointWith #$FuelPoweredDevice #$WritingImplement) (#$genls #$FuelPoweredDevice #$Individual) (#$genls #$FuelPoweredDevice #$MechanicalDevice) (#$genls #$FuelPoweredDevice #$PoweredDevice) (#$isa #$FuelPoweredDevice #$ExistingObjectType) (#$comment #$FullTimeWorker "An instance of #$EmployeeTypeByWorkStatus and specialization of #$Employee. Each #$FullTimeWorker is employed full time by some agent.") (#$genls #$FullTimeWorker #$Employee) (#$genls #$FullTimeWorker #$Individual) (#$isa #$FullTimeWorker #$EmployeeTypeByWorkStatus) (#$isa #$FullTimeWorker #$ExistingObjectType) (#$comment #$FunctionalAlgorithm "A specialization of #$Algorithm. Each instance of #$FunctionalAlgorithm is an algorithm with only one defined output. Note that instances of this collection may make other computations as a side effect, but there is only one \"official\" result. Such algorithms are well suited to being abstracted out as independent instances of #$ProgramFunction in computer programs.") (#$genls #$FunctionalAlgorithm #$Algorithm) (#$genls #$FunctionalAlgorithm #$Individual) (#$isa #$FunctionalAlgorithm #$ObjectType) (#$arg1Format #$functionalInArgs #$SetTheFormat) (#$arg1Isa #$functionalInArgs #$FunctionalPredicate) (#$arg2Format #$functionalInArgs #$SetTheFormat) (#$arg2Isa #$functionalInArgs #$PositiveInteger) (#$argFormat #$functionalInArgs 1 #$SetTheFormat) (#$argFormat #$functionalInArgs 2 #$SetTheFormat) (#$argIsa #$functionalInArgs 1 #$FunctionalPredicate) (#$argIsa #$functionalInArgs 1 #$FunctionalPredicate) (#$argIsa #$functionalInArgs 2 #$PositiveInteger) (#$argIsa #$functionalInArgs 2 #$PositiveInteger) (#$arity #$functionalInArgs 2) (#$comment #$functionalInArgs "A #$MetaPredicate for specifying the argument-place(s) with respect to which a given #$FunctionalPredicate (q.v) is \"functional\". (#$functionalInArgs PRED N) means that PRED is functional in its Nth argument-place. That is, for any particular way of fixing all of PRED's other arguments, there will be at most one thing that, if taken as the Nth argument, would result in a true sentence. For example, #$biologicalMother is functional in its second argument, as nothing has more than one biological mother. In most cases, the entry-format (see #$Format) of a functional argument-place should be #$singleEntryFormatInArgs (q.v.). In some cases, however, the entry-format is #$intervalEntryFormatInArgs (q.v.), and then the meaning of (#$functionalInArgs PRED N) deviates slightly from that described above. In such a case there might be more than one instance of #$ScalarInterval (q.v.) that, when taken as PRED's Nth argument (and keeping the other arguments fixed), yields a true statement; but if so, all such (equivalently \"truth-yielding\") scalar-intervals must _overlap_ one another (see #$quantityIntersects). For example, #$heightOfObject's second, functional argument-place has the interval-entry format, reflecting the fact that it might be true to say of a given basketball player (e.g.) _either_ that he is 6-feet-11-inches in height or that he is between 6-feet-10 and 7-feet in height. Obviously, the specified integer N must be less than or equal to the arity (see #$arity) of PRED. Note that, for some ways of fixing the other arguments, there might be _nothing_ that would yield a true sentence when put in PRED's functional argument-place. For example, #$dictator is functional in its second argument because a given country can have at most one dictator at a given time; but of course some countries have no dictator.") (#$isa #$functionalInArgs #$BinaryPredicate) (#$isa #$functionalInArgs #$MetaPredicate) (#$isa #$functionalInArgs #$MetaPredicate) (#$isa #$functionalInArgs #$OpenCycDefinitionalPredicate) (#$relationAllExists #$functionalInArgs #$FunctionalPredicate #$PositiveInteger) (#$relationAllInstance #$functionalInArgs #$FunctionalSlot 2) (#$comment #$FunctionalPredicate "A specialization of #$Predicate whose instances are those predicates that are \"functional\" in at least one argument-place (see #$functionalInArgs and #$singleEntryFormatInArgs). That is, given any sequence of legal arguments placed in such a predicate's other argument positions, there is at most one argument such that, when it is placed in the predicate's functional position, the resulting formula is true. More precisely: Suppose PRED is an N-ary instance of #$FunctionalPredicate that is functional in its Kth place. Given any (N-1)-tuple consisting of things that are, respectively, legal arguments for (i.e. satisfy all argument-constraints on) the N-1 argument-places in PRED other than its Kth-place, there is at most one thing -- call it O(K) -- such that (PRED O(1)..O(N)) is true. (The one exception to the above is when the entry-format for PRED's functional argument-place is #$intervalEntryFormatInArgs (q.v.) instead of #$singleEntryFormatInArgs. In that case there might be multiple instances INT-1..INT-M of #$ScalarInterval that, when put in this argument-place, each yield a true formula; but only if all of the INT-i overlap one another and thus have a common sub-interval; see #$quantityIntersects and #$quantitySubsumes. Cf. #$StrictlyFunctionalPredicate.) For example, #$biologicalMother is functional in its second argument-place, since every animal has one and only one biological mother. Note that it might be the case that, for some ways of fixing PRED's other arguments, there will be _nothing_ that would yield a true formula when put into PRED's functional argument-place; for example, while a spatial thing has at most one length (see #$lengthOfObject), if it is (say) a sphere it has none. A binary #$FunctionalPredicate that is functional in its second argument is an instance of #$FunctionalSlot (q.v.).") (#$genls #$FunctionalPredicate #$FunctionalRelation) (#$genls #$FunctionalPredicate #$Predicate) (#$isa #$FunctionalPredicate #$AtemporalNecessarilyEssentialCollectionType) (#$isa #$FunctionalPredicate #$PredicateCategory) (#$collectionUnion #$FunctionalRelation (#$TheSet #$FunctionalPredicate #$Function-Denotational)) (#$comment #$FunctionalRelation "A specialization of #$Relation each instance of which is either a function (see #$Function-Denotational) or a predicate that is \"functional\" in at least one argument-place (see #$FunctionalPredicate and #$functionalInArgs). Examples include #$IntervalMaxFn, #$ElectricalPotentialDifferenceFn, #$revenueFromType, #$costRateForType, and #$biologicalMother. See also the specialization #$StrictlyFunctionalRelation.") (#$genls #$FunctionalRelation #$Relation) (#$isa #$FunctionalRelation #$RelationshipType) (#$comment #$FunctionalSlot "A specialization of #$FunctionalPredicate each instance of which is a binary predicate that is functional in its second argument position. More precisely, a binary predicate PRED is an instance of #$FunctionalSlot if, for any legal occupant THING1 of PRED's first (or \"arg1\") argument position, there is at most one legal occupant THING2 of PRED's second (or \"arg2\") argument position such that (PRED THING1 THING2) holds. (The foregoing sufficient condition is not necessary in the case where the arg2 entry-format of PRED is #$intervalEntryFormatInArgs (q.v.) instead of #$singleEntryFormatInArgs; see the comment for #$FunctionalPredicate for that case. Cf. #$StrictlyFunctionalSlot.) #$FunctionalSlot is thus the subcollection of the \"collection-intersection\" of #$BinaryPredicate and #$FunctionalPredicate containing those predicates whose second argument (at least) is functional. Examples include #$latitude, #$countryOfAddress, and #$femaleParentActor.") (#$genls #$FunctionalSlot #$BinaryPredicate) (#$genls #$FunctionalSlot #$FunctionalPredicate) (#$isa #$FunctionalSlot #$AtemporalNecessarilyEssentialCollectionType) (#$isa #$FunctionalSlot #$PredicateCategory) (#$sharedNotes #$FunctionalSlot #$NoteAboutPredicateCategories) (#$arg1Isa #$FunctionCallFn #$ProgramFunction) (#$arg1Isa #$FunctionCallFn #$ProgramFunction) (#$arg2Isa #$FunctionCallFn #$ProgramExpression) (#$arg2Isa #$FunctionCallFn #$ProgramExpression) (#$argAndRestIsa #$FunctionCallFn 2 #$ProgramExpression) (#$argIsa #$FunctionCallFn 2 #$ProgramExpression) (#$argIsa #$FunctionCallFn 2 #$ProgramExpression) (#$argIsa #$FunctionCallFn 2 #$ProgramExpression) (#$argIsa #$FunctionCallFn 1 #$ProgramFunction) (#$argIsa #$FunctionCallFn 1 #$ProgramFunction) (#$argIsa #$FunctionCallFn 1 #$ProgramFunction) (#$comment #$FunctionCallFn "An individual denoting function. (#$FunctionCallFn FUNCTION . ARGS) denotes the program expression in which FUNCTION is called with arguments ARGS).") (#$isa #$FunctionCallFn #$IndividualDenotingFunction) (#$isa #$FunctionCallFn #$VariableArityRelation) (#$resultIsa #$FunctionCallFn #$Individual) (#$resultIsa #$FunctionCallFn #$ProgramExpression) (#$comment #$FunctionCategory "A collection of collections that is a specialization of #$RelationshipType. Each instance of #$FunctionCategory is a collection of #$Function-Denotationals. The functions in a given function-category represented in the Knowledge Base are typically those sharing some common feature(s) -- often having to do with what kind of thing the functions return (see #$resultIsa and #$resultGenls) -- considered significant enough that the collection of all such functions is useful to reify. Although what constitutes a \"significant common feature\" is difficult to specify precisely, there are many clear-cut cases. Examples include #$IndividualDenotingFunction, #$CollectionDenotingFunction, and #$FunctionDenotingFunction. See also #$PredicateCategory.") (#$genls #$FunctionCategory #$RelationshipType) (#$isa #$FunctionCategory #$AtemporalNecessarilyEssentialCollectionType) (#$isa #$FunctionCategory #$CollectionType) (#$isa #$FunctionCategory #$CollectionType) (#$isa #$FunctionCategory #$SecondOrderCollection) (#$typeGenls #$FunctionCategory #$Function-Denotational) (#$arg1Isa #$functionCommutesWith #$UnaryFunction) (#$arg2Isa #$functionCommutesWith #$UnaryFunction) (#$argIsa #$functionCommutesWith 1 #$UnaryFunction) (#$argIsa #$functionCommutesWith 1 #$UnaryFunction) (#$argIsa #$functionCommutesWith 2 #$UnaryFunction) (#$argIsa #$functionCommutesWith 2 #$UnaryFunction) (#$arity #$functionCommutesWith 2) (#$comment #$functionCommutesWith "Used to assert that the order of application of two functions is irrelevant, and that the functions commute with each other. This information is used to canonicalize terms involving these functions. For instance, if (#$functionCommutesWith FOO BAR) is asserted, then the two terms (FOO (BAR X)) and (BAR (FOO X)) will canonicalize to the same thing.") (#$genlInverse #$functionCommutesWith #$functionCommutesWith) (#$isa #$functionCommutesWith #$ReflexiveBinaryPredicate) (#$isa #$functionCommutesWith #$RuleMacroPredicate) (#$isa #$functionCommutesWith #$SymmetricBinaryPredicate) (#$arg1Format #$functionCorrespondingPredicate #$SetTheFormat) (#$arg1Isa #$functionCorrespondingPredicate #$Function-Denotational) (#$arg2Format #$functionCorrespondingPredicate #$SetTheFormat) (#$arg2Isa #$functionCorrespondingPredicate #$FunctionalPredicate) (#$arg3Format #$functionCorrespondingPredicate #$SingleEntry) (#$arg3Isa #$functionCorrespondingPredicate #$PositiveInteger) (#$argFormat #$functionCorrespondingPredicate 1 #$SetTheFormat) (#$argFormat #$functionCorrespondingPredicate 2 #$SetTheFormat) (#$argFormat #$functionCorrespondingPredicate 3 #$SingleEntry) (#$argIsa #$functionCorrespondingPredicate 2 #$FunctionalPredicate) (#$argIsa #$functionCorrespondingPredicate 2 #$FunctionalPredicate) (#$argIsa #$functionCorrespondingPredicate 1 #$Function-Denotational) (#$argIsa #$functionCorrespondingPredicate 1 #$Function-Denotational) (#$argIsa #$functionCorrespondingPredicate 3 #$PositiveInteger) (#$argIsa #$functionCorrespondingPredicate 3 #$PositiveInteger) (#$arity #$functionCorrespondingPredicate 3) (#$comment #$functionCorrespondingPredicate "A #$MetaRelation that is used to state that a given function and a given predicate amount to essentially the same relationship, modulo possible (consistent) differences in argument-order and a specification of which argument to the predicate corresponds to the result of the function. (#$functionCorrespondingPredicate FUNC PRED N) means that FUNC maps a given argument-sequence ARGS (say of length M) to the value VAL if and only if PRED holds of a certain (M+1 length) sequence ARGS-N-VAL, where ARGS-N-VAL has as members all of the members of ARGS and has VAL as its Nth member. The members of ARGS-N-VAL other than VAL must be in some fixed (but unspecified) order in relation to their ordering in ARGS, though this need not be the same order in which they occur in ARGS. Thus PRED will be a #$FunctionalPredicate (q.v.), with its Nth argument-place being a \"functional\" one (see #$functionalInArgs). For example, (#$functionCorrespondingPredicate #$StreetCornerFn #$streetCornerOf 1) implies that (#$equals (#$StreetCornerFn XING DIRECTION) LOT) is either equivalent to (#$streetCornerOf LOT XING DIRECTION) or (#$streetCornerOf LOT DIRECTION XING). (It is in fact equivalent to the former.) When reifying an instance of #$Function-Denotational it is generally considered good ontological engineering practice also to reify a (or to find an already-existing) corresponding #$Predicate, as this allows one to describe more explicitly the relationship between the members of the function's domain and the corresponding members of its range (see #$relationDomain and #$relationRange). See also the respectively more-specific and less-specific #$functionCorrespondingPredicate-Canonical and #$functionCorrespondingPredicate-Generic.") (#$genlPreds #$functionCorrespondingPredicate #$functionCorrespondingPredicate-Generic) (#$isa #$functionCorrespondingPredicate #$FunctionalPredicate) (#$isa #$functionCorrespondingPredicate #$MetaRelation) (#$isa #$functionCorrespondingPredicate #$OpenCycDefinitionalPredicate) (#$isa #$functionCorrespondingPredicate #$PossibleDefinitionalPredicate) (#$isa #$functionCorrespondingPredicate #$TernaryPredicate) (#$strictlyFunctionalInArgs #$functionCorrespondingPredicate 3) (#$arg1Format #$functionCorrespondingPredicate-Canonical #$SetTheFormat) (#$arg1Isa #$functionCorrespondingPredicate-Canonical #$Function-Denotational) (#$arg2Format #$functionCorrespondingPredicate-Canonical #$SetTheFormat) (#$arg2Isa #$functionCorrespondingPredicate-Canonical #$FunctionalPredicate) (#$arg3Format #$functionCorrespondingPredicate-Canonical #$SingleEntry) (#$arg3Isa #$functionCorrespondingPredicate-Canonical #$PositiveInteger) (#$argFormat #$functionCorrespondingPredicate-Canonical 1 #$SetTheFormat) (#$argFormat #$functionCorrespondingPredicate-Canonical 2 #$SetTheFormat) (#$argFormat #$functionCorrespondingPredicate-Canonical 3 #$SingleEntry) (#$argIsa #$functionCorrespondingPredicate-Canonical 2 #$FunctionalPredicate) (#$argIsa #$functionCorrespondingPredicate-Canonical 2 #$FunctionalPredicate) (#$argIsa #$functionCorrespondingPredicate-Canonical 1 #$Function-Denotational) (#$argIsa #$functionCorrespondingPredicate-Canonical 1 #$Function-Denotational) (#$argIsa #$functionCorrespondingPredicate-Canonical 3 #$PositiveInteger) (#$argIsa #$functionCorrespondingPredicate-Canonical 3 #$PositiveInteger) (#$arity #$functionCorrespondingPredicate-Canonical 3) (#$comment #$functionCorrespondingPredicate-Canonical "A #$MetaRelation and specialization of #$functionCorrespondingPredicate that is used to state that a given function and a given predicate amount to essentially the same relationship, modulo the given argument number of the predicate corresponding to the result of the function. (#$functionCorrespondingPredicate-Canonical FUNC PRED N) means that FUNC maps a given argument-sequence ARGS (say of length M) to the value VAL if and only if PRED holds of the (M+1 length) sequence ARGS-N-VAL, where ARGS-N-VAL is just like ARGS except for having VAL as its Nth member and having ARGS's Nth to Mth members as its (N+1)th to (M+1)th members. Thus PRED will be a #$FunctionalPredicate (q.v.), with its Nth argument-place being a \"functional\" one (see #$functionalInArgs). For example, (#$functionCorrespondingPredicate-Canonical #$StreetCornerFn #$streetCornerOf 1) implies that (#$StreetCornerFn XING DIRECTION) = LOT just in case (#$streetCornerOf LOT XING DIRECTION) holds. When reifying an instance of #$Function-Denotational it is generally considered good ontological engineering practice also to reify a (or to find an already-existing) corresponding #$Predicate, as this allows one to describe more explicitly the relationship between the members of the function's domain and the corresponding members of its range (see #$relationDomain and #$relationRange). See also #$functionCorrespondsToShuffledPredicate, #$functionCorrespondsToShuffledPredicate-Symmetric, and #$functionCorrespondingPredicate-Generic.") (#$functionalInArgs #$functionCorrespondingPredicate-Canonical 3) (#$genlPreds #$functionCorrespondingPredicate-Canonical #$functionCorrespondingPredicate) (#$isa #$functionCorrespondingPredicate-Canonical #$FunctionalPredicate) (#$isa #$functionCorrespondingPredicate-Canonical #$MetaRelation) (#$isa #$functionCorrespondingPredicate-Canonical #$OpenCycDefinitionalPredicate) (#$isa #$functionCorrespondingPredicate-Canonical #$TernaryPredicate) (#$strictlyFunctionalInArgs #$functionCorrespondingPredicate-Canonical 3) (#$arg1Format #$functionCorrespondingPredicate-Generic #$SetTheFormat) (#$arg1Isa #$functionCorrespondingPredicate-Generic #$Function-Denotational) (#$arg2Format #$functionCorrespondingPredicate-Generic #$SetTheFormat) (#$arg2Isa #$functionCorrespondingPredicate-Generic #$Predicate) (#$arg3Format #$functionCorrespondingPredicate-Generic #$SetTheFormat) (#$arg3Isa #$functionCorrespondingPredicate-Generic #$PositiveInteger) (#$argFormat #$functionCorrespondingPredicate-Generic 1 #$SetTheFormat) (#$argFormat #$functionCorrespondingPredicate-Generic 2 #$SetTheFormat) (#$argFormat #$functionCorrespondingPredicate-Generic 3 #$SetTheFormat) (#$argIsa #$functionCorrespondingPredicate-Generic 1 #$Function-Denotational) (#$argIsa #$functionCorrespondingPredicate-Generic 1 #$Function-Denotational) (#$argIsa #$functionCorrespondingPredicate-Generic 3 #$PositiveInteger) (#$argIsa #$functionCorrespondingPredicate-Generic 3 #$PositiveInteger) (#$argIsa #$functionCorrespondingPredicate-Generic 2 #$Predicate) (#$argIsa #$functionCorrespondingPredicate-Generic 2 #$Predicate) (#$arity #$functionCorrespondingPredicate-Generic 3) (#$comment #$functionCorrespondingPredicate-Generic "A #$MetaRelation and a generalization of #$functionCorrespondingPredicate (q.v.). #$functionCorrespondingPredicate-Generic differs from the more specific predicate both in that (i) its second argument-position is constrained only to be a #$Predicate rather than a #$FunctionalPredicate and (ii) it can hold between a function and a predicate even when the second is a more broadly-defined relation than the first. Thus, for example, if FUNC is unary and is defined for THING (see #$inDomainOf), (#$functionCorrespondingPredicate-Generic FUNC PRED 2) entails (PRED THING (FUNC THING)). That is, FUNC's returning some thing VALUE for THING is a sufficient (though not a necessary) condition for PRED's holding between THING and VALUE. When reifying an instance of #$Function-Denotational it is generally considered good ontological engineering practice also to reify a (or to find an already-existing) corresponding #$Predicate, as this enables one to describe more explicitly the relationship between the members of the function's domain and the associated members of its range (see #$relationDomain and #$relationRange). #$functionCorrespondingPredicate-Generic's particular reason-for-being is twofold. First, there are some functions for which the intuitively most appropriate-to-reify corresponding predicate is not functional (see #$functionalInArgs) in the relevant argument place. This is the case, for example, with the predicate #$streetIntersectionOf (which \"corresponds\" to the function #$StreetIntersectionFn), since it is possible for two given streets to intersect each other at more than one place. Second, the predicate might have more general argument-type constraints (see #$ArgTypePredicate) than the function. For example, one of the function's arguments might be constrained to be an instance of #$PartiallyTangible, while the corresponding argument of the predicate might plausibly be constrained to be an instance of the more general #$SpatialThing-Localized. In either of the above situations #$functionCorrespondingPredicate-Generic can be used to relate such functions to \"corresponding\" predicates, even though #$functionCorrespondingPredicate could not. Still, it is usually preferable to use the more specific #$functionCorrespondingPredicate or (even better) #$functionCorrespondingPredicate-Canonical when possible.") (#$isa #$functionCorrespondingPredicate-Generic #$MetaRelation) (#$isa #$functionCorrespondingPredicate-Generic #$OpenCycDefinitionalPredicate) (#$isa #$functionCorrespondingPredicate-Generic #$TernaryPredicate) (#$comment #$FunctionDefinition-Start "An instance of #$ProgramSyntaxObject. #$FunctionDefinition-Start denotes for a contextually determined programming language the sequence of tokens that would signal the start of a function definition. For example, in #$CommonLisp, #$FunctionDefinition-Start would denote the token \"defun\".") (#$isa #$FunctionDefinition-Start #$Individual) (#$isa #$FunctionDefinition-Start #$ProgramSyntaxObject) (#$comment #$Function-Denotational "#$Function-Denotational is the collection of functions the CycL expressions for which can be used to form non-atomic terms (NATs). Specifically, when such a function-denoting expression is appropriately combined with other expressions (i.e. the former is in the 0th argument position and the latter are of the correct number and type) the resulting expression is a new CycL term -- a NAT -- that may then freely appear as a component in other CycL expressions. The NAT will itself denote the value (if any) of the function denoted by the former expression for the sequence of arguments denoted, respectively, by the latter expressions. For example, #$GovernmentFn is a unary denotational function, and so the CycL constant '#$GovernmentFn' requires one (syntactic) argument (such as the constant '#$France') to form a NAT (in this case, the expression '(#$GovernmentFn #$France)'). This NAT, which denotes the government of France, can in turn serve as a (syntactic) argument in any CycL expression in which (a term for) an instance of #$RegionalGovernment can occur. Alternatively, we could have created a specific new term `GovernmentOfFrance', asserted that its denotation is an instance of #$RegionalGovernment, and so on. But two related advantages to having NATs in CycL are that they (i) allow for a drastic reduction in the total number of constant terms needed in the CycL vocabulary and (ii) provide a convenient and systematic way to form appropriate new terms as needed out of existing vocabulary (which terms can then inherit from various existing rules and other assertions involving the terms' component expressions). Important subcollections of #$Function-Denotational include #$IndividualDenotingFunction (whose instances always return instances of #$Individual), #$CollectionDenotingFunction, #$SetDenotingFunction, and #$FunctionDenotingFunction (which is itself a subcollection of the first). NATs formed using terms that denote instances of #$FunctionDenotingFunction often denote instances of #$Function-Denotational themselves. Thus, like most other things, denotational functions can be denoted in CycL either by constants (e.g. '#$GovernmentFn') or -- although this is less common -- by NATs (e.g. '(#$FunctionToArg 2 #$biologicalMother)'). Note that the collection #$Function-Denotational does _not_ include all functions whatsoever. Functions that, given their natures and the nature of the CycL language, could not sensibly be denoted by any NAT-forming CycL expression are not denotational functions. Examples include certain provably-existing exotic mathematical functions, such as (probably) any one-to-one function from the positive integers to the rational numbers. (For a more general collection that does include such functions, and for a more general explication of the notion of function itself, see #$Function-MathematicalObject and its comment). Note also that #$Function-Denotational does not include any of the so-called #$TruthFunctions (q.v.): #$Predicates, #$Quantifiers, or #$LogicalConnectives. For these relations (as construed in CycL) are not really functions at all, even though it can be heuristically useful to think of them as if they were functions from sequences of arguments to truth values.") (#$disjointWith #$Function-Denotational #$TruthFunction) (#$disjointWith #$Function-Denotational #$TruthFunction) (#$genls #$Function-Denotational #$FunctionalRelation) (#$genls #$Function-Denotational #$Relation) (#$genls #$Function-Denotational #$Relation) (#$genls #$Function-Denotational #$Relation) (#$genls #$Function-Denotational #$StrictlyFunctionalRelation) (#$isa #$Function-Denotational #$AtemporalNecessarilyEssentialCollectionType) (#$isa #$Function-Denotational #$Collection) (#$isa #$Function-Denotational #$FunctionCategory) (#$isa #$Function-Denotational #$LogicalTruthConstant) (#$partitionedInto #$Function-Denotational (#$ThePartition #$CollectionDenotingFunction #$SetDenotingFunction #$IndividualDenotingFunction)) (#$partitionedInto #$Function-Denotational (#$ThePartition #$FixedArityFunction #$VariableArityFunction)) (#$partitionedInto #$Function-Denotational (#$ThePartition #$PartialDenotationalFunction #$TotalDenotationalFunction)) (#$partitionedInto #$Function-Denotational (#$ThePartition #$ReifiableFunction #$UnreifiableFunction)) (#$requiredArg1Pred #$Function-Denotational #$resultIsa) (#$comment #$FunctionDenotingFunction "The collection of all denotational functions that always return instances of either #$Function-Denotational or #$Function-MathematicalObject. Examples include #$FunctionToArg, #$Compose, and #$FunctionCompositionFn. For instance, (#$FunctionCompositionFn #$SuccessorFn #$SquaredFn) denotes the function that takes any integer and returns the square of its successor.") (#$disjointWith #$FunctionDenotingFunction #$PredicateDenotingFunction) (#$genls #$FunctionDenotingFunction #$IndividualDenotingFunction) (#$isa #$FunctionDenotingFunction #$FunctionCategory) (#$comment #$FunctionFromQuantitiesToQuantities "A specialization of #$EvaluatableFunction. Each instance of #$FunctionFromQuantitiesToQuantities is an evaluatable function that takes one or more instances of #$ScalarInterval (q.v.) as its argument(s), and returns an instance of #$ScalarInterval as its value. Notable instances of #$FunctionFromQuantitiesToQuantities include #$PlusFn, #$TimesFn, and #$LogFn.") (#$disjointWith #$FunctionFromQuantitiesToQuantities #$DateDenotingFunction) (#$disjointWith #$FunctionFromQuantitiesToQuantities #$FunctionDenotingFunction) (#$genls #$FunctionFromQuantitiesToQuantities #$EvaluatableFunction) (#$genls #$FunctionFromQuantitiesToQuantities #$IndividualDenotingFunction) (#$isa #$FunctionFromQuantitiesToQuantities #$FunctionCategory) (#$comment #$Function-MathematicalObject "The collection of functions and a specialization of #$Relation-MathematicalObject. Each instance of #$Function-MathematicalObject is a many-one relation that represents a mapping from one set of things (the function's #$relationDomain) to another set of things (its #$relationRange). As a many-one relation, a function maps each thing in its domain to exactly one thing in its range. A function is either unary, binary, ternary, or whatever (see #$functionalArity; but cf. #$relationalArity), depending on the nature of the members of its domain. In general, the domain of an N-ary function is a set of ordered N-tuples (construed in CycL as #$Lists of length N). The function is said to take the items from any of these N-tuples as its N _arguments_ and to return a member of its range as its corresponding _value_. A key specialization of #$Function-MathematicalObject is #$FixedArityFunction (which is also a specialization of #$Function-Denotational). Instances include the elements of #$Distribution and the (non-denumerably many) one-to-one correspondences that exist between the positive integers and the rational numbers. See also #$valueOfFunctionForArgs, #$DomainOfFunctionFn, and #$RangeOfFunctionFn.") (#$genls #$Function-MathematicalObject #$Individual) (#$genls #$Function-MathematicalObject #$Relation-MathematicalObject) (#$isa #$Function-MathematicalObject #$AtemporalNecessarilyEssentialCollectionType) (#$isa #$Function-MathematicalObject #$Collection) (#$isa #$Function-MathematicalObject #$CoreConstant) (#$isa #$Function-MathematicalObject #$ObjectType) (#$arg1Isa #$FunctionToArg #$PositiveInteger) (#$arg2Isa #$FunctionToArg #$FunctionalPredicate) (#$argIsa #$FunctionToArg 2 #$FunctionalPredicate) (#$argIsa #$FunctionToArg 2 #$FunctionalPredicate) (#$argIsa #$FunctionToArg 1 #$PositiveInteger) (#$argIsa #$FunctionToArg 1 #$PositiveInteger) (#$arity #$FunctionToArg 2) (#$comment #$FunctionToArg "#$FunctionToArg and #$Kappa are special functions that generate relationships - #$FunctionToArg generates a function from a predicate. (#$FunctionToArg N PRED) denotes the function generated from the #$FunctionalPredicate PRED, where the N-th argument is taken as the result. Therefore the arity of (#$FunctionToArg N PRED) is one less than the arity of PRED. For example, the term (#$FunctionToArg 2 #$age) denotes the function that returns the age of a person; in other words, because (#$age PERSON AGE) the term ((#$FunctionToArg 2 #$age) PERSON) denotes AGE. To work properly the predicate PRED must be functional in the N-th argument. In some cases, however, determining whether (#$functionalInArgs PRED N) may be very difficult - in particular for uses of #$Kappa. For this reason this functionality constraint is not fully supported by code. ") (#$interArg2ResultIsa #$FunctionToArg #$BinaryPredicate #$UnaryFunction) (#$interArgResultIsa #$FunctionToArg 2 #$BinaryPredicate #$UnaryFunction) (#$isa #$FunctionToArg #$BinaryRelation) (#$isa #$FunctionToArg #$CoreConstant) (#$isa #$FunctionToArg #$FunctionDenotingFunction) (#$isa #$FunctionToArg #$IndividualDenotingFunction) (#$resultIsa #$FunctionToArg #$EvaluatableFunction) (#$resultIsa #$FunctionToArg #$EvaluatableFunction) (#$comment #$FundamentalNumericScalarIntervalType "A collection of collections. Each instance of #$FundamentalNumericScalarIntervalType is a collection of measurable #$ScalarIntervals that are `fundamental' when contrasted with other types of #$ScalarIntervals which are derived from them. Instances of #$FundamentalNumericScalarIntervalType include #$Mass, #$Distance, #$Temperature, and #$ElectricalCharge. Cf. #$DerivedNumericScalarIntervalType.") (#$genls #$FundamentalNumericScalarIntervalType #$MeasurableScalarIntervalType) (#$genls #$FundamentalNumericScalarIntervalType #$PrimitiveScalarIntervalType) (#$isa #$FundamentalNumericScalarIntervalType #$CollectionType) (#$isa #$FundamentalNumericScalarIntervalType #$CollectionType) (#$isa #$FundamentalNumericScalarIntervalType #$SecondOrderCollection) (#$isa #$FundamentalNumericScalarIntervalType #$SiblingDisjointCollectionType) (#$comment #$FundamentalUnitType "These are all the fundamental types of units. They are fundamental because they cannot be expanded any more (unlike #$UnitOfSpeed, for example). ") (#$genls #$FundamentalUnitType #$InterconvertibleUnitType) (#$isa #$FundamentalUnitType #$CollectionType) (#$isa #$FundamentalUnitType #$CollectionType) (#$isa #$FundamentalUnitType #$SecondOrderCollection) (#$comment #$FungalInfection "An instance of #$InfectionTypeByPathogenType, and a specialization of #$Infection. Each instance of #$FungalInfection is an infection caused by fungi (see the constant #$Fungus). Specializations of #$FungalInfection include #$Histoplasmosis and #$AthletesFoot.") (#$genls #$FungalInfection #$Individual) (#$genls #$FungalInfection #$Infection) (#$isa #$FungalInfection #$InfectionTypeByPathogenType) (#$isa #$FungalInfection #$PhysiologicalConditionType) (#$comment #$Fungus "A specialization of both #$EukaryoticOrganism and #$Heterotroph, and an instance of #$BiologicalKingdom. Instances of #$Fungus are eukaryotic, heterotrophic organisms that are typically not capable of movement. The cell walls of instances of #$Fungus are structurally similar to the cell walls of #$Plants, but the former are composed mostly of chitin, while the latter are composed mostly of cellulose (see the collections #$Chitin and #$Cellulose). Instances of #$Fungus reproduce by means of spores, which are usually disseminated by the wind. Some types of #$Fungus are parasites (see the collection #$ParasiticOrganism), some are saprophytic (see the collection #$Saprophyte), and some have symbiotic relationships with other organisms. Notable specializations of #$Fungus include #$Mushroom, #$Yeast, and #$RingwormFungus.") (#$genls #$Fungus #$EukaryoticOrganism) (#$genls #$Fungus #$Heterotroph) (#$genls #$Fungus #$Individual) (#$isa #$Fungus #$BiologicalKingdom) (#$isa #$Fungus #$ExistingObjectType) (#$comment #$FurniturePiece "A specialization of #$DurableGoods, #$HumanOccupationConstructObject, and #$SolidTangibleProduct. Each instance of #$FurniturePiece is a durable artifact of a type that is typically used in human dwellings (see #$HumanShelterConstruction) to make them more comfortable. Many useful specializations of this collection can be classified according to the main function their instances serve. Such functions include: (i) providing support for people's bodies while they are seated or reclining (e.g. #$Bed-PieceOfFurniture and #$FootStool), (ii) providing work or activity surfaces (e.g. #$Desk-PieceOfFurniture and #$DiningRoomTable), (iii) providing organized or protective storage for one's belongings (e.g. #$Dresser-PieceOfFurniture and #$Bookcase-PieceOfFurniture), and (iv) providing illumination (e.g. #$ElectricLamp). Most pieces of furniture are #$NonPoweredDevices (q.v.) in that they don't need any energy input in order to serve their function; but of course there are plenty of exceptions to this, such as electric lamps, console TVs, and hospital beds. Note that #$FurniturePiece only includes _whole_ pieces of furniture; e.g. a sofa is an instance, but an arm of a sofa is not.") (#$disjointWith #$FurniturePiece #$ConsumableProduct) (#$disjointWith #$FurniturePiece #$ControlDevice) (#$disjointWith #$FurniturePiece #$CordlikeObject) (#$disjointWith #$FurniturePiece #$DrugSubstance) (#$disjointWith #$FurniturePiece #$FluidReservoir) (#$disjointWith #$FurniturePiece #$MeasuringDevice) (#$disjointWith #$FurniturePiece #$NaturalTangibleStuff) (#$disjointWith #$FurniturePiece #$SomethingToWear) (#$genls #$FurniturePiece #$DurableGood) (#$genls #$FurniturePiece #$HumanOccupationConstructObject) (#$genls #$FurniturePiece #$Individual) (#$genls #$FurniturePiece #$PartiallyTangible) (#$genls #$FurniturePiece #$PartiallyTangibleProduct) (#$genls #$FurniturePiece #$SolidTangibleProduct) (#$genls #$FurniturePiece #$TopAndBottomSidedObject) (#$isa #$FurniturePiece #$ExistingObjectType) (#$isa #$FurniturePiece #$ProductByGenericType) (#$comment #$FusionEvent "A collection of events. In each #$FusionEvent, two or more objects fuse together, yielding a product.") (#$genls #$FusionEvent #$Individual) (#$genls #$FusionEvent #$PhysicalCreationEvent) (#$genls #$FusionEvent #$PhysicalSynthesis) (#$isa #$FusionEvent #$DefaultDisjointScriptType) (#$isa #$FusionEvent #$FirstOrderCollection) (#$isa #$FusionEvent #$TemporalObjectType) (#$comment #$GainingUserRights "A specialization of #$ChangeInUserRights. In each instance of #$GainingUserRights, some #$Agent acquires a right to use an item. The item in question is identified as the #$objectOfPossessionTransfer, and the agent is the #$toPossessor (that is, the one to whom the possession comes). The #$Agent may or may not be a #$deliberateActors in the event; for example, buying a car is done on purpose, but receiving a car as a gift isn't. Either of these events, however, would be an instance of the collection #$GainingUserRights.") (#$disjointWith #$GainingUserRights #$AbandoningSomething) (#$genls #$GainingUserRights #$ChangeInUserRights) (#$genls #$GainingUserRights #$Individual) (#$genls #$GainingUserRights #$TransferIn) (#$isa #$GainingUserRights #$TemporalObjectType) (#$comment #$Game "A specialization of #$DevisedStructuredActivity. Each instance of #$Game is an abstraction of a game that is played according to a semi-rigid set of rules. Each instance includes both the rules (see #$GameRulesFn) and a specification of any physical components required for play (instances of #$GameBoard, #$Ball, etc.). Neither #$Events of playing games (instances of #$PlayingAGame) nor any physical components required for play (e.g. #$GameBoards) are instances of #$Game.") (#$genls #$Game #$DevisedStructuredActivity) (#$genls #$Game #$Individual) (#$isa #$Game #$ObjectType) (#$isa #$Game #$TemporalStuffType) (#$comment #$GameEvent "A collection of individual Events. Each instance of #$GameEvent includes the entirety of some game, from the beginning to the point where a conclusion is reached (there is a winner, there is a draw, or the game is abandoned). Each #$GameEvent has as #$subEvents one or more instances of #$PlayingAGame, but may have other sorts of significant #$subEvents as well. For example, a particular #$FootballGame-American, in its entirety, would be an instance of #$GameEvent. That game's subEvents would include, among other things, instances of (#$PlayingFn #$FootballGame-American) performed by some #$FootballPlayer-American, instances of #$EvaluatingAnAction performed by some #$Referee, and instances of #$MeasuringSomething performed by some #$SportsOfficial. A game of Monopoly, from beginning to end, would be an instance of #$GameEvent, with subEvents possibly including instances of #$PlayingABoardGame, #$DisputeEvent, #$DistributionEvent, and (#$CleaningFn #$Table-PieceOfFurniture).") (#$genls #$GameEvent #$HumanActivity) (#$genls #$GameEvent #$Individual) (#$genls #$GameEvent #$PurposefulPhysicalAction) (#$isa #$GameEvent #$TemporalObjectType) (#$comment #$Gamete "#$Gamete is a specialization of #$HaploidCell (q.v.). Each instance of #$Gamete is a special cell that is produced in preparation for sexual reproduction in the reproductive tissues of organisms that reproduce sexually. All gametes are haploid, and are produced by a special type of cell division called #$Meiosis. In animals, gametes are the direct results of meiosis; in plants, meiosis produces spores (see #$Spore-PlantLifeStage), which develop into #$Gametophytes, which then produce gametes by mitosis (see #$MitoticCellDivision).") (#$genls #$Gamete #$HaploidCell) (#$genls #$Gamete #$Individual) (#$isa #$Gamete #$ExistingObjectType) (#$comment #$GammaRay "A specialization of #$ElectromagneticRadiation. Each instance of #$GammaRay is an instance of electromagnetic radiation that has a wavelength (see the predicate #$wavelength) of less than 1x10^-2 angstroms (see the constant #$Angstrom). Low power instances of #$GammaRay overlap with high power instances of #$XRay (q.v.).") (#$genls #$GammaRay #$ElectromagneticRadiation) (#$genls #$GammaRay #$Individual) (#$isa #$GammaRay #$ElectromagneticRadiationType) (#$isa #$GammaRay #$TemporalStuffType) (#$comment #$GappedNPTemplateParsingMt "This Mt holds templates for parsing sentences which contain NP gaps. In particular, these templates are designed to cover gaps which arise in wh-questions like: \"Who does Bob like __?\"; and \"Which box did Mary put the books in __?\".") (#$genlMt #$GappedNPTemplateParsingMt #$BaseKB) (#$genlMt #$GappedNPTemplateParsingMt #$EnglishGrammarTemplateMt) (#$isa #$GappedNPTemplateParsingMt #$Microtheory) (#$isa #$GappedNPTemplateParsingMt #$TemplateParsingMicrotheory) (#$comment #$Garment "#$Garment is a specialization of #$ClothingItem. Each instance of #$Garment is an item of clothing that is _not_ an accessory (see the collection #$ClothingAccessory). Notable specializations of #$Garment include #$Clothing-Top and #$Clothing-Bottom.") (#$genls #$Garment #$ClothingItem) (#$genls #$Garment #$Individual) (#$isa #$Garment #$ExistingObjectType) (#$isa #$Garment #$ProductType) (#$comment #$GarmentTypeByRegionOfBodyCovered "A specialization of #$ExistingObjectType. Each instance of this collection is a strict facet of #$Garment (see #$facets-Strict). That is, the instances of this collection are mutually exclusive specializations of #$Garment -- each instance is a specialization of garment whose instances, when worn, cover a certain region of the body. The primary instances are #$Clothing-WholeBody, #$Clothing-Bottom, and #$Clothing-Top.") (#$genls #$GarmentTypeByRegionOfBodyCovered #$ConventionalClassificationType) (#$genls #$GarmentTypeByRegionOfBodyCovered #$ExistingObjectType) (#$isa #$GarmentTypeByRegionOfBodyCovered #$CollectionType) (#$isa #$GarmentTypeByRegionOfBodyCovered #$CollectionType) (#$isa #$GarmentTypeByRegionOfBodyCovered #$DisjointCollectionType) (#$isa #$GarmentTypeByRegionOfBodyCovered #$SecondOrderCollection) (#$genls (#$GaseousFn #$Water) #$ConsumableProduct) (#$genls (#$GaseousFn #$Water) #$Individual) (#$genls (#$GaseousFn #$Water) #$PartiallyTangible) (#$genls (#$GaseousFn #$Water) #$Water) (#$isa (#$GaseousFn #$Water) #$Collection) (#$isa (#$GaseousFn #$Water) #$TangibleStuffStateType) (#$arg1Genl #$GaseousFn #$PartiallyTangible) (#$arg1Genl #$GaseousFn #$PartiallyTangible) (#$arg1Isa #$GaseousFn #$TangibleStuffCompositionType) (#$arg1Isa #$GaseousFn #$TangibleStuffCompositionType) (#$argGenl #$GaseousFn 1 #$PartiallyTangible) (#$argGenl #$GaseousFn 1 #$PartiallyTangible) (#$argGenl #$GaseousFn 1 #$PartiallyTangible) (#$argIsa #$GaseousFn 1 #$TangibleStuffCompositionType) (#$argIsa #$GaseousFn 1 #$TangibleStuffCompositionType) (#$argIsa #$GaseousFn 1 #$TangibleStuffCompositionType) (#$arity #$GaseousFn 1) (#$comment #$GaseousFn "A #$CollectionDenotingFunction. #$GaseousFn takes as an argument a collection COL, membership in which is based only on physical and/or chemical composition and not on any other property (see #$TangibleStuffCompositionType). (#$GaseousFn COL) is the collection of elements of COL that are in gaseous form (i.e., are instances of #$GaseousTangibleThing) inluding objects having #$Gaseous-StateOfMatter as well as mixtures that behave like gasses. For example, all the water vapor in the atmosphere is an instance of (#$GaseousFn #$Water).") (#$isa #$GaseousFn #$CollectionDenotingFunction) (#$isa #$GaseousFn #$CollectionDenotingFunction) (#$isa #$GaseousFn #$UnaryIntersectionFunction) (#$resultGenlArg #$GaseousFn 1) (#$resultGenlArg #$GaseousFn 1) (#$resultGenl #$GaseousFn #$Individual) (#$resultGenl #$GaseousFn #$PartiallyTangible) (#$resultGenl #$GaseousFn #$PartiallyTangible) (#$resultIsa #$GaseousFn #$TangibleStuffStateType) (#$resultIsa #$GaseousFn #$TangibleStuffStateType) (#$comment #$Gaseous-StateOfMatter "A specialization of #$PartiallyTangible and an instance of #$MatterTypeByPhysicalState. Each instance of #$Gaseous-StateOfMatter is an object of a single chemical species in the gaseous state of matter. Objects in the gaseous state of matter are at a high enough temperature or low enough pressure for the type of matter involved that the molecules are not bonded even weakly to their neighbors, and readily break free. Gaseous objects are characterized at the macroscopic level by having diffuse boundaries (when outside of containers), no shape independent of a container, and by great expandability and compressibility. Examples of things that typically have this attribute are: the helium in a child's balloon; the oxygen in Earth's atmosphere; the water vapor in Earth's atmosphere.") (#$disjointWith #$Gaseous-StateOfMatter #$Liquid-StateOfMatter) (#$disjointWith #$Gaseous-StateOfMatter #$Mixture) (#$disjointWith #$Gaseous-StateOfMatter #$Particle) (#$disjointWith #$Gaseous-StateOfMatter #$Plasma-StateOfMatter) (#$disjointWith #$Gaseous-StateOfMatter #$Solid-StateOfMatter) (#$genls #$Gaseous-StateOfMatter #$GaseousTangibleThing) (#$genls #$Gaseous-StateOfMatter #$Individual) (#$isa #$Gaseous-StateOfMatter #$FirstOrderCollection) (#$isa #$Gaseous-StateOfMatter #$MatterTypeByPhysicalState) (#$comment #$GaseousTangibleThing "A specialization of #$FluidTangibleThing. Each instance of #$GaseousTangibleThing is a partially tangible thing which possesses a number of the salient properties exhibited by substances in a gaseous state (see the constant #$Gaseous-StateOfMatter). To be more specific, each instance of #$GaseousTangibleThing is compressible, and the shape of each instance would completely conform to the boundaries of a vessel containing it. Examples of #$GaseousTangibleThing include pieces of matter in a gaseous state (such as the helium in a child's balloon), mixtures of gases such as #$TheAtmosphereQuaSinglePieceOfStuff, and suspensions of liquids and solids in gas, such as instances of #$Fog or #$Smoke.") (#$disjointWith #$GaseousTangibleThing #$BuildingMaterial) (#$disjointWith #$GaseousTangibleThing #$GranularFluid) (#$disjointWith #$GaseousTangibleThing #$LiquidTangibleThing) (#$disjointWith #$GaseousTangibleThing #$Particle) (#$disjointWith #$GaseousTangibleThing #$PrecipitationParticle) (#$disjointWith #$GaseousTangibleThing #$Water-Saline) (#$genls #$GaseousTangibleThing #$FluidTangibleThing) (#$genls #$GaseousTangibleThing #$FluidTangibleThing) (#$genls #$GaseousTangibleThing #$Individual) (#$isa #$GaseousTangibleThing #$TangibleStuffStateType) (#$comment #$GeneralEnglishMt "The mt for semantic mappings between Cyc terms and words or phrases in english which are \"general\". For phrases and words which are not general, make the assertion in the #$EnglishMt (a specMt of this one). See the #$NoteOnCriteriaForGeneralEnglishMt for more on what constitues a general english lexical assertion.") (#$genlMt #$GeneralEnglishMt #$BaseKB) (#$genlMt #$GeneralEnglishMt #$EnglishLexiconMt) (#$genlMt #$GeneralEnglishMt #$GeneralLexiconMt) (#$isa #$GeneralEnglishMt #$BroadMicrotheory) (#$isa #$GeneralEnglishMt #$EnglishLexicalMicrotheory) (#$isa #$GeneralEnglishMt #$Microtheory) (#$comment #$GeneralEntryFormatPredicate "A specialization of #$ArgFormatPredicate (q.v.) whose instances are used to relate predicates to the specific entry-formats (see #$SpecificEntryFormatPredicate) that apply to their various argument-places. For example, #$arg1Format relates a predicate PRED to the #$SpecificEntryFormatPredicate that holds between PRED and its first (or \"arg1\") argument-place. #$argFormat is similar, but has an additional argument-place for specifying the relevant argument-place of PRED. The primary utility of the above sorts of #$GeneralEntryFormatPredicates is to provide standard forms for assigning _any_ specific entry-format to a predicate with respect to a given argument-place. There are also the #$InterArgFormatPredicates (q.v.), which specify particular entry-formats that are to apply to a given argument-place _conditionally_ (i.e. when a certain specified condition obtains).") (#$genls #$GeneralEntryFormatPredicate #$ArgConstraintPredicate) (#$genls #$GeneralEntryFormatPredicate #$ArgFormatPredicate) (#$genls #$GeneralEntryFormatPredicate #$MetaPredicate) (#$isa #$GeneralEntryFormatPredicate #$PredicateCategory) (#$arg1Format #$generalizations #$SetTheFormat) (#$arg1Isa #$generalizations #$Thing) (#$arg2Format #$generalizations #$SetTheFormat) (#$arg2Isa #$generalizations #$Thing) (#$argFormat #$generalizations 1 #$SetTheFormat) (#$argFormat #$generalizations 2 #$SetTheFormat) (#$argIsa #$generalizations 1 #$Thing) (#$argIsa #$generalizations 1 #$Thing) (#$argIsa #$generalizations 2 #$Thing) (#$argIsa #$generalizations 2 #$Thing) (#$arity #$generalizations 2) (#$comment #$generalizations "The most general reified instance of #$TaxonomicSlotForAnyThing (q.v.). #$generalizations relates things of various kinds to things of the same kind that are correlatively more general or inclusive than them. Thus it relates a set (see #$Set-Mathematical) to its supersets, a collection (see #$Collection) to the collections that subsume it, a more-specific predicate (see #$Predicates) to those predicates that are correspondingly less-specific than it, etc. #$generalizations is itself the common generalization of a number of more type-specific generalization predicates, such as #$subsetOf, #$genls, and #$genlPreds (qq.v.). When making assertions to the Cyc Knowledge Base, it is better to use one of these more specific predicates instead of #$generalizations whenever possible.") (#$isa #$generalizations #$IntangibleObjectPredicate) (#$isa #$generalizations #$ReflexiveBinaryPredicate) (#$isa #$generalizations #$TaxonomicSlotForAnyThing) (#$isa #$generalizations #$TransitiveBinaryPredicate) (#$comment #$GeneralizedQuantifierRelation "Each instance of this collection is a `relational' version of a #$GeneralizedQuantifier. These relational variants have been introduced mostly to simplify rapid OE creation and NL parsing.") (#$genls #$GeneralizedQuantifierRelation #$RuleMacroPredicate) (#$isa #$GeneralizedQuantifierRelation #$PredicateCategory) (#$isa #$GeneralizedQuantifierRelation #$RelationshipType) (#$comment #$GeneralizedTransfer "A specialization of #$Event. Each instance of #$GeneralizedTransfer is an event in which something (tangible or intangible) is transferred from one `place' to another. #$GeneralizedTransfer includes changes in physical location, in ownership or possession, transfer of information, and propagation of wave phenomena through space. See also the related predicate #$transferredThing, and the specializations of this collection.") (#$covering #$GeneralizedTransfer (#$TheCovering #$TransferIn #$TransferOut)) (#$genls #$GeneralizedTransfer #$Event) (#$genls #$GeneralizedTransfer #$Individual) (#$isa #$GeneralizedTransfer #$TemporalObjectType) (#$keStrongSuggestionPreds #$GeneralizedTransfer #$transferredThing) (#$comment #$GeneralLexiconMt "The microtheory in which the most general lexical facts are stated and in which general lexicon predicates are defined. Rules in this microtheory may apply to words in any of the language-specific microtheories.") (#$genlMt #$GeneralLexiconMt #$BaseKB) (#$genlMt #$GeneralLexiconMt #$DataForNLMt) (#$isa #$GeneralLexiconMt #$BroadMicrotheory) (#$isa #$GeneralLexiconMt #$Microtheory) (#$comment #$GeneralMicrotheory "A specialization of #$DeclarativeContext. Instances of #$GeneralMicrotheory contain general axioms useful for multiple purposes. This excludes microtheories that deal with specific situations, such as instances of #$ProblemSolvingCntxt, microtheories that represent the information content of one specific #$InformationBearingObject such as the US Declaration of Independence, and those that are purely lexical microtheories. Instances of this collection include #$HumanSocialLifeMt, #$BuyingMt, and #$NaiveAnimalsMt. Non-instances include #$GeneralLexiconMt (purely lexical) and #$PeopleDataMt (no general axioms).") (#$disjointWith #$GeneralMicrotheory #$SomethingExisting) (#$genls #$GeneralMicrotheory #$DeclarativeContext) (#$genls #$GeneralMicrotheory #$Microtheory) (#$isa #$GeneralMicrotheory #$AtemporalNecessarilyEssentialCollectionType) (#$isa #$GeneralMicrotheory #$MicrotheoryType) (#$isa #$GeneralMicrotheory #$ObjectType) (#$comment #$GeneralMilitaryLexicalMt "For lexical assertions that hold in a general military context.") (#$genlMt #$GeneralMilitaryLexicalMt #$BaseKB) (#$genlMt #$GeneralMilitaryLexicalMt #$EnglishMt) (#$genlMt #$GeneralMilitaryLexicalMt #$GeneralLexiconMt) (#$genlMt #$GeneralMilitaryLexicalMt #$GeneralLexiconMt) (#$isa #$GeneralMilitaryLexicalMt #$EnglishLexicalMicrotheory) (#$isa #$GeneralMilitaryLexicalMt #$Microtheory) (#$comment #$GeneralScientificLexicalMt "For lexical assertions that hold in the general scientific context.") (#$genlMt #$GeneralScientificLexicalMt #$BaseKB) (#$genlMt #$GeneralScientificLexicalMt #$EnglishMt) (#$genlMt #$GeneralScientificLexicalMt #$GeneralLexiconMt) (#$genlMt #$GeneralScientificLexicalMt #$GeneralLexiconMt) (#$isa #$GeneralScientificLexicalMt #$EnglishLexicalMicrotheory) (#$isa #$GeneralScientificLexicalMt #$Microtheory) (#$comment #$GenerationOrConversionEvent "A collection of events involving the generation or conversion of force, energy, or motion.") (#$genls #$GenerationOrConversionEvent #$Individual) (#$genls #$GenerationOrConversionEvent #$PhysicalEvent) (#$isa #$GenerationOrConversionEvent #$DefaultDisjointScriptType) (#$siblingDisjointExceptions #$GenerationOrConversionEvent #$Talking) (#$comment #$GenericArgTemplate "The collection of CycL expressions in which generic argument keywords are allowed and treated as variables. Generic argument keywords are of the form :ARG1, :ARG2, etc.") (#$genls #$GenericArgTemplate #$CycLExpression) (#$isa #$GenericArgTemplate #$Collection) (#$isa #$GenericArgTemplate #$LinguisticObjectType) (#$quotedCollection #$GenericArgTemplate) (#$genls #$GenericAttribute #$AttributeValue) (#$isa #$GenericAttribute #$AtemporalNecessarilyEssentialCollectionType) (#$isa #$GenericAttribute #$ObjectType) (#$isa (#$GenericInstanceFn #$Dog) #$Dog) (#$isa (#$GenericInstanceFn #$Dog) #$Dog) (#$isa (#$GenericInstanceFn #$Dog) #$Thing) (#$arg1Genl #$GenericInstanceFn #$Thing) (#$arg1Isa #$GenericInstanceFn #$Collection) (#$argGenl #$GenericInstanceFn 1 #$Thing) (#$argGenl #$GenericInstanceFn 1 #$Thing) (#$argIsa #$GenericInstanceFn 1 #$Collection) (#$argIsa #$GenericInstanceFn 1 #$Collection) (#$arity #$GenericInstanceFn 1) (#$comment #$GenericInstanceFn "(#$GenericInstanceFn COLLECTION) denotes the unique instance of COLLECTION which is meant to represent a generic instance of that collection. For example, (#$GenericInstanceFn #$Dog) denotes a generic dog.") (#$isa #$GenericInstanceFn #$ReifiableFunction) (#$isa #$GenericInstanceFn #$UnaryFunction) (#$resultIsaArg #$GenericInstanceFn 1) (#$resultIsaArg #$GenericInstanceFn 1) (#$resultIsa #$GenericInstanceFn #$Thing) (#$resultIsa #$GenericInstanceFn #$Thing) (#$arg1Isa #$genericPathway-Complete #$GeneralizedTransfer) (#$arg1Isa #$genericPathway-Complete #$GeneralizedTransfer) (#$arg2Isa #$genericPathway-Complete #$Path-Spatial) (#$arg2Isa #$genericPathway-Complete #$Path-Spatial) (#$argIsa #$genericPathway-Complete 1 #$GeneralizedTransfer) (#$argIsa #$genericPathway-Complete 1 #$GeneralizedTransfer) (#$argIsa #$genericPathway-Complete 1 #$GeneralizedTransfer) (#$argIsa #$genericPathway-Complete 2 #$Path-Spatial) (#$argIsa #$genericPathway-Complete 2 #$Path-Spatial) (#$argIsa #$genericPathway-Complete 2 #$Path-Spatial) (#$arity #$genericPathway-Complete 2) (#$comment #$genericPathway-Complete "For those transfers in which the item transferred follows some spatial path, this predicate allows representation of the relation between the transfer and the single path followed by the item in that transfer. More formally, (#$genericPathway-Complete TRANS PATH) means that the route of the instance TRANS of #$GeneralizedTransfer is spatial and the #$transferredThing follows some (perhaps improper) part of the instance PATH of #$Path-Spatial throughout all of TRANS. Thus, any #$genericPathway-Complete of an instance TRANS of #$GeneralizedTransfer connects the \"starting\" and \"stopping\" points, the #$from-Generic and the #$to-Generic, of TRANS; if this is the complete extent of the path, use the more specific #$genericPathway-Exact. Note that the instance PATH of #$Path-Spatial may, and often will, extend beyond these \"starting\" and \"stopping\" points. See also #$infoPathway-Complete and #$motionPathway-Complete; it is usually better to use one of these more specific predicates. Another related predicate is #$genericPathway-Partial.") (#$genlPreds #$genericPathway-Complete #$eventOccursAt) (#$genlPreds #$genericPathway-Complete #$genericPathway-Partial) (#$interArgFormat1-2 #$genericPathway-Complete #$Translation-MultiTrajectory #$SetTheFormat) (#$interArgFormat1-2 #$genericPathway-Complete #$Translation-SingleTrajectory #$SingleEntry) (#$isa #$genericPathway-Complete #$ActorSlot) (#$isa #$genericPathway-Complete #$CustomaryPathCycLConstant) (#$arg1Isa #$genericPathway-Exact #$GeneralizedTransfer) (#$arg1Isa #$genericPathway-Exact #$GeneralizedTransfer) (#$arg2Isa #$genericPathway-Exact #$Path-Spatial) (#$arg2Isa #$genericPathway-Exact #$Path-Spatial) (#$argIsa #$genericPathway-Exact 1 #$GeneralizedTransfer) (#$argIsa #$genericPathway-Exact 1 #$GeneralizedTransfer) (#$argIsa #$genericPathway-Exact 1 #$GeneralizedTransfer) (#$argIsa #$genericPathway-Exact 2 #$Path-Spatial) (#$argIsa #$genericPathway-Exact 2 #$Path-Spatial) (#$argIsa #$genericPathway-Exact 2 #$Path-Spatial) (#$arity #$genericPathway-Exact 2) (#$comment #$genericPathway-Exact "For those transfers in which the item transferred follows some spatial path, this predicate allows representation of the relation between the transfer and the single path followed by the item in that transfer. More formally, (#$genericPathway-Exact TRANS PATH) means that the route of the instance TRANS of #$GeneralizedTransfer is spatial and the #$transferredThing follows the complete instance PATH of #$Path-Spatial throughout all of TRANS. Thus, any #$genericPathway-Exact of an instance TRANS of #$GeneralizedTransfer has the \"starting\" and \"stopping\" points, the #$from-Generic and the #$to-Generic, of TRANS as its endpoints. The instance PATH of #$Path-Spatial may not extend beyond these \"starting\" and \"stopping\" points (use #$genericPathway-Complete for that meaning). See also #$infoPathway-Exact and #$motionPathway-Exact; it is usually better to use one of these more specific predicates. Another related predicate is #$genericPathway-Partial.") (#$genlPreds #$genericPathway-Exact #$genericPathway-Complete) (#$interArgFormat1-2 #$genericPathway-Exact #$Translation-MultiTrajectory #$SetTheFormat) (#$interArgFormat1-2 #$genericPathway-Exact #$Translation-SingleTrajectory #$SingleEntry) (#$isa #$genericPathway-Exact #$ActorSlot) (#$isa #$genericPathway-Exact #$CustomaryPathCycLConstant) (#$arg1Isa #$genericPathway-Partial #$GeneralizedTransfer) (#$arg1Isa #$genericPathway-Partial #$GeneralizedTransfer) (#$arg2Isa #$genericPathway-Partial #$Path-Spatial) (#$arg2Isa #$genericPathway-Partial #$Path-Spatial) (#$argIsa #$genericPathway-Partial 1 #$GeneralizedTransfer) (#$argIsa #$genericPathway-Partial 1 #$GeneralizedTransfer) (#$argIsa #$genericPathway-Partial 1 #$GeneralizedTransfer) (#$argIsa #$genericPathway-Partial 2 #$Path-Spatial) (#$argIsa #$genericPathway-Partial 2 #$Path-Spatial) (#$argIsa #$genericPathway-Partial 2 #$Path-Spatial) (#$arity #$genericPathway-Partial 2) (#$comment #$genericPathway-Partial "For those transfers in which the item transferred follows (at least in part) some spatial route, this predicate allows representation of the relation between the transfer and one of the spatial paths followed by the item in that transfer. More formally, (#$genericPathway-Partial TRANS PATH) means that at least part of the route of TRANS is spatial and and at least part of this part follows the instance PATH of #$Path-Spatial. For example, if a certain trip TRANS takes a person from a home in Austin to one in Dallas via (mostly) I-35, part of the trip may occur along highways other than I-35 and part of it will occur along ordinary streets in Austin and Dallas. Thus only part of TRANS occurs along I-35. We may represent this in CycL by stating (#$genericPathway-Partial TRANS Interstate35). As another example, consider an e-mail sent from one PC to another. Suppose this transfer of information INFOTRANS occurs along several distinct cables. If one of these cables is CABLE001, then we may correctly assert (#$genericPathway-Partial INFOTRANS CABLE001). See also #$genericPathway-Complete and especially its #$cyclistNotes for a comparison with this predicate. Note, along these lines, that in both examples above, it would be incorrect to replace #$genericPathway-Partial with #$genericPathway-Complete, since the entire transfer did not occur along either I-35 or CABLE001, respectively. For more specific predicates see #$infoPathway-Partial and #$motionPathway-Partial. Note that it is usually better to use one of these more specific predicates.") (#$genlPreds #$genericPathway-Partial #$eventPartiallyOccursAt) (#$genlPreds #$genericPathway-Partial #$nonDeliberateActors) (#$isa #$genericPathway-Partial #$ActorSlot) (#$isa #$genericPathway-Partial #$CustomaryPathCycLConstant) (#$comment #$GenericShapeType "A collection of collections, and a specialization of #$ShapeType. Each instance of #$GenericShapeType is a type of shape (and thus a specialization of #$GeometricallyDescribableThing (q.v.)) whose instances include both purely abstract spatial things, as well as spatial things located in the physical world. #$GenericShapeType is distinguished from #$AbstractShapeType (q.v.); each instance of #$AbstractShapeType is a type of shape _all_ of whose instances are purely abstract spatial things.") (#$genls #$GenericShapeType #$ShapeType) (#$isa #$GenericShapeType #$AtemporalNecessarilyEssentialCollectionType) (#$isa #$GenericShapeType #$CollectionType) (#$isa #$GenericShapeType #$SecondOrderCollection) (#$typeGenls #$GenericShapeType #$GeometricallyDescribableThing) (#$comment #$GenericSpeechPartPredicate "A collection of #$SpeechPartPredicates. Each instance of #$GenericSpeechPartPredicate represents a syntactic generalization shared by a group of #$SpeechPartPredicates. For instance, #$singular-Generic abstracts over #$singular, #$pnSingular, and #$agentive-Sg. Note that instances of #$GenericSpeechPartPredicate are #$notAssertible, since they will always cash out as assertions on one of their spec-preds.") (#$isa #$GenericSpeechPartPredicate #$PredicateCategory) (#$comment #$GenericTemporalVocabularyMt "The #$VocabularyMicrotheory for #$GenericTemporalMt.") (#$genlMt #$GenericTemporalVocabularyMt #$BaseKB) (#$genlMt #$GenericTemporalVocabularyMt #$BaseKB) (#$isa #$GenericTemporalVocabularyMt #$VocabularyMicrotheory) (#$comment #$GeneticCondition "A specialization of #$PhysiologicalCondition. Each instance of #$GeneticCondition is an abnormal physiological condition which developed in a particular organism due to that organism's genetic configuration. Such conditions are not contagious as infections are, but they may be hereditary. Specializations of #$GeneticCondition include #$DownsSyndrome, #$Hemophilia, and #$SickleCellAnemia.") (#$disjointWith #$GeneticCondition #$Infection) (#$genls #$GeneticCondition #$ChronicCondition) (#$genls #$GeneticCondition #$CongenitalCondition) (#$genls #$GeneticCondition #$Individual) (#$isa #$GeneticCondition #$PhysiologicalConditionType) (#$comment #$GenFormatTemplateMt "This Mt is currently designated to hold templates that match #$genFormat and #$genFormat-Precise assertions.") (#$genlMt #$GenFormatTemplateMt #$BaseKB) (#$genlMt #$GenFormatTemplateMt #$GrammarInUseTemplateMt) (#$isa #$GenFormatTemplateMt #$Microtheory) (#$isa #$GenFormatTemplateMt #$TemplateParsingMicrotheory) (#$arg1Format #$genlAttributes #$SetTheFormat) (#$arg1Isa #$genlAttributes #$AttributeValue) (#$arg2Format #$genlAttributes #$SetTheFormat) (#$arg2Isa #$genlAttributes #$AttributeValue) (#$argFormat #$genlAttributes 1 #$SetTheFormat) (#$argFormat #$genlAttributes 2 #$SetTheFormat) (#$argIsa #$genlAttributes 1 #$AttributeValue) (#$argIsa #$genlAttributes 1 #$AttributeValue) (#$argIsa #$genlAttributes 2 #$AttributeValue) (#$argIsa #$genlAttributes 2 #$AttributeValue) (#$arity #$genlAttributes 2) (#$comment #$genlAttributes "An instance of #$TaxonomicSlot and a specialization of #$generalizations. #$genlAttributes can be used to relate a more-specific instance of #$AttributeValue to other instances that are correlatively more-general. (#$genlAttributes SPEC-ATT GENL-ATT) means that SPEC-ATT generalizes to GENL-ATT in the sense that anything that possesses the former attribute possesses the latter as well. That is, for any THING, (#$hasAttributes THING SPEC-ATT) implies (#$hasAttributes THING GENL-ATT). For example, (#$genlAttributes #$SilverColor #$Grayish) means that anything that is silver-colored is also grayish.") (#$genlPreds #$genlAttributes #$generalizations) (#$isa #$genlAttributes #$CoreConstant) (#$isa #$genlAttributes #$DefinitionalPredicate) (#$isa #$genlAttributes #$IntangibleObjectPredicate) (#$isa #$genlAttributes #$OpenCycDefinitionalPredicate) (#$isa #$genlAttributes #$ReflexiveBinaryPredicate) (#$isa #$genlAttributes #$RuleMacroPredicate) (#$isa #$genlAttributes #$TaxonomicSlot) (#$isa #$genlAttributes #$TransitiveBinaryPredicate) (#$typedGenlPreds #$genlAttributes #$generalizations) (#$minimizeExtent #$genlAttributes) (#$comment #$GenlAttributesFormat "If a predicate P has #$GenlAttributesFormat for argument position N, then given some particular list of terms that occupy the other argument positions of P, there may be multiple assertions with different terms in position N (keeping the other arguments fixed), but only so long as the terms in position N are all interrelated by the predicate #$genlAttributes. For example, the #$arg3Format of #$directionBetweenObjects is #$GenlAttributesFormat. This allows us to state both (#$directionBetweenObjects #$PotomacRiver #$HudsonBay #$North-Generally) and (#$directionBetweenObjects #$PotomacRiver #$HudsonBay #$North-Directly) in a #$Microtheory in which (#$genlAttributes #$North-Directly #$North-Generally).") (#$isa #$GenlAttributesFormat #$Format) (#$arg1Format #$genlFuncs #$SetTheFormat) (#$arg1Isa #$genlFuncs #$CollectionDenotingFunction) (#$arg2Format #$genlFuncs #$SetTheFormat) (#$arg2Isa #$genlFuncs #$CollectionDenotingFunction) (#$argFormat #$genlFuncs 1 #$SetTheFormat) (#$argFormat #$genlFuncs 2 #$SetTheFormat) (#$argIsa #$genlFuncs 1 #$CollectionDenotingFunction) (#$argIsa #$genlFuncs 1 #$CollectionDenotingFunction) (#$argIsa #$genlFuncs 2 #$CollectionDenotingFunction) (#$argIsa #$genlFuncs 2 #$CollectionDenotingFunction) (#$arity #$genlFuncs 2) (#$comment #$genlFuncs "An instance of #$MetaRelation and a specialization of #$generalizations. #$genlFuncs can be used to relate an instance of #$CollectionDenotingFunction to other instances that are correlatively more general with respect to the collections they return as values for the same arguments. (#$genlFuncs SPEC-FUNC GENL-FUNC) means that the collection that is the value of GENL-FUNC for any given sequence of arguments is a generalization (see #$genls) of the value (if any) of SPEC-FUNC for that same sequence of arguments. That is, whenever SPEC-FUNC is defined for (i.e. associates a value with) a sequence , (#$genls (SPEC-FUNC X1 ... Xn) (GENL-FUNC X1 ... Xn)) holds. For example, (#$genlFuncs #$MobFn #$GroupFn) holds, so (e.g.) (#$MobFn #$Person) is a specialization of (#$GroupFn #$Person). Cf. #$genlFunctions.") (#$genlPreds #$genlFuncs #$generalizations) (#$isa #$genlFuncs #$DefaultMonotonicPredicate) (#$isa #$genlFuncs #$DefinitionalPredicate) (#$isa #$genlFuncs #$MetaRelation) (#$isa #$genlFuncs #$OpenCycDefinitionalPredicate) (#$isa #$genlFuncs #$ReflexiveBinaryPredicate) (#$isa #$genlFuncs #$RuleMacroPredicate) (#$isa #$genlFuncs #$TransitiveBinaryPredicate) (#$typedGenlPreds #$genlFuncs #$generalizations) (#$arg1Isa #$genlFunctions #$Function-MathematicalObject) (#$arg2Isa #$genlFunctions #$Function-MathematicalObject) (#$argIsa #$genlFunctions 1 #$Function-MathematicalObject) (#$argIsa #$genlFunctions 1 #$Function-MathematicalObject) (#$argIsa #$genlFunctions 2 #$Function-MathematicalObject) (#$argIsa #$genlFunctions 2 #$Function-MathematicalObject) (#$arity #$genlFunctions 2) (#$comment #$genlFunctions "This predicate relates a function to another function that is more general than it in the sense of being defined for a broader class of arguments (i.e. having a domain that is a superset of that of the first function). (#$genlFunctions SPEC GENL) means that for any sequence of arguments that SPEC maps to some particular VALUE, GENL also maps that sequence to VALUE. GENL might also be defined for certain argument-sequences for which SPEC is not. For example, since the integers are a subset of the real numbers, the square-function defined on the integers is related by #$genlFunctions to the square-function defined on the reals. (Cf. #$genlFuncs for a different predicate not to be confused with this one.)") (#$genlPreds #$genlFunctions #$generalizations) (#$interArgIsa2-1 #$genlFunctions #$CollectionDenotingFunction #$CollectionDenotingFunction) (#$interArgIsa2-1 #$genlFunctions #$IndividualDenotingFunction #$IndividualDenotingFunction) (#$interArgIsa2-1 #$genlFunctions #$SetDenotingFunction #$SetDenotingFunction) (#$isa #$genlFunctions #$DefaultMonotonicPredicate) (#$isa #$genlFunctions #$DefinitionalPredicate) (#$isa #$genlFunctions #$MetaRelation) (#$isa #$genlFunctions #$Predicate) (#$isa #$genlFunctions #$ReflexiveBinaryPredicate) (#$isa #$genlFunctions #$TransitiveBinaryPredicate) (#$typedGenlPreds #$genlFunctions #$generalizations) (#$arg1Format #$genlInverse #$GenlPredsFormat) (#$arg1Isa #$genlInverse #$BinaryPredicate) (#$arg2Format #$genlInverse #$GenlPredsFormat) (#$arg2Isa #$genlInverse #$BinaryPredicate) (#$argFormat #$genlInverse 1 #$GenlPredsFormat) (#$argFormat #$genlInverse 2 #$GenlPredsFormat) (#$argIsa #$genlInverse 1 #$BinaryPredicate) (#$argIsa #$genlInverse 1 #$BinaryPredicate) (#$argIsa #$genlInverse 2 #$BinaryPredicate) (#$argIsa #$genlInverse 2 #$BinaryPredicate) (#$arity #$genlInverse 2) (#$comment #$genlInverse "A #$MetaPredicate for stating that one binary predicate is a generalization of the _inverse_ of another binary predicate. (#$genlInverse PRED GENL-INV-PRED) means that GENL-INV-PRED is a \"generalized inverse\" of PRED. That is, (PRED ARG1 ARG2) implies (GENL-INV-PRED ARG2 ARG1). For example, (#$genlInverse #$grandchildren #$ancestors) means that grandparents are ancestors of their grandchildren. See also #$genlPreds and #$negationInverse.") (#$isa #$genlInverse #$BinaryPredicate) (#$isa #$genlInverse #$CoreConstant) (#$isa #$genlInverse #$DefaultMonotonicPredicate) (#$isa #$genlInverse #$DefinitionalPredicate) (#$isa #$genlInverse #$MetaPredicate) (#$isa #$genlInverse #$MetaPredicate) (#$isa #$genlInverse #$MetaPredicate) (#$isa #$genlInverse #$OpenCycDefinitionalPredicate) (#$isa #$genlInverse #$RuleMacroPredicate) (#$isa #$genlInverse #$TaxonomicSlotForPredicates) (#$arg1Isa #$genlInverseWRTTypes #$Predicate) (#$arg2Isa #$genlInverseWRTTypes #$Predicate) (#$arg3Isa #$genlInverseWRTTypes #$Collection) (#$arg4Isa #$genlInverseWRTTypes #$Collection) (#$argIsa #$genlInverseWRTTypes 3 #$Collection) (#$argIsa #$genlInverseWRTTypes 3 #$Collection) (#$argIsa #$genlInverseWRTTypes 4 #$Collection) (#$argIsa #$genlInverseWRTTypes 4 #$Collection) (#$argIsa #$genlInverseWRTTypes 1 #$Predicate) (#$argIsa #$genlInverseWRTTypes 1 #$Predicate) (#$argIsa #$genlInverseWRTTypes 2 #$Predicate) (#$argIsa #$genlInverseWRTTypes 2 #$Predicate) (#$arity #$genlInverseWRTTypes 4) (#$comment #$genlInverseWRTTypes "(#$genlInverseWRTTypes BINPRED1 BINPRED2 COL1 COL2) means that if (BINPRED1 INS1 INS2) where INS1 is an instance of COL1 and INS2 is an instance of COL2, then (BINPRED2 INS2 INS1). See #$genlPredsWRTTypes for examples of usage.") (#$isa #$genlInverseWRTTypes #$DefaultMonotonicPredicate) (#$isa #$genlInverseWRTTypes #$MetaPredicate) (#$isa #$genlInverseWRTTypes #$QuaternaryPredicate) (#$isa #$genlInverseWRTTypes #$RuleMacroPredicate) (#$transitiveViaArg #$genlInverseWRTTypes #$genlPreds 2) (#$arg1Format #$genlMt #$SetTheFormat) (#$arg1Isa #$genlMt #$Microtheory) (#$arg2Format #$genlMt #$SetTheFormat) (#$arg2Isa #$genlMt #$Microtheory) (#$argFormat #$genlMt 1 #$SetTheFormat) (#$argFormat #$genlMt 2 #$SetTheFormat) (#$argIsa #$genlMt 1 #$Microtheory) (#$argIsa #$genlMt 1 #$Microtheory) (#$argIsa #$genlMt 1 #$Microtheory) (#$argIsa #$genlMt 2 #$Microtheory) (#$argIsa #$genlMt 2 #$Microtheory) (#$argIsa #$genlMt 2 #$Microtheory) (#$arity #$genlMt 2) (#$arity #$genlMt 2) (#$comment #$genlMt "This predicate relates a more specific microtheory to a more general one, where the former constitutes a specialization with respect to the latter. More precisely: (#$genlMt SPEC-MT GENL-MT) means that any assertion that is true in GENL-MT is also true in SPEC-MT. Thus a query posed in SPEC-MT has access to all of the assertions asserted in GENL-MT. (The consequences of this are far-reaching since #$genlMt is transitive.) One particular microtheory, the #$BaseKB, is in the unique position of being a generalization (via #$genlMt) of every microtheory. (Note that, for technical reasons, all #$genlMt assertions should be made in the #$BaseKB.)") (#$genlPreds #$genlMt #$generalizations) (#$isa #$genlMt #$DefaultMonotonicPredicate) (#$isa #$genlMt #$LogicalTruthConstant) (#$isa #$genlMt #$MicrotheoryPredicate) (#$isa #$genlMt #$OpenCycDefinitionalPredicate) (#$isa #$genlMt #$Predicate) (#$isa #$genlMt #$ReflexiveBinaryPredicate) (#$isa #$genlMt #$RuleMacroPredicate) (#$isa #$genlMt #$TransitiveBinaryPredicate) (#$relationAllInstance #$genlMt #$Microtheory #$BaseKB) (#$relationAllInstance #$genlMt #$DataMicrotheory #$NameStringDefinitionMt) (#$typedGenlPreds #$genlMt #$generalizations) (#$minimizeExtent #$genlMt) (#$arg1Format #$genlMt-Vocabulary #$SetTheFormat) (#$arg1Isa #$genlMt-Vocabulary #$Microtheory) (#$arg2Format #$genlMt-Vocabulary #$SingleEntry) (#$arg2Isa #$genlMt-Vocabulary #$VocabularyMicrotheory) (#$argFormat #$genlMt-Vocabulary 1 #$SetTheFormat) (#$argFormat #$genlMt-Vocabulary 2 #$SingleEntry) (#$argIsa #$genlMt-Vocabulary 1 #$Microtheory) (#$argIsa #$genlMt-Vocabulary 1 #$Microtheory) (#$argIsa #$genlMt-Vocabulary 2 #$VocabularyMicrotheory) (#$argIsa #$genlMt-Vocabulary 2 #$VocabularyMicrotheory) (#$arity #$genlMt-Vocabulary 2) (#$comment #$genlMt-Vocabulary "A specialization of #$genlMt, which relates Cyc microtheories to their corresponding \"vocabulary microtheories\" (which define terms used in those microtheories). (#$genlMt-Vocabulary MT VOCAB_MT) means that VOCAB_MT is the #$VocabularyMicrotheory which contains the definitional information for Cyc terms used in no more general #$Microtheory than MT. For example, (#$genlMt-Vocabulary #$InformationGMt #$InformationGVocabularyMt).") (#$functionalInArgs #$genlMt-Vocabulary 2) (#$genlPreds #$genlMt-Vocabulary #$genlMt) (#$isa #$genlMt-Vocabulary #$AntiTransitiveBinaryPredicate) (#$isa #$genlMt-Vocabulary #$AntiTransitiveBinaryPredicate) (#$isa #$genlMt-Vocabulary #$AsymmetricBinaryPredicate) (#$isa #$genlMt-Vocabulary #$DefaultMonotonicPredicate) (#$isa #$genlMt-Vocabulary #$StrictlyFunctionalPredicate) (#$negationInverse #$genlMt-Vocabulary #$genlMt-Vocabulary) (#$relationExistsAll #$genlMt-Vocabulary #$Microtheory #$VocabularyMicrotheory) (#$strictlyFunctionalInArgs #$genlMt-Vocabulary 2) (#$arg1Format #$genlOrSpecPreds #$GenlPredsFormat) (#$arg1Isa #$genlOrSpecPreds #$Predicate) (#$arg2Format #$genlOrSpecPreds #$GenlPredsFormat) (#$arg2Isa #$genlOrSpecPreds #$Predicate) (#$argFormat #$genlOrSpecPreds 1 #$GenlPredsFormat) (#$argFormat #$genlOrSpecPreds 2 #$GenlPredsFormat) (#$argIsa #$genlOrSpecPreds 1 #$Predicate) (#$argIsa #$genlOrSpecPreds 1 #$Predicate) (#$argIsa #$genlOrSpecPreds 2 #$Predicate) (#$argIsa #$genlOrSpecPreds 2 #$Predicate) (#$arity #$genlOrSpecPreds 2) (#$comment #$genlOrSpecPreds "A #$TaxonomicSlot (q.v.) that relates two #$Predicates just in case either one of them is a generalization of the other via #$genlPreds (q.v.). (#$genlOrSpecPreds PRED1 PRED2) means that either (#$genlPreds PRED1 PRED2) or (#$genlPreds PRED2 PRED1) holds. Thus #$genlOrSpecPreds is in effect the \"union\" of #$genlPreds and its inverse.") (#$genlInverse #$genlOrSpecPreds #$genlOrSpecPreds) (#$isa #$genlOrSpecPreds #$MetaPredicate) (#$isa #$genlOrSpecPreds #$ReflexiveBinaryPredicate) (#$isa #$genlOrSpecPreds #$RuleMacroPredicate) (#$isa #$genlOrSpecPreds #$SymmetricBinaryPredicate) (#$isa #$genlOrSpecPreds #$TaxonomicSlotForPredicates) (#$comment (#$genlPreds #$different #$differentSymbols) "This might initially seem counterintuitive or even backwards, as #$different is a completely general distinctness relation while #$differentSymbols is restricted to symbols only. But, given that the latter relation's argument-places are #$quotedArguments (q.v.) and those of the former relation aren't, it is clear that any true sentence of the form (#$different X1..Xn) implies the corresponding sentence of the form (#$differentSymbols X1..Xn); that the reverse implication does not _hold_ can be seen by the fact that distinct symbols can denote the same thing.") (#$comment (#$genlPreds #$equalSymbols #$equals) "This certainly seems right in most cases. However, there are problems with instances of #$IndexicalConcept, such as #$Here, where the same symbol denotes different things on different occasions of use.") (#$arg1Format #$genlPreds #$GenlPredsFormat) (#$arg1Isa #$genlPreds #$Predicate) (#$arg2Format #$genlPreds #$GenlPredsFormat) (#$arg2Isa #$genlPreds #$Predicate) (#$argFormat #$genlPreds 1 #$GenlPredsFormat) (#$argFormat #$genlPreds 2 #$GenlPredsFormat) (#$argIsa #$genlPreds 1 #$Predicate) (#$argIsa #$genlPreds 1 #$Predicate) (#$argIsa #$genlPreds 2 #$Predicate) (#$argIsa #$genlPreds 2 #$Predicate) (#$arity #$genlPreds 2) (#$comment #$genlPreds "A #$MetaPredicate for stating that one predicate is a generalization of another. (#$genlPreds SPEC-PRED GENL-PRED) means that GENL-PRED is a generalization of SPEC-PRED. That is, (GENL-PRED ARG1..ARGN) holds whenever (SPEC-PRED ARG1..ARGN) holds. For example, (#$genlPreds #$touches #$near) holds, as touching something implies being near it. As for the respective arities (see #$arity) of SPEC-PRED AND GENL-PRED, both predicates might have the same fixed-arity (see #$FixedArityRelation), both might have variable-arity (see #$VariableArityRelation), or SPEC-PRED might have a fixed-arity and GENL-PRED variable-arity. (But it cannot be the case that SPEC-PRED has variable-arity and GENL-PRED has a fixed-arity.) See also #$negationPreds, #$genlInverse, and #$negationInverse.") (#$genlInverse #$genlPreds #$genlOrSpecPreds) (#$genlPreds #$genlPreds #$generalizations) (#$genlPreds #$genlPreds #$genlOrSpecPreds) (#$interArgIsa1-2 #$genlPreds #$VariableArityRelation #$VariableArityRelation) (#$interArgIsa2-1 #$genlPreds #$BinaryPredicate #$BinaryPredicate) (#$interArgIsa2-1 #$genlPreds #$FixedArityRelation #$FixedArityRelation) (#$interArgIsa2-1 #$genlPreds #$QuaternaryPredicate #$QuaternaryPredicate) (#$interArgIsa2-1 #$genlPreds #$QuintaryPredicate #$QuintaryPredicate) (#$interArgIsa2-1 #$genlPreds #$TernaryPredicate #$TernaryPredicate) (#$interArgIsa2-1 #$genlPreds #$UnaryPredicate #$UnaryPredicate) (#$isa #$genlPreds #$CoreConstant) (#$isa #$genlPreds #$DefaultMonotonicPredicate) (#$isa #$genlPreds #$DefinitionalPredicate) (#$isa #$genlPreds #$MetaPredicate) (#$isa #$genlPreds #$MetaPredicate) (#$isa #$genlPreds #$OpenCycDefinitionalPredicate) (#$isa #$genlPreds #$ReflexiveBinaryPredicate) (#$isa #$genlPreds #$RuleMacroPredicate) (#$isa #$genlPreds #$TaxonomicSlotForPredicates) (#$isa #$genlPreds #$TransitiveBinaryPredicate) (#$relationAllInstance #$genlPreds #$ActorSlot #$actors) (#$relationAllInstance #$genlPreds #$ConnectionPredicate #$connectedTo) (#$relationAllInstance #$genlPreds #$IrreflexiveBinaryPredicate #$different) (#$relationAllInstance #$genlPreds #$CotemporalObjectsSlot #$temporallyRelated) (#$sharedNotes #$genlPreds #$NoteAboutUseVersusMention) (#$typedGenlPreds #$genlPreds #$generalizations) (#$minimizeExtent #$genlPreds) (#$arg1Isa #$genlPredsEntryFormatInArgs #$Predicate) (#$arg2Isa #$genlPredsEntryFormatInArgs #$PositiveInteger) (#$argIsa #$genlPredsEntryFormatInArgs 2 #$PositiveInteger) (#$argIsa #$genlPredsEntryFormatInArgs 2 #$PositiveInteger) (#$argIsa #$genlPredsEntryFormatInArgs 1 #$Predicate) (#$argIsa #$genlPredsEntryFormatInArgs 1 #$Predicate) (#$arity #$genlPredsEntryFormatInArgs 2) (#$comment #$genlPredsEntryFormatInArgs "An instance of #$SpecificEntryFormatPredicate (q.v.) that is used only with argument-places that are constrained to instances (see #$argIsa) of #$Predicate (q.v.) or some specialization thereof. (#$genlPredsEntryFormatInArgs PRED N) means that, for any particular way of fixing the other arguments to PRED besides the Nth, for any two predicates such that if either one is taken as the Nth argument PRED holds of those arguments, one those predicates must be a generalization (see #$genlPreds) of the other. That is, if the sequences <... ARGN ...> and <... ARGN-PRIME ...> differ at most in their Nth items and both (PRED ... ARGN ...) and (PRED ... ARGN-PRIME ...) hold, then either (#$genlPreds ARGN ARGN-PRIME) or (#$genlPreds ARGN-PRIME ARGN) must hold. For example, #$genlPredsEntryFormatInArgs holds of #$soleFunction with repsect to its third argument-place. This allows us to state both (#$typeSoleFunction #$Bus-RoadVehicle #$TransportInvolvingADriver #$transporter) and (#$typeSoleFunction #$Bus-RoadVehicle #$TransportInvolvingADriver #$vehicle), given (#$genlPreds #$vehicle #$transporter).") (#$isa #$genlPredsEntryFormatInArgs #$ArgConstraintPredicate) (#$isa #$genlPredsEntryFormatInArgs #$BinaryPredicate) (#$isa #$genlPredsEntryFormatInArgs #$IntangibleObjectRelatingPredicate) (#$isa #$genlPredsEntryFormatInArgs #$MetaPredicate) (#$isa #$genlPredsEntryFormatInArgs #$MetaPredicate) (#$isa #$genlPredsEntryFormatInArgs #$OpenCycDefinitionalPredicate) (#$isa #$genlPredsEntryFormatInArgs #$SpecificEntryFormatPredicate) (#$comment #$GenlPredsFormat "If a predicate P has #$GenlPredsFormat for argument position N, then given some particular list of terms that occupy the other argument positions of P, there may be multiple assertions with different terms in position N (keeping the other arguments fixed), but only so long as the terms in position N are all interrelated by the predicate #$genlPreds. For example, the #$arg3Format of #$soleFunction is #$GenlPredsFormat. This allows us to state both (#$typeSoleFunction #$Bus-RoadVehicle #$TransportInvolvingADriver #$transporter) and (#$typeSoleFunction #$TransportInvolvingADriver #$vehicle) in a #$Microtheory in which (#$genlPreds #$vehicle #$transporter).") (#$isa #$GenlPredsFormat #$Format) (#$arg1Isa #$genlPredsWRTTypes #$BinaryPredicate) (#$arg2Isa #$genlPredsWRTTypes #$BinaryPredicate) (#$arg3Genl #$genlPredsWRTTypes #$Thing) (#$arg3Isa #$genlPredsWRTTypes #$Collection) (#$arg4Genl #$genlPredsWRTTypes #$Thing) (#$arg4Isa #$genlPredsWRTTypes #$Collection) (#$argGenl #$genlPredsWRTTypes 3 #$Thing) (#$argGenl #$genlPredsWRTTypes 3 #$Thing) (#$argGenl #$genlPredsWRTTypes 4 #$Thing) (#$argGenl #$genlPredsWRTTypes 4 #$Thing) (#$argIsa #$genlPredsWRTTypes 1 #$BinaryPredicate) (#$argIsa #$genlPredsWRTTypes 1 #$BinaryPredicate) (#$argIsa #$genlPredsWRTTypes 2 #$BinaryPredicate) (#$argIsa #$genlPredsWRTTypes 2 #$BinaryPredicate) (#$argIsa #$genlPredsWRTTypes 3 #$Collection) (#$argIsa #$genlPredsWRTTypes 3 #$Collection) (#$argIsa #$genlPredsWRTTypes 4 #$Collection) (#$argIsa #$genlPredsWRTTypes 4 #$Collection) (#$arity #$genlPredsWRTTypes 4) (#$comment #$genlPredsWRTTypes "(#$genlPredsWRTTypes BINPRED1 BINPRED2 COL1 COL2) means that if (BINPRED1 INS1 INS2) where INS1 is an instance of COL1 and INS2 is an instance of COL2, then (BINPRED2 INS1 INS2). This allows us to specify a pseudo-genlPreds relationship between two #$BinaryPredicates when their argument constraints are not in the appropriate #$genls relationship. At a more specific level, #$genlPredsWRTTypes can serve as a useful rule macro predicate. For instance, suppose we wanted to say that all people of a certain nationality, Italian, for instance, are, as a general rule, acquainted with all of their neighbors. We could assert (#$genlPredsWRTTypes #$neighbor #$acquaintedWith #$ItalianPerson #$Person). If there is a bi-directional #$genlPreds for the given argument types, use the more specific #$equivPredsWRTTypes. See also #$genlInverseWRTTypes.") (#$isa #$genlPredsWRTTypes #$DefaultMonotonicPredicate) (#$isa #$genlPredsWRTTypes #$MetaPredicate) (#$isa #$genlPredsWRTTypes #$QuaternaryPredicate) (#$isa #$genlPredsWRTTypes #$RuleMacroPredicate) (#$transitiveViaArg #$genlPredsWRTTypes #$genlPreds 2) (#$comment (#$genls #$Person #$Omnivore) "Vegetarians notwithstanding, as they are biologically _able_ to feed on both animals and plants.") (#$arg1Format #$genls #$SetTheFormat) (#$arg1Isa #$genls #$Collection) (#$arg2Format #$genls #$SetTheFormat) (#$arg2Isa #$genls #$Collection) (#$argFormat #$genls 1 #$SetTheFormat) (#$argFormat #$genls 2 #$SetTheFormat) (#$argIsa #$genls 1 #$Collection) (#$argIsa #$genls 1 #$Collection) (#$argIsa #$genls 1 #$Collection) (#$argIsa #$genls 2 #$Collection) (#$argIsa #$genls 2 #$Collection) (#$argIsa #$genls 2 #$Collection) (#$arity #$genls 2) (#$arity #$genls 2) (#$comment #$genls "A instance of #$TaxonomicSlotForCollections (q.v.) and a specialization of #$generalizations. #$genls relates a given collection (see #$Collection) to those collections that subsume it. More precisely, (#$genls SUBCOL SUPERCOL) means that SUPERCOL is a supercollection of SUBCOL: anything that is an instance of (see #$isa) SUBCOL is also an instance of SUPERCOL. For example, (#$genls #$Dog #$Mammal) holds. #$genls is one of the most commonly-occurring predicates in the Cyc Knowledge Base, and one of the relations most fundamental to the Cyc ontology. See also #$subsetOf.") (#$genlPreds #$genls #$subsetOf) (#$interArgIsa2-1 #$genls #$SpatiallyDisjointRegionType #$SpatiallyDisjointRegionType) (#$isa #$genls #$DefaultMonotonicPredicate) (#$isa #$genls #$DefinitionalPredicate) (#$isa #$genls #$KindLevelPredicate) (#$isa #$genls #$LogicalTruthConstant) (#$isa #$genls #$OpenCycDefinitionalPredicate) (#$isa #$genls #$Predicate) (#$isa #$genls #$ReflexiveBinaryPredicate) (#$isa #$genls #$ReformulatorIrrelevantFORT) (#$isa #$genls #$RuleMacroPredicate) (#$isa #$genls #$TaxonomicSlotForCollections) (#$isa #$genls #$TransitiveBinaryPredicate) (#$relationAllInstance #$genls #$ControllableAutonomousActionType #$BiologicalEvent) (#$relationAllInstance #$genls #$DayOfWeekType #$CalendarDay) (#$relationAllInstance #$genls #$MonthOfYearType #$CalendarMonth) (#$relationAllInstance #$genls #$PharmacyProductType #$DrugSubstance) (#$relationAllInstance #$genls #$ElementStuffTypeByNumberOfProtons #$ElementStuff) (#$relationAllInstance #$genls #$TimeOfDayType #$Event) (#$relationAllInstance #$genls #$AbstractShapeType #$GeometricThing-Abstract) (#$relationAllInstance #$genls #$PathSystemType-Structural #$PathSystem) (#$relationAllInstance #$genls #$SensoryReactionType #$ScalarInterval) (#$relationAllInstance #$genls #$AnimalBodyPartType #$SolidTangibleThing) (#$relationAllInstance #$genls #$Collection #$Thing) (#$relationAllInstance #$genls #$TwoDimensionalShapeType #$TwoDimensionalGeometricThing) (#$relationAllInstance #$genls #$InterconvertibleUnitType #$UnitOfMeasure) (#$sharedNotes #$genls #$NoteAboutUseVersusMention) (#$transitiveViaArg #$genls #$genls 2) (#$transitiveViaArgInverse #$genls #$genls 1) (#$typedGenlPreds #$genls #$subsetOf) (#$minimizeExtent #$genls) (#$arg1Isa #$genlsEntryFormatInArgs #$Predicate) (#$arg2Isa #$genlsEntryFormatInArgs #$PositiveInteger) (#$argIsa #$genlsEntryFormatInArgs 2 #$PositiveInteger) (#$argIsa #$genlsEntryFormatInArgs 2 #$PositiveInteger) (#$argIsa #$genlsEntryFormatInArgs 1 #$Predicate) (#$argIsa #$genlsEntryFormatInArgs 1 #$Predicate) (#$arity #$genlsEntryFormatInArgs 2) (#$comment #$genlsEntryFormatInArgs "An instance of #$SpecificEntryFormatPredicate (q.v.) that is used only with argument-places that are constrained to instances (see #$argIsa) of #$Collection (q.v.) or some specialization thereof. (#$genlsEntryFormatInArgs PRED N) means that, for any particular way of fixing the other arguments to PRED besides the Nth, for any two collections such that if either one is taken as the Nth argument PRED holds of those arguments, those collections must not be disjoint (see #$disjointWith). That is, if the sequences <... ARGN ...> and <... ARGN-PRIME ...> differ at most in their Nth items and both (PRED ... ARGN ...) and (PRED ... ARGN-PRIME ...) hold, then (#$disjointWith ARGN ARGN-PRIME) must _not_ hold. For example, #$genlsEntryFormatInArgs holds of #$resultIsa (q.v.) with respect to it second argument-place.") (#$isa #$genlsEntryFormatInArgs #$ArgConstraintPredicate) (#$isa #$genlsEntryFormatInArgs #$BinaryPredicate) (#$isa #$genlsEntryFormatInArgs #$IntangibleObjectRelatingPredicate) (#$isa #$genlsEntryFormatInArgs #$MetaPredicate) (#$isa #$genlsEntryFormatInArgs #$MetaPredicate) (#$isa #$genlsEntryFormatInArgs #$OpenCycDefinitionalPredicate) (#$isa #$genlsEntryFormatInArgs #$SpecificEntryFormatPredicate) (#$comment #$GenlsFormat "If a predicate P has #$GenlsFormat for argument position N, then given some particular list of terms that occupy the other argument positions of P, there may be multiple assertions with different terms in position N (keeping the other arguments fixed), but only so long as the terms in position N are not disjoint (and therefore all related to their common spec by the predicate #$genls). For example, the #$arg1Format of #$soleProductType is #$GenlsFormat. This allows us to state (#$soleProductType #$AlfaRomeoTheCompany #$SportsCar), (#$soleProductType #$AlfaRomeoTheCompany #$AlfaRomeoCar), and (#$soleProductType #$AlfaRomeoTheCompany #$ItalianCar) in a #$Microtheory in which (#$genls #$AlfaRomeoCar #$SportsCar) and (#$genls #$AlfaRomeoCar #$LuxuryCar). There need be no #$genls relation between #$LuxuryCar and #$SportsCar.") (#$isa #$GenlsFormat #$Format) (#$arg1Isa #$GenValueFn #$QuantitySlot) (#$arg2Genl #$GenValueFn #$Thing) (#$arg2Isa #$GenValueFn #$Collection) (#$arg3Isa #$GenValueFn #$AttributeValue) (#$arg3Isa #$GenValueFn #$ScalarInterval) (#$argGenl #$GenValueFn 2 #$Thing) (#$argGenl #$GenValueFn 2 #$Thing) (#$argIsa #$GenValueFn 3 #$AttributeValue) (#$argIsa #$GenValueFn 2 #$Collection) (#$argIsa #$GenValueFn 2 #$Collection) (#$argIsa #$GenValueFn 1 #$QuantitySlot) (#$argIsa #$GenValueFn 1 #$QuantitySlot) (#$argIsa #$GenValueFn 3 #$ScalarInterval) (#$arity #$GenValueFn 3) (#$comment #$GenValueFn "#$GenValueFn is a Cyc function, in particular, an instance of #$IndividualDenotingFunction. It is used to denote an amount of a specified attribute that can be considered a generic value (very low, low, medium, high, or etc.) for members of the indicated group. Thus, (#$GenValueFn PRED COL GEN) denotes the amount which can be considered the GEN value of PRED for members of the #$Collection COL. Thus (#$GenValueFn #$heightOfObject #$BasketballPlayer #$High) denotes the amount of distance which is a high height among basketball players. See also #$GenericQuantity. See also #$GenericValueFunction.") (#$isa #$GenValueFn #$IndividualDenotingFunction) (#$isa #$GenValueFn #$ReifiableFunction) (#$isa #$GenValueFn #$TernaryFunction) (#$resultIsa #$GenValueFn #$AttributeValue) (#$resultIsa #$GenValueFn #$AttributeValue) (#$resultIsa #$GenValueFn #$ScalarInterval) (#$resultIsa #$GenValueFn #$ScalarInterval) (#$arg1Isa #$genWithGloss #$Predicate) (#$argIsa #$genWithGloss 1 #$Predicate) (#$argIsa #$genWithGloss 1 #$Predicate) (#$arity #$genWithGloss 1) (#$comment #$genWithGloss "(#$genWithGloss PRED) means that the english for any rules beginning with PRED will be generated using an #$englishGloss assertion if there is one. If there isn't, english will be generated in the usual way using #$genFormats etc..") (#$isa #$genWithGloss #$UnaryPredicate) (#$comment #$GeoculturalRegion "A specialization of #$GeographicalRegion. Each instance of #$GeoculturalRegion is a region united by economic, cultural, political, or religious ties. The exact boundaries for such regions are sometimes difficult to determine, and sometimes it is unclear whether a region ought to count as one. Instances of #$GeoculturalRegion include the #$CaribbeanRegion and #$Scandinavia. Non-examples of #$GeoculturalRegion include #$NorthernHemisphere-Region, where there is only a geographical commonality shared by the areas subsumed by the region, and the area of #$Nicaragua and #$CostaRica combined, which does not by itself form a natural grouping, but is subsumed by the #$GeoculturalRegion #$CentralAmerica. Another non-example of #$GeoculturalRegion would be 'Spanish-speaking countries,' which are too geographically scattered to form a #$GeoculturalRegion. Note that one country may be subsumed by more than one #$GeoculturalRegion : for example, #$Norway is in both #$WesternEurope and #$Scandinavia.") (#$disjointWith #$GeoculturalRegion #$RealEstate) (#$genls #$GeoculturalRegion #$GeographicalRegion) (#$genls #$GeoculturalRegion #$Individual) (#$isa #$GeoculturalRegion #$ExistingObjectType) (#$comment #$GeographicalAgent "A specialization of both #$MultiIndividualAgent and #$GeographicalThing. Each instance of #$GeographicalAgent is a group of people and/or organizations cohesive enough to be treated as an agent (see the collection #$Agent, of which #$GeographicalAgent is a specialization), and which occupies a particular instance of #$GeographicalRegion. Important specializations of #$GeographicalAgent include #$GeopoliticalEntity, #$University, and #$Neighborhood. Note that instances of #$GeographicalAgent are viewed in two significantly different ways with respect to two different types of geography-related microtheories. In a `physical' geography microtheory (i.e. #$PhysicalGeographyMt and its submicrotheories), geographical agents are clearly distinguished from the regions they occupy. (#$TerritoryFn GEO-AGENT) is used in these contexts to denote the land mass (an instance of #$GeographicalRegion) occupied by a given geographical agent GEO-AGENT. In a `dualist' geography microtheory (i.e. #$DualistGeopoliticalMt and its submicrotheories), on the other hand, geographical agents are viewed as being _both_ agents _and_ land masses (instances of #$GeographicalRegion). Thus, there is little need for #$TerritoryFn in the latter sort of context. (Despite their somewhat paradoxical flavor, dualist microtheories arguably allow Cyc to mimic commonsense reasoning about geographical agents and regions more closely than do the stricter physical microtheories.) There are also some `generic' geography microtheories (e.g. #$WorldGeographyMt and #$UnitedStatesGeographyMt) which are neutral with respect to the physical and dualist views. Also see the shared-note for this constant.") (#$genls #$GeographicalAgent #$Agent) (#$genls #$GeographicalAgent #$GeographicalRegion) (#$genls #$GeographicalAgent #$GeographicalThing) (#$genls #$GeographicalAgent #$Individual) (#$genls #$GeographicalAgent #$MultiIndividualAgent) (#$isa #$GeographicalAgent #$ExistingObjectType) (#$sharedNotes #$GeographicalAgent #$Dualist-Physical-AndGenericGeographyMtNote) (#$comment #$GeographicalDirection "A specialization of #$TerrestrialDirection (q.v.). The #$GeographicalDirections derive from the \"intrinsic\" directional axes of a terrestrial frame of reference: North-South and East-West. Like all #$VectorIntervals, geographical directions can be specified precisely (e.g. #$North-Directly) or as proper intervals (e.g. #$North-Generally); see the specializations #$GeographicalDirection-Direct and #$GeographicalDirection-General.") (#$genls #$GeographicalDirection #$Direction) (#$genls #$GeographicalDirection #$Individual) (#$genls #$GeographicalDirection #$TerrestrialDirection) (#$isa #$GeographicalDirection #$AtemporalNecessarilyEssentialCollectionType) (#$isa #$GeographicalDirection #$ObjectType) (#$comment #$GeographicalDirection-Direct "A specialization of #$GeographicalDirection whose instances are precise, as opposed to general, directions. For example, #$North-Directly is due north. Compare #$GeographicalDirection-General.") (#$disjointWith #$GeographicalDirection-Direct #$GeographicalDirection-General) (#$genls #$GeographicalDirection-Direct #$GeographicalDirection) (#$genls #$GeographicalDirection-Direct #$UnitVector-Precise) (#$isa #$GeographicalDirection-Direct #$ObjectType) (#$comment #$GeographicalDirection-General "A specialization of #$GeographicalDirection whose instances are general, as opposed to precise or \"direct\", directions. More exactly, a given general direction (e.g. #$North-Generally) is an instance of #$VectorInterval that comprises the cone-shaped set of vectors pointing (from some reference point) within approximately 45 degrees (in either direction) of the corresponding \"direct\" direction (viz. #$North-Directly). Compare #$GeographicalDirection-Direct.") (#$genls #$GeographicalDirection-General #$GeographicalDirection) (#$isa #$GeographicalDirection-General #$ObjectType) (#$comment #$GeographicalEntityByHierarchy "A collection of collections. Instances of #$GeographicalEntityByHierarchy are subcollections of #$GeopoliticalEntity each of which correspond to a certain level of organization.") (#$disjointWith #$GeographicalEntityByHierarchy #$PersonTypeByCulture) (#$disjointWith #$GeographicalEntityByHierarchy #$PersonTypeByPositionInOrg) (#$genls #$GeographicalEntityByHierarchy #$ExistingObjectType) (#$isa #$GeographicalEntityByHierarchy #$CollectionType) (#$isa #$GeographicalEntityByHierarchy #$CollectionType) (#$isa #$GeographicalEntityByHierarchy #$SecondOrderCollection) (#$isa #$GeographicalEntityByHierarchy #$SiblingDisjointCollectionType) (#$isa #$GeographicalEntityByHierarchy #$SiblingDisjointCollectionType) (#$typeGenls #$GeographicalEntityByHierarchy #$GeopoliticalEntity) (#$comment #$GeographicalLine-Intangible "The collection of one dimensional intangible geographical things. For instance, #$LatitudeLine and #$LineOfMilitaryForces are specialization.") (#$genls #$GeographicalLine-Intangible #$GeographicalThing-Intangible) (#$genls #$GeographicalLine-Intangible #$Individual) (#$genls #$GeographicalLine-Intangible (#$LocalizedFn #$Line)) (#$isa #$GeographicalLine-Intangible #$ExistingObjectType) (#$comment #$GeographicalPlace-1D "A subcollection of #$GeographicalLine-Intangible and #$GeographicalThing-Intangible-FixedLocation. Instances of #$GeographicalPlace-1D are one dimensional portions of the geographical surface of reference. They can be used to indicate the (partial) geographical location of two or three dimensional things within the context of a geography. See #$locatedAtPoint-SurfaceGeographical. Additionally, they can be used to denote location of borders, or portions of borders and other tpes of demarcations. The two main specializations of this collection are #$LongitudeLine and #$LatitudeLine, one dimensional parts of instances of those also belong to #$GeographicalPlace-1D. Note that a pair composed of a point and a portion of line do not belong to this collection.") (#$genls #$GeographicalPlace-1D #$GeographicalLine-Intangible) (#$genls #$GeographicalPlace-1D #$GeographicalSpaceRegion) (#$genls #$GeographicalPlace-1D #$Individual) (#$genls #$GeographicalPlace-1D #$SpaceLine-Empirical) (#$isa #$GeographicalPlace-1D #$ExistingStuffType) (#$comment #$GeographicalRegion "A specialization of #$GeographicalThing. Each instance of #$GeographicalRegion is a spatial region that includes some piece of the surface of a planet (usually #$PlanetEarth). Each instance of #$GeographicalRegion is a #$PartiallyTangible entity that may be represented on a map of the planet. This includes purely topographical regions like mountains and underwater spaces, places defined by demographics (e.g., language areas) and territory otherwise demarcated (e.g. #$TimeZones). In \"dualist\" geopolitical contexts [see #$DualistGeopoliticalMt], instances of #$GeopoliticalEntity are also considered to be instances of #$GeographicalRegion. In all cases the region in question must contain some tangible component with which it is possible to make physical contact. The instances of #$GeographicalRegion contrast in this respect with the instances of #$GeographicalThing-Intangible, which are wholly intangible. Examples of #$GeographicalRegion include #$RockyMountainStates-USRegion, the #$ContinentOfAustralia, #$SinaiPeninsula, and -- in \"dualist\" geopolitical contexts -- #$YaleUniversity and #$CityOfPittsburghPA. Some important types of regions are represented by the sub-collections #$LanguageArea, #$TimeZone, #$PostalCodeRegion, #$EcologicalRegion, #$ConstructionSite, and -- in \"dualist\" geopolitical contexts -- #$GeopoliticalEntity. No instances of #$GeographicalRegion are wholly indoor locations.") (#$disjointWith #$GeographicalRegion #$CloudInSky) (#$disjointWith #$GeographicalRegion #$CommercialOrganization) (#$disjointWith #$GeographicalRegion #$Conveyance) (#$disjointWith #$GeographicalRegion #$GaseousTangibleThing) (#$disjointWith #$GeographicalRegion #$Leather) (#$disjointWith #$GeographicalRegion #$MilitaryOrganization) (#$disjointWith #$GeographicalRegion #$Particle) (#$genls #$GeographicalRegion #$GeographicalThing) (#$genls #$GeographicalRegion #$Place) (#$genls #$GeographicalRegion #$Surface-Open) (#$genls #$GeographicalRegion #$Surface-Physical) (#$isa #$GeographicalRegion #$TemporalStuffType) (#$comment #$GeographicalRegionGMt "The microtheory for defining #$GeographicalThing, #$GeographicalRegion, and the intersections of these with #$IntangibleIndividual and #$PartiallyTangible. The concepts of latitude, longitude, rotational poles and axes are included, but #$TopographicalFeatures are described in the more specialized #$NaturalGeographyMt, and political regions are defined in #$GeographyMt.") (#$genlMt #$GeographicalRegionGMt #$BaseKB) (#$genlMt #$GeographicalRegionGMt #$BordersMt) (#$genlMt #$GeographicalRegionGMt #$GeographicalRegionGVocabularyMt) (#$genlMt #$GeographicalRegionGMt #$NaivePhysicsMt) (#$isa #$GeographicalRegionGMt #$GeneralMicrotheory) (#$isa #$GeographicalRegionGMt #$TheoryMicrotheory) (#$comment #$GeographicalRegionGVocabularyMt "The #$VocabularyMicrotheory for #$GeographicalRegionGMt.") (#$genlMt #$GeographicalRegionGVocabularyMt #$BaseKB) (#$genlMt #$GeographicalRegionGVocabularyMt #$BordersVocabularyMt) (#$genlMt #$GeographicalRegionGVocabularyMt #$NaivePhysicsVocabularyMt) (#$isa #$GeographicalRegionGVocabularyMt #$VocabularyMicrotheory) (#$comment #$GeographicalSpaceRegion "A specialization of #$SpaceRegion-Empirical. Instances of #$GeographicalSpaceRegion are pieces of space that are relevant to geographical reasoning. They are intangible points, lines or surfaces that are all incident in the projected surface of reference on which instances of #$GeographicalThing are located. [TO BE IMPROVED]") (#$genls #$GeographicalSpaceRegion #$GeographicalThing-Intangible-FixedLocation) (#$genls #$GeographicalSpaceRegion #$Individual) (#$genls #$GeographicalSpaceRegion #$SpaceRegion-Empirical) (#$isa #$GeographicalSpaceRegion #$TemporalStuffType) (#$arg1Isa #$geographicalSubRegions #$GeographicalRegion) (#$arg1Isa #$geographicalSubRegions #$GeographicalRegion) (#$arg2Format #$geographicalSubRegions #$SetTheFormat) (#$arg2Isa #$geographicalSubRegions #$GeographicalRegion) (#$arg2Isa #$geographicalSubRegions #$GeographicalRegion) (#$argFormat #$geographicalSubRegions 2 #$SetTheFormat) (#$argIsa #$geographicalSubRegions 1 #$GeographicalRegion) (#$argIsa #$geographicalSubRegions 1 #$GeographicalRegion) (#$argIsa #$geographicalSubRegions 1 #$GeographicalRegion) (#$argIsa #$geographicalSubRegions 2 #$GeographicalRegion) (#$argIsa #$geographicalSubRegions 2 #$GeographicalRegion) (#$argIsa #$geographicalSubRegions 2 #$GeographicalRegion) (#$arity #$geographicalSubRegions 2) (#$comment #$geographicalSubRegions "(#$geographicalSubRegions SUPER SUB) means that SUPER and SUB are both elements of #$GeographicalRegion, and the area SUB lies wholly within the region SUPER (see #$inRegion). SUPER may or may not completely surround SUB, as they may share an outer boundary (e.g., the #$UnitedStatesOfAmerica and #$Texas-State in the #$WorldGeographyDualistMt). Note that, if either argument to #$geographicalSubRegions is an instance of #$GeopoliticalEntity, the assertion must be made in #$WorldGeographyDualistMt or a specMt thereof. To relate two instances of #$GeopoliticalEntity, use the predicate #$geopoliticalSubdivision, if it applies. See also #$surroundsHorizontally and #$bordersOn.") (#$genlInverse #$geographicalSubRegions #$inRegion) (#$genlPreds #$geographicalSubRegions #$onSamePlanetSurfaceAs) (#$genlPreds #$geographicalSubRegions #$physicalParts) (#$genlPreds #$geographicalSubRegions #$spatiallySubsumes) (#$genlPreds #$geographicalSubRegions #$subRegions) (#$isa #$geographicalSubRegions #$AntiSymmetricBinaryPredicate) (#$isa #$geographicalSubRegions #$PhysicalPartPredicate) (#$isa #$geographicalSubRegions #$ReflexiveBinaryPredicate) (#$isa #$geographicalSubRegions #$SpatialPredicate) (#$isa #$geographicalSubRegions #$TransitiveBinaryPredicate) (#$sharedNotes #$geographicalSubRegions #$Dualist-Physical-AndGenericGeographyMtNote) (#$typedGenlPreds #$geographicalSubRegions #$physicalParts) (#$typedGenlPreds #$geographicalSubRegions #$spatiallySubsumes) (#$typedGenlPreds #$geographicalSubRegions #$subRegions) (#$comment #$GeographicalThing "This collection may be thought of as consisting of all the entities which are localizable within the context of a geography, in the sense that they might plausibly be represented on a map. This includes both #$PartiallyTangible entities like #$GeographicalRegions, and also entities that may be wholly #$Intangible, like territorial borders and boundaries, #$LatitudeLines and #$LongitudeLines, trajectories of missiles and courses of ships, and the #$Equator.") (#$genls #$GeographicalThing #$Individual) (#$genls #$GeographicalThing #$SomethingExisting) (#$genls #$GeographicalThing #$SpatialThing-Localized) (#$isa #$GeographicalThing #$ObjectType) (#$comment #$GeographicalThing-Intangible "The collection of all things which occupy definite locations in geographic space (in the sense of being representable on a map) but which are nevertheless best considered #$Intangible or 'imaginary'. This includes a very wide variety of things, eg., #$LatitudeLines and #$LongitudeLines, the courses of airplanes and ships, ballistic trajectories, territorial boundaries and borders, air traffic control zones, etcetera. In this it contrasts with #$GeographicalRegion.") (#$genls #$GeographicalThing-Intangible #$GeographicalThing) (#$genls #$GeographicalThing-Intangible #$Individual) (#$genls #$GeographicalThing-Intangible #$IntangibleExistingThing) (#$genls #$GeographicalThing-Intangible #$IntangibleIndividual) (#$isa #$GeographicalThing-Intangible #$ExistingObjectType) (#$comment #$GeographicalThing-Intangible-FixedLocation "The collection of all intangible things that have a relatively fixed geographic locations, such as the #$Equator, the #$NorthPole, #$LongitudeLines, stable borders, etc. Contrast this with #$GeographicalThing-Intangible-MovableLocation.") (#$genls #$GeographicalThing-Intangible-FixedLocation #$GeographicalThing-Intangible) (#$genls #$GeographicalThing-Intangible-FixedLocation #$GeographicalThing-Intangible) (#$genls #$GeographicalThing-Intangible-FixedLocation #$Individual) (#$genls #$GeographicalThing-Intangible-FixedLocation #$Place-NonAgent) (#$isa #$GeographicalThing-Intangible-FixedLocation #$ExistingObjectType) (#$comment #$GeographyMt "This #$Microtheory is for rules and assertions about that refer to both collections of #$GeopoliticalEntity and collections of physical objects or which refer to constructed #$GeographicalRegions (such as #$Canals). General assertions about natural types of #$GeographicalRegion belong in #$NaturalGeographyMt. General assertions about types of #$GeopoliticalEntity which do not refer to natural #$GeographicalRegions belong in #$PoliticalGeographyMt. Assertions in these microtheories are about specs of #$GeographicalRegion without making any assertions about the #$PlanetEarth or any #$Individual on it. Assertions about natural features of the Earth belong in #$WorldNaturalGeographyMt. Those about instances of #$GeopoliticalEntity, treated as #$Agents, belong in #$WorldGeographyMt. Those assertions which treat instances of #$GeopoliticalEntity as #$GeographicalRegions (e.g. stating that one #$City borders on a certain #$River) belong in #$WorldGeographyDualistMt. If the assertions refer to objects in the territory of the #$UnitedStatesOfAmerica, they belong in the corresponding US-related microtheory (#$UnitedStatesNaturalGeographyMt, #$UnitedStatesGeographyMt, or #$UnitedStatesGeographyDualistMt). (See #$Dualist-Physical-AndGenericGeographyMtNote)") (#$genlMt #$GeographyMt #$BaseKB) (#$genlMt #$GeographyMt #$BaseKB) (#$genlMt #$GeographyMt #$EcologyMt) (#$genlMt #$GeographyMt #$GeographyVocabularyMt) (#$genlMt #$GeographyMt #$OrganizationBuildingMt) (#$genlMt #$GeographyMt #$PoliticalGeographyMt) (#$isa #$GeographyMt #$GeneralMicrotheory) (#$isa #$GeographyMt #$TheoryMicrotheory) (#$comment #$GeographyVocabularyMt "The #$VocabularyMicrotheory for #$GeographyMt.") (#$genlMt #$GeographyVocabularyMt #$BaseKB) (#$genlMt #$GeographyVocabularyMt #$EcologyVocabularyMt) (#$genlMt #$GeographyVocabularyMt #$OrganizationBuildingVocabularyMt) (#$genlMt #$GeographyVocabularyMt #$PoliticalGeographyVocabularyMt) (#$isa #$GeographyVocabularyMt #$VocabularyMicrotheory) (#$comment #$GeometricallyDescribableThing "A subcollection of #$SpatialThing. Each instance of #$GeometricallyDescribableThing is a spatially-connected spatial thing (of 0, 1, 2, or 3 dimensions) that either (i) has or approximates a simple geometric shape (e.g. it is a #$Line of a #$Hemisphere) or (ii) consists of a number of (connected) parts in a relatively stable geometric configuration, where each such part has or approximates a simple geometric shape (e.g. a table consisting of a 3-D-disc-shaped top and four cylindrical legs). A #$GeometricallyDescribableThing might be tangible (see #$PartiallyTangible) or intangible (see #$GeometricallyDescribableThing-Intangible). Note that what counts as \"approximating\" a given simple geometric shape -- and thus what spatial things count as #$GeometricallyDescribableThings -- varies with context. In a context that was so fine-grained shape-wise that even the shapes of the individual molecules on the surface of an object were considered relevant to the object's shape, perhaps nearly every (connected, solid) tangible object would be geometrically-describable. In more everyday contexts, on the other hand, an unopened can of soup would be geometrically-describable (as a cylinder), while a telephone or an animal's body would probably not.") (#$genls #$GeometricallyDescribableThing #$Individual) (#$genls #$GeometricallyDescribableThing #$SpatialThing) (#$isa #$GeometricallyDescribableThing #$ObjectType) (#$comment #$GeometricallyDescribableThing-Intangible "The collection of all intangible #$GeometricallyDescribableThings (q.v.), whether spatially localized or purely abstract. #$GeometricallyDescribableThing-Intangible is the \"intersection\" (see #$collectionIntersection) of #$GeometricallyDescribableThing and #$Intangible. Examples include any spatially-connected, intangible thing that has or approximates (or which consists entirely of parts that all have or approximate) a simple geometric shape, such as the intangible space determined by an Egyptian pyramid, an abstract \"Platonic\" sphere, or the center of mass of the solar system (a point) at the first instant of the Twentieth Century in Greenwich, England. Important specializations are #$GeometricThing-Localized (which includes all spatially localized instances) and #$GeometricThing-Abstract (which includes all instances not spatially located in any universe).") (#$genls #$GeometricallyDescribableThing-Intangible #$GeometricallyDescribableThing) (#$genls #$GeometricallyDescribableThing-Intangible #$Individual) (#$genls #$GeometricallyDescribableThing-Intangible #$IntangibleIndividual) (#$isa #$GeometricallyDescribableThing-Intangible #$ObjectType) (#$comment #$GeometricalPoint "The collection of \"one piece\" zero dimensional geometrical objects. Instances of #$GeometricalPoint have neither length, breadth, nor thickness, but may move in time. An important specialization is #$SpacePoint, which is fixed with reference to the coordinate system and does not move. If the coordinate system is the empirically observed universe of a given context, the more specific #$SpacePoint-Empirical should be used. The center of the solar system is an instance of #$GeometricalPoint, but not #$SpacePoint. The center of mass of the universe (assuming such a point exists, would be an instance of #$SpacePoint-Empirical since it would be fixed in the coordinate system of the universe.") (#$genls #$GeometricalPoint #$GeometricallyDescribableThing-Intangible) (#$genls #$GeometricalPoint #$Individual) (#$isa #$GeometricalPoint #$ObjectType) (#$comment #$GeometricThing-Abstract "A specialization of #$GeometricallyDescribableThing each of whose instances is abstract in the sense of being intangible (see #$Intangible) as well as lacking spatial and temporal location. Each instance of #$GeometricThing-Abstract is an abstract region of an abstract space (the latter having two or more dimensions). Geometric figures that are located in this (or another) universe are not instances of this collection, but of #$GeometricThing-Localized.") (#$genls #$GeometricThing-Abstract #$GeometricallyDescribableThing-Intangible) (#$genls #$GeometricThing-Abstract #$Individual) (#$genls #$GeometricThing-Abstract #$MathematicalObject) (#$isa #$GeometricThing-Abstract #$ObjectType) (#$comment #$GeometricThing-Localized "A specialization of both #$SpatialThing-Localized and #$Intangible. Positive examples are any intangible things that both have some location or position in the Universe, and are characterizable in geometric terms, such as the intangible spaces determined by, for example, the pyramids of Egypt (pyramids), the Sun (a sphere), or the center of mass of the solar system at the first instant of the twentieth century (a point). #$GeometricThing-Localized is identical with (#$LocalizedFn #$GeometricallyDescribableThing) (see the #$cyclistNotes on this page for why we need this constant reified anyway). #$GeometricThing-Localized includes as specializations (#$LocalizedFn #$Circle), (#$LocalizedFn #$Square), and in general all the 'localized realizations' of the generic geometric collections.") (#$genls #$GeometricThing-Localized #$GeometricallyDescribableThing) (#$genls #$GeometricThing-Localized #$GeometricallyDescribableThing-Intangible) (#$genls #$GeometricThing-Localized #$Individual) (#$genls #$GeometricThing-Localized #$SpatialThing-Localized) (#$isa #$GeometricThing-Localized #$ObjectType) (#$comment #$GeometryGMt "The most general microtheory for laying out the axiomatization of geometric concepts. Assertions made in #$GeometryGMt ought to be \"visible\" to any of its specializations. For instance, Euclid's parallel postulate is true in #$EuclideanSpaceMt but would not hold in a microtheory axiomatizing any non-euclidean geometry. Meanwhile, the notion of a line -- being common to all geometrical theories -- is to be defined in #$GeometryGMt where universal features of lines are to be axiomatized.") (#$genlMt #$GeometryGMt #$BaseKB) (#$genlMt #$GeometryGMt #$BaseKB) (#$genlMt #$GeometryGMt #$GeometryGVocabularyMt) (#$genlMt #$GeometryGMt #$MathMt) (#$genlMt #$GeometryGMt #$SpatialGMt) (#$isa #$GeometryGMt #$GeneralMicrotheory) (#$isa #$GeometryGMt #$TheoryMicrotheory) (#$comment #$GeometryGVocabularyMt "The #$VocabularyMicrotheory for #$GeometryGMt.") (#$genlMt #$GeometryGVocabularyMt #$BaseKB) (#$genlMt #$GeometryGVocabularyMt #$SpatialGVocabularyMt) (#$isa #$GeometryGVocabularyMt #$VocabularyMicrotheory) (#$comment #$GeopoliticalEntity "A specialization of #$Organization and of #$LegalAgent and of #$GeographicalAgent; instances of this collection control #$GeographicalRegions. Each instance of #$GeopoliticalEntity includes a governing body, but is more than just that governing body. Important subcollections include #$Country, #$IndependentCountry, #$State-Geopolitical, #$City, and #$Province. Instances include #$CityOfTokyoJapan, #$BronxNY-Borough, #$Alaska-State, #$Rwanda, #$Singapore, #$InnerMongolia, #$Somerset-CountyEngland, and #$Taiwan-RepublicOfChina. A central feature of this collection is that geopolitical-entities (indeed, all #$GeographicalAgents) are viewed in two significantly different ways with respect to two different types of geography-related microtheories. In a \"physical\" geography microtheory (i.e. #$PhysicalGeographyMt and its submicrotheories), geopolitical-entities are clearly distinguished from the regions they control. (#$TerritoryFn GEO-POL) is used in these contexts to denote the land mass (a #$GeopoliticalRegion) of a given geopolitical-entity GEO-POL. In a \"dualist\" geography microtheory (i.e. #$DualistGeopoliticalMt and its submicrotheories), on the other hand, geopolitical-entities are viewed as being _both_ agents _and_ land masses (i.e. #$GeographicalRegions). Thus, there is little need for #$TerritoryFn in the latter sort of context. (Despite their somewhat paradoxical flavor, dualist microtheories arguably allow Cyc to mimic commonsense reasoning about geopolitical entities and regions more closely than do the stricter physicalist microtheories.) There are also some \"generic\" geography microtheories (e.g. #$WorldGeographyMt and #$UnitedStatesGeographyMt) which are neutral with respect to the physical and dualist views. Also see the shared-note for this constant.") (#$genls #$GeopoliticalEntity #$GeographicalAgent) (#$genls #$GeopoliticalEntity #$LegalAgent) (#$genls #$GeopoliticalEntity #$Organization) (#$isa #$GeopoliticalEntity #$ExistingObjectType) (#$isa #$GeopoliticalEntity #$OrganizationByEntityType) (#$sharedNotes #$GeopoliticalEntity #$Dualist-Physical-AndGenericGeographyMtNote) (#$comment #$GeopoliticalEntityVocabularyMt "The #$VocabularyMicrotheory for #$GeopoliticalEntityMt.") (#$genlMt #$GeopoliticalEntityVocabularyMt #$BaseKB) (#$genlMt #$GeopoliticalEntityVocabularyMt #$OrganizationGVocabularyMt) (#$isa #$GeopoliticalEntityVocabularyMt #$VocabularyMicrotheory) (#$arg1Isa #$geopoliticalSubdivision #$GeopoliticalEntity) (#$arg1Isa #$geopoliticalSubdivision #$GeopoliticalEntity) (#$arg2Isa #$geopoliticalSubdivision #$GeopoliticalEntity) (#$arg2Isa #$geopoliticalSubdivision #$GeopoliticalEntity) (#$argIsa #$geopoliticalSubdivision 1 #$GeopoliticalEntity) (#$argIsa #$geopoliticalSubdivision 1 #$GeopoliticalEntity) (#$argIsa #$geopoliticalSubdivision 1 #$GeopoliticalEntity) (#$argIsa #$geopoliticalSubdivision 2 #$GeopoliticalEntity) (#$argIsa #$geopoliticalSubdivision 2 #$GeopoliticalEntity) (#$argIsa #$geopoliticalSubdivision 2 #$GeopoliticalEntity) (#$arity #$geopoliticalSubdivision 2) (#$comment #$geopoliticalSubdivision "(#$geopoliticalSubdivision BIG SMALL) means that the #$GeopoliticalEntity SMALL is a part of the larger #$GeopoliticalEntity BIG. The territory (see the constant #$TerritoryFn) of SMALL is a geographical sub-region (see the predicate #$geographicalSubRegions) of the territory of BIG. The government (see the constant #$GovernmentFn) of BIG usually has some sovereignty over the government of SMALL.") (#$comment #$geopoliticalSubdivision "(#$geopoliticalSubdivision BIG SMALL) means that the #$GeopoliticalEntity SMALL, is a part of the larger #$GeopoliticalEntity BIG. The territory (#$TerritoryFn) of SMALL is a #$geographicalSubRegions of the territory of BIG. The government (#$GovernmentFn) of BIG has some sovereignty over the government of SMALL.") (#$genlPreds #$geopoliticalSubdivision #$ableToControl) (#$genlPreds #$geopoliticalSubdivision #$controls) (#$genlPreds #$geopoliticalSubdivision #$geographicalSubRegions) (#$genlPreds #$geopoliticalSubdivision #$subordinateOrganizations) (#$isa #$geopoliticalSubdivision #$AsymmetricBinaryPredicate) (#$isa #$geopoliticalSubdivision #$PartPredicate) (#$isa #$geopoliticalSubdivision #$SpatialPredicate) (#$isa #$geopoliticalSubdivision #$TransitiveBinaryPredicate) (#$negationInverse #$geopoliticalSubdivision #$geopoliticalSubdivision) (#$negationInverse #$geopoliticalSubdivision #$geopoliticalSubdivision) (#$relationExistsCountAll #$geopoliticalSubdivision #$IndependentCountry #$CountrySubsidiary 1) (#$relationExistsMaxAll #$geopoliticalSubdivision #$IndependentCountry #$City 1) (#$relationInstanceAll #$geopoliticalSubdivision #$UnitedStatesOfAmerica #$State-UnitedStates) (#$typedGenlPreds #$geopoliticalSubdivision #$geographicalSubRegions) (#$typedGenlPreds #$geopoliticalSubdivision #$subordinateOrganizations) (#$comment #$GermanLanguage "In its standard version, the dominant form of High German.") (#$isa #$GermanLanguage #$Individual) (#$isa #$GermanLanguage #$LivingLanguage) (#$comment #$Germany "Germany, a medium-sized #$IndependentCountry in the north of the #$ContinentOfEurope. Germany throughout time, both political and (in a \"dualist\" microtheory) physical aspects.") (#$isa #$Germany #$Entity) (#$isa #$Germany #$GeographicalRegion) (#$isa #$Germany #$IndependentCountry) (#$isa #$Germany #$Individual) (#$isa #$Germany #$IndustrializedCountry) (#$isa #$Germany #$IndustrializedCountry) (#$comment #$Gesture "A subcollection of #$VisualInformationBearingThing. Each instance of #$Gesture is a configuration of body parts (usually animal body parts) that has some meaning to an observer with an understanding (whether explicit or instinctive) of the interpretive convention. A gesture may include some tool or prop. #$Gestures may be fleeting (e.g., a hello wave) or may last a long time (e.g., the gesture embodied in the #$StatueOfLiberty ). Note that, as defined in #$Cyc, a gesture is a meaningful configuration of body parts, NOT the #$Actions producing the arrangement. For representation of the actions, see #$MakingAGesture.") (#$genls #$Gesture #$Individual) (#$genls #$Gesture #$Signal) (#$genls #$Gesture #$Signal) (#$genls #$Gesture #$Situation-Temporal) (#$genls #$Gesture #$Situation-Temporal) (#$genls #$Gesture #$VisualInformationBearingThing) (#$genls #$Gesture #$VisualInformationBearingThing) (#$isa #$Gesture #$TemporalStuffType) (#$comment #$GiftGiving "A specialization of #$GivingSomething. In each instance of #$GiftGiving, one #$Agent intentionally gives all use rights over an object (see #$UserRightsAttribute) to another #$Agent without taking payment in return.") (#$genls #$GiftGiving #$GivingSomething) (#$genls #$GiftGiving #$Individual) (#$genls #$GiftGiving #$TransferringOwnership) (#$isa #$GiftGiving #$DefaultDisjointScriptType) (#$isa #$GiftGiving #$TemporalObjectType) (#$argIsa (#$Giga #$Watt) 0 #$SubLRealNumber) (#$argsIsa (#$Giga #$Dollar-UnitedStates) #$SubLRealNumber) (#$argsIsa (#$Giga #$Dollar-UnitedStates) #$SubLRealNumber) (#$argsIsa (#$Giga #$Watt) #$SubLRealNumber) (#$argsIsa (#$Giga #$Watt) #$SubLRealNumber) (#$argsIsa (#$Giga #$Watt) #$SubLRealNumber) (#$arityMax (#$Giga #$Dollar-UnitedStates) 2) (#$arityMax (#$Giga #$Watt) 2) (#$arityMax (#$Giga #$Watt) 2) (#$arityMin (#$Giga #$Dollar-UnitedStates) 1) (#$arityMin (#$Giga #$Watt) 1) (#$arityMin (#$Giga #$Watt) 1) (#$isa (#$Giga #$Watt) #$MKSUnitOfMeasure) (#$isa (#$Giga #$Dollar-UnitedStates) #$UnitOfMeasure) (#$isa (#$Giga #$Watt) #$UnitOfMeasure) (#$isa (#$Giga #$Dollar-UnitedStates) #$UnitOfMeasureWithPrefix) (#$isa (#$Giga #$Watt) #$UnitOfMeasureWithPrefix) (#$isa (#$Giga #$Watt) #$UnitOfPower) (#$resultIsa (#$Giga #$Dollar-UnitedStates) #$Individual) (#$resultIsa (#$Giga #$Watt) #$Individual) (#$resultIsa (#$Giga #$Dollar-UnitedStates) #$MonetaryValue) (#$resultIsa (#$Giga #$Watt) #$NonNegativeScalarInterval) (#$resultIsa (#$Giga #$Watt) #$Power) (#$resultIsa (#$Giga #$Watt) #$Rate) (#$resultIsa (#$Giga #$Dollar-UnitedStates) #$ScalarInterval) (#$resultIsa (#$Giga #$Watt) #$ScalarInterval) (#$resultIsa (#$Giga #$Watt) #$ScalarInterval) (#$resultIsa (#$Giga #$Watt) #$ScalarInterval) (#$arg1Isa #$Giga #$UnitOfMeasureNoPrefix) (#$argIsa #$Giga 1 #$UnitOfMeasureNoPrefix) (#$argIsa #$Giga 1 #$UnitOfMeasureNoPrefix) (#$arity #$Giga 1) (#$comment #$Giga "Metric unit of measure prefix indicating 10^9") (#$isa #$Giga #$IndividualDenotingFunction) (#$isa #$Giga #$MetricUnitPrefix) (#$isa #$Giga #$ReifiableFunction) (#$isa #$Giga #$UnaryFunction) (#$resultIsa #$Giga #$UnitOfMeasure) (#$resultIsa #$Giga #$UnitOfMeasureWithPrefix) (#$argIsa #$Gigabyte 0 #$SubLRealNumber) (#$argsIsa #$Gigabyte #$SubLRealNumber) (#$argsIsa #$Gigabyte #$SubLRealNumber) (#$argsIsa #$Gigabyte #$SubLRealNumber) (#$arityMax #$Gigabyte 2) (#$arityMax #$Gigabyte 2) (#$arityMin #$Gigabyte 1) (#$arityMin #$Gigabyte 1) (#$comment #$Gigabyte "A function (an instance of #$IndividualDenotingFunction and of #$UnitOfComputerStorageCapacity) used to represent a common unit of computer memory and disk capacity. Like all instances of #$UnitOfMeasure, its #$arity is variable between one and two. Its arguments must be instances of #$SubLRealNumber. If a single instance of #$SubLRealNumber is put in the argument position to this function, it returns a precise quantity of gigabytes (which is an instance of #$ComputerMemoryCapacity). If two #$SubLRealNumbers are put in the argument position, it returns an interval (which is an instance of #$ComputerMemoryCapacity). Thus, the value of (#$Gigabyte 1) is one gigabyte (approximately one thousand million #$Bytes, each with a length of 8 #$Bits). The value of (#$Gigabyte 1 2) is \"between one and two gigabytes\". See also #$Megaword, #$Word-UnitOfComputerMemory.") (#$isa #$Gigabyte #$UnitOfComputerResourceCapacity) (#$isa #$Gigabyte #$UnitOfMeasure) (#$isa #$Gigabyte #$UnitOfMeasureWithPrefix) (#$resultIsa #$Gigabyte #$ComputerMemoryCapacity) (#$resultIsa #$Gigabyte #$ComputerMemoryCapacity) (#$resultIsa #$Gigabyte #$ScalarInterval) (#$resultIsa #$Gigabyte #$ScalarInterval) (#$arg1Format #$giver #$openEntryFormatInArgs) (#$arg1Isa #$giver #$GivingSomething) (#$arg1Isa #$giver #$GivingSomething) (#$arg2Format #$giver #$singleEntryFormatInArgs) (#$arg2Isa #$giver #$Agent) (#$arg2Isa #$giver #$Agent) (#$argFormat #$giver 1 #$openEntryFormatInArgs) (#$argFormat #$giver 2 #$singleEntryFormatInArgs) (#$argIsa #$giver 2 #$Agent) (#$argIsa #$giver 2 #$Agent) (#$argIsa #$giver 2 #$Agent) (#$argIsa #$giver 1 #$GivingSomething) (#$argIsa #$giver 1 #$GivingSomething) (#$argIsa #$giver 1 #$GivingSomething) (#$arity #$giver 2) (#$comment #$giver "This predicate relates a giver to the event in which s/he/it gives. (#$giver GIVING AGENT) means that AGENT is the giver in GIVING.") (#$genlPreds #$giver #$fromPossessor) (#$genlPreds #$giver #$performedBy) (#$isa #$giver #$ActorSlot) (#$relationAllExists #$giver #$GivingSomething #$Agent) (#$relationAllExists #$giver #$GivingSomething #$PartiallyTangible) (#$relationAllExists #$giver #$GivingSomething #$TemporalThing) (#$comment #$GivingSomething "A specialization of #$TransferringPossession and #$AnimalActivity. In each instance of #$GivingSomething, one #$Agent gives a tangible thing to another #$Agent. Every event that is an instance of #$GivingSomething can also be thought of as a receiving event. Note: The common case in which one #$Agent gives ownership of an object to another #$Agent is represented by the specialization #$GiftGiving.") (#$disjointWith #$GivingSomething #$UnintendedLossOfUserRights) (#$genls #$GivingSomething #$AnimalActivity) (#$genls #$GivingSomething #$Individual) (#$genls #$GivingSomething #$TransferringPossession) (#$isa #$GivingSomething #$AccessingScriptType) (#$isa #$GivingSomething #$TemporalObjectType) (#$comment #$Glass "A specialization of #$InorganicStuff. Each instance of #$Glass is a piece of glass; e.g., a wine bottle, a plate glass window, a microscope slide, a crystal water goblet, or the mirrors of a reflecting telescope.") (#$disjointWith #$Glass #$Concrete) (#$genls #$Glass #$Individual) (#$genls #$Glass #$InorganicStuff) (#$genls #$Glass #$PartiallyTangible) (#$isa #$Glass #$TangibleStuffCompositionType) (#$isa #$Glass #$TangibleStuffStateType) (#$comment #$Gloominess "Low spirits; Depression. Without cheerfulness or optimism") (#$genls #$Gloominess #$Sadness) (#$isa #$Gloominess #$AtemporalNecessarilyEssentialCollectionType) (#$isa #$Gloominess #$FeelingType) (#$comment #$GNU-OperatingSystem "An instance of #$OperatingSystem. #$GNU-OperatingSystem is a complete free #$Unix -like #$OperatingSystem developed (and still under development) by #$GNUProject.") (#$isa #$GNU-OperatingSystem #$Individual) (#$isa #$GNU-OperatingSystem #$OpenSourceComputerProgram) (#$isa #$GNU-OperatingSystem #$OperatingSystem) (#$arg1Isa #$goals #$IntelligentAgent) (#$arg2Format #$goals #$SetTheFormat) (#$arg2Isa #$goals #$ELSentence-Assertible) (#$argFormat #$goals 2 #$SetTheFormat) (#$argIsa #$goals 2 #$ELSentence-Assertible) (#$argIsa #$goals 2 #$ELSentence-Assertible) (#$argIsa #$goals 1 #$IntelligentAgent) (#$argIsa #$goals 1 #$IntelligentAgent) (#$arity #$goals 2) (#$comment #$goals "(#$goals AGENT SENT) means that the proposition PROP expressed by the sentence SENT is the content of a goal that AGENT has. That is, one of AGENT's goals is that PROP be made (or kept) true. Goals are typically \"future-directed\": either (i) PROP is not currently true (or at least is believed by AGENT not to be currently true) and AGENT wants it to become true or (ii) PROP is currently true (or at least is believed by AGENT to be currently true) and AGENT wants it to remain true. Also, AGENT intends to play some sort of active role in bringing about the truth of PROP, and plans accordingly. This distinguishes goals from mere desires or expectations (see #$desires and #$expects). See also #$Goal and #$goalCategoryForAgent.") (#$genlPreds #$goals #$desires) (#$genlPreds #$goals #$hasOpinionAsToTruthOf) (#$isa #$goals #$BinaryPredicate) (#$isa #$goals #$PropositionalAttitudeSlot) (#$comment #$GoingToSleep "The collection of events in which an #$Animal goes from the state of being awake to being in a state of sleep.") (#$genls #$GoingToSleep #$AnimalActivity) (#$genls #$GoingToSleep #$Individual) (#$genls #$GoingToSleep #$IntrinsicStateChangeEvent) (#$genls #$GoingToSleep #$SingleDoerAction) (#$isa #$GoingToSleep #$DefaultDisjointScriptType) (#$isa #$GoingToSleep #$MammalCapabilityType) (#$isa #$GoingToSleep #$TemporalObjectType) (#$comment #$GolfCart "#$GolfCart is a specialization of both #$WheeledTransportationDevice and #$TransportationDevice-Vehicle. Each instance of #$GolfCart is a motorized vehicle that is designed for golfers to use to drive around on #$GolfCourses while they are playing #$Golf. #$GolfCarts drive very slowly compared with #$Automobiles.") (#$genls #$GolfCart #$Individual) (#$genls #$GolfCart #$PhysicalDevice) (#$genls #$GolfCart #$TransportationContainerProduct) (#$genls #$GolfCart #$TransportationDevice-Vehicle) (#$genls #$GolfCart #$WheeledTransportationDevice) (#$isa #$GolfCart #$ExistingObjectType) (#$isa #$GolfCart #$ProductByGenericType) (#$isa #$GolfCart #$ProductType) (#$genls #$Good-ProblemProvabilityStatus #$CycProvabilityStatus) (#$isa #$Good-ProblemProvabilityStatus #$CoreImplementationConstant) (#$isa #$Good-ProblemProvabilityStatus #$ObjectType) (#$comment #$GoodWill "Emotion manifested by interest in another person (or, more rarely, in some nonhuman agent), good will towards that individual, and an inclination to favor him or her (or it). This is a #$Collection --- for an explanation of that, see #$Happiness.") (#$genls #$GoodWill #$FeelingAttribute) (#$isa #$GoodWill #$AtemporalNecessarilyEssentialCollectionType) (#$isa #$GoodWill #$FeelingType) (#$arg1Isa #$governedByAgreement #$HumanActivity) (#$arg1Isa #$governedByAgreement #$HumanActivity) (#$arg2Isa #$governedByAgreement #$Agreement) (#$arg2Isa #$governedByAgreement #$Agreement) (#$argIsa #$governedByAgreement 2 #$Agreement) (#$argIsa #$governedByAgreement 2 #$Agreement) (#$argIsa #$governedByAgreement 2 #$Agreement) (#$argIsa #$governedByAgreement 1 #$HumanActivity) (#$argIsa #$governedByAgreement 1 #$HumanActivity) (#$argIsa #$governedByAgreement 1 #$HumanActivity) (#$arity #$governedByAgreement 2) (#$comment #$governedByAgreement "The predicate #$governedByAgreement relates an event to an agreement that stipulates something with respect to it, such as certain conditions that are to hold during the event, or whether the event should or should not occur. (#$governedByAgreement EVT AGR) means that some aspects of the instance of #$HumanActivity EVT are controlled by, or 'under the jurisdiction of', the instance of #$Agreement AGR. For example, a #$BuyingGroup may have #$SalesContracts with its #$suppliers that specify what prices may be charged for goods bought by members of the group during the agreement period. But note that an event's being governed by an agreement does not entail that the event conforms to what the agreement stipulates: an act that violates the agreement is still governed by it.") (#$genlPreds #$governedByAgreement #$preActors) (#$isa #$governedByAgreement #$ActorSlot) (#$sharedNotes #$governedByAgreement #$AgreementNote) (#$minimizeExtent #$governedByAgreement) (#$arg1Isa #$governingBody #$Organization) (#$arg1Isa #$governingBody #$Organization) (#$arg2Isa #$governingBody #$Organization) (#$arg2Isa #$governingBody #$Organization) (#$argIsa #$governingBody 1 #$Organization) (#$argIsa #$governingBody 1 #$Organization) (#$argIsa #$governingBody 1 #$Organization) (#$argIsa #$governingBody 2 #$Organization) (#$argIsa #$governingBody 2 #$Organization) (#$argIsa #$governingBody 2 #$Organization) (#$arity #$governingBody 2) (#$comment #$governingBody "The predicate #$governingBody identifies the suborganization which has governing authority over a particular organization. (#$governingBody ORG GOVORG) means that GOVORG sets the policies and rules for ORG. GOVORG is recognized, at least informally, and effectively functions by administering the internal and external affairs of ORG, whether or not the relationship is rigidly defined. An important specialization of this predicate is #$government, which relates a #$GeopoliticalEntity to its #$RegionalGovernment.") (#$genlPreds #$governingBody #$temporallyIntersects) (#$isa #$governingBody #$BinaryPredicate) (#$arg1Format #$government #$SingleEntry) (#$arg1Isa #$government #$GeopoliticalEntity) (#$arg1Isa #$government #$GeopoliticalEntity) (#$arg2Format #$government #$SingleEntry) (#$arg2Isa #$government #$RegionalGovernment) (#$arg2Isa #$government #$RegionalGovernment) (#$argFormat #$government 1 #$SingleEntry) (#$argFormat #$government 2 #$SingleEntry) (#$argIsa #$government 1 #$GeopoliticalEntity) (#$argIsa #$government 1 #$GeopoliticalEntity) (#$argIsa #$government 1 #$GeopoliticalEntity) (#$argIsa #$government 2 #$RegionalGovernment) (#$argIsa #$government 2 #$RegionalGovernment) (#$argIsa #$government 2 #$RegionalGovernment) (#$arity #$government 2) (#$comment #$government "The predicate #$government identifies the political entity which has governing authority over a particular geopolitical region. (#$government GEOPOL GOV) means that the #$RegionalGovernment GOV is the government of the #$GeopoliticalEntity GEOPOL. That is, GOV claims to be the government of GEOPOL, is recognized as such at least informally, and effectively functions as such (by administering the internal and external affairs of GEOPOL), whether or not GOV has formal diplomatic recognition. Effectively functioning as a #$government includes having the power to settle disputes, collect revenue, and provide services.") (#$functionalInArgs #$government 1) (#$functionalInArgs #$government 2) (#$genlPreds #$government #$governingBody) (#$interArgIsa2-1 #$government #$GovernmentOfCountry #$Country) (#$interArgIsa2-1 #$government #$CountyGovernment #$County) (#$isa #$government #$AntiTransitiveBinaryPredicate) (#$isa #$government #$AsymmetricBinaryPredicate) (#$isa #$government #$CotemporalObjectsSlot) (#$isa #$government #$StrictlyFunctionalSlot) (#$negationInverse #$government #$government) (#$relationAllExistsCount #$government #$IndependentCountry #$GovernmentOfCountry 1) (#$relationAllExists #$government #$Country #$GovernmentOfCountry) (#$relationExistsAll #$government #$Country #$GovernmentOfCountry) (#$strictlyFunctionalInArgs #$government 1) (#$strictlyFunctionalInArgs #$government 2) (#$comment #$GovernmentAgency "#$GovernmentAgency is a specialization of #$GovernmentalOrganization. Each instance of #$GovernmentAgency which is a proper #$subOrganizations of other #$GovernmentalOrganizations.") (#$genls #$GovernmentAgency #$GovernmentalOrganization) (#$genls #$GovernmentAgency #$Individual) (#$isa #$GovernmentAgency #$ExistingObjectType) (#$comment #$GovernmentalOrganization "#$GovernmentalOrganization is a specialization of #$Organization. Each instance of #$GovernmentalOrganization is an organization that is governmental, either departments of one particular government (e.g., the #$FederalCommunicationsCommission) or confederations or cooperative groups consisting of different governments or representatives from a number of different governments (e.g., #$OPEC). Because instances of #$GovernmentalOrganization cannot properly be said to have owners (rather, they have members), they are not instances of #$CommercialOrganization, and, hence, the two collections, #$GovernmentalOrganization and #$CommercialOrganization, are disjoint.") (#$disjointWith #$GovernmentalOrganization #$PrivateSectorOrganization) (#$disjointWith #$GovernmentalOrganization #$PrivateSectorOrganization) (#$genls #$GovernmentalOrganization #$Individual) (#$genls #$GovernmentalOrganization #$Organization) (#$isa #$GovernmentalOrganization #$ExistingObjectType) (#$isa #$GovernmentalOrganization #$ObjectType) (#$comment #$GovernmentCOC "A collection of microtheories; a subcollection of #$FormalCOC (the collection of formal codes of conduct). Each instance of #$GovernmentCOC is a formal regulation of behavior imposed upon agents -- including citizens, tourists, businesses, government entities, etc., in so far as they are subject to it -- who are located within the legal jurisdiction where that code of conduct holds. #$GovernmentCOC includes both individual laws and whole legal codes. Some examples of #$GovernmentCOC include: the Napoleonic Code, the United States Constitution and all Federal, State, and local laws of the United States, and the particular laws against stealing found in most, if not all, countries. Enforcement of a particular instance of #$GovernmentCOC is authorized by the government associated with that code and carried out by its agents within their jurisdiction(s). See also #$LegalCode and #$Law.") (#$genls #$GovernmentCOC #$FormalCOC) (#$genls #$GovernmentCOC #$Microtheory) (#$isa #$GovernmentCOC #$ExistingObjectType) (#$isa #$GovernmentCOC #$MicrotheoryType) (#$comment #$GovernmentEmployee "A specialization of #$PublicSectorEmployee. Each instance of #$GovernmentEmployee is a person employed by some government. The government in question may be the government of any instance of #$GeopoliticalEntity, including a city, county, province, or nation-state.") (#$genls #$GovernmentEmployee #$Individual) (#$genls #$GovernmentEmployee #$PublicSectorEmployee) (#$isa #$GovernmentEmployee #$PersonTypeByOccupation) (#$isa (#$GovernmentFn #$Australia) #$GovernmentOfCountry) (#$isa (#$GovernmentFn #$Belgium) #$GovernmentOfCountry) (#$isa (#$GovernmentFn #$China-PeoplesRepublic) #$GovernmentOfCountry) (#$isa (#$GovernmentFn #$Japan) #$GovernmentOfCountry) (#$isa (#$GovernmentFn #$Russia) #$GovernmentOfCountry) (#$isa (#$GovernmentFn #$Taiwan-RepublicOfChina) #$GovernmentOfCountry) (#$isa (#$GovernmentFn #$UnitedStatesOfAmerica) #$GovernmentOfCountry) (#$isa (#$GovernmentFn #$Australia) #$Individual) (#$isa (#$GovernmentFn #$Belgium) #$Individual) (#$isa (#$GovernmentFn #$China-PeoplesRepublic) #$Individual) (#$isa (#$GovernmentFn #$Japan) #$Individual) (#$isa (#$GovernmentFn #$Russia) #$Individual) (#$isa (#$GovernmentFn #$Taiwan-RepublicOfChina) #$Individual) (#$isa (#$GovernmentFn #$UnitedStatesOfAmerica) #$Individual) (#$isa (#$GovernmentFn #$Australia) #$RegionalGovernment) (#$isa (#$GovernmentFn #$Belgium) #$RegionalGovernment) (#$isa (#$GovernmentFn #$Belgium) #$RegionalGovernment) (#$isa (#$GovernmentFn #$China-PeoplesRepublic) #$RegionalGovernment) (#$isa (#$GovernmentFn #$Japan) #$RegionalGovernment) (#$isa (#$GovernmentFn #$Russia) #$RegionalGovernment) (#$isa (#$GovernmentFn #$Taiwan-RepublicOfChina) #$RegionalGovernment) (#$isa (#$GovernmentFn #$UnitedStatesOfAmerica) #$RegionalGovernment) (#$arg1Isa #$GovernmentFn #$GeopoliticalEntity) (#$arg1Isa #$GovernmentFn #$GeopoliticalEntity) (#$argIsa #$GovernmentFn 1 #$GeopoliticalEntity) (#$argIsa #$GovernmentFn 1 #$GeopoliticalEntity) (#$argIsa #$GovernmentFn 1 #$GeopoliticalEntity) (#$arity #$GovernmentFn 1) (#$comment #$GovernmentFn "An instance of both #$IndividualDenotingFunction and #$ReifiableFunction. Given an instance GEOPOL of #$GeopoliticalEntity as its single argument, #$GovernmentFn returns the instance of #$RegionalGovernment (q.v.) that governs GEOPOL. For instance, (#$GovernmentFn #$Belgium) is the government of Belgium.") (#$functionCorrespondingPredicate-Canonical #$GovernmentFn #$government 2) (#$interArgResultIsa #$GovernmentFn 1 #$Country #$GovernmentOfCountry) (#$interArgResultIsa #$GovernmentFn 1 #$County #$CountyGovernment) (#$isa #$GovernmentFn #$Function-Denotational) (#$isa #$GovernmentFn #$IndividualDenotingFunction) (#$isa #$GovernmentFn #$MacroRelation) (#$isa #$GovernmentFn #$ReifiableFunction) (#$isa #$GovernmentFn #$UnaryFunction) (#$resultIsa #$GovernmentFn #$Individual) (#$resultIsa #$GovernmentFn #$RegionalGovernment) (#$comment #$GovernmentLeaderNote "The distinction between #$HeadOfGovernment and #$HeadOfState is a subtle one. #$HeadOfGovernment is the collection of #$Leaders who actually run the government. #$HeadOfState is the collection of #$Leaders who are mainly ceremonial figures, fulfilling diplomatic roles such as hosting foreign dignitaries. For a given #$Country, these two roles may be filled by the same person, such as #$BillClinton for the #$UnitedStatesOfAmerica in 1996, or by two separate individuals; for example, in 1996 the #$HeadOfState for #$GreatBritain-TheIsland would be #$QueenElizabethII, while the #$HeadOfGovernment would be John Major (#$PrimeMinister-HeadOfGovernment). Cyc constant names indicate which government role is associated with a particular title; e.g., #$Sultan-HeadOfGovernment vs. #$Sultan-HeadOfState.") (#$isa #$GovernmentLeaderNote #$List) (#$isa #$GovernmentLeaderNote #$SharedNote) (#$comment #$GovernmentMilitaryOrganization "A specialization of both #$MilitaryOrganization and #$LegalGovernmentOrganization. Each instance of #$GovernmentMilitaryOrganization is a military organization belonging to, and directed by, the governing body of a geographical region or international organization. The governing body in question may be a national government, a state or provincial government, or an international governing body such as the #$UnitedNationsOrganization. Important specializations of this collection include #$Army-BranchOfService, #$Navy, and #$AirForce. This collection excludes private armies and mercenary forces.") (#$disjointWith #$GovernmentMilitaryOrganization #$CountyGovernment) (#$disjointWith #$GovernmentMilitaryOrganization #$DiplomaticMission-ThePost) (#$disjointWith #$GovernmentMilitaryOrganization #$RegionalGovernment) (#$genls #$GovernmentMilitaryOrganization #$Individual) (#$genls #$GovernmentMilitaryOrganization #$LegalGovernmentOrganization) (#$genls #$GovernmentMilitaryOrganization #$MilitaryOrganization) (#$genls #$GovernmentMilitaryOrganization (#$GroupFn #$MilitaryPerson)) (#$isa #$GovernmentMilitaryOrganization #$ExistingObjectType) (#$comment #$GovernmentOfCountry "A specialization of #$RegionalGovernment. Each instance of #$GovernmentOfCountry is the government of some instance of #$Country. A notable instance of #$GovernmentOfCountry is #$UnitedStatesFederalGovernment.") (#$genls #$GovernmentOfCountry #$Individual) (#$genls #$GovernmentOfCountry #$RegionalGovernment) (#$isa #$GovernmentOfCountry #$ExistingObjectType) (#$argIsa #$Gram 0 #$SubLRealNumber) (#$argsIsa #$Gram #$SubLRealNumber) (#$argsIsa #$Gram #$SubLRealNumber) (#$arityMax #$Gram 2) (#$arityMax #$Gram 2) (#$arityMin #$Gram 1) (#$arityMin #$Gram 1) (#$comment #$Gram "The measurement function used in Cyc to represent the gram used within the Metric system to measure mass. See also #$CGSUnitOfMeasure, #$UnitOfMeasure.") (#$isa #$Gram #$CGSUnitOfMeasure) (#$isa #$Gram #$UnitOfMass) (#$isa #$Gram #$UnitOfMeasureNoPrefix) (#$resultIsa #$Gram #$Individual) (#$resultIsa #$Gram #$Mass) (#$resultIsa #$Gram #$ScalarInterval) (#$genlMt #$GrammarInUseTemplateMt #$BaseKB) (#$genlMt #$GrammarInUseTemplateMt #$EnglishTemplateMt) (#$isa #$GrammarInUseTemplateMt #$Microtheory) (#$isa #$GrammarInUseTemplateMt #$TemplateParsingMicrotheory) (#$arg1Isa #$grandchildren #$Animal) (#$arg1Isa #$grandchildren #$Animal) (#$arg2Format #$grandchildren #$SetTheFormat) (#$arg2Isa #$grandchildren #$Animal) (#$arg2Isa #$grandchildren #$Animal) (#$argFormat #$grandchildren 2 #$SetTheFormat) (#$argIsa #$grandchildren 1 #$Animal) (#$argIsa #$grandchildren 1 #$Animal) (#$argIsa #$grandchildren 1 #$Animal) (#$argIsa #$grandchildren 2 #$Animal) (#$argIsa #$grandchildren 2 #$Animal) (#$argIsa #$grandchildren 2 #$Animal) (#$arity #$grandchildren 2) (#$comment #$grandchildren "An instance of #$FamilyRelationSlot. (#$grandchildren OLDER YOUNGER) means that YOUNGER is a child (see the predicate #$children) of a child of OLDER.") (#$genlPreds #$grandchildren #$coreRelatives) (#$isa #$grandchildren #$AsymmetricBinaryPredicate) (#$isa #$grandchildren #$BinaryPredicate) (#$isa #$grandchildren #$FamilyRelationSlot) (#$isa #$grandchildren #$InterExistingObjectPredicate) (#$isa #$grandchildren #$InterExistingObjectPredicate) (#$negationInverse #$grandchildren #$grandchildren) (#$relationExistsAll #$grandchildren #$Animal #$Animal) (#$relationExistsInstance #$grandchildren #$Animal (#$GenericInstanceFn #$Dog)) (#$comment #$GranularFluid "A specialization of #$FluidTangibleThing. Each instance of #$GranularFluid is a mass of some granular substance (where a granular substance is any instance SUBSTANCE of #$PartiallyTangible for which (#$physicalStructuralAttributes SUBSTANCE #$Granular) holds) which is in sufficient quantity to behave largely as a liquid. Instances of #$GranularFluid assume the shapes of their containers, and they are capable of being poured and stirred (as in food preparation).") (#$genls #$GranularFluid #$FluidTangibleThing) (#$genls #$GranularFluid #$FluidTangibleThing) (#$genls #$GranularFluid #$Individual) (#$genls #$GranularFluid (#$MobFn #$Particle)) (#$isa #$GranularFluid #$TangibleStuffStateType) (#$arg1Format #$granuleOfSpatialStuff #$SingleEntry) (#$arg1Genl #$granuleOfSpatialStuff #$PartiallyTangible) (#$arg1Isa #$granuleOfSpatialStuff #$ExistingStuffType) (#$arg2Format #$granuleOfSpatialStuff #$SetTheFormat) (#$arg2Genl #$granuleOfSpatialStuff #$PartiallyTangible) (#$arg2Isa #$granuleOfSpatialStuff #$ExistingObjectType) (#$argFormat #$granuleOfSpatialStuff 2 #$SetTheFormat) (#$argFormat #$granuleOfSpatialStuff 1 #$SingleEntry) (#$argGenl #$granuleOfSpatialStuff 1 #$PartiallyTangible) (#$argGenl #$granuleOfSpatialStuff 1 #$PartiallyTangible) (#$argGenl #$granuleOfSpatialStuff 2 #$PartiallyTangible) (#$argGenl #$granuleOfSpatialStuff 2 #$PartiallyTangible) (#$argIsa #$granuleOfSpatialStuff 2 #$ExistingObjectType) (#$argIsa #$granuleOfSpatialStuff 2 #$ExistingObjectType) (#$argIsa #$granuleOfSpatialStuff 1 #$ExistingStuffType) (#$argIsa #$granuleOfSpatialStuff 1 #$ExistingStuffType) (#$arity #$granuleOfSpatialStuff 2) (#$comment #$granuleOfSpatialStuff "(#$granuleOfSpatialStuff STUFFTYPE OBJTYPE) means that the collection STUFFTYPE has as its spatial granules (or granularity level) the collection OBJTYPE. If some collection is spatially stuff-like, that means that the instances of that collection can be divided spatially, and the physical portions remaining will still be instances of that collection; e.g., a physical portion of some instance of #$SandMob is still sand (cf. #$ExistingStuffType). Such division cannot go on indefinitely in this way, however: eventually, division of something spatially stuff-like will result in the object-like 'granules' out of which the stuff-like thing is composed. For instances, division of sand would eventually result in individual grains of sand, division of water would eventually get down to individual molecules of water, etc. Below this level of division, the remaining physical portions do NOT count as instances of the stuff-type from which they were divided. _At_ this level of division, things may go one way or another: a single molecule of water is #$Water (at least if we stick by the necessary identity of water and H2O), whereas a single grain of sand is not plausibly sand.") (#$genlPreds #$granuleOfSpatialStuff #$granuleOfStuff) (#$isa #$granuleOfSpatialStuff #$BinaryPredicate) (#$isa #$granuleOfSpatialStuff #$FunctionalPredicate) (#$strictlyFunctionalInArgs #$granuleOfSpatialStuff 1) (#$arg1Genl #$granuleOfStuff #$Individual) (#$arg1Isa #$granuleOfStuff #$StuffType) (#$arg2Format #$granuleOfStuff #$SetTheFormat) (#$arg2Genl #$granuleOfStuff #$Individual) (#$arg2Isa #$granuleOfStuff #$ObjectType) (#$argFormat #$granuleOfStuff 2 #$SetTheFormat) (#$argGenl #$granuleOfStuff 1 #$Individual) (#$argGenl #$granuleOfStuff 1 #$Individual) (#$argGenl #$granuleOfStuff 2 #$Individual) (#$argGenl #$granuleOfStuff 2 #$Individual) (#$argIsa #$granuleOfStuff 2 #$ObjectType) (#$argIsa #$granuleOfStuff 2 #$ObjectType) (#$argIsa #$granuleOfStuff 1 #$StuffType) (#$argIsa #$granuleOfStuff 1 #$StuffType) (#$arity #$granuleOfStuff 2) (#$comment #$granuleOfStuff "This predicate relates instances of #$StuffType to the type of object whose instances act as the \"granules\" of instances of the collection. (#$granuleOfStuff STUFFTYPE OBJECTTYPE) means that if STUFF is an instance of STUFFTYPE and STUFFPART is any self-connected subdivision of STUFF, then: (i) if STUFFPART is \"larger\" than an instance of OBJECTTYPE it must itself be an instance of STUFFTYPE, (ii) if STUFFPART is equal to or \"smaller\" than an instance of OBJECTTYPE it is not necessarily an instance of STUFFTYPE, and (iii) there is no other instance of #$ObjectType for which (i) and (ii) hold and such that its own instances are comparably \"smaller\" than those of OBJECTTYPE. This applies to specs of #$PartiallyTangible, #$Situation, and #$AbstractInformationalThing. For instance, consider an instance of #$CharacterString. If we take a substring (a connected piece) of the string (see #$substring) the result will be a new instance of #$CharacterString. However, we could not take a single character in the string (#$Character-Abstract) and further divide it into new character strings. Hence the granularity level for a character string is #$Character-Abstract. Note that one will likely want to use specializations of this predicate for most temporal and/or spatial stuff types, i.e., #$granuleOfTemporalStuff or #$granuleOfSpatialStuff. Also note that, unlike its specializations, #$granuleOfStuff is not, at this time (Oct. 2000), a specialization of #$disjointWith. We would not, for instance, want to insist that instances of #$Character-Abstract cannot be instances of #$CharacterString.") (#$isa #$granuleOfStuff #$BinaryPredicate) (#$arg1Genl #$granuleOfTemporalStuff #$TemporalThing) (#$arg1Isa #$granuleOfTemporalStuff #$TemporalStuffType) (#$arg2Format #$granuleOfTemporalStuff #$SetTheFormat) (#$arg2Genl #$granuleOfTemporalStuff #$TemporalThing) (#$arg2Isa #$granuleOfTemporalStuff #$TemporalObjectType) (#$argFormat #$granuleOfTemporalStuff 2 #$SetTheFormat) (#$argGenl #$granuleOfTemporalStuff 1 #$TemporalThing) (#$argGenl #$granuleOfTemporalStuff 1 #$TemporalThing) (#$argGenl #$granuleOfTemporalStuff 2 #$TemporalThing) (#$argGenl #$granuleOfTemporalStuff 2 #$TemporalThing) (#$argIsa #$granuleOfTemporalStuff 2 #$TemporalObjectType) (#$argIsa #$granuleOfTemporalStuff 2 #$TemporalObjectType) (#$argIsa #$granuleOfTemporalStuff 1 #$TemporalStuffType) (#$argIsa #$granuleOfTemporalStuff 1 #$TemporalStuffType) (#$arity #$granuleOfTemporalStuff 2) (#$comment #$granuleOfTemporalStuff "(#$granuleOfTemporalStuff STUFFTYPE OBJTYPE) means that the collection STUFFTYPE has as its temporal granules (or granularity level) the collection OBJTYPE. If some collection is temporally stuff-like, that means that the instances of that collection can be divided temporally, and the temporal slices remaining will still be instances of that collection; e.g., a time slice of some instance of #$Person is still a person, and a temporal slice of a walking process is still a walking process (cf. #$TemporalStuffType). Such division cannot always go on indefinitely, however: eventually, division of something temporally stuff-like will result in the temporally object-like 'granules' out of which the stuff-like thing is composed. For instances, division of a walking process would eventually result in individual steps. At this level of division or below, the remaining temporal slices do NOT count as instances of the temporal stuff-type from which they were divided. This may seem counter-intuitive, but since the individual temporal granules of a temporal stuff typically do NOT have most of the properties that the groups made of the granules have (including the property of being temporally stuff-like), we do not count the individual granules as instances of the collection of which they are granules. See also #$granuleOfSpatialStuff.") (#$genlPreds #$granuleOfTemporalStuff #$disjointWith) (#$genlPreds #$granuleOfTemporalStuff #$granuleOfStuff) (#$isa #$granuleOfTemporalStuff #$BinaryPredicate) (#$comment #$GraspingImplement "#$GraspingImplement is a specialization of #$HandTool. Each instance of #$GraspingImplement is a tool which is intended to be used to grasp (and often to subsequently immobilize or control the location/movement of) some other solid object. Specializations of #$GraspingImplement include #$Vise, #$Forceps, and #$Tweezers.") (#$genls #$GraspingImplement #$HandTool) (#$genls #$GraspingImplement #$Individual) (#$isa #$GraspingImplement #$ExistingObjectType) (#$comment #$GraspingSomethingWithATool "A collection of the events in which a tool is used to grasp some object.") (#$genls #$GraspingSomethingWithATool #$HandlingADevice) (#$genls #$GraspingSomethingWithATool #$HoldingAnObject) (#$genls #$GraspingSomethingWithATool #$Individual) (#$isa #$GraspingSomethingWithATool #$DefaultDisjointScriptType) (#$isa #$GraspingSomethingWithATool #$TemporalStuffType) (#$comment #$Grassland "Grassy land with deep, rich soil and few trees or shrubs.") (#$genls #$Grassland #$GeographicalRegion) (#$genls #$Grassland #$Individual) (#$genls #$Grassland #$Plain-Topographical) (#$isa #$Grassland #$ClimaticTerrainType) (#$isa #$Grassland #$ExistingStuffType) (#$comment #$Grassy-G "Characteristic attribute arid-to-temperate #$EcologicalRegions where grasses predominate, also of human-tended regions where #$GrassTurf has been extensively planted and maintained. Its vegetation map code is (G).") (#$isa #$Grassy-G #$AttributeValue) (#$isa #$Grassy-G #$TerrainAttribute-Vegetation) (#$comment #$Grateful "A specialization of #$IntelligentAgent. Each instance is an agent in the emotional state of being grateful. Use this constant with a #$GenericValueFunction to denote a collection of agents that are in this emotional state to some varying degree.") (#$genls #$Grateful #$Individual) (#$genls #$Grateful #$IntelligentAgent) (#$isa #$Grateful #$AgentTypeByEmotionalState) (#$isa #$Grateful #$FirstOrderCollection) (#$comment #$Gratitude "A feeling of appreciation towards another agent for a benefit or favor received from him/her. This is a #$Collection --- for an explanation of that, see #$Happiness.") (#$genls #$Gratitude #$FeelingAttribute) (#$isa #$Gratitude #$AtemporalNecessarilyEssentialCollectionType) (#$isa #$Gratitude #$FeelingType) (#$arg1Format #$greaterThan #$SetTheFormat) (#$arg1Isa #$greaterThan #$ScalarInterval) (#$arg2Format #$greaterThan #$SetTheFormat) (#$arg2Isa #$greaterThan #$ScalarInterval) (#$argFormat #$greaterThan 1 #$SetTheFormat) (#$argFormat #$greaterThan 2 #$SetTheFormat) (#$argIsa #$greaterThan 1 #$ScalarInterval) (#$argIsa #$greaterThan 1 #$ScalarInterval) (#$argIsa #$greaterThan 2 #$ScalarInterval) (#$argIsa #$greaterThan 2 #$ScalarInterval) (#$arity #$greaterThan 2) (#$comment #$greaterThan "A #$NumericComparisonPredicate that is a generalization of the mathematical greater-than ( > ) relation to #$ScalarIntervals (q.v.) of all sorts, including quantitative intervals as well as point values (see #$ScalarPointValue). (#$greaterThan VALUE1 VALUE2) means that VALUE1 is greater than VALUE2 with respect to some scale that they are both on. More precisely, there is some #$TotallyOrderedScalarIntervalType SCALE that both VALUE1 and VALUE2 are instances of and either (i) SCALE is a specialization of #$NumericValue (e.g. #$RealNumber) and the minimum (see #$minQuantValue) of VALUE1 is greater than the maximum (see #$maxQuantValue) of VALUE2 or (ii) (#$followingValueOnScale VALUE2 VALUE1 SCALE) holds.") (#$elInverse #$greaterThan #$lessThan) (#$genlPreds #$greaterThan #$greaterThanOrEqualTo) (#$isa #$greaterThan #$AntiSymmetricBinaryPredicate) (#$isa #$greaterThan #$AsymmetricBinaryPredicate) (#$isa #$greaterThan #$CoreConstant) (#$isa #$greaterThan #$EvaluatablePredicate) (#$isa #$greaterThan #$EvaluatableRelation) (#$isa #$greaterThan #$NumericComparisonPredicate) (#$isa #$greaterThan #$ObjectPredicate) (#$isa #$greaterThan #$TransitiveBinaryPredicate) (#$negationInverse #$greaterThan #$greaterThan) (#$relationAllInstance #$greaterThan #$PositiveNumber 0) (#$relationInstanceAll #$greaterThan 0 #$NegativeNumber) (#$sharedNotes #$greaterThan #$NoteAboutScalarIntervalMaxAndMin) (#$arg1Format #$greaterThanOrEqualTo #$SetTheFormat) (#$arg1Isa #$greaterThanOrEqualTo #$ScalarInterval) (#$arg2Format #$greaterThanOrEqualTo #$SetTheFormat) (#$arg2Isa #$greaterThanOrEqualTo #$ScalarInterval) (#$argFormat #$greaterThanOrEqualTo 1 #$SetTheFormat) (#$argFormat #$greaterThanOrEqualTo 2 #$SetTheFormat) (#$argIsa #$greaterThanOrEqualTo 1 #$ScalarInterval) (#$argIsa #$greaterThanOrEqualTo 1 #$ScalarInterval) (#$argIsa #$greaterThanOrEqualTo 2 #$ScalarInterval) (#$argIsa #$greaterThanOrEqualTo 2 #$ScalarInterval) (#$arity #$greaterThanOrEqualTo 2) (#$comment #$greaterThanOrEqualTo "A #$NumericComparisonPredicate that is a generalization of the mathematical greater-than-or equal-to ( >= ) relation to #$ScalarIntervals (q.v.) of all sorts, including quantitative intervals as well as point values (see #$ScalarPointValue). (#$greaterThanOrEqualTo VALUE1 VALUE2) means that VALUE1 is greater than or equal to VALUE2 with respect to some scale that they are both on. More precisely, there is some #$TotallyOrderedScalarIntervalType SCALE that both VALUE1 and VALUE2 are instances of and either (i) SCALE is a specialization of #$NumericValue (e.g. #$RealNumber) and the minimum (see #$minQuantValue) of VALUE1 is greater than or equal to the maximum (see #$maxQuantValue) of VALUE2, (ii) (#$followingValueOnScale VALUE2 VALUE1 SCALE) holds, or (iii) (#$equals VALUE1 VALUE2) holds. See also #$lessThanOrEqualTo.") (#$elInverse #$greaterThanOrEqualTo #$lessThanOrEqualTo) (#$isa #$greaterThanOrEqualTo #$AntiSymmetricBinaryPredicate) (#$isa #$greaterThanOrEqualTo #$CoreConstant) (#$isa #$greaterThanOrEqualTo #$EvaluatablePredicate) (#$isa #$greaterThanOrEqualTo #$EvaluatableRelation) (#$isa #$greaterThanOrEqualTo #$IntangibleObjectPredicate) (#$isa #$greaterThanOrEqualTo #$NumericComparisonPredicate) (#$isa #$greaterThanOrEqualTo #$ReflexiveBinaryPredicate) (#$isa #$greaterThanOrEqualTo #$TransitiveBinaryPredicate) (#$negationPreds #$greaterThanOrEqualTo #$lessThan) (#$relationAllInstance #$greaterThanOrEqualTo #$NonNegativeNumber 0) (#$sharedNotes #$greaterThanOrEqualTo #$NoteAboutScalarIntervalMaxAndMin) (#$comment #$GreetingSomeone "The collection of actions performed by one #$Agent to greet another. Includes verbal and physical greetings.") (#$genls #$GreetingSomeone #$CommunicationAct-Single) (#$genls #$GreetingSomeone #$Individual) (#$genls #$GreetingSomeone #$SociabilityBasedAction) (#$isa #$GreetingSomeone #$DefaultDisjointScriptType) (#$isa #$GreetingSomeone #$TemporalObjectType) (#$subEventTypes #$GreetingSomeone #$IBTGeneration-Original) (#$comment #$Grief "Intense emotional suffering or poignant distress caused by or as if by bereavement") (#$genls #$Grief #$Depression-Feeling) (#$isa #$Grief #$AtemporalNecessarilyEssentialCollectionType) (#$isa #$Grief #$FeelingType) (#$comment #$GrillingFood "A specialization of #$CookingFood. In each instance of #$GrillingFood, food is placed on a cooking utensil consisting of several parallel metal bars, where the food is exposed to direct radiant heat from below.") (#$disjointWith #$GrillingFood #$Frying) (#$disjointWith #$GrillingFood #$Microwaving) (#$disjointWith #$GrillingFood #$SteamingFood) (#$genls #$GrillingFood #$CookingFood) (#$genls #$GrillingFood #$Individual) (#$isa #$GrillingFood #$TemporalStuffType) (#$comment #$GroundHasPermaFrost "A specialization of #$GeographicalRegion. Each instance has a layer of permanently frozen ground insulated by a shallow layer of soil that thaws during the spring and summer.") (#$genls #$GroundHasPermaFrost #$FixedTerrainGeologicalRegion) (#$genls #$GroundHasPermaFrost #$Individual) (#$isa #$GroundHasPermaFrost #$TemporalStuffType) (#$arg1Isa #$groundOf #$PartiallyTangible) (#$arg1Isa #$groundOf #$PartiallyTangible) (#$arg2Isa #$groundOf #$Surface-Physical) (#$arg2Isa #$groundOf #$Surface-Physical) (#$argIsa #$groundOf 1 #$PartiallyTangible) (#$argIsa #$groundOf 1 #$PartiallyTangible) (#$argIsa #$groundOf 1 #$PartiallyTangible) (#$argIsa #$groundOf 2 #$Surface-Physical) (#$argIsa #$groundOf 2 #$Surface-Physical) (#$argIsa #$groundOf 2 #$Surface-Physical) (#$arity #$groundOf 2) (#$comment #$groundOf "(#$groundOf OBJ GROUND) means that GROUND is the stationary surface on which OBJ is located and possibly supported.") (#$genlPreds #$groundOf #$above-Touching) (#$isa #$groundOf #$BinaryPredicate) (#$isa #$groundOf #$SpatialPredicate) (#$comment #$GroundsOfOrganization "A specialization of #$GeographicalRegion. Each instance of #$GroundsOfOrganization is an area which contains buildings inhabited by some organization. Notable specializations of #$GroundsOfOrganization include #$Campus and #$MilitaryBase-Grounds.") (#$genls #$GroundsOfOrganization #$Individual) (#$genls #$GroundsOfOrganization #$OutdoorLocation) (#$genls #$GroundsOfOrganization #$RealEstate) (#$isa #$GroundsOfOrganization #$ExistingObjectType) (#$comment #$Group "A collection of temporal objects. Each instance of #$Group is a composite object made up of one or more individual objects or events. A group is related to each of its members by the predicate #$groupMembers (q.v.). Note that instances of #$Group are _not_ collections. A group has temporal extent and might have spatial location, while a collection is timeless and nonspatial. It is of course possible to define a collection parallel to any given group, so that the instances of the collection are exactly the group-members of that group; e.g. each toe on my left foot (and nothing else) is both an instance of the collection of my left toes and a member of the group of toes on my left foot. But that group (of my left toes) is a spatiotemporal thing while the correlated collection (of my left toes) is not. Similarly, if a certain flock of pigeons is considered as having a location, a spatial extent, and a time of existence, then the flock is being considered a _group_ and not a collection. Finally, unlike a collection, a group cannot be empty, but must have _at_least_one_ group-member. As a default, a group whose group-members all are instances of #$SomethingExisting is itself an instance of #$SomethingExisting, and a group whose group-members all are #$Events is itself an #$Event. Instances of #$Group include #$QueensGuard, #$ThreeWiseMen, #$SantasReindeer, and #$InternationalCommunity.") (#$genls #$Group #$Individual) (#$genls #$Group #$TemporalThing) (#$isa #$Group #$ObjectType) (#$arg1Isa #$groupCardinality #$Group) (#$arg2Format #$groupCardinality #$IntervalEntry) (#$arg2Format #$groupCardinality #$SingleEntry) (#$arg2Isa #$groupCardinality #$Cardinal-Mathematical) (#$argFormat #$groupCardinality 2 #$IntervalEntry) (#$argFormat #$groupCardinality 2 #$SingleEntry) (#$argIsa #$groupCardinality 2 #$Cardinal-Mathematical) (#$argIsa #$groupCardinality 2 #$Cardinal-Mathematical) (#$argIsa #$groupCardinality 1 #$Group) (#$argIsa #$groupCardinality 1 #$Group) (#$arity #$groupCardinality 2) (#$comment #$groupCardinality "A predicate used to indicate the total number of members there are in a particular group. (#$groupCardinality GROUP NUM) means that the number of members in the #$Group GROUP is the #$Cardinal-Mathematical NUM. For example (#$groupCardinality #$SevenWondersOfTheAncientWorld 7). Cyc infers that the #$groupCardinality of pairs is 2, and dozens, 12. For stating the cardinalities of sets or collections rather than groups, see #$cardinality and #$entityCardinality.") (#$functionalInArgs #$groupCardinality 2) (#$interArgIsa1-2 #$groupCardinality #$StockHoldings #$PositiveInteger) (#$isa #$groupCardinality #$IntervalBasedQuantitySlot) (#$isa #$groupCardinality #$StrictlyFunctionalSlot) (#$strictlyFunctionalInArgs #$groupCardinality 2) (#$comment (#$GroupFn #$Person) "The collection of all groups of people. More precisely, this is the collection of each instance of #$Group such that each member of that instance (see #$groupMembers) is an instance of #$Person.") (#$comment (#$GroupFn #$MilitaryOrganization) "This is the #$Collection of all #$Groups of instances of #$MilitaryOrganization. Since #$MilitaryOrganization is a collection of groups, this collection is itself a collection of groups of groups.") (#$genls (#$GroupFn #$Agent-Generic) (#$CollectionUnionFn (#$TheSet #$Agent-Generic (#$GroupFn #$Agent-Generic)))) (#$genls (#$GroupFn #$BiologicalLivingObject) (#$CollectionUnionFn (#$TheSet #$BiologicalLivingObject (#$GroupFn #$BiologicalLivingObject)))) (#$genls (#$GroupFn #$Person) (#$CollectionUnionFn (#$TheSet #$Person (#$GroupFn #$Person)))) (#$genls (#$GroupFn #$LocatingInIntendedPosition) #$Event) (#$genls (#$GroupFn #$AdultFemalePerson) #$Group) (#$genls (#$GroupFn #$AdultMalePerson) #$Group) (#$genls (#$GroupFn #$Agent-Generic) #$Group) (#$genls (#$GroupFn #$Agent) #$Group) (#$genls (#$GroupFn #$AilmentCondition) #$Group) (#$genls (#$GroupFn #$AirBreathingVertebrate) #$Group) (#$genls (#$GroupFn #$AnimalBLO) #$Group) (#$genls (#$GroupFn #$Animal) #$Group) (#$genls (#$GroupFn #$AnimalWalkingProcess) #$Group) (#$genls (#$GroupFn #$ArmyPersonnel) #$Group) (#$genls (#$GroupFn #$Artifact-Intangible) #$Group) (#$genls (#$GroupFn #$ArtObject) #$Group) (#$genls (#$GroupFn #$Atom) #$Group) (#$genls (#$GroupFn #$BiologicalLivingObject) #$Group) (#$genls (#$GroupFn #$Building) #$Group) (#$genls (#$GroupFn #$Bush) #$Group) (#$genls (#$GroupFn #$Business) #$Group) (#$genls (#$GroupFn #$ChemicalReaction) #$Group) (#$genls (#$GroupFn #$ClothingItem) #$Group) (#$genls (#$GroupFn #$Computer) #$Group) (#$genls (#$GroupFn #$Country) #$Group) (#$genls (#$GroupFn #$EducationalOrganization) #$Group) (#$genls (#$GroupFn #$ElectronicDevice) #$Group) (#$genls (#$GroupFn #$Eutheria) #$Group) (#$genls (#$GroupFn #$Event) #$Group) (#$genls (#$GroupFn #$Event-Organized) #$Group) (#$genls (#$GroupFn #$FemaleAnimal) #$Group) (#$genls (#$GroupFn #$FemalePerson) #$Group) (#$genls (#$GroupFn #$Fish) #$Group) (#$genls (#$GroupFn #$FreshWaterLake) #$Group) (#$genls (#$GroupFn #$FreshWaterLake) #$Group) (#$genls (#$GroupFn #$FurniturePiece) #$Group) (#$genls (#$GroupFn #$HardwareTool) #$Group) (#$genls (#$GroupFn #$HumanAdult) #$Group) (#$genls (#$GroupFn #$IndependentCountry) #$Group) (#$genls (#$GroupFn #$Infection) #$Group) (#$genls (#$GroupFn #$IntelligentAgent) #$Group) (#$genls (#$GroupFn #$Island) #$Group) (#$genls (#$GroupFn #$Killing-Biological) #$Group) (#$genls (#$GroupFn #$LawEnforcementOfficer) #$Group) (#$genls (#$GroupFn #$LocatingInIntendedPosition) #$Group) (#$genls (#$GroupFn #$MaleAnimal) #$Group) (#$genls (#$GroupFn #$MalePerson) #$Group) (#$genls (#$GroupFn #$Mammal) #$Group) (#$genls (#$GroupFn #$MedicalCareEvent) #$Group) (#$genls (#$GroupFn #$MeetingTakingPlace) #$Group) (#$genls (#$GroupFn #$MilitaryHardware) #$Group) (#$genls (#$GroupFn #$MilitaryOrganization) #$Group) (#$genls (#$GroupFn #$MilitaryPerson) #$Group) (#$genls (#$GroupFn #$MilitaryWatercraft) #$Group) (#$genls (#$GroupFn #$NationalOrganization) #$Group) (#$genls (#$GroupFn #$OfficialDocument) #$Group) (#$genls (#$GroupFn #$OrganicStuff) #$Group) (#$genls (#$GroupFn #$Organism-Whole) #$Group) (#$genls (#$GroupFn #$Organization) #$Group) (#$genls (#$GroupFn #$PartiallyTangible) #$Group) (#$genls (#$GroupFn #$PerceptualAgent) #$Group) (#$genls (#$GroupFn #$Person) #$Group) (#$genls (#$GroupFn #$PhysicalDevice) #$Group) (#$genls (#$GroupFn #$PhysiologicalCondition) #$Group) (#$genls (#$GroupFn #$PlantBLO) #$Group) (#$genls (#$GroupFn #$Plant) #$Group) (#$genls (#$GroupFn #$Primate) #$Group) (#$genls (#$GroupFn #$PropositionalConceptualWork) #$Group) (#$genls (#$GroupFn #$PurposefulAction) #$Group) (#$genls (#$GroupFn #$ServiceEvent) #$Group) (#$genls (#$GroupFn #$Situation-Temporal) #$Group) (#$genls (#$GroupFn #$SportsOrganization) #$Group) (#$genls (#$GroupFn #$Stock) #$Group) (#$genls (#$GroupFn #$Student) #$Group) (#$genls (#$GroupFn #$TransportationDevice) #$Group) (#$genls (#$GroupFn #$TransportationDevice-Vehicle) #$Group) (#$genls (#$GroupFn #$UnitedStatesPerson) #$Group) (#$genls (#$GroupFn #$Vertebrate) #$Group) (#$genls (#$GroupFn #$Warplane) #$Group) (#$genls (#$GroupFn #$Animal) (#$GroupFn #$Agent)) (#$genls (#$GroupFn #$Agent) (#$GroupFn #$Agent-Generic)) (#$genls (#$GroupFn #$IntelligentAgent) (#$GroupFn #$Agent-Generic)) (#$genls (#$GroupFn #$Infection) (#$GroupFn #$AilmentCondition)) (#$genls (#$GroupFn #$Mammal) (#$GroupFn #$AirBreathingVertebrate)) (#$genls (#$GroupFn #$FemaleAnimal) (#$GroupFn #$Animal)) (#$genls (#$GroupFn #$Person) (#$GroupFn #$Animal)) (#$genls (#$GroupFn #$Vertebrate) (#$GroupFn #$Animal)) (#$genls (#$GroupFn #$Animal) (#$GroupFn #$AnimalBLO)) (#$genls (#$GroupFn #$PropositionalConceptualWork) (#$GroupFn #$Artifact-Intangible)) (#$genls (#$GroupFn #$Stock) (#$GroupFn #$Artifact-Intangible)) (#$genls (#$GroupFn #$AnimalBLO) (#$GroupFn #$BiologicalLivingObject)) (#$genls (#$GroupFn #$Organism-Whole) (#$GroupFn #$BiologicalLivingObject)) (#$genls (#$GroupFn #$PlantBLO) (#$GroupFn #$BiologicalLivingObject)) (#$genls (#$GroupFn #$Primate) (#$GroupFn #$Eutheria)) (#$genls (#$GroupFn #$AilmentCondition) (#$GroupFn #$Event)) (#$genls (#$GroupFn #$AnimalWalkingProcess) (#$GroupFn #$Event)) (#$genls (#$GroupFn #$ChemicalReaction) (#$GroupFn #$Event)) (#$genls (#$GroupFn #$Event-Organized) (#$GroupFn #$Event)) (#$genls (#$GroupFn #$Killing-Biological) (#$GroupFn #$Event)) (#$genls (#$GroupFn #$PurposefulAction) (#$GroupFn #$Event)) (#$genls (#$GroupFn #$MeetingTakingPlace) (#$GroupFn #$Event-Organized)) (#$genls (#$GroupFn #$FemalePerson) (#$GroupFn #$FemaleAnimal)) (#$genls (#$GroupFn #$AdultFemalePerson) (#$GroupFn #$FemalePerson)) (#$genls (#$GroupFn #$Organization) (#$GroupFn #$IntelligentAgent)) (#$genls (#$GroupFn #$Person) (#$GroupFn #$IntelligentAgent)) (#$genls (#$GroupFn #$MalePerson) (#$GroupFn #$MaleAnimal)) (#$genls (#$GroupFn #$AdultMalePerson) (#$GroupFn #$MalePerson)) (#$genls (#$GroupFn #$Eutheria) (#$GroupFn #$Mammal)) (#$genls (#$GroupFn #$BiologicalLivingObject) (#$GroupFn #$OrganicStuff)) (#$genls (#$GroupFn #$Animal) (#$GroupFn #$Organism-Whole)) (#$genls (#$GroupFn #$Plant) (#$GroupFn #$Organism-Whole)) (#$genls (#$GroupFn #$Business) (#$GroupFn #$Organization)) (#$genls (#$GroupFn #$SportsOrganization) (#$GroupFn #$Organization)) (#$genls (#$GroupFn #$Vertebrate) (#$GroupFn #$PerceptualAgent)) (#$genls (#$GroupFn #$ArmyPersonnel) (#$GroupFn #$Person)) (#$genls (#$GroupFn #$FemalePerson) (#$GroupFn #$Person)) (#$genls (#$GroupFn #$HumanAdult) (#$GroupFn #$Person)) (#$genls (#$GroupFn #$LawEnforcementOfficer) (#$GroupFn #$Person)) (#$genls (#$GroupFn #$MalePerson) (#$GroupFn #$Person)) (#$genls (#$GroupFn #$Student) (#$GroupFn #$Person)) (#$genls (#$GroupFn #$UnitedStatesPerson) (#$GroupFn #$Person)) (#$genls (#$GroupFn #$MilitaryHardware) (#$GroupFn #$PhysicalDevice)) (#$genls (#$GroupFn #$Bush) (#$GroupFn #$Plant)) (#$genls (#$GroupFn #$Plant) (#$GroupFn #$PlantBLO)) (#$genls (#$GroupFn #$Person) (#$GroupFn #$Primate)) (#$genls (#$GroupFn #$LocatingInIntendedPosition) (#$GroupFn #$PurposefulAction)) (#$genls (#$GroupFn #$ServiceEvent) (#$GroupFn #$PurposefulAction)) (#$genls (#$GroupFn #$MedicalCareEvent) (#$GroupFn #$ServiceEvent)) (#$genls (#$GroupFn #$Event) (#$GroupFn #$Situation-Temporal)) (#$genls (#$GroupFn #$PhysiologicalCondition) (#$GroupFn #$Situation-Temporal)) (#$genls (#$GroupFn #$AirBreathingVertebrate) (#$GroupFn #$Vertebrate)) (#$genls (#$GroupFn #$AdultFemalePerson) #$Individual) (#$genls (#$GroupFn #$AdultMalePerson) #$Individual) (#$genls (#$GroupFn #$Agent-Generic) #$Individual) (#$genls (#$GroupFn #$Agent) #$Individual) (#$genls (#$GroupFn #$AilmentCondition) #$Individual) (#$genls (#$GroupFn #$AirBreathingVertebrate) #$Individual) (#$genls (#$GroupFn #$AnimalBLO) #$Individual) (#$genls (#$GroupFn #$Animal) #$Individual) (#$genls (#$GroupFn #$AnimalWalkingProcess) #$Individual) (#$genls (#$GroupFn #$ArmyPersonnel) #$Individual) (#$genls (#$GroupFn #$Artifact-Intangible) #$Individual) (#$genls (#$GroupFn #$ArtObject) #$Individual) (#$genls (#$GroupFn #$Atom) #$Individual) (#$genls (#$GroupFn #$BiologicalLivingObject) #$Individual) (#$genls (#$GroupFn #$Building) #$Individual) (#$genls (#$GroupFn #$Bush) #$Individual) (#$genls (#$GroupFn #$Business) #$Individual) (#$genls (#$GroupFn #$ChemicalReaction) #$Individual) (#$genls (#$GroupFn #$ClothingItem) #$Individual) (#$genls (#$GroupFn #$Computer) #$Individual) (#$genls (#$GroupFn #$Country) #$Individual) (#$genls (#$GroupFn #$EducationalOrganization) #$Individual) (#$genls (#$GroupFn #$ElectronicDevice) #$Individual) (#$genls (#$GroupFn #$Eutheria) #$Individual) (#$genls (#$GroupFn #$Event) #$Individual) (#$genls (#$GroupFn #$Event-Organized) #$Individual) (#$genls (#$GroupFn #$FemaleAnimal) #$Individual) (#$genls (#$GroupFn #$FemalePerson) #$Individual) (#$genls (#$GroupFn #$Fish) #$Individual) (#$genls (#$GroupFn #$FreshWaterLake) #$Individual) (#$genls (#$GroupFn #$FurniturePiece) #$Individual) (#$genls (#$GroupFn #$HardwareTool) #$Individual) (#$genls (#$GroupFn #$HumanAdult) #$Individual) (#$genls (#$GroupFn #$IndependentCountry) #$Individual) (#$genls (#$GroupFn #$Infection) #$Individual) (#$genls (#$GroupFn #$IntelligentAgent) #$Individual) (#$genls (#$GroupFn #$Island) #$Individual) (#$genls (#$GroupFn #$Killing-Biological) #$Individual) (#$genls (#$GroupFn #$LawEnforcementOfficer) #$Individual) (#$genls (#$GroupFn #$LocatingInIntendedPosition) #$Individual) (#$genls (#$GroupFn #$MaleAnimal) #$Individual) (#$genls (#$GroupFn #$MalePerson) #$Individual) (#$genls (#$GroupFn #$Mammal) #$Individual) (#$genls (#$GroupFn #$MedicalCareEvent) #$Individual) (#$genls (#$GroupFn #$MeetingTakingPlace) #$Individual) (#$genls (#$GroupFn #$MilitaryHardware) #$Individual) (#$genls (#$GroupFn #$MilitaryOrganization) #$Individual) (#$genls (#$GroupFn #$MilitaryPerson) #$Individual) (#$genls (#$GroupFn #$MilitaryWatercraft) #$Individual) (#$genls (#$GroupFn #$NationalOrganization) #$Individual) (#$genls (#$GroupFn #$OfficialDocument) #$Individual) (#$genls (#$GroupFn #$OrganicStuff) #$Individual) (#$genls (#$GroupFn #$Organism-Whole) #$Individual) (#$genls (#$GroupFn #$Organization) #$Individual) (#$genls (#$GroupFn #$PartiallyTangible) #$Individual) (#$genls (#$GroupFn #$PerceptualAgent) #$Individual) (#$genls (#$GroupFn #$Person) #$Individual) (#$genls (#$GroupFn #$PhysicalDevice) #$Individual) (#$genls (#$GroupFn #$PhysiologicalCondition) #$Individual) (#$genls (#$GroupFn #$PlantBLO) #$Individual) (#$genls (#$GroupFn #$Plant) #$Individual) (#$genls (#$GroupFn #$Primate) #$Individual) (#$genls (#$GroupFn #$PropositionalConceptualWork) #$Individual) (#$genls (#$GroupFn #$PurposefulAction) #$Individual) (#$genls (#$GroupFn #$ServiceEvent) #$Individual) (#$genls (#$GroupFn #$Situation-Temporal) #$Individual) (#$genls (#$GroupFn #$SportsOrganization) #$Individual) (#$genls (#$GroupFn #$Stock) #$Individual) (#$genls (#$GroupFn #$Student) #$Individual) (#$genls (#$GroupFn #$TransportationDevice) #$Individual) (#$genls (#$GroupFn #$TransportationDevice-Vehicle) #$Individual) (#$genls (#$GroupFn #$UnitedStatesPerson) #$Individual) (#$genls (#$GroupFn #$Vertebrate) #$Individual) (#$genls (#$GroupFn #$Warplane) #$Individual) (#$genls (#$GroupFn #$Stock) #$IntangibleExistingThing) (#$genls (#$GroupFn #$AdultFemalePerson) #$PartiallyTangible) (#$genls (#$GroupFn #$Agent) #$PartiallyTangible) (#$genls (#$GroupFn #$Animal) #$PartiallyTangible) (#$genls (#$GroupFn #$Animal) #$PartiallyTangible) (#$genls (#$GroupFn #$ArmyPersonnel) #$PartiallyTangible) (#$genls (#$GroupFn #$ArtObject) #$PartiallyTangible) (#$genls (#$GroupFn #$Atom) #$PartiallyTangible) (#$genls (#$GroupFn #$BiologicalLivingObject) #$PartiallyTangible) (#$genls (#$GroupFn #$Building) #$PartiallyTangible) (#$genls (#$GroupFn #$Bush) #$PartiallyTangible) (#$genls (#$GroupFn #$Business) #$PartiallyTangible) (#$genls (#$GroupFn #$ClothingItem) #$PartiallyTangible) (#$genls (#$GroupFn #$Computer) #$PartiallyTangible) (#$genls (#$GroupFn #$Computer) #$PartiallyTangible) (#$genls (#$GroupFn #$Country) #$PartiallyTangible) (#$genls (#$GroupFn #$EducationalOrganization) #$PartiallyTangible) (#$genls (#$GroupFn #$ElectronicDevice) #$PartiallyTangible) (#$genls (#$GroupFn #$Eutheria) #$PartiallyTangible) (#$genls (#$GroupFn #$FemalePerson) #$PartiallyTangible) (#$genls (#$GroupFn #$FemalePerson) #$PartiallyTangible) (#$genls (#$GroupFn #$Fish) #$PartiallyTangible) (#$genls (#$GroupFn #$Fish) #$PartiallyTangible) (#$genls (#$GroupFn #$FreshWaterLake) #$PartiallyTangible) (#$genls (#$GroupFn #$FurniturePiece) #$PartiallyTangible) (#$genls (#$GroupFn #$HardwareTool) #$PartiallyTangible) (#$genls (#$GroupFn #$IndependentCountry) #$PartiallyTangible) (#$genls (#$GroupFn #$Island) #$PartiallyTangible) (#$genls (#$GroupFn #$LawEnforcementOfficer) #$PartiallyTangible) (#$genls (#$GroupFn #$MaleAnimal) #$PartiallyTangible) (#$genls (#$GroupFn #$MalePerson) #$PartiallyTangible) (#$genls (#$GroupFn #$Mammal) #$PartiallyTangible) (#$genls (#$GroupFn #$MilitaryHardware) #$PartiallyTangible) (#$genls (#$GroupFn #$MilitaryHardware) #$PartiallyTangible) (#$genls (#$GroupFn #$MilitaryOrganization) #$PartiallyTangible) (#$genls (#$GroupFn #$MilitaryPerson) #$PartiallyTangible) (#$genls (#$GroupFn #$MilitaryWatercraft) #$PartiallyTangible) (#$genls (#$GroupFn #$NationalOrganization) #$PartiallyTangible) (#$genls (#$GroupFn #$OfficialDocument) #$PartiallyTangible) (#$genls (#$GroupFn #$OrganicStuff) #$PartiallyTangible) (#$genls (#$GroupFn #$Organism-Whole) #$PartiallyTangible) (#$genls (#$GroupFn #$Organization) #$PartiallyTangible) (#$genls (#$GroupFn #$PartiallyTangible) #$PartiallyTangible) (#$genls (#$GroupFn #$PerceptualAgent) #$PartiallyTangible) (#$genls (#$GroupFn #$Person) #$PartiallyTangible) (#$genls (#$GroupFn #$Person) #$PartiallyTangible) (#$genls (#$GroupFn #$Person) #$PartiallyTangible) (#$genls (#$GroupFn #$PhysicalDevice) #$PartiallyTangible) (#$genls (#$GroupFn #$PlantBLO) #$PartiallyTangible) (#$genls (#$GroupFn #$Plant) #$PartiallyTangible) (#$genls (#$GroupFn #$Primate) #$PartiallyTangible) (#$genls (#$GroupFn #$Primate) #$PartiallyTangible) (#$genls (#$GroupFn #$SportsOrganization) #$PartiallyTangible) (#$genls (#$GroupFn #$Student) #$PartiallyTangible) (#$genls (#$GroupFn #$TransportationDevice) #$PartiallyTangible) (#$genls (#$GroupFn #$TransportationDevice-Vehicle) #$PartiallyTangible) (#$genls (#$GroupFn #$UnitedStatesPerson) #$PartiallyTangible) (#$genls (#$GroupFn #$Vertebrate) #$PartiallyTangible) (#$genls (#$GroupFn #$Vertebrate) #$PartiallyTangible) (#$genls (#$GroupFn #$Vertebrate) #$PartiallyTangible) (#$genls (#$GroupFn #$Warplane) #$PartiallyTangible) (#$genls (#$GroupFn #$Warplane) #$PartiallyTangible) (#$genls (#$GroupFn #$Warplane) #$PartiallyTangible) (#$genls (#$GroupFn #$Animal) #$SpatialThing) (#$genls (#$GroupFn #$IntelligentAgent) #$SpatialThing) (#$genls (#$GroupFn #$LocatingInIntendedPosition) #$SpatialThing) (#$genls (#$GroupFn #$Person) #$SpatialThing) (#$genls (#$GroupFn #$LocatingInIntendedPosition) #$Translation-MultiTrajectory) (#$isa (#$GroupFn #$AdultFemalePerson) #$ObjectType) (#$isa (#$GroupFn #$AdultMalePerson) #$ObjectType) (#$isa (#$GroupFn #$Agent-Generic) #$ObjectType) (#$isa (#$GroupFn #$Agent) #$ObjectType) (#$isa (#$GroupFn #$AilmentCondition) #$ObjectType) (#$isa (#$GroupFn #$AirBreathingVertebrate) #$ObjectType) (#$isa (#$GroupFn #$AnimalBLO) #$ObjectType) (#$isa (#$GroupFn #$Animal) #$ObjectType) (#$isa (#$GroupFn #$AnimalWalkingProcess) #$ObjectType) (#$isa (#$GroupFn #$ArmyPersonnel) #$ObjectType) (#$isa (#$GroupFn #$Artifact-Intangible) #$ObjectType) (#$isa (#$GroupFn #$ArtObject) #$ObjectType) (#$isa (#$GroupFn #$Atom) #$ObjectType) (#$isa (#$GroupFn #$BiologicalLivingObject) #$ObjectType) (#$isa (#$GroupFn #$Building) #$ObjectType) (#$isa (#$GroupFn #$Bush) #$ObjectType) (#$isa (#$GroupFn #$Business) #$ObjectType) (#$isa (#$GroupFn #$ChemicalReaction) #$ObjectType) (#$isa (#$GroupFn #$ClothingItem) #$ObjectType) (#$isa (#$GroupFn #$Computer) #$ObjectType) (#$isa (#$GroupFn #$Country) #$ObjectType) (#$isa (#$GroupFn #$EducationalOrganization) #$ObjectType) (#$isa (#$GroupFn #$ElectronicDevice) #$ObjectType) (#$isa (#$GroupFn #$Eutheria) #$ObjectType) (#$isa (#$GroupFn #$Event) #$ObjectType) (#$isa (#$GroupFn #$Event-Organized) #$ObjectType) (#$isa (#$GroupFn #$FemaleAnimal) #$ObjectType) (#$isa (#$GroupFn #$FemalePerson) #$ObjectType) (#$isa (#$GroupFn #$Fish) #$ObjectType) (#$isa (#$GroupFn #$FreshWaterLake) #$ObjectType) (#$isa (#$GroupFn #$FurniturePiece) #$ObjectType) (#$isa (#$GroupFn #$HardwareTool) #$ObjectType) (#$isa (#$GroupFn #$HumanAdult) #$ObjectType) (#$isa (#$GroupFn #$IndependentCountry) #$ObjectType) (#$isa (#$GroupFn #$Infection) #$ObjectType) (#$isa (#$GroupFn #$IntelligentAgent) #$ObjectType) (#$isa (#$GroupFn #$Island) #$ObjectType) (#$isa (#$GroupFn #$Killing-Biological) #$ObjectType) (#$isa (#$GroupFn #$LawEnforcementOfficer) #$ObjectType) (#$isa (#$GroupFn #$LocatingInIntendedPosition) #$ObjectType) (#$isa (#$GroupFn #$MaleAnimal) #$ObjectType) (#$isa (#$GroupFn #$MalePerson) #$ObjectType) (#$isa (#$GroupFn #$Mammal) #$ObjectType) (#$isa (#$GroupFn #$MedicalCareEvent) #$ObjectType) (#$isa (#$GroupFn #$MeetingTakingPlace) #$ObjectType) (#$isa (#$GroupFn #$MilitaryHardware) #$ObjectType) (#$isa (#$GroupFn #$MilitaryOrganization) #$ObjectType) (#$isa (#$GroupFn #$MilitaryPerson) #$ObjectType) (#$isa (#$GroupFn #$MilitaryWatercraft) #$ObjectType) (#$isa (#$GroupFn #$NationalOrganization) #$ObjectType) (#$isa (#$GroupFn #$OfficialDocument) #$ObjectType) (#$isa (#$GroupFn #$OrganicStuff) #$ObjectType) (#$isa (#$GroupFn #$Organism-Whole) #$ObjectType) (#$isa (#$GroupFn #$Organization) #$ObjectType) (#$isa (#$GroupFn #$PartiallyTangible) #$ObjectType) (#$isa (#$GroupFn #$PerceptualAgent) #$ObjectType) (#$isa (#$GroupFn #$Person) #$ObjectType) (#$isa (#$GroupFn #$PhysicalDevice) #$ObjectType) (#$isa (#$GroupFn #$PhysiologicalCondition) #$ObjectType) (#$isa (#$GroupFn #$PlantBLO) #$ObjectType) (#$isa (#$GroupFn #$Plant) #$ObjectType) (#$isa (#$GroupFn #$Primate) #$ObjectType) (#$isa (#$GroupFn #$PropositionalConceptualWork) #$ObjectType) (#$isa (#$GroupFn #$PurposefulAction) #$ObjectType) (#$isa (#$GroupFn #$ServiceEvent) #$ObjectType) (#$isa (#$GroupFn #$Situation-Temporal) #$ObjectType) (#$isa (#$GroupFn #$SportsOrganization) #$ObjectType) (#$isa (#$GroupFn #$Stock) #$ObjectType) (#$isa (#$GroupFn #$Student) #$ObjectType) (#$isa (#$GroupFn #$TransportationDevice) #$ObjectType) (#$isa (#$GroupFn #$TransportationDevice-Vehicle) #$ObjectType) (#$isa (#$GroupFn #$UnitedStatesPerson) #$ObjectType) (#$isa (#$GroupFn #$Vertebrate) #$ObjectType) (#$isa (#$GroupFn #$Warplane) #$ObjectType) (#$arg1Genl #$GroupFn #$TemporalThing) (#$arg1Isa #$GroupFn #$FirstOrderCollection) (#$argGenl #$GroupFn 1 #$TemporalThing) (#$argGenl #$GroupFn 1 #$TemporalThing) (#$argIsa #$GroupFn 1 #$FirstOrderCollection) (#$argIsa #$GroupFn 1 #$FirstOrderCollection) (#$arity #$GroupFn 1) (#$comment #$GroupFn "An instance of #$CollectionDenotingFunction. When applied to an instance COL of #$FirstOrderCollection, #$GroupFn returns the collection of all groups whose members (see #$groupMembers) are instances of COL. Note that an application of #$GroupFn is a _collection_ that has groups as instances, rather than an individual group. For example, (#$GroupFn #$BallisticMissile) denotes the collection of all groups of ballistic missiles, which includes Russia's ballistic missiles, China's ballistic missiles, the US's ballistic missiles, and so on.") (#$isa #$GroupFn #$CollectionDenotingFunction) (#$isa #$GroupFn #$CollectionDenotingFunction) (#$isa #$GroupFn #$ReifiableFunction) (#$isa #$GroupFn #$UnaryFunction) (#$resultGenl #$GroupFn #$Group) (#$resultGenl #$GroupFn #$Individual) (#$resultIsa #$GroupFn #$ObjectType) (#$resultIsa #$GroupFn #$ObjectType) (#$comment #$GroupingObjects "A collection of purposeful creation events in which two or more partially tangibles are grouped together (possibly in accordance with some general convention) in such a way as to thence constitute a #$Group that did not exist before. Such an act of grouping requires an intention to do so on the part of the agent who performs the act, and often (but not always) also involves some physical act of bringing the objects into proximity with each other. Example include putting flowers together to make a bouquet and assembling a sports team. See also #$GroupingThingsMentally.") (#$genls #$GroupingObjects #$CollectionEvent) (#$genls #$GroupingObjects #$Individual) (#$genls #$GroupingObjects #$PurposefulAction) (#$isa #$GroupingObjects #$DefaultDisjointScriptType) (#$isa #$GroupingObjects #$TemporalObjectType) (#$arg1Format #$groupMembers #$SetTheFormat) (#$arg1Isa #$groupMembers #$Group) (#$arg2Format #$groupMembers #$SetTheFormat) (#$arg2Isa #$groupMembers #$TemporalThing) (#$argFormat #$groupMembers 1 #$SetTheFormat) (#$argFormat #$groupMembers 2 #$SetTheFormat) (#$argIsa #$groupMembers 1 #$Group) (#$argIsa #$groupMembers 1 #$Group) (#$argIsa #$groupMembers 2 #$TemporalThing) (#$argIsa #$groupMembers 2 #$TemporalThing) (#$arity #$groupMembers 2) (#$comment #$groupMembers "This predicate relates a group (see #$Group) to its individual members. (#$groupMembers GROUP MEMBER) means that MEMBER is a member of GROUP. For example, #$PyramidOfCheops is a group-member of the #$SevenWondersOfTheAncientWorld, and #$BillClinton is a group-member of the #$DemocraticParty.") (#$genlPreds #$groupMembers #$temporallyIntersects) (#$interArgIsa1-2 #$groupMembers #$Organization #$Agent-Generic) (#$interArgIsa1-2 #$groupMembers #$ArrangementOfLikeObjects #$PartiallyTangible) (#$interArgIsa1-2 #$groupMembers #$PartiallyTangible #$PartiallyTangible) (#$interArgIsa1-2 #$groupMembers #$OrganizationOfPeopleOnly #$Person) (#$interArgIsa1-2 #$groupMembers #$StockHoldings #$Stock) (#$interArgIsa2-1 #$groupMembers #$Situation-Temporal #$Situation-Temporal) (#$isa #$groupMembers #$CotemporalObjectsSlot) (#$relationAllExists #$groupMembers #$Organization #$Agent-Generic) (#$relationAllExists #$groupMembers #$OrganizationOfPeopleOnly #$Person) (#$transitiveViaArgInverse #$groupMembers #$subGroups 1) (#$arg1Isa #$groupMemberType #$Group) (#$arg2Format #$groupMemberType #$GenlsFormat) (#$arg2Format #$groupMemberType #$SetTheFormat) (#$arg2Genl #$groupMemberType #$TemporalThing) (#$arg2Isa #$groupMemberType #$Collection) (#$argFormat #$groupMemberType 2 #$GenlsFormat) (#$argFormat #$groupMemberType 2 #$SetTheFormat) (#$argGenl #$groupMemberType 2 #$TemporalThing) (#$argGenl #$groupMemberType 2 #$TemporalThing) (#$argIsa #$groupMemberType 2 #$Collection) (#$argIsa #$groupMemberType 2 #$Collection) (#$argIsa #$groupMemberType 1 #$Group) (#$argIsa #$groupMemberType 1 #$Group) (#$arity #$groupMemberType 2) (#$comment #$groupMemberType "The predicate #$groupMemberType is used in characterizing the members of a particular group. (#$groupMemberType GROUP TYPE) means that all of GROUP's members are elements of the collection TYPE. For example, to state that the #$groupMembers of the Austin City Council are humans, one would write (#$groupMemberType AustinCityCouncil #$Person). The members of a particular group might be characterized in more than one way; e.g., a Hispanic Business Council may have both the #$groupMemberType #$EthnicGroupOfHispanics and the #$groupMemberType #$BusinessPerson (provided that all of its members are Hispanic business people). For 'typical' or 'expected' characteristics of members, see also #$memberTypes and #$typeHasTypicalMemberTypes.") (#$interArgIsa1-2 #$groupMemberType #$Organism-Whole #$OrganismConstituentType) (#$isa #$groupMemberType #$BinaryPredicate) (#$relationAllInstance #$groupMemberType (#$GroupFn #$AdultFemalePerson) #$AdultFemalePerson) (#$relationAllInstance #$groupMemberType (#$GroupFn #$AdultMalePerson) #$AdultMalePerson) (#$relationAllInstance #$groupMemberType (#$GroupFn #$AilmentCondition) #$AilmentCondition) (#$relationAllInstance #$groupMemberType #$Family-SocialEntity #$Animal) (#$relationAllInstance #$groupMemberType (#$GroupFn #$AnimalBLO) #$AnimalBLO) (#$relationAllInstance #$groupMemberType (#$GroupFn #$AnimalWalkingProcess) #$AnimalWalkingProcess) (#$relationAllInstance #$groupMemberType (#$GroupFn #$ArmyPersonnel) #$ArmyPersonnel) (#$relationAllInstance #$groupMemberType (#$GroupFn #$ArtObject) #$ArtObject) (#$relationAllInstance #$groupMemberType (#$GroupFn #$Atom) #$Atom) (#$relationAllInstance #$groupMemberType (#$GroupFn #$Building) #$Building) (#$relationAllInstance #$groupMemberType (#$GroupFn #$Bush) #$Bush) (#$relationAllInstance #$groupMemberType (#$GroupFn #$ChemicalReaction) #$ChemicalReaction) (#$relationAllInstance #$groupMemberType #$ClothingOutfit #$ClothingItem) (#$relationAllInstance #$groupMemberType (#$GroupFn #$Computer) #$Computer) (#$relationAllInstance #$groupMemberType #$InternationalOrganizationOfCountries #$Country) (#$relationAllInstance #$groupMemberType (#$GroupFn #$Country) #$Country) (#$relationAllInstance #$groupMemberType (#$GroupFn #$EducationalOrganization) #$EducationalOrganization) (#$relationAllInstance #$groupMemberType (#$GroupFn #$ElectronicDevice) #$ElectronicDevice) (#$relationAllInstance #$groupMemberType (#$GroupFn #$FemaleAnimal) #$FemaleAnimal) (#$relationAllInstance #$groupMemberType (#$GroupFn #$FemalePerson) #$FemalePerson) (#$relationAllInstance #$groupMemberType (#$GroupFn #$Fish) #$Fish) (#$relationAllInstance #$groupMemberType (#$GroupFn #$FreshWaterLake) #$FreshWaterLake) (#$relationAllInstance #$groupMemberType (#$GroupFn #$FurniturePiece) #$FurniturePiece) (#$relationAllInstance #$groupMemberType (#$GroupFn #$HardwareTool) #$HardwareTool) (#$relationAllInstance #$groupMemberType (#$GroupFn #$HumanAdult) #$HumanAdult) (#$relationAllInstance #$groupMemberType (#$GroupFn #$IndependentCountry) #$IndependentCountry) (#$relationAllInstance #$groupMemberType (#$GroupFn #$Infection) #$Infection) (#$relationAllInstance #$groupMemberType (#$GroupFn #$Island) #$Island) (#$relationAllInstance #$groupMemberType (#$GroupFn #$Killing-Biological) #$Killing-Biological) (#$relationAllInstance #$groupMemberType (#$GroupFn #$MalePerson) #$MalePerson) (#$relationAllInstance #$groupMemberType (#$GroupFn #$MedicalCareEvent) #$MedicalCareEvent) (#$relationAllInstance #$groupMemberType (#$GroupFn #$MilitaryHardware) #$MilitaryHardware) (#$relationAllInstance #$groupMemberType (#$GroupFn #$MilitaryOrganization) #$MilitaryOrganization) (#$relationAllInstance #$groupMemberType (#$GroupFn #$MilitaryPerson) #$MilitaryPerson) (#$relationAllInstance #$groupMemberType (#$GroupFn #$MilitaryWatercraft) #$MilitaryWatercraft) (#$relationAllInstance #$groupMemberType (#$GroupFn #$NationalOrganization) #$NationalOrganization) (#$relationAllInstance #$groupMemberType (#$GroupFn #$OfficialDocument) #$OfficialDocument) (#$relationAllInstance #$groupMemberType (#$GroupFn #$Organization) #$Organization) (#$relationAllInstance #$groupMemberType #$Holdings #$PartiallyTangible) (#$relationAllInstance #$groupMemberType #$OrganizationOfPeopleOnly #$Person) (#$relationAllInstance #$groupMemberType (#$GroupFn #$PhysicalDevice) #$PhysicalDevice) (#$relationAllInstance #$groupMemberType (#$GroupFn #$PhysicalDevice) #$PhysicalDevice) (#$relationAllInstance #$groupMemberType (#$GroupFn #$PlantBLO) #$PlantBLO) (#$relationAllInstance #$groupMemberType (#$GroupFn #$SportsOrganization) #$SportsOrganization) (#$relationAllInstance #$groupMemberType (#$GroupFn #$Student) #$Student) (#$relationAllInstance #$groupMemberType (#$GroupFn #$TransportationDevice) #$TransportationDevice) (#$relationAllInstance #$groupMemberType (#$GroupFn #$TransportationDevice-Vehicle) #$TransportationDevice-Vehicle) (#$relationAllInstance #$groupMemberType (#$GroupFn #$Warplane) #$Warplane) (#$transitiveViaArg #$groupMemberType #$genls 2) (#$transitiveViaArgInverse #$groupMemberType #$genls 1) (#$comment #$GroupTransfer "A collection of #$Actions in which something changes membership with respect to some instance of #$Group, i.e. actions in which something becomes a #$groupMembers of some group, ceases to be a #$groupMembers of some group, or is moved from one group to another. This collection includes a wide variety of group transfers, including those among organizations, instances of #$SystemOfDevices, (#$GroupFn #$ProfessionalSportsTeam) or #$Family-SocialEntity. For further clarification see the #$NoteAboutGroupTransfers. Note that if a group has a #$groupMemberType assertion for it, then anything transferred out of it must be of that type. See also #$GroupTransferIn, #$GroupTransferOut, #$toGroup and #$fromGroup. You may also want to look at #$OrganizationalTransfer and constants closely related to it.") (#$covering #$GroupTransfer (#$TheCovering #$GroupTransferIn #$GroupTransferOut)) (#$genls #$GroupTransfer #$GeneralizedTransfer) (#$genls #$GroupTransfer #$Individual) (#$genls #$GroupTransfer #$PurposefulAction) (#$isa #$GroupTransfer #$TemporalObjectType) (#$comment #$GroupTransferIn "A subcollection of #$GroupTransfer. Instances of this collection are those in which there is necessarily something that becomes a #$groupMembers of some instance of #$Group. This is a very diverse subcollection of #$TransferIn, including transfers into organizations, families (e.g. adoption), systems of physical devices, teams or anything represented as a subcollection of #$Group in the Cyc ontology. For further clarification see the #$NoteAboutGroupTransfers. See also #$GroupTransferOut, #$toGroup and #$fromGroup. You may also want to look at #$OrganizationalTransfer and constants closely related to it.") (#$genls #$GroupTransferIn #$GroupTransfer) (#$genls #$GroupTransferIn #$Individual) (#$genls #$GroupTransferIn #$TransferIn) (#$isa #$GroupTransferIn #$TemporalObjectType) (#$requiredArg1Pred #$GroupTransferIn #$toGroup) (#$comment #$GroupTransferOut "A subcollection of #$GroupTransfer. Instances of this collection are those actions in which there is necessarily something that ceases to be a #$groupMembers of some instance of #$Group. This is a very diverse subcollection of #$TransferOut, including transfers out of organizations, systems of physical devices, teams or anything represented as a subcollection of #$Group in the Cyc ontology. For further clarification see the #$NoteAboutGroupTransfers. Note that if the group has a #$groupMemberType assertion for it, then anything transferred out of it must be of that type. See also #$GroupTransferIn, #$toGroup and #$fromGroup. You may also want to look at #$OrganizationalTransfer and constants closely related to it.") (#$genls #$GroupTransferOut #$GroupTransfer) (#$genls #$GroupTransferOut #$Individual) (#$genls #$GroupTransferOut #$TransferOut) (#$isa #$GroupTransferOut #$TemporalObjectType) (#$comment #$Guest "An instance of #$HumanCyclist. A Cyc user logged in as `#$Guest' will be able to browse the Cyc knowledge base to some extent, but will not have full rights to inspect and modify it.") (#$isa #$Guest #$CoreConstant) (#$isa #$Guest #$HumanCyclist) (#$isa #$Guest #$IndeterminateTerm) (#$isa #$Guest #$Individual) (#$comment #$GuidingAMovingObject "A specialization of #$DirectedTranslation. Each instance of #$GuidingAMovingObject is an event in which an agent guides or steers an object which is in translational (as opposed to rotational) motion. Notable specializations of #$GuidingAMovingObject include #$PuttingSomethingSomewhere, #$GuidingAnAnimal, and #$SteeringADeviceByHand.") (#$genls #$GuidingAMovingObject #$DirectedTranslation) (#$genls #$GuidingAMovingObject #$Individual) (#$isa #$GuidingAMovingObject #$TemporalStuffType) (#$comment #$Guilt "Negative, self-accusatory feeling of responsibility and blameworthiness for having caused harm by a past action, usually with conscious intent. Note that this is not `guilty vs. innocent', but rather the feeling of guiltiness. An unremorseful killer, though guilty (as opposed to innocent) of the murder, may not feel any #$Guilt (i.e., guiltiness) about it. This is a collection; for an explanation of a typical #$FeelingType, see #$Happiness.") (#$genls #$Guilt #$FeelingAttribute) (#$isa #$Guilt #$AtemporalNecessarilyEssentialCollectionType) (#$isa #$Guilt #$FeelingType) (#$comment #$Gulf "A specialization of #$BodyOfWater-Large. Each instance of #$Gulf is a part of a sea extending into a land mass. Instances of #$Gulf include the #$SaronicGulf, #$GulfOfMexico, #$GulfOfArkangelsk, #$GulfOfCalifornia, and #$PersianGulf.") (#$genls #$Gulf #$BodyOfWater-Large) (#$genls #$Gulf #$Individual) (#$genls #$Gulf #$SeaWater) (#$isa #$Gulf #$ExistingObjectType) (#$comment #$Gusty "An instance of #$OutdoorLocationByWeatherType. Each instance of #$Gusty is an instance of #$OutdoorLocation in which the wind is subject to sudden changes in direction and intensity.") (#$genls #$Gusty #$Individual) (#$genls #$Gusty #$OutdoorLocation) (#$isa #$Gusty #$ExistingStuffType) (#$isa #$Gusty #$OutdoorLocationByWeatherType) (#$comment #$Hacking "A specialization of #$ProgrammingAComputer, comprising particularly clever or expert programming feats. Contrary to popular usage of the word \"hacking\", this constant is not intended to refer to acts of breaking into computer systems (for that, see #$PenetratingAComputerNetwork and #$AttackByComputerOperation).") (#$genls #$Hacking #$Individual) (#$genls #$Hacking #$LearnedActivity) (#$genls #$Hacking #$ProgrammingAComputer) (#$genls #$Hacking #$UsingADevice) (#$isa #$Hacking #$DefaultDisjointScriptType) (#$isa #$Hacking #$TemporalStuffType) (#$comment #$HailProcess "A specialization of #$PrecipitationProcess. Each instance of #$HailProcess is an event in which small chunks, usually consisting of several layers of ice, fall to the earth from clouds.") (#$genls #$HailProcess #$Individual) (#$genls #$HailProcess #$PrecipitationProcess) (#$isa #$HailProcess #$TemporalStuffType) (#$comment #$HailStone "A specialization of #$PrecipitationParticle. Instances of #$HailStone are small particles emitted from clouds in instances of #$HailProcess (q.v.). Instances of #$HailStone usually consist of several concentric layers of ice.") (#$genls #$HailStone #$Individual) (#$genls #$HailStone #$PrecipitationParticle) (#$genls #$HailStone (#$SolidFn #$Water-Fresh)) (#$isa #$HailStone #$ExistingObjectType) (#$comment #$HalfLine-Geometrical "The collection of all half-line. Instances of #$HalfLine-Geometrical have a single end point and contain all the points on a line that lie in a given direction. Any given line can be divided at any point incident in it into two half-lines.") (#$disjointWith #$HalfLine-Geometrical #$LinePortion) (#$genls #$HalfLine-Geometrical #$GeometricallyDescribableThing) (#$genls #$HalfLine-Geometrical #$Individual) (#$genls #$HalfLine-Geometrical #$Linear) (#$genls #$HalfLine-Geometrical #$Linear-Straight) (#$isa #$HalfLine-Geometrical #$ConventionalClassificationType) (#$isa #$HalfLine-Geometrical #$FirstOrderCollection) (#$isa #$HalfLine-Geometrical #$GenericShapeType) (#$comment #$HalfPlane "The collection of half planes. Instances of #$HalfPlane are unbounded portions of plane [#$FlatSurface] with a single linear boundary. A straight line cut any plane in which it lies into two half planes.") (#$genls #$HalfPlane #$Individual) (#$genls #$HalfPlane #$TwoDimensionalGeometricThing) (#$isa #$HalfPlane #$GenericShapeType) (#$comment #$Hand "A specialization of #$HolderGripper and #$Appendage-AnimalBodyPart. Each instance of #$HolderGripper is a terminal part of a vertebrate forelimb that is structurally suited to function as a grasping organ (as in people, newts, etc.).") (#$disjointWith #$Hand #$Digit-AnatomicalPart) (#$disjointWith #$Hand #$Limb-AnimalBodyPart) (#$genls #$Hand #$Appendage-AnimalBodyPart) (#$genls #$Hand #$HolderGripper) (#$genls #$Hand #$Individual) (#$isa #$Hand #$FirstOrderCollection) (#$isa #$Hand #$SymmetricAnatomicalPartType) (#$comment #$HandlingADevice "A specialization of #$HandlingAnObject. Each instance of #$HandlingADevice is an event in which a device is manipulated (with the operator holding and touching the device) so that it can be used for its #$primaryFunction. Specializations of #$HandlingADevice include #$Pruning, #$PlayingAMusicalInstrument, #$OperatingAHouseholdAppliance, #$PumpingGasEvent, and #$WritingByHand.") (#$genls #$HandlingADevice #$ControllingAPhysicalDevice) (#$genls #$HandlingADevice #$HandlingAnObject) (#$genls #$HandlingADevice #$HumanActivity) (#$genls #$HandlingADevice #$Individual) (#$isa #$HandlingADevice #$DefaultDisjointScriptType) (#$isa #$HandlingADevice #$TemporalStuffType) (#$siblingDisjointExceptions #$HandlingADevice #$AccessingAnIBT) (#$siblingDisjointExceptions #$HandlingADevice #$Cleaning) (#$siblingDisjointExceptions #$HandlingADevice #$ContinuousPhysicalContactEvent) (#$siblingDisjointExceptions #$HandlingADevice #$DeviceRunning) (#$siblingDisjointExceptions #$HandlingADevice #$Drying) (#$siblingDisjointExceptions #$HandlingADevice #$EmittingSound) (#$siblingDisjointExceptions #$HandlingADevice #$GenerationOrConversionEvent) (#$siblingDisjointExceptions #$HandlingADevice #$MarkingOnASurface) (#$siblingDisjointExceptions #$HandlingADevice #$PreparingFoodOrDrink) (#$siblingDisjointExceptions #$HandlingADevice #$Separation-Complete) (#$siblingDisjointExceptions #$HandlingADevice #$ShapingSomething) (#$siblingDisjointExceptions #$HandlingADevice #$Surgery) (#$siblingDisjointExceptions #$HandlingADevice #$TakingCareOfSomething) (#$siblingDisjointExceptions #$HandlingADevice #$TurningOffPoweredDevice) (#$siblingDisjointExceptions #$HandlingADevice #$VoluntaryBodyMovement) (#$siblingDisjointExceptions #$HandlingADevice #$Washing) (#$comment #$HandlingAnObject "A collection of events and a specialization of #$ActionOnObject, #$ControllingSomething, #$PhysicalContactEvent, and #$SensoryEvent (qq.v.). Each instance of #$HandlingAnObject is an event in which an object (see #$SomethingExisting) is touched and manipulated by some #$Agent. Specializations of this collection include #$HoldingAnObject and #$HandlingADevice (qq.v.).") (#$genls #$HandlingAnObject #$ActionOnObject) (#$genls #$HandlingAnObject #$CompositePhysicalAndMentalEvent) (#$genls #$HandlingAnObject #$ControllingSomething) (#$genls #$HandlingAnObject #$Individual) (#$genls #$HandlingAnObject #$PhysicalContactEvent) (#$isa #$HandlingAnObject #$DefaultDisjointScriptType) (#$isa #$HandlingAnObject #$TemporalStuffType) (#$siblingDisjointExceptions #$HandlingAnObject #$AccessingAnIBT) (#$siblingDisjointExceptions #$HandlingAnObject #$ContinuousPhysicalContactEvent) (#$siblingDisjointExceptions #$HandlingAnObject #$DeliveringSomeoneSomething) (#$siblingDisjointExceptions #$HandlingAnObject #$DeviceRunning) (#$siblingDisjointExceptions #$HandlingAnObject #$EatingEvent) (#$siblingDisjointExceptions #$HandlingAnObject #$EmittingSound) (#$siblingDisjointExceptions #$HandlingAnObject #$MakingSomething) (#$siblingDisjointExceptions #$HandlingAnObject #$PhysicalCreationEvent) (#$siblingDisjointExceptions #$HandlingAnObject #$PolishingSomething) (#$siblingDisjointExceptions #$HandlingAnObject #$PreparingFoodItem) (#$siblingDisjointExceptions #$HandlingAnObject #$PreparingFoodOrDrink) (#$siblingDisjointExceptions #$HandlingAnObject #$PulverizationEvent) (#$siblingDisjointExceptions #$HandlingAnObject #$Separation-Complete) (#$siblingDisjointExceptions #$HandlingAnObject #$ShapeChangeEvent) (#$siblingDisjointExceptions #$HandlingAnObject #$ShapeChangeWithoutLosingMaterial) (#$siblingDisjointExceptions #$HandlingAnObject #$Surgery) (#$siblingDisjointExceptions #$HandlingAnObject #$Transaction) (#$siblingDisjointExceptions #$HandlingAnObject #$TransferringPossession) (#$siblingDisjointExceptions #$HandlingAnObject #$TurningOffPoweredDevice) (#$siblingDisjointExceptions #$HandlingAnObject #$VoluntaryBodyMovement) (#$siblingDisjointExceptions #$HandlingAnObject #$Writing) (#$comment #$HandTool "A specialization of both #$Tool and #$PortableObject. Each instance of #$HandTool is a portable tool which is hand-guided throughout its operation. Specializations of #$HandTool include the collections #$Screwdriver, #$ManualDrill, and #$BlowDryer.") (#$disjointWith #$HandTool #$CordlikeObject) (#$disjointWith #$HandTool #$Engine) (#$disjointWith #$HandTool #$SomethingToWear) (#$genls #$HandTool #$Device-SingleUser) (#$genls #$HandTool #$Individual) (#$genls #$HandTool #$PortableObject) (#$genls #$HandTool #$Tool) (#$isa #$HandTool #$ExistingObjectType) (#$arg1Isa #$hangsAround #$SolidTangibleThing) (#$arg1Isa #$hangsAround #$SolidTangibleThing) (#$arg2Isa #$hangsAround #$SolidTangibleThing) (#$arg2Isa #$hangsAround #$SolidTangibleThing) (#$argIsa #$hangsAround 1 #$SolidTangibleThing) (#$argIsa #$hangsAround 1 #$SolidTangibleThing) (#$argIsa #$hangsAround 1 #$SolidTangibleThing) (#$argIsa #$hangsAround 2 #$SolidTangibleThing) (#$argIsa #$hangsAround 2 #$SolidTangibleThing) (#$argIsa #$hangsAround 2 #$SolidTangibleThing) (#$arity #$hangsAround 2) (#$comment #$hangsAround "(#$hangsAround LOOP OBJ) means that LOOP is a semi-flexible loop, looped around a piece of OBJ. LOOP is supported by gripping friction and/or LOOP's limited ability to elongate as it moves down on OBJ. See also #$hangsFrom.") (#$genlPreds #$hangsAround #$connectedTo-Directly) (#$genlPreds #$hangsAround #$hangsFrom) (#$genlPreds #$hangsAround #$surrounds-2D) (#$isa #$hangsAround #$AsymmetricBinaryPredicate) (#$isa #$hangsAround #$ConnectionPredicate) (#$isa #$hangsAround #$SpatialPredicate) (#$negationInverse #$hangsAround #$hangsAround) (#$negationInverse #$hangsAround #$hangsAround) (#$arg1Format #$hangsFrom #$SetTheFormat) (#$arg1Isa #$hangsFrom #$SolidTangibleThing) (#$arg1Isa #$hangsFrom #$SolidTangibleThing) (#$arg2Format #$hangsFrom #$SetTheFormat) (#$arg2Isa #$hangsFrom #$SolidTangibleThing) (#$arg2Isa #$hangsFrom #$SolidTangibleThing) (#$argFormat #$hangsFrom 1 #$SetTheFormat) (#$argFormat #$hangsFrom 2 #$SetTheFormat) (#$argIsa #$hangsFrom 1 #$SolidTangibleThing) (#$argIsa #$hangsFrom 1 #$SolidTangibleThing) (#$argIsa #$hangsFrom 1 #$SolidTangibleThing) (#$argIsa #$hangsFrom 2 #$SolidTangibleThing) (#$argIsa #$hangsFrom 2 #$SolidTangibleThing) (#$argIsa #$hangsFrom 2 #$SolidTangibleThing) (#$arity #$hangsFrom 2) (#$comment #$hangsFrom "(#$hangsFrom OBJ1 OBJ2) means that OBJ1 is suspended from OBJ2, either directly touching it (like a weight attached to a line) or through some intermediary object (like a weight suspended from the ceiling via a hook). All of OBJ1's weight is #$supportedBy OBJ2. Most, if not all, of OBJ1 is below OBJ2; certainly, the center of OBJ1 is below the connection point. If pushed, OBJ1 will undergo an instance of #$Swinging (q.v.).") (#$genlInverse #$hangsFrom #$above-Directly) (#$genlPreds #$hangsFrom #$supportedBy) (#$genlPreds #$hangsFrom #$touches) (#$isa #$hangsFrom #$AntiSymmetricBinaryPredicate) (#$isa #$hangsFrom #$AsymmetricBinaryPredicate) (#$isa #$hangsFrom #$ConnectionPredicate) (#$isa #$hangsFrom #$SpatialPredicate) (#$isa #$hangsFrom #$TransitiveBinaryPredicate) (#$negationInverse #$hangsFrom #$hangsFrom) (#$negationInverse #$hangsFrom #$hangsFrom) (#$comment #$HaploidCell "A specialization of #$EukaryoticCell. Each instance of #$HaploidCell is a cell which has a single chromosome set. For example, gametes such as sperm and ova are haploid cells (see #$Gamete). There also haploid forms of some mature multicellular organisms.") (#$genls #$HaploidCell #$EukaryoticCell) (#$genls #$HaploidCell #$Individual) (#$isa #$HaploidCell #$ExistingObjectType) (#$comment #$Happiness "The enjoyment of pleasurable satisfaction that goes with well-being, security, effective accomplishments, or satisfied wishes. As with all #$FeelingTypes, this is a #$Collection -- the collection of all possible amounts of happiness one can feel. One instance of #$Happiness is `extremely happy'; another is `just a little bit happy'. Note: Obviously there are no real units of measure for this quantity, ways of objectively measuring the amount of happiness possessed or gained or lost, etc., but still this has proven to be a useful way for Cyc to represent and reason with emotions. E.g., one can have a rule that says that most people have a greater `amount' of happiness at their wedding than at their high school graduation, etc. There are functions, such as #$LowAmountFn, which take a #$PrimitiveScalarIntervalType (such as the instances of #$FeelingType) such as #$Happiness and return as their value a certain-sized amount of that feeling; e.g., (#$LowAmountFn #$Happiness) is an expression whose value is a positive but small amount of happiness, and that in turn will be an instance of #$Happiness (and also will be an instance of #$FeelingAttribute). #$FeelingTypes organize into a lattice; e.g., there are several more specialized forms of #$Happiness that are present in Cyc's ontology, such as #$Elation, #$Delight, #$Triumph-TheFeeling, etc.") (#$genls #$Happiness #$FeelingAttribute) (#$isa #$Happiness #$AtemporalNecessarilyEssentialCollectionType) (#$isa #$Happiness #$FeelingType) (#$comment #$HappyAgent "A specialization of #$IntelligentAgent. Each instance is an agent in the emotional state of being happy. Use this constant with a #$GenericValueFunction to denote a collection of agents that are in this emotional state to some varying degree.") (#$genls #$HappyAgent #$Individual) (#$genls #$HappyAgent #$IntelligentAgent) (#$isa #$HappyAgent #$AgentTypeByEmotionalState) (#$isa #$HappyAgent #$FirstOrderCollection) (#$comment #$Harbor "The collection of those parts of a #$BodyOfWater, each of which is protected from the open sea and deep enough to furnish fairly safe anchorage.") (#$genls #$Harbor #$BodyOfWater) (#$genls #$Harbor #$Individual) (#$isa #$Harbor #$ExistingObjectType) (#$comment #$HardcopyInformationBearingObject "The \"collection-intersection\" (and thus a common specialization) of #$Artifact, #$StillImageSource and #$HumanAccessibleIBO (qq.v.). Each instance of #$HardcopyInformationBearingObject is an human-created #$InformationBearingObject (IBO) in a \"hard\" format (e.g. written on paper, on wood, on palm leaves, engraved in metal, or carved on stone) that humans can obtain information from by viewing (if there is sufficient light) without using a computer or electronic device. In many cases the information is encoded in visual symbols, whose #$CommunicationConvention must be understood by anyone who would access the information. For example, the information may be stored as English text. Examples of #$HardcopyInformationBearingObject include: a billboard, a greeting card, a restaurant check, a magazine, an engraving by Rembrandt, a Picasso painting, and a hardcopy of a map with no text on it. Note that this collection does _not_ include IBOs embodied in magnetic media such as tape or disk (as the information they bear is not directly accessible to someone viewing them) or Braille books (as they are not instances of #$StillImageSource, whose information content must be accessed visually).") (#$disjointWith #$HardcopyInformationBearingObject #$ComputationalSystem) (#$disjointWith #$HardcopyInformationBearingObject #$PathArtifactSystem) (#$genls #$HardcopyInformationBearingObject #$Artifact) (#$genls #$HardcopyInformationBearingObject #$Artifact-NonAgentive) (#$genls #$HardcopyInformationBearingObject #$HexalateralObject) (#$genls #$HardcopyInformationBearingObject #$HumanAccessibleIBO) (#$genls #$HardcopyInformationBearingObject #$Individual) (#$genls #$HardcopyInformationBearingObject #$SolidTangibleThing) (#$genls #$HardcopyInformationBearingObject #$VisualInformationBearingThing) (#$isa #$HardcopyInformationBearingObject #$ExistingObjectType) (#$isa #$HardcopyInformationBearingObject #$TemporalStuffType) (#$comment #$HardwareTool "#$HardwareTool is a specialization of #$Tool. Each instance of #$HardwareTool is an object used to perform a task, usually by applying a particular kind of force to another object. The tool is used to produce a physical effect in the position, structure, or arrangement of the other object. Specializations of #$HardwareTool include #$Hammer, #$Screwdriver, and #$HandSaw. Borderline nonexamples include eating utensils, robot servants, screws, nails, and levers.") (#$disjointWith #$HardwareTool #$CordlikeObject) (#$disjointWith #$HardwareTool #$FoodUtensil) (#$genls #$HardwareTool #$Individual) (#$genls #$HardwareTool #$PartiallyTangible) (#$genls #$HardwareTool #$PartiallyTangibleProduct) (#$genls #$HardwareTool #$Tool) (#$isa #$HardwareTool #$ExistingObjectType) (#$isa #$HardwareTool #$ProductType) (#$comment #$HarmingAnAgent "A specialization of #$Action. Each instance of #$HarmingAnAgent is an event in which some agent is harmed, either physically or psychologically. Note that #$HarmingAnAgent is not a specialization of #$PurposefulAction, since it includes as instances some events in which an agent is harmed, but not intentionally harmed. Neither is it a specialization of #$IncurringDamage, because that does not cover psychological injury. Although #$HarmingAnAgent is not a specialization of #$PurposefulAction, important specializations of #$HarmingAnAgent (such as #$Murder and #$Torture) are also specializations of #$PurposefulAction.") (#$genls #$HarmingAnAgent #$ActionOnObject) (#$genls #$HarmingAnAgent #$Individual) (#$isa #$HarmingAnAgent #$DefaultDisjointScriptType) (#$isa #$HarmingAnAgent #$TemporalObjectType) (#$siblingDisjointExceptions #$HarmingAnAgent #$PhysicalDestructionEvent) (#$siblingDisjointExceptions #$HarmingAnAgent #$VoluntaryBodyMovement) (#$comment #$HarvestingAPlant "A specialization of #$RemovingSomethingByMovingIt. Each instance of #$HarvestingAPlant is an event in which a plant is harvested. Harvesting may involve separating some part of the plant and leaving the rest in place (e.g., when one harvests fruit from fruit trees), or it may involve removing the entire plant from its growing location (e.g., when one harvests carrots).") (#$disjointWith #$HarvestingAPlant #$TranslationAlongInternalLivingStructure) (#$genls #$HarvestingAPlant #$Event) (#$genls #$HarvestingAPlant #$GuidingAMovingObject) (#$genls #$HarvestingAPlant #$HumanActivity) (#$genls #$HarvestingAPlant #$Individual) (#$genls #$HarvestingAPlant #$RemovingSomethingByMovingIt) (#$genls #$HarvestingAPlant #$TransportationEvent) (#$isa #$HarvestingAPlant #$TemporalObjectType) (#$arg1Isa #$hasAgents #$Agent) (#$arg1Isa #$hasAgents #$Agent) (#$arg2Format #$hasAgents #$SetTheFormat) (#$arg2Isa #$hasAgents #$Agent) (#$arg2Isa #$hasAgents #$Agent) (#$argFormat #$hasAgents 2 #$SetTheFormat) (#$argIsa #$hasAgents 1 #$Agent) (#$argIsa #$hasAgents 1 #$Agent) (#$argIsa #$hasAgents 1 #$Agent) (#$argIsa #$hasAgents 2 #$Agent) (#$argIsa #$hasAgents 2 #$Agent) (#$argIsa #$hasAgents 2 #$Agent) (#$arity #$hasAgents 2) (#$comment #$hasAgents "(#$hasAgents AGENT1 AGENT2) means that AGENT2 acts on behalf of AGENT1. This does not mean that AGENT2's actions are entirely controlled by AGENT1, but that AGENT1's desires and goals can influence (prohibit, enable or constrain) the behavior of AGENT2 in some domain. Examples include several kinds of situations: #$subOrganizations (the U.S. government has the U.S. Army as an agent), servants and slaves, and agents engaged for shorter periods of time or more restricted purposes, such as #$buyingAgents and #$sellingAgents. In these latter cases, where control is not absolute, the predicate #$hasAgents applies only in a narrow context. Often, but not always, AGENT1 and AGENT2 temporally intersect.") (#$genlPreds #$hasAgents #$affiliatedWith) (#$genlPreds #$hasAgents #$superiors) (#$isa #$hasAgents #$IrreflexiveBinaryPredicate) (#$arg1Isa #$hasAsCavity #$PartiallyTangible) (#$arg2Isa #$hasAsCavity #$Cavity) (#$argIsa #$hasAsCavity 2 #$Cavity) (#$argIsa #$hasAsCavity 2 #$Cavity) (#$argIsa #$hasAsCavity 1 #$PartiallyTangible) (#$argIsa #$hasAsCavity 1 #$PartiallyTangible) (#$arity #$hasAsCavity 2) (#$comment #$hasAsCavity "(#$hasAsCavity OBJECT CAVITY) means that #$PartiallyTangible OBJECT has CAVITY as a hole or cavity. #$hasAsCavity accepts both instances of #$CavityWithWalls and #$CavityInteriorRegion for CAVITY. If the type of cavity is known, use the more specific predicate #$containsCavityInteriorRegion or #$containsCavityWithWalls, as appropriate.") (#$genlPreds #$hasAsCavity #$movesWith) (#$genlPreds #$hasAsCavity #$spatiallyContains) (#$isa #$hasAsCavity #$AsymmetricBinaryPredicate) (#$isa #$hasAsCavity #$CotemporalObjectsSlot) (#$typedGenlPreds #$hasAsCavity #$spatiallyContains) (#$arg1Isa #$hasAttributes #$Thing) (#$arg2Format #$hasAttributes #$SetTheFormat) (#$arg2Isa #$hasAttributes #$AttributeValue) (#$argFormat #$hasAttributes 2 #$SetTheFormat) (#$argIsa #$hasAttributes 2 #$AttributeValue) (#$argIsa #$hasAttributes 2 #$AttributeValue) (#$argIsa #$hasAttributes 1 #$Thing) (#$argIsa #$hasAttributes 1 #$Thing) (#$arity #$hasAttributes 2) (#$comment #$hasAttributes "A very general predicate that relates a thing to an attribute or property (see #$AttributeValue) that it has. (#$hasAttributes THING ATT) means that ATT characterizes THING. There are a large number of more specialized predicates in CycL that represent more specific ways in which an attribute might characterize a thing; such predicates should be used instead of #$hasAttributes when possible. Thus #$mainColorOfObject is preferrable to #$hasAttributes for stating that a physical object has a particular main color. See also #$AttributeType.") (#$interArgIsa2-1 #$hasAttributes #$Posture #$Animal) (#$interArgIsa2-1 #$hasAttributes #$AnimalPhysiologicalAttribute #$AnimalBLO) (#$interArgIsa2-1 #$hasAttributes #$Frequency #$Event) (#$interArgIsa2-1 #$hasAttributes #$OutdoorLocationByWeatherType #$OutdoorLocation) (#$interArgIsa2-1 #$hasAttributes #$Density #$PartiallyTangible) (#$interArgIsa2-1 #$hasAttributes #$PhysicalAttributeOfTangibleOnly #$PartiallyTangible) (#$interArgIsa2-1 #$hasAttributes #$SurfaceAttribute #$PartiallyTangible) (#$interArgIsa2-1 #$hasAttributes #$HumanBehavioralAttribute #$Person) (#$interArgIsa2-1 #$hasAttributes #$MonetaryValue #$Product) (#$interArgIsa2-1 #$hasAttributes #$Time-Quantity #$TemporalThing) (#$isa #$hasAttributes #$BinaryAttributePredicate) (#$isa #$hasAttributes #$BinaryPredicate) (#$isa #$hasAttributes #$IndividualLevelPredicate) (#$relationAllExists #$hasAttributes #$PartiallyTangible #$PhysicalAttributeOfTangibleOnly) (#$relationInstanceExists #$hasAttributes (#$GenericInstanceFn #$Dog) #$PhysicalAttributeOfTangibleOnly) (#$relationInstanceExists #$hasAttributes (#$GenericInstanceFn #$Dog) #$PhysicalAttributeOfTangibleOnly) (#$transitiveViaArg #$hasAttributes #$genlAttributes 2) (#$arg1Isa #$hasBeenIn #$SpatialThing) (#$arg1Isa #$hasBeenIn #$SpatialThing-Localized) (#$arg2Isa #$hasBeenIn #$SpatialThing) (#$arg2Isa #$hasBeenIn #$SpatialThing-Localized) (#$argIsa #$hasBeenIn 1 #$SpatialThing) (#$argIsa #$hasBeenIn 1 #$SpatialThing) (#$argIsa #$hasBeenIn 2 #$SpatialThing) (#$argIsa #$hasBeenIn 2 #$SpatialThing) (#$argIsa #$hasBeenIn 1 #$SpatialThing-Localized) (#$argIsa #$hasBeenIn 2 #$SpatialThing-Localized) (#$arity #$hasBeenIn 2) (#$comment #$hasBeenIn "A predicate linking a thing to its prior history; (#$hasBeenIn OBJECT PLACE) means that the thing OBJECT has at one time during its lifetime been in (in the general sense of #$inRegion) the thing PLACE.") (#$genlPreds #$hasBeenIn #$spatiallyRelated) (#$genlPreds #$hasBeenIn #$temporallyIntersects) (#$isa #$hasBeenIn #$IrreflexiveBinaryPredicate) (#$transitiveViaArgInverse #$hasBeenIn #$geographicalSubRegions 2) (#$arg1Format #$hasBeliefSystems #$SetTheFormat) (#$arg1Isa #$hasBeliefSystems #$IntelligentAgent) (#$arg2Format #$hasBeliefSystems #$SetTheFormat) (#$arg2Isa #$hasBeliefSystems #$BeliefSystem) (#$argFormat #$hasBeliefSystems 1 #$SetTheFormat) (#$argFormat #$hasBeliefSystems 2 #$SetTheFormat) (#$argIsa #$hasBeliefSystems 2 #$BeliefSystem) (#$argIsa #$hasBeliefSystems 2 #$BeliefSystem) (#$argIsa #$hasBeliefSystems 1 #$IntelligentAgent) (#$argIsa #$hasBeliefSystems 1 #$IntelligentAgent) (#$arity #$hasBeliefSystems 2) (#$comment #$hasBeliefSystems "This predicate relates intelligent agents to belief-systems (such as religions, philosophical schools, political theories, etc.) that they accept. (#$hasBeliefSystems AGENT SYSTEM) means that AGENT holds the #$BeliefSystem SYSTEM. For example, (#$hasBeliefSystems BorisYeltsin #$RussianOrthodoxReligion) holds.") (#$genlPreds #$hasBeliefSystems #$knowsAbout) (#$isa #$hasBeliefSystems #$BinaryPredicate) (#$arg1Isa #$hasClimateType #$GeographicalRegion) (#$arg1Isa #$hasClimateType #$GeographicalRegion) (#$arg2Genl #$hasClimateType #$AnnualClimateCycle) (#$arg2Genl #$hasClimateType #$AnnualClimateCycle) (#$arg2Isa #$hasClimateType #$ClimateCycleType) (#$arg2Isa #$hasClimateType #$ClimateCycleType) (#$argGenl #$hasClimateType 2 #$AnnualClimateCycle) (#$argGenl #$hasClimateType 2 #$AnnualClimateCycle) (#$argGenl #$hasClimateType 2 #$AnnualClimateCycle) (#$argIsa #$hasClimateType 2 #$ClimateCycleType) (#$argIsa #$hasClimateType 2 #$ClimateCycleType) (#$argIsa #$hasClimateType 2 #$ClimateCycleType) (#$argIsa #$hasClimateType 1 #$GeographicalRegion) (#$argIsa #$hasClimateType 1 #$GeographicalRegion) (#$argIsa #$hasClimateType 1 #$GeographicalRegion) (#$arity #$hasClimateType 2) (#$comment #$hasClimateType "The predicate #$hasClimateType relates a particular region to the type of climate had in that region. (#$hasClimateType AREA CLIME) means that the climate in the #$GeographicalRegion AREA is of the #$ClimateCycleType CLIME. See also #$ClimateCycleType, #$AnnualClimateCycle.") (#$isa #$hasClimateType #$BinaryPredicate) (#$isa #$hasClimateType #$ObjectPredicate) (#$arg1Format #$hasDenotatum #$SetTheFormat) (#$arg1Isa #$hasDenotatum #$CycLTerm) (#$argFormat #$hasDenotatum 1 #$SetTheFormat) (#$argIsa #$hasDenotatum 1 #$CycLTerm) (#$argIsa #$hasDenotatum 1 #$CycLTerm) (#$arity #$hasDenotatum 1) (#$comment #$hasDenotatum "A unary #$MetaLanguagePredicate (q.v.) that holds of instances of #$CycLTerm that denote or refer to something in the intended model of the CycL language. (#$hasDenotatum TERM) means that there is something THING such that TERM denotes (see #$denotes) THING. Note that #$hasDenotatum's argument-place is _not_ implicitly quoted (see #$quotedArgument); instead, TERM will often be an explicitly quoted term -- i.e. something wrapped in the syncategorematic quotation symbol `#$Quote' (see #$Quote). For example, the sentence `(#$hasDenotatum (#$Quote #$Plato))' means that the CycL term `#$Plato' denotes something, which is true because that term denotes the man Plato. But note that the argument to #$denotes need not be quoted. Suppose (e.g.) that the term `#$Plato' were the CycL constant most beloved of #$Cyclists, and that a new constant `CyclistsFavoriteConstant' were reified and defined so as to reflect this fact. Then `CyclistsFavoriteConstant' would refer to the CycL constant `#$Plato', which in turn denotes the man Plato; and so the sentence `(#$hasDenotatum CyclistsFavoriteConstant)' would be true. Note finally that the sentence `(#$hasDenotatum #$Plato)' is _not_ true, as it means that the man Plato is a CycL term that denotes something, which is a patent falsehood since no man is a CycL term and no man denotes anything. See also #$EscapeQuote, #$quotedIsa, and the shared #$NoteAboutQuotingInCycL.") (#$isa #$hasDenotatum #$MetaKnowledgePredicate) (#$isa #$hasDenotatum #$MetaLanguagePredicate) (#$isa #$hasDenotatum #$RuleMacroPredicate) (#$isa #$hasDenotatum #$UnaryPredicate) (#$sharedNotes #$hasDenotatum #$NoteAboutQuotingInCycL) (#$arg1Format #$hasEmotionAbout #$SetTheFormat) (#$arg1Isa #$hasEmotionAbout #$Agent-Generic) (#$arg1Isa #$hasEmotionAbout #$Agent-Generic) (#$arg2Format #$hasEmotionAbout #$SetTheFormat) (#$arg2Isa #$hasEmotionAbout #$Thing) (#$arg2Isa #$hasEmotionAbout #$Thing) (#$argFormat #$hasEmotionAbout 1 #$SetTheFormat) (#$argFormat #$hasEmotionAbout 2 #$SetTheFormat) (#$argIsa #$hasEmotionAbout 1 #$Agent-Generic) (#$argIsa #$hasEmotionAbout 1 #$Agent-Generic) (#$argIsa #$hasEmotionAbout 1 #$Agent-Generic) (#$argIsa #$hasEmotionAbout 2 #$Thing) (#$argIsa #$hasEmotionAbout 2 #$Thing) (#$argIsa #$hasEmotionAbout 2 #$Thing) (#$arity #$hasEmotionAbout 2) (#$comment #$hasEmotionAbout "(#$hasEmotionAbout AGENT THING) means that AGENT has some emotion of some kind about THING. This means that the agent [#$Agent] is also #$awareOf THING. One should normally use a more specific predicate than #$hasEmotionAbout, depending upon the type of emotion and whether THING is a proposition [#$ELSentence-Assertible] a collection, a #$TemporalThing, or something else.") (#$genlPreds #$hasEmotionAbout #$awareOf) (#$isa #$hasEmotionAbout #$BinaryPredicate) (#$arg1Format #$hasEmotionAboutExistingThing #$SetTheFormat) (#$arg1Isa #$hasEmotionAboutExistingThing #$PerceptualAgent) (#$arg1Isa #$hasEmotionAboutExistingThing #$PerceptualAgent) (#$arg2Format #$hasEmotionAboutExistingThing #$SetTheFormat) (#$arg2Isa #$hasEmotionAboutExistingThing #$SomethingExisting) (#$arg2Isa #$hasEmotionAboutExistingThing #$SomethingExisting) (#$argFormat #$hasEmotionAboutExistingThing 1 #$SetTheFormat) (#$argFormat #$hasEmotionAboutExistingThing 2 #$SetTheFormat) (#$argIsa #$hasEmotionAboutExistingThing 1 #$PerceptualAgent) (#$argIsa #$hasEmotionAboutExistingThing 1 #$PerceptualAgent) (#$argIsa #$hasEmotionAboutExistingThing 1 #$PerceptualAgent) (#$argIsa #$hasEmotionAboutExistingThing 2 #$SomethingExisting) (#$argIsa #$hasEmotionAboutExistingThing 2 #$SomethingExisting) (#$argIsa #$hasEmotionAboutExistingThing 2 #$SomethingExisting) (#$arity #$hasEmotionAboutExistingThing 2) (#$comment #$hasEmotionAboutExistingThing "(#$hasEmotionAboutExistingThing AGENT OBJ) means that when the sentient agent AGENT is interacting in some way with OBJ, that agent feels some emotion --- that is, (#$feelsEmotion AGENT ). The kinds of interactions that produce such emotion depend largely on what kind of thing OBJ is. Thus, `Joe likes the Mona Lisa' implies that Joe feels Enjoyment when viewing the Mona Lisa. But `Joe dislikes pizza' implies that Joe feels displeasure [(#$LowAmountFn #$Pleasure-Feeling)] when eating that kind of food. Use specializations of #$hasEmotionAboutExistingThing (including #$likesObject and #$dislikesObject) whenever possible.") (#$genlPreds #$hasEmotionAboutExistingThing #$hasEmotionAbout) (#$genlPreds #$hasEmotionAboutExistingThing #$vestedInterest) (#$isa #$hasEmotionAboutExistingThing #$BinaryPredicate) (#$isa #$hasEmotionAboutExistingThing #$CognitiveAwarenessPredicate) (#$isa #$hasEmotionAboutExistingThing #$ObjectPredicate) (#$typedGenlPreds #$hasEmotionAboutExistingThing #$hasEmotionAbout) (#$arg1Format #$hasEmotionAboutProposition #$SetTheFormat) (#$arg1Isa #$hasEmotionAboutProposition #$IntelligentAgent) (#$arg1Isa #$hasEmotionAboutProposition #$IntelligentAgent) (#$arg2Format #$hasEmotionAboutProposition #$SetTheFormat) (#$arg2Isa #$hasEmotionAboutProposition #$ELSentence-Assertible) (#$arg2Isa #$hasEmotionAboutProposition #$ELSentence-Assertible) (#$argFormat #$hasEmotionAboutProposition 1 #$SetTheFormat) (#$argFormat #$hasEmotionAboutProposition 2 #$SetTheFormat) (#$argIsa #$hasEmotionAboutProposition 2 #$ELSentence-Assertible) (#$argIsa #$hasEmotionAboutProposition 2 #$ELSentence-Assertible) (#$argIsa #$hasEmotionAboutProposition 2 #$ELSentence-Assertible) (#$argIsa #$hasEmotionAboutProposition 1 #$IntelligentAgent) (#$argIsa #$hasEmotionAboutProposition 1 #$IntelligentAgent) (#$argIsa #$hasEmotionAboutProposition 1 #$IntelligentAgent) (#$arity #$hasEmotionAboutProposition 2) (#$comment #$hasEmotionAboutProposition "(#$hasEmotionAboutProposition AGENT PROP) means that AGENT has some emotion of some kind about the proposition, PROP. Normally a more specialized predicate is used.") (#$genlPreds #$hasEmotionAboutProposition #$awareOfProp) (#$genlPreds #$hasEmotionAboutProposition #$hasEmotionAbout) (#$isa #$hasEmotionAboutProposition #$BinaryPredicate) (#$isa #$hasEmotionAboutProposition #$PropositionPredicate) (#$typedGenlPreds #$hasEmotionAboutProposition #$hasEmotionAbout) (#$arg1Isa #$hasHabitat #$Organism-Whole) (#$arg1Isa #$hasHabitat #$Organism-Whole) (#$arg2Format #$hasHabitat #$SingleEntry) (#$arg2Isa #$hasHabitat #$EcologicalRegion) (#$arg2Isa #$hasHabitat #$EcologicalRegion) (#$argFormat #$hasHabitat 2 #$SingleEntry) (#$argIsa #$hasHabitat 2 #$EcologicalRegion) (#$argIsa #$hasHabitat 2 #$EcologicalRegion) (#$argIsa #$hasHabitat 2 #$EcologicalRegion) (#$argIsa #$hasHabitat 1 #$Organism-Whole) (#$argIsa #$hasHabitat 1 #$Organism-Whole) (#$argIsa #$hasHabitat 1 #$Organism-Whole) (#$arity #$hasHabitat 2) (#$comment #$hasHabitat "The predicate #$hasHabitat is used to relate an organism to the region where it lives. (#$hasHabitat ORG REGION) means that the organism ORG lives in the #$EcologicalRegion REGION. Typically, REGION will belong to one of the subsets of #$EcologicalRegion which represent specific biomes (e.g., #$Desert, #$CoralReef). See also #$residesInRegion.") (#$functionalInArgs #$hasHabitat 2) (#$genlPreds #$hasHabitat #$permanentLocationOfObject) (#$isa #$hasHabitat #$BinaryPredicate) (#$isa #$hasHabitat #$StrictlyFunctionalSlot) (#$strictlyFunctionalInArgs #$hasHabitat 2) (#$arg1Format #$hasHeadquartersInCountry #$SetTheFormat) (#$arg1Isa #$hasHeadquartersInCountry #$Organization) (#$arg1Isa #$hasHeadquartersInCountry #$Organization) (#$arg2Format #$hasHeadquartersInCountry #$SetTheFormat) (#$arg2Isa #$hasHeadquartersInCountry #$Country) (#$arg2Isa #$hasHeadquartersInCountry #$Country) (#$argFormat #$hasHeadquartersInCountry 1 #$SetTheFormat) (#$argFormat #$hasHeadquartersInCountry 2 #$SetTheFormat) (#$argIsa #$hasHeadquartersInCountry 2 #$Country) (#$argIsa #$hasHeadquartersInCountry 2 #$Country) (#$argIsa #$hasHeadquartersInCountry 2 #$Country) (#$argIsa #$hasHeadquartersInCountry 1 #$Organization) (#$argIsa #$hasHeadquartersInCountry 1 #$Organization) (#$argIsa #$hasHeadquartersInCountry 1 #$Organization) (#$arity #$hasHeadquartersInCountry 2) (#$comment #$hasHeadquartersInCountry "The predicate #$hasHeadquartersInCountry identifies a country in which a particular organization has one of its headquarters. (#$hasHeadquartersInCountry ORG COUNTRY) means that the #$Organization ORG has one of its headquarters and places of primary central control in the #$Country COUNTRY.") (#$genlPreds #$hasHeadquartersInCountry #$basedInRegion) (#$genlPreds #$hasHeadquartersInCountry #$officeInCountry) (#$isa #$hasHeadquartersInCountry #$AsymmetricBinaryPredicate) (#$negationInverse #$hasHeadquartersInCountry #$hasHeadquartersInCountry) (#$negationInverse #$hasHeadquartersInCountry #$hasHeadquartersInCountry) (#$relationAllInstance #$hasHeadquartersInCountry #$USFederalGovernmentOrganization #$UnitedStatesOfAmerica) (#$arg1Format #$hasLevels #$singleEntryFormatInArgs) (#$arg1Isa #$hasLevels #$ConstructionArtifact) (#$arg1Isa #$hasLevels #$ConstructionArtifact) (#$arg2Format #$hasLevels #$openEntryFormatInArgs) (#$arg2Isa #$hasLevels #$LevelOfAConstruction) (#$arg2Isa #$hasLevels #$LevelOfAConstruction) (#$argFormat #$hasLevels 2 #$openEntryFormatInArgs) (#$argFormat #$hasLevels 1 #$singleEntryFormatInArgs) (#$argIsa #$hasLevels 1 #$ConstructionArtifact) (#$argIsa #$hasLevels 1 #$ConstructionArtifact) (#$argIsa #$hasLevels 1 #$ConstructionArtifact) (#$argIsa #$hasLevels 2 #$LevelOfAConstruction) (#$argIsa #$hasLevels 2 #$LevelOfAConstruction) (#$argIsa #$hasLevels 2 #$LevelOfAConstruction) (#$arity #$hasLevels 2) (#$comment #$hasLevels "This predicate relates buildings (or other instances of #$ConstructionArtifact) to their levels. (#$hasLevels ARTIFACT LEVEL) means that LEVEL is a level (e.g., a floor) of ARTIFACT.") (#$genlPreds #$hasLevels #$physicalParts) (#$isa #$hasLevels #$AntiSymmetricBinaryPredicate) (#$isa #$hasLevels #$CotemporalObjectsSlot) (#$isa #$hasLevels #$FunctionalPredicate) (#$isa #$hasLevels #$PhysicalPartPredicate) (#$relationAllExists #$hasLevels #$HumanShelterConstruction #$AboveGroundLevelInAConstruction) (#$relationAllExists #$hasLevels #$ModernShelterConstruction #$BasementLevelInAConstruction) (#$arg1Format #$hasMembers #$SetTheFormat) (#$arg1Isa #$hasMembers #$Organization) (#$arg1Isa #$hasMembers #$Organization) (#$arg2Format #$hasMembers #$SetTheFormat) (#$arg2Isa #$hasMembers #$Agent) (#$arg2Isa #$hasMembers #$Agent) (#$argFormat #$hasMembers 1 #$SetTheFormat) (#$argFormat #$hasMembers 2 #$SetTheFormat) (#$argIsa #$hasMembers 2 #$Agent) (#$argIsa #$hasMembers 2 #$Agent) (#$argIsa #$hasMembers 2 #$Agent) (#$argIsa #$hasMembers 1 #$Organization) (#$argIsa #$hasMembers 1 #$Organization) (#$argIsa #$hasMembers 1 #$Organization) (#$arity #$hasMembers 2) (#$comment #$hasMembers "The predicate #$hasMembers relates a particular organization to the agents who are members of that organization. This predicate indicates `generic' membership, although there may be specialized kinds of membership in the same organization. (#$hasMembers ORG AGENT) means that AGENT is a member of the #$Organization ORG; typically, membership eligibility is determined by ORG and accepted with AGENT's voluntary affiliation. In general, a member may be any #$Agent, including other #$Organizations (such as member countries in the United Nations), although only instances of #$Person can be members of instances of #$OrganizationOfPeopleOnly. The truth of an assertion made with #$hasMembers may be time-dependent and, if so, should be qualified appropriately. For example, (#$holdsIn (#$YearFn 1975) (#$hasMembers #$UnitedNationsOrganization #$Taiwan-RepublicOfChina)) is true, but (#$holdsIn (#$YearFn 1995) (#$hasMembers #$UnitedNationsOrganization #$Taiwan-RepublicOfChina)) is not.") (#$genlPreds #$hasMembers #$affiliatedWith) (#$genlPreds #$hasMembers #$groupMembers) (#$genlPreds #$hasMembers #$spatiallyRelated) (#$interArgIsa1-2 #$hasMembers #$SportsTeam #$Athlete) (#$interArgIsa1-2 #$hasMembers #$SportsTeam #$Athlete) (#$isa #$hasMembers #$BinaryPredicate) (#$isa #$hasMembers #$CotemporalObjectsSlot) (#$relationAllExists #$hasMembers #$SportsTeam #$Athlete) (#$relationAllExists #$hasMembers #$OrganizationOfPeopleOnly #$Person) (#$relationAllExists #$hasMembers #$Organization #$SpatialThing-Localized) (#$relationExistsAll #$hasMembers #$Army-BranchOfService #$ArmyPersonnel) (#$relationExistsAll #$hasMembers #$MarineCorps #$MarinePersonnel) (#$relationExistsAll #$hasMembers #$MilitaryOrganization #$MilitaryPerson) (#$relationExistsAll #$hasMembers #$Navy #$NavyPersonnel) (#$relationExistsAll #$hasMembers #$EducationalOrganization #$Student) (#$typedGenlPreds #$hasMembers #$groupMembers) (#$minimizeExtent #$hasMembers) (#$arg1Isa #$hasOpinionAsToTruthOf #$IntelligentAgent) (#$arg2Format #$hasOpinionAsToTruthOf #$SetTheFormat) (#$arg2Isa #$hasOpinionAsToTruthOf #$ELSentence-Assertible) (#$argFormat #$hasOpinionAsToTruthOf 2 #$SetTheFormat) (#$argIsa #$hasOpinionAsToTruthOf 2 #$ELSentence-Assertible) (#$argIsa #$hasOpinionAsToTruthOf 2 #$ELSentence-Assertible) (#$argIsa #$hasOpinionAsToTruthOf 1 #$IntelligentAgent) (#$argIsa #$hasOpinionAsToTruthOf 1 #$IntelligentAgent) (#$arity #$hasOpinionAsToTruthOf 2) (#$comment #$hasOpinionAsToTruthOf "(#$hasOpinionAsToTruthOf AGT PROP) means that the Agent AGT has an opinion as to the truth of the proposition PROP. This may be knowledge, doubt, or a mere feeling. See the specPreds, #$beliefs, #$knows, #$opinions, #$biases, #$notices, and #$doubts.") (#$genlPreds #$hasOpinionAsToTruthOf #$awareOfProp) (#$isa #$hasOpinionAsToTruthOf #$PropositionalAttitudeSlot) (#$arg1Isa #$hasOwnershipIn #$Agent) (#$arg1Isa #$hasOwnershipIn #$Agent) (#$arg2Isa #$hasOwnershipIn #$SomethingExisting) (#$arg2Isa #$hasOwnershipIn #$SomethingExisting) (#$argIsa #$hasOwnershipIn 1 #$Agent) (#$argIsa #$hasOwnershipIn 1 #$Agent) (#$argIsa #$hasOwnershipIn 1 #$Agent) (#$argIsa #$hasOwnershipIn 2 #$SomethingExisting) (#$argIsa #$hasOwnershipIn 2 #$SomethingExisting) (#$argIsa #$hasOwnershipIn 2 #$SomethingExisting) (#$arity #$hasOwnershipIn 2) (#$comment #$hasOwnershipIn "This predicate relates agents to things of which they have part or whole ownership. (#$hasOwnershipIn AGENT THING) means that AGENT owns a part (or the whole) of THING. For example, Ted Turner #$hasOwnershipIn Atlanta's Olympic Stadium; there may be other owners. See also #$legalOwnerOf and #$ownsShare.") (#$genlPreds #$hasOwnershipIn #$positiveVestedInterest) (#$isa #$hasOwnershipIn #$BinaryPredicate) (#$arg1Isa #$hasPatients #$MedicalCareProvider) (#$arg1Isa #$hasPatients #$MedicalCareProvider) (#$arg2Format #$hasPatients #$SetTheFormat) (#$arg2Isa #$hasPatients #$Animal) (#$arg2Isa #$hasPatients #$Animal) (#$argFormat #$hasPatients 2 #$SetTheFormat) (#$argIsa #$hasPatients 2 #$Animal) (#$argIsa #$hasPatients 2 #$Animal) (#$argIsa #$hasPatients 2 #$Animal) (#$argIsa #$hasPatients 1 #$MedicalCareProvider) (#$argIsa #$hasPatients 1 #$MedicalCareProvider) (#$argIsa #$hasPatients 1 #$MedicalCareProvider) (#$arity #$hasPatients 2) (#$comment #$hasPatients "The predicate #$hasPatients represents a relationship between a medical professional and a patient (including nonhuman animals). (#$hasPatients MEDIC PATIENT) means that the #$MedicalCareProvider MEDIC is treating the recipient-of-care PATIENT. PATIENT may be a human or a nonhuman animal. An assertion using #$hasPatients holds only during the time that PATIENT has a condition that is being treated by MEDIC; it does not represent or imply a long term doctor-patient relationship.") (#$genlPreds #$hasPatients #$clients) (#$isa #$hasPatients #$IrreflexiveBinaryPredicate) (#$arg1Format #$hasPortalToRegion #$SetTheFormat) (#$arg1Isa #$hasPortalToRegion #$PartiallyTangible) (#$arg1Isa #$hasPortalToRegion #$PartiallyTangible) (#$arg2Format #$hasPortalToRegion #$SetTheFormat) (#$arg2Isa #$hasPortalToRegion #$PartiallyTangible) (#$arg2Isa #$hasPortalToRegion #$PartiallyTangible) (#$argFormat #$hasPortalToRegion 1 #$SetTheFormat) (#$argFormat #$hasPortalToRegion 2 #$SetTheFormat) (#$argIsa #$hasPortalToRegion 1 #$PartiallyTangible) (#$argIsa #$hasPortalToRegion 1 #$PartiallyTangible) (#$argIsa #$hasPortalToRegion 1 #$PartiallyTangible) (#$argIsa #$hasPortalToRegion 2 #$PartiallyTangible) (#$argIsa #$hasPortalToRegion 2 #$PartiallyTangible) (#$argIsa #$hasPortalToRegion 2 #$PartiallyTangible) (#$arity #$hasPortalToRegion 2) (#$comment #$hasPortalToRegion "A #$CotemporalObjectsSlot that is a specialization of both #$near and #$temporallyIntersects. (#$hasPortalToRegion OBJ1 OBJ2) means that OBJ1 is connected to OBJ2 by some type of #$Portal (q.v.). For example, (#$hasPortalToRegion MyMasterBedroom MyMasterBathroom). See also #$portalConnectsRegions.") (#$genlInverse #$hasPortalToRegion #$hasPortalToRegion) (#$genlInverse #$hasPortalToRegion #$hasPortalToRegion) (#$genlPreds #$hasPortalToRegion #$near) (#$genlPreds #$hasPortalToRegion #$temporallyIntersects) (#$isa #$hasPortalToRegion #$CotemporalObjectsSlot) (#$isa #$hasPortalToRegion #$SymmetricBinaryPredicate) (#$arg1Format #$hasRooms #$partsEntryFormatInArgs) (#$arg1Format #$hasRooms #$singleEntryFormatInArgs) (#$arg1Isa #$hasRooms #$ConstructionArtifact) (#$arg2Format #$hasRooms #$openEntryFormatInArgs) (#$arg2Isa #$hasRooms #$RoomInAConstruction) (#$argFormat #$hasRooms 2 #$openEntryFormatInArgs) (#$argFormat #$hasRooms 1 #$partsEntryFormatInArgs) (#$argFormat #$hasRooms 1 #$singleEntryFormatInArgs) (#$argIsa #$hasRooms 1 #$ConstructionArtifact) (#$argIsa #$hasRooms 1 #$ConstructionArtifact) (#$argIsa #$hasRooms 2 #$RoomInAConstruction) (#$argIsa #$hasRooms 2 #$RoomInAConstruction) (#$arity #$hasRooms 2) (#$comment #$hasRooms "(#$hasRooms BUILD ROOM) means that the #$SpaceInAHOC ROOM is a room or demarcated space which is physically contained within the #$ConstructionArtifact BUILD, and that ROOM is not removable from BUILD. Spaces that can be identified in this way include lobbies, hallways, kitchens, closets, dining rooms, gymnasia, studios, stairwells, and bedrooms.") (#$genlInverse #$hasRooms #$in-ContGeneric) (#$genlPreds #$hasRooms #$containsCavityWithWalls) (#$genlPreds #$hasRooms #$internalParts) (#$isa #$hasRooms #$AsymmetricBinaryPredicate) (#$isa #$hasRooms #$BinaryPredicate) (#$isa #$hasRooms #$CotemporalObjectsSlot) (#$isa #$hasRooms #$PhysicalPartPredicate) (#$negationInverse #$hasRooms #$hasRooms) (#$relationAllExists #$hasRooms #$Building #$RoomInAConstruction) (#$relationExistsCountAll #$hasRooms #$ConstructionArtifact #$RoomInAConstruction 1) (#$typedGenlInverse #$hasRooms #$in-ContGeneric) (#$typedGenlPreds #$hasRooms #$containsCavityWithWalls) (#$typedGenlPreds #$hasRooms #$internalParts) (#$arg1Format #$hasSameEntityAs #$SetTheFormat) (#$arg1Isa #$hasSameEntityAs #$SomethingExisting) (#$arg2Format #$hasSameEntityAs #$SetTheFormat) (#$arg2Isa #$hasSameEntityAs #$SomethingExisting) (#$argFormat #$hasSameEntityAs 1 #$SetTheFormat) (#$argFormat #$hasSameEntityAs 2 #$SetTheFormat) (#$argIsa #$hasSameEntityAs 1 #$SomethingExisting) (#$argIsa #$hasSameEntityAs 1 #$SomethingExisting) (#$argIsa #$hasSameEntityAs 2 #$SomethingExisting) (#$argIsa #$hasSameEntityAs 2 #$SomethingExisting) (#$arity #$hasSameEntityAs 2) (#$comment #$hasSameEntityAs "(#$hasSameEntityAs X Y) indicates that X and Y are both subabstractions of the same #$Entity. The unique #$Entity of which X is an #$entitySubAbstractions is the same as the unique #$Entity of which Y is an #$entitySubAbstractions. For instance, AlbertEinsteinAsAnAdult and AlbertEinsteinWhileAtPrinceton are in this relationship.") (#$genlInverse #$hasSameEntityAs #$hasSameEntityAs) (#$isa #$hasSameEntityAs #$EquivalenceRelation) (#$isa #$hasSameEntityAs #$InterExistingObjectPredicate) (#$arg1Isa #$hasSequentialProgramSteps #$ProgramStepSequence) (#$arg1Isa #$hasSequentialProgramSteps #$ProgramStepSequence) (#$arg2Isa #$hasSequentialProgramSteps #$ProgramStep) (#$arg2Isa #$hasSequentialProgramSteps #$ProgramStep) (#$argAndRestIsa #$hasSequentialProgramSteps 2 #$ProgramStep) (#$argIsa #$hasSequentialProgramSteps 2 #$ProgramStep) (#$argIsa #$hasSequentialProgramSteps 2 #$ProgramStep) (#$argIsa #$hasSequentialProgramSteps 2 #$ProgramStep) (#$argIsa #$hasSequentialProgramSteps 1 #$ProgramStepSequence) (#$argIsa #$hasSequentialProgramSteps 1 #$ProgramStepSequence) (#$argIsa #$hasSequentialProgramSteps 1 #$ProgramStepSequence) (#$arityMin #$hasSequentialProgramSteps 2) (#$comment #$hasSequentialProgramSteps "(#$hasSequentialProgramSteps PROGRAM_STEP_SEQUENCE PROGRAM_STEP1 PROGRAM_STEP2 ...) means that PROGRAM_STEP_SEQUENCE is an instance of #$ProgramStepSequence whose sequential steps are those following in the assertion.") (#$isa #$hasSequentialProgramSteps #$Predicate) (#$isa #$hasSequentialProgramSteps #$VariableArityRelation) (#$arg1Format #$hasWorkers #$SetTheFormat) (#$arg1Isa #$hasWorkers #$Agent) (#$arg1Isa #$hasWorkers #$Agent) (#$arg2Format #$hasWorkers #$SetTheFormat) (#$arg2Isa #$hasWorkers #$Agent) (#$arg2Isa #$hasWorkers #$Agent) (#$argFormat #$hasWorkers 1 #$SetTheFormat) (#$argFormat #$hasWorkers 2 #$SetTheFormat) (#$argIsa #$hasWorkers 1 #$Agent) (#$argIsa #$hasWorkers 1 #$Agent) (#$argIsa #$hasWorkers 1 #$Agent) (#$argIsa #$hasWorkers 2 #$Agent) (#$argIsa #$hasWorkers 2 #$Agent) (#$argIsa #$hasWorkers 2 #$Agent) (#$arity #$hasWorkers 2) (#$comment #$hasWorkers "The predicate #$hasWorkers relates two instances of #$Agent. (#$hasWorkers AGENT1 AGENT2) means that AGENT2 regularly works for AGENT1. This predicate can be used to relate a business to its employees, a master craftsman to his apprentices, or an organization to its subcontractors. Note that (#$hasWorkers AGENT1 AGENT2) does not necessarily imply that AGENT2 is an employee of AGENT1, since AGENT2 may be working voluntarily for AGENT1. Note also that assertions using #$hasWorkers should usually be temporally qualified, since when one agent regularly works for another, that agent usually does so only for a portion of his, her, or its life, rather than for all of it.") (#$genlPreds #$hasWorkers #$hasAgents) (#$genlPreds #$hasWorkers #$receivesServicesFrom) (#$genlPreds #$hasWorkers #$worksWith) (#$isa #$hasWorkers #$CotemporalObjectsSlot) (#$isa #$hasWorkers #$IrreflexiveBinaryPredicate) (#$comment #$Hat "#$Hat is a specialization of #$ClothingAccessory. Each instance of #$Hat is either a hat or other headgear or hatlike object. Specializations of #$Hat include #$Helmet, #$SwimmingCap, and #$Sombrero.") (#$disjointWith #$Hat #$Connector) (#$disjointWith #$Hat #$TransportationContainerProduct) (#$genls #$Hat #$ClothingAccessory) (#$genls #$Hat #$Individual) (#$isa #$Hat #$ExistingObjectType) (#$isa #$Hat #$ProductType) (#$comment #$Hate "An intense feeling of hostility and aversion, usually deriving from fear, anger, or a sense of injury, and usually coupled with enmity and malice. This is a #$Collection --- for an explanation of that, see #$Happiness.") (#$genls #$Hate #$Dislike) (#$genls #$Hate #$Hostility) (#$isa #$Hate #$AtemporalNecessarilyEssentialCollectionType) (#$isa #$Hate #$FeelingType) (#$comment #$HavingAMeal "A specialization of #$EatingEvent. Each instance of #$HavingAMeal is an event in which one or more diners consume a meal. Notable specializations of #$HavingAMeal include #$HavingBreakfast, #$HavingLunch, #$HavingDinner, and #$HavingASnack.") (#$disjointWith #$HavingAMeal #$ActsCommonlyConsideredCriminal) (#$disjointWith #$HavingAMeal #$ConflictEvent) (#$genls #$HavingAMeal #$EatingEvent) (#$genls #$HavingAMeal #$HumanActivity) (#$genls #$HavingAMeal #$Individual) (#$isa #$HavingAMeal #$DefaultDisjointScriptType) (#$isa #$HavingAMeal #$TemporalObjectType) (#$comment #$Head-AnimalBodyPart "The collection of all heads of #$Animals. ") (#$disjointWith #$Head-AnimalBodyPart #$Skin) (#$disjointWith #$Head-AnimalBodyPart #$Trunk-BodyCore) (#$genls #$Head-AnimalBodyPart #$AnimalBodyPart) (#$genls #$Head-AnimalBodyPart #$ExternalAnatomicalPart) (#$genls #$Head-AnimalBodyPart #$Individual) (#$isa #$Head-AnimalBodyPart #$AnimalBodyPartType) (#$isa #$Head-AnimalBodyPart #$UniqueAnatomicalPartType) (#$isa #$Head-AnimalBodyPart #$UniqueAnatomicalPartType) (#$comment #$HeadFinalMultiWordForConstantPred "The specialization MultiWordForConstantPred that maps from head-final lexical items to Cyc constnts.") (#$genls #$HeadFinalMultiWordForConstantPred #$MultiWordForConstantPred) (#$genls #$HeadFinalMultiWordForConstantPred #$NLSemanticPredicate) (#$isa #$HeadFinalMultiWordForConstantPred #$PredicateCategory) (#$comment #$HeadInitialMultiWordForConstantPred "The specialization MultiWordForConstantPred that maps from head-initial lexical items to Cyc constnts.") (#$genls #$HeadInitialMultiWordForConstantPred #$MultiWordForConstantPred) (#$genls #$HeadInitialMultiWordForConstantPred #$NLSemanticPredicate) (#$isa #$HeadInitialMultiWordForConstantPred #$PredicateCategory) (#$comment #$HeadMedialMultiWordForConstantPred "The specialization MultiWordForConstantPred that maps from head-medial lexical items to Cyc constnts.") (#$genls #$HeadMedialMultiWordForConstantPred #$MultiWordForConstantPred) (#$genls #$HeadMedialMultiWordForConstantPred #$NLSemanticPredicate) (#$isa #$HeadMedialMultiWordForConstantPred #$PredicateCategory) (#$comment #$HeadOfGovernment "An instance of #$PersonTypeByPositionInOrg, and a specialization of #$Politician. Each instance of #$HeadOfGovernment is a person who holds a political position as the head of the government of some instance of #$Country. See the #$sharedNotes #$GovernmentLeaderNote for an explanation of the distinction between #$HeadOfGovernment and #$HeadOfState (q.v.).") (#$genls #$HeadOfGovernment #$Individual) (#$genls #$HeadOfGovernment #$Leader) (#$genls #$HeadOfGovernment #$Politician) (#$isa #$HeadOfGovernment #$PersonTypeByOccupation) (#$isa #$HeadOfGovernment #$PersonTypeByPositionInOrg) (#$sharedNotes #$HeadOfGovernment #$GovernmentLeaderNote) (#$comment #$HeadOfState "A collection of persons. Each instance of #$HeadOfState is a person who holds a political position as the titular leader of some instance of #$Country. Titles that such a person might hold include President, Premier, Chairman, Sultan, King or Queen, or Regent. Examples of #$HeadOfState: #$BillClinton, #$QueenElizabethII, Yasser Arafat, Hirohito, Jiang Zemin. See also the related constants #$titleOfPosition and #$HeadOfGovernment.") (#$genls #$HeadOfState #$Individual) (#$genls #$HeadOfState #$Leader) (#$genls #$HeadOfState #$Politician) (#$isa #$HeadOfState #$PersonTypeByOccupation) (#$isa #$HeadOfState #$PersonTypeByPositionInOrg) (#$sharedNotes #$HeadOfState #$GovernmentLeaderNote) (#$arg1Isa #$headquarters #$Organization) (#$arg1Isa #$headquarters #$Organization) (#$arg2Isa #$headquarters #$ConstructionArtifact) (#$arg2Isa #$headquarters #$ConstructionArtifact) (#$argIsa #$headquarters 2 #$ConstructionArtifact) (#$argIsa #$headquarters 2 #$ConstructionArtifact) (#$argIsa #$headquarters 2 #$ConstructionArtifact) (#$argIsa #$headquarters 1 #$Organization) (#$argIsa #$headquarters 1 #$Organization) (#$argIsa #$headquarters 1 #$Organization) (#$arity #$headquarters 2) (#$comment #$headquarters "The predicate #$headquarters relates a particular organization to the construction artifact(s) which serve as its headquarters. (#$headquarters ORG HEADQUARTERS) means that the #$ConstructionArtifact HEADQUARTERS (which typically will be a group of buildings, rooms, or offices) houses the main administrative and decision-making bodies of the #$Organization ORG.") (#$genlPreds #$headquarters #$physicalQuarters) (#$isa #$headquarters #$BinaryPredicate) (#$isa #$headquarters #$CotemporalObjectsSlot) (#$isa #$headquarters #$PartPredicate) (#$comment #$Head-Vertebrate "The collection of all heads of #$Vertebrates (animals with backbones). Vertebrate heads all have faces (see #$FaceOfAnimal) and connect to the animal's torso via a neck; these things are not generally true for most non-vertebrates.") (#$genls #$Head-Vertebrate #$Head-AnimalBodyPart) (#$genls #$Head-Vertebrate #$Individual) (#$isa #$Head-Vertebrate #$AnimalBodyPartType) (#$isa #$Head-Vertebrate #$UniqueAnatomicalPartType) (#$isa #$Head-Vertebrate #$UniqueAnatomicalPartType) (#$comment #$HealthcareOrganization "Each instance of #$HealthcareOrganization is an #$Organization that is primarily or significantly engaged in the #$HealthcareIndustry or whose activities focus on that industry. All of #$OccupationalSafetyAndHealthAdministration, #$AmericanMedicalAssociation and #$SetonNorthwestHospital are instances of #$HealthcareOrganization.") (#$disjointWith #$HealthcareOrganization #$ConstructionRepairOrMaintenanceOrganization) (#$disjointWith #$HealthcareOrganization #$TransportationOrganization) (#$disjointWith #$HealthcareOrganization #$TravelOrganization) (#$genls #$HealthcareOrganization #$Individual) (#$genls #$HealthcareOrganization #$Organization) (#$isa #$HealthcareOrganization #$ExistingObjectType) (#$isa #$HealthcareOrganization #$OrganizationTypeByIndustry) (#$comment #$HealthProfessional "An instance of #$PersonTypeByOccupation, and a specialization of #$Professional-Adult. Each instance of #$HealthProfessional is a person employed in some health-related field. Specializations of #$HealthProfessional include #$MedicalCareProfessional and #$HealthInspector") (#$genls #$HealthProfessional #$HumanAdult) (#$genls #$HealthProfessional #$Individual) (#$genls #$HealthProfessional #$PersonWithOccupation) (#$isa #$HealthProfessional #$PersonTypeByOccupation) (#$comment #$Hearing "The collection of sensory #$Perceivings in which, by means of vibratory sensors, a #$PerceptualAgent #$hears something that is causing (or consisting of) sound waves, and thereby acquires information about it. See also: #$ListeningDeliberately, the subcollection of #$Hearing events in which the aural stimulus is intentionally attended to.") (#$genls #$Hearing #$Individual) (#$genls #$Hearing #$Perceiving) (#$isa #$Hearing #$DefaultDisjointScriptType) (#$isa #$Hearing #$MammalCapabilityType) (#$isa #$Hearing #$TemporalStuffType) (#$arg1Isa #$hears #$PerceptualAgent) (#$arg1Isa #$hears #$PerceptualAgent) (#$arg2Format #$hears #$SetTheFormat) (#$arg2Isa #$hears #$SpatialThing-Localized) (#$arg2Isa #$hears #$SpatialThing-Localized) (#$argFormat #$hears 2 #$SetTheFormat) (#$argIsa #$hears 1 #$PerceptualAgent) (#$argIsa #$hears 1 #$PerceptualAgent) (#$argIsa #$hears 1 #$PerceptualAgent) (#$argIsa #$hears 2 #$SpatialThing-Localized) (#$argIsa #$hears 2 #$SpatialThing-Localized) (#$argIsa #$hears 2 #$SpatialThing-Localized) (#$arity #$hears 2) (#$comment #$hears "(#$hears AGT OBJ) means that the #$PerceptualAgent AGT perceives sounds emananating from or as the result of OBJ. Events such as the shooting of a gun and tangible objects such as telephones are things which can emit audible sound and thus be perceived auditorily. ") (#$genlPreds #$hears #$perceives) (#$isa #$hears #$BinaryPredicate) (#$isa #$hears #$ObjectPredicate) (#$isa #$hears #$PerceivingSlot) (#$comment #$Heart "The collection of all hearts. A #$Heart is an #$Organ that pumps blood throughout the body of an #$Animal.") (#$genls #$Heart #$Individual) (#$genls #$Heart #$InternalOrgan) (#$genls #$Heart #$Pump-Generic) (#$genls #$Heart #$StriatedMuscle) (#$isa #$Heart #$AnimalBodyPartType) (#$isa #$Heart #$UniqueAnatomicalPartType) (#$isa #$Heart #$UniqueAnatomicalPartType) (#$comment #$HeatingDevice "A specialization of #$PoweredDevice. Each instance of #$HeatingDevice is a device whose primary function (see the predicate #$primaryFunction) is to generate heat to raise the temperature of something else. The thing being heated might be in gaseous form (for example, the air in a room), in liquid form (for example, the water in a pool), or in solid form (for example, food in an oven). A given instance of #$HeatingDevice typically has some energy input, some way of converting that energy to heat, and some way of delivering the heat to the object(s) to be heated.") (#$disjointWith #$HeatingDevice #$TransportationDevice) (#$disjointWith #$HeatingDevice #$Water) (#$genls #$HeatingDevice #$Individual) (#$genls #$HeatingDevice #$PoweredDevice) (#$isa #$HeatingDevice #$ExistingObjectType) (#$isa #$HeatingDevice #$ProductType) (#$comment #$HeatingProcess "#$HeatingProcess is a specialization of #$TemperatureChangingProcess -- that is, (#$genls #$HeatingProcess #$TemperatureChangingProcess). During each #$HeatingProcess event, the temperature of the #$objectOfStateChange is increased by applying heat to the object.") (#$genls #$HeatingProcess #$Individual) (#$genls #$HeatingProcess #$TemperatureChangingProcess) (#$isa #$HeatingProcess #$DefaultDisjointScriptType) (#$isa #$HeatingProcess #$TemporalStuffType) (#$siblingDisjointExceptions #$HeatingProcess #$PhysicalCreationEvent) (#$siblingDisjointExceptions #$HeatingProcess #$PhysicalDestructionEvent) (#$comment #$HeatProductionProcess "A heat production process such as condensing, freezing, or oxidation.") (#$genls #$HeatProductionProcess #$Emission) (#$genls #$HeatProductionProcess #$EnergyTransferEvent) (#$genls #$HeatProductionProcess #$Individual) (#$isa #$HeatProductionProcess #$DefaultDisjointScriptType) (#$isa #$HeatProductionProcess #$TemporalStuffType) (#$siblingDisjointExceptions #$HeatProductionProcess #$PhysicalCreationEvent) (#$siblingDisjointExceptions #$HeatProductionProcess #$PhysicalDestructionEvent) (#$arg1Format #$heightOfObject #$SetTheFormat) (#$arg1Isa #$heightOfObject #$TwoOrHigherDimensionalThing) (#$arg2Format #$heightOfObject #$IntervalEntry) (#$arg2Isa #$heightOfObject #$Distance) (#$argFormat #$heightOfObject 2 #$IntervalEntry) (#$argFormat #$heightOfObject 1 #$SetTheFormat) (#$argIsa #$heightOfObject 2 #$Distance) (#$argIsa #$heightOfObject 2 #$Distance) (#$argIsa #$heightOfObject 1 #$TwoOrHigherDimensionalThing) (#$argIsa #$heightOfObject 1 #$TwoOrHigherDimensionalThing) (#$arity #$heightOfObject 2) (#$comment #$heightOfObject "A #$PhysicalAmountSlot used for stating the heights of tangible objects and other (polydimensional) spatial things. (#$heightOfObject OBJECT HEIGHT) means that the #$Distance (q.v.) from OBJECT's bottom boundary to its top boundary is HEIGHT. \"Top\" and \"bottom\" are often determined by an object's intrinsic default orientation, if it has one (see #$TopAndBottomSidedObject). But some objects have tops and bottoms -- and thus heights -- only by virtue of their spatial relations to certain other objects in their environments. In any case, having a height requires being at least two-dimensional (see #$TwoOrHigherDimensionalThing). See also #$lengthOfObject, #$widthOfObject, and #$depthOfObject.") (#$functionalInArgs #$heightOfObject 2) (#$genlPreds #$heightOfObject #$dimensionsOfObject) (#$isa #$heightOfObject #$BinaryPredicate) (#$isa #$heightOfObject #$IntervalBasedQuantitySlot) (#$isa #$heightOfObject #$PhysicalAmountSlot) (#$isa #$heightOfObject #$PhysicalAttributeDescriptionSlot) (#$relationAllExists #$heightOfObject #$HexalateralObject #$Distance) (#$relationAllInstance #$heightOfObject #$HumanInfant (#$Foot-UnitOfMeasure 0.75 2.5)) (#$relationAllInstance #$heightOfObject #$HumanChild (#$Foot-UnitOfMeasure 0.75 5.5)) (#$relationAllInstance #$heightOfObject #$Person (#$Foot-UnitOfMeasure 0.75 8)) (#$relationAllInstance #$heightOfObject #$AdultFemalePerson (#$Foot-UnitOfMeasure 4.5 6.25)) (#$relationAllInstance #$heightOfObject #$AdultMalePerson (#$Foot-UnitOfMeasure 5.2 6.5)) (#$comment #$Helicopter "#$Helicopter is a specialization of #$RotaryWingAircraft and #$TransportationDevice-Vehicle. Each instance of #$Helicopter is a self-powered mechanical device that hovers in the air using a rotary wing.") (#$genls #$Helicopter #$FuelPoweredDevice) (#$genls #$Helicopter #$Individual) (#$genls #$Helicopter #$RotaryWingAircraft) (#$genls #$Helicopter #$TransportationContainerProduct) (#$genls #$Helicopter #$TransportationDevice-Vehicle) (#$isa #$Helicopter #$ExistingObjectType) (#$isa #$Helicopter #$ProductType) (#$comment #$Helix "The collection of all helices; a subset of #$SpiralShaped. In each instance of #$Helix, a three-dimensional curve has one or more turns about an axis while moving linearly in the general direction paralell to the axis. A helix may fit on the surface of a cylinder. Examples include spatially localized objects, such as a #$DNAMolecule, or the frieze on #$TrajansColumn, as well as abstract spiral shapes.") (#$genls #$Helix #$Individual) (#$genls #$Helix #$Spiral-3D) (#$isa #$Helix #$GenericShapeType) (#$isa #$Helix #$ThreeDimensionalShapeType) (#$comment #$HelpingAnAgent "A specialization of both #$PurposefulAction and #$SocialOccurrence. Each instance of #$HelpingAnAgent is an event in which some agent (see the collection #$Agent) helps another agent, either by doing something that directly benefits that agent, or by preventing something that would harm that agent. Notable specializations of #$HelpingAnAgent include #$RescuingSomeone, #$ReliefOperation, and #$ServiceEvent.") (#$genls #$HelpingAnAgent #$Individual) (#$genls #$HelpingAnAgent #$PurposefulPhysicalAction) (#$genls #$HelpingAnAgent #$SocialOccurrence) (#$isa #$HelpingAnAgent #$TemporalObjectType) (#$comment #$Hemisphere "A specialization of #$ThreeDimensionalGeometricThing. Each instance of #$Hemisphere is half of a sphere. Examples include spatially localized objects, such as the Western Hemisphere, as well as abstract hemispheres.") (#$genls #$Hemisphere #$Individual) (#$genls #$Hemisphere #$RoundThing) (#$genls #$Hemisphere #$ThreeDimensionalGeometricThing) (#$isa #$Hemisphere #$GenericShapeType) (#$isa #$Hemisphere #$ThreeDimensionalShapeType) (#$comment #$Hendecagon "The collection of all eleven-sided #$Polygons.") (#$disjointWith #$Hendecagon #$Decagon) (#$disjointWith #$Hendecagon #$Hexagon) (#$disjointWith #$Hendecagon #$Octagon) (#$genls #$Hendecagon #$Individual) (#$genls #$Hendecagon #$Polygon) (#$isa #$Hendecagon #$GenericShapeType) (#$isa #$Hendecagon #$TwoDimensionalShapeType) (#$comment #$Heptagon "A specialization of #$Polygon. Instances of #$Heptagon are polygons with 7 sides.") (#$genls #$Heptagon #$Individual) (#$genls #$Heptagon #$Polygon) (#$isa #$Heptagon #$GenericShapeType) (#$isa #$Heptagon #$TwoDimensionalShapeType) (#$comment #$Herbivore "A specialization of #$Animal. An animal is an instance of #$Herbivore just in case it is an animal whose natural diet consists exclusively of plants or plant parts. (Thus a horse that was forced or conditioned by humans to eat meat would still be a herbivore, since meat is not part of its natural diet.) Notable specializations of #$Herbivore include the collections #$Ruminant and #$EquineAnimal.") (#$disjointWith #$Herbivore #$Carnivore) (#$genls #$Herbivore #$Animal) (#$genls #$Herbivore #$Individual) (#$isa #$Herbivore #$ExistingObjectType) (#$isa #$Herbivore #$OrganismClassificationType) (#$comment #$HerdAnimal "A subcollection of #$Animal; the collection of all large plant-eating animals that travel and graze in social groups. Instances of #$HerdAnimal also belong to #$Herbivore; most instances of #$Ruminant are also instances of #$HerdAnimal.") (#$genls #$HerdAnimal #$AirBreathingVertebrate) (#$genls #$HerdAnimal #$Herbivore) (#$genls #$HerdAnimal #$Individual) (#$genls #$HerdAnimal #$NonPersonAnimal) (#$isa #$HerdAnimal #$ExistingObjectType) (#$argIsa #$Hertz 0 #$SubLRealNumber) (#$argsIsa #$Hertz #$SubLRealNumber) (#$argsIsa #$Hertz #$SubLRealNumber) (#$arityMax #$Hertz 2) (#$arityMax #$Hertz 2) (#$arityMin #$Hertz 1) (#$arityMin #$Hertz 1) (#$comment #$Hertz "An instance of #$IndividualDenotingFunction and #$UnitOfFrequency. #$Hertz returns a unit of frequency in hertz when applied to a real number (see the collection #$SubLRealNumber) or a sequence of two real numbers. Hertz is the basic unit of measure for elements of #$Frequency (1 Hz=1 cycle per second). (#$Hertz NUM) denotes the frequency NUM cycles per second.") (#$isa #$Hertz #$StandardUnitOfMeasure) (#$isa #$Hertz #$UnitOfFrequency) (#$isa #$Hertz #$UnitOfMeasureNoPrefix) (#$resultIsa #$Hertz #$Frequency) (#$resultIsa #$Hertz #$Individual) (#$resultIsa #$Hertz #$Rate) (#$resultIsa #$Hertz #$ScalarInterval) (#$comment #$Heterotroph "A specialization of #$Organism-Whole. Each instance of #$Heterotroph is an organism incapable of manufacturing organic nutrients from inorganic raw materials. All instances of #$Animal are instances of #$Heterotroph, since animals must eat other living things, or parts of living things, in order to get the nutrients they need to live. Other specializations of #$Heterotroph include #$ParasiticOrganism and #$Fungus. Cf. #$Autotroph.") (#$genls #$Heterotroph #$Individual) (#$genls #$Heterotroph #$Organism-Whole) (#$isa #$Heterotroph #$ExistingObjectType) (#$comment #$Hexagon "The collection of all six-sided #$Polygons.") (#$disjointWith #$Hexagon #$Nonagon) (#$disjointWith #$Hexagon #$Octagon) (#$genls #$Hexagon #$Individual) (#$genls #$Hexagon #$Polygon) (#$isa #$Hexagon #$GenericShapeType) (#$isa #$Hexagon #$TwoDimensionalShapeType) (#$siblingDisjointExceptions #$Hexagon #$EquilateralShaped) (#$comment #$HexalateralObject "A #$HexalateralObject is an object with a well-defined front, back, left, right, top, and bottom. These sides are considered to be intrinsic to the object and do not vary as the object changes position. Any object which is an instance of two different specs of #$BilateralObject is a #$HexalateralObject as a matter of definition--eg, if an object's front and back can be distinguished and its left side can be distinguished from its right, then it also has a well-defined bottom and top. See also comments for #$BilateralObject and for #$FrontAndBackSidedObject, #$LeftAndRightSidedObject, and #$TopAndBottomSidedObject.") (#$genls #$HexalateralObject #$FrontAndBackSidedObject) (#$genls #$HexalateralObject #$Individual) (#$genls #$HexalateralObject #$LeftAndRightSidedObject) (#$genls #$HexalateralObject #$TopAndBottomSidedObject) (#$isa #$HexalateralObject #$ExistingObjectType) (#$comment #$HigherEducationInstitution "#$HigherEducationInstitution is a specialization of #$EducationalOrganization and #$AcademicOrganization. Two important types of #$HigherEducationInstitution are #$DegreeGrantingHigherEducationInstitution and #$NonDegreeGrantingInstitution. Specs of #$DegreeGrantingHigherEducationInstitution include #$University, #$College, and #$CollegeInUniversity-DegreeGranting while specs of #$NonDegreeGrantingInstitution include #$CollegeInUniversity-NonDegreeGranting.") (#$genls #$HigherEducationInstitution #$EducationalOrganization) (#$genls #$HigherEducationInstitution #$Individual) (#$isa #$HigherEducationInstitution #$ExistingObjectType) (#$arg1Isa #$highlyRelevantAssertion #$CycLAssertion) (#$argIsa #$highlyRelevantAssertion 1 #$CycLAssertion) (#$argIsa #$highlyRelevantAssertion 1 #$CycLAssertion) (#$arity #$highlyRelevantAssertion 1) (#$comment #$highlyRelevantAssertion "A #$CycInferenceHeuristicPredicate. (#$highlyRelevantAssertion ASSERTION) states that the #$CycLAssertion ASSERTION should be heuristically considered highly relevant to inferences made in the current #$Microtheory. See also #$highlyRelevantMt.") (#$isa #$highlyRelevantAssertion #$CoreImplementationConstant) (#$isa #$highlyRelevantAssertion #$CycInferenceHeuristicPredicate) (#$isa #$highlyRelevantAssertion #$UnaryPredicate) (#$negationPreds #$highlyRelevantAssertion #$irrelevantAssertion) (#$sharedNotes #$highlyRelevantAssertion #$MetaAssertionsForPolyCanonicalizingAssertions) (#$arg1Isa #$highlyRelevantInEvent #$Event) (#$arg2Isa #$highlyRelevantInEvent #$SomethingExisting) (#$argIsa #$highlyRelevantInEvent 1 #$Event) (#$argIsa #$highlyRelevantInEvent 1 #$Event) (#$argIsa #$highlyRelevantInEvent 2 #$SomethingExisting) (#$argIsa #$highlyRelevantInEvent 2 #$SomethingExisting) (#$arity #$highlyRelevantInEvent 2) (#$comment #$highlyRelevantInEvent "This predicate relates instances of #$Event to things that are highly relevant in the event, help to define the nature of the event, but play no direct role in carrying out the actual event. For instance, in a tribute to a dead person it may be the case that (#$highlyRelevantInEvent TributeToDeadPersonA PersonA), (but see the more specialized predicate, #$eventHonors). This predicate should apply only to things that play some central, but indirect, role in an event, i.e. note that #$actors is a genlPreds of this predicate. Often this predicate applies to things that motivate the event in question. Also note that it should help to distinguish the event from other events of a slightly more general type. For instance, a particular kind of chair might be highly relevant in a chair buying event but the capitalist system is not. Insofar as other shopping events also involve the capitalist system, the capitalist system does not distinguish the chair buying event from other shopping events.") (#$genlPreds #$highlyRelevantInEvent #$temporallyIntersects) (#$isa #$highlyRelevantInEvent #$BinaryRolePredicate) (#$negationPreds #$highlyRelevantInEvent #$doneBy) (#$arg1Isa #$highlyRelevantMt #$Microtheory) (#$argIsa #$highlyRelevantMt 1 #$Microtheory) (#$argIsa #$highlyRelevantMt 1 #$Microtheory) (#$arity #$highlyRelevantMt 1) (#$comment #$highlyRelevantMt "A #$CycInferenceHeuristicPredicate. (#$highlyRelevantMt MT) means that all assertions in the #$Microtheory MT should be heuristically considered highly relevant to inferences done in the #$Microtheory MT-1 in which (#$highlyRelevantMt MT) is asserted (where MT-1 and MT need not be the same). As a consequence, note that when (#$highlyRelevantMt MT) is asserted in a #$Microtheory MT-1, each of the assertions in MT will be a #$highlyRelevantAssertion (q.v.) for inferences done in MT-1.") (#$isa #$highlyRelevantMt #$CoreImplementationConstant) (#$isa #$highlyRelevantMt #$CycInferenceHeuristicPredicate) (#$isa #$highlyRelevantMt #$UnaryPredicate) (#$negationPreds #$highlyRelevantMt #$irrelevantMt) (#$arg1Isa #$highlyRelevantPredAssertion #$Predicate) (#$arg2Isa #$highlyRelevantPredAssertion #$CycLAssertion) (#$argIsa #$highlyRelevantPredAssertion 2 #$CycLAssertion) (#$argIsa #$highlyRelevantPredAssertion 2 #$CycLAssertion) (#$argIsa #$highlyRelevantPredAssertion 1 #$Predicate) (#$argIsa #$highlyRelevantPredAssertion 1 #$Predicate) (#$arity #$highlyRelevantPredAssertion 2) (#$comment #$highlyRelevantPredAssertion "(#$highlyRelevantPredAssertion PREDICATE ASSERTION) states that the given ASSERTION should be heuristically considered highly relevant to inferences concluding uses of the given PREDICATE in the current mt. See also #$highlyRelevantAssertion and #$highlyRelevantMt.") (#$isa #$highlyRelevantPredAssertion #$BinaryPredicate) (#$isa #$highlyRelevantPredAssertion #$CoreImplementationConstant) (#$isa #$highlyRelevantPredAssertion #$CycInferenceHeuristicPredicate) (#$negationPreds #$highlyRelevantPredAssertion #$irrelevantPredAssertion) (#$sharedNotes #$highlyRelevantPredAssertion #$MetaAssertionsForPolyCanonicalizingAssertions) (#$comment #$Highway "A specialization of both #$Roadway and #$PublicProperty. Each instance of #$Highway is a major road open to public use.") (#$genls #$Highway #$Individual) (#$genls #$Highway #$Roadway) (#$genls #$Highway #$SomethingExisting) (#$isa #$Highway #$ExistingObjectType) (#$comment #$HindiLanguage "Language spoken in the Indic area.") (#$isa #$HindiLanguage #$Individual) (#$isa #$HindiLanguage #$LivingLanguage) (#$arg1Format #$hingedTo #$SetTheFormat) (#$arg1Isa #$hingedTo #$SolidTangibleThing) (#$arg1Isa #$hingedTo #$SolidTangibleThing) (#$arg2Format #$hingedTo #$SetTheFormat) (#$arg2Isa #$hingedTo #$SolidTangibleThing) (#$arg2Isa #$hingedTo #$SolidTangibleThing) (#$argFormat #$hingedTo 1 #$SetTheFormat) (#$argFormat #$hingedTo 2 #$SetTheFormat) (#$argIsa #$hingedTo 1 #$SolidTangibleThing) (#$argIsa #$hingedTo 1 #$SolidTangibleThing) (#$argIsa #$hingedTo 1 #$SolidTangibleThing) (#$argIsa #$hingedTo 2 #$SolidTangibleThing) (#$argIsa #$hingedTo 2 #$SolidTangibleThing) (#$argIsa #$hingedTo 2 #$SolidTangibleThing) (#$arity #$hingedTo 2) (#$comment #$hingedTo "(#$hingedTo OBJ1 OBJ2) means that there is some hinge connecting OBJ1 and OBJ2, allowing limited rotational motion (but no other sort of relative motion) between OBJ1 and OBJ2. The connecting hinge may be part of OBJ1, part of OBJ2, or separate from both OBJ1 and OBJ2. Note that (#$hingedTo OBJ1 OBJ2) implies that some edge of OBJ1 adjoins some edge of OBJ2.") (#$genlInverse #$hingedTo #$hingedTo) (#$genlInverse #$hingedTo #$hingedTo) (#$genlPreds #$hingedTo #$rotationallyConnectedTo) (#$isa #$hingedTo #$ConnectionPredicate) (#$isa #$hingedTo #$IrreflexiveBinaryPredicate) (#$isa #$hingedTo #$SpatialPredicate) (#$isa #$hingedTo #$SymmetricBinaryPredicate) (#$isa #$HLAssertedArgumentKeywordDatastructure #$CoreImplementationConstant) (#$isa #$HLAssertedArgumentKeywordDatastructure #$ObjectType) (#$comment #$HLAssertion "The collection of CycL sentences consisting entirely of HL expressions and asserted to the Cyc Knowledge Base. Each #$HLAssertion has a unique corresponding data structure that is used internally by Cyc's inference engine.") (#$disjointWith #$HLAssertion #$ELAssertion) (#$genls #$HLAssertion #$CycLAssertion) (#$genls #$HLAssertion #$CycLSentence) (#$genls #$HLAssertion #$HLIndexedTerm) (#$genls #$HLAssertion #$HLIndexedTerm) (#$genls #$HLAssertion #$HLReifiedFormula) (#$genls #$HLAssertion #$HLReifiedFormula) (#$genls #$HLAssertion #$Individual) (#$isa #$HLAssertion #$AtemporalNecessarilyEssentialCollectionType) (#$isa #$HLAssertion #$Collection) (#$isa #$HLAssertion #$CoreImplementationConstant) (#$isa #$HLAssertion #$CycLExpressionType) (#$sharedNotes #$HLAssertion #$NoteAboutArgIsaCycLIndexedTerm) (#$sharedNotes #$HLAssertion #$NoteAboutArgIsaCycLIndexedTerm) (#$quotedCollection #$HLAssertion) (#$comment #$HLExpression "A specialization of #$CycLExpression. The collection of all syntactically well-formed expressions in the HL (\"heuristic level\") sub-language of #$CycL. Any component expression of an HL expression must itself be an HL expression. An HL expression can appear in (or be) an assertion stored in the system in a data structure accessible by the inference engine; but unless it is also an instance of #$ELExpression (q.v.), it cannot appear in (or as) a sentence initially asserted to or queried of the Knowledge Base.") (#$genls #$HLExpression #$CycLExpression) (#$genls #$HLExpression #$Thing) (#$isa #$HLExpression #$AtemporalNecessarilyEssentialCollectionType) (#$isa #$HLExpression #$Collection) (#$isa #$HLExpression #$CoreImplementationConstant) (#$isa #$HLExpression #$CycLExpressionType) (#$quotedCollection #$HLExpression) (#$comment #$HLIndexedTerm "The collection of indexed terms in the HL language, used by the internals of Cyc. All these terms have special indexing support in Cyc's inference engine. Indexed terms are currently (September 2000) constants, NARTs, and assertions.") (#$covering #$HLIndexedTerm (#$TheCovering #$HLReifiedDenotationalTerm #$HLReifiedFormula)) (#$genls #$HLIndexedTerm #$CycLIndexedTerm) (#$genls #$HLIndexedTerm #$CycLIndexedTerm) (#$genls #$HLIndexedTerm #$HLExpression) (#$genls #$HLIndexedTerm #$HLExpression) (#$genls #$HLIndexedTerm #$Thing) (#$isa #$HLIndexedTerm #$AtemporalNecessarilyEssentialCollectionType) (#$isa #$HLIndexedTerm #$Collection) (#$isa #$HLIndexedTerm #$CoreImplementationConstant) (#$isa #$HLIndexedTerm #$CycLExpressionType) (#$partitionedInto #$HLIndexedTerm (#$ThePartition #$CycLConstant #$HLAssertion #$HLNonAtomicReifiedTerm)) (#$partitionedInto #$HLIndexedTerm (#$ThePartition #$CycLConstant #$HLReifiedFormula)) (#$partitionedInto #$HLIndexedTerm (#$ThePartition #$HLAssertion #$HLReifiedDenotationalTerm)) (#$sharedNotes #$HLIndexedTerm #$NoteAboutArgIsaCycLIndexedTerm) (#$sharedNotes #$HLIndexedTerm #$NoteAboutArgIsaCycLIndexedTerm) (#$quotedCollection #$HLIndexedTerm) (#$comment #$HLNonAtomicReifiedTerm "The collection of all non-atomic denotational terms in the HL language, used internally by the inference engine. These are HL formulas with an instance of #$ReifiableFunction as their functor and optionally other HL terms as their arguments. These HL NATs are often called \"NARTs\", which stands for Non-Atomic Reified Term. The difference between HL NATs and reifiable EL NATs should be transparent to users of Cyc, because the #$CycCanonicalizer automatically transforms all reifiable EL NATs into HL NATs.") (#$genls #$HLNonAtomicReifiedTerm #$CycLNonAtomicReifiedTerm) (#$genls #$HLNonAtomicReifiedTerm #$CycLNonAtomicTerm) (#$genls #$HLNonAtomicReifiedTerm #$CycLReifiableNonAtomicTerm) (#$genls #$HLNonAtomicReifiedTerm #$CycLReifiableNonAtomicTerm) (#$genls #$HLNonAtomicReifiedTerm #$HLIndexedTerm) (#$genls #$HLNonAtomicReifiedTerm #$HLIndexedTerm) (#$genls #$HLNonAtomicReifiedTerm #$HLReifiedDenotationalTerm) (#$genls #$HLNonAtomicReifiedTerm #$HLReifiedDenotationalTerm) (#$genls #$HLNonAtomicReifiedTerm #$HLReifiedFormula) (#$genls #$HLNonAtomicReifiedTerm #$HLReifiedFormula) (#$genls #$HLNonAtomicReifiedTerm #$Thing) (#$isa #$HLNonAtomicReifiedTerm #$AtemporalNecessarilyEssentialCollectionType) (#$isa #$HLNonAtomicReifiedTerm #$Collection) (#$isa #$HLNonAtomicReifiedTerm #$CoreImplementationConstant) (#$isa #$HLNonAtomicReifiedTerm #$CycLExpressionType) (#$sharedNotes #$HLNonAtomicReifiedTerm #$NoteAboutArgIsaCycLIndexedTerm) (#$sharedNotes #$HLNonAtomicReifiedTerm #$NoteAboutArgIsaCycLIndexedTerm) (#$quotedCollection #$HLNonAtomicReifiedTerm) (#$comment #$HLReifiedDenotationalTerm "The collection of reified denotational terms in the HL language. These terms are used by the internals of Cyc, such as the inference engine. They are often called 'FORTs', which stands for 'first-order reified terms'.") (#$genls #$HLReifiedDenotationalTerm #$CycLIndexedTerm) (#$genls #$HLReifiedDenotationalTerm #$CycLIndexedTerm) (#$genls #$HLReifiedDenotationalTerm #$CycLReifiableDenotationalTerm) (#$genls #$HLReifiedDenotationalTerm #$CycLReifiedDenotationalTerm) (#$genls #$HLReifiedDenotationalTerm #$HLIndexedTerm) (#$genls #$HLReifiedDenotationalTerm #$HLIndexedTerm) (#$genls #$HLReifiedDenotationalTerm #$Thing) (#$isa #$HLReifiedDenotationalTerm #$AtemporalNecessarilyEssentialCollectionType) (#$isa #$HLReifiedDenotationalTerm #$Collection) (#$isa #$HLReifiedDenotationalTerm #$CoreImplementationConstant) (#$isa #$HLReifiedDenotationalTerm #$CycLExpressionType) (#$partitionedInto #$HLReifiedDenotationalTerm (#$ThePartition #$CycLConstant #$HLNonAtomicReifiedTerm)) (#$sharedNotes #$HLReifiedDenotationalTerm #$NoteAboutArgIsaCycLIndexedTerm) (#$sharedNotes #$HLReifiedDenotationalTerm #$NoteAboutArgIsaCycLIndexedTerm) (#$quotedCollection #$HLReifiedDenotationalTerm) (#$comment #$HLReifiedFormula "The collection of reified formulas in the HL language. This includes HL NARTs and HL assertions.") (#$genls #$HLReifiedFormula #$CycLFormula) (#$genls #$HLReifiedFormula #$HLExpression) (#$genls #$HLReifiedFormula #$HLIndexedTerm) (#$genls #$HLReifiedFormula #$HLIndexedTerm) (#$genls #$HLReifiedFormula #$Thing) (#$isa #$HLReifiedFormula #$AtemporalNecessarilyEssentialCollectionType) (#$isa #$HLReifiedFormula #$Collection) (#$isa #$HLReifiedFormula #$CoreImplementationConstant) (#$isa #$HLReifiedFormula #$CycLExpressionType) (#$partitionedInto #$HLReifiedFormula (#$ThePartition #$HLAssertion #$HLNonAtomicReifiedTerm)) (#$sharedNotes #$HLReifiedFormula #$NoteAboutArgIsaCycLIndexedTerm) (#$sharedNotes #$HLReifiedFormula #$NoteAboutArgIsaCycLIndexedTerm) (#$quotedCollection #$HLReifiedFormula) (#$comment #$HLVariable "The collection of all variables in the HL language, used internally by the inference engine and not normally visible to users of Cyc.") (#$genls #$HLVariable #$CycLVariable) (#$genls #$HLVariable #$HLExpression) (#$genls #$HLVariable #$HLExpression) (#$genls #$HLVariable #$Thing) (#$isa #$HLVariable #$AtemporalNecessarilyEssentialCollectionType) (#$isa #$HLVariable #$Collection) (#$isa #$HLVariable #$CoreImplementationConstant) (#$isa #$HLVariable #$CycLExpressionType) (#$quotedCollection #$HLVariable) (#$comment #$HolderGripper "A specialization of#$SolidTangibleThing. Each instance of #$HolderGripper is an object that can apply pressure to another object and thereby grip it in such a way that its motion is restricted.") (#$genls #$HolderGripper #$Individual) (#$genls #$HolderGripper #$SolidTangibleThing) (#$isa #$HolderGripper #$ExistingObjectType) (#$comment #$HoldingAnObject "The collection of #$StaticSituations in which some object acts to hold one or more other objects stationary in some reference frame. For example, a nail may hold two boards together, a seat may hold a person in place, a person may hold an object with a hand tool. Note that in another frame of reference the object need not be stationary. For example, one of the subevents of a #$CarryingWhileLocomoting is a #$HoldingAnObject. Thus, although the object is moving it is stationary in relation to the #$transporter. ") (#$genls #$HoldingAnObject #$ContinuousPhysicalContactEvent) (#$genls #$HoldingAnObject #$Event) (#$genls #$HoldingAnObject #$HandlingAnObject) (#$genls #$HoldingAnObject #$Individual) (#$isa #$HoldingAnObject #$TemporalStuffType) (#$comment #$Holdings "A collection of groups of objects, tangible or intangible, which have some special financial, scientific, cultural, or educational value. An instance of #$Holdings is a group of objects kept and usually maintained by some agent for their value, or to preserve the objects, or to make them available for public display or use (as in a museum's `holdings' or a library's `holdings'). The group-members (see the predicate #$groupMembers) in a group of holdings may or may not be all of a similar type (e.g., books, paintings). An agent's holdings may or may not all be kept in the same location.") (#$genls #$Holdings #$Group) (#$genls #$Holdings #$Individual) (#$genls #$Holdings #$SomethingExisting) (#$isa #$Holdings #$ExistingObjectType) (#$arg1Isa #$holdsIn #$TemporalThing) (#$arg2Isa #$holdsIn #$ELSentence-Assertible) (#$arg2Isa #$holdsIn #$ELSentence-Assertible) (#$argIsa #$holdsIn 2 #$ELSentence-Assertible) (#$argIsa #$holdsIn 2 #$ELSentence-Assertible) (#$argIsa #$holdsIn 2 #$ELSentence-Assertible) (#$argIsa #$holdsIn 1 #$TemporalThing) (#$argIsa #$holdsIn 1 #$TemporalThing) (#$arity #$holdsIn 2) (#$comment #$holdsIn "A formula, without free variables, of the form (#$holdsIn TEMP-THING FORMULA) means that the formula FORMULA is true at every moment in the temporal extent of the #$TemporalThing TEMP-THING (i.e., every moment temporally subsumed by TEMP-THING). For example, the assertion (#$holdsIn (#$YearFn 1992) (#$owns Nick Spot)) expresses that throughout all of the year 1992 Nick owned Spot. Thus it follows, for example, that Nick owned Spot on July 5th, 1992 - that is, (#$holdsIn (#$DayFn 5 (#$MonthFn #$July (#$YearFn 1992))) (#$owns Nick Spot)). An assertion of the form (#$holdsIn TEMP-THING (PRED ... ARG ...)), with ARG a #$TemporalThing, doesn't in general imply that ARG temporally subsumes or even temporally intersects TEMP-THING. For example, (#$holdsIn (#$YearFn 1992) (#$awareOf Fred #$GeorgeWashington)) doesn't imply (#$temporallyIntersects #$GeorgeWashington (#$YearFn 1992)). However, in the case of certain predicates PRED, temporal subsumption of TEMP-THING by ARG will follow (in almost all microtheories); see #$CotemporalObjectsSlot, #$CotemporalPredicate, and #$contemporaryInArg. Although what constitutes a moment can vary with context, for most microtheories explicit considerations of temporal granularity (in this sense) don't come into play. That is, in the case of most microtheories, one almost never has to worry about assertions running into problems because of time intervals that are too small, and one doesn't have to worry about the possibility of gaps in the fabric of time between moments. Note that the characterization above of the meaning of a closed formula (#$holdsIn TEMP-THING FORMULA) isn't meant to imply that one can't quantify into the argument-places of #$holdsIn. (Alternatively to using #$holdsIn, we could create a microtheory MT one of whose assumptions was a temporal one, limiting all axioms to holding throughout 1992 [i.e., (#$holdsInTime-Always MT (#$YearFn 1992))]. Then in that microtheory we could simply assert (#$owns Nick Spot). But it would be incorrect to assert (#$owns Nick Spot) in the #$BaseKB, since, for example, in 3500 BCE Nick didn't own Spot, nor when Nick was a baby did he own Spot, etc.) See also #$holdsSometimeDuring.") (#$genlPreds #$holdsIn #$holdsSometimeDuring) (#$isa #$holdsIn #$BinaryPredicate) (#$isa #$holdsIn #$CoreConstant) (#$arg1Format #$holdsInTime-Sometime #$openEntryFormatInArgs) (#$arg1Isa #$holdsInTime-Sometime #$Microtheory) (#$arg2Format #$holdsInTime-Sometime #$openEntryFormatInArgs) (#$arg2Isa #$holdsInTime-Sometime #$TemporalThing) (#$argFormat #$holdsInTime-Sometime 1 #$openEntryFormatInArgs) (#$argFormat #$holdsInTime-Sometime 2 #$openEntryFormatInArgs) (#$argIsa #$holdsInTime-Sometime 1 #$Microtheory) (#$argIsa #$holdsInTime-Sometime 1 #$Microtheory) (#$argIsa #$holdsInTime-Sometime 2 #$TemporalThing) (#$argIsa #$holdsInTime-Sometime 2 #$TemporalThing) (#$arity #$holdsInTime-Sometime 2) (#$comment #$holdsInTime-Sometime "(#$holdsInTime-Sometime MT TIME) means that the assertions in the #$Microtheory MT are true sometime during the temporal extent of the #$TemporalThing TIME. See also #$holdsInTime-Always.") (#$isa #$holdsInTime-Sometime #$BinaryPredicate) (#$isa #$holdsInTime-Sometime #$MicrotheoryPredicate) (#$arg1Isa #$holdsSometimeDuring #$TemporalThing) (#$arg2Isa #$holdsSometimeDuring #$ELSentence-Assertible) (#$arg2Isa #$holdsSometimeDuring #$ELSentence-Assertible) (#$argIsa #$holdsSometimeDuring 2 #$ELSentence-Assertible) (#$argIsa #$holdsSometimeDuring 2 #$ELSentence-Assertible) (#$argIsa #$holdsSometimeDuring 2 #$ELSentence-Assertible) (#$argIsa #$holdsSometimeDuring 1 #$TemporalThing) (#$argIsa #$holdsSometimeDuring 1 #$TemporalThing) (#$arity #$holdsSometimeDuring 2) (#$comment #$holdsSometimeDuring "A formula, without free variables, of the form (#$holdsSometimeDuring TEMP-THING FORMULA) means that the formula FORMULA is true at some moment in the temporal extent of the #$TemporalThing TEMP-THING (i.e., some - at least one - moment temporally subsumed by TEMP-THING). For example, the assertion (#$holdsSometimeDuring (#$MonthFn #$July (#$YearFn 1992)) (#$owns Nick Spot)) expresses that at some moment during July 1992 Nick owned Spot. Thus it follows, for example, that at some moment during the year 1992 Nick owned Spot - that is, (#$holdsSometimeDuring (#$YearFn 1992) (#$owns Nick Spot)). An assertion of the form (#$holdsSometimeDuring TEMP-THING (PRED ... ARG ...)), with ARG a #$TemporalThing, doesn't in general imply that ARG temporally intersects TEMP-THING. For example, (#$holdsSometimeDuring (#$YearFn 1992) (#$awareOf Fred #$GeorgeWashington)) doesn't imply (#$temporallyIntersects #$GeorgeWashington (#$YearFn 1992)). However, in the case of certain predicates PRED, temporal intersection of TEMP-THING by ARG will follow; see #$CotemporalObjectsSlot, #$CotemporalPredicate, and #$contemporaryInArg. Although what constitutes a moment can vary with context, for most microtheories explicit considerations of temporal granularity (in this sense) don't come into play. That is, in the case of most microtheories, one almost never has to worry about assertions running into problems because of time intervals that are too small, and one doesn't have to worry about the possibility of gaps in the fabric of time between moments. Note that the characterization above of the meaning of a closed formula (#$holdsSometimeDuring TEMP-THING FORMULA) isn't meant to imply that one can't quantify into the argument-places of #$holdsSometimeDuring. (Alternatively to using #$holdsSometimeDuring, we could create a microtheory MT one of whose assumptions was a temporal one, limiting all axioms to holding at some moment during the year 1992 [i.e., (#$holdsInTime-Sometime MT (#$YearFn 1992))]. Then in that microtheory we could simply assert (#$owns Nick Spot). But it would be incorrect to assert (#$owns Nick Spot) in the #$BaseKB, since, for example, in 3500 BCE Nick didn't own Spot, nor when Nick was a baby did he own Spot, etc.) See also #$holdsIn.") (#$isa #$holdsSometimeDuring #$BinaryPredicate) (#$comment #$Holiday "A specialization of #$HumanActivity. Each instance of #$Holiday is an event featuring social celebrations and/or rituals. Instances of #$Holiday typically last for one day (see the constant #$DaysDuration) and typically coincide with some day of the year (see the constant #$CalendarDay). However, some instances of #$Holiday (such as the instances of #$ChanukkahHoliday or #$Oktoberfest-Holiday) last for several days. While instances of #$Holiday are often annual events, they may also be one-time events or scheduled in some other manner. They are also contextual, as different nationalities and ethnic groups celebrate different ones.") (#$genls #$Holiday #$HumanActivity) (#$genls #$Holiday #$Individual) (#$genls #$Holiday #$SocialOccurrence) (#$isa #$Holiday #$DefaultDisjointScriptType) (#$isa #$Holiday #$TemporalObjectType) (#$comment #$Homeotherm "A specialization of #$Animal and an instance of #$OrganismClassificationType. Each instance of #$Homeotherm is a \"warm-blooded\" animal. That is, eachinstance is an animal that is able to maintain a stable body temperature relative to its environmental temperature. Cf. #$Poikilotherm.") (#$disjointWith #$Homeotherm #$Poikilotherm) (#$genls #$Homeotherm #$Animal) (#$genls #$Homeotherm #$Animal) (#$genls #$Homeotherm #$Individual) (#$isa #$Homeotherm #$ExistingObjectType) (#$isa #$Homeotherm #$OrganismClassificationType) (#$comment #$HominidaeFamily "A specialization of #$Primate. The collection #$HominidaeFamily is the family to which humans, human primate ancestors, and chimps, gorillas, and orangutans belong.") (#$genls #$HominidaeFamily #$Individual) (#$genls #$HominidaeFamily #$Primate) (#$isa #$HominidaeFamily #$BiologicalFamily) (#$isa #$HominidaeFamily #$ExistingObjectType) (#$comment #$HomogeneousSpaceRegion "A specialization of #$SpaceRegion. Each instance HOMOREGION of #$HomogeneousSpaceRegion is a portion of a three dimensional space and is of uniform dimensionality; i.e. HOMOREGION has no protrusion that is of a lower dimensionality than HOMOREGION itself, nor is there any hole in HOMOREGION that is of a lower dimensionality than HOMOREGION. For instance, a slice of space shaped as a planar surface will be considered homogeneous provided that there is no \"missing\" line or point.") (#$genls #$HomogeneousSpaceRegion #$Individual) (#$genls #$HomogeneousSpaceRegion #$SpaceRegion) (#$isa #$HomogeneousSpaceRegion #$StuffType) (#$comment #$HomoGenus "The genus to which past or present human species belong.") (#$genls #$HomoGenus #$HominidaeFamily) (#$genls #$HomoGenus #$Individual) (#$isa #$HomoGenus #$BiologicalGenus) (#$isa #$HomoGenus #$ExistingObjectType) (#$arg1Isa #$honorsThing #$TemporalThing) (#$arg1Isa #$honorsThing #$TemporalThing) (#$arg1Isa #$honorsThing #$TemporalThing) (#$arg2Isa #$honorsThing #$Thing) (#$arg2Isa #$honorsThing #$Thing) (#$arg2Isa #$honorsThing #$Thing) (#$argIsa #$honorsThing 1 #$TemporalThing) (#$argIsa #$honorsThing 1 #$TemporalThing) (#$argIsa #$honorsThing 1 #$TemporalThing) (#$argIsa #$honorsThing 1 #$TemporalThing) (#$argIsa #$honorsThing 2 #$Thing) (#$argIsa #$honorsThing 2 #$Thing) (#$argIsa #$honorsThing 2 #$Thing) (#$argIsa #$honorsThing 2 #$Thing) (#$arity #$honorsThing 2) (#$comment #$honorsThing "A binary predicate which relates instances of #$TemporalThing to instances of #$Thing. (#$honorsThing OBJ THING) means that OBJ commemorates or memorializes THING. This is a very general predicate which can be used to talk about monuments, holidays and many other things. For instance, (#$honorsThing #$StatueOfLiberty #$Freedom-Emotion). See also the more specialized #$artifactHonors and #$monumentHonors.") (#$genlPreds #$honorsThing #$topicOfIndividual) (#$genlPredsWRTTypes #$honorsThing #$visuallyDepicts #$Sculpture #$Person) (#$isa #$honorsThing #$AsymmetricBinaryPredicate) (#$negationInverse #$honorsThing #$honorsThing) (#$negationInverse #$honorsThing #$honorsThing) (#$relationAllExists #$honorsThing #$MemorialMarker #$Individual) (#$comment #$Hope "Expectation of fulfillment or success. This is a collection; for an explanation of a typical #$FeelingType, see #$Happiness.") (#$genls #$Hope #$FeelingAttribute) (#$isa #$Hope #$AtemporalNecessarilyEssentialCollectionType) (#$isa #$Hope #$FeelingType) (#$comment #$Hopeful "A specialization of #$IntelligentAgent. Each instance is an agent in the emotional state of being hopeful. Use this constant with a #$GenericValueFunction to denote a collection of agents that are in this emotional state to some varying degree.") (#$genls #$Hopeful #$Individual) (#$genls #$Hopeful #$IntelligentAgent) (#$isa #$Hopeful #$AgentTypeByEmotionalState) (#$isa #$Hopeful #$FirstOrderCollection) (#$comment #$Horizon "The collection of all horizons, each being the far-off region within a few degrees of the horizontal plane, where the sky appears to join the distant landscape. The horizon is always relative to a particular point of observation.") (#$genls #$Horizon #$Individual) (#$genls #$Horizon #$Place) (#$genls #$Horizon #$Place-NonAgent) (#$isa #$Horizon #$ExistingObjectType) (#$argIsa #$HorsePower 0 #$SubLRealNumber) (#$argsIsa #$HorsePower #$SubLRealNumber) (#$argsIsa #$HorsePower #$SubLRealNumber) (#$argsIsa #$HorsePower #$SubLRealNumber) (#$arityMax #$HorsePower 2) (#$arityMax #$HorsePower 2) (#$arityMin #$HorsePower 1) (#$arityMin #$HorsePower 1) (#$comment #$HorsePower "An instance of #$UnitOfPower. When applied to a number or pair of numbers, #$HorsePower returns an instance of #$Power as its value. For example, (#$HorsePower 300) is a power of 300 horsepower. Note that 1 horsepower is equivalent to 746 watts.") (#$isa #$HorsePower #$UnitOfMeasureNoPrefix) (#$isa #$HorsePower #$UnitOfPower) (#$resultIsa #$HorsePower #$Individual) (#$resultIsa #$HorsePower #$Power) (#$resultIsa #$HorsePower #$ScalarInterval) (#$comment #$Hospital "#$Hospital is a specialization of #$MedicalCareInstitution and #$SingleSiteLocalOrganizationWithClients. Each instance of #$Hospital is a local (at one site -- see #$HospitalBuilding) organization composed of physicians, support personnel, and usually administrators. The main function of the organization is to provide medical care (short or long term) to a number of patients/clients, for a fee if the patient/client is able to pay. A clinic services out-patients, while a hospital has in-patients. A hospital may have a clinic as a sub-organization, though.") (#$genls #$Hospital #$Individual) (#$genls #$Hospital #$MedicalCareInstitution) (#$genls #$Hospital #$SingleSiteLocalOrganizationWithClients) (#$isa #$Hospital #$ExistingObjectType) (#$comment #$HospitalCareEvent "What happens when you are in the hospital being treated for a disease like Cancer or Hepatitis or AIDS, or recovering from Surgery. This is not just a #$MedicalCareEvent which happens in a hospital; it's the whole event meant by a hospital stay. Also see #$HospitalRoomStay which only represents the stay in the room.") (#$genls #$HospitalCareEvent #$Individual) (#$genls #$HospitalCareEvent #$MedicalCareEvent) (#$isa #$HospitalCareEvent #$DefaultDisjointScriptType) (#$isa #$HospitalCareEvent #$TemporalObjectType) (#$comment #$Hostile "A specialization of #$IntelligentAgent. Each instance is an agent in the emotional state of being hostile. Use this constant with a #$GenericValueFunction to denote a collection of agents that are in this emotional state to some varying degree.") (#$genls #$Hostile #$Individual) (#$genls #$Hostile #$IntelligentAgent) (#$isa #$Hostile #$AgentTypeByEmotionalState) (#$isa #$Hostile #$FirstOrderCollection) (#$comment #$HostileSocialAction "A specialization of both #$PurposefulAction and #$SocialOccurrence. Each instance of #$HostileSocialAction is a hostile or pugnacious event, adverse to some agent(s), in which multiple agents, at least one of whom is acting deliberately, take part. Specializations of this collection include #$PhysicallyAttackingAnAgent and #$PoliticalDispute.") (#$disjointWith #$HostileSocialAction #$SocialGathering) (#$genls #$HostileSocialAction #$Individual) (#$genls #$HostileSocialAction #$PurposefulAction) (#$genls #$HostileSocialAction #$SocialOccurrence) (#$isa #$HostileSocialAction #$TemporalStuffType) (#$comment #$Hostility "A feeling of strong antagonism towards another agent, organization, or group, sufficient to motivate harmful speech or actions against them. This is a #$Collection --- for an explanation of that, see #$Happiness. Some more specialized #$FeelingTypes than #$Hostility include feelings of #$Hate.") (#$genls #$Hostility #$FeelingAttribute) (#$isa #$Hostility #$AtemporalNecessarilyEssentialCollectionType) (#$isa #$Hostility #$FeelingType) (#$arg1Isa #$hostOfEvent #$SocialGathering) (#$arg1Isa #$hostOfEvent #$SocialGathering) (#$arg2Format #$hostOfEvent #$SetTheFormat) (#$arg2Isa #$hostOfEvent #$Agent) (#$arg2Isa #$hostOfEvent #$SocialBeing) (#$argFormat #$hostOfEvent 2 #$SetTheFormat) (#$argIsa #$hostOfEvent 2 #$Agent) (#$argIsa #$hostOfEvent 2 #$Agent) (#$argIsa #$hostOfEvent 2 #$SocialBeing) (#$argIsa #$hostOfEvent 1 #$SocialGathering) (#$argIsa #$hostOfEvent 1 #$SocialGathering) (#$argIsa #$hostOfEvent 1 #$SocialGathering) (#$arity #$hostOfEvent 2) (#$comment #$hostOfEvent "(#$hostOfEvent GATHERING AGENT) means that AGENT is a host of the #$SocialGathering GATHERING.") (#$genlPreds #$hostOfEvent #$socialParticipants) (#$isa #$hostOfEvent #$ActorSlot) (#$isa #$hostOfEvent #$AgentiveRole) (#$isa #$hostOfEvent #$BinaryPredicate) (#$minimizeExtent #$hostOfEvent) (#$comment #$HotAirBalloon "#$HotAirBalloon is a specialization of #$Balloon. Each instance of #$HotAirBalloon is a hot-air buoyant balloon, consisting of a gas-bag into which hot air is introduced, and from which a basket or passenger compartment hangs.") (#$genls #$HotAirBalloon #$Balloon) (#$genls #$HotAirBalloon #$Individual) (#$genls #$HotAirBalloon #$LighterThanAirCraft) (#$isa #$HotAirBalloon #$ExistingObjectType) (#$isa #$HotAirBalloon #$ProductType) (#$arg1Isa #$HourFn (#$IntegerFromFn 0 23)) (#$arg2Isa #$HourFn #$CalendarDay) (#$argIsa #$HourFn 2 #$CalendarDay) (#$argIsa #$HourFn 2 #$CalendarDay) (#$argIsa #$HourFn 1 (#$IntegerFromFn 0 23)) (#$argIsa #$HourFn 1 (#$IntegerFromFn 0 23)) (#$arity #$HourFn 2) (#$comment #$HourFn "An instance of #$DateDenotingFunction. When applied to an integer in the range 0 through 23 and an instance of #$CalendarDay, #$HourFn returns an instance of #$CalendarHour. (#$HourFn INTEGER DAY) denotes hour number INTEGER of DAY. For example, (#$HourFn 18 (#$DayFn 14 (#$MonthFn #$February (#$YearFn 1966)))) denotes the 60 minute interval lasting from 6:00:00pm on 14 February 1966 to 7:00:00pm on 14 February 1966.") (#$isa #$HourFn #$BinaryFunction) (#$isa #$HourFn #$DateDenotingFunction) (#$isa #$HourFn #$UnreifiableFunction) (#$resultIsa #$HourFn #$CalendarHour) (#$resultIsa #$HourFn #$Individual) (#$comment #$HourlyWorker "An instance of #$EmployeeTypeByWorkStatus and a specialization of #$Employee. Each instance of #$HourlyWorker is a worker who is paid an hourly rate for work done. See also #$SalariedWorker and #$CommissionedWorker.") (#$genls #$HourlyWorker #$Employee) (#$genls #$HourlyWorker #$Individual) (#$isa #$HourlyWorker #$EmployeeTypeByWorkStatus) (#$isa #$HourlyWorker #$ExistingObjectType) (#$comment #$HourOfDayType "A collection of collections. Instances of #$HourOfDayType are 24 canonical subcollections of #$CalendarHour, such as #$TimeOfDay-8AM. This is a proper subcollection of #$TimeOfDayType, which could include larger or smaller times of the day, such as `before noon' (which in Cyc is named #$TimeOfDay-AM).") (#$genls #$HourOfDayType #$ConventionallyClassifiedDisjointTimeIntervalType) (#$genls #$HourOfDayType #$TemporalObjectType) (#$genls #$HourOfDayType #$TimeOfDayType) (#$isa #$HourOfDayType #$CollectionType) (#$isa #$HourOfDayType #$CollectionType) (#$isa #$HourOfDayType #$CyclicalIntervalGroupType) (#$isa #$HourOfDayType #$SecondOrderCollection) (#$typeGenls #$HourOfDayType #$CalendarHour) (#$argIsa #$HoursDuration 0 #$SubLRealNumber) (#$argsIsa #$HoursDuration #$SubLRealNumber) (#$argsIsa #$HoursDuration #$SubLRealNumber) (#$arityMax #$HoursDuration 2) (#$arityMax #$HoursDuration 2) (#$arityMin #$HoursDuration 1) (#$arityMin #$HoursDuration 1) (#$comment #$HoursDuration "A #$UnitOfTime function that takes one or two real numbers as argument(s) and returns, as its value, a comparable #$Time-Quantity attribute measured in hours. More precisely: an expression of the form (#$HoursDuration NUM) denotes a (\"point-like\") #$Time-Quantity of being exactly NUM hours in duration; an expression of the form (#$HoursDuration MIN MAX) denotes a (properly interval-like) #$Time-Quantity of being at least MIN hours and most MAX hours in duration.") (#$isa #$HoursDuration #$UnitOfMeasureNoPrefix) (#$isa #$HoursDuration #$UnitOfTime) (#$resultIsa #$HoursDuration #$Individual) (#$resultIsa #$HoursDuration #$Time-Quantity) (#$comment #$HouseholdAppliance "A specialization of #$MechanicalDevice. Each instance of #$HouseholdAppliance is a device used in one of the tasks typically carried on in a home, such as food preparation, food storage, laundry, household cleaning, personal cleaning, and cooling or heating the house for comfort. Specializations of #$HouseholdAppliance include the collections #$Oven, #$Refrigerator, #$ClothesDryer, #$VacuumCleaner, #$HotWaterHeater, and #$Furnace.") (#$disjointWith #$HouseholdAppliance #$ConsumableProduct) (#$disjointWith #$HouseholdAppliance #$Engine) (#$disjointWith #$HouseholdAppliance #$NavigationDevice) (#$disjointWith #$HouseholdAppliance #$TransportationDevice-Vehicle) (#$disjointWith #$HouseholdAppliance #$Weapon) (#$genls #$HouseholdAppliance #$HumanOccupationConstructObject) (#$genls #$HouseholdAppliance #$Individual) (#$genls #$HouseholdAppliance #$MechanicalDevice) (#$genls #$HouseholdAppliance #$PoweredDevice) (#$isa #$HouseholdAppliance #$ExistingObjectType) (#$isa #$HouseholdAppliance #$ProductType) (#$comment #$HumanAccessibleIBO "A specialization of both #$HumanAccessibleIBT and #$InformationBearingObject. Each instance of #$HumanAccessibleIBO is an object (i.e. an instance of #$PartiallyTangible) that can be interpreted by a #$Person to yield information. Examples include street signs, product wrappings and roulette wheels. #$InformationBearingObjects requiring a device to convert them into human understandable form (such as DVDs) are not included. Most instances of #$HumanAccessibleIBO are also instances of #$StillImageSource. Objects such as Braille book copies, however, are not (since they are not interpreted visually). Objects that are instances of #$HumanAccessibleIBT, #$StillImageSource and #$Artifact fall into the collection defined as the intersection of these three -- #$HardcopyInformationBearingObject.") (#$genls #$HumanAccessibleIBO #$HumanAccessibleIBT) (#$genls #$HumanAccessibleIBO #$Individual) (#$genls #$HumanAccessibleIBO #$InformationBearingObject) (#$isa #$HumanAccessibleIBO #$ExistingObjectType) (#$comment #$HumanAccessibleIBT "A collection of #$InformationBearingThings, each of which contains information, for a #$Person who understands how to interpret it. Examples include a copy of the novel _Moby Dick_, a signal buoy, a #$Photograph, a #$Flag, an elevator sign in Braille, a map, a US dollar bill, a word in #$AmericanSignLanguage and a musical performance. #$InformationBearingThings that must be processed by some device (movie reels, #$PhonographRecords, #$DVD-Disks, etc.) are not included in this collection. An important specialization of this collection is #$HumanAccessibleIBO, composed of #$HumanAccessibleIBTs that are also objects (i.e,. instances of #$PartiallyTangible). Thus the copy of _Moby Dick_, the buoy, the photograph and the flag mentioned above are also #$HumanAccessibleIBOs -- but not the word in #$AmericanSignLanguage, nor the musical performance.") (#$genls #$HumanAccessibleIBT #$Individual) (#$genls #$HumanAccessibleIBT #$InformationBearingThing) (#$isa #$HumanAccessibleIBT #$ExistingObjectType) (#$comment #$HumanActivitiesMt "The statements about actions in this microtheory are true regardless of whether the action is performed by a person or by organizations of people. If an assertion is only true for actions performed by individual persons, it should go in the #$IndividualHumanActivitiesMt or one of the mts for which it is base; if an assertion is only true for actions performed by organizations, it should go in the #$OrganizationMt or one of its related mts. The #$HumanActivitiesMt also includes the assumption that the people are not innovative in the way they perform the actions (e.g. tools are used for their intended purpose and nothing else, so no one would unlock a door with a credit card). This microtheory assumes in addition that agents are rational, that they are aware of relevant aspects of their situation (e.g., aware of the capabilities they have for doing what they are doing), and that tools work the way they are supposed to.") (#$genlMt #$HumanActivitiesMt #$AmbientConditionsMt) (#$genlMt #$HumanActivitiesMt #$AnimalActivitiesMt) (#$genlMt #$HumanActivitiesMt #$BaseKB) (#$genlMt #$HumanActivitiesMt #$BaseKB) (#$genlMt #$HumanActivitiesMt #$BiologicalSocialMt) (#$genlMt #$HumanActivitiesMt #$GeographyMt) (#$genlMt #$HumanActivitiesMt #$HumanAilmentMt) (#$genlMt #$HumanActivitiesMt #$HumanPerceptionMt) (#$genlMt #$HumanActivitiesMt #$OrganizationBuildingMt) (#$genlMt #$HumanActivitiesMt #$OrganizationProductMt) (#$genlMt #$HumanActivitiesMt #$ProductUsageMt) (#$genlMt #$HumanActivitiesMt #$WorldGeographyMt) (#$isa #$HumanActivitiesMt #$GeneralMicrotheory) (#$isa #$HumanActivitiesMt #$TheoryMicrotheory) (#$comment #$HumanActivity "A specialization of #$AnimalActivity. Each instance of #$HumanActivity is a spatially-localized action each of whose \"doers\" (see #$doneBy) is either a #$Person or a group of people (i.e. a #$Group all of whose members are #$Persons).") (#$genls #$HumanActivity #$AnimalActivity) (#$genls #$HumanActivity #$Individual) (#$isa #$HumanActivity #$TemporalStuffType) (#$comment #$HumanAdult "The collection of human beings old enough to participate as independent, mature members of society. Since different societies have different age or maturity requirements for people to be considered adults, different axioms in various society-specific microtheories express these requirements. For most modern, Western, middle-class,... purposes, e.g., the current view is that anyone over 18 is an adult. In many cultures, adulthood occurs when one reaches puberty. Adulthood is #$contiguousAfter childhood; that is, a #$Person is a #$HumanChild for a while, and then is a #$HumanAdult.") (#$disjointWith #$HumanAdult #$Embryo) (#$genls #$HumanAdult #$AdultAnimal) (#$genls #$HumanAdult #$Person) (#$isa #$HumanAdult #$LifeStageType) (#$isa #$HumanAdult #$PersonTypeByCulture) (#$comment #$HumanAilmentMt "This #$TheoryMicrotheory is a specialization of #$AilmentMt. It is used for the axiomatization of specific knowledge about ailments affecting human physiology.") (#$genlMt #$HumanAilmentMt #$AilmentMt) (#$genlMt #$HumanAilmentMt #$BaseKB) (#$genlMt #$HumanAilmentMt #$BaseKB) (#$genlMt #$HumanAilmentMt #$HumanPhysiologyMt) (#$isa #$HumanAilmentMt #$GeneralMicrotheory) (#$isa #$HumanAilmentMt #$TheoryMicrotheory) (#$comment #$HumanBehavioralAttribute "A specialization of #$AttributeValue. Each instance of #$HumanBehavioralAttribute is an attribute of a human being which pertains to his or her social and personal behavior. Some of these attributes are related (explicitly or implicitly) to a particular social relationship of the person, while others are qualities attributed to the individual which get their social significance by implicit reference to a social group. Examples include #$Married, #$Single, #$IntimateAcquaintance, #$OccasionalContactAcquaintance, #$AuthorityRelationship, (#$LowAmountFn #$CredibilityStatus), (#$HighAmountFn #$SocialPower), and all the instances of #$EducationLevelAttribute (such as #$MastersLevel).") (#$genls #$HumanBehavioralAttribute #$AttributeValue) (#$isa #$HumanBehavioralAttribute #$AtemporalNecessarilyEssentialCollectionType) (#$isa #$HumanBehavioralAttribute #$ObjectType) (#$comment #$HumanCapabilityType "This is the collection of all types of action which can be performed in normal circumstances by any adult human being, that is, they are human capabilities in the sense that we expect a normal adult person to be able to do them in typical circumstances. This is not the collection of types of action which can be done by some, but not all, persons. For example, #$WalkingOnTwoLegs is an instance, but #$Juggling is not, because all normal people can walk but only some can juggle.") (#$disjointWith #$HumanCapabilityType #$AbstractShapeType) (#$genls #$HumanCapabilityType #$FirstOrderCollection) (#$isa #$HumanCapabilityType #$Collection) (#$isa #$HumanCapabilityType #$CollectionType) (#$isa #$HumanCapabilityType #$SecondOrderCollection) (#$typeGenls #$HumanCapabilityType #$HumanActivity) (#$comment #$HumanChild "The collection of all #$Persons in the childhood stage of life. Functionally, this ends when the child begins to take responsibility for themselves, work, have children of their own,... or, at latest, when the person's age greatly exceeds that at which most people reach those milestones. Generally, this means that it spans the period from birth to teenage years. This is highly dependent on context, of course; childhood in Shakespeare's culture ended around age 12.") (#$genls #$HumanChild #$Individual) (#$genls #$HumanChild #$Person) (#$genls #$HumanChild (#$JuvenileFn #$Person)) (#$isa #$HumanChild #$LifeStageType) (#$isa #$HumanChild #$PersonTypeByCulture) (#$comment #$HumanCyclist "A specialization of #$Cyclist and #$Person. Each instance of #$HumanCyclist is a person who is entitled to inspect and modify the Cyc knowledge base.") (#$genls #$HumanCyclist #$Cyclist) (#$genls #$HumanCyclist #$Cyclist) (#$genls #$HumanCyclist #$Individual) (#$genls #$HumanCyclist #$Person) (#$isa #$HumanCyclist #$Collection) (#$isa #$HumanCyclist #$CoreConstant) (#$isa #$HumanCyclist #$PersonTypeByActivity) (#$comment #$HumanFamilyNameString "A specialization of #$HumanNameString. Each instance of this collection is a character-string (e.g. \"Smith\", \"Nguyen\") given to people as a 'family' or last name. It is thus to be distinguished from #$HumanGivenNameString. See also #$HumanSurname.") (#$genls #$HumanFamilyNameString #$HumanNameString) (#$genls #$HumanFamilyNameString #$List) (#$isa #$HumanFamilyNameString #$IDStringType) (#$isa #$HumanFamilyNameString #$ObjectType) (#$comment #$HumanFoodGMt "This is the most general microtheory dealing with human food. ") (#$genlMt #$HumanFoodGMt #$BaseKB) (#$genlMt #$HumanFoodGMt #$BotanyMt) (#$genlMt #$HumanFoodGMt #$HumanFoodGVocabularyMt) (#$isa #$HumanFoodGMt #$GeneralMicrotheory) (#$isa #$HumanFoodGMt #$TheoryMicrotheory) (#$comment #$HumanFoodGVocabularyMt "The #$VocabularyMicrotheory for #$HumanFoodGMt.") (#$genlMt #$HumanFoodGVocabularyMt #$BaseKB) (#$genlMt #$HumanFoodGVocabularyMt #$BotanyVocabularyMt) (#$isa #$HumanFoodGVocabularyMt #$VocabularyMicrotheory) (#$comment #$HumanGivenName "A specialization of #$Name. Each instance of this collection is a name that is given to human beings as a 'first name' (e.g. #$Lionel-TheName, #$Winifred-TheName). It is thus to be contrasted with (though of course not disjoint with) #$HumanSurname. For a representation of the actual string of letters which makes up any given given name, see #$HumanGivenNameString (and for relating the two, see #$nameSpelling).") (#$genls #$HumanGivenName #$Name) (#$isa #$HumanGivenName #$LinguisticObjectType) (#$comment #$HumanGivenNameString "A specialization of #$HumanNameString. Each instance of this collection is a character-string (e.g. `Billy' and `Peter') given to people as a first name (or, in most Western countries, as a middle name), usually shortly after birth. It is thus to be distinguished from (though is not disjoint with) #$HumanFamilyNameString. This collection also includes nicknames such as \"Red\" or \"The Refrigerator\". See also #$HumanGivenName.") (#$genls #$HumanGivenNameString #$HumanNameString) (#$genls #$HumanGivenNameString #$List) (#$isa #$HumanGivenNameString #$IDStringType) (#$isa #$HumanGivenNameString #$ObjectType) (#$comment #$HumanInfant "The collection of #$Persons in the infant stage of life. Functionally, this ends when the infant learns to walk (even just toddle) and/or talk (even a few words)... or, at latest, when the person's age greatly exceeds that at which most people develop those skills. Generally, this means that it spans the period from birth to about 12 - 18 months old. One of the subsets of this collection is #$NewbornBaby.") (#$genls #$HumanInfant #$HumanChild) (#$genls #$HumanInfant #$HumanChild) (#$genls #$HumanInfant #$Individual) (#$isa #$HumanInfant #$LifeStageType) (#$isa #$HumanInfant #$PersonTypeByCulture) (#$comment #$HumanLanguage "A specialization of #$Language. Each instance of this collection is a language that is used by human communities for communication. This collection differs from #$NaturalLanguage in that a #$HumanLanguage may be purposefully created, while #$NaturalLanguages evolve without a purposeful creation process. Instances of #$HumanLanguage thus include not only many #$NaturalLanguages, but also made-up languages like Esperanto and many (non-natural) #$SignLanguages.") (#$genls #$HumanLanguage #$Individual) (#$genls #$HumanLanguage #$Language) (#$genls #$HumanLanguage #$TemporalThing) (#$isa #$HumanLanguage #$ObjectType) (#$comment #$HumanlyOccupiedSpatialObject "A specialization of #$InanimateThing. Each instance of #$HumanlyOccupiedSpatialObject is a place that humans occupy. Instances include both movable things, such as cars and ships, and things having a more or less permanent location, such as houses or office buildings. Instances include things made by human beings, such as subway stations or concert halls, as well as things not made by human beings, such as caves.") (#$disjointWith #$HumanlyOccupiedSpatialObject #$AdvocacyOrganization) (#$disjointWith #$HumanlyOccupiedSpatialObject #$DrugSubstance) (#$disjointWith #$HumanlyOccupiedSpatialObject #$EdibleStuff) (#$disjointWith #$HumanlyOccupiedSpatialObject #$FinancialOrganization) (#$disjointWith #$HumanlyOccupiedSpatialObject #$GovernmentalOrganization) (#$disjointWith #$HumanlyOccupiedSpatialObject #$HardcopyInformationBearingObject) (#$disjointWith #$HumanlyOccupiedSpatialObject #$HealthcareOrganization) (#$disjointWith #$HumanlyOccupiedSpatialObject #$IndependentOrganization) (#$disjointWith #$HumanlyOccupiedSpatialObject #$LocalOrganization) (#$disjointWith #$HumanlyOccupiedSpatialObject #$MilitaryOrganization) (#$disjointWith #$HumanlyOccupiedSpatialObject #$NationalOrganization) (#$disjointWith #$HumanlyOccupiedSpatialObject #$OrganizationOfPeopleOnly) (#$disjointWith #$HumanlyOccupiedSpatialObject #$OrganizationWithIndividualClients) (#$disjointWith #$HumanlyOccupiedSpatialObject #$Particle) (#$disjointWith #$HumanlyOccupiedSpatialObject #$PlumbingFixture) (#$disjointWith #$HumanlyOccupiedSpatialObject #$PrivateSectorOrganization) (#$disjointWith #$HumanlyOccupiedSpatialObject #$ProjectileLauncher) (#$disjointWith #$HumanlyOccupiedSpatialObject #$SellingOrganization) (#$disjointWith #$HumanlyOccupiedSpatialObject #$SingleSiteOrganization) (#$disjointWith #$HumanlyOccupiedSpatialObject #$SomethingToWear) (#$disjointWith #$HumanlyOccupiedSpatialObject #$TextualMaterial) (#$disjointWith #$HumanlyOccupiedSpatialObject #$Tool) (#$disjointWith #$HumanlyOccupiedSpatialObject #$TravelOrganization) (#$disjointWith #$HumanlyOccupiedSpatialObject (#$LiquidFn #$Water)) (#$genls #$HumanlyOccupiedSpatialObject #$InanimateThing) (#$genls #$HumanlyOccupiedSpatialObject #$Individual) (#$isa #$HumanlyOccupiedSpatialObject #$ExistingObjectType) (#$comment #$HumanNameString "A specialization of #$ProperNameString. Each instance of this collection is a name which is given to human beings. Two important specializations of this collection are #$HumanGivenNameString and #$HumanFamilyNameString.") (#$genls #$HumanNameString #$List) (#$genls #$HumanNameString #$ProperNameString) (#$isa #$HumanNameString #$IDStringType) (#$isa #$HumanNameString #$ObjectType) (#$comment #$HumanOccupationConstruct "A specialization of both #$ConstructionArtifact and #$HumanlyOccupiedSpatialObject. Each instance of #$HumanOccupationConstruct is a construction artifact whose primary function is to serve as a place where people perform certain activities. Instances of #$HumanOccupationConstruct include instances of #$HumanShelterConstruction (e.g., houses), sub-regions within a #$HumanShelterConstruction which are intended for human use (e.g., rooms, shower stalls), and regions in any transportation vehicle which are designed for human occupancy (e.g., a cockpit, a passenger compartment). Note that some buildings which are not themselves instances of #$HumanOccupationConstruct, such as #$HooverDam, may have a sub-region which is a #$HumanOccupationConstruct (e.g., the control room at the top of the dam). Note also that the collection #$HumanOccupationConstruct is broad enough to include tents, boiler rooms, elevator shafts, steam tunnels, and the space inside the #$LincolnMemorialInWashingtonDC. Consequently, an instance of #$HumanOccupationConstruct need not be completely indoors (see #$Indoors-IsolatedFromOutside), although it cannot be purely outdoors (see #$OutdoorLocation).") (#$disjointWith #$HumanOccupationConstruct #$ControlDevice) (#$disjointWith #$HumanOccupationConstruct #$NavigationDevice) (#$disjointWith #$HumanOccupationConstruct #$OutdoorLocation) (#$disjointWith #$HumanOccupationConstruct #$PathForWheeledVehicles) (#$disjointWith #$HumanOccupationConstruct #$Shaft) (#$disjointWith #$HumanOccupationConstruct #$SheetOfSomeStuff) (#$genls #$HumanOccupationConstruct #$ConstructionArtifact) (#$genls #$HumanOccupationConstruct #$ContainerProduct) (#$genls #$HumanOccupationConstruct #$HexalateralObject) (#$genls #$HumanOccupationConstruct #$HumanlyOccupiedSpatialObject) (#$genls #$HumanOccupationConstruct #$Individual) (#$isa #$HumanOccupationConstruct #$ExistingObjectType) (#$comment #$HumanOccupationConstructObject "A specialization of both #$Artifact and #$HumanScaleObject. Each instance of #$HumanOccupationConstructObject is an artifact that is of a type typically found in some indoor place where humans live or work -- i.e. in some instance of #$HumanOccupationConstruct. Since these objects are normally found indoors, they are all roughly \"human-sized\". Instances of #$HumanOccupationConstructObject include everything from furniture to tools, appliances to artwork, medical examining tables to church altars and pews.") (#$genls #$HumanOccupationConstructObject #$Artifact) (#$genls #$HumanOccupationConstructObject #$HumanScaleObject) (#$genls #$HumanOccupationConstructObject #$Individual) (#$isa #$HumanOccupationConstructObject #$ExistingObjectType) (#$comment #$HumanOccupationConstructResident "A specialization of #$Animal. Each specialization of #$HumanOccupationConstructResident is a type of animal that commonly resides in structures that house people (see the related constant #$HumanOccupationConstruct).") (#$genls #$HumanOccupationConstructResident #$Animal) (#$genls #$HumanOccupationConstructResident #$Individual) (#$isa #$HumanOccupationConstructResident #$ExistingObjectType) (#$comment #$HumanPerceptionMt "Mt for all assertions and assumptions related to human perception with the five senses: sight, hearing, smell, taste, touch.") (#$genlMt #$HumanPerceptionMt #$BaseKB) (#$genlMt #$HumanPerceptionMt #$BaseKB) (#$genlMt #$HumanPerceptionMt #$HumanPhysiologyMt) (#$genlMt #$HumanPerceptionMt #$PerceptionMt) (#$isa #$HumanPerceptionMt #$GeneralMicrotheory) (#$isa #$HumanPerceptionMt #$TheoryMicrotheory) (#$comment #$HumanPhysiologyMt "Naive theory of human physiology.") (#$genlMt #$HumanPhysiologyMt #$BaseKB) (#$genlMt #$HumanPhysiologyMt #$BaseKB) (#$genlMt #$HumanPhysiologyMt #$HumanPhysiologyVocabularyMt) (#$genlMt #$HumanPhysiologyMt #$VertebratePhysiologyMt) (#$isa #$HumanPhysiologyMt #$GeneralMicrotheory) (#$isa #$HumanPhysiologyMt #$TheoryMicrotheory) (#$comment #$HumanPhysiologyVocabularyMt "The #$VocabularyMicrotheory for #$HumanPhysiologyMt") (#$genlMt #$HumanPhysiologyVocabularyMt #$BaseKB) (#$genlMt #$HumanPhysiologyVocabularyMt #$VertebratePhysiologyVocabularyMt) (#$isa #$HumanPhysiologyVocabularyMt #$VocabularyMicrotheory) (#$comment #$HumanRelationshipAttribute "The collection of attributes that have to do with the description and character of human social relationships.") (#$genls #$HumanRelationshipAttribute #$HumanBehavioralAttribute) (#$isa #$HumanRelationshipAttribute #$AtemporalNecessarilyEssentialCollectionType) (#$isa #$HumanRelationshipAttribute #$ObjectType) (#$comment #$HumanResidence "A specialization of #$HumanShelterConstruction. Each instance of #$HumanResidence is a humanly constructed shelter (or a part of one) in which humans reside. The collection #$HumanResidence includes residential huts, igloos, longhouses, hotels, barracks, palaces, houseboats, and mobile homes, as well as apartments, duplexes, and detached houses. A person's residence is typically the place where she/he usually sleeps and keeps most personal effects.") (#$genls #$HumanResidence #$Individual) (#$genls #$HumanResidence #$PhysicalContactLocation) (#$isa #$HumanResidence #$ContactLocationType) (#$isa #$HumanResidence #$ExistingObjectType) (#$comment #$HumanResidenceArea "A specialization of #$GeographicalRegion. Each instance of #$HumanResidenceArea is a region in which a number of people live semi-permanently (that is, for a duration of at least a year or more). Examples include #$SanFranciscoBayArea, #$ResearchTrianglePark, research stations at the #$SouthPole, and radar posts in the Aleutians.") (#$genls #$HumanResidenceArea #$HumanlyOccupiedSpatialObject) (#$genls #$HumanResidenceArea #$Individual) (#$genls #$HumanResidenceArea #$OutdoorLocation) (#$isa #$HumanResidenceArea #$ExistingObjectType) (#$comment #$HumanScaleObject "A specialization of #$PartiallyTangible. Each instance of #$HumanScaleObject is an object that can be perceived and manipulated by human beings. Instances of this collection range roughly from objects the size of pinheads to objects the size of aircraft carriers.") (#$disjointWith #$HumanScaleObject #$GeoculturalRegion) (#$genls #$HumanScaleObject #$Individual) (#$genls #$HumanScaleObject #$PartiallyTangible) (#$isa #$HumanScaleObject #$TemporalStuffType) (#$comment #$HumanShelterConstruction "A specialization of both #$ShelterConstruction and #$HumanOccupationConstruct. Each instance of #$HumanShelterConstruction is a place designed to shelter people from the elements by allowing them to get indoors. Specializations include #$ModernHumanResidence, #$SchoolBuilding, #$ShoppingMallBuilding, and many others. Each instance of #$HumanShelterConstruction must have a roof and typically has sides, though the latter may be flimsy (as in instances of #$TentTheShelter) or even absent (as in some instances of #$ParkingGarage).") (#$disjointWith #$HumanShelterConstruction #$FluidReservoir) (#$genls #$HumanShelterConstruction #$HumanOccupationConstruct) (#$genls #$HumanShelterConstruction #$Individual) (#$genls #$HumanShelterConstruction #$ShelterConstruction) (#$isa #$HumanShelterConstruction #$ExistingObjectType) (#$physicalPartTypes #$HumanShelterConstruction #$LevelOfAConstruction) (#$comment #$HumanSkinColor "A specialization of #$Color. Each instance of #$HumanSkinColor is the color of some person's skin.") (#$genls #$HumanSkinColor #$AttributeValue) (#$genls #$HumanSkinColor #$CompositeScalarInterval) (#$isa #$HumanSkinColor #$AtemporalNecessarilyEssentialCollectionType) (#$isa #$HumanSkinColor #$CompositeScalarIntervalType) (#$comment #$HumanSocialLifeMt "A microtheory for representing the general (but not necessarily universal) aspects of human relationships. The focus is mainly on their social/cultural aspects.") (#$genlMt #$HumanSocialLifeMt #$BaseKB) (#$genlMt #$HumanSocialLifeMt #$BaseKB) (#$genlMt #$HumanSocialLifeMt #$CultureGMt) (#$genlMt #$HumanSocialLifeMt #$HumanActivitiesMt) (#$isa #$HumanSocialLifeMt #$GeneralMicrotheory) (#$isa #$HumanSocialLifeMt #$TheoryMicrotheory) (#$comment #$HumanSurname "A specialization of #$Name. Each instance of this collection is a name that is given to human beings as a 'family name'. It is thus to be contrasted with (though of course not disjoint with) #$HumanGivenName. For a representation of the actual string of letters which makes up any given surname, see #$HumanFamilyNameString (and for relating the two, see #$nameSpelling). See also the predicates #$lastName, #$familyName.") (#$genls #$HumanSurname #$Individual) (#$genls #$HumanSurname #$Name) (#$isa #$HumanSurname #$LinguisticObjectType) (#$comment #$HumidClimateCycle "A specialization of #$AnnualClimateCycle. Each instance of #$HumidClimateCycle is a year-long event consisting of weather occurring (typically) in various continental and subtropical regions. Characteristics of a humid climate include copious precipitation and high humidity.") (#$genls #$HumidClimateCycle #$AnnualClimateCycle) (#$genls #$HumidClimateCycle #$Individual) (#$isa #$HumidClimateCycle #$ClimateCycleType) (#$isa #$HumidClimateCycle #$TemporalObjectType) (#$comment #$HumidContinentalClimateCycle "A specialization of both #$HumidClimateCycle and #$TemperateClimateCycle. Each instance of #$HumidContinentalClimateCycle is a year-long event consisting of weather occurring (typically) in continental interiors within a temperate climate zone. Characteristics of a humid continental climate cycle include a warm summer and cold winter, with precipitation throughout. A good example of a region whose annual climate cycles are instances of #$HumidContinentalClimateCycle is the American Midwest. Cf. #$HumidSubtropicalClimateCycle.") (#$genls #$HumidContinentalClimateCycle #$HumidClimateCycle) (#$genls #$HumidContinentalClimateCycle #$Individual) (#$genls #$HumidContinentalClimateCycle #$TemperateClimateCycle) (#$isa #$HumidContinentalClimateCycle #$ClimateCycleType) (#$isa #$HumidContinentalClimateCycle #$TemporalObjectType) (#$subEventTypes #$HumidContinentalClimateCycle #$FallSeason) (#$subEventTypes #$HumidContinentalClimateCycle #$SpringSeason) (#$subEventTypes #$HumidContinentalClimateCycle #$SummerSeason) (#$subEventTypes #$HumidContinentalClimateCycle #$WinterSeason) (#$comment #$HumidSubtropicalClimateCycle "A specialization of both #$HumidClimateCycle and #$TemperateClimateCycle. Each instance of #$HumidSubtropicalClimateCycle is a year-long event consisting of weather occurring (typically) within a temperate climate zone. Characteristics of a humid subtropical climate cycle include a hot summer and a cool winter, with precipitation and moist air throughout. Cycles of this kind occur closer to the equator than do instances of #$HumidContinentalClimateCycle (q.v.). For instance, the Southeastern United States is a good example of a region whose annual climate cycles are instances of #$HumidSubtropicalClimateCycle.") (#$genls #$HumidSubtropicalClimateCycle #$HumidClimateCycle) (#$genls #$HumidSubtropicalClimateCycle #$Individual) (#$genls #$HumidSubtropicalClimateCycle #$TemperateClimateCycle) (#$isa #$HumidSubtropicalClimateCycle #$ClimateCycleType) (#$isa #$HumidSubtropicalClimateCycle #$TemporalObjectType) (#$subEventTypes #$HumidSubtropicalClimateCycle #$FallSeason) (#$subEventTypes #$HumidSubtropicalClimateCycle #$SpringSeason) (#$subEventTypes #$HumidSubtropicalClimateCycle #$SummerSeason) (#$subEventTypes #$HumidSubtropicalClimateCycle #$WinterSeason) (#$comment #$Humility "Insignificance, Inferiority: feeling of absence of pride in oneself and in one's achievement, with the connotation of undue self-deprecation, humilliation or abjectness") (#$genls #$Humility #$FeelingAttribute) (#$isa #$Humility #$AtemporalNecessarilyEssentialCollectionType) (#$isa #$Humility #$FeelingType) (#$arg1Isa #$hungerLevelOf #$AnimalPhysiologicalAttribute) (#$arg1Isa #$hungerLevelOf #$AnimalPhysiologicalAttribute) (#$arg1Isa #$hungerLevelOf #$ScalarInterval) (#$arg1Isa #$hungerLevelOf #$ScalarInterval) (#$arg2Format #$hungerLevelOf #$SetTheFormat) (#$arg2Isa #$hungerLevelOf #$Animal) (#$arg2Isa #$hungerLevelOf #$Animal) (#$argFormat #$hungerLevelOf 2 #$SetTheFormat) (#$argIsa #$hungerLevelOf 2 #$Animal) (#$argIsa #$hungerLevelOf 2 #$Animal) (#$argIsa #$hungerLevelOf 2 #$Animal) (#$argIsa #$hungerLevelOf 1 #$AnimalPhysiologicalAttribute) (#$argIsa #$hungerLevelOf 1 #$AnimalPhysiologicalAttribute) (#$argIsa #$hungerLevelOf 1 #$ScalarInterval) (#$argIsa #$hungerLevelOf 1 #$ScalarInterval) (#$arity #$hungerLevelOf 2) (#$comment #$hungerLevelOf "The predicate #$hungerLevelOf is used to express how hungry an #$Animal is. The first argument is a #$LevelOfHunger (q.v.): for instance, #$Hungry, #$Starving, #$Stuffed. The second argument is the #$Animal who feels hunger at this level.") (#$isa #$hungerLevelOf #$AgentPredicate) (#$isa #$hungerLevelOf #$BinaryPredicate) (#$isa #$hungerLevelOf #$IntangibleObjectPredicate) (#$comment #$HypotheticalContext "A #$MicrotheoryType. Each instance of #$HypotheticalContext consist of assertions that are posited strictly for the purpose of exploring their consequences, without alleging their actual truth. A hypothetical context can be used to analyze hypothetical outcomes of actions or to examine the hypothetical consequences of assuming some theory to be true. Also, various alternative choices might be asserted, each in its own hypothetical context, so their ramifications can be generated and compared.") (#$disjointWith #$HypotheticalContext #$SomethingExisting) (#$disjointWith #$HypotheticalContext #$TheoryMicrotheory) (#$genls #$HypotheticalContext #$Microtheory) (#$genls #$HypotheticalContext #$Microtheory) (#$isa #$HypotheticalContext #$AtemporalNecessarilyEssentialCollectionType) (#$isa #$HypotheticalContext #$Collection) (#$isa #$HypotheticalContext #$CoreConstant) (#$isa #$HypotheticalContext #$MicrotheoryType) (#$isa #$HypotheticalContext #$ObjectType) (#$comment #$Ia64ProcessorArchitecture "An instance of #$ComputerArchitectureAttribute. #$Ia64ProcessorArchitecture is a type of CISC computer chip, produced by #$IntelCorporation, postdating the popular #$X86ProcessorArchitecture (which included the Pentium), and released around 2001. It also goes by the name of \"Itanium\".") (#$isa #$Ia64ProcessorArchitecture #$AttributeValue) (#$isa #$Ia64ProcessorArchitecture #$ComputerArchitectureAttribute) (#$arg1Isa #$iboCreated #$IBOCreation) (#$arg1Isa #$iboCreated #$IBOCreation) (#$arg2Isa #$iboCreated #$InformationBearingObject) (#$arg2Isa #$iboCreated #$InformationBearingObject) (#$argIsa #$iboCreated 1 #$IBOCreation) (#$argIsa #$iboCreated 1 #$IBOCreation) (#$argIsa #$iboCreated 1 #$IBOCreation) (#$argIsa #$iboCreated 2 #$InformationBearingObject) (#$argIsa #$iboCreated 2 #$InformationBearingObject) (#$argIsa #$iboCreated 2 #$InformationBearingObject) (#$arity #$iboCreated 2) (#$comment #$iboCreated "A binary predicate which relates instances of #$IBOCreation to instances of #$InformationBearingObject. (#$iboCreated CREATION IBO) means that the tangible information-bearing object IBO is created in the event CREATION. For example, my copy of today's morning newspaper was created during the previous night's paper-publishing event. If the \"information-bearing object\" generated by CREATION is not a physical object (i.e. an instance of #$PartiallyTangible), use the less specific predicate #$ibtGenerated.") (#$genlPreds #$iboCreated #$ibtGenerated) (#$genlPreds #$iboCreated #$outputsCreated) (#$isa #$iboCreated #$ActorSlot) (#$relationAllExists #$iboCreated #$IBOCreation #$InformationBearingObject) (#$relationAllExists #$iboCreated #$Writing #$InformationBearingObject) (#$relationAllExists #$iboCreated #$IBOCreation #$TemporalThing) (#$relationAllExists #$iboCreated #$Writing #$TemporalThing) (#$minimizeExtent #$iboCreated) (#$comment #$IBOCreation "A specialization of both #$PhysicalCreationEvent and #$IBTGeneration. Each instance of #$IBOCreation is an event in which an instance of #$InformationBearingObject (hereafter IBO) is created. Examples of #$IBOCreation include publishing a book, making a film, printing a photograph, molding a plastic credit card, painting a billboard, and minting a coin. When an IBO is created, its content may be either original, be copied from a prior #$InformationBearingThing, or be instantiated from an existing #$ConceptualWork. See also the predicate #$iboCreated.") (#$genls #$IBOCreation #$HumanActivity) (#$genls #$IBOCreation #$IBTGeneration) (#$genls #$IBOCreation #$Individual) (#$genls #$IBOCreation #$PhysicalCreationEvent) (#$isa #$IBOCreation #$TemporalObjectType) (#$comment #$IBTContentType "A collection of collections. Instances of #$IBTContentType are specs of #$InformationBearingThing. Each such instance (that is, each IBTContentType) is specified primarily by the type or organization of information contained by its instances. For example, (#$isa #$Newsletter #$IBTContentType), since Newsletters are primarily distiguished from other kinds of IBTs by the nature and organization of information they contain. Similarly, #$JazzMusic, #$ComputerProgramCopy, and #$Spreadsheet are all IBTContentTypes, since each is primarily distinguished from other kinds of IBTs by the nature or organization of the information contained. Non-examples include #$CompactDisc-Generic, since compact discs are distinguished by their physical format, rather than their information content. (see #$IBTFormatType). IBTContentTypes whose instances contain not just similar but identical information (such as a single magazine issue, or #$CitizenKane-TheMovie), should be made specs of the more specific #$SpecifiedInformationBearingThingType. IBTContentTypes whose instances are members of a series (for example, #$StarTrek-Classic) should be made instances of #$IBTSeriesType.") (#$genls #$IBTContentType #$TemporalStuffType) (#$isa #$IBTContentType #$AtemporalNecessarilyEssentialCollectionType) (#$isa #$IBTContentType #$CollectionType) (#$isa #$IBTContentType #$CollectionType) (#$isa #$IBTContentType #$SecondOrderCollection) (#$isa #$IBTContentType #$SecondOrderCollection) (#$typeGenls #$IBTContentType #$InformationStore) (#$comment #$IBTCopying "A specialization of #$IBTGeneration-Replication. Each instance of #$IBTCopying is an event which generates some new instance or instances of #$InformationBearingThing by copying the information and format from a source #$InformationBearingThing (see #$informationOrigin). The new instance(s) of #$InformationBearingThing encode(s) approximately the same information in approximately the same way as the source #$InformationBearingThing. A positive example of #$IBTCopying would be a person producing a hand-written copy of a newspaper story, where the copy is in the same language as the story, and the format of the story (e.g., the ordering of the paragraphs) is not changed. Negative examples of #$IBTCopying would be a person producing a translation of the newspaper story, or a person producing a document in which the paragraphs of the story are extensively rearranged. Specializations of #$IBTCopying include #$CopyingAComputerFile and #$PhotocopyingADocument. See also the predicates #$copyProduced and #$itemCopied.") (#$genls #$IBTCopying #$IBTGeneration-Replication) (#$genls #$IBTCopying #$Individual) (#$isa #$IBTCopying #$TemporalObjectType) (#$keStrongSuggestionPreds #$IBTCopying #$itemCopied) (#$keWeakSuggestionPreds #$IBTCopying #$ibtGenerated) (#$arg1Isa #$ibtGenerated #$IBTGeneration) (#$arg1Isa #$ibtGenerated #$IBTGeneration) (#$arg2Isa #$ibtGenerated #$InformationBearingThing) (#$arg2Isa #$ibtGenerated #$InformationBearingThing) (#$argIsa #$ibtGenerated 1 #$IBTGeneration) (#$argIsa #$ibtGenerated 1 #$IBTGeneration) (#$argIsa #$ibtGenerated 1 #$IBTGeneration) (#$argIsa #$ibtGenerated 2 #$InformationBearingThing) (#$argIsa #$ibtGenerated 2 #$InformationBearingThing) (#$argIsa #$ibtGenerated 2 #$InformationBearingThing) (#$arity #$ibtGenerated 2) (#$comment #$ibtGenerated "A binary predicate which relates instances of #$IBTGeneration to instances of #$InformationBearingThing. (#$ibtGenerated GEN IBT) means that the #$InformationBearingThing IBT (be it a gesture, a novel, a picture projected on a screen or a computer program copy) comes into existence in, or as an immediate consequence of, the event GEN. See also #$IBTGeneratedFn.") (#$genlPreds #$ibtGenerated #$informationDestination) (#$interArgIsa1-2 #$ibtGenerated #$SpokenCommunicating #$Utterance-IBT) (#$isa #$ibtGenerated #$AsymmetricBinaryPredicate) (#$isa #$ibtGenerated #$BinaryRolePredicate) (#$negationInverse #$ibtGenerated #$ibtGenerated) (#$relationAllExists #$ibtGenerated #$Speaking #$AnimalUtterance-IBT) (#$relationAllExists #$ibtGenerated #$MakingAGesture #$Gesture) (#$relationAllExists #$ibtGenerated #$IBTGeneration #$InformationBearingThing) (#$relationAllExists #$ibtGenerated #$Speaking #$InformationBearingThing) (#$relationAllExists #$ibtGenerated #$Speaking #$Utterance-IBT) (#$relationExistsAll #$ibtGenerated #$MakingAGesture #$Gesture) (#$relationExistsAll #$ibtGenerated #$IBTGeneration #$InformationBearingThing) (#$comment #$IBTGeneration "A specialization of #$InformationTransferEvent and of #$Action. Each instance of #$IBTGeneration is an event which creates some #$InformationBearingThing. The #$InformationBearingThing created may be either a transient wave phenomenon (e.g. sound, light, or radio waves), or it may be a relatively long-lasting instance of #$InformationBearingObject (cf. the important specialization of IBTGeneration -- #$IBOCreation). Humans frequently generate such IBTs as spoken language, gestures, and handwritten notes. It is irrelevant for instances of #$IBTGeneration whether there is another agent who accesses the resulting IBT. Note that every communication act starts with an instance of #$IBTGeneration. (Thus, see also #$Communicating and its specializations, especially #$CommunicationAct-Single.) For an analogous collection regarding instances of #$ConceptualWork, see #$CWCreation. Two important specializations of this collection are #$IBTGeneration-Original and #$IBTGeneration-Replication. See also the predicate #$ibtGenerated.") (#$genls #$IBTGeneration #$Action) (#$genls #$IBTGeneration #$CreationEvent) (#$genls #$IBTGeneration #$Individual) (#$genls #$IBTGeneration #$InformationTransferEvent) (#$genls #$IBTGeneration #$TransferOut) (#$isa #$IBTGeneration #$TemporalObjectType) (#$comment #$IBTGeneration-Original "A specialization of #$IBTGeneration. Each instance of #$IBTGeneration-Original is an event in which some instance of #$InformationBearingThing (hereafter IBT) is generated, where the content of the IBT generated is not a copy of the content of any previously created IBT.") (#$disjointWith #$IBTGeneration-Original #$IBTGeneration-Replication) (#$genls #$IBTGeneration-Original #$CreatingAnArtifact) (#$genls #$IBTGeneration-Original #$HumanActivity) (#$genls #$IBTGeneration-Original #$IBTGeneration) (#$genls #$IBTGeneration-Original #$Individual) (#$isa #$IBTGeneration-Original #$DefaultDisjointScriptType) (#$isa #$IBTGeneration-Original #$TemporalObjectType) (#$comment #$IBTGeneration-Replication "A specialization of #$IBTGeneration. Each instance of #$IBTGeneration-Replication is an event in which a new instance of #$InformationBearingThing (IBT) is created whose content is based on that of a preexisting IBT (which is the #$informationOrigin (q.v.) of the generation event). The new IBT contains at least part of the information content of the original IBT. It may use the same or a different way of encoding the information.") (#$genls #$IBTGeneration-Replication #$IBTGeneration) (#$genls #$IBTGeneration-Replication #$Individual) (#$isa #$IBTGeneration-Replication #$TemporalObjectType) (#$comment #$IBTRecoding "A specialization of #$IBTGeneration-Replication. Each instance of #$IBTRecoding is an event which generates a new information-bearing thing (i.e., an instance of #$InformationBearingThing) by taking information from a source information-bearing thing (see #$informationOrigin), encoding it a new way, and incorporating it into a new information-bearing thing (see #$ibtGenerated). Instances of #$IBTRecoding may be done either by agents (e.g., people) or by non-agents (e.g., record players, or computers running translation software). Recoding the content of a pre-existing information-bearing thing presupposes some instance of accessing it (i.e., of #$AccessingAnIBT).") (#$genls #$IBTRecoding #$IBTGeneration-Replication) (#$genls #$IBTRecoding #$Individual) (#$isa #$IBTRecoding #$TemporalObjectType) (#$arg1Isa #$ibtUsed #$Event) (#$arg1Isa #$ibtUsed #$Event) (#$arg2Isa #$ibtUsed #$InformationBearingThing) (#$arg2Isa #$ibtUsed #$InformationBearingThing) (#$argIsa #$ibtUsed 1 #$Event) (#$argIsa #$ibtUsed 1 #$Event) (#$argIsa #$ibtUsed 1 #$Event) (#$argIsa #$ibtUsed 2 #$InformationBearingThing) (#$argIsa #$ibtUsed 2 #$InformationBearingThing) (#$argIsa #$ibtUsed 2 #$InformationBearingThing) (#$arity #$ibtUsed 2) (#$comment #$ibtUsed "A binary predicate which relates instances of #$Event to instances of #$InformationBearingThing. (#$ibtUsed EVENT IBT) means that IBT is directly used in EVENT in some way. For instance, EVENT might be the reading of a pamphlet and IBT might be the pamphlet read, or EVENT may be the installation of a computer program and IBT be the #$ComputerProgramCopy installed. See also the predicate #$informationUsed, which relates instances of #$Event to instances of #$AbstractInformationalThing.") (#$genlPredsWRTTypes #$ibtUsed #$instrument-Generic #$Event #$PartiallyTangible) (#$genlPredsWRTTypes #$ibtUsed #$actors #$Event #$SomethingExisting) (#$isa #$ibtUsed #$BinaryPredicate) (#$isa #$ibtUsed #$Role) (#$comment #$IDDocument "A specialization of #$OfficialDocument. Each instance of this collection is an officially sanctioned credential for identifying some person or physical object. Important subcollections of #$IDDocument include #$Passport, #$DriversLicense, #$PersonalCheck. Other examples include student ID cards, dog tags (worn by military personnel), dog tags (worn by dogs), authentication certificates for an #$ArtObject or an antique.") (#$genls #$IDDocument #$Individual) (#$genls #$IDDocument #$OfficialDocument) (#$isa #$IDDocument #$ExistingObjectType) (#$isa #$IDDocument #$TextualMaterialTypeByFunction) (#$siblingDisjointExceptions #$IDDocument #$Form-StandardizedIBO) (#$arg1Isa #$identificationStrings #$Thing) (#$arg2Format #$identificationStrings #$SetTheFormat) (#$arg2Isa #$identificationStrings #$IDString) (#$argFormat #$identificationStrings 2 #$SetTheFormat) (#$argIsa #$identificationStrings 2 #$IDString) (#$argIsa #$identificationStrings 2 #$IDString) (#$argIsa #$identificationStrings 1 #$Thing) (#$argIsa #$identificationStrings 1 #$Thing) (#$arity #$identificationStrings 2) (#$comment #$identificationStrings "A #$BinaryPredicate that relates instances of #$Thing to instances of #$IDString. (#$identificationStrings THING STRING) means that STRING is used somehow to identify THING. Its many notable specializations include #$constantID, #$taxIDNumber and #$computerIP. STRING may be a unique identifier for THING or it may be possible that more than one thing is identified by STRING.") (#$genlInverse #$identificationStrings #$signifies) (#$isa #$identificationStrings #$BinaryPredicate) (#$isa #$identificationStrings #$ObjectPredicate) (#$relationExistsAll #$identificationStrings #$Thing #$IDString) (#$arg1Isa #$IdentityFn #$Thing) (#$argIsa #$IdentityFn 1 #$Thing) (#$argIsa #$IdentityFn 1 #$Thing) (#$arity #$IdentityFn 1) (#$comment #$IdentityFn "An instance of both #$UnaryFunction and #$EvaluatableFunction. When applied to an instance THING of #$Thing, #$IdentityFn returns THING as its value, so that (#$equals (#$IdentityFn THING) THING) holds.") (#$isa #$IdentityFn #$EvaluatableFunction) (#$isa #$IdentityFn #$OneToOneFunction) (#$isa #$IdentityFn #$UnaryFunction) (#$resultIsa #$IdentityFn #$Thing) (#$resultIsa #$IdentityFn #$Thing) (#$comment #$IDNumber "A specialization of #$IDString. Each instance of #$IDNumber is a string consisting of only numeric characters and which is used to identify a specific object.") (#$genls #$IDNumber #$IDString) (#$genls #$IDNumber #$List) (#$isa #$IDNumber #$IDStringType) (#$isa #$IDNumber #$ObjectType) (#$comment #$IDObject "A specialization of #$SubLAtom. Each instance of #$IDObject is a token (such as a string or a number) that is used as an identifier for a distinct thing. Instances of #$IDObject may be unique identifiers, in which case they are instances of the specialization #$UniqueID.") (#$genls #$IDObject #$SubLAtom) (#$genls #$IDObject #$Thing) (#$isa #$IDObject #$ObjectType) (#$comment #$IDString "A specialization of #$CharacterString. Each instance of #$IDString is a character string which is used to denote a specific object in some identification mapping. Notable specializations of #$IDString include #$IPAddress, #$PhoneNumber, #$ProperNameString, and #$ContactInfoString.") (#$disjointWith #$IDString #$Language) (#$genls #$IDString #$CharacterString) (#$genls #$IDString #$IDObject) (#$genls #$IDString #$Individual) (#$isa #$IDString #$IDStringType) (#$isa #$IDString #$ObjectType) (#$comment #$IDStringType "A collection of collections and a specialization of #$ObjectType. Each instance of #$IDStringType is a collection of character strings which is a specialization of #$IDString (q.v.). A few notable instances of #$IDStringType are #$ProductName, #$ProductVersion, #$EMailAddress, #$PhoneNumber, #$PostalCode.") (#$disjointWith #$IDStringType #$MatterTypeByPhysicalState) (#$disjointWith #$IDStringType #$MicrotheoryType) (#$disjointWith #$IDStringType #$ShapeType) (#$disjointWith #$IDStringType #$TemporalStuffType) (#$genls #$IDStringType #$ObjectType) (#$isa #$IDStringType #$Collection) (#$isa #$IDStringType #$CollectionType) (#$isa #$IDStringType #$SecondOrderCollection) (#$typeGenls #$IDStringType #$IDString) (#$comment #$IfStatement-Else "An instance of #$ProgramSyntaxObject. #$IfStatement-Else denotes for a contextually determined programming language the sequence of tokens that would signal the \"else\" part of an if statement. For example, in #$Pascal-ProgrammingLanguage, #$IfStatement-Else would denote the token \"else\".") (#$isa #$IfStatement-Else #$Individual) (#$isa #$IfStatement-Else #$ProgramSyntaxObject) (#$isa #$IfStatement-EndIf #$Individual) (#$isa #$IfStatement-EndIf #$ProgramSyntaxObject) (#$comment #$IfStatement-StartIf "An instance of #$ProgramSyntaxObject. #$IfStatement-StartIf denotes for a contextually determined programming language the sequence of tokens that would signal the start of an if statement. For example, in #$Pascal-ProgrammingLanguage, #$IfStatement-StartIf would denote the token \"if\".") (#$isa #$IfStatement-StartIf #$Individual) (#$isa #$IfStatement-StartIf #$ProgramSyntaxObject) (#$comment #$IfStatement-Then "An instance of #$ProgramSyntaxObject. #$IfStatement-Then denotes for a contextually determined programming language the sequence of tokens that would signal the \"then\" part of an if statement. For example, in #$Pascal-ProgrammingLanguage, #$IfStatement-Then would denote the token \"then\".") (#$isa #$IfStatement-Then #$Individual) (#$isa #$IfStatement-Then #$ProgramSyntaxObject) (#$arg1Isa #$IfThenElseStatementFn #$ProgramExpression) (#$arg1Isa #$IfThenElseStatementFn #$ProgramExpression) (#$arg2Isa #$IfThenElseStatementFn #$ProgramStep) (#$arg2Isa #$IfThenElseStatementFn #$ProgramStep) (#$arg3Isa #$IfThenElseStatementFn #$ProgramStep) (#$arg3Isa #$IfThenElseStatementFn #$ProgramStep) (#$argIsa #$IfThenElseStatementFn 1 #$ProgramExpression) (#$argIsa #$IfThenElseStatementFn 1 #$ProgramExpression) (#$argIsa #$IfThenElseStatementFn 1 #$ProgramExpression) (#$argIsa #$IfThenElseStatementFn 2 #$ProgramStep) (#$argIsa #$IfThenElseStatementFn 2 #$ProgramStep) (#$argIsa #$IfThenElseStatementFn 2 #$ProgramStep) (#$argIsa #$IfThenElseStatementFn 3 #$ProgramStep) (#$argIsa #$IfThenElseStatementFn 3 #$ProgramStep) (#$argIsa #$IfThenElseStatementFn 3 #$ProgramStep) (#$arity #$IfThenElseStatementFn 3) (#$comment #$IfThenElseStatementFn "The famous if/them/else statement of countless programming languages.") (#$isa #$IfThenElseStatementFn #$TernaryFunction) (#$isa #$IfThenElseStatementFn #$UnreifiableFunction) (#$resultIsa #$IfThenElseStatementFn #$Individual) (#$resultIsa #$IfThenElseStatementFn #$ProgramStep) (#$comment #$IllocutionaryForceType "A collection of collections. Each instance of #$IllocutionaryForceType is a subcollection of #$IllocutionaryForce. Notable instances of #$IllocutionaryForceType include #$DirectiveIllocutionaryForce, #$CommissiveIllocutionaryForce, and #$ConstativeIllocutionaryForce.") (#$genls #$IllocutionaryForceType #$ObjectType) (#$isa #$IllocutionaryForceType #$CollectionType) (#$isa #$IllocutionaryForceType #$DisjointCollectionType) (#$isa #$IllocutionaryForceType #$SecondOrderCollection) (#$comment #$ImmediateWeatherProcess "A specialization of #$WeatherEvent. Each instance of #$WeatherEvent is a meteorological event of a duration shorter than a seasonal process. A particular hurricane event, for example, might be characteristic of a seasonal process for a region; but the hurricane event itself is an instance of #$ImmediateWeatherProcess. Another example of an instance of #$ImmediateWeatherProcess is a single #$LightningEvent. (Cf. #$AnnualClimateCycle.)") (#$disjointWith #$ImmediateWeatherProcess #$AnnualClimateCycle) (#$genls #$ImmediateWeatherProcess #$Individual) (#$genls #$ImmediateWeatherProcess #$WeatherEvent) (#$isa #$ImmediateWeatherProcess #$DefaultDisjointScriptType) (#$isa #$ImmediateWeatherProcess #$TemporalStuffType) (#$siblingDisjointExceptions #$ImmediateWeatherProcess #$EmittingAnObject) (#$comment #$Impatience "Emotion arising from the inability to bear some trial (as delay, opposition, discomfort, or stupidity), shown by mental and emotional unrest, and inability to keep still") (#$genls #$Impatience #$Frustration) (#$isa #$Impatience #$AtemporalNecessarilyEssentialCollectionType) (#$isa #$Impatience #$FeelingType) (#$comment #$ImplementationConstant "The collection of constants that are included in a Cyc Knowledge Base only in order to support or enable one or more Cyc-based applications or capabilities. These constants are not used to represent common sense knowledge; nor are they used to represent knowledge shared by a significant subset of humans, such as specialized domain knowledge (e.g. the knowledge of experts in some field of study, such as nuclear physics).") (#$isa #$ImplementationConstant #$Collection) (#$quotedCollection #$ImplementationConstant) (#$comment (#$implies (#$isa ?INSTANCE (#$SubcollectionOfWithRelationToFn ?COLLECTION ?PREDICATE ?THING)) (?PREDICATE ?INSTANCE ?THING)) "The direction of this assertion is :CODE in order to prevent its use by forward or backward inference. It is actually implemented by a #$RuleTemplate: (#$FunctionRuleTemplateFn #$SubcollectionOfWithRelationToFn).") (#$comment (#$implies (#$isa ?UNIT-FN #$UnitOfMeasure) (#$argsIsa ?UNIT-FN #$SubLRealNumber)) "We say this because we want to prevent assertions like (#$Meter (#$Unity 4.5)(#$Unity 3)) or (#$Meter (#$Unity (#$Unity 4.5)) 3). If #$argsIsa is #$SubLRealNumber, then since, e.g., (#$Unity 4.5) is not a legal argument to ?UNIT-FN. Only 4.5 is legitimate.") (#$arg1Isa #$implies #$ELSentence-Assertible) (#$arg2Isa #$implies #$ELSentence-Assertible) (#$argIsa #$implies 1 #$ELSentence-Assertible) (#$argIsa #$implies 1 #$ELSentence-Assertible) (#$argIsa #$implies 1 #$ELSentence-Assertible) (#$argIsa #$implies 2 #$ELSentence-Assertible) (#$argIsa #$implies 2 #$ELSentence-Assertible) (#$argIsa #$implies 2 #$ELSentence-Assertible) (#$arity #$implies 2) (#$arity #$implies 2) (#$comment #$implies "A #$LogicalConnective that represents the material implication relation in #$CycL. It is a #$FixedArityRelation, taking two #$ELSentence-Assertibles as arguments. (#$implies ANTE CONSEQ) means that either the sentence ANTE is false, or the sentence CONSEQ is true (possibly both); equivalently, it is not the case that ANTE is true and CONSEQ is false. Cyc assertions that begin with #$implies are used during inference: both modus ponens and modus tollens. (Cf. by contrast #$sentenceImplies -- a mere predicate primarily intended to be used for rules that quantify over #$CycL formulas.") (#$isa #$implies #$BinaryRelation) (#$isa #$implies #$FixedArityRelation) (#$isa #$implies #$LogicalConnective) (#$isa #$implies #$LogicalConnective) (#$isa #$implies #$LogicalTruthConstant) (#$isa #$implies #$MacroRelation) (#$resultIsa #$implies #$ELSentence-Assertible) (#$resultIsa #$implies #$ELSentence-Assertible) (#$comment #$ImprovementEvent "The collection of actions in which something is improved by being changed. The improvement is from the point of view of the performer.") (#$genls #$ImprovementEvent #$Event) (#$genls #$ImprovementEvent #$Individual) (#$genls #$ImprovementEvent #$IntrinsicStateChangeEvent) (#$genls #$ImprovementEvent #$TakingCareOfSomething) (#$isa #$ImprovementEvent #$TemporalObjectType) (#$arg1Format #$in-Among #$openEntryFormatInArgs) (#$arg1Isa #$in-Among #$PartiallyTangible) (#$arg1Isa #$in-Among #$PartiallyTangible) (#$arg2Format #$in-Among #$openEntryFormatInArgs) (#$arg2Isa #$in-Among #$Group) (#$arg2Isa #$in-Among #$Group) (#$arg2Isa #$in-Among #$PartiallyTangible) (#$arg2Isa #$in-Among #$PartiallyTangible) (#$argFormat #$in-Among 1 #$openEntryFormatInArgs) (#$argFormat #$in-Among 2 #$openEntryFormatInArgs) (#$argIsa #$in-Among 2 #$Group) (#$argIsa #$in-Among 2 #$Group) (#$argIsa #$in-Among 2 #$Group) (#$argIsa #$in-Among 1 #$PartiallyTangible) (#$argIsa #$in-Among 1 #$PartiallyTangible) (#$argIsa #$in-Among 1 #$PartiallyTangible) (#$argIsa #$in-Among 2 #$PartiallyTangible) (#$argIsa #$in-Among 2 #$PartiallyTangible) (#$argIsa #$in-Among 2 #$PartiallyTangible) (#$arity #$in-Among 2) (#$comment #$in-Among "(#$in-Among OBJ GROUP) means that the #$PartiallyTangible OBJ is physically located within the tangible #$Group GROUP. OBJ may (but need not) be a member of GROUP. OBJ is spatially distinct (see the predicate #$spatiallyDisjoint) from any (other) group-member of GROUP. Examples: a bird in the branches of a tree would be #$in-Among those branches, and a zebra in its herd would be #$in-Among that herd.") (#$genlPreds #$in-Among #$objectFoundInLocation) (#$isa #$in-Among #$CotemporalObjectsSlot) (#$isa #$in-Among #$SpatialPredicate) (#$comment #$InanimateObject-Natural "A collection of natural (i.e. not man-made) objects. It is a subclass of #$InanimateThing-Natural, distinguished from it mainly by only having subclasses which are existing object-types. Thus, #$CelestialObject would be a subclass of this collection, but #$Dirt would not.") (#$genls #$InanimateObject-Natural #$InanimateThing-Natural) (#$genls #$InanimateObject-Natural #$Individual) (#$isa #$InanimateObject-Natural #$ExistingObjectType) (#$comment #$InanimateThing "A subcollection of #$PartiallyTangible. Each instance of #$InanimateThing is an (at least partly) tangible thing that is not currently a living structure. Things that were never alive, dead organisms, and dead (or completely non-functioning) organism parts are included in this collection. Examples: #$YaleUniversity, a piece of #$Meat, a dead armadillo, the #$StatueOfLiberty, and a pile of #$Sawdust. Two important specializations of this collection are #$InanimateThing-Natural and #$InanimateThing-NonNatural.") (#$genls #$InanimateThing #$Individual) (#$genls #$InanimateThing #$PartiallyTangible) (#$isa #$InanimateThing #$ExistingStuffType) (#$comment #$InanimateThing-Natural "An instance of #$ExistingStuffType, and a specialization of #$InanimateThing. Each instance of #$InanimateThing-Natural is an #$InanimateThing that was not created by an #$Agent in a #$PurposefulAction. Thus, the #$MoonOfEarth, human #$Sweat staining a shirt, and most footprints left by people in the snow belong to this collection, but wood chips left around a tree being chopped down, tailings left from a mine, and the #$ArcDeTriomphe do not.") (#$disjointWith #$InanimateThing-Natural #$InanimateThing-NonNatural) (#$genls #$InanimateThing-Natural #$InanimateThing) (#$genls #$InanimateThing-Natural #$NaturalTangibleStuff) (#$isa #$InanimateThing-Natural #$ExistingStuffType) (#$comment #$InanimateThing-NonNatural "A collection of tangible things. An instance of #$InanimateThing-NonNatural is a tangible which was created during a #$PurposefulAction by an #$Agent (or a group of #$Agents working together) whether or not that creation was intended. If the creation was intended the thing created is an instance of the more specific collection, #$Artifact. Let's consider some positive and negative examples. In addition to the obvious human #$Artifacts (buildings, tools, textiles, power lines), this collection includes #$Artifacts made by #$NonPersonAnimals, such as bird nests, termite mounds, and beaver dams. By-products (see #$byProducts) of #$PurposefulActions, such as wood chips created when chopping down a tree and slag created when obtaining metal from #$MineralOre, are instances of #$InanimateThing-NonNatural but not of #$Artifact. For more details on what is included in the concept #$Artifact, examine its comment. Negative examples include bodily excretions (see #$ExcretionSubstance), most instances of tracks made while walking through mud or snow (both being instances of #$InanimateThing-Natural, and spoken words (being intangible).") (#$genls #$InanimateThing-NonNatural #$InanimateThing) (#$genls #$InanimateThing-NonNatural #$Individual) (#$isa #$InanimateThing-NonNatural #$ExistingObjectType) (#$arg1Isa #$inboundLegOfRoundTrip #$Translation-RoundTrip) (#$arg2Isa #$inboundLegOfRoundTrip #$Translation-LocationChange) (#$argIsa #$inboundLegOfRoundTrip 2 #$Translation-LocationChange) (#$argIsa #$inboundLegOfRoundTrip 2 #$Translation-LocationChange) (#$argIsa #$inboundLegOfRoundTrip 1 #$Translation-RoundTrip) (#$argIsa #$inboundLegOfRoundTrip 1 #$Translation-RoundTrip) (#$arity #$inboundLegOfRoundTrip 2) (#$comment #$inboundLegOfRoundTrip "(#$inboundLegOfRoundTrip TRIP INBOUND) means that the translational movement INBOUND is the final portion of the round-trip translation event TRIP. In other words, INBOUND is the `return trip' portion of TRIP. During the INBOUND leg, the object moving in TRIP (see the predicate #$objectMoving) travels from the destination of TRIP (see the predicate #$destination-RoundTrip) back to its origin (see the predicate #$origin-RoundTrip). Since the origin of TRIP is the ending point of INBOUND, it is related to INBOUND by #$toLocation (q.v.), and since the destination of TRIP is the starting point of INBOUND, it is related to INBOUND by #$fromLocation (q.v.).") (#$genlPreds #$inboundLegOfRoundTrip #$subEvents) (#$isa #$inboundLegOfRoundTrip #$BinaryRolePredicate) (#$isa #$inboundLegOfRoundTrip #$FunctionalPredicate) (#$isa #$inboundLegOfRoundTrip #$NonPhysicalPartPredicate) (#$isa #$inboundLegOfRoundTrip #$SubEventPredicate) (#$relationAllExists #$inboundLegOfRoundTrip #$Translation-RoundTrip #$Translation-LocationChange) (#$argIsa #$Inch 0 #$SubLRealNumber) (#$argsIsa #$Inch #$SubLRealNumber) (#$argsIsa #$Inch #$SubLRealNumber) (#$arityMax #$Inch 2) (#$arityMax #$Inch 2) (#$arityMin #$Inch 1) (#$arityMin #$Inch 1) (#$comment #$Inch "The measurement function used in Cyc to represent the inch used to measure length within the British (FPS) system. See also #$FPSUnitOfMeasure, #$UnitOfMeasure.") (#$isa #$Inch #$FPSUnitOfMeasure) (#$isa #$Inch #$UnitOfDistance) (#$isa #$Inch #$UnitOfMeasureNoPrefix) (#$resultIsa #$Inch #$Distance) (#$resultIsa #$Inch #$Distance-Absolute) (#$resultIsa #$Inch #$Distance-Absolute) (#$resultIsa #$Inch #$ScalarInterval) (#$arg1Format #$includedInIntervalType #$SetTheFormat) (#$arg1Genl #$includedInIntervalType #$TemporalThing) (#$arg1Isa #$includedInIntervalType #$FirstOrderCollection) (#$arg2Format #$includedInIntervalType #$SetTheFormat) (#$arg2Genl #$includedInIntervalType #$TemporalThing) (#$arg2Isa #$includedInIntervalType #$FirstOrderCollection) (#$argFormat #$includedInIntervalType 1 #$SetTheFormat) (#$argFormat #$includedInIntervalType 2 #$SetTheFormat) (#$argGenl #$includedInIntervalType 1 #$TemporalThing) (#$argGenl #$includedInIntervalType 1 #$TemporalThing) (#$argGenl #$includedInIntervalType 2 #$TemporalThing) (#$argGenl #$includedInIntervalType 2 #$TemporalThing) (#$argIsa #$includedInIntervalType 1 #$FirstOrderCollection) (#$argIsa #$includedInIntervalType 1 #$FirstOrderCollection) (#$argIsa #$includedInIntervalType 2 #$FirstOrderCollection) (#$argIsa #$includedInIntervalType 2 #$FirstOrderCollection) (#$arity #$includedInIntervalType 2) (#$comment #$includedInIntervalType "(#$includedInIntervalType SHORTER LONGER) means that for every instance X of SHORTER, there is an instance Y of LONGER such that (#$temporallySubsumes Y X) holds. Note that (#$includedInIntervalType SHORTER LONGER) does not necessarily entail (#$temporallySubsumes-TypeType LONGER SHORTER). See also #$temporallySubsumes-TypeType.") (#$genlPreds #$includedInIntervalType #$intersectsIntervalType) (#$isa #$includedInIntervalType #$ObjectPredicate) (#$isa #$includedInIntervalType #$ReflexiveBinaryPredicate) (#$isa #$includedInIntervalType #$TemporalPredicate) (#$isa #$includedInIntervalType #$TransitiveBinaryPredicate) (#$transitiveViaArg #$includedInIntervalType #$genls 2) (#$transitiveViaArgInverse #$includedInIntervalType #$genls 1) (#$arg1Format #$includedItems #$SingleEntry) (#$arg1Isa #$includedItems #$PackagedProduct) (#$arg1Isa #$includedItems #$PackagedProduct) (#$arg2Isa #$includedItems #$TemporalThing) (#$arg2Isa #$includedItems #$TemporalThing) (#$argFormat #$includedItems 1 #$SingleEntry) (#$argIsa #$includedItems 1 #$PackagedProduct) (#$argIsa #$includedItems 1 #$PackagedProduct) (#$argIsa #$includedItems 1 #$PackagedProduct) (#$argIsa #$includedItems 2 #$TemporalThing) (#$argIsa #$includedItems 2 #$TemporalThing) (#$argIsa #$includedItems 2 #$TemporalThing) (#$arity #$includedItems 2) (#$comment #$includedItems "The predicate #$includedItems is used to identify the peripheral items that come with a particular packaged product. (#$includedItems FORM ITEM) means that the #$Individual ITEM is one of the things that are included in the #$FormalProduct FORM, along with its #$mainProduct; but ITEM is not the main product itself. ITEM can be an accessory, owner's manual, warranty agreement, or included service. ITEM is something that is a regular part of the package. ITEM does NOT refer to free samples or extras thrown in--for that, see #$includesWithProductType.") (#$genlPreds #$includedItems #$parts) (#$isa #$includedItems #$AntiTransitiveBinaryPredicate) (#$isa #$includedItems #$AntiTransitiveBinaryPredicate) (#$isa #$includedItems #$AsymmetricBinaryPredicate) (#$isa #$includedItems #$FunctionalPredicate) (#$isa #$includedItems #$PartPredicate) (#$negationInverse #$includedItems #$includedItems) (#$strictlyFunctionalInArgs #$includedItems 1) (#$arg1Format #$includesWithProductType #$openEntryFormatInArgs) (#$arg1Isa #$includesWithProductType #$CommercialOrganization) (#$arg1Isa #$includesWithProductType #$CommercialOrganization) (#$arg2Format #$includesWithProductType #$openEntryFormatInArgs) (#$arg2Genl #$includesWithProductType #$SpatialThing-Localized) (#$arg2Genl #$includesWithProductType #$SpatialThing-Localized) (#$arg2Isa #$includesWithProductType #$ProductType) (#$arg2Isa #$includesWithProductType #$ProductType) (#$arg3Format #$includesWithProductType #$openEntryFormatInArgs) (#$arg3Genl #$includesWithProductType #$SpatialThing-Localized) (#$arg3Genl #$includesWithProductType #$SpatialThing-Localized) (#$arg3Isa #$includesWithProductType #$ProductType) (#$arg3Isa #$includesWithProductType #$ProductType) (#$argFormat #$includesWithProductType 1 #$openEntryFormatInArgs) (#$argFormat #$includesWithProductType 2 #$openEntryFormatInArgs) (#$argFormat #$includesWithProductType 3 #$openEntryFormatInArgs) (#$argGenl #$includesWithProductType 2 #$SpatialThing-Localized) (#$argGenl #$includesWithProductType 2 #$SpatialThing-Localized) (#$argGenl #$includesWithProductType 2 #$SpatialThing-Localized) (#$argGenl #$includesWithProductType 3 #$SpatialThing-Localized) (#$argGenl #$includesWithProductType 3 #$SpatialThing-Localized) (#$argGenl #$includesWithProductType 3 #$SpatialThing-Localized) (#$argIsa #$includesWithProductType 1 #$CommercialOrganization) (#$argIsa #$includesWithProductType 1 #$CommercialOrganization) (#$argIsa #$includesWithProductType 1 #$CommercialOrganization) (#$argIsa #$includesWithProductType 2 #$ProductType) (#$argIsa #$includesWithProductType 2 #$ProductType) (#$argIsa #$includesWithProductType 2 #$ProductType) (#$argIsa #$includesWithProductType 3 #$ProductType) (#$argIsa #$includesWithProductType 3 #$ProductType) (#$argIsa #$includesWithProductType 3 #$ProductType) (#$arity #$includesWithProductType 3) (#$comment #$includesWithProductType "The predicate #$includesWithProductType is used to specify extra goods or services that a particular seller includes with a specific product. (#$includesWithProductType SELLER MAINTYPE EXTRATYPE) means that the #$CommercialOrganization SELLER provides an item of the #$ProductType EXTRATYPE free of charge to its customers who purchase a product of #$ProductType MAINTYPE. For example, to say that Ernie's Garage provides towing free with a car repair, we could say (#$includesWithProductType ErniesGarage (#$RepairingFn #$Automobile) #$TowingAnAutomobile).") (#$isa #$includesWithProductType #$TernaryPredicate) (#$arg1Isa #$income #$Agent) (#$arg2Format #$income #$IntervalEntry) (#$arg2Format #$income #$IntervalEntry) (#$arg2Isa #$income #$MonetaryFlowRate) (#$argFormat #$income 2 #$IntervalEntry) (#$argFormat #$income 2 #$IntervalEntry) (#$argIsa #$income 1 #$Agent) (#$argIsa #$income 1 #$Agent) (#$argIsa #$income 2 #$MonetaryFlowRate) (#$argIsa #$income 2 #$MonetaryFlowRate) (#$arity #$income 2) (#$comment #$income "An instance of #$IntervalBasedQuantitySlot (q.v.) that is used to state the income or wage of a person or other agent in terms of a #$MonetaryFlowRate (q.v.), such as #$DollarsPerYear or #$DollarsPerHour. (#$income AGENT RATE) means that AGENT has the income or wage RATE. Normally, a agent's yearly earnings are described as \"income\", while hourly earnings are called \"wages\"; the predicate #$income encompasses both of these.") (#$functionalInArgs #$income 2) (#$isa #$income #$BinaryPredicate) (#$isa #$income #$IntervalBasedQuantitySlot) (#$relationAllInstance #$income #$SalesPerson (#$DollarsPerHour 4.75 7)) (#$relationAllInstance #$income #$Philosopher (#$DollarsPerYear 15000 85000)) (#$relationAllInstance #$income #$Nurse (#$DollarsPerYear 25000 60000)) (#$relationAllInstance #$income #$Doctor-Medical (#$DollarsPerYear 30000 500000)) (#$relationAllInstance #$income #$Dentist (#$DollarsPerYear 35000 200000)) (#$relationAllInstance #$income #$SalesPerson (#$DollarsPerYear 6000 10000)) (#$relationAllInstance #$income #$Farmer (#$DollarsPerYear 8000 500000)) (#$arg1Format #$in-ContClosed #$openEntryFormatInArgs) (#$arg1Isa #$in-ContClosed #$PartiallyTangible) (#$arg1Isa #$in-ContClosed #$PartiallyTangible) (#$arg2Format #$in-ContClosed #$openEntryFormatInArgs) (#$arg2Isa #$in-ContClosed #$SolidTangibleThing) (#$arg2Isa #$in-ContClosed #$SolidTangibleThing) (#$argFormat #$in-ContClosed 1 #$openEntryFormatInArgs) (#$argFormat #$in-ContClosed 2 #$openEntryFormatInArgs) (#$argIsa #$in-ContClosed 1 #$PartiallyTangible) (#$argIsa #$in-ContClosed 1 #$PartiallyTangible) (#$argIsa #$in-ContClosed 1 #$PartiallyTangible) (#$argIsa #$in-ContClosed 2 #$SolidTangibleThing) (#$argIsa #$in-ContClosed 2 #$SolidTangibleThing) (#$argIsa #$in-ContClosed 2 #$SolidTangibleThing) (#$arity #$in-ContClosed 2) (#$comment #$in-ContClosed "(#$in-ContClosed OBJ CONT) means that #$PartiallyTangible OBJ is completely contained within one or more cavities within #$SolidTangibleThing CONT, and that it is not possible for OBJ to leave CONT as an object without either the opening of a portal in CONT or the non-standard significant deformation of OBJ or CONT. CONT need not have a portal. Parts of OBJ may extend out through portals in CONT. If OBJ can temporarily undergo (a not-too forceful) shape deformation in order to fit through a portal in CONT, then OBJ is not #$in-ContClosed with respect to CONT. Positive examples include water in a bottle with a closed cap; a person in a closed jail cell sticking his arms through the bars; King Kong in a flimsy cage; a model of a ship in a bottle (where the model must be disassembled to force it out); egg yolk in an egg shell. Negative examples include a morsel of bread in a prison cell (morsels are small enough to leave the cell by passing in between the bars of the cell -- use #$in-ContOpen); an egg yolk in an egg -- use #$internalParts; water in an open bottle (the necessary deformation is not forceful). A positive borderline example is a skinny person in a jail cell who could just barely manage to squeeze through the bars (the necessary deformations, although self-imposed, would be abnormal and unexpected). A negative borderline example is a spelunker who has crawled through a narrow passage into a cave (the deformations needed to get in (and therefore out) were self-imposed and not abnormal).") (#$genlInverse #$in-ContClosed #$surrounds-3D) (#$genlPreds #$in-ContClosed #$in-ContCompletely) (#$isa #$in-ContClosed #$AntiSymmetricBinaryPredicate) (#$isa #$in-ContClosed #$AsymmetricBinaryPredicate) (#$isa #$in-ContClosed #$CotemporalObjectsSlot) (#$isa #$in-ContClosed #$SpatialPredicate) (#$isa #$in-ContClosed #$TransitiveBinaryPredicate) (#$negationInverse #$in-ContClosed #$in-ContClosed) (#$negationInverse #$in-ContClosed #$in-ContClosed) (#$arg1Isa #$in-ContCompletely #$PartiallyTangible) (#$arg1Isa #$in-ContCompletely #$PartiallyTangible) (#$arg2Isa #$in-ContCompletely #$SolidTangibleThing) (#$arg2Isa #$in-ContCompletely #$SolidTangibleThing) (#$argIsa #$in-ContCompletely 1 #$PartiallyTangible) (#$argIsa #$in-ContCompletely 1 #$PartiallyTangible) (#$argIsa #$in-ContCompletely 1 #$PartiallyTangible) (#$argIsa #$in-ContCompletely 2 #$SolidTangibleThing) (#$argIsa #$in-ContCompletely 2 #$SolidTangibleThing) (#$argIsa #$in-ContCompletely 2 #$SolidTangibleThing) (#$arity #$in-ContCompletely 2) (#$comment #$in-ContCompletely "(#$in-ContCompletely OBJ CONT) means that OBJ is completely within one or more cavities in CONT.") (#$genlInverse #$in-ContCompletely #$physicallyContains) (#$genlPreds #$in-ContCompletely #$in-ContGeneric) (#$isa #$in-ContCompletely #$AntiSymmetricBinaryPredicate) (#$isa #$in-ContCompletely #$AsymmetricBinaryPredicate) (#$isa #$in-ContCompletely #$CotemporalObjectsSlot) (#$isa #$in-ContCompletely #$SpatialPredicate) (#$isa #$in-ContCompletely #$TransitiveBinaryPredicate) (#$negationInverse #$in-ContCompletely #$in-ContCompletely) (#$arg1Isa #$in-ContFullOf #$PartiallyTangible) (#$arg1Isa #$in-ContFullOf #$PartiallyTangible) (#$arg2Isa #$in-ContFullOf #$SolidTangibleThing) (#$arg2Isa #$in-ContFullOf #$SolidTangibleThing) (#$argIsa #$in-ContFullOf 1 #$PartiallyTangible) (#$argIsa #$in-ContFullOf 1 #$PartiallyTangible) (#$argIsa #$in-ContFullOf 1 #$PartiallyTangible) (#$argIsa #$in-ContFullOf 2 #$SolidTangibleThing) (#$argIsa #$in-ContFullOf 2 #$SolidTangibleThing) (#$argIsa #$in-ContFullOf 2 #$SolidTangibleThing) (#$arity #$in-ContFullOf 2) (#$comment #$in-ContFullOf "(#$in-ContFullOf STUFF CONT) means that STUFF is the substance that fills the cavity/cavities of CONT. STUFF is unique in that it is the only substance that `fills' the cavity, even though other things may be within CONT (e.g., as #$in-ContGeneric). Filling the container means that the inside surface of CONT touches the filling STUFF at virtually all points of CONT's inner surface, rather than touching whatever stuff CONT itself is immersed in and which CONT's outside surface touches (e.g., air). The only thing which can override this #$touches (i.e., get alongside CONT's inside wall without being STUFF) would be some other object which is also in CONT (e.g., with #$in-ContGeneric). In order to fill the container, STUFF must be #$Pourable or have a shape which conforms to the shape of CONT's cavity. Cf. #$in-ContGeneric to cover cases of stuff which is in a container without filling it. ") (#$genlPreds #$in-ContFullOf #$in-ContCompletely) (#$genlPreds #$in-ContFullOf #$touchesDirectly-Apartanomic) (#$isa #$in-ContFullOf #$AsymmetricBinaryPredicate) (#$isa #$in-ContFullOf #$CotemporalObjectsSlot) (#$isa #$in-ContFullOf #$InterExistingObjectPredicate) (#$isa #$in-ContFullOf #$SpatialPredicate) (#$negationInverse #$in-ContFullOf #$in-ContFullOf) (#$negationInverse #$in-ContFullOf #$in-ContFullOf) (#$arg1Format #$in-ContGeneric #$SetTheFormat) (#$arg1Isa #$in-ContGeneric #$PartiallyTangible) (#$arg1Isa #$in-ContGeneric #$PartiallyTangible) (#$arg2Isa #$in-ContGeneric #$SolidTangibleThing) (#$arg2Isa #$in-ContGeneric #$SolidTangibleThing) (#$argFormat #$in-ContGeneric 1 #$SetTheFormat) (#$argIsa #$in-ContGeneric 1 #$PartiallyTangible) (#$argIsa #$in-ContGeneric 1 #$PartiallyTangible) (#$argIsa #$in-ContGeneric 1 #$PartiallyTangible) (#$argIsa #$in-ContGeneric 2 #$SolidTangibleThing) (#$argIsa #$in-ContGeneric 2 #$SolidTangibleThing) (#$argIsa #$in-ContGeneric 2 #$SolidTangibleThing) (#$arity #$in-ContGeneric 2) (#$comment #$in-ContGeneric "(#$in-ContGeneric OBJ CONT) means that OBJ is contained, confined, or held in CONT. OBJ is not a part of CONT. CONT has a cavity (see #$CavityWithWalls) and OBJ is at least partly within (see #$spatiallyIntersects) the interior of this cavity. If CONT moves, OBJ is, by default, caused to move so as to remain within that cavity (see #$movesWith). If OBJ leaves the confines of CONT, then either OBJ passes through some appropriately sized portal of CONT, or OBJ breaks into smaller pieces that themselves pass through appropriately sized portals of CONT, or OBJ breaks through a wall of CONT. CONT may function as an open or closed container with respect to objects of the size of OBJ. If CONT is closed with respect to OBJ, then #$in-ContClosed is the preferred more specific predicate. If CONT is open with respect to OBJ, #$in-ContOpen is preferred. If OBJ is a fluid which completely fills CONT (for example, a cup of coffee brimming over) then #$in-ContFullOf is more precise.") (#$genlPreds #$in-ContGeneric #$movesWith) (#$genlPreds #$in-ContGeneric #$objectFoundInLocation) (#$genlPreds #$in-ContGeneric #$spatiallyDisjoint) (#$isa #$in-ContGeneric #$AsymmetricBinaryPredicate) (#$isa #$in-ContGeneric #$CotemporalObjectsSlot) (#$isa #$in-ContGeneric #$SpatialPredicate) (#$negationInverse #$in-ContGeneric #$in-ContGeneric) (#$negationInverse #$in-ContGeneric #$in-ContGeneric) (#$negationPreds #$in-ContGeneric #$physicalDecompositions) (#$arg1Isa #$in-ContOpen #$PartiallyTangible) (#$arg1Isa #$in-ContOpen #$PartiallyTangible) (#$arg2Isa #$in-ContOpen #$SolidTangibleThing) (#$arg2Isa #$in-ContOpen #$SolidTangibleThing) (#$argIsa #$in-ContOpen 1 #$PartiallyTangible) (#$argIsa #$in-ContOpen 1 #$PartiallyTangible) (#$argIsa #$in-ContOpen 1 #$PartiallyTangible) (#$argIsa #$in-ContOpen 2 #$SolidTangibleThing) (#$argIsa #$in-ContOpen 2 #$SolidTangibleThing) (#$argIsa #$in-ContOpen 2 #$SolidTangibleThing) (#$arity #$in-ContOpen 2) (#$comment #$in-ContOpen "(#$in-ContOpen OBJ CONT) means that OBJ is contained in CONT -- CONT confines or holds OBJ in -- but OBJ can be removed from CONT without having to either A) open any portals in CONT B) break some part of CONT or C) break OBJ into smaller pieces such that it can fit through some portal of CONT's. Note that (#$in-ContOpen OBJ CONT) is a relationship based on the size of OBJ and the largest portal of CONT that OBJ might be able to traverse through. For example, a paperclip might be #$in-ContOpen a jail cell even though the person locked inside would be #$in-ContClosed the jail cell. This is because the paper clip is small enough to fit in between the bars of the cell whereas the person is not. See #$portalState for vocabulary relating containers to whether its portals are open or closed.") (#$genlPreds #$in-ContOpen #$in-ContGeneric) (#$interArgIsa1-2 #$in-ContOpen #$Canal #$ConstructionArtifact) (#$isa #$in-ContOpen #$AsymmetricBinaryPredicate) (#$isa #$in-ContOpen #$CotemporalObjectsSlot) (#$isa #$in-ContOpen #$SpatialPredicate) (#$negationInverse #$in-ContOpen #$in-ContOpen) (#$negationInverse #$in-ContOpen #$in-ContOpen) (#$relationAllExists #$in-ContOpen #$Canal (#$CollectionIntersection2Fn #$ConstructionArtifact #$FluidConduit)) (#$relationAllExists #$in-ContOpen #$Stream #$FluidConduit) (#$comment #$Incorporation-Physical "The collection of events in which an object or chunk of stuff comes to include, or acquire, or be joined to another object or chunk of stuff. If the additional object can be properly said to be a part of the entity into which it is incorporated, it is probably more appropriate to use #$AttachmentEvent or one of its specs. But incorporation is more general: for instance, an egg can be incorporated into a chunk of pizza dough, or a teaspoon of cream into a cup of coffee.") (#$genls #$Incorporation-Physical #$Individual) (#$genls #$Incorporation-Physical #$PhysicalEvent) (#$isa #$Incorporation-Physical #$TemporalObjectType) (#$comment #$IncurringAnInjury "A collection of events. An instance of #$IncurringAnInjury is an event in which an animal becomes injured. In such events, the animal which is hurt is the #$bodilyActedOn in the event. The condition which results of an instance of #$IncurringAnInjury would be an instance of #$InjuryCondition (q.v.). Also see the comment on #$AilmentCondition.") (#$genls #$IncurringAnInjury #$AnimalActivity) (#$genls #$IncurringAnInjury #$IncurringDamage) (#$genls #$IncurringAnInjury #$Individual) (#$genls #$IncurringAnInjury #$SingleDoerAction) (#$isa #$IncurringAnInjury #$DefaultDisjointScriptType) (#$comment #$IncurringDamage "The collection of events in which some sort of damage is incurred to a person or property.") (#$genls #$IncurringDamage #$Individual) (#$genls #$IncurringDamage #$IntrinsicStateChangeEvent) (#$genls #$IncurringDamage #$PhysicalEvent) (#$isa #$IncurringDamage #$FirstOrderCollection) (#$keWeakSuggestionPreds #$IncurringDamage #$damages) (#$comment #$Indecision "Emotion of one who is wavering between two or more courses of action") (#$genls #$Indecision #$Doubt) (#$isa #$Indecision #$AtemporalNecessarilyEssentialCollectionType) (#$isa #$Indecision #$FeelingType) (#$arg1Format #$independentArg #$SetTheFormat) (#$arg1Isa #$independentArg #$InterArgConstraintPredicate) (#$arg1Isa #$independentArg #$TernaryPredicate) (#$arg2Format #$independentArg #$SingleEntry) (#$arg2Isa #$independentArg #$NonNegativeInteger) (#$argFormat #$independentArg 1 #$SetTheFormat) (#$argFormat #$independentArg 2 #$SingleEntry) (#$argIsa #$independentArg 1 #$InterArgConstraintPredicate) (#$argIsa #$independentArg 1 #$InterArgConstraintPredicate) (#$argIsa #$independentArg 2 #$NonNegativeInteger) (#$argIsa #$independentArg 2 #$NonNegativeInteger) (#$argIsa #$independentArg 1 #$TernaryPredicate) (#$argIsa #$independentArg 1 #$TernaryPredicate) (#$arity #$independentArg 2) (#$comment #$independentArg "A #$MetaPredicate that is used to state, of a given (ternary) #$InterArgConstraintPredicate, that it is (always) used to constrain a relation in such a way that a certain specified argument-place of the relation is for the \"independent\" argument (with respect to that constraint). (#$independentArg INT-ARG-PRED N) means that any sentence of the form (INT-ARG-PRED RELN ...) constrains RELN in some way that treats RELN's Nth argument as independent. For example, (#$independentArg #$interArgIsa3-4 3) holds. See the comment on #$InterArgConstraintPredicate for an explanation of what it means to be an \"independent\" argument in this sense. Note that #$independentArg is contrained to apply only to _ternary_ inter-argument constraint predicates, as only they have already-fixed positions for the corresponding independent and dependent arguments; thus it cannot (on pain of semantic malformedness) be applied to the quintary inter-argument constraint predicates, such as #$interArgIsa.") (#$isa #$independentArg #$BinaryPredicate) (#$isa #$independentArg #$CoreConstant) (#$isa #$independentArg #$FunctionalSlot) (#$isa #$independentArg #$MetaPredicate) (#$isa #$independentArg #$MetaPredicate) (#$isa #$independentArg #$MetaPredicate) (#$isa #$independentArg #$OpenCycDefinitionalPredicate) (#$isa #$independentArg #$StrictlyFunctionalSlot) (#$strictlyFunctionalInArgs #$independentArg 2) (#$comment #$IndependentCountry "A collection of geopolitical entities and a specialization of #$Country. Each instance of #$IndependentCountry is a distinct, independent geopolitical entity generally recognized by the international community. An independent country typically has a relatively stable government, enforced borders, its own currency, laws, and culture. Examples include #$UnitedStatesOfAmerica, #$Germany, #$Liberia, #$Mongolia, #$India, #$Taiwan-RepublicOfChina, and #$Honduras.") (#$disjointWith #$IndependentCountry #$CountrySubsidiary) (#$genls #$IndependentCountry #$Country) (#$genls #$IndependentCountry #$Individual) (#$genls #$IndependentCountry #$LegalAgent) (#$isa #$IndependentCountry #$ExistingObjectType) (#$isa #$IndependentCountry #$GeographicalEntityByHierarchy) (#$isa #$IndependentCountry #$SpatiallyDisjointRegionType) (#$siblingDisjointExceptions #$IndependentCountry #$City) (#$comment #$IndependentOrganization "#$IndependentOrganization is a specialization of #$Organization. Each instance of #$IndependentOrganization is an organization which is not affiliated with any instance of #$ChainOrganization (q.v.), and is not a sub-organization of any other #$Organization. An independent organization is neither the top-level organization of a chain, nor a lower level organization in a chain, nor is it an instance of #$ChainOrganization. Note, however, that an instance of #$IndependentOrganization may have several locations within a small geographical region; e.g., Texas French Bread (a single, independent business) has multiple locations in Austin, TX.") (#$genls #$IndependentOrganization #$Individual) (#$genls #$IndependentOrganization #$Organization) (#$isa #$IndependentOrganization #$ExistingObjectType) (#$isa #$IndependentOrganization #$OrganizationTypeByStructuralCharacteristic) (#$comment #$IndeterminateTerm "#$IndeterminateTerm is the collection of all CycL symbols used to denote some indeterminate object in the universe of discourse which must exist, although the precise identity of the object may not be known. One can reason from the known existence of such a term, but not about any identity property of the term, unless the term is known to satisfy #$equals with another term whose identity is known.") (#$genls #$IndeterminateTerm #$Thing) (#$isa #$IndeterminateTerm #$ObjectType) (#$quotedCollection #$IndeterminateTerm) (#$comment #$IndexedInformationSource "The collection of all structured information sources in which the information contained therein is indexed by some set of index terms (the terms could be names, phrases, #$CharacterStrings, #$IDNumbers or codes). For every index term, there is one specific part of the #$IndexedInformationSource associated with that term. Each instance of #$IndexedInformationSource has some format or organizing structure of specified parts or 'chunks' imposed on the information. (Although its indexed parts might be be ordered in a certain sequence, in theory it could be indexed without there being any particular sequential ordering of the parts.) An instance of #$IndexedInformationSource is the abstract informational content of the source, not any particular physical object in which the information is stored. Examples include a #$Dictionary, #$Thesaurus, #$Database-AbstractContent, or a #$KnowledgeBase. Some examples that do not qualify are #$Painting-ArtForm, or a #$CharacterString without any structuring information about it or that has no structure beyond being a string of characters. Thus this is not referring to unstructured text, even if it has an 'Index'. The fact that a book has an index does not make it an #$IndexedInformationSource.") (#$genls #$IndexedInformationSource #$AbstractInformationalThing) (#$genls #$IndexedInformationSource #$Artifact-Intangible) (#$genls #$IndexedInformationSource #$Individual) (#$genls #$IndexedInformationSource #$StructuredInformationSource) (#$isa #$IndexedInformationSource #$ObjectType) (#$comment #$IndexicalConcept "#$IndexicalConcepts are those whose referent essentially depends on the occasion of use and the user, e.g., #$Now, I, Here. When I use the word 'I,' I am referring to myself (#$OKeefe), but 'I' does not mean #$OKeefe, but refers to whomever the user is. Similarly, #$Now denotes the moment in which it is used.") (#$genls #$IndexicalConcept #$Thing) (#$isa #$IndexicalConcept #$AtemporalNecessarilyEssentialCollectionType) (#$isa #$IndexicalConcept #$VariableOrderCollection) (#$quotedCollection #$IndexicalConcept) (#$arg1Isa #$indexicalReferent #$IndexicalConcept) (#$arg2Isa #$indexicalReferent #$Thing) (#$argIsa #$indexicalReferent 1 #$IndexicalConcept) (#$argIsa #$indexicalReferent 1 #$IndexicalConcept) (#$argIsa #$indexicalReferent 2 #$Thing) (#$argIsa #$indexicalReferent 2 #$Thing) (#$arity #$indexicalReferent 2) (#$comment #$indexicalReferent "(#$indexicalReferent INDCONCEPT THING) means that in the context of the assertion, the #$IndexicalConcept INDCONCEPT has the referent THING. This is a #$FunctionalSlot, in keeping with the idea that the predicate will return one and only one 'value' for the second argument place at any given point in context space. However, be advised that the arg2 will change from context to context.") (#$genlPreds #$indexicalReferent #$equals) (#$isa #$indexicalReferent #$CoreConstant) (#$isa #$indexicalReferent #$FunctionalSlot) (#$comment #$India "An instance of #$IndependentCountry. #$India is a country in southern Asia whose territory constitutes most of the #$IndianSubcontinent (q.v.). #$India is bounded on the north by #$Bhutan, #$Tibet, and #$China-PeoplesRepublic, on the northwest by #$Pakistan, on the east by #$Burma, on the southeast by the #$BayOfBengal, and on the southwest by the #$ArabianSea.") (#$isa #$India #$Entity) (#$isa #$India #$IndependentCountry) (#$isa #$India #$Individual) (#$comment #$IndianOcean "An instance of #$Ocean. The #$IndianOcean is an ocean in the #$SouthernHemisphere-Region lying south of the #$ContinentOfAsia, east of the #$ContinentOfAfrica, and west of the #$ContinentOfAustralia.") (#$isa #$IndianOcean #$Entity) (#$isa #$IndianOcean #$Individual) (#$isa #$IndianOcean #$InternationalWaters) (#$isa #$IndianOcean #$Ocean) (#$comment #$Individual "#$Individual is the collection of all individuals: things that are _not_ sets or collections. Individuals might be concrete or abstract, and include (among other things) physical objects, events, numbers, relations, and groups. An instance of #$Individual might have parts or structure (including discontinuous parts); but _no_ individual has elements or subsets (see #$elementOf and #$subsetOf). Thus, an individual that has parts (e.g. #$physicalParts or #$groupMembers) is _not_ the same thing as either the set or the collection containing those same parts. For example, your car is an individual, but the collection of all the parts of your car is not an individual but an instance of #$Collection. This collection (unlike the car itself) is abstract: it doesn't have a location, mass, or a top speed; but it does have instances, subcollections, and supercollections. In partial contrast, the #$Group (q.v.) of parts of your car (while also not the same thing as the car itself) _is_ an individual that has location and mass. Another example: A given company, the group consisting of all the company's employees, the collection of those employees, and the set of those employees are four distinct things, and only the first two are individuals.") (#$disjointWith #$Individual #$SetOrCollection) (#$genls #$Individual #$Thing) (#$genls #$Individual #$Thing) (#$genls #$Individual #$Thing) (#$isa #$Individual #$AtemporalNecessarilyEssentialCollectionType) (#$isa #$Individual #$Collection) (#$isa #$Individual #$FirstOrderCollection) (#$isa #$Individual #$LogicalTruthConstant) (#$comment #$IndividualAgent "An instance of #$ExistingObjectType and a specialization of #$Agent-Generic. Each instance of #$IndividualAgent is an instance of #$Agent-Generic that is not itself a group composed of other instances of #$Agent-Generic. Notable specializations of #$IndividualAgent include #$Person and #$Animal. Note that #$Organization is not a specialization of #$IndividualAgent, since instances of #$Organization are groups composed of other instances of #$Agent-Generic.") (#$disjointWith #$IndividualAgent (#$GroupFn #$Agent-Generic)) (#$genls #$IndividualAgent #$Agent-Generic) (#$genls #$IndividualAgent #$Individual) (#$isa #$IndividualAgent #$ExistingObjectType) (#$comment #$IndividualDenotingFunction "The subcollection of #$Function-Denotational whose instances, when applied to any appropriate (sequence of) arguments, return instances of #$Individual. Examples include #$PerimeterFn, #$GovernmentFn, and #$CavityInteriorRegionFn. See also the collections #$CollectionDenotingFunction and #$SetDenotingFunction.") (#$genls #$IndividualDenotingFunction #$Function-Denotational) (#$isa #$IndividualDenotingFunction #$AtemporalNecessarilyEssentialCollectionType) (#$isa #$IndividualDenotingFunction #$FunctionCategory) (#$comment #$IndividualLevelPredicate "`Individual-level' predicates express properties that apply to continuants more or less intrinsically, rather than only at a certain time or stage in time (for which cf. #$StageLevelPredicate). Example: having brown eyes is, under normal conditions, an individual-level property.") (#$genls #$IndividualLevelPredicate #$Predicate) (#$isa #$IndividualLevelPredicate #$AtemporalNecessarilyEssentialCollectionType) (#$isa #$IndividualLevelPredicate #$PredicateCategory) (#$comment #$Indonesia-TheNation "The country of Indonesia, which occupies 13500 islands. Includes both political and, in a \"dualist\" microtheory, physical aspects.") (#$isa #$Indonesia-TheNation #$Entity) (#$isa #$Indonesia-TheNation #$IndependentCountry) (#$isa #$Indonesia-TheNation #$Individual) (#$isa #$Indonesia-TheNation #$IndustrializedCountry) (#$comment #$IndustrializedCountry "A specialization of #$Country. Each instance of #$IndustrializedCountry is a nation-state whose economy is characterized by large industries, at least some mechanization of production, and by a concentration of the work force in urban, rather than rural, areas.") (#$genls #$IndustrializedCountry #$Country) (#$genls #$IndustrializedCountry #$Individual) (#$isa #$IndustrializedCountry #$ExistingObjectType) (#$arg1Isa #$in-Embedded #$SolidTangibleThing) (#$arg1Isa #$in-Embedded #$SolidTangibleThing) (#$arg2Isa #$in-Embedded #$SolidTangibleThing) (#$arg2Isa #$in-Embedded #$SolidTangibleThing) (#$argIsa #$in-Embedded 1 #$SolidTangibleThing) (#$argIsa #$in-Embedded 1 #$SolidTangibleThing) (#$argIsa #$in-Embedded 1 #$SolidTangibleThing) (#$argIsa #$in-Embedded 2 #$SolidTangibleThing) (#$argIsa #$in-Embedded 2 #$SolidTangibleThing) (#$argIsa #$in-Embedded 2 #$SolidTangibleThing) (#$arity #$in-Embedded 2) (#$comment #$in-Embedded "(#$in-Embedded OBJ1 OBJ2) means that some portion of OBJ1 is embedded in OBJ2 at least semi-permanently. OBJ1 is thus #$connectedTo OBJ2. The remaining portion of OBJ1 is not embedded in OBJ2. The #$in-Embedded relationship comes about during the formation of OBJ1 or OBJ2. Examples: grass in the ground, hair in the scalp, or eyes in sockets. Also, OBJ1 is not beneath the surface of OBJ2.") (#$genlInverse #$in-Embedded #$surrounds-2D) (#$genlPreds #$in-Embedded #$aligned) (#$genlPreds #$in-Embedded #$connectedAtContact) (#$genlPreds #$in-Embedded #$sticksInto) (#$genlPreds #$in-Embedded #$touchesDirectly-Apartanomic) (#$isa #$in-Embedded #$ConnectionPredicate) (#$isa #$in-Embedded #$CotemporalObjectsSlot) (#$isa #$in-Embedded #$InterExistingObjectPredicate) (#$isa #$in-Embedded #$IrreflexiveBinaryPredicate) (#$isa #$in-Embedded #$SpatialPredicate) (#$negationPreds #$in-Embedded #$sheetSurfaceConnected) (#$comment #$InfectingEvent "The collection of events in which some instance of #$Organism-Whole is infected. The infectious agent can be transmitted from any partially tangible thing. An important specialization of this collection is that of events in which the pathogen comes from an infected host, see #$InfectionTransmissionEvent.") (#$genls #$InfectingEvent #$ContaminationEvent) (#$genls #$InfectingEvent #$GeneralizedTransfer) (#$genls #$InfectingEvent #$Individual) (#$genls #$InfectingEvent #$Translocation) (#$isa #$InfectingEvent #$TemporalObjectType) (#$comment #$Infection "A specialization of #$AilmentCondition. Each instance of #$Infection is an ailment condition in which microorganisms are abnormally present (or abnormally numerous) within an animal's body. The microorganisms involved in an infection may be instances of the collections #$Bacterium, #$Virus, or #$ProtistaKingdom. Specializations of #$Infection include #$Bronchitis, #$Tonsillitis, and #$SexuallyTransmittedInfection (which has further specializations).") (#$covering #$Infection #$InfectionTypeBySymptomology) (#$genls #$Infection #$AilmentCondition) (#$genls #$Infection #$Individual) (#$isa #$Infection #$PhysiologicalConditionType) (#$keStrongSuggestionPreds #$Infection #$infectionHost) (#$requiredArg1Pred #$Infection #$infectionCausedByOrganism) (#$arg1Isa #$infectionCausedByOrganism #$Infection) (#$arg1Isa #$infectionCausedByOrganism #$Infection) (#$arg2Format #$infectionCausedByOrganism #$SetTheFormat) (#$arg2Isa #$infectionCausedByOrganism #$Microorganism) (#$arg2Isa #$infectionCausedByOrganism #$Microorganism) (#$argFormat #$infectionCausedByOrganism 2 #$SetTheFormat) (#$argIsa #$infectionCausedByOrganism 1 #$Infection) (#$argIsa #$infectionCausedByOrganism 1 #$Infection) (#$argIsa #$infectionCausedByOrganism 1 #$Infection) (#$argIsa #$infectionCausedByOrganism 2 #$Microorganism) (#$argIsa #$infectionCausedByOrganism 2 #$Microorganism) (#$argIsa #$infectionCausedByOrganism 2 #$Microorganism) (#$arity #$infectionCausedByOrganism 2) (#$comment #$infectionCausedByOrganism "This predicate relates a particular instance of #$Infection to an organism which causes that infection. (#$infectionCausedByOrganism INFECT ORG) means that the organism ORG is one of the causes of the infection INFECT.") (#$genlPreds #$infectionCausedByOrganism #$preActors) (#$interArgIsa1-2 #$infectionCausedByOrganism #$FungalInfection #$Fungus) (#$interArgIsa1-2 #$infectionCausedByOrganism #$ViralInfection #$Virus) (#$isa #$infectionCausedByOrganism #$ActorSlot) (#$minimizeExtent #$infectionCausedByOrganism) (#$genls (#$InfectionFn #$Ear) #$Individual) (#$genls (#$InfectionFn #$Ear) #$Infection) (#$isa (#$InfectionFn #$Ear) #$PhysiologicalConditionType) (#$arg1Genl #$InfectionFn #$AnimalBodyPart) (#$arg1Genl #$InfectionFn #$AnimalBodyPart) (#$arg1Isa #$InfectionFn #$ExistingObjectType) (#$arg1Isa #$InfectionFn #$ExistingObjectType) (#$argGenl #$InfectionFn 1 #$AnimalBodyPart) (#$argGenl #$InfectionFn 1 #$AnimalBodyPart) (#$argGenl #$InfectionFn 1 #$AnimalBodyPart) (#$argIsa #$InfectionFn 1 #$ExistingObjectType) (#$argIsa #$InfectionFn 1 #$ExistingObjectType) (#$argIsa #$InfectionFn 1 #$ExistingObjectType) (#$arity #$InfectionFn 1) (#$comment #$InfectionFn "An instance of #$CollectionDenotingFunction. When applied to a specialization PART of #$AnimalBodyPart (q.v.), #$InfectionFn returns the collection of all infections in some instance of PART. For example, (#$InfectionFn #$Throat) is the collection of all throat infections (and hence a specialization of #$Infection).") (#$isa #$InfectionFn #$CollectionDenotingFunction) (#$isa #$InfectionFn #$CollectionDenotingFunction) (#$isa #$InfectionFn #$ReifiableFunction) (#$isa #$InfectionFn #$UnaryFunction) (#$resultGenl #$InfectionFn #$Individual) (#$resultGenl #$InfectionFn #$Infection) (#$resultIsa #$InfectionFn #$PhysiologicalConditionType) (#$resultIsa #$InfectionFn #$PhysiologicalConditionType) (#$arg1Format #$infectionHost #$SetTheFormat) (#$arg1Isa #$infectionHost #$Infection) (#$arg1Isa #$infectionHost #$Infection) (#$arg2Format #$infectionHost #$SingleEntry) (#$arg2Isa #$infectionHost #$Organism-Whole) (#$arg2Isa #$infectionHost #$Organism-Whole) (#$argFormat #$infectionHost 1 #$SetTheFormat) (#$argFormat #$infectionHost 2 #$SingleEntry) (#$argIsa #$infectionHost 1 #$Infection) (#$argIsa #$infectionHost 1 #$Infection) (#$argIsa #$infectionHost 1 #$Infection) (#$argIsa #$infectionHost 2 #$Organism-Whole) (#$argIsa #$infectionHost 2 #$Organism-Whole) (#$argIsa #$infectionHost 2 #$Organism-Whole) (#$arity #$infectionHost 2) (#$comment #$infectionHost "This predicate relates a particular case of #$Infection to the organism it is infecting. (#$infectionHost INF ORG) means that INF is an #$Infection in which the host organism is ORG.") (#$genlPreds #$infectionHost #$ailmentConditionAffects) (#$interArgIsa1-2 #$infectionHost #$AnthraxInfection #$Mammal) (#$isa #$infectionHost #$ActorSlot) (#$isa #$infectionHost #$BinaryPredicate) (#$isa #$infectionHost #$StrictlyFunctionalSlot) (#$relationAllExists #$infectionHost #$AnthraxInfection #$Mammal) (#$strictlyFunctionalInArgs #$infectionHost 2) (#$typedGenlPreds #$infectionHost #$ailmentConditionAffects) (#$minimizeExtent #$infectionHost) (#$comment #$InfectionTransmissionEvent "A specialization of #$InfectingEvent. Each instance of #$InfectionTransmissionEvent is an event in which some infection is transmitted from one host to another (where both the old and new hosts are instances of #$BiologicalLivingObject).") (#$genls #$InfectionTransmissionEvent #$Individual) (#$genls #$InfectionTransmissionEvent #$InfectingEvent) (#$genls #$InfectionTransmissionEvent #$InfectingEvent) (#$isa #$InfectionTransmissionEvent #$TemporalObjectType) (#$subEventTypes #$InfectionTransmissionEvent #$Translation-LocationChange) (#$comment #$InfectionType "A collection of collections. Each instance of #$InfectionType is a specialization of #$Infection. Instances include #$BubonicPlague, #$Leprosy, and #$Herpes.") (#$genls #$InfectionType #$PhysiologicalConditionType) (#$isa #$InfectionType #$CollectionType) (#$isa #$InfectionType #$CollectionType) (#$isa #$InfectionType #$SecondOrderCollection) (#$typeGenls #$InfectionType #$Infection) (#$comment #$InfectionTypeByPathogenType "A collection of Collection. Elements of #$InfectionTypeByPathogenType are specs of #$Infection of which instances share the common property of being caused by pathogenic organisms of the same type. See #$pathogenCausesInfectionType, #$InfectionDueToFn.") (#$genls #$InfectionTypeByPathogenType #$InfectionType) (#$genls #$InfectionTypeByPathogenType #$PhysiologicalConditionType) (#$isa #$InfectionTypeByPathogenType #$CollectionType) (#$isa #$InfectionTypeByPathogenType #$CollectionType) (#$isa #$InfectionTypeByPathogenType #$SecondOrderCollection) (#$isa #$InfectionTypeByPathogenType #$SiblingDisjointCollectionType) (#$isa #$InfectionTypeByPathogenType #$SiblingDisjointCollectionType) (#$comment #$InfectionTypeBySymptomology "This type-level collection facets the class of #$Infections by characteristic symptom. More specifically, if INFECTION-COL is an instance of #$InfectionTypeBySymptomology, then its instances will, under normal circumstances, feature a certain type of symptom which is characteristic of the infection-class as a whole.") (#$genls #$InfectionTypeBySymptomology #$InfectionType) (#$genls #$InfectionTypeBySymptomology #$PhysiologicalConditionType) (#$isa #$InfectionTypeBySymptomology #$CollectionType) (#$isa #$InfectionTypeBySymptomology #$CollectionType) (#$isa #$InfectionTypeBySymptomology #$SecondOrderCollection) (#$isa #$InfectionTypeBySymptomology #$SiblingDisjointCollectionType) (#$isa #$InfectionTypeBySymptomology #$SiblingDisjointCollectionType) (#$typeGenls #$InfectionTypeBySymptomology #$Infection) (#$comment #$InferenceBinding "Each instance of #$InferenceBinding represents a CycL binding pair of variable and value which can be substituted for that variable in a CycL formula. Such binding pairs are constructed for representation in the Cyc KB by using the function #$InferenceBindingFn.") (#$genls #$InferenceBinding #$SubLList) (#$isa #$InferenceBinding #$LinguisticObjectType) (#$arg1Isa #$InferenceBindingFn #$ELVariable) (#$arg2Isa #$InferenceBindingFn #$CycLTerm) (#$argIsa #$InferenceBindingFn 2 #$CycLTerm) (#$argIsa #$InferenceBindingFn 2 #$CycLTerm) (#$argIsa #$InferenceBindingFn 1 #$ELVariable) (#$argIsa #$InferenceBindingFn 1 #$ELVariable) (#$arity #$InferenceBindingFn 2) (#$comment #$InferenceBindingFn "(#$InferenceBindingFn VAR TERM) denotes an instance of #$InferenceBinding which states that TERM can be substituted for VAR. Bindings are produced as part of the result of a CycL query, when it is found that the query formula can be proven from the KB by substituting TERM for VAR. The entire query result consists of a #$SetOfInferenceBindingSets, which includes zero or more #$InferenceBindingSets, each of which contains one #$InferenceBinding for each free variable present in the query formula.") (#$isa #$InferenceBindingFn #$BinaryFunction) (#$isa #$InferenceBindingFn #$Function-Denotational) (#$isa #$InferenceBindingFn #$IndividualDenotingFunction) (#$quotedArgument #$InferenceBindingFn 1) (#$resultIsa #$InferenceBindingFn #$InferenceBinding) (#$comment #$InferenceBindingSet "Each instance of #$InferenceBindingSet represents one complete answer to a CycL Query. An #$InferenceBindingSet is a set of #$InferenceBindings, with one #$InferenceBinding for each free variable present in the query formula. Such binding sets are constructed for representation in the KB by using the function #$InferenceBindingSetFn.") (#$genls #$InferenceBindingSet #$Set-Mathematical) (#$isa #$InferenceBindingSet #$LinguisticObjectType) (#$argsIsa #$InferenceBindingSetFn #$InferenceBinding) (#$argsIsa #$InferenceBindingSetFn #$InferenceBinding) (#$arityMin #$InferenceBindingSetFn 0) (#$comment #$InferenceBindingSetFn "(#$Infere